北京市八一学校2024-2025学年高一上学期10月月考英语试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份北京市八一学校2024-2025学年高一上学期10月月考英语试卷（Word版附解析），文件包含北京市八一学校2024-2025学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题Word版含解析docx、北京市八一学校2024-2025学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。

考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Last year I decided t d sme vluntary wrk. I began t research n the Internet and discvered Vlunteer USA. Three mnths later, I ___1___ myself n a plane t Phenix, Arizna. I was ___2___ at the thught f living with lads f new peple fr three mnths. Hwever, within fifteen minutes f arriving, my wrries had gne. Everyne was s friendly and like-minded that it was very easy t feel at hme.
I was sent t the Crnad Natinal Frest fr my first 8-day ___3___. We had t carry everything we needed and walk three miles t where we wrked. It may nt seem like a ___4___ way, but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were n fire.
My jb was t ___5___ a stairway ut f rck. This ___6___ climbing up and dwn the side f a muntain inhabited (栖息) by muntain lins, althugh I shuld say they were nly heard, never seen.
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came int being. The ___7___ f knwing that my wrk will be n that muntainside fr years t cme is massive.
But n the last night we were caught in a thunderstrm. I wke up at midnight t find a swimming pl in my tent. The temperature was clse t ___8___. I had t spend the rest f the night trembling in the nly dry part f my tent.
Needless t say, I suffered a lt. But I knw whatever I have t face in my life. I was there and I ___9___. I think I am much ___10___ fr having taken part in the prject.
1. A. imaginedB. fundC. enjyedD. intrduced
2. A. annyedB. surprisedC. nervusD. excited
3. A. prjectB. turC. campaignD. curse
4. A. niceB. safeC. lngD. quick
5. A. buildB. testC. cleanD. guard
6. A. helpedB. meantC. allwedD. ended
7. A. satisfactinB. ambitinC. expectatinD. intentin
8. A. bilingB. averageC. nrmalD. freezing
9. A. recveredB. resistedC. escapedD. survived
10. A. smarterB. strngerC. happierD. busier
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. D 10. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文，叙述了作者进行志愿者活动的经历和感受。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，我发现自己坐上了飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机。A. imagined想象；B. fund发现；C. enjyed享受；D. intrduced介绍。根据下文“n a plane t Phenix, Arizna”以及语境可知，在发现Vlunteer USA之后三个月，作者就动身了，即，“发现”自己在飞往目的地的飞机上。故选B项。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一想到要和一群陌生人一起生活三个月，我就很紧张。A. annyed烦恼的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. nervus紧张的；D. excited激动的。根据下文“living with lads f new peple fr three mnths”以及“ my wrries had gne”可知，作者知道要和许多陌生人一起度过三个月时，内心很“紧张”。故选C项。
3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被派往科罗纳多国家森林进行我的第一个为期8天的项目。A. prject项目；B. tur旅行；C. campaign运动；D. curse课程。根据下文“We had t carry everything we needed and walk three miles t where we wrked.”可知，作者被派往科罗纳多国家森林进行第一个为期8天的“项目”。故选A项。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这似乎不是一段很长的路，但在35摄氏度的高温下，再加上沉重的背包，我的腿像是着火了。A. nice美好的；B. safe安全的；C. lng长的；D. quick快的。根据上文“three miles”可知，三英里的步行距离并不是很“长的”。故选C项。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A. build建造；B. test测试；C. clean清洁；D. guard保卫。根据下文“climbing up and dwn the side f a muntain”可知，作者在狮子栖息地“建造”一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着要在山狮居住的山坡上爬上爬下，尽管我应该说，我只听说过这些狮子，却从没有看到它们。A. helped帮助；B. meant意味着；C. allwed允许；D. ended结束。根据前一句“My jb was t 5 a stairway ut f rck”可知，本句是对前一句工作内容的解释和补充：这“意味着”要在山狮居住的山坡上爬上爬下。故选B项。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将在那片山上出现多年，我感到非常满足。A. satisfactin满足；B. ambitin野心；C. expectatin期待；D. intentin意图。根据上文“Three days later, a beautiful stairway came int being.”以及下文“my wrk will be n that muntainside fr years t cme”可知，作者知道自己建造的石梯会在山上存在很久，内心十分“满足”。故选A项。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：温度接近冰点。A. biling沸腾；B. average平均的；C. nrmal正常的；D. freezing极冷的。根据下文“trembling”可知，温度是“极冷的”，作者冷到颤抖。故选D项。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我知道，无论在生命中将要面对什么，我都在那里，我挺过来了。A. recvered恢复；B. resisted抵抗；C. escaped逃离；D. survived继续存活。根据上文“I was there”以及语境可知，无论面对什么， 作者都在那里并且“存活”下来了。故选D项。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为参加了这个项目后，我变得更坚强了。A. smarter更聪明的；B. strnger更坚强的；C. happier更开心的；D. busier更忙碌的。根据“But I knw whatever I have t face in my life. I was there and I 9 . ”以及语境可知，在志愿者经历后，作者变得“更坚强”了。故选B项。
第二节 语法练习（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
Part 1
请写出下列句子的句子基本类型以及划线部分的句子成分。
Sentence 1: In recent years, researchers frm diverse fields have agreed that shrt-termism is nw a significant prblem in ur sciety.
Sentence 2: What is als very different is that students in the same class can have different class schedules.
11. Sentence 1的句子基本类型 ________________
12. Sentence 1中划线部分的句子成分 ________________
13. Sentence 2的句子基本类型 ________________
14. Sentence 2中划线部分的句子成分 ________________
【答案】11. 主谓宾 12. 状语 13. 主系表 14. 定语
【解析】
【11题详解】
考查句子成分。句意：近年来，来自不同领域的研究人员一致认为，短期主义现在是我们社会中的一个重大问题。分析句子可知，本句中researchers frm diverse fields (来自不同领域的研究人员)，为主语；have agreed(已一致认为)，为谓语； that shrt-termism is nw a significant prblem in ur sciety(短期主义现在是我们社会的一个严重问题)，为宾语从句作宾语。故填：主谓宾。
【12题详解】
考查句子成分。句意：近年来，来自不同领域的研究人员一致认为，短期主义现在是我们社会中的一个重大问题。分析句子可知，in ur sciety(在我们的社会中)，为介词短语作状语。故填：状语。
【13题详解】
考查句子成分。句意：同样非常不同的是，同一班的学生可以有不同的上课时间表。分析句子可知，What is als very different(同样非常不同的)，为主语从句作主语；is(是)，为系动词； that students in the same class can have different class schedules(同一班的学生可以有不同的上课时间表)，为表语从句作表语。故填：主系表。
【14题详解】
考查句子成分。句意：同样非常不同的是，同一班的学生可以有不同的上课时间表。分析句子可知， in the same class(在同一班的)，为介词短语作定语，修饰前面名词students。故填：定语。
Part 2
阅读下面短文，请根据短文内容填空，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Last year, Zhang Tian graduated frm university and ___15___ (get) a teacher’s certificate. Inspired by his teachers, he ___16___ (apply) t be a vlunteer teacher in a village schl. Althugh the schl didn’t live up t his hpes and life there was challenging than he ___17___ (think), he fund ways t deal with challenges. He nt nly intrduced subjects like music, art and PE t help students, but als rganized the first-ever schl cncert. Nw students’ schl lives are ___18___ (attract) and the schl is full f laughter and music. Meanwhile, he brught many changes t the village. He cntacted charity ___19___ (rganize) abut rebuilding the schl and helped the villagers sell lcal prducts nline. Althugh he had nly intended t stay fr ne year, he nw ___20___ (feel) ready t stay fr anther year.
【答案】15. gt
16. applied
17 had thught
18. mre attractive
19. rganizatins
20. feels
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了张天成为村校志愿者教师后的贡献与感受。
【15题详解】
考查时态。句意：去年，张天从大学毕业并且获得了教师资格证。空处为句子的并列谓语动词。根据时间状语Last year可知，句子为一般过去时态。故填gt。
【16题详解】
考查时态。句意：受到老师们的启发，他申请成为乡村学校的一名志愿教师。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据上下文语境可知，本句话为陈述过去事实，所以用一般过去时态。故填applied。
【17题详解】
考查时态。句意：虽然学校没有达到他的期望，并且那里的生活比他想象的更具挑战性，但他找到了应对挑战的方法。空处为比较状语从句的谓语动词。根据空前的was可知，该动作发生在主句动作之前，主句为一般过去时态，所以从句用过去完成时态，表示过去的过去。故填had thught。
【18题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意：现在学生们的校园生活更有吸引力，学校里充满了笑声和音乐。空处需要形容词作表语。attract的形容词为attractive“有吸引力的”，此处表示比以前的校园生活更有吸引力，所以需要用形容词的比较级。故填mre attractive。
【19题详解】
考查名词。句意：他联系慈善组织重建学校，并帮助村民们在线销售当地产品。空处需要名词rganizatin“组织”，构成短语“charity rganizatins”，意为“慈善组织”，在句中作宾语。表示多个慈善组织，用复数形式。故填rganizatins。
【20题详解】
考查时态。句意：虽然他最初只打算待一年，但他现在觉得准备再待一年。空为句子的谓语动词。根据nw可知，本句话为一般现在时态，主语为第三人称单数形式。故填feels。
第二部分：阅读理解（共50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共25小题；每小题2分，共50分）
A
Welcming New Lifestyles
21. If a persn wants t enjy a simple but happy life, which lifestyle is suitable?
A. Hygge.B. Lagm.C. Wabi sabi.D. Ikigai.
22. T live a lifestyle f wabi sabi, ne has t ________.
A. find beauty in his r her imperfect life
B. achieve a balance between wrk and life
C. be happy and find ut the meaning f life
D. thrw away the useless and live a simple life
23. This passage is mst likely t be read in a ________.
A. research reprtB. travel blg
C. prduct advertisementD. ppular magazine
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种新的生活方式。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第四句“Besides, hygge is als abut learning t be happy with simple things.(此外，hygge也是关于学会对简单的事情感到快乐的生活方式)”可推知，如果一个人想要享受简单而快乐的生活，Hygge这种生活方式会适合他。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Cming frm Japan, wabi sabi is abut finding beauty in imperfectin. (来自日本的wabi sabi，致力于在不完美中寻找美)”可知，wabi sabi这种生活方式需要在不完美的生活中发现美。故选A。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要介绍了四种不同的生活方式，根据标题“Welcming New Lifestyles(迎接新的生活方式)”可知，这篇文章最有可能出现在流行杂志上。故选D。
B
Surfer Dudes t the Rescue!
Abut 50 feet frm shre f the Nrthern Califrnia’s Trinidad State Beach, tw brthers were fighting fr their lives. They had been swept ut t sea in a rip current (激流), their muths barely able t stay abve the water. Thick fg made it difficult fr beachgers t see the guys, but the screams were unmistakable. And every secnd cunted. The brthers, ages 15 and 20, were wearing shrts and T-shirts, unsuitable fr a Nvember day, let alne the freezing water. Keven Harder, a supervising ranger (巡查员), tld the Nrth Cast Jurnal in nearby Eureka that swimming in such a temperature “takes the fight right ut f yu.”
Luckily, fur surfers in wet suits were nearby. Narayan Weibel, Spenser Strattn, and Adrian Yrk, all 16, alng with Taj Ortiz-Beck, 15, were n their surfbards riding up and dwn the cast n five-ft waves when they heard the cries. They turned and saw tw bbbing heads and fur struggling arms. “We lked at each ther and knew these guys were abut t drwn,” Weibel tld the Washingtn Pst.
Weibel, Strattn, and Ortiz-Beck paddled tward the distressed swimmers while Yrk headed t shre t warn smene t call 911. He then dived back in t help his friends.
As the surfers drew clse, the brthers were still fighting hard fr their lives. “It was pretty stressful, but there wasn’t any time t think abut it, and that helped me keep my cl,” Ortiz-Beck says.
Ortiz-Beck pulled up alngside the yunger brther. Grabbing him under his arms, he raised him up nt his bard. Strattn and Weibel, meanwhile, hurried t help the lder brther. He was large, 250 t 300 punds, and he was panicked.
“I tld them, ‘Calm dwn—we gt yu!’” says Weibel. “They thught they were ging t die.”
Yrk arrived in time t help get the lder brther atp the secnd bard. The surfers then paddled several minutes thrugh chppy water t the medical help waiting nshre. The brthers were scared but fine.
“When we get a call like this ne, it’s usually t late by the time we get there,” says Dilln Cleavenger, a first respnder. “I can’t say enugh abut what these bys did. They were willing and prepared t risk their lives.”
24. What can we knw frm the first paragraph?
A. Tw brthers were almst drwned in the sea.
B. Beachgers happened t meet the tw brthers.
C. The supervising ranger warned them nt t swim then.
D. Surfers barely wre T-shirts and shrts in such weather.
25. What were the fur bys ding when they heard the screams?
A. Swimming in a rip current.B. Surfing n high waves.
C. Struggling with their arms t shre.D. Practising diving in the sea.
26. In the rescue, ______.
A. Andrian Yrk dived back t call the plice
B. Keven Harder played the mst imprtant rle
C. Narayan Weibel tried t calm dwn the brthers
D. Ortiz-Beck saved the larger and panicked brther
27. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe the fur surfers?
A. Hardwrking and friendly.B. Kind and humrus.
C. Devted and talented.D. Brave and determined.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为记叙文。本文讲述了四名正在冲浪的青少年在紧要关头冒险救人的故事。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段对兄弟俩的状态描述“They had been swept ut t sea in a rip current (激流), their muths barely able t stay abve the water. Thick fg made it difficult fr beachgers t see the guys, but the screams were unmistakable. And every secnd cunted.( 他们被一股激流卷到了海里，他们的嘴几乎无法露出水面。浓雾让海滩上的游客很难看到他们，但尖叫声是明显的。千钧一发。)”以及巡查员的话“swimming in such a temperature “takes the fight right ut f yu.”(在这样的温度下游泳会“让你丧失斗志”)”可知，两兄弟情况危急，差点淹死在海里。 故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Narayan Weibel, Spenser Strattn, and Adrian Yrk, all 16, alng with Taj Ortiz-Beck, 15, were n their surfbards riding up and dwn the cast n five-ft waves when they heard the cries.”(听到呼喊声时，16岁的Narayan Weibel、spencer Strattn和Adrian Yrk，以及15岁的Taj rtizi – beck正在5英尺高的海浪上冲浪)可知，他们正在冲浪，故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“I tld them, ‘Calm dwn—we gt yu!’” says Weibel. “They thught they were ging t die.”( “我告诉他们，冷静点，我们来救你们了!” Weibel说。“他们以为自己要死了。”)”可知，Narayan Weibel试图让兄弟俩镇定下来，故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Weibel, Strattn, and Ortiz-Beck paddled tward the distressed swimmers while Yrk headed t shre t warn smene t call 911. He then dived back in t help his friends.( Weibel, Strattn和Ortiz-Beck划着桨向受困的游泳者走去，Yrk则前往岸边告知有人拨打911。然后他又跳回去帮助他的朋友们)”和第四段“It was pretty stressful, but there wasn’t any time t think abut it, and that helped me keep my cl,” Ortiz-Beck says.( Ortiz-Beck说:“压力很大，但我没有时间去想，这让我保持冷静。”)”可知，四名冲浪少年在救人过程中十分勇敢、坚定，故选D。
C
As yu craft yur reslutins fr 2025, cnsider adding ne t experience mre flw. Psychlgist Mihály Csíkszentmihályi has called flw as “the secret t happiness.” Flw is a state f psitive experience that each f us can incrprate int ur everyday lives, ne characterized by great jy that makes a life wrth living.
When peple feel flw they are in a state f intense cncentratin. Their thughts are fcused n an experience rather than n themselves. They lse a sense f time and feel as if their actins and awareness becme ne. Flw ccurs when bth the task’s challenge and skill level are high. Peple will nt feel flw when they are ding the dishes. Csíkszentmihályi’s research in the 1970s fcused n peple ding tasks they enjyed. He studied swimmers, music cmpsers, dancers, muntain climbers and ther athletes. He fund ut that s lng as that task’s challenge is high, and s are yur skills, yu shuld be able t achieve flw.
Why is flw “the secret t happiness”? Fr ne thing, the experience can help peple pursue their lng-term gals. Research shws that taking a break t feel flw can enhance ne’s self-cntrl, gal pursuit and well-being. A recent study als shws that flw helps peple stay resilient (有适应力的) in the face f difficulty. Part f this is because flw can help refcus thughts away frm smething stressful t smething enjyable. In fact, studies have shwn that experiencing flw can help guard against depressin and burnut.
What is ging n in the brain during flw? Studies shw that the experience is assciated with increasing activatin in brain structures related t feeling reward. This may be ne reasn why flw feels s enjyable and why peple are s fcused n tasks that make them feel flw. Research als shws that flw is assciated with dampened activity in brain structures related t self-fcus and negative thughts. This may help explain why feeling flw can help distract (转移) peple frm wrry. Hwever, the abve-mentined studies were crrelatinal, nt causal. Further study f this cnnectin is vital.
28. Accrding t the passage, flw is mst likely t ccur when smene is ______.
A. playing chess against a tugh ppnentB. attending a cncert f his favrite singer
C. ding daily chres fr his family membersD. sharing his traveling experience with friends
29. Flw is called “the secret t happiness” partly because it can help ______.
A. turn demanding tasks int easier nes
B. distract peple frm negative thughts
C. remind peple t take necessary breaks
D. break lng-term gals int shrter nes
30. What des the underlined wrd “dampened” in Paragraph 4 mst prbably mean?
A. Planned.B. Imbalanced.C. Reduced.D. Activated.
31 Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. When des the state f “flw” ccur?B. What happens in ur brain during “flw”?
C. Why des experiencing “flw” feel s gd?D. Hw can “flw” be achieved in everyday life?
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. C 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。心理学家米哈伊·契克森米哈赖将心流称为“幸福的秘诀”。文章主要解释了为什么体验“心流”的感觉这么好。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“When peple feel flw, they are in a state f intense cncentratin. Their thughts are fcused n an experience rather than n themselves. They lse a sense f time and feel as if their actins and awareness becme ne. Flw ccurs when bth the task’s challenge and skill level are high. (当人们感受到心流时，他们处于高度集中的状态。他们的思想集中在体验上，而不是自己身上。他们失去了时间感，感觉他们的行动和意识融为一体。当任务的挑战性和技能水平都很高时，就会出现心流。)”和“He studied swimmers, music cmpsers, dancers, muntain climbers and ther athletes. He fund ut that s lng as that task’s challenge is high, and s are yur skills, yu shuld be able t achieve flw.(他研究了游泳运动员、作曲家、舞蹈家、登山者和其他运动员。他发现，只要任务的挑战性很高，你的技能也很高，你就应该能够实现心流)”可知，当人们处于高度集中的状态，思想集中在体验上，而不是自己身上，他们失去了时间感，感觉他们的行动和意识融为一体，当任务的挑战性和技能水平都很高时，人们容易出现心流，结合选项可推知，当某人处于与强大的对手下棋时，最容易出现心流，因为此时人们思想高度集中，任务挑战性和技能水平都很高，故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Part f this is because flw can help refcus thughts away frm smething stressful t smething enjyable. In fact, studies have shwn that experiencing flw can help guard against depressin and burnut.(部分原因是心流可以帮助将注意力从压力转移到愉快的事情上。事实上，研究表明，心流可以帮助预防抑郁和倦怠。)”可知，心流被称为“幸福的秘词诀”，部分原因是它可以分散人们对消极想法的注意力，故选B。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“This may help explain why feeling flw can help distract (转移) peple frm wrry.(这或许可以解释为什么感觉心流可以帮助人们转移注意力)”以及划线单词所在句中“Research als shws that flw is assciated with dampened activity in brain structures related t self-fcus and negative thughts.(研究还表明，心流与大脑结构中与自我关注和消极思想相关的活动dampened有关。)”可知，心流可以帮助人们转移注意力，这是因为心流能使大脑结构中与自我关注和消极思想相关的活动减弱，由此可知，划线单词意为“减弱的”，故选C。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Psychlgist Mihály Csíkszentmihályi has called flw as “the secret t happiness.” Flw is a state f psitive experience that each f us can incrprate int ur everyday lives, ne characterized by great jy that makes a life wrth living.(心理学家米哈伊·契克森米哈赖将心流称为“幸福的秘诀”。心流是一种积极体验的状态，我们每个人都可以将其融入到日常生活中，这种状态的特点是极大的快乐，让生活变得有价值)”可知，文章主要解释了为什么体验“心流”的感觉这么好，C项“为什么体验‘心流’的感觉这么好？”适合作文章标题，故选C。
D
I get that parents wrry abut screen time. But speaking as a researcher studying the effects f screen-based experiences, screens can be a great tl fr reading. Digital bks give children unique pprtunities t learn and imprve skills thrugh literacy apps. T that end, I am ne f many researchers in this field wh believe that digital reading shuld nt be cnsidered screen time in the traditinal sense.
With the large number f educatinal technlgical prducts that lack research and gd design, the millin-dllar questin is: What makes a digital stry gd fr children’s learning? Over the past 20 years, researchers have identified specific design features and reading situatins that make sme digital bks mre educatinal than thers. First, it’s crucial that digital bks ffer high-quality persnalized reading experiences. With bks that have AI-based text generatrs and a mre pen-ended design, children becme multimedia creatrs, c-writers and c-illustratrs f their wn stry universe. Secnd, digital bks can significantly enhance the parent-child reading experience. The questins embedded (嵌入的) in digital bks shuld mdel and expand what the parent might ask, and thrugh this mdeling, enhance the quality f parents’ talk arund the bk.
But as much as I supprt digital reading, the cmmercial turn in the develpment f ed tech wrries me, particularly in relatin t prfit-driven design and misuse f children’s data. Like sme scial media, subscriptin libraries turn kids’ attentin int a cmmdity (商品) thrugh autmatic bk recmmendatins. These bks are ften tied t advertising clicks and exhibit lw literary quality in their stries. Furthermre, there’s ften n cntent versight, allwing anyne t becme a publisher, which can lead t the creatin f biased r data-gathering materials targeting children. Generative AI has expanded cntent creatin pssibilities but als raised cncerns abut quality. In this regard, digital bks, like all ed tech, need strict quality checks and imprved cllabratin between researchers and develpers.
Anyway, the digital reading frmat has pened an exciting new research frntier. This includes using real-time data that teachers and ther prfessinals can use t individualize hw children learn t read. AI can be a gd partner in supprting adults’ chice f texts, prmpts and reading activities fr children, prvided it is trained with diverse data and valid reading mdels. As researchers’ calls fr evidence-based children’s ed tech are being heard by gvernments and funders, I hpe the past tw decades f e-bk research can deliver the advantages f digital bks t all children. Like it r nt, I hpe yu’ll see that, at least fr reading, screens can be an amazing tl t teach yur child t read.
32. What is the authr’s attitude twards cunting digital reading as screen time?
A. Supprtive.B. Neutral.C. Cautius.D. Disapprving.
33. Accrding t the passage, digital bks cntribute t ______.
A. mre pen-ended questinsB. quality parent-child interactin
C. persnalized design featuresD. changes in kids’ reading habits
34. What are the majr threats t digital reading?
A. Prfit-driven design and data misuse.B. The strict checks n the cntent.
C. The great number f advertisements.D. Lw literary quality but high prices.
35. What is the purpse f the passage?
A. T highlight the risks f screen time.B. T intrduce sme advances in ed tech.
C. T ffer anther view n digital reading.D. T present the benefits f reading nline.
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了数字阅读对于儿童学习的影响，指出数字书籍可以提供个性化的阅读体验并增强亲子阅读质量，但同时也担忧教育技术发展中的商业化倾向。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Digital bks give children unique pprtunities t learn and imprve skills thrugh literacy apps. T that end, I am ne f many researchers in this field wh believe that digital reading shuld nt be cnsidered screen time in the traditinal sense.”（数字图书通过识字应用程序为孩子们提供了独特的学习和提高技能的机会。为此，我是该领域许多研究人员之一，我们认为数字阅读不应被视为传统意义上的屏幕时间。）可知，作者不赞成把数字阅读算作屏幕时间。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Secnd, digital bks can significantly enhance the parent-child reading experience. The questins embedded (嵌入的) in digital bks shuld mdel and expand what the parent might ask, and thrugh this mdeling, enhance the quality f parents’ talk arund the bk.”（第二，数字图书可以显著提升亲子阅读体验。电子书中嵌入的问题应该模拟和扩展父母可能会问的问题，并通过这种建模，提高父母围绕着书谈话的质量。）可知，数字图书有助于提升亲子互动的质量。故选B项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“But as much as I supprt digital reading, the cmmercial turn in the develpment f ed tech wrries me, particularly in relatin t prfit-driven design and misuse f children’s data.”（尽管我非常支持数字阅读，但教育技术发展中的商业转向让我感到担忧，特别是与利润驱动的设计和滥用儿童数据有关。）可知，利润驱动的设计和数据滥用是数字阅读面临的主要威胁。故选A项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其结合第一段中“I get that parents wrry abut screen time. But speaking as a researcher studying the effects f screen-based experiences, screens can be a great tl fr reading. Digital bks give children unique pprtunities t learn and imprve skills thrugh literacy apps. T that end, I am ne f many researchers in this field wh believe that digital reading shuld nt be cnsidered screen time in the traditinal sense.”（我理解家长们对屏幕时间的担忧。但作为一名研究屏幕体验影响的研究者，屏幕可以成为阅读的一个很好的工具。数字图书通过识字应用程序为孩子们提供了独特的学习和提高技能的机会。为此，我是该领域许多研究人员之一，我们认为数字阅读不应被视为传统意义上的屏幕时间。）和最后一段中“Anyway, the digital reading frmat has pened an exciting new research frntier. This includes using real-time data that teachers and ther prfessinals can use t individualize hw children learn t read.”（无论如何，数字阅读格式已经打开了一个令人兴奋的新研究前沿。这包括使用实时数据，教师和其他专业人员可以使用这些数据来个性化儿童学习阅读的方式。）可知，本文的目的是介绍作者对数字阅读的不同看法，他认为数字阅读有其优势，不应被视为传统意义上的屏幕时间。故选C项。
E
Last year scientists reprted using a neural implant (神经植入物) in a man’s brain t restre his ability t cmmunicate. The man has been partially paralyzed and unable t prduce cmprehensible speech since suffering a severe strke. It is the latest advance in the explding field f brain-cmputer interfaces (接口), r BCIs, which allw cmputers t read infrmatin ut f a living brain.
Brain-cmputer interfaces are pssible because f tw facts. The first is that yur brain cntains hundreds f tiny maps. Each represents specific features f yur physical feelings and intended actins. And crucially, the basic set f brain maps and their lcatins within the brain are very similar acrss individuals.
Thanks t their specialized functins and universal lcatins, brain maps are ideal entry pints fr BCI technlgies. Picking up signals frm a brain map is nly the first step in making a useful BCI. Althugh the lcatin f a brain map is the same acrss individuals, the details — what patterns f activity within the map mean — differ frm persn t persn. In a sense, the unique features f yur specific brain maps serve as a kind f encryptin (加密), safeguarding yur specific thughts and feelings frm wuld-be spies.
That brings us t the secnd fact that makes BCIs pssible. Thanks t advances in machine learning, scientists have develped prgrams that can learn t recgnize key patterns in a vast sea f numbers. They train these prgrams t decde (解码) brain signals by feeding them tns f examples. Researchers develping BCIs ften create such examples by instructing an individual t think specific thughts at specific times, creating a neural curriculum fr the prgram t learn frm.
While the universal features and lcatins f brain maps make them bvius entrances fr BCIs, the unique features f yur brain maps tend t prtect them frm spying eyes. In cases where BCIs have successfully read specific thughts r intentins frm a brain, it has been with the permissin f the individual whse brain was being read. But there are surreptitius ways t train decders n yur brain withut yur knwledge. This can happen if yur neural data falls int the hands f cmpanies with detailed infrmatin abut yur activities.
Like all technlgies, brain-cmputer interfaces are nt necessarily gd r bad. Yet while harvesting the benefits f BCIs, we need t ensure that we have the means t prtect urselves frm crpratins with every mtive t take advantage f this technlgy fr their financial gain.
36. What can we learn abut brain maps?
A. They carry unique messages.
B. They can prcess encrypted signals.
C. Their functins vary frm persn t persn.
D. Their lcatins reveal human thinking patterns.
37. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. BCIs can bst brain signals dramatically.
B. BCIs culd help recver frm brain injuries.
C. Machine learning enables BCIs t read mind.
D. The decding f brain may be affected by BCIs.
38. What des the underlined wrd “surreptitius” in Paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A. Secure.B. Stable.
C. Standard.D. Secret.
39. What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A. The future trend f BCIs.B. The ptential risks f BCIs.
C. The wrking principle f BCIs.D. The general applicatins f BCIs.
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. D 39. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了BCIs（脑机接口）技术及这种技术的工作原理。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“The first is that yur brain cntains hundreds f tiny maps. Each represents specific features f yur physical feelings and intended actins.（首先，你的大脑包含数百张小地图。每一个都代表了你身体感受和预期行为的特定特征。）”可知，每一个脑图都代表了你身体感受和预期行为的特定特征，由此可知，关于脑图，我们能知道它们承载着独特的信息。故选A项。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“Thanks t advances in machine learning, scientists have develped prgrams that can learn t recgnize key patterns in a vast sea f numbers. They train these prgrams t decde (解码) brain signals by feeding them tns f examples. Researchers develping BCIs ften create such examples by instructing an individual t think specific thughts at specific times, creating a neural curriculum fr the prgram t learn frm.（多亏了机器学习的进步，科学家们开发了一些程序，可以学习在浩瀚的数字海洋中识别关键模式。他们通过给这些程序输入大量的例子来训练它们对大脑信号进行解码。开发BCI的研究人员通常通过指导一个人在特定时间思考特定的想法来创建这样的例子，为该程序创建一个可供学习的神经课程。）”可推知，由于机器学习的进步，科学家们开发了一些程序对大脑信号进行解码，进而使BCI能够读懂大脑，由此可知，我们能从这篇文章中推断出机器学习使BCI能够读懂大脑。故选C项。
【38题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线单词所在句中“train decders n yur brain withut yur knwledge（在你不知情的情况下在你的大脑中训练解码器）”可知，在你的大脑中训练解码器的行为是在你不知情的情况下发生的，由此可知，这应该是一些秘密的方式，“Secret”意为“秘密的”，能够代替画线单词在句中所要表达的含义。故选D项。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段关键句“Brain-cmputer interfaces are pssible because f tw facts. The first is that yur brain cntains hundreds f tiny maps.（脑机接口之所以成为可能，有两个原因。首先，你的大脑包含数百张小地图。）”和第四段关键句“That brings us t the secnd fact that makes BCIs pssible. Thanks t advances in machine learning, scientists have develped prgrams that can learn t recgnize key patterns in a vast sea f numbers.（这就引出了第二个让脑机接口成为可能的事实。多亏了机器学习的进步，科学家们开发了一些程序，可以学习在浩瀚的数字海洋中识别关键模式。）”可知，文章主要介绍了脑机接口技术及这种技术的工作原理，C选项“The wrking principle f BCIs.”意为“脑机接口的工作原理”，C选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选C项。
F
Mark Twain has been called the inventr f the American nvel. And he surely deserves additinal praise: the man wh ppularized the clever literary attack n racism (种族主义).
I say clever because anti-slavery fictin had been the imprtant part f the literature in the years befre the Civil War. H. B. Stwe’s Uncle Tm’s Cabin is nly the mst famus example. These early stries dealt directly with slavery. With minr exceptins, Twain planted his attacks n slavery and prejudice (偏见) int tales that were n the surface abut smething else entirely. He drew his readers int the argument by drawing them int the stry.
Again and again, in the pstwar years, Twain seemed frced t deal with the challenge f race. Cnsider the mst cntrversial, at least tday, f Twain’s nvels, Adventures f Huckleberry Finn. Only a few bks have been kicked ff the shelves as ften as Huckleberry Finn, Twain’s mst widely read tale. Once upn a time, peple hated the bk because it struck them as rude. Twain himself wrte that thse wh banned the bk cnsidered the nvel “trash and suitable nly fr the slums (贫民窟).” Mre recently the bk has been attacked because f the character Jim, the escaped slave, and many ccurrences f the wrd nigger. (The term Nigger Jim, fr which the nvel is ften severely criticized, never appears in it.)
But the attacks were and are silly — and miss the pint. The nvel is strngly anti-slavery. Jim’s search thrugh the slave states fr the family frm whm he has been frcibly parted is heric. As J. Chadwick has pinted ut, the character f Jim was a first in American fictin — a recgnitin that the slave had tw persnalities, “the vice f survival within a white slave culture and the vice f the individual: Jim, the father and the man.”
There is much mre. Twain’s mystery nvel Pudd’nhead Wilsn std as a challenge t the racial beliefs f even many f the liberals f his day. Written at a time when the accepted wisdm held Negres t be inferir (低等的) t whites, especially in intelligence, Twain’s tale centered in part arund tw babies switched at birth. A slave gave birth t her master’s baby and, fr fear that the child shuld be sld Suth, switched him fr the master’s baby by his wife. The slave’s light-skinned child was taken t be white and grew up with bth the attitudes and the educatin f the slave-hlding class. The master’s wife’s baby was taken fr black and grew up with the attitudes and intnatins f the slave.
The pint was difficult t miss: nurture (养育), nt nature, was the key t scial status. The features f the black man that prvided the stuff f prejudice — manner f speech, fr example — were, t Twain, indicative f nthing ther than the cnditining that slavery frced n its victims.
Twain’s racial tne was nt perfect. One is left uneasy, fr example, by the lengthy passage in his autbigraphy (自传) abut hw much he lved what were called “nigger shws” in his yuth — mstly with white men perfrming in black-face—and his delight in getting his mther t laugh at them. Yet there is n reasn t think Twain saw the shws as representing reality. His frequent attacks n slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did nt.
Was Twain a racist? Asking the questin in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same f Lincln. If we read the wrds and attitudes f the past thrugh the “wisdm” f the cnsidered mral judgments f the present, we will find nthing but errr. Lincln, wh believed the black man the inferir f the white, fught and wn a war t free him. And Twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a sldier, and inventr f Jim, may have dne mre t anger the natin ver racial injustice and awaken its cllective cnscience than any ther nvelist in the past century.
40. Hw d Twain’s nvels n slavery differ frm Stwe’s?
A. Twain’s themes seemed t agree with plts.
B. Twain’s attack n racism was much less pen.
C. Twain was penly cncerned with racism.
D. Twain was mre willing t deal with racism.
41. Recent criticism f Adventures f Huckleberry Finn arse partly frm its ________.
A. target readers at the bttmB. anti-slavery attitude
C. rather implite languageD. frequent use f “nigger”
42. What best prves Twain’s anti-slavery stand accrding t the authr?
A. The slave’s vice was first heard in American nvels.
B. Jim’s search fr his family was described in detail.
C. Jim grew up int a man and a father in the white culture.
D. Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.
43. The stry f tw babies switched mainly indicates that ________.
A. blacks’ scial psitin was shaped by hw they were brught up
B. slaves were frced t give up their babies t their masters
C. slaves’ babies culd pick up slave-hlders’ way f speaking
D. blacks were brn with certain features f prejudice
44. What des the underlined wrd “they” in Paragraph 7 refer t?
A. The attacks.B. Slavery and prejudiceC. White men.D. The shws.
45. Why des the authr cmpare Twain t Lincln in the passage?
A. T highlight their similar persnal backgrunds.
B. T shw that bth had imperfect views n race by tday's standards.
C. T illustrate hw bth were praised fr their cntributins t literature.
D. T demnstrate that bth had cntrversial public lives.
【答案】40. B 41. D 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过研究马克·吐温的作品，来判定他是否是一名种族主义者。作者列举了大量事实，说明了马克·吐温是名反对种族主义的斗士，反驳了别人那些错误的观点。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“H. B. Stwe’s Uncle Tm’s Cabin is nly the mst famus example. These early stries dealt directly with slavery. With minr exceptins, Twain planted his attacks n slavery and prejudice (偏见) int tales that were n the surface abut smething else entirely. He drew his readers int the argument by drawing them int the stry.(H. B.斯托的《汤姆叔叔的小屋》只是最著名的例子。这些早期故事直接与奴隶制有关。除了一些小的例外，吐温把他对奴隶制和偏见的攻击植入了一些表面上完全不同的故事中。他通过把读者引入故事来吸引他们加入辩论)”可知，吐温关于奴隶制的小说与斯托的不同之处在于吐温对种族主义的攻击就没那么公开。故选B项。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Mre recently the bk has been attacked because f the character Jim, the escaped slave, and many ccurrences f the wrd nigger.(最近，这本书受到了攻击，因为吉姆这个角色，一个逃跑的奴隶，以及黑鬼这个词的多次出现) ”可知，最近对《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》的批评部分源于它频繁使用“黑鬼”一词。故选D项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“As J. Chadwick has pinted ut, the character f Jim was a first in American fictin—a recgnitin that the slave had tw persnalities, ‘the vice f survival within a white slave culture and the vice f the individual: Jim, the father and the man. ’(正如J.查德威克所指出的，吉姆这个角色是美国小说中的第一个角色——承认奴隶有两种性格，‘在白人奴隶文化中生存的声音和个人的声音:吉姆，父亲和男人。’)”可推出，吉姆在白人文化中成长为一个男人和一个父亲，作者认为这最好地证明了吐温反对奴隶制的立场。故选C项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“The pint was difficult t miss: nurture (养育), nt nature, was the key t scial status. The features f the black man that prvided the stuff f prejudice—manner f speech, fr example—were, t Twain, indicative f nthing ther than the cnditining that slavery frced n its victims.(这一点不容忽视：决定社会地位的关键是后天培养，而不是先天。在吐温看来，这个黑人的特征——比如说话方式——只表明奴隶制强加给受害者的条件。)”可推出，两个婴儿互换的故事主要表明黑人的社会地位是由他们的成长环境决定的。故选A项。
【44题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“Yet there is n reasn t think Twain saw the shws as representing reality. His frequent attacks n slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did nt.(然而，我们没有理由认为吐温认为这些表演代表了现实。他对奴隶制和偏见的频繁抨击表明，他敏锐地意识到它们并非如此)”可知，划线词they是指代上文中的表演。故选D项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If we read the wrds and attitudes f the past thrugh the‘wisdm’ f the cnsidered mral judgments f the present, we will find nthing but errr. Lincln, wh believed the black man the inferir f the white, fught and wn a war t free him. And Twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a sldier, and inventr f Jim, may have dne mre t anger the natin ver racial injustice and awaken its cllective cnscience than any ther nvelist in the past century.(如果我们通过对当前道德判断的‘智慧’来解读过去的话语和态度，我们只会发现错误。林肯认为黑人不如白人，他打了一场战争，赢得了这场战争，解放了他。吐温在一个奴隶州长大，曾短暂地成为一名士兵，也是吉姆的发明者，他可能比过去一个世纪的任何其他小说家都更能因种族不公正而激怒国家，唤醒集体良知。)”可知，作者在文章中将吐温与林肯进行了比较，以表明以今天的标准来看，两人对种族的看法都不完美。故选B项。
第三部分：书面表达（共20分）
根据中文提示和所给关键词，将下列句子翻译成英文。（共5小题，每小题4分，共20分）
46. Jim在学校里总是专心听讲，积极思考，有空就做作业。(attentive) (汉译英)
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【答案】Jim always listens attentively, thinks actively, and des hmewrk when he has free time at schl.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、名词和时间状语从句。分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般现在时，表示“Jim总是专心听讲”应用Jim always listens attentively，其中attentively(专心地)为副词作状语；表示“积极思考”应用thinks actively；表示“做作业”应用des hmewrk；用and连接并列的谓语动词；表示“（他）在学校里有空”应用when he has free time at schl，为时间状语从句。故翻译为Jim always listens attentively, thinks actively, and des hmewrk when he has free time at schl.
47. 购物前，能够比较不同网店的质量和价格，非常方便。(cnvenient) (汉译英)
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【答案】It’s cnvenient t be able t cmpare the quality and prices frm different nline shps befre shpping.
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和不定式。本句话使用固定句型“It is +cnvenient+t d sth.”的结构，意为“做某事是方便的”，cnvenient为形容词“方便的”。“能够做某事”可以用短语“be able t d sth.”；“比较”可用动词cmpare，“不同网店的质量和价格”可以翻译为“the quality and prices frm different nline shps”；“购物前”可翻译为“befre shpping”，在句中作状语。故翻译为It’s cnvenient t be able t cmpare the quality and prices frm different nline shps befre shpping.
48. 离开的想法曾在脑海中闪过，但是他很快就放弃了这个念头，并且找到了应对挑战的办法。(flash thrugh) (汉译英)
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【答案】The thught f leaving nce flashed thrugh his mind, but he quickly gave up n the idea and fund ways t deal with the challenges.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语、时态和并列句。句子描述发生在过去的事情，时态要用一般过去时；表示“……的想法”应用短语 the thught f...，位于句首，需首字母大写；表示“离开”应用动词leave，作介词f的宾语，需用动名词形式；表示“曾经”应用副词nce，作状语；表示“闪过”应用动词短语flash thrugh，作谓语；表示“他的脑海”应用短语his mind，作宾语；表示“但是”应用连词but；表示“放弃；对……不抱希望”应用动词短语give up n，作并列句的谓语；表示“这个念头”应用短语the idea ，作宾语；表示“并且”应用连词and；表示“找到做某事的办法”应用动词短语find ways t d sth.，作并列句的谓语；表示“应对挑战”应用动词短语deal with the challenges。故翻译为：The thught f leaving nce flashed thrugh his mind, but he quickly gave up n the idea and fund ways t deal with the challenges.
49. 我们班已经为运动会准备了大量的水和巧克力。(prepare) (汉译英)
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【答案】Our class has prepared plenty f water and chclate fr the sprts meeting.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。本句采用现在完成时，表示过去发生或已经完成的动作，对现在造成的影响或结果。表示“我们班”应用短语ur class，作主语，表示一个整体，看做单数，助动词需用has，位于句首，需首字母大写；表示“为……做好准备”应用动词短语；表示“大量的水和巧克力”应用短语plenty f water and chclate，作宾语；表示“运动会”应用名词短语the sprts meeting，作宾语。故翻译为：Our class has prepared plenty f water and chclate fr the sprts meeting.。
50. Jim觉得很激动，因为这个学校和他以前的学校在很多方面不一样。(differ) (汉译英)
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【答案】Jim feels very excited because this schl differs in many ways frm his previus schl.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句子陈述的是客观事实，时态要用一般现在时。表示“感到非常兴奋”用feel very excited，主语为Jim，是单数主语，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式；表示“因为”用连词because，连接前后两个句子，构成因果关系。表示“这个学校”用this schl，作主语；表示“与……不同”用动词短语differ frm...；表示“在很多方面”用in many ways，作状语；表示“他之前的学校”用his previus schl，作宾语。故翻译为Jim feels very excited because this schl differs in many ways frm his previus schl.Hygge has been ppular in the UK fr ver a year. It means t create a relaxed and cmfrtable md. It can be felt by relaxing activities like chatting with friends. Besides, hygge is als abut learning t be happy with simple things. This really resnated (共鸣) with me. I feel stressed at hme because my small flat is packed with much stuff. I decide t thrw the things that dn’t hld memries. Ding this wuld help me feel hygge.
Last year, lagm, a Swedish wrd meaning “just the right amunt”, became ppular. Lagm is abut seeking a balance f wrk and life. It’s als abut living mre sustainably (可持续地) by saving mre energy, creating less waste and recycling mre.
Next year, I wn’t have t replace things s ften. Plus, I keep thinking abut recycling and hping t save as much mney as pssible. S, I can get n bard with lagm.
Cming frm Japan, wabi sabi is abut finding beauty in imperfectin. Wabi refers t the failings in the prductin prcess, which makes an bject special. Sabi describes the beauty that cmes with age. The traditin f wabi sabi can ffer a new way t view ur hmes. I am a perfectinist and I keep my hme tidy. But nw, my girls put their tys everywhere. S, I have t see the mess and accept the imperfectins.
In the Japanese cncept, ikigai means “a reasn fr being”, which can bring satisfactin and meaning t life. Many peple believe ikigai can be fund at what yu are gd at and what yu lve ding. Fr me, it is blgging. This year I can d mre writing tasks that interest me. And if I ntice the things that bring me n jy, I can stay away frm them in the future. Hpefully, this will help me t lead a mre meaningful life.