新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题16 记叙文类七选五（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题16 记叙文类七选五（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题16记叙文类七选五原卷版doc、新高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题16记叙文类七选五解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共129页， 欢迎下载使用。
1.题材以说明文为主,但应注意考查记叙文、议论文的可能性，复习时也应注意；
2.包含新课标中的全部主题语境，但以人与社会主题为主；
4.标题时有时无；
3.设空以短中、段首为主，段中是考察重点，断尾一般最多设一题；
一、思维导图

1. 七选五文章结构
七选五的语篇结构有以下四种类型：
七选五通常是“总—分(—总)”结构，偶尔是“总—分—分”结构，把握住这个”总—分(—总)”的整体结构和段际关系，对于标题类和主题句类设空的解答大有帮助。
2020新高考Ⅱ卷
Talking with yur dctr
Talking freely with yur dctr can make yu feel better… Here are sme tips fr talking with yur dctr.
● Stay psitive.
● Keep track f hw yu are feeling.
● ____39____
Yur medical histry is a list f yur illnesses, treatments, what the dctrs tld yu t d, and anything else yu think yur dctr shuld knw. Als, if yu are allergic (过敏) t any medicines, be sure t mentin that t yur dctr.
● Ask questins.
2.掌握语篇的衔接手段
语篇的衔接手段主要有语法手段(如指代等)和词汇手段(如复现关系、同现关系等)。
(1)语法手段(指代)
凡在选项中或空格前、后句中遇到代词，我们要思考该代词替代上文中的什么内容，意义是否通顺。如：
(2020年全国Ⅱ卷)
In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play. ____36____. It’s been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.
D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally
G. An easy way t bring all wrk generatins tgether is with a chat platfrm
(2) 词汇手段(复现/同现)
① 词语复现：如果空格前、后句中与正确选项中含有相同的一个或几个词，叫原词或同词复现；如果前后句与选项中没有相同的词，但有同义表达，叫同义复现。
(2020年新高考Ⅱ卷)
● Keep track f hw yu are feeling.
____38____ This will make it easier fr yu t answer questins abut yur symptms (症状) and hw medicines make yu feel. It als makes it easier fr yu t bring up anything that yu are wrried abut. Make sure t be hnest abut hw yu feel and hw lng yu’ve felt that way.
C. Yu can talk t anther dctr if the treatments dn’t wrk.
D. Befre yur dctr’s visit, keep ntes n hw yu are feeling.
② 词语同现：就是有相互关联的词语在上下文中有同时出现的可能性。如schl, teacher, student, headmaster, class, test, fail, pass, learn等词就有可能在同一篇文章中同时出现。如：
(2014全国Ⅰ卷)
Yur children need t be deeply curius. ____37____Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add t make these pancakes even better next time?”
A. Encurage kids t ck with yu.
C. We can give kids chances t think abut materials in new ways.
③ 结构复现：就是句子结构重复出现，常有als作为标志词。如：
(2019全国Ⅱ卷)
____37____Mre than that, hw shuld yu stay mtivated t achieve the gal? First, yu need t evaluate yurself, yur values, yur strengths, yur weaknesses, yur achievements, yur desires, etc. Only then shuld yu set yur gals.
B. S hw shuld yu mtivate yurself?
D. S why shuld we try t set specific gals?
3.把握句际的逻辑关系
(1) 总分关系:要求考生根据“总(主题句)”选“分(支撑句或分述句)”,也可能根据“分”选“总”。如：
(2020年全国Ⅰ卷)
____37____ D nt fllw the peple wh make yu feel nt-gd-enugh. Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn; yu are the nly yu in this wrld.
F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.
G. When des the cmparisn game start?
(2) 转折关系:
(2015全国Ⅰ卷)
… lk at everything yu still have and be thankful fr all f the gd in yur life. 40 Instead, it’s a healthy way t wrk thrugh the experience t allw rm fr psitive grwth and frgiveness.
D. Remember that yu can expect the best in return.
G. Seeing the psitive side f things desn’t mean yu’re ignring what happened.
(3) 因果关系:
(2019全国Ⅱ卷)
Yu als need t judge the quality and depth f yur mtivatin. This is quite imprtant, because it is directly related t yur cmmitment. There are times when yur heart is nt in yur wrk.____39____S, slw dwn and think what yu really want t d at that mment. Clarity (清晰) f thughts can help yu mve frward.
A. This can affect yur wrk.
E. They can change accrding t circumstances.
(4) 举例或列举关系:
(2016年Ⅲ卷)
Everyne knws that fish is gd fr health. __39__ But it seems that many peple dn’t ck fish at hme.
F. When buying fish, yu shuld first smell it.
G. The fats in fish are thught t help prevent heart disease.
4.重视语篇的明显标志
(1) 行文标志:
(2018全国Ⅱ卷)
●Yur prductivity is imprved. Exercising makes yu mre awake…
●Yur metablism (新陈代谢) gets a head start.…
● 39 Studies fund that peple wh wke up early fr exercise slept better than thse wh exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes yu, s it is mre difficult t relax and have a peaceful sleep when yu are very excited.
A. Yu will stick t yur diet.
B. Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C. Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
(2) 标点符号:
(2015全国Ⅱ卷)
During the first week, d nt think abut distance, but run five minutes lnger each day. 38 , it is wise t take a day ff t rest. But during the next week, set a gal f at least a mile and a half per run.
A. After six days
B. Fr a gd marathn runner

2. 七选五文章解题策略
▲试题的位置不同，解题策略也不同
（1）若问题在段首 （i）通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。 （ii）与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找 相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意思上是衔接的，所以通常情况下，这两句话中会有某种的衔接手段。 （iii）段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
（2）若问题在段尾 （i）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。 （ii）通常是结论、概括性语句。要注意表示总结的信号词，如therefre, as a result, hence, thus, t sum up, t cnclude, in shrt, in a wrd等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。 （iii）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所 讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。 （vi）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此 根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系 的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他信号线索。前面的一句与正确答案的第一 句是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的线索词句。（i）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头 是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。（iv）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主 题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。
（3）若问题是一整个自然段 （i）承上启下是这个段落的主要任务，且自成一体，所以会有一个该段落主旨。考生可以从选项中较长的选项开始阅读，以此类推直至找到正确答案。 （ii）着重阅读前一段结尾和后一段开头的一两句查找相关的线索，而且重要线索通常会在后一段开头， 因此后一段开头往往比前一段结尾更为重要。 （iii）分析段落之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，就能得出正确答案。
简单来说，最主要的两个步骤就是1.理清文章的逻辑和结构，2.在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。

高考真题
一、2022年高考真题
【2022年全国甲卷】
Yu can tell a lt abut a man by hw he treats his dgs.
Fr many years, I enjyed living with my dgs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___41___ was nearly enugh t keep my lneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___42___. When I first dated Steve, I ___43___ he had a dg, Mlly, and a cat, Flra. While I was ___44___ that he was an animal lver, I ___45___ that three dgs were perhaps t many, and my dgs might attack ___46___, the cat.
The next week we ___47___ ur dgs tgether. It was a ht day. When we paused t catch ur ___48___, Steve gt dwn n ne knee. Was he prpsing (求婚)? I liked him t, but s ___49___? He pured water frm a bttle int his hand and ffered it t my dgs. ______50______, I began t fall fr him.
We ______51______ t date, thugh neither f us brught up the future. And then in late Nvember, Tilly had an peratin n her ______52______. I tk the dgs ut fur times a day, and I wrried that Tilly ______53______ climbing the stairs culd repen the wund. Then Steve ______54______ his huse. All wrked ______55______. The three dgs frmed a pack that, with caching, ______56______ Flra’s space; Steve and I frmed a gd team ______57______ fr Tilly. We made gd husemates.
A year later, much t my ______58______, this man prduced a little bx with a ring and prpsed t me. He did nt kneel (跪) dwn, nr did I ______59______ him t. That’s nly fr giving ______60______ t the dgs that brught us tgether.
41. A. wnershipB. membershipC. cmpaninshipD. leadership
42. A. reservatinsB. expectatinsC. cnfidenceD. prejudice
43. A. fearedB. dubtedC. hpedD. learned
44. A. unsatisfiedB. amusedC. terrifiedD. thrilled
45. A. predictedB. wrriedC. regrettedD. insisted
46. A. FlraB. ChanceC. MllyD. Tilly
47. A. tiedB. walkedC. bathedD. fed
48. A. breathB. balanceC. attentinD. imaginatin
49. A. calmB. sureC. snD. real
50. A. By the wayB. In that caseC. By all meansD. In that mment
51. A. cntinuedB. decidedC. intendedD. pretended
52. A. eyeB. tailC. earD. leg
53. A. secretlyB. cnstantlyC. eventuallyD. unwillingly
54. A. leftB. sldC. suggestedD. searched
55. A. lateB. hardC. fineD. free
56. A. emptiedB. respectedC. ccupiedD. discvered
57. A. lkingB. caringC. waitingD. calling
58. A. delightB. creditC. interestD. disadvantage
59. A. begB. trustC. needD. aid
60. A. tysB. awardsC. fdD. water
【答案】
C
42. A
43. D
44. D
45. B
46. A
47. B
48. A
49. C
50. D
51. A
52. D
53. B
54. C
55. C
56. B
57. B
58. A
59. C
60. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很多，作者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起，去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会，但有所保留，因为一次遛狗时史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生好感，在之后的接触中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顾作者的爱犬，一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。A. wnership所有权；B. membership会员；C. cmpaninship陪伴；D. leadership领导。由上文的“Fr many years, I enjyed living with my dgs, Tilly and Chance. (多年来，我喜欢和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一起，可得出狗狗陪伴着作者，让作者远离孤独。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，我开始约会，但有所保留。A. reservatins保留；B. expectatins期望；C. cnfidence信心；D. prejudice偏见。由下文的“He pured water frm a bttle int his hand and ffered it t my dgs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和“I began t fall fr him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗时，因为史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者才对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出刚开始约会时，因为不熟悉史蒂夫的品行，作者还是有所保留的。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫Mlly的狗和一只名叫Flra的猫。A. feared恐惧；B. dubted怀疑；C. hped希望；D. learned得知。由上文的“When I first dated Steve (当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时)”和常识可知，第一次约会会得知对方相关情况，作者从而得知史蒂夫有一只狗和一只猫。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我狗可能会攻击猫Flra。A. unsatisfied不满意的；B. amused愉快的；C. terrified害怕的；D. thrilled非常开心的。由下文的“he was an animal lver (他是一个动物爱好者)”可知，得知史蒂夫是一个动物爱好者，多年和两只爱犬生活在一起的作者应该是感到愉快高兴。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flra。A. predicted预测；B. wrried担心；C. regretted后悔；D. insisted坚持。由下文的“three dgs were perhaps t many, and my dgs might attack 6 the cat (三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫)”可知，作者认为三条狗可能太多了，且自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫，针对这种情况，作者是担忧的。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flra。A. Flra弗洛拉；B. Chance机会；C. Mlly莫莉；D. Tilly蒂莉。选项指的是文中动物名词。由上文的“he had a dg, Mlly, and a car, Flra (他有一条名叫Mlly的狗和一只名叫Flra的猫)”可知，此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flra。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们一起遛狗。A. tied系；B. walked牵着（动物）走；C. bathed沐浴；D. fed喂养。由本处的“ 7 ur dgs tgether (一起……我们的狗)”以及下文“When we paused”可知，作者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们停下来休息时，史蒂夫单膝跪下。A. breath呼吸；B. balance平衡；C. attentin注意力；D. imaginatin想象。由上文的“It was a ht day. When we paused (那是一个炎热的日子。当我们停下)”可知，那天很热，遛狗的二人停下来休息一下，catch ne’s breath (休息一下、歇一口气)。 故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也喜欢他，但这么快？A. calm冷静的；B. sure确定的；C. sn很快的；D real真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he prpsing (求婚)? (他在求婚吗)”可知，二人才认识两周，作者以为史蒂夫要向自己求婚，认为进展太快了。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我开始爱上他。A. By the way顺便说一句；B. In that case那样的话；C. By all means务必；D. In that mment那一刻。由上文的“He pured water frm a bttle int his hand and ffered it t my dgs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和下文的“I began t fall fr him (我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续约会，虽然我们都没有提到未来。A. cntinued继续；B. decided决定；C. intended打算；D. pretended假装。由上文的“I began t fall fr him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出二人会继续约会。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：11月下旬，Tilly的腿做了一次手术。A. eye眼睛；B. tail尾巴；C. ear耳朵；D. leg腿。由下文的“I wrried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs culd repen the wund (我担心Tilly爬楼梯会使伤口重新裂开)”可知，作者担心爬楼会影响Tilly的伤口，可得出Tilly的腿做了手术。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一天带狗出去四次，我担心Tilly不断地爬楼梯会使伤口重新裂开。A. secretly秘密地；B. cnstantly不断地；C. eventually最终；D. unwillingly不情愿地。由上文的“I tk the dgs ut fur times a day (我一天带狗出去四次)”可知，作者一天带狗出去四次，可得出狗狗（包括Tilly）要不断地爬楼梯。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫离开了他的房子。A. left离开；B. sld卖；C. suggested建议，推荐；D. searched搜寻。由下文的“We made gd husemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，二人成为室友。可以推断出来，因为害怕作者的狗爬楼梯不方便，所以建议作者搬过去一起住。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很好。A. late晚的；B. hard困难的；C. fine好的；D. free自由的。由下文的“The three dgs frmed a pack (这三条狗组成了一个团队)”和“Steve and I frmed a gd team (史蒂夫和我组成了一个好团队)”“We made gd husemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相处友好，作者和史蒂夫相处也友好，可得出一切都好。故选C项。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flra的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. emptied清空；B. respected尊重；C. ccupied占据；D. discvered发现。由上文的“my dgs might attack 6 , the cat (我的狗可能会攻击猫)”和“The three dgs frmed a pack that, with caching (这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下)”可知，起初作者担心自己的狗会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flra，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相处友好，可得出在训练下，狗不会去攻击猫，结合动物的领地意识可知，此处指狗尊重猫的空间。故选B项。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flra的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. lking看；B. caring照顾；C. waiting等待；D. calling打电话。由上文的“Tilly had an peratin (Tilly做了一次手术)”可知，作者的狗Tilly做过手术，史蒂夫和作者一起居住后，和作者一起照顾术后康复的Tilly。故选B项。
【58题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高兴的是，这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚。A. delight高兴；B. credit信用；C. interest兴趣；D. disadvantage缺点。由下文的“this man prduced a little bx with a ring and prpsed t me (这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，史蒂夫向作者求婚，作者应该是感到高兴。故选A项。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求；B. trust信任；C. need需要；D. aid帮助。由上文的“He did nt kneel (跪) dwn (他没有跪下)”和常识可知，一般求婚是要下跪的，但史蒂夫没有下跪，作者对此并不在意，因为作者不需要他下跪。故选C项。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起。A. tys玩具；B. awards奖励；C. fd食物；D. water水。由上文的“He pured water frm a bttle int his hand and ffered it t my dgs. 10 , I began t fall fr him. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗。我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感，所以是“给爱犬喝水”的举动让二人走到了一起。故选D项。
【2022年1月浙江卷】
When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy-fur last year, she started having prblems with her 36 , ntably dryness and discmfrt.
"I was simply 37 a terrible experience," Ms. Burdeyney said at her hme in Trnt. "I felt s helpless and insecure because the quality f my 38 was affected."
Ms. Burdeyney talked t sme friends wh had 39 prblems and discvered that they were largely suffering in 40 . "Nbdy chses t talk abut it because it seems s 41 ," she said. "But mre and mre are suffering and lives are being 42 ."
Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned abut plans fr an eye research 43 at Tel Aviv University in Israel .The research team 44 Canadian dctr Allan Slmvic, wh has dne 45 wrk n eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray f hpe ,Ms.Burdeyney began raising 46 fr the prject with a friend, Trnt businessman Meyer Zeifman. 47 she has raised $110,000 with anther $40,000 48 .
"I'm trying t get mre and mre peple t 49 that there are slutins(解决办法)," said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse wh is still wrking as a persnal trainer after 50 . "I say there is n ld 51 , there's nly neglect(忽视). Dn't stand 52 , d smething abut it."
Ms. Burdeyney 53 that she was hping t d mre fr the research prject. "I just want t bring54 int peple's eyes and this is just the 55 ."There is still a lng way t g.”
36.A.thrat B.skin C.lungs D.eyes
37.A.gettingver B.gingthrugh C.hldingn D.passingdwn
38.A.stry B.treatment C.life D.relatinship
39.A.similar B.variusC.persnal D.special
40.A.turn B.peace C.vain D.silence
41.A.unbearableB.abnrmalC.insignificantD.disturbing
42.A.cmprmised B.frgtten C.substituted D.separated
43.A.curseB.prgram C.paper D.cnference
44.A.infrmedB.dubted C.included D.dismissed
45.A.part-timeB.cntrversial C.vluntary D.grund-breaking
46.A.mney B.standards C.awarenessD.questins
47.A.aseverB.Sfar C.Inreturn D.Onceagain
48.A.wastedB.dnated C.expectedD.earned
49.A.imagineB.cnfirm C.remember D.understand
50.A.retirement B.childbirth C.graduatinD.marriage
51.A.timeB.ruleC.age D.tale
52.A.straight B.still C.firm D.alne
53.A.cmmented B.learned C.reminded D.added
54.A.light B.jy C.clr D.beauty
55.A.future B.beginning C.truth D.meaning
【答案】36-40:DBCAD 41-45CABCD 46-50ABCDA 51-55CBDAB
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位患有眼疾的老太太在得知自己的朋友也饱受眼疾困扰后，为眼科研究项目募集资金，希望能够给眼疾病人带来光明的故事。
【详解】
【36 题详解】D 根据下文 Ms．Burdeyney learned abut plans fr an eye research 可知， Burdeyney 女士患的是眼部（eyes）疾病。
【37 题详解】B 根据上文 Burdeyney 女士患了眼疾，主要症状为眼部干涩不适可知，她在经历（ging thrugh）一种糟糕的体验。
【38 题详解】C 患眼疾之后，Burdeyney 女士感到十分无助且缺乏安全感，这是由于眼疾影响了她的生活（life）质量。
【39 题详解】A 根据下文 that they were largely suffering... mre and mre are suffering and lives are being...可知，Burdeyney 女士应该是和一 些患有相似（similar）疾病的朋友们交谈。
【40 题详解】D 根据下文的 Nbdy chses t talk abut it 可知，大部分眼疾患者都保持沉默（silence）。
【41 题详解】C 根据上句和所在句的句意可知，患者们默默地忍受病痛，不去谈论自己的眼疾，以及后句But...推知，眼疾在人们看来是微不足道的（insignificant）疾病，其余选项均不符合句意。
【42 题详解】A But引出语意的转折，点明了患者们的生活现状，即越来越多的人遭受眼疾困扰，生活受到影响，深陷无奈（cmprmised）。
【43 题详解】B 根据最后一段中的 the research prject可知，这是一个眼科研究项目(prgram)。
【44 题详解】C 由下文内容可知，加拿大医生 Allan Slmvic是这一研究团队的一员，即这一团队包括（included）这名医生。
【45 题详解】D 根据下文的 using stem cells 和 Seeing a ray f hpe 可知，AllanSlmvic 医生利用干细胞在眼保健方面做出了开创性的（grund-breaking）工作，这让Burdeyney 女士看到一线希望。
【46 题详解】A 根据下文的 she has raised ＄110,000 with anther ＄40,000...可知，Burdeyney 女士为这一研究项目募集资金（mney）。
【47 题详解】B 根据空白处后的she has raised ＄110,000可知，此处是说到目前为止（S far），她已经募集了11万美元。
【48 题详解】C Burdeyney 女士已经募集了11万美元，预计（expected）还能再募集4万美元。
【49 题详解】D Burdeyney 女士努力让越来越多的人认识到（understand）有办法解决眼疾困扰。
【50 题详解】A 文章第一段提到 Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy-fur last year， 由此可知 Burdeyney 女士已经退休（retirement）。
【51 题详解】C Burdeyney 女士认为不存在老年（age）的问题，只有对眼疾的忽视。
【52 题详解】B 根据空白处后的 d smething abut it 可知，要做点什么，不要站着不动。stand still 意为“站着不动；止步不前”，符合语境。
【53 题详解】D 空白处后提到Burdeyney 女士希望自己能够为这个研究项目做出更多的贡献，这是在她说完上一段话语后表达自己的愿望，故added符合语境。
【54 题详解】A 根据空白处后的 int peple＇s eyes可知，Burdeyney 女士想给人们的眼睛带来光明（light）。
【55 题详解】B 根据空白处后的 There is still a lng way t g．可知，这仅仅是开始(beginning)。
二、2021年高考真题
【2021年6月浙江卷】
My mther is 92. Unless I have t be ut f twn, each week I take my mther t d her 1 and visit the dctr, prviding 2 and transprtatin. During the week, hwever, she likes t g t a nearby stre t 3 sme small things she needs.
Last week she walked up t the stre, but when she went t pay fr her grceries, she was 4 abut three dllars. The nly 5 t pay fr the grceries was t take ff the 6 she culd d withut: a bttle f nubbing alchl（医用酒精）and a bar f sap. By taking ff these, she was able t 7 the new ttal t the amunt f cash she had with her.
At this stre, peple 8 and then g ff t the side t 9 their wn grceries. My mther was putting her grceries int shpping bags when a 10 came up her and said. "Here are the things that yu 11 , " handing her the rubbing alchl and the 12 . My mther, wh is never speechless, was speechless. She 13 fr the wman's name and address s that she culd 14 her. The wman tld her it was her 15 .
My mthet was s 16 by her gesture that she decided t g back t the stre and give the cashier（收银员）a five-dllar bill t keep n hand 17 the same happened t smene else if they didn't have enugh 18 fr all f their grceries.
S, whever yu are, thank yu fr the randm act f 19 that nt nly helped my mther ut, but 20 t.
B.husewrk C.cking D.shpping
B.medicine C.cmpany D.shelter
B.cllect C.rder D.buy
B.cautius C.wrng D.cncerned
B.way C.advice D.reasn
B.things C.mask D.glasses
B.add C.bring D.switch
up B.call in C.check ut D.sit dwn
B.select C.deliver D.bag
B.cashier C.friend D.dctr
fr B.talked abut C.threw away D.put back
B.sap C.cash D.bttle
B.waited C.cared D.searched
B.trust C.recgnize D.help
B.chance C.gift D.turn
B.amused C.tuched D.cnvinced
case B.even if C.as thugh D.s that
B.mney C.space D.time
B.curage C.kindness D.hnr
her day B.changed her mind C.caught her eye D.met her demand
【文章大意】本文是一篇温情小故事：“我”的母亲在商店买东西结账时，随身带的钱不够， 一位陌生女士善意帮忙，母亲决心把这份爱心传递了下去。
【解析】
【1 题详解】D
考查名词辨析。A. exercise 运动； B. husewrk 家务； C. cking烹饪； D. shpping购物。根据下一句 "但是在周中，她喜欢去附近的商店买一些她需要的小东西" 可知，我带母亲去购物（规律性的较大型采买）和看医生，故选D。
【2 题详解】C
考查名词辨析。A. reward报酬； B. medicine药品； C. cmpany陪伴； D. shelter庇护，避难所。根据句意可知我带母亲是去购物和看医生，因此我提供的只能是陪伴和交通。易错项：注意prviding作为伴随状语，其主语为句子主语I，而非dctr。故选C。
【3 题详解】D
考查动词辨析。A. return返回； B. cllect收集； C. rder命令，下单； D. buy购买。
根据句意 "但是在周中，她喜欢去附近的商店买一些她需要的小东西" 可知是 "购买"，故选D。
【4 题详解】A
考查形容词辨析。A. shrt短的，不足的，缺乏的； B. cautius谨慎小心的； C. wrng错的； D. cncerned担心的，关心的。根据句意和下文可知母亲在购物结账时（when she went t pay…），发现差三元钱，shrt表示 "不足，缺少的"，故选A。
【5 题详解】B
考查名词辨析。A. aim目标； B. way方式； C. advice建议； D. reasn理由。根据句意 "支付这些货品唯一的方式是拿掉一些可以不买的东西" 可知是pay的方式，故选B。
【6 题详解】B
考查名词辨析。A. weight重量；B. things东西；C. mask面具，口罩；D. glasses眼镜，玻璃杯。根据句意 "支付这些货品唯一的方式是拿掉一些可以不买的东西" 可知此处是去掉一些 "东西"，故选B。
【7 题详解】C
考查动词辨析。A. raise提高，筹集；养育；B. add添加；C. bring带来；使处于某种情况；把……移到；D. switch改变；转换。根据句意 "…她能让新的总额到达她随身携带的现金额" 可知是 "使ttal到达一个值"，故选C。
【8 题详解】C
考查动词词组辨析。A. shw up出现，露面；B. call in召来，拜访；C. check ut结账离开；D. sit dwn坐下。根据句意 "人们结账后然后离开到一边去装包自己的物品" 可知是 "结账"，故选C。
【9 题详解】D
考查动词辨析。A. stre储存；B. select选择；C. deliver递送；D. bag把……装入袋中。根据句意 "人们结账后然后离开到一边去装包自己的物品" 可知是把买来的东西装袋，故选D。
【10 题详解】A
考查名词辨析。A. stranger陌生人；B. cashier收银员；C. friend朋友；D. dctr医生。根据下文（13空所在的句子）可知母亲问这位女士的姓名和地址，好去还钱；证明母亲不认识这位女士，因此选择陌生人，故选A。
【11 题详解】 D
考查动词词组辨析。A. lked fr寻找；B. talked abut谈论；C. threw away扔掉；D. put back放回。根据句意 "这是你……的东西"，递给母亲的正是她刚刚去掉（即放回商店）的医用酒精和肥皂，可知是填 "放回去" ，故选D。
【12 题详解】B
考查名词辨析。A. receipt收据；B. sap肥皂；C. cash现金；D. bttle瓶子。根据句意 "递给母亲的正是医用酒精和……" 并结合上文可知，正是6空所在句子中提到的酒精和肥皂，故选B。
【13 题详解】A
考查动词辨析。A. asked问；B. waited等待；C. cared关心，在意；D. searched寻找。根据句意 "她问这位女士的姓名和地址，好来还钱" 可知是询问，故选A。
【14 题详解】A
考查动词辨析。A. repay 归还，偿还；B. trust 信任；C. recgnize 认出；D. help 帮助。根据句意可知母亲询问女士的姓名地址以便把钱归还给她。故选A。
【15 题详解】C
考查名词辨析。A. luck 运气；B. chance 机会，可能性；C. gift 礼物；D. turn （轮流的）机会。根据上下文可知，母亲想要把钱会给她，但是她拒绝了，因此此处意为：这是送你的（礼物）。故选C。
【16 题详解】 C
考查形容词辨析。A. surprised 惊讶的；B. amused 逗乐的；C. tuched 感动的；D. cnvinced 坚信的。空格后的her gesture指的是上文陌生人的好心帮助，由此可知母亲的情感为 "感动的"。故选C。
【17 题详解】A
考查连词辨析。A. in case 万一；B. even if 即使；C. as thugh 好像；D. s that 以至于。根据句意：母亲决定给收银员5美元，万一别人也遇到同样的事情，也就是上文母亲遇到的买东西时钱不够的情况。故选A。
【18 题详解】B
考查名词辨析。A. energy 能量；B. mney 金钱；C. space 空间；D. time 时间。根据句意：没有足够的钱买下所有的东西。故选B。
【19 题详解】C
考查名词辨析。A. faith 信念；B. curage 勇气；C. kindness 善良；D. hnr 荣耀。根据上文这位陌生人对母亲的帮助可知此处为 "感谢你的善良举动"。故选C。
【20 题详解】A
考查词组辨析。A. made her day 使她心情愉悦； B. changed her mind 改变她的想法； C. caught her eye 吸引她的眼球；D. met her demand 满足她的要求。根据句意可知陌生人的善意不仅帮助了我们母亲，同时也使她心情愉悦。故选A。
【2021年6月全国甲卷】
It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part f the blame fr getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmnt Empress Htel in Victria, Canada.
Burchill was 1 at the htel n business and planning t 2 sme friends in the area. They had asked him t 3 sme pepperni（辣香肠） frm back east. S he 4 a suitcase full f pepperni. As he was 5 that it wuld be t warm, he 6 it ut n the table near an pen windw. He thught his pepperni was 7 and well chilled（冷却） and he 8 .
That's when things went 9 Eyy temenier walking dwn the lng 10 and pening the dr t my rm t find an entire flck f seagulls, " Burchill said in a recent letter f 11 t the 4-star htel.“The seagulls immediately went 12 They rushed t the windw, 30 r 40 birds all trying t 13 at the same time, and pepperni—everywhere. The curtains were falling dwn, the lamps were falling dwn, It was a real 14 ."
Older and wiser nw, Burchill chalked up the incident t yuthful indiscretin（莽撞）. “I have 15 and I admit respnsibility fr my 16 , " he said in the letter. “I cme t yu, 17 , t aplgize fr the damage I had 18 caused and t ask yu t 19 my lifetime ban frm the htel."
His letter 20 . Banned frm the htel since 2001, Burchill is nw welcme t cme back, the Fairmnt said.
B.staying C.lking D.packing
B.help C.fllw D.make
B.have C.bring D.taste
B.lcked C.abandned D.lst
B.pleased C.excited D.wrried
B.cleared C.cut D.laid
B.safe C.sft D.ready
B.ndded C.waited D.regretted
B.funny C.wrng D.blind
B.driveway C.hall D.table
B.aplgy C.request D.invitatin
B.dead C.missing D.wild
up B.get ut C.take ff D.break in
B.puzzle C.fight D.challenge
B.retired C.escaped D.matured
B.plans C.madness D.actins
in pckets B.nse in the air C.hat in hand D.feet n the grund
B.deliberately C.cautiusly D.secretly
B.remember C.recnsider D.renew
B.wrked C.ended D.disappeared
【文章大意】本文是记叙文，文章讲述了主人公酒店出差住店时的一次不愉快经历。主人公住酒店时，拿出来的香肠吸引了鸽子，而让宾馆收到损失。最后事情得到了圆满解决，主人公又再次成为宾馆的座上宾，宾馆也欢迎他随时回来。
【解析】
【1 题详解】D
考查动词。根据下文 "a suitcase full f pepperni" 和 "he 26 it ut n the table near an pen windw" 可知，Burchill装了满满一箱子的腊肠，因为担心太热，温度过高，他把香肠放到窗户的桌子上，一遍香肠可以冷却。由此可以推断他当时正在酒店收拾行李。A. studying 学习，研究B. staying待着C. lking看 D. packing打包，故选D。
【2 题详解】A
考查动词。根据下文 "They had asked him t 23 sme pepperni（辣香肠） frm back east." 可知他的朋友叫他带点香肠给他们，所以这里应该是他去拜访朋友或者看望朋友。A. visit拜访B. help 帮助C. fllw追随 D. make 交朋友。故选A。
【3 题详解】C
考查动词。根据上文，they 只带朋友，所以这里应该是让他带一些香肠过去。A. sell卖 B. have 拥有C. bring 带来D. taste 品尝。故选C。
【4 题详解】A
考查动词。前面是bring在根据上文，Burchill正在打包，所以这里应该是把箱子填满了香肠。A. filled 填满 B. lcked 锁上C. abandned 放弃D. lst丢失。故选A。
【5 题详解】D
考查形容词、副词。根据本句 "t warm" 所以这里应该是Burchill担心太热。A. surprised 吃惊的 B. pleased 高兴的 C. excited 兴奋的 D. wrried担忧的。故选D。
【6 题详解】 D
考查动词。根据后问 "ut n" 应该是他把香肠拿出来放到桌子上。A. dug 挖 B. cleared 清理 C. cut 剪断，切 D. laid放置。故选D。
【7 题详解】B
考查形容词、副词。他认为他的香肠会_____, 会冷却，所以他_____.这里应该是他觉得放在桌子上没问题，所以他离开了。A. delicius美味的 B. safe安全的 C. sft柔软的 D. ready准备好的。故选B。
【8 题详解】A
考查动词。他认为他的香肠会_____, 会冷却，所以他_____.这里应该是他觉得放在桌子上没问题，所以他离开了。A. left 离开 B. ndded 点头 C. waited 等待 D. regretted 后悔。故选A。
【9 题详解】C
考查形容词、副词。这里根据文章的首段，加拿大维多利亚州费尔蒙特皇后酒店(Fairmnt Empress Htel)的尼克•伯奇尔(Nick Burchill)被列入黑名单，至少部分罪魁祸首应该是海边的鸟儿。这里g wrng表示发生了意外。A. g far 成功，扬名 B. g funny 变得可笑 C. g wrng出错，出毛病 D.g blind 失明。故选C。
【10 题详解】C
考查名词。根据 "walking dwn the lng 30__ and pening the dr " 可以猜测这里应该是回了酒店，所以只能是走过长长的酒店的走廊。A. beach 海滩 B. driveway 车道 C. hall 走廊（熟词生义）D. table 桌子。故选C。
【11 题详解】B
考查名词。根据下文 "I cme t yu, 37 , t aplgize fr the damage I had " 可以得知，这里应该是道歉。A. applicatin申请B. aplgy道歉 C. request 请求 D. invitatin 邀请。故选B。
【12 题详解】D
考查形容词、副词。根据下文 "They rushed t the windw, 30 r 40 birds all trying t 33 at the same time, and pepperni—everywhere." 可知，海鸥应该是着急出去。A. g hungry 饥饿的 B. g dead 死的；不起作用的 C. g missing 迷失的 D. g wild 疯狂的。故选D。
【13 题详解】B
考查短语。这里应该是海鸥应该是着急出去。A. wake up 唤醒 B. get ut 出去 C. take ff 脱下；起飞 D. break in 闯入。故选B。
【14 题详解】A
考查名词。根据前面 "The curtains were falling dwn, the lamps were falling dwn" 可知，此时的状况应该是一团糟。A. mess 乱糟糟 B. puzzle 谜团 C. fight 斗争 D. challenge 挑战。故选A。
【15 题详解】D
考查动词。空格后面我承认我对此事有责任，根据上文 "Older and wiser nw, Burchill chalked up the incident t yuthful indiscretin伯奇尔年纪大了，也更聪明了，他把这件事归咎于年轻人的轻率行为" 和下文 "t aplgize fr the damage" 可以推测此时我应该是成熟了，长大了。A. recvered 恢复 B. retired 退休 C. escaped 逃跑 D. matured 成熟。故选D。
【16 题详解】 D
考查名词。同上，应该是为我的行为感到道歉。A. suffering 遭受 B. plans 计划 C. madness 疯狂 D. actins 行动。故选D。
【17 题详解】C
考查短语。根据后文，为了道歉， 那么应该是毕恭毕敬的道歉。A. hands in pckets 两手抄兜B. nse in the air 目中无人 C. hat in hand 毕恭毕敬地 D. feet n the grund 脚踏实地。故选C。
【18 题详解】A
考查形容词、副词。根据 "had caused" 在根据前文他的过失，所以很容易得知这里应该是无心之举。A. indirectly 间接地 B. deliberately 故意地 C. cautiusly 小心谨慎地 D. secretly 秘密地。故选A。
【19 题详解】C
考查动词。根据 "my lifetime ban frm the htel" 应该是请求移除对我的黑明显限制。 A. replace 代替B. remember 记得 C. recnsider 重新考虑 D. renew 更新。故选C。
【20 题详解】B
考查动词。根据后文 "Burchill is nw welcme t cme back" 可知他现在已经不在黑名单中了，所以他的道歉是起了作用的。 A. arrived 到达B. wrked 工作 C. ended 以……结束 D. disappeared 消失。故选B。
【2021.3天津】
Fr mst peple, having things stlen feels like an ffence. Rbbie Pruitt admitted that he gt 1 when he discvered the theft f his muntain bike last September. But sn enugh, his 2 tk a turn. After letting g f his anger and frustratin, he fund himself n a rad t sympathy 3 .
Fr Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing t d was 4 his stlen bike. But when he went bike shpping, he fund few available, which gt him thinking: What if the 5 f bikes was Cvid-19 related, and what if the persn wh'd taken his bike really needed 6 t get t wrk?
With that thught in mind, Pruitt 7 a plan and psted it n the cmmunity website. He 8 t fix bikes free f charge fr anyne wh needed it. He als asked fr unwanted bikes, which he wuld repair-again 9 . And then he wuld dnate them t flks wh culd truly use them but didn't have the 10 t buy ne.
The day the pst went live, Pruitt received thirty 11 bicycles. Then came mre than 500 12 fr detailed infrmatin. By the end f 2020, Pruitt had repaired mre than 140 fr dnatin r t be 13 t their wners.
Pruitt tries t give his dnatins t families that are 14 struggling. 15 simply satisfying a material need, he has prvided an pprtunity fr kids in his neighbrhd t learn hw t fix their wn bikes.
In additin t 16 skills, Pruitt's lessns teach teamwrk, encurage self-wrth, and prmte feelings f cmmunity. 17 , the kids have gained a sense f accmplishment.
"It's a really great 18 fr kids," said a neighbr in an interview with the lcal newspaper. "Pruitt is certainly prviding a 19 , but it's nt just the bikes. It's the relatinships in the cmmunity. It's the 20 that he can make n peple."
B.mad C.curius D.frightened
B.career C.pinins D.rute
B.tgether C.instead D.yet
B.lck C.repair D.replace
B.variety C.increase D.quality
B.qualificatin C.transprtatin D.permissin
up with B.stuck t C.gave up D.brke away frm
B.refused C.hesitated D.ffered
accident B.in advance C.fr free D.n credit
B.budget C.curage D.excuse
B.used C.expensive D.mdern
B.advertisements C.ntices D.annuncements
B.sld C.lent D.returned
B.slightly C.truly D.instantly
B.Beynd C.Upn D.Amng
B.cmmercial C.mathematical D.scial
B.Hwever C.Smehw D.Meanwhile
B.celebratin C.cmfrt D.experience
B.service C.ceremny D.suggestin
B.impressin C.impact D.prgress
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Rbbie Pruitt在自己的自行车被偷后，想出了给人免费修车的计划。他把这一计划发布到了网上，主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。他还教授邻居的孩子们免费修车，得到了邻居的赞赏。
【解析】
【1 题详解】B
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Rbbie Pruitt承认，去年9月发现他的山地车被盗时，他很生气。A. amazed惊讶的；B. mad生气的；C.curicus好奇的；D. frightened害怕的。根据第一段最后一句 "After letting g f his anger and frustratin" 可知，发现车被偷，Rbbie Pruitt当时很生气。故选B。
【2 题详解】A
考查名词词义辨析。句意∶但很快，他的情绪发生了变化。A. emtins情绪；B. career事业；C. pinins观点；D. rute路线。结合后文"After letting g f his anger and frustratin, he fund himself n a rad t sympathy"可知，Rbbie Pruitt从生气沮丧变成了同情，情绪发生了变化。故选A。
【3 题详解】C
考查副词词义辨析。句意∶在放下愤怒和沮丧之后，他发现自己走上了同情之路。A. ever曾经；B.tgether一起；C. instead相反；D. yet然而。结合上文 "he fund himself n a rad t sympathy" 可知，发现自己的车被偷，Rbbie Pruitt放下愤怒和沮丧，反而走上了同情他人的道路。故选C。
【4 题详解】D
考查动词词义辨析。句意∶对于热衷于骑自行车的Pruitt来说，第一件要做的事就是取代他被偷的自行车。A. ride骑车；B. lck锁上；C. repair修理；D. replace取代。根据后文 "his stlen bike. But when he went bike shpping" 可知，车被偷，Pruitt要买车来取代被偷的自行车。故选D。
【5 题详解】A
考查名词词义辨析。句意∶但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到∶如果缺少自行车与Cvid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. lack缺乏；B. variety多样；C. increase增加；D. quality质量。根据上文 "he fund few available" 可知，商店里也缺少自行车。故选A。
【6 题详解】 C
考查名词词义辨析。句意∶但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到∶如果缺少自行车与Cvid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. instructin指令；B. qualificatin资格；C. transprtatin运输工具；D. permissin允许。根据前后文可知，Pruitt猜测偷自己自行车的人是因为确实需要交通工具去上班。故选C。
【7 题详解】A
考查动词短语辨析。句意︰带着这个想法，Pruitt想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A. cme up with提出；B. stick t坚持；C. give up放弃；D. break away frm突然逃跑。根据后文 "a plan and psted it n the cmmunity website" 指想出了一个计划，cme up with符合语境。故选A。
【8 题详解】D
考查动词词义辨析。句意∶他主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。A. remember记得；B. refuse拒绝；C. hesitate犹豫；D. ffer提议。结合后文 " t fix bikes free f charge fr anyne wh needed it." 指Pruitt提议为他人免费修车，ffer t dsth."主动提出做某事”。故选D。
【9 题详解】C
考查固定短语辨析。句意：他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。A. by accident偶然；B. in advance提前；C. fr free免费；D. n credit赊账。呼应上文"fix bikes free f charge"他的修车都是免费的。故选C。
【10 题详解】B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。A. prfit利润；B. budget预算；C. curage勇气；D. excuse借口。根据前后文可知，Pruitt捐车的对象是那些需要车但是预算不够，买不起的人，but表示转折，说明预算紧张。故选B。
【11 题详解】 B
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一帖子发布当天，Pruitt收到了30辆二手自行车。A. shared共享的；B. used二手的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. mdern现代的。根据上文 "He als asked fr unwanted bikes," 可知，Pruitt也回收不想要的二手车，所以在帖子发布当天收到了30辆二手自行车。故选B。
【12 题详解】A
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后就来了500多个询问详细信息的询问。A. enquiry询问；B. advertisement广告；C. ntice通知；D. annuncement公告。根据后文"fr detailed infrmatin"可知，此处指询问详细信息的询问。故选A。
【13 题详解】D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2020年底，Pruitt已经修复了140多件自行车，这些自行车要么捐赠，要么返还原主。A. exprt出口；B. sell出售；C. lend借给；D. return返回、返还。结合后文't their wners"指修好的车返还给主人，return符合语境。故选D。
【14 题详解】C
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt试图把他的捐赠捐给那些真正生活困难挣扎的家庭。A. hardly几乎不；B. slightly轻微地；C. truly真实地；D. instantly立即。此处呼应上文"flks wh culd truly use them"指Pruitt的捐赠都是给那些真正生活有困难的家庭的。故选C。
【15 题详解】C
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上，他为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会。A. Withut除了；B. Beynd越过；C. Upn在……上；D. Amng在.……中间。结合后文"simply satisfying a materia need"表示"在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上"可知，应用介词upn。故选C。
【16 题详解】 A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意︰除了实用技能，Pruitt的课程还教授团队合作，鼓励自我价值，促进社区感觉。A. practical实际的；B. cmmercial商业的；C. mathematical数学的；D. scial社会的。根据上文"he has prvided an pprtunity fr kids in his neighbrhd t learn hw t fix their wn bikes."可知，Pruitt为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会，即教授他们实用技能。故选A。
【17 题详解】D
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同时，孩子们也有了一种成就感。A. Otherwise否则；B. Hwever然而；C. Smehw不知怎么；D. Meanwhile同时。根据前后文语境可知，孩子们通过参加Pruitt的课程，学到了实用技能，同时还有了一种成就感，Meanwhile符合语境。故选D。
【18 题详解】D
考查名词词义辨析。句意∶一位邻居在接受当地报纸采访时说∶"对孩子们来说，这真是一次很棒的经历。"A. prmise承诺；B.celebratin庆祝；C. cmfrt安慰；D. experience经历。根据语境，参与Pruitt的课程对孩子们来说，是一次经历。故选D。
【19 题详解】B
考查名词词义辨析。句意∶Pruitt当然会提供服务，但不仅仅是自行车。A. cmpetitin比赛；B. service服务；C. ceremny典礼；D. suggestin建议。结合上文可知，Pruitt为人们免费修车，还为社区的孩子教授如何修车，所以他提供的是服务。故选B。
【20 题详解】C
考查名词词义辨析。句意：而是他能对人们产生的影响。A. cmprmise妥协；B. impressin印象；C. impact影响； D. prgress进步。根据后文"he can make n peple"可知为短语make impact n"对.……产生影响"。故选C。
三、2020年高考真题
【2020年7月·浙江卷】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I experienced years f lneliness as a child. 31 His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine. With n ther kids f my age in the neighbrhd, I had t spend hurs by myself.
A bright spt fr me turned ut t be reading. My lve f the written wrd began early as my mther read t me every evening. 32 I started reading bks n my wn befre age 5 and my mther tk me t the public library nce a week t brrw several bks. I quickly graduated frm typical children’s bks t nes with fewer pictures and lnger chapters. Reading pened new wrlds t me. ___33___
My mther als encuraged me t make what I wanted. I tried making ty cars with cardbard bxes and cnstructing buildings frm leftver cardbard and bits f wd my father gave me. When my mther saw my creatins, she tld me hw creative my designs were. 34 I learned a lt abut hw t extend the life f bjects and transfrm them int smething new and useful. It was a trait(特点) thers fund helpful, and I sn had friends wh wanted t make things with me.
35 My parents made it a pint fr their tw kids t spend time utside, n matter the weather r seasn. My brther, f curse, raced ff t be with his friends, while I had plenty t d myself. There was making leaf huses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and s much mre. They’re all memries I treasure tday.
A. I wasn't alne any lnger.
B. I enjyed reading stries alud.
C. I was invited t play with anther kid.
D. I lved the clrful phtgraphs in the bks.
E. Anther habit I frmed early was being utdrs.
F. Thus, I began my lifelng interest in making things.
G. My lder brther culdn’t be bthered t play with me.
【答案】31. G 32. D 33. A 34. F 35. E
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。
【31 题详解】设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“My elder brther”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G项。
【32 题详解】根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事的书。D项切题。故选D项。
【33 题详解】根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系。A项切题。故选A项。
【34 题详解】根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。
【35 题详解】根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。
【2020·全国卷II】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was just after sunrise n a June mrning. “Nicl,” whse real name cannt be 41 t the public because f Italy’s privacy laws, 42 wrking the whle night at a factry in Turin. As he ften did, he stpped by the “after wrk auctin(拍卖)” 43 by the Italian plice where things 44 n the trains were sld t the highest bidder. There, amng many ther things, Nicl sptted tw paintings he thught wuld lk 45 abve his dining rm table. Nicl and anther bidder 46 until Nicl finally wn the paintings fr $32.
When Nicl retired and went t live in Sicily, he 47 the paintings with him. He hung them abve the same table he had 48 frm Turin. His sn, age 15, wh had 49 an art appreciatin class, thught that there was smething 50 abut the ne with a yung girl sitting n a garden chair. It was signed(签名) “Bnnat” r s he thught, but when he 51 it, he nly fund “Bnnard,” a French 52 he had never heard f. He bught a bk and was 53 t find a picture f the artist Pierre Bnnard sitting n the same chair in the same 54 as his father’s painting.
“That’s the garden in ur picture,”Nicl’s sn tld his father. They 55 learned that the painting they 56 was called “The Girl with Tw Chairs.” They 57 the ther painting and learned that it was 58 Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life f Fruit n a Table with a Small Dg.” The 59 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the fficial cnfirmed that the paintings were 60 and wrth as much as $50 millin.
41．A．attachedB．allcatedC．expsedD．submitted
42．A．finishedB．delayedC．cnsideredD．tried
43．A．attendedB．reservedC．cancelledD．run
44．A．shwnB．fundC．keptD．hidden
45．A．niceB．familiarC．usefulD．real
46．A．battledB．debatedC．discussedD．bargain
47．A．heldB．leftC．registeredD．brught
48．A．chsenB．receivedC．rderedD．mved
49．A．missedB．failedC．takenD．led
50．A．cncreteB．unusualC．unappealingD．natual
51．A．appreciatedB．tuchedC．researchedD．witnessed
52．A．painterB．designerC．authrD．actr
53．A．expectedB．surprisedC．anxiusD．ready
54．A．rmB．kitchenC．hallD．garden
55．A．apparentlyB．cnfidentlyC．eventuallyD．temprarily
56．A．wnedB．brrwedC．sldD．stle
57．A．cllectedB．cleanedC．framedD．studied
58．A．suitablyB．actuallyC．rightlyD．specifically
59．A．girlB．artistC．familyD．plice
60．A．cpiesB．riginalsC．mdelsD．presents
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫Nicl的人在拍卖会上以低价购得两幅画。后来他学艺术欣赏的儿子经过研究发现这两副画可能来自著名画家，他们打电话给意大利文化部，那儿的官员证实这两幅画都是画家的真迹，价值至少5000万美元。
【41 题详解】C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicl完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因意大利的隐私法不能暴露给公众。A. attached参加；B. allcated分配；C. expsed暴露；D. submitted上交。根据下文的because f Italy's privacy可知此处用be expsed t“暴露”符合语境，故选C项。
【42 题详解】A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicl完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因为意大利的隐私法不能暴露给警方。A. finished完成；B. delayed推迟；C. cnsidered考虑；D. tried尝试。根据上文的It was just after sunrise n a June mrning可推测Nicl刚在工厂里上完了夜班，即完成了一整夜的工作，故选A项。
【43 题详解】D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警方进行的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. attended参加；B. reserved保护；C. cancelled取消；D. run进行。结合常识可知，拍卖会上需要有警察来维持秩序，进行拍卖，故选D项。
【44 题详解】B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警察管理的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. shwn展示；B. fund发现；C. kept保存；D. hidden隐藏。根据句意可知，此处是指拍卖的东西都是从一列火车上发现的，故选B项。
【45 题详解】A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，很多其它东西中，Nicl看到了两幅画，他觉得它们看起来挂在自己的餐桌上方会很漂亮。A. nice漂亮的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. useful有用的； D. real真的。根据下文的Nicl and anther bidder 46 until Nicl finally wn the paintings fr 32$可推测Nicl认为这两幅画挂在自己的餐桌前会很漂亮，所以才会出高价买，故选A项。
【46 题详解】A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicl和另外一个竞标人竞争，直到Nicl最终以32美元的价格赢得了这两幅画。A. battled竞争；B. debated辩论；C. discussed 讨论；D. bargained讨价还价。根据上文的were sld t the highest bidder可知此处用“竞争”符合语境，故选A项。
【47 题详解】D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Nicl退休去Sicily居住时，他带上了这两幅画。A. held拿着；B. left离开，留下；C. registered注册；D. brught带来。根据下文的he hung them abve the same table可知，Nicl搬家时带上了这两幅画，故选D项。
【48 题详解】D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把它们挂在同一张桌子的上面，这张桌子是他从Turin搬来的。A. chsen选择；B. received收到；C. rdered 命令；D. mved搬。根据上文的the same table可知，Nicl搬家时也把桌子搬来了，故选D项。
【49 题详解】C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那幅有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. missed错过；B. failed失败；C. taken拿；D. led导致。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语take classes“上课”，故选C项。
【50 题详解】B
考查形容词词义辨析，句意：句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那副有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. cncrete具体的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. unappealing不吸引人的；D. natural自然的。根据下文的it was signed ''Bnnat'' r he thught可知，儿子认为这幅画可能是一个著名画家的画，故觉得它有些不同寻常，故选B项。
【51 题详解】C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bnnat或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了“Bnnard”，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. appreciated欣赏；B. tuched触摸；C. researched研究；D. witnessed目睹。根据下文的he nly fund ''Bnnard''可推测儿子仔细研究了画，故选C项。
【52 题详解】A
考查名词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bnnat或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了Bnnard，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. painter画家；B. designer设计师；C. authr 作家；D. actr演员。根据下文的a picture f the artist Pierre Bnnard可知，此处用画家符合语境，故选A项。
【53 题详解】B
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bnnard的画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. expected意料的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. anxius焦虑的；D. ready准备好的。根据下文的sitting n the same chair in the same 54 as his father's painting可知此处用“吃惊的”符合语境，故选B项。
【54 题详解】D
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bnnard的画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. rm房间；B. kitchen餐厅； C. hall 大厅；D. garden花园。根据上文的with a yung girl sitting n a garden chair可知此处用“花园”符合语境，garden是原词复现，故选D项。
【55 题详解】C
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A. apparently明显地；B. cnfidently自信地；C. eventually 最后；D. temprary暂时的。根据上文的he bught a bk and was 53 t find a picture f the artist Pierre Bnnard sitting n the same chair in the same as his father's painting可知，此处是指经过一系列的对比和研究，他们终于从一本书上得知了其中一副画的名字，故选C项。
【56 题详解】A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A. wned拥有；B. brrwed借；C. sld卖；D. stle偷。根据上文的Nicl finally wn the paintings fr 32$可知，这幅画的所有权是Nicl的，即他们拥有它，故选A项。
【57 题详解】D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin的《Still Life f Fruit n a Table with a Small Dg》。A. cllected收集；B. cleaned打扫；C. framed制定；D. studied研究。根据上文的but when he 51 it可知此处用“研究”符合语境，research和study是同义词复现，故选D项。
【58 题详解】B
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin的《Still Life f Fruit n a Table with a Small Dg》。A. suitably适合地；B. actually事实上；C. rightly正确地；D. specifically具体地。根据句意可知，此处是指他们研究了另外一副画，事实证明也是一副著名画家的画，故选B项。
【59 题详解】C
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5000万美元。A. girl女孩；B. artist艺术家；C. family家庭；D. plice警察。根据上下文可知，此处是指Nicl一家为了鉴别画的真伪给意大利文化部打电话，故选C项。
【60 题详解】B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5000万美元。A. cpies复制品；B. riginals原版；C. mdels 模型；D. presents礼物。根据下文的as much as $50 millin可推测，这两幅画都是画家的原版，故选B项。
【2020·山东卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Mlai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near sme wetlands which became his secnd 21 . He learned the value and beauty f 22 there frm a very yung age.
When he was 16, Mlai began t ntice smething 23 happening arund his hme. A fld had hit the area earlier that year and the 24 it caused had driven away a number f birds. 25 , the number f snakes had declined as well. He 26 that it was because there weren’t enugh trees t prtect them frm the 27 . The slutin, f curse, was t plant trees s the animals culd seek 28 during the daytime. He turned t the 29 department fr help but was tld that nthing wuld grw there. Hwever, Mlai went lking n his wn and 30 a nearby island where he began t plant trees.
31 yung plants in the dry seasn was 32 fr a lne by. Mlai built at the 33 f each sapling(幼树)a bamb platfrm, where he placed earthen pts with small hles t 34 rainwater. The water wuld then drip(滴落)n the plants belw.
Mlai 35 t plant trees fr the next 37 years. His effrts have resulted in 1,360 acres f naturally-grwn land that has becme hme t many plants and animals.
21．A．dreamB．jbC．hmeD．chice
22．A．natureB．yuthC．cultureD．knwledge
23．A．preciusB．interestingC．disturbingD．awkward
24．A．wasteB．tensinC．painD．damage
25．A．BesidesB．HweverC．TherefreD．Otherwise
26．A．agreedB．realizedC．rememberedD．predicted
27．A．niseB．heatC．diseaseD．dust
28．A．directinsB．partnersC．helpD．shelter
29．A．labrB．pliceC．frestD．finance
30．A．rebuiltB．discveredC．leftD．managed
31．A．DecratingB．ObservingC．WateringD．Guarding
32．A．tughB．illegalC．fantasticD．beneficial
33．A．backB．tpC．ftD．side
34．A．cl dwnB．keep ffC．purifyD．cllect
35．A．returnedB．learnedC．failedD．cntinued
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Mlai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Mlai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。
【21 题详解】C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想；B. jb工作；C. hme家；D. chice选择。根据空前的secnd可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。
【22 题详解】A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然；B. yuth青春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knwledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。
【23 题详解】C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Mlai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A. precius宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. awkward尴尬的，笨拙的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。
【24 题详解】D
考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A. waste废物；B. tensin紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。
【25 题详解】A
考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. Hwever但是；C. Therefre因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。
【26 题详解】B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Mlai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。
【27 题详解】B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. nise噪音；B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。
【28 题详解】
考查名词D词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A. directins方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。
【29 题详解】C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labr劳动；B. plice警察；C. frest森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The slutin, f curse, was t plant trees”可知，Mlai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。
【30 题详解】B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Mlai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A. rebuilt重建；B. discvered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前面的”lking n his wn”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。
【31 题详解】C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decrating装饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Mlai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry seasn”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。
【32 题详解】A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tugh困难的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Mlai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。
【33 题详解】B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:Mlai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. tp顶端；C. ft脚；D. side一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句“The water wuld then drip n the plants belw”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。
【34 题详解】D
考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Mlai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cl dwn冷却下来；B. keep ff与……保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；D. cllect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。
【35 题详解】D
考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Mlai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会；C. failed失败；D. cntinued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。
【2020·浙江卷】
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I’ve been farming sheep n a hillside fr 54 years. I use a small tractr t get abut. My dg Dn always sits beside me in the passenger scat.
One mrning I 36 a lst lamb when I was in the tp field，near where a mtrway cuts thrugh my land. The lamb had becme separated frm its 37 , s I jumped ut f the tractr t 38 it while Dn stayed in his scat.
Lamb and mther 39 , I turned back t the tractr nly t see it mve suddenly away frm me. This was s 40 because I had put the handbrake n when I jumped ut. 41 Dn had smehw made the 42 mve.
My heart frze in my chest as I 43 the tractr heading twards the 44 .I ran desperately but failed t 45 . It crashed thrugh a wden fence and disappeared. The 46 thing I saw was Dn’s face, lking calmly back at me.
Heart in muth, I 47 the fence and lked ver. The tractr was 48 against the crash barrier in the central reservatin, having miraculusly(奇迹般地) crssed the 49 rad with fast-flwing traffic. I culdn’t see Dn, but as I 50 the tractr he jumped ut nt the rad, apparently 51 , and dashed back t me.
The plice 52 and the mtrway ran nrmally again. I culdn't quite believe my 53 it turned ut n ne gt badly hurt, but the utcme culd have been 54 .Dn was given a special 55 that night—I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him.
36．A．drppedB．spttedC．carriedD．returned
37．A．kidsB．friendsC．wnerD．mther
38．A．ask abutB．play withC．tend tD．run int
39．A．freedB．switchedC．reunitedD．examined
40．A．unexpectedB．dangerusC．embarrassingD．difficult
41．A．FrtunatelyB．GenerallyC．ImmediatelyD．Obviusly
42．A．lambB．vehicleC．seatD．fence
43．A．sawB．stppedC．rememberedD．drve
44．A．crwdB．mtrwayC．fieldD．hill
45．A．take ffB．catch upC．hld backD．get ut
46．A．realB．bestC．basicD．last
47．A．fixedB．nticedC．reachedD．clsed
48．A．restingB．runningC．parkingD．turning
49．A．sleepB．lngC．rughD．busy
50．A．abandnedB．apprachedC．recgnizedD．repaired
51．A．uncleanB．uncertainC．unhurtD．unhappy
52．A．arrivedB．repliedC．survivedD．waited
53．A．abilityB．dreamC．luckD．idea
54．A．cmmnB．cnfusingC．desirableD．awful
55．A．mealB．testC．jbD．lessn
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者开车带着它的狗去田地，路上发现了一只和它妈妈走散的小羊。作者下车去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了车上。后来，作者帮助小羊找到了妈妈，谁知竟发现自己的狗开着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶，害怕造成严重的后果。幸运的是，最后没有人受伤。这真是一个奇迹！
【36 题详解】B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，我在山顶的田野里发现了一只迷路的小羊，那里有一条高速公路穿过我的田地。A. drpped下降；B. sptted发现；C. carried搬； D. returned返回。下文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我是无意中发现了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。
【37 题详解】D
考查名词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Dn还坐在它的座位上。A. kids小孩；B. friends朋友；C. wner主人；D. mther妈妈。根据下文Lamb and mther，可知小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。
【38 题详解】C
考查动词短语辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Dn还坐在它的座位上。A. ask abut询问；B. play with同……一起玩；C. tend t照看；D. run int撞上。上文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以可以推测出我跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选C。
【39 题详解】C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。A. freed使自由；B. switched转变；C. reunited重聚；D. examined检查。下文说我转过身去看拖拉机，因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉机。故选C。
【40 题详解】A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这太出乎意料了，因为我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. dangerus危险的；C. embarrassing使人尴尬的；D. difficult困难的。上文说我看见拖拉机突然离开了我，下文说我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。
【41 题详解】D
考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，Dn以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. Frtunately幸运地；B. Generally通常；C. Immediately立即；D. Obviusly显然。根据while Dn stayed in his seat可知我跳下车，照顾小羊的时候，Dn还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Dn以某种方式使车子动了起来。故选D。
【42 题详解】B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，Dn以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. lamb小羊；B. vehicle车辆；C. seat座位；D. fence栅栏。根据I turned back t the tractr nly t see it mve suddenly away frm me.可知我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。所以这里指的是Dn开走了我的车。故选B。
【43 题详解】A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. saw看到；B. stpped停止；C. remembered记得；D. drve驾驶。下文说，我拼命地追，所以我是看到了拖拉机朝高速公路开去。故选A。
【44 题详解】B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. crwd人群；B. mtrway高速公路；C. field旷野；D. hill小山。根据near where a mtrway cuts thrugh my land.和having miraculusly (奇迹般地) crssed the…rad with fast-flwing traffic.可知拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故选B。
【45 题详解】B
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我拼命地跑，但没能追上。A. take ff起飞； B. catch up追上； C. hld back阻止；D. get ut出去。根据I ran desperately以及下文It crashed thrugh a wden fence and disappeared.可知我没有追上拖拉机。故选B。
【46 题详解】D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最后看到的是Dn的脸，它平静地看着我。A. real真实的；B. best最好的； C. basic基本的；D. last最后的。Dn平静地看着我，这是我最后看到的事情。故选D。
【47 题详解】C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心都提到嗓子眼了，我抵达栅栏，仔细检查。A. fixed固定；B. nticed注意； C. reached抵达；D. clsed关。根据and lked ver可知我是抵达了栅栏。故选C。
【48 题详解】A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. resting 倚靠；B. running跑； C. parking停车；D. turning转动。根据the crash barrier in the central reservatin可知拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。故选A。
【49 题详解】D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. steep陡峭的；B. lng长的；C. rugh粗糙的；D. busy繁忙的。根据fast-flwing traffic可知这条高速公路非常繁忙。故选D。
【50 题详解】B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Dn，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. abandned抛弃； B. apprached接近;C. recgnized意识到；D. repaired修理。下文说我的狗冲回我身边，所以我必定是接近了拖拉机。故选B。
【51 题详解】C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Dn，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. unclean不洁的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. unhurt没有受伤的；D. unhappy不快乐的。根据下文n ne gt badly hurt可知我的狗没有受伤。故选C。
【52 题详解】A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察来了，高速公路的运行又恢复了正常。A. arrived到达；B. replied回答；C. survived幸存；D. waited等待。下文说高速公路的运行又恢复了正常，可知是警察到达，处理了情况。故选A。
【53 题详解】C
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. ability能力；B. dream梦想； C. luck运气；D. idea想法。我的狗驾驶着拖拉机上了车水马龙的高速路，结果却没有人受伤，所以我不相信我有这么好的运气。故选C。
【54 题详解】D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. cmmn普通的；B. cnfusing混乱的；C. desirable令人向往的；D. awful可怕的。根据上文作者的极度担忧My heart frze in my chest和Heart in muth以及生活常识，动物开车上了高速路，结果可能是非常可怕的。故选D。
【55 题详解】A
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dn那天晚上被给予了一顿特别的晚餐——我不想让它认为我生它的气。A. meal一餐；B. test测验；C. jb工作； D. lessn教训。根据下文I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.可知我不想让它认为我生它的气，所以我给它提供了一顿特别的晚餐。故选A。
四、2019年高考真题
【2019·全国卷II】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s abut 250 miles frm the hills f west-central lwa t Ehlers’ hme in Minnesta. During the lng trip hme, fllwing a weekend f hunting. Ehlers ___41___abut the small dg he had seen ___42___ alngside the rad. He had ___43___ t cax(哄)the dg t him but, frightened, it had ___44___.
Back hme, Ehlers was trubled by that ___45___ dg. S, fur days later, he called his friend Greg, and the tw drve ___46___. After a lng and careful ___47___. Greg saw, acrss a field, the dg mving ___48___ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in caxing the animal t him. Nervusness and fear were replaced with ___49___. It just started licking(舔)Ehlers’ face.
A lcal farmer tld them the dg sunded like ne ___50___ as lst in the lcal paper. The ad had a ___51___ number fr a twn in suthern Michigan. Ehlers ___52___ the number f Jeff and Lisa t tell them he had ___53___ their dg.
Jeff had ___54___ in lwa befre Thanksgiving with his dg, Rsie, but the gun shts had scared the dg ff. Jeff searched ___55___ fr Rsie in the next fur days.
Ehlers returned t Minnestan, and then drve 100 miles t Minneaplis t put Rsie n a flight t Michigan. “It’s gd t knw there’s still smene ut there wh ___56___ enugh t g t that kind f ___57___,”says Lisa f Ehlers’ rescue ___58___.
I figured whever lst the dg was prbably just as ___59___ t it as I am t my dgs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dg, I’d hpe that smebdy wuld be ___60___ t g that extra mile.”
41. A. readB. frgtC. thughtD. heard
42. A. fightingB. tremblingC. eatingD. sleeping
43. A. triedB. agreedC. prmisedD. regretted
44. A. calmed dwnB. std upC. rlled verD. run ff
45. A. injuredB. stlenC. lstD. rescued
46. A. hmeB. pastC. backD. n
47. A. preparatinB. explanatinC. testD. search
48. A. cautiuslyB. casuallyC. skillfullyD. angrily
49. A. surpriseB. jyC. hesitatinD. anxiety
50. A. predictedB. advertisedC. believedD. recrded
51. A. huseB. phneC. streetD. car
52. A. calledB. cpiedC. cuntedD. remembered
53. A. fedB. adptedC. fundD. cured
54. A. huntedB. skiedC. livedD. wrked
55. A. n purpseB. n timeC. in turnD. in vain
56. A. caresB. seesC. suffersD. learns
57. A. placeB. trubleC. wasteD. extreme
58. A. serviceB. planC. effrtD. team
59. A. equalB. allergicC. gratefulD. clse
60. A. suitableB. prudC. wiseD. wiling
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ehlers和他的朋友救助了一只丢失的小狗，最终帮它找到了主人。
【41 题详解】C
考查动词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此处是指Ehlers一直在想关于那只狗的事，think abut考虑。故选C。
【42 题详解】B
考查动词词义辨析。根据下文作者去哄小狗可知，这只狗是在路边发抖，trembling发抖。故选B。
【43 题详解】A
考查动词词义辨析。根据下文可知，他在尽力的哄那只狗，try t d sth尽力做某事。故选A。
【44 题详解】D
考查动词短语辨析。他在尽力的哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此处是指那只狗被吓跑了，run ff“跑开”的意思。故选D。
【45 题详解】C
考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文可知，这只狗是别人丢失的，因此此处用lst“丢失”。故选C。
【46 题详解】C
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers给他的朋友Greg打电话，他们俩又驱车返回。 根据上文可知，此处是指他们又返回到之前见到那只走失的狗的地方，back向后，回原处。故选C。
【47 题详解】D
考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Greg在越过田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此处是指他们在仔细寻找小狗，search寻找。故选D。
【48 题详解】A
考查副词词义辨析。根据文中提到的frightened, nervusness, fear等词并结合上文并根据下文Ehlers最终成功的安抚了它可知，小狗非常的谨慎小心，cautiusly谨慎地，小心地。故选A。
【49 题详解】B
考查名词词义辨析。根据下文小狗开始舔Ehlers的脸可知，它不再害怕，而是很开心，jy开心。故选B。
【50 题详解】B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地的一个农民告诉他们，这听起来像是当地报纸上刊登的那只丢失的狗。根据本句的in the lcal paper及语境可知，此处是指在报纸上刊登的，advertise登广告。故选B。
【51 题详解】B
考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers给狗的主人打电话可知，此处是指广告上有电话号码，phne number电话号码。故选B。
【52 题详解】A
考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，此处是指Ehlers给Jeff和Lisa（狗的主人）打了电话，call打电话。故选A。
【53 题详解】C
考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，Ehlers给他们打电话是要告知他找到了他们的狗，find找到。故选C。
【54 题详解】A
考查动词词义辨析。根据下文狗听到枪声吓跑了可知，此处是指Jeff带着狗在打猎，hunt打猎。故选A。
【55 题详解】D
考查介词短语辨析。根据上文Ehlers找到的Jeff的狗可知，Jeff在狗丢失后没有找到他的狗，in vain徒劳。故选D。
【56 题详解】A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很高兴知道还有那么一个人，他足够关心你，会去做这样麻烦的事。根据上文可知，此处是指Ehlers对狗足够关心，care关心。故选A。
【57 题详解】B
考查名词词义辨析。根据上文Ehlers开车把那只小狗Rsie送到100英里远的机场，把它航空托运到密歇根可知，这是件很麻烦的事情，truble麻烦。故选B。
【58 题详解】C
考查名词词义辨析。根据上文可知，此处是指Lisa在评论Ehlers帮助他们找回狗付出的努力，effrt努力。故选C。
【59 题详解】D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想无论是谁丢了狗，可能就像我接近我的狗一样去接近它。根据下文Ehlers说的话可知，此处是指他对待那只狗就像对自己的狗一样，clse t靠近。故选D。
【60 题详解】D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望有人愿意付出更多的努力。根据上文语境可知，此处是表达他希望面对这样的事情，大家能愿意去付出更多努力去帮忙，be willing t d乐意做某事。故选D。
【2019·全国卷III】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small twn f Rjukan in Nrway is situated between several muntains and des nt get direct sunlight frm late September t mid-March- ___41___ six mnths ut f the year.
Of curse, we ___42___ it when the sun is shining," says Karin R, wh wrks fr the twn’s turism ffice. “We see the sky is ___43___, but dwn in the valley it’s darker — it’s like n a ___44___ day.”
But that ___45___ when a system f high-tech ___46___ was intrduced t reflect sunlight frm neighbring peaks(山峰)int the valley belw. Wednesday, residents(居民)f Rjukan ___47___ their very first ray f winter sunshine: A rw f reflective bards n a nearby muntainside were put t ___48___. The mirrrs are cntrlled by a cmputer that ___49___ them t turn alng with the sun thrughut the ___50___ and t clse during windy weather. They reflect a cncentrated beam(束)f light nt the twn’s central ___51___, creating an area f sunlight rughly 600 square meters. When the light ___52___, Rjukan residents gathered tgether.
“Peple have been ___53___ there and standing there and taking ___54___ f each ther," R says. "The twn square was ttally ___55___. I think almst all the peple in the twn were there. "The 3,500 residents cannt all ___56___ the sunshine at the same time. ___57___, the new light feels like mre than enugh fr the twn’s ___58___ residents.
"It's nt very ___59___,” she says, "but it is enugh when we are ___60___.”
41. A. nlyB. bviuslyC. nearlyD. precisely
42. A. fearB. believeC. hearD. ntice
43. A. emptyB. blueC. highD. wide
44. A. cludyB. nrmalC. differentD. warm
45. A. helpedB. changedC. happenedD. mattered
46. A. cmputersB. telescpesC. mirrrsD. cameras
47. A. rememberedB. frecastedC. receivedD. imagined
48. A. repairB. riskC. restD. use
49. A. frbidsB. directsC. predictsD. fllws
50. A. dayB. nightC. mnthD. year
51. A. libraryB. hallC. squareD. street
52. A. appearedB. returnedC. fadedD. stpped
53. A. drivingB. hidingC. campingD. siting
54. A. picturesB. ntesC. careD. hld
55. A. newB. fullC. flatD. silent
56. A. blckB. avidC. enjyD. stre
57. A. InsteadB. HweverC. GraduallyD. Similarly
58. A. nature-lvingB. energy-savingC. weather-beatenD. sun-starved
59. A. bigB. clearC. cldD. easy
60. A. tryingB. waitingC. watchingD. sharing
【语篇解读】本文属于说明文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此在附近的山顶安装了一套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场。每当光线照射的时候，人们就聚集在广场上，为寒冷的冬季增添一丝明亮。
【41 题详解】C
考查副词词义辨析。A. nly仅仅；B. bviusly 显然地；C. nearly几乎；D. precisely准确的。根据前文frm late September t mid-March可知，从九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故选C。
【42 题详解】D
考查动词词义辨析。A. fear害怕；B. believe相信；C. hear听见；D. ntice注意。根据后文We see the sky is 43 , but dwn in the valley it's darker可知，我们看到天空是蓝色，但是到山谷的时候，就会变得更暗了，故可知，太阳照耀的时候，我们观察得到，故选D。
【43 题详解】B
考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty空的；B. blue蓝色的；C. high搞得；D. wide宽的。根据常识可知，有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故选B。
【44 题详解】A
考查形容词词义辨析。A. cludy多云的；B. nrmal正常的；C. different不同的；D. warm温暖的。根据前文dwn in the valley it's darker可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一样，故选A。
【45 题详解】B
考查动词词义辨析。A. helped帮助；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. mattered关系重大。根据后文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故选B。
【46 题详解】C
考查名词词义辨析。A. cmputers电脑；B. telescpes望远镜；C. mirrrs镜子；D. cameras相机。根据后文t reflect sunlight frm neighbring peaks可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳光，故可知，为一枚镜子，故选C。
【47 题详解】C
考查动词词义辨析。A. remembered记得；B. frecasted预报；C. received获得，收到；D. imagined想象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故选C。
【48 题详解】D
考查名词词义辨析。A. repair修理；B. risk风险；C. rest 休息；D. use使用。根据前一句their very first ray f winter sunshine可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入使用了，故选D。 put sth t use把某物投入使用。
【49 题详解】B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移动，在大风的天气就自动关闭。A. frbids禁止；B. directs指导，导演；C. predicts预测；D. fllws跟随，追随。本句描述这套系统的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移动，故选B。
【50 题详解】A
考查名词词义辨析。A. day白天；B. night夜晚；C. mnth月；D. year年。根据文章可知，太阳光出现在白天，故选A。
【51 题详解】C
考查名词词义辨析。A. library图书馆；B. hall大厅；C. square广场；D. street街道。根据后文The twn square可知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故选C。
【52 题详解】A
考查动词词义辨析。A. appeared出现；B. returned归还；C. faded褪去；D. stpped停止。根据后文Rjukan residents gathered tgether可知，当光照出现的时候，居民出来，故选A。
【53 题详解】D
考查动词词义辨析。A. driving驾驶；B. hiding隐藏；C. camping露营；D. sitting坐。根据本句and standing there可知，光照出现的时候，人们会出来活动，坐在那里，站在那里，故选D。
【54 题详解】A
考查名词词义辨析。A. pictures照片，图片；B. ntes笔记；C. care照顾；D. hld抓住。根据文章可知，会彼此拍照，故选A。
【55 题详解】B
考查形容词词义辨析。A. new新的；B. full满的；C. flat平坦的；D. silent沉默的。根据后文I think almst all the peple in the twn were there.可知，差不多全镇的人都在广场上，故可知广场全是人，故选B。
【56 题详解】C
考查动词词义辨析。A. blck阻挡；B. avid避免；C. enjy喜欢，享受；D. stre储存。根据句意可知，并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，故选C。
【57 题详解】B
考查副词词义辨析。A. Instead代替；B. Hwever然而；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Similarly相似地。前一句意思为并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句，新的光线为小镇人们的意义不仅仅提供光线，故可知前后句属于转折关系，故选B。
【58 题详解】D
考查形容词词义辨析。A. nature-lving热爱自然的；B. energy-saving节能的；C. weather-beaten受风雨侵蚀的；D. sun-starved渴望阳光的。根据前文可知，小镇差不多半年没有阳光，故可知小镇人们渴望阳光，故选D。
【59 题详解】A
考查形容词词义辨析。A. big大的；B. clear清晰的；C. cld冷的；D. easy容易的。根据前文可知，镜子反射的光线有限，范围不够大，故选A。
【60 题详解】D
考查动词词义辨析。A. trying尝试；B. waiting 等待；C. watching 观看；D. sharing分享。根据句意可知，大家一起晒太阳就足够了，故选D。
【2019·北京卷】
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Regardless f the weather r the distance, Paul Wilsn will make sure lw-incme students in his neighburhd arrive at their cllege classes n time.
A retired engineer, 76-year-ld Wilsn has been ___11___ free rides t cllege students fr the past eight years. Since he first started ___12___ his car t the yung peple. Wilsn has ___13___ am astnishing 64, 000 miles, and has had cuntless pleasant and ften humrus ___14___ with the students he transprts t and frm schl. The students wh he's ___15___ have gne n t becme physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they've als gt ut f their time in schl is finding a rle mdel and a friend in Wilsn. Sme students ___16___ call him “Grandpa”.
Tina Stern ___17___ rides frm Wilsn fr all her fur years in cllege and the trips meant much mre t her than just free ___18___. "It's nt just a ride；yu're nt just sitting there in ___19___ silence r with yur headphnes n.” Stern said. “He asks yu questins and actually ___20___ the answers, s the next time yu ride with him, he'll ___21___ thse things."
Wilsn first wrked as a driver thrugh a student-supprt prgramme f the nn-prfit rganisatin. On Pint fr Cllege. Althugh the ___22___ asks the members nly t drive students t and frm their classes, Wilsn ften ges ___23___ t ensure the welfare and safety f the students. If they have prblems with registratin.Wilsn is there t ___24___ them. If they run ut f certain daily necessities. Wilsn will drive t the nearest stre and purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungry n the lng drives t and frm schl, Wilsn never ___25___ t buy them a meal.
Fr many students, Wilsn's help is nt nly appreciated, it's als entirely ___26___ fr them t be able t cmplete their cllege educatin. Sme students dn't have a reliable car, while thers have t ___27___ vehicles with parents wh wrk six days a week. Fr them, riding with Wilsn has ___28___ them t cmplete their educatin — but accrding t Wilsn, he benefits just as much frm the ___29___. “I just lve driving and I lve these kids, "Wilsn said. "It's such a(n) ___30___ t be a part f these kids’ lives, even just fr a few hurs, getting t knw them and hearing their stries."
11. A. linkingB. sendingC. fferingD. distributing
12. A. dnatingB. lendingC. deliveringD. vlunteering
13. A. pavedB. cveredC. measuredD. wandered
14. A. argumentsB. interviewsC. negtiatinsD. cnversatins
15. A. metB. drivenC. addressedD. greeted
16. A. evenB. everC. nceD. already
17. A. earnedB. receivedC. assessedD. demanded
18. A. transprtatinB. styleC. timeD. cmmunicatin
19. A. frcedB. awkwardC. ridiculusD. suspicius
20. A. selectsB. recitesC. guessesD. remembers
21. A. act nB. settle nC. check nD. agree n
22. A. clubB. leagueC. cllegeD. prgramme
23. A. farB. arundC. beyndD. frwards
24. A. assistB. watchC. urgeD. warm
25. A. expectsB. attemptsC. managesD. hesitates
26. A. extraB. unusualC. necessaryD. adequate
27. A. shareB. fuelC. repairD. exchange
28. A. requiredB. allwedC. remindedD. cnvinced
29. A. experienceB. arrangementC. appreciatinD. emplyment
30. A. effrtB. ambitinC. privilegeD. cnvenience
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了76岁的Paul Wilsn八年来免费接送低收入的学生上学的感人事迹。
【11 题详解】C
根据第一段可知，Paul Wilsn确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指：Wilsn给那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故C选项正确。
【12 题详解】D
根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilsn是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故D选项正确。
【13 题详解】B
Wilsn让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程64,000英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用cver。B选项正确。
【14 题详解】D
Wilsn在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间肯定有“谈话，交谈”，故D选项正确。
【15 题详解】B
根据上文可知，Wilsn每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工程师等。该空应该对应上一句中的“he transprts t and frm schl”，故B选项正确。drive意为“驾车送（人）”。
【16 题详解】A
这些学生将Wilsn当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故A选项正确。
【17 题详解】B
根据后面的介词frm可以推知，Tina Stern从Wilsn那儿获得免费的乘车机会。B选项正确。
【18 题详解】A
对Tina Stern来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。A选项正确。transprtatin意为“运送”。
【19 题详解】B
Tina说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴着耳麦坐在那儿。” 坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故B选项正确。
【20 题详解】D
在坐车的时候，Wilsn会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。D选项正确。
【21 题详解】C
在坐车的时候，Wilsn会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候，
Wilsn会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilsn会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学习情况。故C选项正确。
【22 题详解】D
根据上一句中的“prgramme”可知，D选项正确。Wilsn最初通过一个非盈利组织On Pint fr Cllege的一个项目作一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。
【23 题详解】C
结合下文中提到的“If they have prblems with registratin, Wilsn is there t ____ them. If they run ut f…If a student gets hungry…”可知，Wilsn的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。故C选项正确。
【24 题详解】A
如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilsn会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。A选项正确。
【25 题详解】D
从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是Wilsn对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子们在上下学的途中饿了的时候，Wilsn都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。D选项正确。
【26 题详解】C
根据下文中“Sme students dn’t have a reliable car, while thers….Fr them, riding with Wilsn has ____ them t cmplete their educatin”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说，乘坐Wilsn的车对于他们完成大学教育来说是必须的。C选项正确。
【27 题详解】A
有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示“共用”，需用share。A选项正确。
【28 题详解】B
乘坐Wilsn的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“使得某人做某事，使某人能够做某事”应该用allw sb. t d sth.。故B选项正确。
【29 题详解】A
Wilsn认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。A选项正确。
【30 题详解】C
Wilsn认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些学生，听到他们的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故C选项正确：荣幸，荣耀。
【2019·浙江卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
There are lts f ways t raise awareness fr a cause. Usually, the ___36___ the idea is, the mre it gets nticed. And that’s precisely why ne ___37___ Frenchman has caught ur attentin.
Baptiste Dubanchet is biking acrss Eurpe，surviving ___38___ n discarded(丢弃)fd. The three-mnth, 1 900-mile jurney frm Paris t Warsaw is Dubanchet’s ___39___ f raising awareness f fd waste in Eurpe and thrughut the wrld.
As yu can ___40___, the trip is n piece f cake. While restaurants ___41___ tns f fd each year, much f it remains inaccessible because f ___42___ garbage cntainers, health regulatins, r business plicies. Only abut ne in ten places ___43___ him fd that wuld therwise be discarded.
Fr legal ___44___, mst restaurants have a plicy against ___45___ fd waste. "Sme peple have even ___46___ their jbs by giving me fd," Dubanchet said.
What's ___47___ interesting is the attitude varius cities have tward Dubanchet’s cause. Berlin has been the ___48___ while the mst difficult was the Czech twn f Pilsen. There, he had t ___49___ at sme 50 different stres r restaurants befre finding fd. The 50 is all the mre serius when yu cnsider the ___51___ exercise required t bike frm France t Pland.
"I have t get fd ___52___ because after all the biking I am tired and I need the ___53___,"
Dubanchet explained. "Is my ___54___ full r empty? That is the mst imprtant thing, nt what I am eating."
He aims t ___55___ his jurney by mid-July. With any luck, he’ll turn a few mre heads in the prcess.
36. A. clevererB. lderC. strangerD. simpler
37. A. garbage-eatingB. sprts-lvingC. fd-wastingD. law-breaking
38. A. secretlyB. finallyC. entirelyD. prbably
39. A. purpseB. wayC. pininD. dream
40. A. bserveB. imagineC. suggestD. remember
41. A. streB. ckC. shp frD. thrw away
42. A. lckedB. damagedC. cnnectedD. abandned
43. A. bughtB. fferedC. rderedD. sld
44. A. reasnsB. rightsC. feesD. aids
45. A. begging frB. giving awayC. hidingD. causing
46. A. didB. keptC. acceptedD. risked
47. A. hardlyB. usuallyC. particularlyD. merely
48. A. easiestB. nearestC. biggestD. richest
49. A. wrkB. shutC. askD. jump
50. A. cmpetitinB. cnversatinC. cnflictD. challenge
51. A. adequateB. rewardingC. demandingD. suitable
52. A. againB. alneC. laterD. fast
53. A. spiritB. energyC. timeD. effrt
54. A. stmachB. handC. pcketD. basket
55. A. arrangeB. restartC. reprtD. finish
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意，Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。
【36 题详解】 C
考查形容词辨析。根据Usually, the 36 the idea is, the mre it gets nticed.可知这里意思是通常，这个观点越奇怪，它就会越受到关注。A. cleverer更聪明的；B. lder更老的；C. stranger更奇怪；D. simpler更简单的，故选C。
【37 题详解】 A
考查形容词辨析。根据Baptiste Dubanchet is biking acrss Eurpe, surviving 38 n discarded(丢弃) fd.可知这里意思是那就是为什么一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意。A. garbage-eating吃垃圾的；B. sprts-lving爱好体育的；C. fd-wasting浪费食物的； D. law-breaking破坏法律的，故选A。
【38 题详解】 C
考查副词辨析。句意：Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。A.secretly 秘密地；B. finally 最后；C. entirely完全地；D. prbably很可能，故选C。
【39 题详解】 B
考查名词辨析。句意：从巴黎到华沙历时三个月、1900英里的旅程，是Dubanchet引起欧洲和全世界对食物残羹注意的道路。A.purpse目的；B.way道路；C.pinin意见；D. dream梦想，故选B。
【40 题详解】 B
考查动词辨析。句意：你可以想象，这次旅行不是小菜一碟。A. bserve观察；B. imagine想象；C. suggest建议；D. remember记得，故选B。
【41 题详解】 D
考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然餐馆每年扔掉大量的食物，但由于垃圾容器上锁、卫生规定或商业政策，很多食物仍然难以接近。A . stre存储；B.ck做饭；C. shp fr购买某物；D. thrw away扔掉，故选D。
【42 题详解】A
考查形容词辨析。根据it remains inaccessible可知这里意思是垃圾容器上锁。A.lcked上锁的；B . damaged被损坏的；C.cnnected连接的；D. abandned被抛弃的，故选A。
【43 题详解】 B
考查动词辨析。句意：只有大约十分之一的地方给他提供了食物，否则就会被丢弃。A.bught买；B. ffered提供；C . rdered命令；D. sld销售，故选B。
【44 题详解】 A
考查名词辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止浪费食物的政策。A.reasns原因；B. rights权利；C.fees费用；D. aids援助，故选A。
【45 题详解】B
考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。A. begging fr乞求； B. giving away分发；C . hiding隐藏；D. causing造成，故选B。
【46 题详解】 D
考查动词辨析。上文说由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。可知这里意思是有些人甚至冒着失业的危险给我食物。A.did做；B. kept保持；C.accepted接受；
D. risked冒…的危险，故选D。
【47 题详解】 C
考查副词辨析。句意：特别有趣的是各个城市对Dubanchet事件的态度。A.hardly几乎不；
B. usually 通常；C . particularly特别是；D . merely仅仅，故选C。
【48 题详解】 A
考查形容词辨析。根据while the mst difficult was the Czech twn f Pilsen.可知这里意思是柏林是最容易的。A.easiest最容易的；B . nearest最近的；C . biggest最大的；D. richest最富有的，故选A。
【49 题详解】 C
考查动词辨析。句意：在那里，他必须在大约50家不同的商店或餐馆询问，才能找到食物。A.wrk工作；B. shut 呼喊；C.ask询问；D. jump跳跃，故选C。
【50 题详解】 D
考查名词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严峻了。A. cmpetitin竞赛；B. cnversatin会话；C. cnflict冲突；D. challenge挑战，故选D。
【51 题详解】 C
考查形容词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严峻了。A. adequate充足的；B. rewarding有益的；C. demanding要求高的；D. suitable适当的，故选C。
【52 题详解】D
考查副词辨析。句意：我必须快点吃东西，因为骑了那么多自行车，我累了，我需要能量。A.again再一次；B. alne独自地；C . later后来；D. fast迅速地，故选D。
【53 题详解】 B
考查名词辨析。根据because after all the biking I am tired可知我需要能量。A.spirit精神；
B . energy能量；C.time时间；D. effrt努力，故选B。
【54 题详解】A
考查名词辨析。根据That is the mst imprtant thing, nt what I am eating.可知这里意思是我的胃是满的还是空的。A. stmach胃；B. hand手；C. pcket口袋；D. basket篮子，故选A。
【55 题详解】 D
考查动词辨析。根据With any luck, he'll tum a few mre heads in the prcess.可知这里意思是他计划在七月中旬结束他的旅行。A.arrange安排；B . restart重新开始；C. reprt报告；D. finish结束，故选D。
2018年高考真题
【2018·全国卷II】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Tw weeks earlier, my sn, Ben, had gt in tuch. He’d mved t England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d 41 seen him. S imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he wanted t cme t visit me.
I was 43 ! I arrived early at Byrn Bay where we were suppsed t 44 . The bay was 45 in sunshine, and there was a grup f kayakers arund 150m ff the shre. Getting a little 46 , I realized ne kayak（皮划艇） was in 47 . ＂Smething’s nt 48 !＂ I tk ff my T-shirt and 49 int the water. I saw there were tw instructrs n bard and a man lying acrss the middle. He was 50 vilently. Linking arms with ne f the instructrs. I helped 51 the yung man ut f the water. He was uncnscius and as I lked at his face, smething 52 t me. Thse brwn eyes were very 53 . ＂What’s his name?＂ I asked the instructr. ＂Ben,＂ he replied, and immediately I 54 . That stranger was my sn!
The instructrs called fr an ambulance. 55 , after a brief stay in hspital, Ben was well enugh t be allwed t 56 and later the family met up fr dinner. We chatted abut everything and then Ben 57 t me. ＂I just want t say thank yu,＂ he said. ＂Yu 58 my life!＂
I still can’t believe what a 59 it was. I’m just s glad I was there 60 t help my sn.
B.ftenC.evenD.last
B.reliefC.angerD.wrry
B.shckedC.thrilledD.ashamed
B.stayC.meetD.settle
B.cleanC.deepD.frmed
B.clserC.heavierD.wiser
B.advanceC.questinD.battle
B.rightC.fairD.fit
B.sankC.divedD.fell
B.fightingC.shutingD.shaking
B.persuadeC.carryD.keep
B.ccurredC.appliedD.appealed
B.pleasantC.attractiveD.familiar
B.hesitatedC.dubtedD.knew
B.FranklyC.SadlyD.Suddenly
B.relaxC.speakD.leave
B.turnedC.listenedD.pinted
B.hnredC.savedD.guided
B.changeC.pityD.pain
B.intimeC.frsureD.npurpse
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者13年后和儿子见面的情景。在和儿子见面的地点，作者救了一个年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己13年未见的儿子。
【41 题详解】D 考查副词词义辨析。根据空前句中可知，儿子在三岁的时候离开，到现在已经13年了。由此可以暗示出是上一次见面。A. als也；B. ften经常；C. even甚至；D. last上一次，故选D项切题。
【42 题详解】A 考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子的电子邮件，并且说要来看自己。由此可以推知，我很快乐、开心。A. delight高兴，愉快；B. relief (痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，减轻；C. anger怒，忿怒；D. wrry担心。故选A项切题。
【43 题详解】C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据第一段可知，作者13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子要来拜访自己的电子邮件，肯定是欣喜若狂。A. scared惊恐的；B. shcked震惊的；C. thrilled欣喜若狂的；D. ashamed惭愧的。故选C项切题。
【44 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前可知，我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们应该在那里见面。A. talk谈话；B. stay停留；C. meet见面；D. settle解决。故选C项切题。
【45 题详解】A 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。A. bathed沐浴；B. clean清扫；C. deep深处；D. frmed形成。故选A项切题。
【46 题详解】B 考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较近一点，才能意识到一只皮划艇出现意外。A. faster迅速的；B. clser靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier重的，沉重的；D. wiser有智慧的；聪明的。故选B项切题。
【47 题详解】A 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文儿子出现意外情况可知，一只皮筏艇处于麻烦之中。A. truble麻烦，困难；B. advance前进，进展；C. questin问题，疑问；D. battle战斗，战役。故选A项切题。
【48 题详解】B 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上句皮划艇处于麻烦之中可知，某件事不正常。A. real真实的；B. right正确的，正常的；C. fair公平的；D. fit合适的。故选B项切题。
【49 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文皮划艇有麻烦和下文我去帮忙救人可知，我脱掉我的T恤衫，跳入水中。A. stared盯着看，目不转睛地看，凝视；B. sank下沉，沉没；C. dived潜水，跳水；D. fell打倒；击倒。故选C项切题。
【50 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文a man lying acrss the middle和下文He was uncnscius可知，应该是剧烈的颤抖、摇动。A. arguing争论，辩论；B. fighting打架；C. shuting呼喊；D. shaking摇动。故选D项切题。
【51 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。我帮助把年轻人带出水面。A. lead领导，引导，带领；B. persuade说服，劝服；C. carry搬运，装运；D. keep保持；保存，保留；故选C项切题。
【52 题详解】B 考查动词词义辨析。根据句意可知，当我看着他的脸时，我想到了一些事情。ccur跟t短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”，happen后接不定式，是"碰巧"的意思。故选B项切题。
【53 题详解】D 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文，“What’s his name?”可知，他棕色的眼睛对我来说是很熟悉的。A. sharp锐利的；锋利的；B. pleasant愉快的，快乐的，舒适的；C. attractive有吸引力的；引人注目的；D. familiar亲密的，熟悉的。故选D项切题。
【54 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“That stranger was my sn”可知，我马上就知道。A. agreed同意，赞成，承认，答应；B. hesitated犹豫，踌躇；C. dubted怀疑；疑惑；D. knew知道，了解。故选D项切题。
【55 题详解】A 考查副词词义辨析。根据空后句子可知，应该是幸运地。A. Frtunately幸运地，侥幸地；B. Frankly率直地，坦白地，真诚地；C. Sadly悲哀地，悲伤地；D. Suddenly突然地，忽然地；故选A项切题。
【56 题详解】D 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前was well enugh可知，应该是被允许出院。A. return返回；报答；B. relax放松，休息；C. speak说；D. leave离开。故选D项切题。
【57 题详解】B 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I just want t say thank yu”可知，Ben转向我向我说谢谢。A. jked开玩笑；B. turned转向；C. listened听；D. pinted指出。故选B项切题。
【58 题详解】C 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I helped carry the man ut f the water”可知，应该是挽救了我的生命。A. created创造；创作；B. hnred尊敬；尊重；给与荣誉；C. saved救，拯救；D. guided指导，指挥；故选C项切题。
【59 题详解】A 考查名词词义辨析。我没有想到这是多么巧合的一件事呀!A. cincidence巧合，巧事；B. change改变，变更，变换；C. pity怜悯，同情；D. pain疼痛；痛苦。故选A项切题。
【60 题详解】B 考查介词词组词义辨析。我高兴的是我在那儿及时帮助了我的儿子。A. n bard在船上；B. in time及时；C. fr sure肯定；D. n purpse目的。故选B项切题。
【知识拓展】ccur和happen的区别
1. ccur是比较正式的用语，可用于具体或抽象的事物，通常指按计划或规律在较为确定的时间“发生”的事。跟t短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”。例如：Smething ccurred意思是“某事发生了”。
An idea ccurs t me that ging t Switzerland fr traveling will be marvelus! 我想到去瑞士旅游会很棒!
2. happen常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的“发生”，是不及物动词。例如：Hw did the accident happen? 这事故是怎样发生的?
If anything happens, please let me knw. 有什么事发生，请告诉我。
如果happen后接不定式，是“碰巧”的意思。如：
I happened t meet him n my way hme. 我在回家的路上碰巧遇到他。
注意：happen和happen t都是不及物动词或短语，不能用于被动语态。
三、模拟演练
一、2022年模拟训练
（2022·山西·一模）
Life ffers its fair share f challenges. At any given time, anyne can face difficult sea- sns in their life. It is true fr yu. When yu're experiencing difficulty, it's always helpful t have a supprt system t get thrugh it. ____1____Knwing this, there are a few ways yu can becme supprtive f a family member wh is in the midst f a struggle.
Offer legal resurces. If yu have family members wh are in truble with the law, yu can ffer assistance by pinting in the directin f varius legal resurces, Yu can even decide t cver a part f their legal fees in curt. ____2____
Prvide encuragement. When peple are dwn n their luck, it's really easy fr them t get discuraged and give up. Instead, it's a wise mve t ffer wrds f encuragement t the persn. Always remind them that they're strng, capable and mre pwerful than they realize.____3____
Be a safe place. Smetimes, peple struggle because they dn't feel any lve r supprt frm anyne arund them. ____4____Be their light in the dark places. This can d s much fr smene wh is carrying a lt n the inside.
____5____Yu never want t make a persn feel like they can't make it withut yu in their life. If yu're allwing the family member t live with yu fr a certain perid f time, be strict abut what needs t happen during that time. Make sure that they develp a plan, time line and measured actin steps that can help them get back n their feet.
A．N man is an island.
B．Encurage independence
C．In fact, they are surrunded by pressure.
D．Always cmpete with yur family members.
E．Tell them that they will get thrugh this situatin.
F．It's all up t yu t decide hw yu can help them.
G．Hwever, yu knw that there's nthing yu can d.
【答案】1．A2．F3．E4．C5．B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。生活总是充满挑战。在任何时候，任何人都可能在他们的生活中面对困难。当你遇到困难时，有人支持你度过难关总是很有帮助的。本文介绍了帮助家人渡过难关的几个办法。
【1 题详解】
根据上文“Life ffers its fair share f challenges. At any given time, anyne can face difficult sea- sns in their life. It is true fr yu. When yu're experiencing difficulty, it's always helpful t have a supprt system t get thrugh it.(生活总是充满挑战。在任何时候，任何人都可能在他们的生活中面对困难。这对你来说是真的。当你遇到困难时，有人支持你度过难关总是很有帮助的)”讲到任何人都有遇到困难的时刻。A项字面意思为“没有人是一座孤岛”，深层含义为我们都是有亲人朋友的，都要互相帮助的，也呼应上文的supprt，还能引出下文，要学会一些帮助亲人度过难关的方法，符合语境。故选A项。
【2 题详解】
根据上文“Offer legal resurces. If yu have family members wh are in truble with the law, yu can ffer assistance by pinting in the directin f varius legal resurces, Yu can even decide t cver a part f their legal fees in curt.( 提供法律资源。如果你的家庭成员在法律上遇到了麻烦，你可以通过指向各种法律资源的方向来提供帮助，你甚至可以决定在法庭上为他们支付一部分法律费用。如何帮助他们全由你决定)”举例了帮助遇到法律问题的家人的两个办法。F项内容：到底采取哪种方法去帮助他们是由你决定的，符合语境。故选F项。
【3 题详解】
本空位于段末，上文“Prvide encuragement. When peple are dwn n their luck, it's really easy fr them t get discuraged and give up. Instead, it's a wise mve t ffer wrds f encuragement t the persn. Always remind them that they're strng, capable and mre pwerful than they realize.（提供鼓励。当人们运气不好的时候，他们很容易气馁和放弃。相反，给对方一些鼓励的话是一个明智的举动。总是提醒他们，他们比自己意识到的更强大、更有能力）”表示，遇到困难的人都需要鼓励，E项内容：告诉他们能一定能渡过难关，这也是鼓励的话，承接上文。故选E项。
【4 题详解】
本空前一句“Smetimes, peple struggle because they dn't feel any lve r supprt frm anyne arund them.（做一个安全的所在。有时人们过得很艰难，因为他们感受不到周围人的爱和支持）”。C项：事实上，他们被压力包围，这是又列举一个他们遇到的困境，空后开始建议怎么帮忙。C项承接上文。故选C项。
【5 题详解】
该空为段首句，应概括全段，下文“Yu never want t make a persn feel like they can't make it withut yu in their life. …Make sure that they develp a plan, time line and measured actin steps that can help them get back n their feet.( 你永远不想让一个人觉得没有你他们就活不下去。…确保他们制定一个计划，时间安排和有节制的行动步骤，以帮助他们重新站起来)”家人遇到困难，你帮他，但不是替他生活，最终还是要鼓励处于困境中的家人学会重新站起来，get back n their feet呼应B项independence,所以B项是最符合段落主旨的选项。故选B项。
（2022·辽宁实验中学一模）
“Music is where everything started,” Samira Hrtn says. ____6____ She has been rapping and perfrming since she was 6 years ld. Thrugh music, DJ Annie Red says, “I can express myself and let ut my emtin.”
The rising hip-hp star uses music t share a message abut bullying. “I was bullied a lt,” she says, “even tday, especially because f my vice.” DJ Annie Red has a deep vice. ____7____ But DJ Annie Red has fund a way t rise abve their rude remarks. Instead f thinking f her vice as a weakness, she uses it t spread her anti-bullying message far and wide.
____8____ She psts her music nline, t. She likes t give students a rhythmic and interactive shw while teaching them hw t vercme bullying. “It makes them feel like they're nt alne.”
Annie Red believes that standing up t bullying is mre imprtant than ever. ____9____ “Yu dn't have t shw yur face at all,” she says. “Smene culd easily be affected by that.”
____10____ She believes that kids f her generatin can make things better by finding their passins, and using thse passins t inspire changes, as she has. “Kids' being mre cnfident in themselves and wanting t d smething that they really enjy ding is smething that mtivates me t keep ding what I d.”
A．But she sees a brighter future ahead.
B．Peple have tld her she sunds like a by.
C．She encurages kids f all ages t stand up t bullying.
D．DJ Annie Red has perfrmed at schls, festivals and Brklyn Net games.
E．Her 2017 bk, The Bully Stp, is based n her sng “N Yu Wn't Bully Me”.
F．The 13-year-ld frm Brklyn, New Yrk, is knwn t the wrld as DJ Annie Red.
G．That's because peple can bully thers n scial media while hiding behind a username.
【答案】6．F7．B8．D9．G10．A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。讲述了两位闻名世界的小音乐家对待欺凌的态度，以及她们如何用音乐来对抗欺凌。
【6 题详解】
根据空前“Samira Hrtn says（Samira Hrtn说道）”空后“She has been rapping and perfrming since she was 6 years ld.（自从她6岁开始，她就一直在说唱，在表演。）”可知，空前提出了Samira Hrtn这个人，且空后介绍她从6岁开始说唱，此空也应是对Samira Hrtn的介绍，F项“这个来自纽约布鲁克林13岁的女孩，就如DJ Annie Red一样，闻名于世界”符合，故选F项。
【7 题详解】
根据空前“DJ Annie Red has a deep vice.（DJ Annie Red声音很低沉）”可知，B项“人们说她的声音像男生的声音”是前文的顺义承接，前文说她声音低沉，所以人们会说她的声音像男生的声音，故选B项。
【8 题详解】
根据空后“She psts her music nline, t.（她也将她的音乐传到网上去）”可知，空后讲的是她表演的方式，且根据本句的“t（也）”可以推出，本空也应是她表演的方式，D项“DJ Annie Red在学校、节日里以及布鲁克林网络游戏上表演”符合，故选D项。
【9 题详解】
根据空前“Annie Red believes that standing up t bullying is mre imprtant than ever.（认为勇敢抵抗欺凌比之前更加重要）”以及空后“‘Yu dn't have t shw yur face at all,’ she says. ‘Smene culd easily be affected by that.’（她说道，你根本不需要露脸，但是一些人很容易就受到伤害。）”可知，空前说勇敢抵抗欺凌很重要，后文提到不需要露脸，因此是在网上欺凌，G项“那是因为人们可以在社交媒体上欺凌别人，并且还是隐藏在用户名背后”承上启下，解释空前对抗霸凌更重要的原因，并说隐藏在用户名背后，引出后文的不用露脸，故选G项。
【10 题详解】
根据空前提到出现网上欺凌对人伤害不小，以及空后“She believes that kids f her generatin can make things better by finding their passins, and using thse passins t inspire changes, as she has.（她认为她这一代的孩子能通过找到热情来让事情朝更好的方向发展，并且他们可以用这些热情来做出一些改变）”可知，前文说明网上欺凌的伤害，后文又说明事情会朝好的方向发展，前后为转折关系，A项“但是她却看到了前方明亮的未来。”符合，故选A项。
（2022·河北唐山·一模）
When I was an incming(即将入学的）student in University f Oxfrd，I participated FYSOP. Ever since then, whenever it cmes up in cnversatin, I am met with the fllwing questin: “What is FYSOP?” ____11____
FYSOP stands fr First Year Student Outreach Prject, which fcuses arund a week service t the city f Oxfrd and its varius neighbrhds. ____12____ They vlunteer fr the Oxfrd cmmunity at lcal sites helping ut schls, parks r nn-prfit rganizatins.
Students are divided int grups and led by student leaders. These leaders ensure that each place is prepared and that the students get there safely.____13____In this way the incming students are able t reflect n what it means t give back and t be a part f the cmmunity. These cnversatins are imprtant fr incming students because f the change they experience starting ut in cllege.
____14____ Students btain valuable vlunteer experiences and meet new peple. Als, FYSOP participants get t mve in a week earlier than mst ther students. This means that yu get t skip ut n the hurried mve in schedule and might even get a slightly cheaper flight than if yu were mving in with the ther 140,000 cllege students.
____15____ Thrugh my persnal experience, I met sme f my best friends, gt a better understanding f the layut(布局) f Oxfrd，and really enjyed vlunteering at varius nn-prfits. If yu are nt, maybe cnsider staffing FYSOP in the future.
A．Here’s a brief intrductin.
B．Here’s why it has been established.
C．The participants are all incming students.
D．There are s many bnuses being a part f FYSOP!
E．If yu’re an incming student, FYSOP is wrth lking int.
F．Bth the cmmunity and the students benefit a lt frm the prject.
G．Leaders als pen up cnversatins thrughut the service experience.
【答案】11．A12．C13．G14．D15．E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了FYSOP的含义和参与活动的意义。
【11 题详解】
根据前文“Ever since then, whenever it cmes up in cnversatin, I am met with the fllwing questin: “What is FYSOP?”(从那时起，每当在对话中提到这个问题时，我都会遇到以下问题：“FYSOP是什么?”)”及下文内容可知，这里为承上启下句，简要介绍FYSOP。A选项“Here’s a brief intrductin. (以下是它的一个简短的介绍。)”符合题意，故选A。
【12 题详解】
根据前文“FYSOP stands fr First Year Student Outreach Prject, which fcuses arund a week service t the city f Oxfrd and its varius neighbrhds.( FYSOP是第一年学生外展项目的缩写，它侧重于为牛津市及其各个社区提供一周的服务。)”和后文“They vlunteer fr the Oxfrd cmmunity at lcal sites helping ut schls, parks r nn-prfit rganizatins.(他们为牛津社区做志愿者，在当地的学校、公园或非盈利组织提供帮助。)”可知，本段介绍的是参与该项目的对象和内容。C选项“The participants are all incming students. (参加者都是即将入学的学生。)”符合题意，故选C。
【13 题详解】
根据前文“Students are divided int grups and led by student leaders. These leaders ensure that each place is prepared and that the students get there safely.(学生分成小组，由学生干部领导。这些领导确保每个地方都做好了准备，并确保学生安全到达。)”和后文“These cnversatins are imprtant fr incming students because f the change they experience starting ut in cllege. (这些对话对即将入学的学生很重要，因为他们在大学开始时经历了变化。)”可知，在项目活动中，由学生领导开展服务并展开对话。G选项“Leaders als pen up cnversatins thrughut the service experience. (在整个服务体验过程中，领导者也会展开对话。)”符合题意， cnversatins是关键词。故选G。
【14 题详解】
根据后文“Students btain valuable vlunteer experiences and meet new peple. Als, FYSOP participants get t mve in a week earlier than mst ther students. This means that yu get t skip ut n the hurried mve in schedule and might even get a slightly cheaper flight than if yu were mving in with the ther 140,000 cllege students. (学生获得宝贵的志愿者经验和认识新的人。此外，FYSOP的参与者比大多数学生提前一周入住。这意味着你可以避开匆忙的搬家计划，甚至可能比你搬去和其他14万大学生一起住便宜一点的航班。)”可知，本段讲述的是学生参与这个服务的好处。D选项“There are s many bnuses being a part f FYSOP!(FYSOP中有很多奖励! )”符合题意，故选D。
【15 题详解】
根据后文“Thrugh my persnal experience, I met sme f my best friends, gt a better understanding f the layut(布局) f Oxfrd，and really enjyed vlunteering at varius nn-prfits. If yu are nt, maybe cnsider staffing FYSOP in the future. (通过我的个人经历，我认识了一些我最好的朋友，对牛津的布局有了更好的了解，也真正享受了在各种非营利组织做志愿者的过程。如果不是，也许可以考虑将来为FYSOP后补人员。)”可知，本段是作者以亲身经历呼吁大家参加FYSOP及好处。E选项“If yu're an incming student, FYSOP is wrth lking int. (如果你是一个即将入学的学生，FYSOP是值得看看的。)”符合题意，故选E。
（2022·宁夏·银川一中一模）
As is knwn t us, many entrepreneurs, even thse wh run a tiny business that amunt t self-emplyment like their freedm and self-reliance and the pssibility that they culd becme wealthy.
____16____ Cnsidering the bleak emplyment cnditins and gvernment’s encuraging plicies twards cllege students, it is n surprise that s many graduates chse self-emplyment instead f finding a jb.
Self-emplyment can bring many benefits t the sciety as well as t the students themselves. ____17____ Fr the students, they can nt nly put what they have learned at schl int practice, but als have an pprtunity t imprve their innvatin abilities by cmbining their theretical knwledge with scial practice. ____18____ Fr ne thing, due t the limitatins f cllege students themselves, such as lack f experience, scial netwrk and well-cnsidered plans, etc.. ____19____ Fr anther, nce they fail in managing well their wn business, they may easily feel depressed and cme t a breakdwn.
As a saying ges, where there is a will, there is a way. In my view, as lng as the students realize the difficulties and make full preparatin, it is wrth trying t start their wn business. ____20____
A．it is advised that they have t start small.
B．After all, anything shuld be tried when yung.
C．Self-emplyment can als have disadvantages, thugh.
D．Hence, advantages will arise in the curse f self-emplyment.
E．it is tugh t be successful, thus causing a waste f scial resurces.
F．Fr the sciety, self-emplyment can ease the pressure f emplyment.
G．Self-emplyment is attracting many a newly graduated cllege student.
【答案】16．G17．F18．C19．E20．B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了大学生自主创业的优缺点。
【16 题详解】
根据后文“Cnsidering the bleak emplyment cnditins and gvernment’s encuraging plicies twards cllege students, it is n surprise that s many graduates chse self-emplyment instead f finding a jb.(考虑到暗淡的就业条件和政府对大学生的鼓励政策，难怪这么多的毕业生选择自主创业而不是找工作)”可知，许多大学毕业生选择了自主创业，故本句为总起句，指出自主创业吸引许多大学毕业生。故G选项“自主创业吸引了很多刚毕业的大学生”符合语境，故选G。
【17 题详解】
根据后文“Fr the students, they can nt nly put what they have learned at schl int practice, but als have an pprtunity t imprve their innvatin abilities by cmbining their theretical knwledge with scial practice.(对于学生来说，他们不仅可以把在学校学到的知识运用到实践中，还可以通过理论知识与社会实践相结合来提高自己的创新能力)”可知，后文提到了自主创业从学生层面出发的好处，可知本句是在说明另一个角度，故F选项“对于社会来说，自主创业可以缓解就业压力”符合语境，故选F。
【18 题详解】
根据上文“Fr the students, they can nt nly put what they have learned at schl int practice, but als have an pprtunity t imprve their innvatin abilities by cmbining their theretical knwledge with scial practice.(对于学生来说，他们不仅可以把在学校学到的知识运用到实践中，还可以通过理论知识与社会实践相结合来提高自己的创新能力)”以及后文“Fr ne thing, due t the limitatins f cllege students themselves, such as lack f experience, scial netwrk and well-cnsidered plans, etc.,(一方面，由于大学生自身的限制，如缺乏经验，社交网络和周密的计划等……)”可知，上文论述了自主创业的优点，下文论述其缺点，故本句与上文构成转折，指出自主创业也有缺点，故C选项“尽管如此，自主创业也有缺点”符合语境，故选C。
【19 题详解】
根据上文“Fr ne thing, due t the limitatins f cllege students themselves, such as lack f experience, scial netwrk and well-cnsidered plans, etc.,(一方面，由于大学生自身的限制，如缺乏经验，社交网络和周密的计划等……)”可知，上文论述自主创业的缺点，本句论述其影响。故E选项“很难成功，从而造成社会资源的浪费”符合语境，故选E。
【20 题详解】
根据上文“As a saying ges, where there is a will, there is a way. In my view, as lng as the students realize the difficulties and make full preparatin, it is wrth trying t start their wn business.(俗话说，有志者事竟成。在我看来，只要学生意识到困难，做好充分的准备，创业是值得的)”可知，本句对上文进行总结，指出作者对自主创业的看法：任何事情都应该在年轻的时候尝试。故B选项“毕竟，任何事情都应该在年轻的时候尝试”符合语境，故选B。
（2022·河北石家庄·一模）
Wildlife wrkers in Flrida are feeding manatees t keep them frm starving. ____21____ S far, the rescue wrkers have already given ut 25 tns f lettuce.
Manatees are huge sea mammals that can be as lng as 4 meters when grwn.____22____ In spite f their size, manatees nly eat plants that live in the sea. That’s ne reasn they’re smetimes called “sea cws”. They spend mst f their time in warm shallw water lking fr fd.
But Flrida’s manatees have been n the US gvernment’s list f endangered animals since 1967. Mst threats t manatees cme frm humans. One f the biggest prblems facing the creatures are bats. ____23____ Manatees are curius and fairly slw, which has led t thusands f manatees being injured r killed.
____24____At ne pint, there were nly abut 2, 000 manatees left in Flrida. But by 2016, there were rughly 8,800 manatees.
But nw manatees are facing a new challenge: they can't get enugh t eat. Many f the beds f sea grass that manatees depend upn have been killed by human-caused pllutin. Sea grass began t disappear arund 2011. Warming seas, cmbined with plluted water and fertilizers that have washed ff f farmlands, have created huge grwths f algae n the cean’s surface.
Last year, 1,101 manatees died frm starving.____25____ Many f the manatees that remain are s thin that their ribs can be seen. Often they have truble swimming.
S last December, wildlife experts came up with a plan t get emergency fd t the manatees. They decided t feed them green vegetables like lettuce and cabbage. Lng term, Flrida is wrking t help restre sea grass beds. But that will take time.
A．That was a recrd.
B．They can weigh up t 590 kilgrams.
C．The feeding statin has been very successful.
D．With prtectin, manatees managed t bunce back.
E．It blcks the sunlight that allws the sea grass t grw.
F．But feeding these massive sea creatures takes a lt f fd.
G．Research needs t be dne t determine what fd wuld be best.
【答案】21．F22．B23．E24．D25．A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海牛这种海洋动物，介绍了它们的特点以及习性等情况。
【21 题详解】
根据上文“Wildlife wrkers in Flrida are feeding manatees t keep them frm starving.(佛罗里达州的野生动物工作者正在喂海牛，以防止它们挨饿)”以及后文“S far, the rescue wrkers have already given ut 25 tns f lettuce.(到目前为止，救援人员已经分发了25吨生菜)”可知，后文提到了投喂海牛的庞大食物数量，可见这些海洋生物需要的食物量很大。故F选项“但是喂养这些巨大的海洋生物需要大量的食物”符合语境，故选F。
【22 题详解】
根据上文“Manatees are huge sea mammals that can be as lng as 4 meters when grwn.(海牛是巨大的海洋哺乳动物，长到4米长)”以及后文“In spite f their size, manatees nly eat plants that live in the sea. That’s ne reasn they’re smetimes called “sea cws”. They spend mst f their time in warm shallw water lking fr fd.(尽管海牛体型庞大，但它们只吃生活在海里的植物。这就是它们有时被称为“海牛”的原因之一。它们大部分时间都在温暖的浅水里觅食)”可知，本段主要是在说明海牛的身体特点，上文提到了身长，推测本句是在说明体重。故B选项“它们可以重达590公斤”符合语境，故选B。
【23 题详解】
根据上文“But Flrida’s manatees have been n the US gvernment’s list f endangered animals since 1967. Mst threats t manatees cme frm humans. One f the biggest prblems facing the creatures are bats. (但自1967年以来，佛罗里达州的海牛就被列入了美国政府的濒危动物名单。海牛面临的大多数威胁来自人类。这些生物面临的最大问题之一是船)”可知，本句应具体说明人类船只是如何影响海牛的生存的：阻挡了让海草生长的阳光，故E选项“它阻挡了让海草生长的阳光”符合语境，故选E。
【24 题详解】
根据后文“At ne pint, there were nly abut 2, 000 manatees left in Flrida. But by 2016, there were rughly 8,800 manatees. (佛罗里达州曾经一度只剩下约2000头海牛。但到2016年，大约有8800头海牛)”可知，后文提到了海牛数量有所增加，说明保护措施起效了。故D选项“在保护下，海牛数量成功地反弹了”符合语境，故选D。
【25 题详解】
根据上文“Last year, 1,101 manatees died frm starving. (去年，有1101头海牛死于饥饿)”可知，上文具体说明了死于饥饿的海牛数量，可知本句对此进行评价：这是一个记录。故A选项“这是一个记录”符合语境，故选A。
（2022·江苏南通·一模）
What’s better: private schl vs public schl? Chsing which schl t send yur children t can be a very hard decisin t make. ____26____
Ask abut testing scres. Students at private schls tend t utscre public schl students n standardized tests, which can affect yur child’s ability t get int cllege. ____27____ Researchers have used the same data t cme t cnflicting cnclusins. Other factrs like sciecnmic status, can influence student’s scres, regardless f where they are educated.
____28____ In general, public schls tend t have larger class sizes than private schls. If yu need a schl that can give mre attentin t individual students, yu might cnsider a private schl r a smaller public schl.
Tur the schl. Befre yu even begin t chse between a public r private ne, yu’ll need t schedule a tur f the schl yu’re interested in. D the students lk happy and engaged? Are the learning spaces bright and clean? ____29____ Taking yur children alng gives the them chance t see the schl and decide if it feels like a cmfrtable envirnment t them.
Dn’t put t much stck in nline ratings. ____30____ But they culd als have fantastic teachers and principals. Talking t thers help yu figure ut if this is true. Therefre, dn’t write a schl ff just because its ratings are a little lw.
In a wrd, knwing what matters t yu in terms f the differences between public and private educatin can make yur decisin a little easier.
A．The final decisin is yurs.
B．Take int accunt class size.
C．Sme practical actins can help a lt.
D．Hwever, there is sme debate abut this.
E．Yu can learn a lt abut these when yu visit.
F．Same schls might have unfavrable cmments.
G．Decide hw imprtant private schls are t yur child.
【答案】26．C27．D28．B29．E30．F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了公立学校和私立学校之间的一些差异，以及在选择公立学校和私立学校上的一些建议。
26 题详解】
上文“Chsing which schl t send yur children t can be a very hard decisin t make. (选择送你的孩子去哪所学校可能是一个非常困难的决定)”指出，在公立学校和私立学校做选择是一件困难的事，设空处承上启下，下文“Ask abut testing scres. (询问考试成绩)”以及“Tur the schl. (参观学校)”提出了一些辅助选择的实际行动。C项“Sme practical actins can help a lt. (一些实际行动会有很大帮助)”承上启下，符合文意。故选C项。
27 题详解】
上文“Students at private schls tend t utscre public schl students n standardized tests, which can affect yur child’s ability t get int cllege. (私立学校的学生在标准化考试中的得分往往超过公立学校的学生，这可能会影响孩子进入大学的能力)”指出，上私立学校的学生成绩较高，可能会对学生考大学造成影响，设空处承上启下，下文“Other factrs like sciecnmic status, can influence student’s scres, regardless f where they are educated. (其他因素，如社会经济地位，可以影响学生的分数，无论他们在哪里接受教育)”说明，上私立学校不是学生取得好成绩的决定性因素，也不是影响学生考大学的唯一因素。D项“Hwever, there is sme debate abut this. (然而，关于这一点存在一些争论)”承上启下，符合文意。故选D项。
28 题详解】
下文“In general, public schls tend t have larger class sizes than private schls. If yu need a schl that can give mre attentin t individual students, yu might cnsider a private schl r a smaller public schl. (一般来说，公立学校的班级规模往往比私立学校大。如果你需要一所能更加关注个体学生的学校，你可以考虑私立学校或规模较小的公立学校)”介绍了公立学校和私立学校不同的班级规模，针对学生家长的需求给出了具体的选择建议。B项“Take int accunt class size. (考虑班级规模)”引出下文，符合段意。故选B项。
29 题详解】
上文“Befre yu even begin t chse between a public r private ne, yu’ll need t schedule a tur f the schl yu’re interested in. D the students lk happy and engaged? Are the learning spaces bright and clean? (在你开始选择公立学校还是私立学校之前，你需要安排一次参观你感兴趣的学校的行程。学生们看起来开心且专注吗？学习空间是否明亮干净)”建议读者在为孩子选择学校前先考查一下学校，带着一些问题去思考该学校是否合适。E项“Yu can learn a lt abut these when yu visit. (当你参观时，你可以了解到很多关于这些的知识)”承接上文，符合文意。故选E项。
30 题详解】
上文“Dn’t put t much stck in nline ratings. (不要太相信网络评价)”指出，关于学校的网络评价不可尽信，设空处承上启下，通过下文“But they culd als have fantastic teachers and principals. (但是他们也可能有很棒的老师和校长)”可推知，此处与设空处呈转折关系，指的是有些学校的网络评价可能不好，但是他们可能并不像网上说的那样。F项“Same schls might have unfavrable cmments. (同样的学校可能会有不好的评论)”承上启下，符合文意。故选F项。
（2022·陕西省榆林中学二模）
Fall is ur favurite hiking seasn. It’s nt t ht. The bugs are gne. Slitude (无人居住的地方) is easier t find. But fall hiking has its wn cmplicatins, especially when it cmes t weather. ____31____
Prtect yur feet. Pamper yur feet, and they’ll take yu arund the wrld. ____32____ A pair f suede r synthetic shes will ffer great cmfrt, withut a big “breaking in” prcess. They dry fast, and aren’t tugh n the wallet. If yu’re ging fr lnger treks (跋涉), then yu’ll want ftwear that ffers supprt, cmfrt, weather resistance, and durability.
Backpacks. ____33____ Size. Fr a shrt hike, a daypack is best. It’s light, practical, and big enugh t carry the essentials (yu’ve lking fr smething between 15 and 35 L). Fr lnger hikes, lk fr a pack between 30-50 L with an integrated frame (t prevent the bag frm putting t much pressure n yur back and shulders).
Stay hydrated (含水的). Yes, the heatwaves f summer are prbably gne fr the year, but packing enugh water is vital in any seasn. ____34____ Fr lnger treks, cnsider a hydratin reservir, which can carry anywhere frm 0.5 t 10 L. N need t search in yur pack fr yur water bttle; just enjy a sip frm the handy tube.
____35____ Changeable fall can transfrm a sunny mrning int a wet, cld afternn. After a frest hike, the wind atp the lkut can bite. Dress in layers. If it’s warm, yu can take a layer ff t prevent sweating. If it’s cl, yu can add a layer back n. Sftshells are easily packable and light. They keep wind and water ff, and are easy t take n and ff as needed. Dressing fr yur trek? Check the frecast befre hitting the trails.
A．Number ne criterin?
B．Keep warm and dry.
C．Like nly cheep shes?
D．Just ging shrt distances?
E．Having enugh water will keep yu energetic.
F．Befre heading ut, check ut this handy fall hiking checklist.
G．Fr shrter hikes, this might just mean filling up yur favurite water bttle.
【答案】31．F32．D33．A34．G35．B
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍几条秋季徒步旅行时的注意事项和应对策略。
【31 题详解】
根据上文“But fall hiking has its wn cmplicatins, especially when it cmes t weather.”(但秋季徒步旅行有其复杂性，尤其是在天气方面。)可知，接下来，文章要提出这些复杂性是什么，要如何应对。选项F“出发之前，看看这个便捷的秋季徒步旅行清单。”和上文意思连贯。故选F。
【32 题详解】
根据上文“Prtect yur feet.”(保护你的脚。)和下文“If yu’re ging fr lnger treks (跋涉), then yu’ll want ftwear that ffers supprt, cmfrt, weather resistance, and durability.”(如果你想要长途跋涉，那么你需要一双能提供支撑性，舒适性，耐候性和耐用性的鞋子。)可知，这一段作者建议徒步旅行时要保护好脚，并介绍具体的保护措施。选项D“仅仅是短距离旅行就可以吗？”用疑问句的形式排除了一种不完美的保护脚的方法，空格下文提出了更好的保护脚的方法：一双完美的鞋子。选项D和上下文意思连贯。故选D。
【33 题详解】
根据下文“Size”(尺寸)可知，这里提到对背包的要求。选项A“第一准则？”先对背包提出了最重要的要求，和下文意思一致。故选A。
【34 题详解】
根据上文“Stay hydrated”(保持水分)和下文“Fr lnger treks, cnsider a hydratin reservir, which can carry anywhere frm 0.5 t 10 L.”(对于长途跋涉，考虑一个不管去哪都可以携带0.5到10公升的补充水分的储备工具。)可知，这一段提出徒步旅行时要带充足的水。选项G“对于教短途的远足，这可能意味着装满你最喜欢的水瓶。”和上下文意思一致。故选G。
【35 题详解】
根据下文“They keep wind and water ff, and are easy t take n and ff as needed.”(它们可以挡风挡水，而且可以根据需要方便地开启和关闭。)可知，这一段说的是徒步旅行时的保暖和干的问题。选项B“保持暖和和干燥。”和下文意思一致。故选B。
（2022·广西南宁·一模）
Sme peple lve the traditin f setting a gal each Jan. 1st. ____36____. But there is actually a lgic t jining the New Year’s reslutin trend. If yu want t increase yur chances f sticking t yur 2022 New Year’s reslutin, behaviral scientists have discvered a hst f techniques that can help.
• Make it measurable.
An unclear, ill-defined target, such as “get fitter”, is a reasn fr a failed reslutin. T increase yur chances f success, ask yurself what yu cnsider "fitter" and hw yu can achieve this. A better slutin might be “run 5kms in X minutes". ____37____. Specific gals allw yu t track prgress, which in turn can mtivate yu.
• Make it fun.
If yu get pleasure frm yur wrkuts r study sessins, research has fund yu’11 carry n lnger. ____38____. Fr example, nly letting yurself drink a mcha latte during study sessins s there is an attractin t get yu t the library.
• ____39____.
Ensuring yu’ll face sme punishment if yu dn’t achieve yur New Year’s reslutin can wrk wnders. One easy way t d this is by telling a few peple abut yur gal s yu 11 feel ashamed if they check back later and find ut yu haven’t fllwed thrugh.
• Get a little help frm yur friends.
Spending time arund high achievers can prmte yur wn perfrmance. If yur reslutin is t run a marathn, yu’d be wise t start hanging arund friends wh’ve made it t the finish line and can shw yu hw it’s dne. ____40____,because yu’ll tend t learn their patterns f behavir.
A．Cnsider a punishment
B．Figure ut yur reslutin list
C．Yu’re extra mtivated t set yur gals
D．Yu’ll pick up a bit just by spending time tgether
E．Yu culd even add deadlines fr reaching certain imprtant stages
F．Others argue it’s a waste f time since mst reslutins fail by mid-March
G．One way t make ging fr a gal mre fun is t cmbine it with a pleasure
【答案】36．F37．E38．G39．A40．D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了行为科学家提出四种有助于坚持新年决心的方法。
【36 题详解】
根据前文“Sme peple lve the traditin f setting a gal each Jan. 1st.(有些人喜欢每年1月1日设定目标的传统。)”中的“Sme”可知，下文可描写thers的看法。F选项“Others argue it’s a waste f time since mst reslutins fail by mid-March(其他人则认为这是浪费时间，因为大多数新年决心到3月中旬就失败了)”符合题意，故选F。
【37 题详解】
根据前文“A better slutin might be “run 5kms in X minutes”.(一个更好的解决方案可能是“在X分钟内跑5公里”。)”可知，本段介绍的方法是为目标加上一个期限。E选项“Yu culd even add deadlines fr reaching certain imprtant stages(你甚至可以为达到某些重要的阶段增加最后期限)”符合题意，故选E。
【38 题详解】
根据本段的小标题“• Make it fun.(•让它变得有趣。)”根据下文“Fr example, nly letting yurself drink a mcha latte during study sessins s there is an attractin t get yu t the library.”（例如，在学习期间只让自己喝一杯摩卡拿铁，这样就会吸引你去图书馆。）可知，本段介绍的方法是要让你的目标变得有趣。G选项“One way t make ging fr a gal mre fun is t cmbine it with a pleasure(让追求一个目标变得更有趣的一个方法是把它和快乐结合起来)”符合题意，故选G。
【39 题详解】
根据后文“Ensuring yu’ll face sme punishment if yu dn’t achieve yur New Year’s reslutin can wrk wnders.(如果你没有实现新年决心，确保自己会受到一些惩罚，这可以创造奇迹。)”可知，本段介绍的是要为自己的目标设立奖惩措施。A选项“Cnsider a punishment(考虑惩罚)”符合题意，故选A。
【40 题详解】
根据前文“Spending time arund high achievers can prmte yur wn perfrmance.(花时间和成功人士在一起可以提升你的表现。)”可知，本段介绍的是要与成功人士在一起的好处。D选项“Yu’ll pick up a bit just by spending time tgether(只要花时间在一起，你就会学会一点)”符合题意，故选D。
（2022·山东·烟台市教育科学研究院一模）
Adele’s new album, “30”, is finally available. Last mnth, hundreds f millins f us streamed its first single, “Easy On Me.” This sng aruses feelings nt easily put int wrds, but we can prbably agree it is a sad sng. ___41___ Yet sad music des pull us in and lift us up.
Let’s start with a bilgical thery. When we experience real-life lss, r empathize (体会) with anther’s pain, certain hrmnes are released within us. ___42___ They d s by making us feel calmed and supprted. Feeling Adele’s pain, r recalling ur wn, may cause such chemical changes within us.
Psychlgically, a key reasn we enjy sad sngs is that they prfundly mve us. Feeling mved can cme frm us suddenly feeling clser t ther peple. Indeed, when we have listened t “30”, we may turn t reactin vides t see hw thers feel. ___43___And it bsts ur feeling f being mved and triggers feelings f cmfrt and belnging.
___44___ Adele’s sngs allw us t view the pleasure in terms f the meaning she helps us make. Adele takes hard life experiences and makes sense f them. This is what much sad art des. It takes the pain and suffering f the wrld and gives it meaning. As philspher Friedrich Nietzsche nce put it, smene wh has a why t live can bear almst any hw.
Ultimately, we listen t Adele’s sngs when we want t recall, reflect, r belng. They let us feel her sadness, share ur suffering, and cnnect with thers. T all f us, Adele’s sngs say: ___45___
A．Yu are nt alne in yur pain.
B．Music speaks luder than wrds.
C．These help us t tackle lss and pain.
D．We can als think at the spiritual level.
E．Few peple are aware sad music makes us feel gd.
F．This lets us share an emtinal experience with thers.
G．This may make us better prepared fr when real lss strikes.
【答案】41．E42．C43．F44．D45．A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章从三个角度介绍了悲伤的音乐确实能让我们振作起来的原因。
【41 题详解】
根据后文“Yet sad music des pull us in and lift us up.(然而悲伤的音乐确实能让我们振作起来。)”可知，人们没有意识到悲伤的音乐的积极作用。E选项“Few peple are aware sad music makes us feel gd. (很少有人意识到悲伤的音乐让我们感觉很好。)”符合题意，故选E。
【42 题详解】
根据前文“When we experience real-life lss, r empathize with anther’s pain, certain hrmnes are released within us. (当我们经历现实生活中的失落，或同情他人的痛苦时，我们体内会释放某些激素。)”可知，本段介绍的是体内的激素对于我们情感修复的作用。C选项“These help us t tackle lss and pain. (这些帮助我们处理损失和痛苦。)”符合题意，故选C。
【43 题详解】
根据前文“Indeed, when we have listened t “30”, we may turn t reactin vides t see hw thers feel. (事实上，当我们听了《30》，我们可能会转向反应视频，看看其他人是什么感觉。)”和后文“And it bsts ur feeling f being mved and triggers feelings f cmfrt and belnging.(它能激发我们被感动的感觉，激发我们的舒适感和归属感。)”可知，听悲伤的歌曲有助于我们去分享情感。F选项“This lets us share an emtinal experience with thers. (这让我们与他人分享情感体验。)”符合题意，故选F。
【44 题详解】
根据后文“Adele’s sngs allw us t view the pleasure in terms f the meaning she helps us make. (阿黛尔的歌曲让我们从她帮助我们创造的意义的角度来看待快乐。)”可知，本段介绍的是悲伤歌曲带给我们精神层面的感悟。D选项“We can als think at the spiritual level. (我们也可以在精神层面上思考。)”符合题意，故选D。
【45 题详解】
根据前文“They let us feel her sadness, share ur suffering, and cnnect with thers. T all f us, Adele’s sngs say: (他们让我们感受她的悲伤，分享我们的痛苦，并与他人联系。对我们所有人来说，阿黛尔的歌中写道：)”可知，本段介绍的是通过听阿黛尔的歌，分享痛苦，悲伤不再是一个人的。A选项“Yu are nt alne in yur pain. (你不是一个人在承受痛苦。)”符合题意，故选A。
（2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·一模）
Have a lk at sme f the cmmn myths (误区) abut cllege admissins in the US.
___46___
Of curse, yur grades matter. But many students with perfect scres have been rejected because they didn’t have anything else t set them apart.
Actually, what really matters depends n the classes yu tk, based n the fferings at yur high schl. Sme schls ffer mre advanced curses than thers, and a B in ne f these mre challenging curses can signify a higher level f mastery than an A in a grade-level class at a schl. ___47___. Many admissin fficers lk fr an upward trend and imprvements ver time that enable a student t finish strng.
The mre clubs and activities, the better
___48___.
Being cmmitted t key interests is mre imprtant than jining a lt f clubs. Clleges lk fr depth and ptential leadership, nt just participatin. Fr example, yur cmpetitive swimming experience and wrking yur way up t team captain add smething really imprtant t yur strng academic recrd.
Sme students simply dn’t have time fr clubs and sprts because they might need t take care f yunger sisters and brthers after schl r hld a part-time jb. ___49___ .
Ask fr a recmmendatin nly frm a teacher wh gave yu an A
The best persn t ask fr a letter f recmmendatin isn’t necessarily a teacher wh gave yu an A．___50___ . Yu might chse the teacher wh taught yur mst difficult class, fr example, r a class yu thught yu wuldn’t like but did.
A．Talk t the admissin fficer in persn
B．Getting all A’s is the mst imprtant thing
C．Clleges usually measure applicants in terms f test scres
D．And dn’t be discuraged if yur grades weren’t gd early in high schl
E．In that case, they wuld d well t fcus n what they get ut f such wrk
F．Quality means mre than quantity when it cmes t extracurricular activities
G．It’s better t g t a teacher wh can shw a different side f yu t the cllege
【答案】46．B47．D48．F49．E50．G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了申请美国大学时常犯的错误。
【46 题详解】
空格处是本段的小标题，根据下文“Of curse, yur grades matter. But many students with perfect scres have been rejected because they didn’t have anything else t set them apart.(当然，你的成绩很重要。但许多成绩优异的学生却被拒之门外，因为他们没有别的东西能让他们脱颖而出。)”可知，本段主要讲的误区是认为成绩最重要，B项“Getting all A’s is the mst imprtant thing(每门课都是A最重要)”说明了成绩最重要这个误区，适合作本小节的标题。故选B。
【47 题详解】
空格前说“Sme schls ffer mre advanced curses than thers, and a B in ne f these mre challenging curses can signify a higher level f mastery than an A in a grade-level class at a schl.(有些学校比其他学校提供更高级的课程，在这些更具挑战性的课程中，B比A代表着更高的掌握水平。)”，空格后说“Many admissin fficers lk fr an upward trend and imprvements ver time that enable a student t finish strng.(许多招生办的工作人员都在寻找一种上升的趋势和随着时间的推移而取得的进步，以使学生能够出色地完成学业。)”，由此说明，就算成绩不好也没有关系，不需要气馁，D选项“And dn’t be discuraged if yur grades weren’t gd early in high schl(如果你的成绩在高中早期不是很好，不要气馁)”点明了成绩不好也无需气馁，位于空格处起着承上启下的作用，因此D选项符合语境，故选D。
【48 题详解】
本段小标题是“The mre clubs and activities, the better(俱乐部和活动越多越好。)”，说明事实是不是参加的俱乐部和活动越多越好，空格后说“Being cmmitted t key interests is mre imprtant than jining a lt f clubs. Clleges lk fr depth and ptential leadership, nt just participatin.(致力于自己的主要兴趣比参加很多俱乐部更重要。大学寻求的是深度和潜在的领导能力，而不仅仅是参与。)”说明参加的俱乐部的质量比数量更重要，F选项“Quality means mre than quantity when it cmes t extracurricular activities(对于课外活动来说，质量比数量更重要)”点明了数量并不是那么重要，因此F选项呼应小标题，和下文内容相呼应，因此F选项符合语境，故选F。
【49 题详解】
空格前说“Sme students simply dn’t have time fr clubs and sprts because they might need t take care f yunger sisters and brthers after schl r hld a part-time jb.(一些学生根本没有时间参加俱乐部和运动，因为他们可能需要在放学后照顾弟弟妹妹，或者要做兼职工作。)”，E选项“In that case, they wuld d well t fcus n what they get ut f such wrk(在这种情况下，他们会很好地专注于他们从这样的工作中得到什么)”说明了学生会在乎他们在照顾弟弟妹妹，或者在兼职工作中的收获，因此E选项承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
【50 题详解】
本段要讲的误区是“Ask fr a recmmendatin nly frm a teacher wh gave yu an A(只向给你A的老师要推荐信)”，说明不应该只向给你A的老师要推荐信，空格前说“The best persn t ask fr a letter f recmmendatin isn’t necessarily a teacher wh gave yu an A.(最好的推荐人不一定是给你A的老师。)”，空格处应说“应该向什么样的老师要推荐信”，G选项“It’s better t g t a teacher wh can shw a different side f yu t the cllege(最好去找一个可以向学校展示你不同的一面的老师)”说明了应该找什么老师，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
二、2021年及以前的模拟训练
1
My mther is a diligent and kind wman. She is very busy frm mrning till night. As a teacher, she wrks hard.1. Bth my brther and I lve her dearly as she lves us.
My mther has been teaching math at a middle schl in my hmetwn. She ges t wrk early in the mrning and des nt return hme until late in the afternn.2. She treats them with patience and teaches them well. Fr her excellent quality and very gd teaching results, she has been elected as a mdel teacher several times.
3. Every day, when she cmes back hme frm wrk, she sets abut ding husewrk, sweeping the living rm and bedrms r cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in gd rder. She seems t be busy all the time. As she has been very busy wrking every day, she lks lder than her age. But she lks as cheerful and happy as ever. Mther never buys expensive dresses fr herself, but she ften buys sme inexpensive but high quality clthes fr us. 4. She just eats a plain meal utside when she is t busy t ck herself. She lives a busy yet simple life, withut any cmplaints.
Often she says t us, “wrk while yu wrk, and play while yu play. That is the way t be happy and gay. If yu d nt wrk, yu will becme lazy and be f n use t sciety”. What a piece f gd advice this is! 5. This advice f hers will always serve as a guide t my behavir. My mther is great indeed, and I always feel prud f her.
A. As a mther, she takes gd care f us and gives us every cmfrt.
B. She enjys listening t classic music.
C. She never ges t expensive restaurants t enjy meals.
D. She lves her students and cares fr them.
E.My mther is hard-wrking and never wastes mney.
F.Can yu tell us smething abut yur mther?
G.I never frget it and always bear it in my mind.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. E 4. C 5. G
【解析】本文为记叙文。本文介绍了妈妈的性格特点，作为老师她工作努力，作为妈妈她能够用心照顾家庭，教育孩子，给孩子树立良好的榜样。
【1 题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据前一句“As a teacher, she wrks hard”可知，作为老师她非常的努力工作，可知接下来应该描述作为妈妈，她的做法。解析选项可知A项（As a mther, she takes gd care f us and gives us every cmfrt.）符合上下文，故选A。
【2 题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下句“She treats them with patience and teaches them well” 她非常耐心的对待学生们教他们教的非常的好。可知她对待学生的情况，故D项（She lves her students and cares fr them）符合上下文的语境。故选D。
【3 题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下文“she sets abut ding husewrk, sweeping the living rm and bedrms r cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in gd rder”和“she ften buys sme inexpensive but high quality clthes fr us”可知，她一回来就做很多的事情，非常勤奋，所以此处应该说母亲非常的勤奋，不浪费每一份钱。由此可推断出妈妈工作努力，生活上又节省，E项（My mther is hard-wrking and never wastes mney）正确。故选E。
【4 题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下句“She just eats a plain meal utside when she is t busy t ck herself.”可知妈妈她只在外面吃一些非常平常的饭菜，由此可推断出只吃一些很平常的饭菜，不到高档场所去消费。解析选项可知C项（She never ges t expensive restaurants t enjy meals）符合题意，故选C。
【5 题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据前一句“What a piece f gd advice this is!”可知我认为妈妈这个建议非常好，所以我永远都会记住，不会忘记的，G项（I never frget it and always bear it in my mind.）符合上下文，故选G。
2
There was nce a lnely girl wh lnged s much fr lve. One day while she was walking in the wds she fund tw starving birds. 6. She cared them with lve and the birds grew strng. Every mrning they greeted her with a wnderful sng. The girl felt the great lve frm the birds.
7. . The larger and the strnger f the tw birds flew frm the cage. The girl was s frightened that he wuld fly away. As he flew clse, she grasped him wildly. Her heart felt glad at her success in capturing him. 8. . She pened her hand and stared in hrrr at the dead bird. Her desperate lve had killed him.
She nticed the ther bird mving back and frth n the edge f the cage. She culd feel his great need fr freedm. He needed t fly int the clear, blue sky. 9. . The bird circled nce, twice, three times.
The girl watched delightedly at the bird’s enjyment. 10. . She wanted the bird t be happy. Suddenly the bird flew clser and landed sftly n her shulder. It sang the sweetest sngs that she had ever heard.
The fastest way t lse lve is t hld n it t tight, while the best way t keep lve is t give it wings!
A. Her heart was n lnger cncerned with her lss.
B. She gave them sme delicius fd and left.
C. One day she left with the tw birds at hme alne.
D. She tk them hme and put them in a small cage.
E.She lifted him frm the cage and threw him sftly int the air.
F.One day the girl left the dr f the cage pen.
G.Suddenly she felt the bird g sftly.
【答案】6. D 7. F 8. G 9. E 10. A
【解析】这是一篇哲理性的故事。一个孤独的小女孩很渴望爱。一天，她遇到两只快要饿死的小鸟，就带回家养着，鸟也反馈给她很多的爱。一天，一只鸟飞出了笼子，小女孩怕鸟飞走，当鸟靠近她时，她太用力把鸟捏死了。同时，她感受到了另一只鸟渴望自由，就把另一只鸟放了。鸟落在她肩膀唱起了最甜美的歌。这个故事告诉我们：握得太紧爱就会失去，保存爱的方式是给它自由。
【6 题详解】空格位于段中。空格前一句话意思是：一天她走在森林里时发现了两只快要饿死的鸟。空格后一句话意思是：她用爱来关心它们，小鸟长得很强壮。可推知，小女孩把小鸟带回了家。选项D中的“tk them hme”符合语境，并且选项D中的“a small cage”与下文中的cage呼应。故选D。
【7 题详解】空格位于段首。由空格后的The larger and the strnger f the tw birds flew frm the cage.（大点强壮点的鸟从笼子里飞了出去）可知，笼子门被打开了。选项F中的“left the dr f the cage pen”符合情境。故选F。
【8 题详解】空格位于段中。空格上句意思为：她成功抓住了鸟她很开心。空格下句意思为：她张开手，惊恐的发现鸟死了。选项G中的she felt the bird g sftly（她感觉到鸟变软）符合语境，故选G。
【9 题详解】空格位于段中。空格后句意为：鸟盘旋了一次、两次、三次。由“circle（盘旋）”可知，小女孩把鸟放了出去，因为小笼子里太小鸟无法盘旋。选项E中的threw him sftly int the air符合语境，故选E。
【10 题详解】空格位于段中。空格前句意为：小女孩开心的看着鸟的乐趣。空格后一句意思为：她想要鸟高兴。可知本段是一个快乐的基调，选项A中的“n lnger cncerned with her lss（不再关注在失去上）”符合语境。故选A。
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If anyne had tld me three years ag that I wuld be spending mst f my weekends camping, I wuld have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were peple wh enjyed insect bites, ill-cked meals, and uncmfrtable sleeping bags. They had nthing in cmmn with me. 11.
The friends wh intrduced me t camping thught that it meant t be a pineer. 12. We slept in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm. This brief visit with Mther Nature cst me tw days ff frm wrk, recvering frm a bad case f sunburn and the dctr’s bill fr my sn’s fd pisning.
I was, nevertheless, talked int ging n anther fun-filled hliday in the wilderness. 13. Instead, we had a pp-up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner. My nature-lving friends had remembered t bring all the necessities f life.
14. We have dne a lt f it since. Recently, we bught a twenty-eight-ft travel trailer cmplete with a bathrm and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedrm, a mdern kitchen with a refrigeratr. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
15. It must be true that sner r later, everyne finds his r her way back t nature. I recmmend that yu find yur way in style.
A. This time there was n tent.
B. Things are ging t be imprved.
C. The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.
D. I was t learn a lt abut camping since then, hwever.
E.I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
F.After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G.There was n shade as the trees were n mre than 3 feet tall.
【答案】11. D 12. C 13. A 14. F 15. E
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己近三年来逐渐改变了对野营的看法，从以前对野营活动嗤之以鼻，经过几次野营后慢慢喜欢上了野营，最后表达野营将逐渐成为人类回归自然的很好方式，建议人们找到属于自己的方式。
【11 题详解】上文 They had nthing in cmmn with me 说明作者原来认为他不会成为野营者. 而下文主要描述的是"我"从最开始进行"rugh travel"到有了"pp-up camper"再到有了 trailer 的过程，在这过程中作者对野营的爱好逐步增加，对野营的相关知识也在逐步增长，上下文呈转折关系. D项意为"然而在那之后我将会学到关于野营的很多知识"，起到转折作用，引出下文，符合语境. 故正确答案为D。
【12 题详解】由下文 We sleep in a tent，cked ver an pen fire，and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm 可知，"我"的野营条件非常艰苦. C项意为"他们带我去的旅途非常艰苦"，引出下文，符合语境. 故正确答案为C。
【13 题详解】由下文 Instead，we had a pp-up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner 可知，空格处是与下文形成转折的内容，而"我"此次旅行用了展开式营房. A项意为"这一次没有帐篷"，与下文形成转折，符合语境. 故正确答案为A。
【14 题详解】由第三段第一句 ging n anther fun-filled hliday 可知，"我"对这次旅行非常满意，而由下文 We have dne a lt f it since 可知，"我们"都爱上了野营. F项意为"从这里旅行后，我全家都对野营产生了巨大的兴趣"，承上启下，符合语境. 故正确答案为F。
【15 题详解】由下文 sner r later，everyne finds his r her way back t nature 可知，"我"希望每个人都能找到回归自然，也就是野营的个性化选择. 形成这一观点的前提是"我"自己已经爱上了野营. E项意为"我必须承认我已经开始享受野营了"，引出下文，符合语境. 故正确答案为E。
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I experienced years f lneliness as a child. 16. His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine. With n ther kids f my age in the neighbrhd, I had t spend hurs by myself.
A bright spt fr me turned ut t be reading. My lve f the written wrd began early as my mther read t me every evening. 17. I started reading bks n my wn befre age 5 and my mther tk me t the public library nce a week t brrw several bks. I quickly graduated frm typical children’s bks t nes with fewer pictures and lnger chapters. Reading pened new wrlds t me. 18.
My mther als encuraged me t make what I wanted. I tried making ty cars with cardbard bxes and cnstructing buildings frm leftver cardbard and bits f wd my father gave me. When my mther saw my creatins, she tld me hw creative my designs were. 19. I learned a lt abut hw t extend the life f bjects and transfrm them int smething new and useful. It was a trait(特点) thers fund helpful, and I sn had friends wh wanted t make things with me.
20. My parents made it a pint fr their tw kids t spend time utside, n matter the weather r seasn. My brther, f curse, raced ff t be with his friends, while I had plenty t d myself. There was making leaf huses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and s much mre. They’re all memries I treasure tday.
A. I wasn't alne any lnger.
B. I enjyed reading stries alud.
C. I was invited t play with anther kid.
D. I lved the clrful phtgraphs in the bks.
E.Anther habit I frmed early was being utdrs.
F.Thus, I began my lifelng interest in making things.
G.My lder brther culdn’t be bthered t play with me.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. A 19. F 20. E
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。
【16 题详解】设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“My elder brther”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G项。
【17 题详解】根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事的书。D项切题。故选D项。
【18 题详解】根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系。A项切题。故选A项。
【19 题详解】根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。
【20 题详解】根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。
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It was a little befre nine 'clck n Tuesday night. 21. “D yu need a secnd helping f pudding?"a waitress asked. Antni, wh had already finished a plate f pasta,a Fish Stew and a slice f cake, culdn't answer it right away. The questin might be cmmn fr mst diners, but fr him, it was entirely nvel because he was hmeless and was having the meal fr free. 22. .He had n preparatin fr it.
23. But at night, it transfrms itself int a pineering place where hmeless peple such as Antni can dine free f charge, at tables set with flwers, metal cutlery（餐具）and prper glasses.
The restaurant is the latest initiative（初步行动）frm the charity Mensajers de la Paz.It was funded 54 years ag by Father Angel Garcia Rdriguez. Its business mdel – using breakfast and lunch takings frm paying custmers t fund free evening meals fr the hmeless - is simple enugh. 24. “The inspiratin came frm Ppe Francis, wh's spken again and again abut the imprtance f giving peple dignity, whether it's thrugh bread r thrugh wrk," said Father Angel. “ 25. Peple with nthing can cme and eat in the restaurant and get the same treatment as everyne else. It's just cmmn sense."
A. By day, the Rbin Hd restaurant, which sits n a side street near the center f Madrid,is a typical Spanish bar.
B. S we thught, why nt pen a restaurant with tableclths, prper cutlery and waiters?
C. They plan t extend the scheme and hpes it will attract famus chefs t cme t ck.
D. It was the first time that he had been asked such a questin.
E.The hmeless are treated with respect at the restaurant.
F.Antni fund himself facing a welcme dilemma.
G.Its aim, hwever, is a little ambitius.
【答案】21. F 22. D 23. A 24. G 25. B
【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章记叙了安东尼奥在一家利用付费客户的早餐和午餐收入为无家可归者提供免费晚餐的慈善餐厅用餐的故事。
【21 题详解】结合后文Antni, wh had already finished a plate f pasta,a Fish Stew and a slice f cake, culdn't answer it right away. The questin might be cmmn fr mst diners, but fr him, it was entirely nvel because he was hmeless and was having the meal fr free. 安东尼奥已经吃完一盘意大利面、一份炖鱼和一块蛋糕，他不能马上回答。这个问题对大多数用餐者来说可能很常见，但对他来说，这完全是个新奇的问题，因为他无家可归，而且是免费用餐。安东尼奥正在面临着已经吃饱了，可是如果走了又无家可归的两难境地。F. Antni fund himself facing a welcme dilemma. 安东尼奥发现自己面临一个受欢迎的两难境地。符合此处语境。故选F项。
【22 题详解】结合前文“D yu need a secnd helping f pudding?" a waitress asked. “你需要再来一份布丁吗？”一位女服务员问道。及后文He had n preparatin fr it. 他没有准备。D. It was the first time that he had been asked such a questin. 这是第一次有人问他这样的问题。与前文问题相照应，也与后文“没有准备好回答”相对应。故选D项。
【23 题详解】结合后文But at night, it transfrms itself int a pineering place where hmeless peple such as Antni can dine free f charge, at tables set with flwers, metal cutlery（餐具）and prper glasses. 但到了晚上，它就变成了一个开拓性的地方，像安东尼奥这样的无家可归者可以在摆满鲜花、金属餐具和玻璃杯的桌子上免费用餐。结合连词but可知，此处应该为描述与后文晚上相反的白天的酒店状态。A. By day, the Rbin Hd restaurant, which sits n a side street near the center f Madrid,is a typical Spanish bar. 白天，罗宾汉餐厅坐落在马德里市中心附近的一条小街上，是一家典型的西班牙酒吧。与后文形成转折。故选A项。
【24 题详解】结合前文Its business mdel – using breakfast and lunch takings frm paying custmers t fund free evening meals fr the hmeless - is simple enugh. 它的商业模式非常简单，利用付费客户的早餐和午餐收入为无家可归者提供免费晚餐。G. Its aim, hwever, is a little ambitius.它的目标有些雄心勃勃。早餐和午餐收入是远不及晚餐的，因此用早餐和午餐的收入为无家可归者提供免费晚餐有些雄心勃勃。故选G项。
【25 题详解】结合后文Peple with nthing can cme and eat in the restaurant and get the same treatment as everyne else. 没有任何东西的人可以来餐馆吃饭，得到和其他人一样的待遇。B. S we thught, why nt pen a restaurant with tableclths, prper cutlery and waiters? 所以我们想，为什么不开一家有桌布、餐具和服务员的餐厅呢？此处的开餐馆与后文的来餐馆吃饭相对应。故选B项。
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Abut 43 years ag, sptted an advertisement in the paper fr the YMCA wilderness prgram. 26. My first experience was a bat trip. I still have the images f sunrises and sunsets with all the beautiful clurs n Lake f the Wds.
27. Even nw I can feel the cld water dripping dwn my arm as we sat in the bat pulling the paddles awkwardly thrugh running water. It was my first experience in a bat and my arms became tired after many hurs f paddling.
We stpped fr lunch in the bat by gathering all the bats tgether. 28.
At night it was time t camp at ur site picked ut by ur guide. There we learned t start campfires and ck sme f ur meals. This is where fell in lve with ndles. 29. We cleaned up ur mess and put up ur tents and slept n the grund. We learned t carry the heavy packs t ur next destinatin. I develped a sense f accmplishment and had arm muscles after that trip.
There were n phnes, makeup, hair dryers... just us and the bush. We came frm different backgrunds with different persnalities and we all had t wrk tgether as a grup.
30. . I kept a jurnal frm that secnd trip and ften g back t it.
A. They drpped us ff in the bush.
B. I had t experience mre f the wilderness.
C. I was 15 and wanted t d smething different.
D. Our guide handed ut chclate, cheese, and dried meat.
E.I liked the bat trip s much that I jined the survival trip the next year.
F.It was wnderful sharing simple meals ver the fire and talking with new friends.
G.As a teenager, didn’t knw that I was having the best adventure a teenager culd have.
【答案】26. C 27. G 28. D 29. F 30. E
【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述了大约43年前，作者在报纸上看到一则关于基督教青年会的野外活动广告后参加的划船活动。
【26. 题详解】根据空格前Abut 43 years ag, sptted an advertisement in the paper fr the YMCA wilderness prgram. 作者在43年前看到一则关于基督教青年会的野外生存广告。以及My first experience was a bat trip.我的第一次经历是海上旅行。可以推断出，作者当时15岁，想要做一些不同的事情。故选C。
【27. 题详解】根据空格后Even nw I can feel the cld water dripping dwn my arm as we sat in the bat pulling the paddles awkwardly thrugh running water.现在当时的感受还历历在目，但是作者当时是个青少年，不知道自己当时正在体验对青少年来说最好的奇遇。故选G。
【28. 题详解】根据空格前We stpped fr lunch in the bat by gathering all the bats tgether.我们所有小船停下来，聚在一起吃午饭，接下来导游要分发食物。导游发给大家巧克力，奶酪和肉。故选D。
【29. 题详解】根据空格前. There we learned t start campfires and ck sme f ur meals. This is where fell in lve with ndles.我们学会了生火，煮饭。盯着自己煮的饭和朋友聊聊天这种体验很棒。故选F。
【30. 题详解】根据空格后I kept a jurnal frm that secnd trip and ften g back t it.得知作者第一次体验感觉很棒，他又开始了第二年的生存旅行。故选E。