选择性必修第一册　Unit 5　Working the Land-2025年高考英语大一轮复习（课件+讲义+练习）

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Unit 5　Wrking the Land
hybrid n.杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车crisis n.(pl.crises)危机；危急关头characteristic n.特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的cnventinal adj.传统的；习惯的pllinate vt.授粉；传粉
dmestic adj.本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的strain n.(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力celebrity n.名望；名誉；名人；名流envisin vt.展望；想象srghum n.高粱；高粱米
brm n.扫把；扫帚；金雀花grain n.谷物；谷粒；颗粒urban adj.城市的；都市的；城镇的bmb n.炸弹 vt.轰炸；对……投炸弹tunnel n.地下通道；地道；隧道
wheat n.小麦；小麦籽flavur(NAmE -vr) n.味道；特点；特色fertiliser(NAmE -izer) n.肥料pverty n.贫穷；贫困rganic adj.有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的
pesticide n.杀虫剂；除害药物bacterium n.(pl.bacteria)细菌grcery n.食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货
tackle vt.解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理bst vt.使增长；使兴旺 n.增长；提高；激励yield n.产量；产出 vt.出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服；让步
attain vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到intense adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的vercme vt.(vercame，vercme)克服；解决；战胜utput n.产量；输出；输出量 vt.(utput，utput)输出
estimate vt.估计；估价；估算 n.估计；估算cmprise vt.包括；包含；由……组成generate vt.产生；引起leisure n.闲暇；休闲；空闲sil n.泥土；土壤；国土；领土
visin n.想象；视力；视野；影像reality n.现实；实际情况；事实alleviate vt.减轻；缓解widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的
digest vt.& vi.消化 vt.领会；领悟 n.摘要；文摘essential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的mineral n.矿物；矿物质alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的
instance n.例子；实例；事例batch n.一批；一组 vt.分批处理rt n.根；根茎；根部；根源aspect n.方面；层面
devte vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devtin n.奉献；忠诚；挚爱→devted adj.挚爱的；全心全意的；忠诚的shrtage n.不足；缺少；短缺→shrt adj.短的；矮的；缺乏的；简略的
cnvince vt.使相信；使确信；说服→cnvincing adj.有说服力的；使人信服的→cnvinced adj.确信的；坚信的assumptin n.假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得→assume v.假定；设想；承担→assuming cnj.假定；假设
expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加 vt.扩展；发展(业务)→expansin n.扩大；扩张；扩充cnsumptin n.消耗；消耗量；消费→cnsume vt.消耗；消费；吃；喝→cnsumer n.消费者；用户；客户
salty adj.含盐的；咸的→salt n.盐extensin n.扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→extend vt.伸开；展开；延伸→extensive adj.广阔的；大规模的；广泛的
chemical adj.与化学有关的；化学的 n.化学制品；化学品→chemistry n.化学→chemically adv.化学上地→chemist n.化学家；药剂师
nutritinal adj.营养(物)的→nutritius adj.有营养的；营养丰富的→nutritin n.营养；滋养
depth n.向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deep adj.深的→deeply adv.深深地；强烈地→deepen vt.加深；(使)变深
entirely adv.全部地；完整地；完全地→entire adj.全部的；完全的
[拔高词汇] 背选修词汇
trustwrthy /'trʌstwɜːði/ adj.值得信任的；可靠的empathy /'empəθi/ n.同感；共情→empathetic /ˌempə'θetɪk/ adj.同感的；共情的be/feel jealus f 嫉妒；羡慕
split /splɪt/ vi.& vt.(split，split) 分成；分裂；分担 n.分裂；裂缝distress /dɪ'stres/ n.忧虑；悲伤flurish /'flʌrɪʃ/ vi.& vt.成功；健康成长；繁荣
cheer sb up使……振作或高兴tie t与……联系在一起cmprmise /'kɒmprəmaɪz/ vt.& vi.妥协；让步；折中reluctant /rɪ'lʌktənt/ adj.不情愿的；勉强的
把……用于；献身；致力；专心be cmprised f包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)deep dwn在内心深处；本质上；实际上in turn相应地；转而；依次；轮流fr instance例如；比如
be like...像……fulfil ne’s dreams 实现某人的梦想in fact事实上turn t转向；求助于be ready fr为……做准备
Hwever，what cncerned him mst was that farmers ften had pr harvests and smetimes even had a serius shrtage f fd t eat.(that引导的表语从句)然而，他最关心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。Hw this culd be dne was a challenging questin at the time.(hw引导的主语从句)如何实现这一目标成为当时一个颇具挑战性的问题。
Hwever，whether it was pssible t develp a hybrid f self-pllinating plants such as rice was a matter f great debate. (whether引导的主语从句)然而，是否可能开发出水稻等自花授粉作物的杂交品种，仍众说纷纭。
Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy，ne might think he wuld have retired t a life f leisure.(given that引导的原因状语从句)考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
Why different crps are grwn is that they put imprtant minerals back int the grund，making it ready fr the next batch f crps.(why引导的主语从句；that引导的表语从句)种植不同作物是为了把重要的矿物质重新放回土壤之中，让土壤为下一批作物(的种植)做好准备。
1.crisis n.__________________ n._______________________
本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的
名望；名誉；名人；名流
6.grcery n.___________[pl.] _________7.urban n.____________
城市的；都市的；城镇的
有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的
1. vt.解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理2. vt.使增长；使兴旺 n.增长；提高；激励3. vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到4. n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的
alternative
5. vt.克服；解决；战胜6. adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的7. vt.估计；估价；估算 n.估计；估算
8. vt.& vi.消化 vt.领会；领悟 n.摘要；文摘9. n.闲暇；休闲；空闲10. adj.完全必要的；极其重要的
1. vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→ n.奉献；忠诚；热爱→ adj.挚爱的；全心全意的；忠诚的2. vt.使相信；使确信；说服→ adj.有说服力的；使人信服的→ adj.确信的；坚信的
3. adj.含盐的；咸的→ n.盐4. n.扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→ vt.伸开；展开；延伸→ adj.广阔的；大规模的；广泛的
5. adj.营养(物)的→ adj.有营养的；营养丰富的→ n.营养；滋养
1.trustwrthy 对……表达同情3.________________嫉妒；羡慕4.___________使……振作或高兴5.reluctant adj._________________
express empathy fr
be/feel jealus f
cheer sb up
1. 把……用于；献身；致力；专心2. 事实上3. 像……4. 在内心深处；本质上；实际上5. 为……做准备
be ready fr
1.He is s t his English teaching that everyne admires him fr his and he his spare time t writing shrt stries.(devte)2.As is knwn t all，as ，we a lt f fd every year and the huge causes great pressure t ur gvernment. (cnsume)3.Since I was yung，I have been interested in and _________ changes and nw I have becme a .(chemistry)
4.We will discuss the prblem in t ur understanding s that we can understand it .(depth)5.Mre and mre cuntries in the wrld are f water，and glbal water are becming increasingly serius.(shrt)6.On the that I am chsen as the chairman，I will definitely ________ relevant respnsibility and I cme acrss thse in truble，I will help them.(assume)
7.The bk is an f a series f lectures given last year，s yu are capable f yur knwledge by reading it.(expand)8.I supprt yu and thus，yu can tell me yur plan. (entire)
1.All f the students answered the teacher’s questins ，which made the teacher quite talk gradually the change that had taken place in the city.
be cmprised f，in turn，fulfil ne’s dreams，turn t，fr instance
3.Many great men have risen frm pverty—Lincln and Edisn， class six grups and each grup will discuss sme difficult prblems after class.5.I have been studying hard with the bjective f .
is cmprised f
fulfilling my dreams
1.给我印象最深的是，每当我遇到困难时，我的叔叔都会激励我坚持我的梦想。(that引导的表语从句)What impresses me mst is _______________________________________________________ whenever I cme acrss difficulties.
that my uncle will always mtivate me t
stick t my dream
2.如何能说服大卫接受挑战是我正在思考的事情。(hw引导的主语从句)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写) was what I was thinking abut.3.我们能否保护海洋取决于我们从现在起将会做些什么。(whether引导的主语从句)(2022·全国甲，书面表达) depends n what we will d frm nw n.
Hw I culd persuade David t accept the challenge
Whether we can prtect ur ceans
4.鉴于你对中国传统文化如此感兴趣，我邀请你参加我们学校的文化艺术节。(given that引导的原因状语从句) ，I invite yu t take part in the Culture and Art Festival in ur schl.5.我经常读英文报是因为它对我英语学习的进步有很大的帮助。(why引导的主语从句；that引导的表语从句)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)________________________________________________________________________________ in English learning.
Given that yu are s interested in traditinal Chinese culture
Why I regularly read the English newspaper is that it cntributes a lt t my prgress
Our class is cmprised f thirty students，mst f 1. cme frm the cuntryside in pverty.Deep dwn，all f us envisin 2._________(us) attaining respectful jbs in urban cities in the near future.Dreams 3._______(rt) in ur hearts，we wrk hard and devte urselves t ur study all days.We are greatly cnvinced that nly if we spare n effrt t wrk can we braden ur visin and bst ur ability 4. (tackle) crises.
We learn by cmbining cnventinal learning methds 5. mdern nes t expand ur knwledge s as t utput what we have learned in the future.Certainly,6. is essential that we shuldn’t yield t difficulties.Indeed，t much hmewrk tends t generate much strain and we will be vercme with anxiety when nt 7. (digest) what we are taught，but we have alternative methds t alleviate ur frustratin.Fr instance，we can relax urselves in leisure time.Besides，
keeping a nutritius diet is als essential even thugh we have a 8._________(shrt) f mney.On the assumptin that we always have such 9.____ intense and widespread interest in study，it is estimated that we can put ur dreams int reality，which in turn can enable us t live a 10.______(gd) life that we have been lking frward t.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于(常与介词t连用)(devted adj.挚爱的；忠诚的 devtin n.奉献；忠诚；挚爱)
· (ding) sth 把……奉献给；把……专注于；献身；致力 devte neself t (ding) sth 致力于(做)某事；献身于(做)某事·be devted t (ding) sth 专心于(做)某事；致力于(做)某事
(1)The reasn fr ur (devte) t her is that she _________(devte) her time t (reduce) pllutin at an early age.
(2)Yuan Lngping devted himself t studying hybrid rice and he was respected by peple all ver the wrld.(话题写作之人物介绍)→ ，Yuan Lngping was respected by peple all ver the wrld.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)→ ，Yuan Lngping was respected by peple all ver the wrld.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
Devting himself t studying hybrid rice
Devted t studying hybrid rice
vt.使相信；使确信；说服(cnvinced adj.确信的；坚信的 cnvincing adj.令人信服的)
·cnvince sb f sth 使某人确信/明白某事 cnvince sb t d sth 说服某人做某事 cnvince sb that...使某人相信……·be cnvinced (that...)/f...(某人)坚信……
(1)S is yur speech that I’m that all students will benefit a lt frm it.(cnvince)
(2)你在危机中的表现使我们相信你有能力应对紧急情况，并使我们相信能把这项重要任务交给你。Yur perfrmance in the crisis has ___________________________________________ and cnvinced us .(3)我坚信，通过这次讲座，我们不仅可以了解中国文学，而且可以提高我们对中国传统文化的兴趣。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
cnvinced us f yur ability t tackle
emergencies
t hand the imprtant task t yu
I’m firmly cnvinced that thrugh the lecture nt nly can we get the hang f Chinese literature，but als we can bst ur interest in traditinal Chinese culture.
n.假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得(assume v.假定；设想；承担；假装 assuming cnj.假如)
·n the assumptin that...假定…… make an assumptin 作出臆断·assume sb/sth (t be)＋adj./n.假定/认为某人/某事(为)…… It is generally assumed that...人们普遍认为……·assuming (that)...假设……
(1)Deep dwn they assumed her (be) the best singer f their time.(2)假如我被选为学生会主席，我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动以丰富我们的学校生活。(应用文写作之申请信)______________________________________________________________________________，I will rganize mre clrful after-class activities t enrich ur schl life.
On the assumptin that/Assuming that I am chsen t be chairman f the
Student Cuncil
(3)Peple assume that drinking Chinese tea can nt nly refresh urselves but als strengthen ur memry.(话题写作之传统文化)→________________________________________________________________________________________________________(用it作形式主语和nt als...的倒装句改写)
It is generally assumed that nt nly can drinking Chinese tea refresh urselves but als it can strengthen ur memry.
n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的(alternatively adv.可供选择地)
have n alternative but t d sth 别无选择只好做某事an alternative t...……的替代品
(1)On the assumptin that yu are available，I can cme t yur huse，r (alternative)，we can meet in the twn.
alternatively
(2)面对海洋令人担忧的现状，人类别无选择只能彼此合作解决这个海洋危机。毕竟，世界上没有东西可以是海洋的替代品。(2022·全国甲，书面表达)Faced with the wrrying current situatin f ceans，human beings ______________________________________________ t tackle the cean crisis.After all，nthing in the wrld can __________________ ceans.
have n alternative but t cperate with each ther
be an alternative t
转而；相应地；反过来；依次；轮流
by turns轮流take turns t d sth 轮流做某事It is ne’s turn t d sth. 轮到某人做某事。turn ut结果是；生产；制造
用turn短语的正确形式填空Sme student representatives (1) t deliver speeches at the cming-f-age ceremny.Finally，it (2) .Persnally，in the past it was ur parents and teachers that helped us in many aspects and (3) ，we shuld give a helping hand t them frm nw n.Fr instance，we and ur parents can d husewrk (4) .It (5)_________ that the ceremny makes a great difference t us.(2020·天津，书面表达)
was my turn
Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy，ne might think he wuld have retired t a life f leisure.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
given that引导的原因状语从句
given that＋从句，用来说明已知事实，表示“鉴于，考虑到”。
(1)鉴于你对中国的传统节日端午节非常感兴趣，我写信向你介绍这一节日。(话题写作之传统文化) —Dragn Bat Festival，I am writing t intrduce it t yu.(2)考虑到我们学生需要更多的身体锻炼，我校上周日将举行了一次越野赛跑。 (2020·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作) ，ur schl rganized a crss-cuntry running race last Sunday.
Given that yu are keen n the traditinal Chinese festival
Given that we students need mre physical exercise
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
(1)I nly read this digest f the nvel，s I dn’t knw the details.(2)I haven’t entirely digested what he said just nw.(3)Cattle-raising peple in East Africa and nrthern Eurpe have gained a mutatin(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults. (2020·全国Ⅲ)
_______________
(1)T everyne’s shck，in the final game Sweden easily vercame France. (2)His parents were vercme with great srrw at his grandpa’s funeral. (3)In additin，their smile-t-life attitude even in such tugh situatins als inspired me t vercme any difficulties in life.
____________
3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的汉语意思(1)I will never yield t the temprary difficulties I am facing nw.(2)The musical was a cmplete bmb n Bradway.(3)There are alternatives t cnstant written cmmunicatin，such as leaving vice messages r having a grup chat.(2022·全国乙)
_____________________________
1.I think we shuld devte much mre time t (adjust) t the new envirnment.2.A (shrt) f reliable evidence is likely t lead t the suspect’s being assessments were based n the (assume) that huse prices wuld remain steady.4.I have n alternative but (ask) him fr an apprpriate way t slve the prblem.
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
5.The educatrs in this schl tk turns (deliver) a speech in the rural is essential that he (get) sme reliable infrmatin befre making under the water，the machines were als able t send signals frm the (deep) f 20,000 t the educatr，the cmmittee is cmprised _____ representatives frm bth the public and private sectrs.
(shuld) get
9.T turn their dreams int a (real)，the twins wrk very made me thrilled was I culd distinguish between this kind f flwer and anther ne.
1.我相信，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平是中国农业发展中最具影响力的人物之一。(cnvince)_______________________________________________________________2.他毕生致力于研发高产水稻品种，这些品种极大地增加了中国的粮食产量，并帮助许多发展中国家缓解了饥饿。(devte；alleviate；定语从句)_______________________________________________________________3.面对研究经费和先进研究设备的短缺，他没有放弃，而是竭尽全力逐个克服这些困难。(shrtage；vercme)_______________________________________________________________
4.鉴于他已经实现了自己想要的，很多人可能会认为他会退休过悠闲的生活，但他没有。(given that...)_______________________________________________________________5.即使在晚年，他仍在不断地追求梦想，研发产量更高的品种，这对我们所有人都是一种激励。(strain；yield；定语从句)_______________________________________________________________
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I am cnvinced that Yuan Lngping，knwn as the“Father f Hybrid Rice”，is ne f the mst influential figures in China’s agricultural develpment.He devted his entire life t develping high-yield rice varieties，which have greatly increased China’s fd prductin and helped alleviate hunger in many develping cuntries.He was a persn f high perseverance and determinatin.Faced with the shrtage f research funds and advanced research equipment，he didn’t give up but spared n effrt t vercme them ne by ne.Withut his effrts，many peple in the wrld might still stay in hunger.
Given that he had achieved what he wanted，many peple might think he wuld have retired t a life f leisure，but he didn’t.He kept n dreaming up and develping strains with higher yields even in his later years，which serves as an inspiratin t us all.
动作细节描写：眼部动作
农业丰收In spite f the weather disaster，farmers ①_________________________________ had bravely vercme all difficulties and lked frward t a gd harvest.Indeed，instead f pr harvests，②________________________________________.All villagers came t witness the exciting harvest time.Seeing the glden wheat field stretching as far as they can see，③ .Even the ld wh culdn’t wrk n the land came.
had bravely vercme
all difficulties
it was estimated
that a bst may be pssible
their eyes were shining with jy and excitement
They ④ ，talked with smiles and praised the yung busy with harvesting.Sme children gathered tgether，⑤______________________________(独立主格结构) that fr unknwn reasns had lst ne leg.All in all，peple whether in the field r n the grund ⑥______ .
narrwed their eyes
fixed n sme crickets
vercme with such an harmnius scene