专题05【科技类】阅读理解20篇 （原卷版+解析版）

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A snake﹣rbt designer，a technlgist，an extradimensinal physicist and a jurnalist walk int a rm.The jurnalist turns t the crwd and asks：Shuld we build huses n the cean？Like a think﹣tank panel，members f the team dream up far﹣ut answers t the crucial prblem，such as self﹣driving husing units that culd park n tp f ne anther in the castal city center.
The setting is X，the enterprise which cnsiders mre than 100 ideas each year，in areas ranging frm clean energy t artificial intelligence.Althugh nly a tiny percentage becme "prjects" with far﹣reaching creativity，these prjects exist，ultimately，t change the wrld，like Waym，the biggest self﹣driving﹣car cmpany.In the past 60 years，smething strange has happened.As the academic study f creativity has thrived （蓬勃发展），the label innvatin may have cvered every tiny change f a sda can r a tthpaste flavr，but the rate f prductivity grwth has been mstly declining since the 1970s.Jhn Fernald，an ecnmist，pints ut that the ntable exceptin t the pst﹣1970 decline in prductivity ccurred when businesses thrughut the ecnmy finally figured ut the breakthrugh technlgy﹣infrmatin technlgy.Jhn Fernald says， "It's pssible that prductivity tk ff，because we picked all the lw﹣hanging fruit frm the IT wave. "Actually，the wrld ecnmy cntinues t harvest the benefits f IT.But where will the next technlgy shck cme frm？
Breakthrugh technlgy results frm tw distinct activities﹣inventin and innvatin.Inventin is typically the wrk f scientists and researchers in labs，while innvatin is an inventin put t cmmercial use.Seldm d the tw activities ccur successfully under the same rf.They tend t thrive in ppsite cnditins；while cmpetitin and cnsumer chice encurage innvatin，inventin has histrically prgressed in labs that are prtected frm the pressure t generate prfit.
Allwing well﹣funded and diverse teams t try t slve big prblems is what gave us the cmputer and the Internet.Tday，we fail t give attentin t planting the seeds f this kind f ambitius research，while cmplaining abut the harvest. "Cmpanies are really gd at cmbining existing breakthrughs in ways that cnsumers like.But the breakthrughs cme frm patient and curius scientists，nt the rush t market，" says Jn Gertner，the authr f The Idea Factry.
"Technlgy is a tall tree， " Jhn Fernald said. "But planting the seeds f inventin and harvesting the fruit f innvatin are entirely distinct skills，ften mastered by different rganizatins and separated by many years. " As fr me，bth f them are essential fr technlgy，althugh they are relatively independent.I dn't think X is a planter r a harvester，actually.It is like building taller ladders.Nbdy knws fr sure what，if anything，the emplyees at such enterprises are ging t find up n thse ladders.But they're reaching.At least smene is.
（1）What is the main purpse f the first tw paragraphs？
A．T present the prcess f grup discussin.
B．T illustrate X's wrry abut big prblems.
C．T reveal the imprtance f the crazy ideas.
D．T stress the varied backgrunds f the team.
（2）What can we learn frm the passage？
A．Breakthrughs must stand the test f the market.
B．Innvatin n necessities can prmte prductivity.
C．Inventin develps slwly under the pressure f prfit.
D．The harvest f innvatin lies in sme ambitius research.
（3）Regarding Jhn Fernald's view n technlgy，the authr is .
A．supprtive
B．cautius
C．uncertain
D．critical
（4）What can be inferred abut X frm the passage？
A．It will fcus n innvatin.
B．It will have its utcme sn.
C．It may give in t its fruitless reality.
D．It may bring an encuraging utlk.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在X背景下发明和创新会带来令人鼓舞的前景。
【解答】（1）目的意图题。根据第一段A snake﹣rbt designer，a technlgist，an extradimensinal physicist and a jurnalist walk int a rm.The jurnalist turns t the crwd and asks：Shuld we build huses n the cean？Like a think﹣tank panel，members f the team dream up far﹣ut answers t the crucial prblem，such as self﹣driving husing units that culd park n tp f ne anther in the castal city center.（一个蛇机器人设计师，一个技术专家，一个超维物理学家和一个记者走进一个房间。记者转向人群问道：我们应该在海洋上盖房子吗？就像一个智库小组一样，该团队的成员为这个关键问题想出了超乎想象的答案，比如可以在沿海城市中心一个接一个停放的自动驾驶住宅单元）以及第二段The setting is X，the enterprise which cnsiders mre than 100 ideas each year，in areas ranging frm clean energy t artificial intelligence.Althugh nly a tiny percentage becme "prjects" with far﹣reaching creativity，these prjects exist，ultimately，t change the wrld，like Waym，the biggest self﹣driving﹣car cmpany.（背景是X，这家企业每年会考虑100多个创意，涉及的领域从清洁能源到人工智能。虽然只有一小部分成为具有深远创造力的"项目"，但这些项目的存在最终将改变世界，就像最大的自动驾驶汽车公司Waym一样）可知，前两段的主要目的是揭示疯狂想法的重要性。故选C项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段Tday，we fail t give attentin t planting the seeds f this kind f ambitius research，while cmplaining abut the harvest.（今天，我们在抱怨收获的同时，没有注意播下这种雄心勃勃的研究的种子）和But the breakthrughs cme frm patient and curius scientists，nt the rush t market（但这些突破来自耐心和好奇的科学家，而不是急于上市）可知，创新的收获在于一些雄心勃勃的研究。故选D项。
（3）观点态度题。根据最后一段As fr me，bth f them are essential fr technlgy，althugh they are relatively independent.I dn't think X is a planter r a harvester，actually.It is like building taller ladders.Nbdy knws fr sure what，if anything，the emplyees at such enterprises are ging t find up n thse ladders.But they're reaching.At least smene is.（对我来说，这两者对于技术来说都是必不可少的，尽管它们相对独立。事实上，我不认为 X 是种植者或者收割者。这就像建造更高的梯子。没有人确切地知道，如果有的话，这些企业的员工会在这些梯子上发现什么。但是他们在努力。至少有人是）可推知，关于约翰 • 费尔纳德对技术的看法，作者是支持的。A．supprtive支持的；B．cautius谨慎的；C．uncertain不确定的；D．critical批评的。故选A项。
（4）推理判断题。根据第二段The setting is X，the enterprise which cnsiders mre than 100 ideas each year，in areas ranging frm clean energy t artificial intelligence.Althugh nly a tiny percentage becme "prjects" with far﹣reaching creativity，these prjects exist，ultimately，t change the wrld，like Waym，the biggest self﹣driving﹣car cmpany.（ 背景是X，这家企业每年会考虑100多个创意，涉及的领域从清洁能源到人工智能。虽然只有一小部分成为具有深远创造力的"项目"，但这些项目的存在最终将改变世界，就像最大的自动驾驶汽车公司Waym一样）可知，X可能会带来令人鼓舞的前景。A．It will fcus n innvatin.它将专注于创新；B．It will have its utcme sn.很快就会有结果；C．It may give in t its fruitless reality.它可能会屈服于毫无结果的现实；D．It may bring an encuraging utlk.这可能会带来令人鼓舞的前景。故选D项。
passage 2
Technlgy seems t.discurage slw，immersive reading.Reading n a screen，particularly a phne screen，tires yur eyes and makes it harder fr yu t keep yur place.S nline writing tends t be mre skimmable and list﹣like than print.The cgnitive neurscientist Mary Walt argued recently that this "new nrm" f skim reading is prducing "an invisible，game﹣changing transfrmatin" in hw readers prcess wrds.The neurnal circuit that sustains the brain's capacity t read nw favrs the rapid absrptin f infrmatin，rather than skills develped by deeper reading，like critical analysis.
We shuldn't verplay this danger.All readers skim.Skimming is the skill we acquire as children as we learn t read mre skillfully.Frm abut the age f nine，ur eyes start t bunce arund the page，reading nly abut a quarter f the wrds prperly，and filling in the gaps by inference.Nr is there anything new in these fears abut declining attentin spans （持续时间）.S far，the anxieties have prved t be false alarms. "Quite a few critics have been wrried abut attentin span lately and see very shrt stries as signs f cultural decline， " the American authr Selvin Brwn wrte. "N ne ever said that pems were evidence f shrt attentin spans. "
And yet the Internet has certainly changed the way we read.Fr a start，it means that there is mre t read，because mre peple than ever are writing.If yu time travelled just a few decades int the past，yu wuld wnder at hw little writing was happening utside a classrm.And digital writing is meant fr rapid release and respnse.An nline article starts frming a cmment string underneath as sn as it is published.This mde f writing and reading can be interactive and fun.But ften it treats ther peple's wrds as smething t be quickly harvested as fdder （素材）t say smething else.Everyne talks ver the tp f everyne else，desperate t be heard.
Perhaps we shuld slw dwn.Reading is cnstantly prmted as a scial gd and surce f persnal achievement.But this advcacy ften emphasizes "enthusiastic"， "passinate" r "eager" reading，nne f which adjectives suggest slw，quiet absrptin.
T a slw reader，a piece f writing can nly be fully understd by immersing neself in the wrds and their slw cmprehensin f a line f thught.The slw reader is like a swimmer wh stps cunting the number f pl laps he has dne and just enjys hw his bdy feels and mves in water.
The human need fr this kind f deep reading is t tenacius fr any new technlgy t destry.We ften assume that technlgical change can't be stpped and happens in ne directin，s that lder media like "dead﹣tree" bks are kicked ut by newer，mre virtual frms.In practice，lder technlgies can cexist with new nes.The Kindle has nt killed ff the printed bk any mre than the car killed ff the bicycle.We still want t enjy slwly﹣frmed ideas and carefully﹣chsen wrds.Even in a fast﹣mving age，there is time fr slw reading.
（1）What is the authr's attitude twards Selvin Brwn's pinin？
A.Favrable.
B.Critical.
C.Dubtful.
D.Objective.
（2）The authr wuld prbably agree that .
A.advcacy f passinate reading helps prmte slw reading
B.digital writing leads t t much speaking and nt enugh reflectin
C.the public shuld be aware f the impact skimming has n neurnal circuits
D.the number f Internet readers is declining due t the advances f technlgy
（3）What des the underlined wrd "tenacius" in Paragraph 6 prbably mean？
A.Cmprehensive.
B.Cmplicated.
C.Determined.
D.Apparent.
（4）Which wuld be the best title fr the passage？
A.Slw Reading Is Here t Stay
B.Digital Technlgy Prevents Slw Reading
C.Screen vs.Print：Which Requires Deep Reading？
D.Reading Is Nt a Race：The Wnder f Deep Reading
【答案】（1）﹣（4）ABCA
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了实际上，旧技术可以与新技术共存。Kindle并没有扼杀印刷书籍，就像汽车没有扼杀自行车一样。我们仍然想享受慢慢形成的想法和精心选择的词语。即使在一个快速发展的时代，也有时间进行慢速阅读。
【解答】（1）观点态度题。根据文章第二段"Quite a few critics have been wrried abut attentin span lately and see very shrt stries as signs f cultural decline， " the American authr Selvin Brwn wrte. "N ne ever said that pems were evidence f shrt attentin spans. "（美国作家塞尔文•布朗（Selvin Brwn）写道："最近，相当多的评论家对注意力持续时间感到担忧，并将短篇小说视为文化衰落的迹象。""没有人说过诗歌是注意力持续时间短的证据. "）和最后一段Even in a fast﹣mving age，there is time fr slw reading.（即使在一个快速发展的时代，也有时间进行慢速阅读。）可知作者对塞尔文•布朗的意见持赞成态度。A.Favrable.支持的；B.Critical.批评的；C.Dubtful.怀疑的；D.Objective.客观的。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段And digital writing is meant fr rapid release and respnse.An nline article starts frming a cmment string underneath as sn as it is published.This mde f writing and reading can be interactive and fun.But ften it treats ther peple's wrds as smething t be quickly harvested as fdder （素材）t say smething else.Everyne talks ver the tp f everyne else，desperate t be heard.（数字写作意味着快速发布和响应。一篇在线文章一发表就开始在下面形成评论串。这种写作和阅读的模式可以是互动的和有趣的。但往往它把别人的话当成了可以快速收获的东西，当成了评论某件事情的素材。每个人都比别人说得多，渴望被别人听到。）可知B.digital writing leads t t much speaking and nt enugh reflectin（数字写作导致说得太多，反思不够）符合题意。故选B。
（3）猜测词义题。根据文章最后一段The human need fr this kind f deep reading is t tenacius fr any new technlgy t destry.We ften assume that technlgical change can't be stpped and happens in ne directin，s that lder media like "dead﹣tree" bks are kicked ut by newer，mre virtual frms.（人类对这种深度阅读的需求太过强烈，任何新技术都无法摧毁。我们经常假设技术变革是无法停止的，并且发生在一个方向上，所以像"死树"书这样的旧媒体被更新、更虚拟的形式所淘汰。）可知tenacius的意思是"顽强的，持久的"。A.Cmprehensive.全面的；B.Cmplicated.复杂的；C.Determined.有决心的，顽强的；D.Apparent.明显的。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段In practice，lder technlgies can cexist with new nes.The Kindle has nt killed ff the printed bk any mre than the car killed ff the bicycle.We still want t enjy slwly﹣frmed ideas and carefully﹣chsen wrds.Even in a fast﹣mving age，there is time fr slw reading.（实际上，旧技术可以与新技术共存。Kindle并没有扼杀印刷书籍，就像汽车没有扼杀自行车一样。我们仍然想享受慢慢形成的想法和精心选择的词语。即使在一个快速发展的时代，也有时间进行慢速阅读。）可知本文的最佳标题是A.Slw Reading Is Here t Stay（慢速阅读会一直持续下去）。故选A。
passage 3
Learning desn't have t end when peple age.In fact，tday's senirs want t remain scially engaged，intellectually stimulated（智力上活跃的），and an active part f their cmmunities accrding t The American University Beirut（AUB）in Lebann.That's why AUB pened The University fr Senirs that gives lder adults—50 and up—an pprtunity fr lifelng learning.
"The gal f the prgram is t establish a cmmunity fr senirs t learn fr life，mst f whm are retirees，"Mira Zaatari，the prgram assistant manager tld Al﹣Fanar Media."They can stay engaged physically and mentally here."
The university includes tw three﹣mnth semesters and students can take any class they want regardless f their educatinal level.There are n exams r graduatin certificates.This schl is all abut lifelng learning.The available classes include plitical science，public health，agriculture，sciences，wmen's affairs as well as creative classes abut drawing，painting and music.Language classes include English，French and Spanish.The classes are taught by vlunteers，including AUB prfessrs，students，and dctrs frm the university's hspital.
Senirs can gain a hst f benefits by cntinuing t learn new things.Accrding t Aging Well，that's because lifelng learning keeps the brain stimulated，challenged and fully engaged."This helps senirs remain mentally alert while they age.In fact，when peple learn new things，the brain—even an lder brain—can frm new cnnectins and pathways，"it adds.
Keeping physically active is imprtant and s is keeping scial cnnectins.That's why the university prvides mre than just educatin.
Frmer banker Yussef Bakri，84，has been a student fr ver 10 years.He pinted ut that befre the pandemic the university garden was used as a meeting place fr scializatin and that there were rganized field trips.
With the percentage f ver 65s in Lebann's ppulatin grwing and the fact that many f these senirs live alne withut family members in the cuntry，The University fr Senirs is playing a very imprtant rle in the lives f its students.
（1）Why des AUB launch the prgram？
A.T d sme scientific research n senirs.
B.T prmte learning amng yung peple.
C.T encurage senirs t d vlunteer wrk.
D.T ffer a lifelng learning place fr senirs.
（2）What can the students d at The University fr Senirs？
A.Get free medical treatment.
B.Pass final exams as a grup.
C.Chse their classes at will.
D.Obtain graduatin certificates.
（3）Aging Well is mentined in paragraph 4 t .
A.explain why learning can benefit senirs
B.shw the wrking principle f the brain
C.ffer advice n hw t learn new things
D.analyze the advantages f accepting aging
（4）What is the authr's pinin n The University fr Senirs？
A.It is far frm suitable fr senirs.
B.It has truble in attracting students.
C.It is f great value fr its students.
D.It cares little abut its students' health.
【答案】DCAC
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国贝鲁特大学开设的老年大学。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段The gal f the prgram is t establish a cmmunity fr senirs t learn fr life，mst f whm are retirees（该项目的目标是为老年人建立一个终身学习的社区，其中大多数是退休人员。）可知，美国贝鲁特大学开设老年大学是为了给老年人提供一个可以终身学习的地方。故答案为D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段The university includes tw three﹣mnth semesters and students can take any class they want regardless f their educatinal level（这所大学包括两个为期三个月的学期，学生可以参加任何他们想要的课程，无论他们的教育水平如何。）可知，老年大学的学生可以自由选择他们想上的课。故答案为C。
（3）推理判断题。第四段的首句Senirs can gain a hst f benefits by cntinuing t learn new things（老年人通过学习新东西可以获益良多），接着Aging Well提到This helps senirs remain mentally alert while they age.In fact，when peple learn new things，the brain—even an lder brain—can frm new cnnectins and pathways（这是因为终身学习使大脑受到刺激，受到挑战并完全投入。这有助于老年人在变老时依然保持思维敏捷。事实 上，当人们学习新事物时，大脑﹣﹣甚至是老年人的大脑﹣﹣可以形成新的连接和路径。）由此可知，第四段提到Aging Well主要是解释为什么学习能够使老年人受益。故答案为A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段With the percentage f ver 65s in Lebann's ppulatin grwing and the fact that many f these senirs live alne withut family members in the cuntry，The University fr Senirs is playing a very imprtant rle in the lives f its students.（随着黎巴嫩65岁以上人口的比例不断增长，以及许多老年人在国内没有家人的情况下独自生活，老年大学在学生的生活中发挥着非常重要的作用。）可推断，作者认为，这所老年大学对它的学生来说意义重大。故答案为C。
passage 1
Cmputer games have seriusly caught the attentin f Mass Media.The increasing amunt f games with vilent scenes scks the sciety and makes it very aware f them.The fact that vilent games cause vilence in peple is nt even dubted by mst peple.Sme say that the reasn lies in games being t clse t reality.But is it justified nly accrding t the external similarity f these tw wrlds？
Games riginally are entertainment.Cntemprary games are very realistic and fr this reasn they are a surce f great experience fr the player and develp the imaginatin.Games are mre than entertainment.The research f the New Yrk University led by Green and Bavelier claims that the player preferring active games get an imprvement f sme types f brain activity，related t prcessing f visual infrmatin.In particular，game players cpe with prblems f simultaneusly（同时地）tracking several mving bjects at the average level f 30%better than peple wh d nt play active cmputer vide games.A game is an abstractin.A player gets abstract tasks and acts accrding t abstract rules.Games are als the pssibility t be whever a persn wants t be and t rest frm the utside wrld fr sme time.
But what if a persn gets s much excited with the game scenes that he becmes vilent in reality？Then，it prves that the games cause peple t becme vilent.A psychlgically healthy persn will never cnfuse r cnnect these tw different wrlds.A game is a virtual wrld with visual images very similar t human.These images represent by themselves nthing but simple playing bstacles.A game may ptentially give the pprtunity t"destry the bstacles"that may nt be destryed accrding t the rules，but it is mre abut persnal chice whether t d it r nt.This leads us t the cnclusin that vilence is nt a cnsequence but the cause.Peple wh riginally tend t vilence may get annyed by games and perfrm vilence in the"real wrld".In this case vilence in games is a simple justificatin f the vilent nature f the player.
（1）Which f the fllwing best explains"sck"underlined in Para.1？
A.Transfrm.
B.Strike.
C.Interest.
D.Cnfuse.
（2）What can we learn frm the research carried ut by Green and Bavelier？
A.Games can prmte sme kinds f brain activity.
B.Games can give peple space t be themselves.
C.Games can be a surce f great experience.
D.Games can help players slve prblems.
（3）Which f the fllwing accunts fr vilence in real life？
A.Abstract vilent tasks.
B.Vilent visual images.
C.Realistic cmputer games.
D.Individuals' vilent nature.
（4）What is the best title fr the text？
A.Vilence：Nt a Cnsequence f Games.
B.Vilence：Nt a Justificatin f Players.
C.Games：The Vilent Virtual Reality.
D.Games：The Cause f Vilence.
【答案】BADA
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了暴力行为的原因不是游戏，而是暴力天性。
【解答】（1）词义猜测题，根据文章第一段Cmputer games have seriusly caught the attentin f Mass Media.（电脑游戏已经严重地引起了大众媒体的注意。）和下文and makes it very aware f them.（并让它非常清楚地意识到它们。）可知，大量暴力游戏充斥着社会，并让社会清楚地意识到它们。由此猜测，划线词意为"充斥"，与strike（袭击，侵袭）同义。可引申为使社会印象深刻，A.Transfrm转变；B.Strike侵袭；C.Interest感兴趣；D.Cnfuse困惑。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第二段The research f the New Yrk University led by Green and Bavelier claim that the player preferring active games get an imprvement f sme types f brain activity，related t prcessing f visual infrmatin.（由Green和Bavelier领导的纽约大学的研究声称，喜欢活跃游戏的玩家可以提高某些类型的大脑活动，与视觉信息的处理有关。）可知，从Green和Bavelier的研究中我们能得知，游戏可以促进某些类型的大脑活动。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据后一段This leads us t the cnclusin that vilence is nt a cnsequence but the cause.Peple wh are riginally prne t vilence may get irritated by games and perfrm vilence in the"real wrld".In this case vilence in games is a simple justificatin f the vilent nature f the player（这使我们得出结论，暴力不是结果，而是原因。原本有暴力倾向的人可能会被游戏激怒，在现实世界"中实施暴力。在这种情况下，游戏中的暴力只是为玩家的暴力本性辩护）可知，现实中的暴力原因在于一个人的暴力天性。故选D。
（4）标题判断题。本文主要讲游戏和暴力之间的关系，第一段引出主题，第二段介绍游戏的功能与优点；第三段说明游戏和暴力之间的关系。根据文章最后一段Peple wh are riginally prne t vilence may get iritated by games and perfrm vilence in the"real wrld".In this case vilence in games is a simple justificatin f the vilent nature f the player（原本有暴力倾向的人可能会被游戏激怒，在现实世界"中实施暴力。在这种情况下，游戏中的暴力只是为玩家的暴力本性辩护。）可知，有暴力倾向的人本身就会因为游戏而被激怒并在现实生活中实施暴力行为，其根本原因不是由暴力游戏引起，所以A选项Vilence：Nt a Cnsequence f Games.（暴力：不是游戏的后果。）能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选A。
passage 5
Many peple have participated int lts f virtual meetings these years.Sme research shws this adjustment might nt impact wrkplace prductivity t any great degree.A new study，thugh，suggests therwise.
In the study，602 participants were randmly paired and asked t cme up with creative uses fr a prduct.They were als randmly selected t wrk tgether either in persn r virtually.The pairs were then ranked by assessing their ttal number f ideas，as well as thse cncepts' degree f nvelty，and asked t submit their best idea.Amng the grups，virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas，suggesting that smething abut face﹣t﹣face interactin generates mre creative ideas.The findings culd stiffen emplyers' reslve t urge r require their emplyees t cme back t the ffice.
"We ran this experiment based n feedback frm cmpanies that it was harder t innvate with remte wrkers，"said lead researcher Melanie Brucks."Unlike ther frms f virtual cmmunicatin，like phne calls r e﹣mail，vide cnferencing cpies the in﹣persn experience quite well，s I was surprised when we fund meaningful differences between in﹣persn and vide interactin fr idea generatin."
When randm bjects were placed in bth the virtual and physical rms，the virtual pairs f participants spent mre time lking directly at each ther rather than letting their lk wander abut the rm and taking in the entire scene.Eyeing ne's whle envirnment and nticing the randm bjects were assciated with increased idea generatin.On platfrms，the screen ccupies ur interactins.Our lk wavers less."Lking away might cme acrss as rude，"said Brucks，"s we have t lk at the screen because that is the defined cntext f the interactin，the same way we wuldn't walk t anther rm while talking t smene in persn."
Like mst educatrs，Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years，and she did ntice sme benefits f the apprach as well.Her students were mre likely t take turns speaking and her shyer students spke up mre ften，rid f the anxiety that cmes frm addressing a large classrm.Brucks fund that ne slutin t imprving virtual idea generatin might be t simply turn ff the camera，fr her students felt "freer"and mre creative when asked t d s.And this may be sund advice fr the wrkplace Virtual teamwrk can't replace face﹣t﹣face teamwrk.Idea selectin prficiency（能力） is nly valuable if yu have strng ptins t select frm，and face﹣t﹣face teams are the best means t generate winning ptins.Perhaps the wrkplace will find a cmprmise— a sweet spt in the middle that balances wrking frm bth hme and ffice.
（1）What des the underlined wrd"stiffen"in Paragraph2 mst prbably mean？
A.Shake.
B.Revise.
C.Challenge.
D.Strengthen.
（2）At first，lead researcher Melanie Brucks might think that .
A.vide cnferencing can't cmpare with in﹣persn cmmunicatin
B.participants shuld make eye cntact in an nline meeting
C.the feedback frm cmpanies seems questinable
D.creative ideas may emerge frm casual thughts
（3）What can we learn abut Brucks' class？
A.Her students relieved anxiety by speaking up.
B.Her students prgressed in fcusing attentin.
C.Her students tk advantage f virtual learning.
D.Her students displayed talent fr public speaking.
（4）Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage？
A.Interacting Virtually Impacts Wrking Participatin
B.Maintaining Teamwrk Imprves Idea Generatin
C.Gruping Randmly Increases Prductivity
D.Brainstrming Online Limits Creativity
【答案】DCCD
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新的研究发现：与面对面交流相比，虚拟会议不利于创新想法的产生。
【解答】（1）词句猜测题。根据第二段中Amng the grups，virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas，suggesting that smething abut face﹣t﹣face interactin generates mre creative ideas.The findings culd stiffen emplyers' reslve t urge r require their emplyees t cme back t the ffice.（在这些小组中，虚拟配对提出的想法要少得多，这表明面对面的互动会产生更多创造性的想法。这一发现可能会坚定雇主敦促或要求员工回到办公室的决心。）可知，面对面交流会产生更多创造性的想法，所以雇主要求员工回到办公室进行面对面的互动，此处stiffen emplyers' reslve表示"坚定雇主的决心"，划线词stiffen是动词，意为"使坚定"。A.Shake.摇动；B.Revise.修订；C.Challenge.挑战；D.Strengthen.使更加坚定。选项D与划线词意思接近，故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段内容 "We ran this experiment based n feedback frm cmpanies that it was harder t innvate with remte wrkers，"said lead researcher Melanie Brucks."Unlike ther frms f virtual cmmunicatin，like phne calls r e﹣mail，vide cnferencing cpies the in﹣persn experience quite well，s I was surprised when we fund meaningful differences between in﹣persn and vide interactin fr idea generatin."（首席研究员Melanie Brucks说："我们进行这项实验是基于公司的反馈，即远程工作者更难创新。与电话或电子邮件等其他形式的虚拟交流不同，视频会议很好地复制了面对面的体验，所以当我们发现面对面交流和视频互动在创意产生方面有明显的差异时，我很惊讶。）可知，公司反馈远程工作者更难创新，所以他们组织实验来进行验证，结果发现面对面交流和视频互动在创意产生方面有明显的差异，首席研究员Melanie Brucks对此感到很惊讶。由此推断，起初，首席研究员Melanie Brucks可能认为公司的反馈有问题。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Like mst educatrs，Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years，and she did ntice sme benefits f the apprach as well.Her students were mre likely t take turns speaking and her shyer students spke up mre ften，rid f the anxiety that cmes frm addressing a large classrm.（像大多数教育工作者一样，布鲁克斯在过去三年主要是虚拟教学，她也注意到这种方法的一些好处。她的学生更有可能轮流发言，她那些比较害羞的学生也更经常发言，消除了在大教室讲话时的焦虑。）可知，布鲁克斯的虚拟课堂上，学生可能轮流发言，连害羞的学生也能经常发言，由此可推知，他的学生能充分利用虚拟学习。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文，并根据第一段Many peple have participated int lts f virtual meetings these years.Sme research shws this adjustment might nt impact wrkplace prductivity t any great degree.A new study，thugh，suggests therwise.（这些年来，许多人参加了许多虚拟会议。一些研究表明，这种调整可能不会在很大程度上影响工作场所的生产力。然而，一项新的研究表明情况并非如此。）以及第二段中Amng the grups，virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas，suggesting that smething abut face﹣t﹣face interactin generates mre creative ideas.The findings culd stiffen emplyers' reslve t urge r require their emplyees t cme back t the ffice.（在这些小组中，虚拟配对提出的想法要少得多，这表明面对面的互动会产生更多创造性的想法。这一发现可能会坚定雇主敦促或要求员工回到办公室的决心。）可知，虚拟会议不利于创新想法的产生，选项D"网上头脑风暴限制创造力"符合文章主旨，适合作文章标题。故选D。
passage 6
Imagine wearing high﹣tech bdy armr （盔甲） that makes yu super strng and tireless.Such technlgy，mre specifically called an exskeletn，sunds like the preserve f the Irn Man series f superher mvies.Yet the equipment is increasingly being wrn in real life arund the wrld.And ne manufacturer—Califrnia's SuitX expects it t g mainstream. "There is n dubt in my mind that these devices will eventually be sld at hardware stres，" says SuitX's funder Hmayn Kazerni.
In simple terms，an exskeletn is an external device that supprts，cvers and prtects its user，giving greater levels f strength and endurance.Smetimes als referred t as "wearable rbts"，they can be battery﹣pwered and cmputer﹣perated，incrprating mtrs and hydraulics.Or they can be mre simple，passive designs that use springs and dampeners.
"Integrating humans and machines int ne system pens up a new realm f pprtunity，" says Adrian Spragg，an expert n the technlgy at management cnsultancy Accenture. "Many f the early applicatins have been fcused n military and medical applicatins，but in the last several years there's been an explsin f use in a range f cases." This expansin，which has cme tgether with rapid advances in the technlgy，has seen exskeletns increasingly used by manufacturing wrkers.Versins fr cnsumers are als nw being develped t help peple mre easily d everything frm DIY，t walking，climbing stairs，and ther daily activities.One reprt says sales are nw due t rcket as a result.Glbal exskeletn revenues （收入） are expected t explde frm ＄ 392 millin in 2020 t ＄ 6.8 billin in 2030，accrding t a study by ABI Research.
SuitX's "suits" are nw being tested by car manufacturers General Mtrs and Fiat.Prf Kazerni，wh is als the directr f the University f Califrnia's Berkeley Rbtics and Human Engineering Labratry，says that the primary benefit f the firm's exskeletns is t prevent muscle fatigue （疲劳）.
"In general I see this develpment as very psitive fr ccupatinal health and safety，" Prf Sandra Wachter says. "Machines are suppsed t help us with dull，dangerus and dirty jbs.Prblems，hwever，arise if rbtics als duble as wrkplace mnitrs.Are these suits tracking yur mvements，hw fast yu mve，and hw ften yu take breaks？Des a system cmpare this data with thse f ther wrkers t scre r rank them？What happens if yu mve slwer than thers，r take breaks mre ften？"
（1）Why was the Irn Man was mentined in Paragraph 1？
A．T inspire us t be strng and determined.
B．T remind us f the ppular film Irn Man.
C．T urge the readers t buy the newly designed prducts.
D．T illustrate the technlgy exskeletn.
（2）What d the underlined wrd "rcket" mean in Paragraph 3？
A．Climb.
B．Crash.
C．Stabilize.
D．Vary.
（3）What d yu knw abut an exskeletn？
A．An exskeletn is capable f wrking by itself using slar energy.
B．In the future，all the peple will have t cunt n an exskeletn.
C．An exskeletn can be widely emplyed in ur daily life.
D．Prf Kazerni bjects t the ppularity f the exskeletn.
（4）Which is the mst suitable title fr the text？
A．Irn Man Appeals t the Yung
B．Exskeletns Change Our Future Life
C．Everyne Can Be a Her
D．Exskeletns Replace Future Humans
【答案】（1）﹣（4）DACB
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了什么是外骨骼技术，以及它在日常生活中更广泛的应用将给人们带来的便利。
【解答】（ ）推理判断题。根据第一段的Such technlgy，mre specifically called an exskeletn，sunds like the preserve f the Irn Man series f superher mvies.Yet the equipment is increasingly being wrn in real life arund the wrld. （这种技术，更具体地说是外骨骼，听起来像是钢铁侠系列超级英雄电影的专利。然而，世界各地越来越多的人在现实生活中佩戴这种设备）和第二段的In simple terms，an exskeletn is an external device that supprts，cvers and prtects its user，giving greater levels f strength and endurance.Smetimes als referred t as "wearable rbts"，they can be battery﹣pwered and cmputer﹣perated，incrprating mtrs and hydraulics.（简单来说，外骨骼是一种支持、覆盖和保护其使用者的外部设备，可以提供更高水平的力量和耐力。有时也被称为'可穿戴机器人'，它们可以由电池供电，由计算机操作，结合电机和液压系统）推知，第一段提到钢铁侠是为了形象地说明外骨骼这门技术。故选D。
（2）词句猜测题。根据划线词后文Glbal exskeletn revenues （收入） are expected t explde frm ﹩ 392 millin in 2020 t ﹩ 6.8 billin in 2030，accrding t a study by ABI Research.（根据ABI Research的一项研究，全球外骨骼收入预计将从2020年的3.92亿美元激增至2030年的68亿美元）可知，据估计外骨骼的销售会直线上升。由此可知，目前销售额在增加，因此猜测rcket意为"增加"，与climb同义。A．Climb.爬，上升；B．Crash.撞击；C．Stabilize.稳定；D．Vary.变化。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段的This expansin，which has cme tgether with rapid advances in the technlgy，has seen exskeletns increasingly used by manufacturing wrkers.Versins fr cnsumers are als nw being develped t help peple mre easily d everything frm DIY，t walking，climbing stairs，and ther daily activities. （这种扩张伴随着技术的快速进步，外骨骼越来越多地被制造业工人使用。针对消费者的版本也正在开发中，帮助人们更轻松地完成从DIY到步行、爬楼梯和其他日常活动的所有事情）可知，外骨骼可以被广泛地应用于我们的日常生活中。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段的Imagine wearing high﹣tech bdy armr （盔甲） that makes yu super strng and tireless.Such technlgy，mre specifically called an exskeletn，sunds like the preserve f the Irn Man series f superher mvies.Yet the equipment is increasingly being wrn in real life arund the wrld.（想象一下，穿上高科技防弹衣，让你变得超级强壮和不知疲倦。这种技术，更具体地说是外骨骼，听起来像是钢铁侠系列超级英雄电影的专利。然而，世界各地越来越多的人在现实生活中佩戴这种设备）和第三段的This expansin，which has cme tgether with rapid advances in the technlgy，has seen exskeletns increasingly used by manufacturing wrkers.Versins fr cnsumers are als nw being develped t help peple mre easily d everything frm DIY，t walking，climbing stairs，and ther daily activities. （这种扩张伴随着技术的快速进步，外骨骼越来越多地被制造业工人使用。针对消费者的版本也正在开发中，帮助人们更轻松地完成从DIY到步行、爬楼梯和其他日常活动的所有事情）可知，本文主要介绍了什么是外骨骼技术，以及它在日常生活中更广泛的应用将给人们带来的便利。因此B项"外骨骼改变我们的未来生活"可以作为本文的最佳标题。A．Irn Man Appeals t the Yung钢铁侠吸引年轻人；B．Exskeletns Change Our Future Life外骨骼改变我们未来的生活；C．Everyne Can Be a Her每个人都可以成为英雄；D．Exskeletns Replace Future Humans外骨骼取代未来人类。故选B。
passage 7
Interactive sftware that "reads" and analyses ftprints left by black rhins （犀牛）can be used t mnitr the mvements f the animals in the wild，giving cnservatinists a new way t keep watch n the endangered species and help keep it safe frm pachers （偷猎者），accrding t a Duke University﹣led study.
The sftware，called the Ftprint Identificatin Technique （FIT），uses advanced technlgy t analyze mre than 100 measurements f a rhin's ftprint.Because each rhin's ftprint is as special as a human fingerprint，the analyzed images can be cllected electrnically in a glbal database f previusly cllected ftprint images fr matching.
"If yu find a match，yu can identify the individual animal wh left the mark and，by pltting the lcatins f all the ther places where marks have been seen，track its mvements withut disturbing it r cming int clse enugh cntact with it，" said Ze Jewell，a prfessr at Duke University's Nichlas Schl f the Envirnment，wh c﹣led the study and is c﹣creatr f FIT.
"It's a cst﹣effective apprach that nt nly prtects the health f the rhin and the human，but als brings a centuries﹣ld tracking skill int the 21st Century，" she said.Jewell and her clleagues are nw wrking with Namibia's Ministry f Envirnment，Frestry and Turism t train wildlife cnservatinists，land managers and lcal guides hw t use FIT.
Namibia is hme t an estimated 2，000 black rhins，r abut 90% f the species' ttal ppulatin wrldwide.Thugh legally wned by the gvernment，the animals are distributed gegraphically n private lands acrss the cuntry.
The FIT sftware can als d a survey f ftprints thrughut the prtected area and take measurements frm each ftprint t estimate the number f rhins in that area.This can be useful infrmatin fr calculatin resurce needs t mnitr the animals effectively.This creates an interactive library that anti﹣paching patrls（反偷猎巡逻）can use t search fr animals at the highest risk，including thse whse ftprints haven't been shwing up in recent years.
（1）What is the purpse f the sftware？
A．T prmte the develpment f technlgy.
B．T prtect black rhins frm being hunted.
C．T analyze the ftprints f illegal pachers.
D．T save endangered species acrss the wrld.
（2）What's the advantage f the sftware？
A．It wns varius functins.
B．It ges t the market.
C．It is perfectly practical.
D．It is mre than ppular.
（3）What des Ze Jewell say abut the apprach？
A．It brings the best advantage fr the lwest cst.
B．It helps increase the ppulatin f black rhins.
C．It raises peple's awareness f the envirnment.
D．It strengthens the tie between humans and nature.
（4）Which f the fllwing best describes the future f rhins？
A．Optimistic.
B．Hpeless.
C．Wrrying.
D．Uncertain.
【答案】（1）﹣（4）BCAA
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款新的软件，这款名为FIT 的软件可以用来监控野生动物的活动，同时帮助保护主义者来监视濒危物种，并保护这些濒危物种免受偷猎者的伤害。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Interactive sftware that "reads" and analyses ftprints left by black rhins （犀牛）can be used t mnitr the mvements f the animals in the wild，giving cnservatinists a new way t keep watch n the endangered species and help keep it safe frm pachers （偷猎者），accrding t a Duke University﹣led study.（杜克大学领导的一项研究表明，能够"读取"和分析黑犀牛留下的足迹的交互式软件可以用来监控野生动物的活动，给保护主义者提供了一种新的方法来监视濒危物种，并帮助保护它们免受偷猎者的伤害。）可知，交互式软件可以用来监控野生动物的活动，同时给保护主义者提供了一种新的方法来监视濒危物种，并帮助保护它们免受偷猎者的伤害。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The sftware，called the Ftprint Identificatin Technique （FIT），uses advanced technlgy t analyze mre than 100 measurements f a rhin's ftprint.Because each rhin's ftprint is as special as a human fingerprint，the analyzed images can be cllected electrnically in a glbal database f previusly cllected ftprint images fr matching.（这款名为"足迹识别技术"（FIT）的软件利用先进技术分析了100多种犀牛足迹测量数据。由于每只犀牛的足迹都像人类的指纹一样特殊，所以分析后的图像可以通过电子方式收集到先前收集的足迹图像的全球数据库中进行匹配。）可知，这款软件可以通过采集犀牛的足迹，然后会和先前收集的足迹图像的全球数据库中进行匹配。可推知，这款软件是非常实用的。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段第一句"It's a cst﹣effective apprach that nt nly prtects the health f the rhin and the human，but als brings a centuries﹣ld tracking skill int the 21st Century，" she said.（她说："这是一种成本效益高的方法，不仅能保护犀牛和人类的健康，而且能将一种有几个世纪历史的追踪技术带入21世纪。"）可知，认为Ze Jewell它以最低的成本带来最大的优势。故选A。
（4）观点态度题。根据第一段Interactive sftware that "reads" and analyses ftprints left by black rhins （犀牛）can be used t mnitr the mvements f the animals in the wild，giving cnservatinists a new way t keep watch n the endangered species and help keep it safe frm pachers （偷猎者），accrding t a Duke University﹣led study.（杜克大学领导的一项研究表明，能够"读取"和分析黑犀牛留下的足迹的交互式软件可以用来监控野生动物的活动，给保护主义者提供了一种新的方法来监视濒危物种，并帮助保护它们免受偷猎者的伤害。）最后一段The FIT sftware can als d a survey f ftprints thrughut the prtected area and take measurements frm each ftprint t estimate the number f rhins in that area.This can be useful infrmatin fr calculatin resurce needs t mnitr the animals effectively.This creates an interactive library that anti﹣paching patrls（反偷猎巡逻）can use t search fr animals at the highest risk，including thse whse ftprints haven't been shwing up in recent years.（FIT 软件还可以对整个保护区的足迹进行调查，并对每个足迹进行测量，以估计该区域的犀牛数量。这可以为计算资源需求提供有用的信息，有效地监控动物。这就创建了一个互动图书馆，反偷猎巡逻队可以利用这个图书馆搜索处于最高风险的动物，包括那些近年来没有出现足迹的动物。）可知，FIT 软件可以用来监控野生动物的活动，同时帮助保护主义者来监视濒危物种，并保护这些濒危物种免受偷猎者的伤害。通过使用FIT，可以对整个保护区的足迹进行调查，并对每个足迹进行测量，以估计该区域的犀牛数量，因而未来犀牛的数量应该是朝着人们期望的方向发展。A．Optimistic.乐观的；B．Hpeless.无望的；C．Wrrying.令人担心的；D．Uncertain.不确定的。故选A。
passage 8
Artificial intelligence helps teachers identify which f their students have learning difficulties，accrding t a new study.
Teachers make mre accurate assessments f learning difficulties amng their students if they are given Al﹣generated feedback （反馈） rather than an "expert slutin" written by a qualified prfessinal.Researchers believe that because the AI analyzed the teacher's wn wrk，it's easier fr the teacher t understand than a "mdel answer" prepared befrehand.
"Teachers play a critical rle in recgnizing the signs f disrders and learning difficulties in pupils and referring them t specialists，" said Riikka Hfmann. "Unfrtunately，many f them feel that they have nt had sufficient pprtunity t practice these skills.AI culd prvide an extra level f individualized feedback t help them develp these essential cmpetences."
Trainee teachers were asked t assess fictinalized students fr ptential learning difficulties，based n evidence including examples f their wrk，schl behavir recrds and written texts f cnversatins with parents.Half f the trainees received the "expert slutin"，typical f the material given t trainee teachers，while the ther half received AI﹣generated feedback n their apprach，highlighting where they culd imprve.The trainees then cmpleted similar fllw﹣up assessments，and were graded bth n the accuracy f their diagnses （诊断） and n hw well they had used the evidence.Trainees wh received the AI feedback scred significantly higher than thse wh wrked with the pre﹣written expert slutins.
While the researchers said this des nt mean AI is preferable t ne﹣t﹣ne feedback frm a skilled expert，this is nt always available fr trainee teachers. "We are nt arguing that AI shuld replace teacher﹣educatrs：new teachers still need expert guidance n hw t recgnize learning difficulties in the first place，" said Dr Michael Sailer. "It des seem，hwever，that AI﹣generated feedback helped these trainees t fcus n what they really needed t learn.When persnal feedback is nt readily available，it culd be an effective substitute （代替物）."
（1）What des the underlined wrd "them" refer t？
A．Pupils.
B．Teachers.
C．Specialists.
D．Researchers.
（2）What did AI help trainee teachers knw in the study？
A．Hw well they had used the evidence.
B．Whether the expert slutin was accurate.
C．Where their apprach needs imprvement.
D．What fllw﹣up assessments they cmpleted.
（3）What des Dr Michael think f AI？
A．It will take the place f skilled experts.
B．It acts as an expert guide t trainee teachers.
C．It is nly suitable fr new teachers t use.
D．It can be a useful teaching training aid.
（4）Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text？
A．AI lcates learning difficulties fr the students
B．AI becmes an effective teaching tl in schl
C．AI helps teachers spt students with learning difficulties
D．AI trains teachers in judging the learning f the students
【答案】（1）﹣（4）BCDC
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能可以帮助老师对学生的学习困难等问题有更好的了解。
【解答】（1）代词指代题。根据第三段前文Teachers play a critical rle in recgnizing the signs f disrders and learning difficulties in pupils and referring them t specialists（教师在识别学生的障碍和学习困难迹象并将其转介给专家方面发挥着关键作用）可知，them指的是这里的老师。故选B项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段Half f the trainees received the "expert slutin"，typical f the material given t trainee teachers，while the ther half received AI﹣generated feedback n their apprach，highlighting where they culd imprve. （一半的受训者收到了"专家解决方案"，这是发给实习教师的典型材料，而另一半则收到了人工智能生成的关于他们方法的反馈，强调了他们可以改进的地方）可知，人工智能在研究中帮助实习教师了解他们的方法需要改进的地方。故选C项。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段We are nt arguing that AI shuld replace teacher﹣educatrs：new teachers still need expert guidance n hw t recgnize learning difficulties in the first place，" said Dr Michael Sailer. "It des seem，hwever，that AI﹣generated feedback helped these trainees t fcus n what they really needed t learn.When persnal feedback is nt readily available，it culd be an effective substitute （代替物）.（Michael Sailer博士说："我们并不是说人工智能应该取代教师教育者：新教师在如何首先认识到学习困难方面仍然需要专家指导。""然而，人工智能生成的反馈似乎确实帮助这些受训者专注于他们真正需要学习的东西。当个人反馈不易获得时，它可能是一种有效的替代品。"）可知，人工智能对于老师来说是一个有用的教学培训辅助。故选D项。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Artificial intelligence helps teachers identify which f their students have learning difficulties，accrding t a new study.（根据一项新的研究，人工智能可以帮助教师识别哪些学生有学习困难）以及全文大意，文章主要讲人工智能可以让老师对学生的学习困难等问题有更好的了解，C．AI helps teachers spt students with learning difficulties"人工智能帮助教师发现有学习困难的学生"符合文意。故选C项。
passage 9
YgaDigital is an App especially designed fr Yga lvers with vide and audi tls frm Yga teachers.Whether it is a simple practice f Yga pstures t supprt yur back at wrk，petry t pen yur heart when yu need inspiratin r a shrt vide frm yur belved Yga teacher，YgaDigital keeps all f yur favrite cntent in ne place，n yur iPhne r iPad.
Yu may scan all f the YgaDigital cntent t find what is right fr yu using minutes that can be purchased.Or，if yu wuld like a particular practice，series r audi/vide media，yu can make a purchase and have it n yur iPhne r iPad anytime yu want.Create yur wn selectin f cntent and take it with yu anywhere，since the cntent is dwnladed nt yur device.There is n need fr an internet cnnectin nce yu have it.If yu shuld ever delete yur YgaDigital purchases，there is n need t wrry.Yu will find them waiting fr yu in the studi t dwnlad again anytime.
Fr Teachers，YgaDigital supprts yur creativity in ffering students a variety f tls t supprt them.Fr all f the time when students ask yu if yu have a CD r DVD that they can use between classes r while they are away，YgaDigial ffers a way t publish quality cntent in a variety f frms withut fllwing a pre﹣determined data frm.Yur wrk will be highlighted in an nline envirnment entirely fr Yga cntent t help get rid f the "nise" f sme ther nline platfrms.YgaDigital prtects yur intellectual prperty as it cannt be shared r cpied and it ffers a brad market in which yu can pst yur wrks.It als ffers supprt in yur prfessinal netwrk as ur nline 'Studi' carries yur wrk alngside ther excellent teachers.
YgaDigital is an ideal chice，bringing the width and pwer f Yga t supprt yur life jurney in all its many frms.
（1）What can be fund in YgaDigital t inspire new ideas？
A．Yga pstures.
B．Shrt vides.
C．Petry.
D．Latest mvies.
（2）What shuld yu d if yur YgaDigial purchases are lst？
A．Make a purchase again.
B．Dwnlad them again.
C．Create yur wn cntent.
D．Ask yur teachers fr help.
（3）Hw des YgaDigital help the teachers deal with the "nise"？
A．By prviding a fcused envirnment.
B．By cpying it.
C．By prtecting yur intellectual prperty.
D．By clearing it away.
（4）Which can be a suitable title fr the text？
A．YgaDigilal ：A Right Chice t Supprt Yur Life
B．YgaDigital ：A Gd Way t Supprt Yur Creativity
C．YgaDigital ：A Brad Market t Offer Yu Cnvenience
D．YgaDigital ：A Helpful Internet t Open Yur Heart
【答案】（1）﹣（4）CBAA
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一款专为瑜伽爱好者设计的应用程序。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中Whether it is a simple practice f Yga pstures t supprt yur back at wrk，petry t pen yur heart when yu need inspiratin r a shrt vide frm yur belved Yga teacher， YgaDigital keeps all f yur favrite cntent in ne place，n yur iPhne r iPad.（无论是简单的瑜伽姿势练习来支撑工作时你的背部，当你需要灵感时诗歌打开你的心，还是你心爱的瑜伽老师的短视频，YgaDigital将所有你喜欢的内容保存在一个地方，在你的iPhne或iPad上）可知，可以在YgaDigital上找到诗歌来激发新想法。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句If yu shuld ever delete yur YgaDigital purchases，there is n need t wrry.Yu will find them waiting fr yu in the studi t dwnlad again anytime.（如果你删除了你的YgaDigital购买，没有必要担心。你会发现它们在演播室等你随时下载）可知，如果不小心删除了YgaDigital上购买的内容，可以从演播室重新下载。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段中Yur wrk will be highlighted in an nline envirnment entirely fr Yga cntent t help get rid f the 'nise' f sme ther nline platfrms.（你的工作将在一个完全为瑜伽内容的在线环境中突出显示，以帮助摆脱一些其他在线平台的'噪音'）可知，YgaDigital通过提供一个专注的环境来帮助老师摆脱"噪音"。A．By prviding a fcused envirnment.通过提供一个专注的环境；B．By cpying it.通过复制它；C．By prtecting yur intellectual prperty.通过保护你的知识产权；D．By clearing it away.把它清除掉。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段YgaDigital is an ideal chice，bringing the width and pwer f Yga t supprt yur life jurney in all its many frms.（YgaDigital是一个理想的选择，它带来瑜伽的广度和力量，以各种形式支持你的人生旅程）可知，本文主要介绍了专为瑜伽爱好者设计的应用程序YgaDigital，故A项"YgaDigital：支持生活的一个正确选择"适合作为文章标题。故选A。
passage 10
Using the pwer f artificial intelligence （AI），scientists have revealed new insights int the creatin and destructin f mass extinctin.Cntrary t cnventinal knwledge，their study suggests that larger extinctins are nt always a frm f "creative destructin" that allws new rganisms t radiate （向周围辐射出去）and evlve.Instead，it suggests that mass extinctin is rarely assciated with new species f radiatin.
Dr.Hyal Cuthill，the lead study authr frm the University f Essex in the UK and the Tky Institute f Technlgy，said in a statement， "Sme f the mst challenging things t understand the histry f life are the vast timelines invlved and the number f species.New machine learning applicatins can help us understand the infrmatin in human﹣readable frm.This means that we can，s t speak，hld the evlutin f half a billin years in the palm f ur hand and gain new insights frm what we see."
They cncluded that mass extinctin and later radiatin were nt cnnected as previusly thught.Within 5 percent f the mst significant perids f disruptin（中断），AI detected "big five mass extinctins，seven mre mass extinctins，tw mass extinctin﹣radiatin events and 15 mass radiatins.Mst imprtantly，it discvers that massive radiatin and extinctin rarely ccurred with each ther，changing the view that greater extinctin leads t a kind f deep cycle﹣like species radiatin f nature.It appears that larger extinctins are certainly nt the engine f evlutinary radiatin.Take the Cambrian Explsin fr example and it was abut 41 millin years ag when a large grup f animals first appeared n the first fssil recrd and the dawn f a high mbile animal equipped with mdern physical features.
This new study fund that a handful f ther ntable explsins f bidiversity，including the Cambrian Explsin，usually ccurred at a time when they were largely islated（孤立的）frm Guttenberg，a study c﹣authr frm the Tky Institute f Technlgy explained，"Ecsystems are dynamic and yu dn't need anything t exist t allw smething new t appear."
（1）What's the functin f the first paragraph？
A.T analyze the cause f creative destructin.
B.T tell us the result f the new study.
C.T explain the pwer f artificial intelligence.
D.T present the cnventinal idea f mass extinctin.
（2）What d Dr.Hyal Cuthill's wrds imply？
A.New AI machines learn applicatins better.
B.It's difficult t understand the histry f life.
C.New species appear befre mass extinctin.
D.AI cntributes a lt t the study f evlutin.
（3）Why is the Cambrian Explsin mentined in the text？
A.T prvide knwledge f histry.
B.T highlight the imprtance f AI.
C.T supprt the new study.
D.T prve the previus view is right.
（4）What is the text mainly abut？
A.A new understanding f mass extinctin.
B.The prcesses f bilgical evlutin.
C.Animal species with mdern physical features.
D.The relatinship between mass extinctin and radiatin.
【答案】BDCA
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了利用人工智能对大规模物种灭绝进行的研究情况及产生的新见解。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中的Using the pwer f artificial intelligence （AI），scientists have revealed new insights int the creatin and destructin f mass extinctin.Cntrary t cnventinal knwledge，their study suggests that larger extinctins are nt always a frm f "creative destructin" that allws new rganisms t radiate （向周围辐射出去） and evlve.Instead，it suggests that mass extinctin is rarely assciated with new species f radiatin. （利用人工智能的力量，科学家们揭示了对大规模灭绝的产生和破坏的新见解。与传统知识相反，他们的研究表明，更大的灭绝并不总是一种"创造性破坏"的形式，允许新的生物辐射和进化。相反，它表明大规模灭绝很少与新的辐射物种有关。）可知第一段的作用在于告诉读者一种新发现。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中的New machine learning applicatins can help us understand the infrmatin in human﹣readable frm.This means that we can，s t speak，hld the evlutin f half a billin years in the palm f ur hand and gain new insights frm what we see. （新的机器学习应用程序可以帮助我们以人类可读的形式理解信息。这意味着，可以这么说，我们可以将五亿年的演化掌握在手掌中，并从我们所看到的中获得新的见解。）可知，人工智能可以帮助人类学习，掌握5亿年的进化知识的同时还能得出新的见解，所以对人类进行进化研究贡献很大。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段中的Take the Cambrian Explsin fr example and it was abut 41 millin years ag when a large grup f animals first appeared n the first fssil recrd and the dawn f a high mbile animal equipped with mdern physical features. （以寒武纪大爆发为例，大约在4100万年前，一大群动物首次出现在第一个化石记录上，并出现了一种具有现代物理特征的高机动动物的黎明。）以及最后一段中的This new study fund that a handful f ther ntable explsins f bidiversity，including the Cambrian Explsin，usually ccurred at a time when they were largely islated （孤立的） frm extinctin. （这项新的研究发现，其他一些值得注意的生物多样性爆炸，包括寒武纪大爆发，通常发生在它们基本上与灭绝隔离的时候。）可知，在寒武纪大爆发中找到了值得注意的生物多样性爆炸，所以文中提到寒武纪大爆发是为了支持新的研究，故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Using the pwer f artificial intelligence （AI） ，scientists have revealed new insights int the creatin and destructin f mass extinctin. （利用人工智能的力量，科学家们对大规模灭绝的产生和破坏有了新的见解。）以及下文的讲述可知，文章主要介绍了利用人工智能对大规模物种灭绝进行的研究情况及产生的新认识，因此A项A new understanding f mass extinctin. （对大灭绝的新认识）符合文意。故选A。
passage 11
As the cncept f emtinal intelligence （EI） has gne glbal，we've watched prfessinals fail as they try t imprve their emtinal intelligence because they either dn't knw where t fcus their effrts r they haven't understd hw t imprve these skills n a practical level.In ur wrk cnsulting with cmpanies and caching leaders，we have fund that if yu're lking t develp particular EI strengths，it helps t cnsider areas fr imprvement thers have identified alng with the gals yu want t achieve﹣and then t actively build habits in thse areas rather than simply relying n understanding them cnceptually.
The first step is t get a sense f hw yur self﹣perceptin （hw yu see yurself） differs frm yur reputatin （hw thers see yu）.This is especially true fr the develpment f EI because we can be blind t hw we express and read the emtinal cmpnents f ur interactins.Fr example，mst f us think that we're gd listeners，but very ften that's really nt the case.Withut this external reality check，it will be difficult fr yu t identify the ways that yur actins affect yur perfrmance.Getting feedback frm thers can als prvide prf f the necessity f shifting ur behavir and mtivatin t d s.
T give yu the best sense f where the differences lie between yur self﹣perceptin and reputatin，yu shuld use a 360﹣degree feedback assessment that takes int accunt the multiple aspects f EI.The key is t find ne t give yu feedback，which is fcused n develpment and nt n perfrmance assessment.And that can give yu a detailed understanding f hw ther peple's assessments f yu differ frm yur wn assessments.
Secndly，when yu get yur feedback frm an assessment，let that infrm what yu want t imprve.But als cnsider what yur gals are.When it cmes t cultivating strengths in emtinal intelligence，yu're at a huge disadvantage if yu're nly interested because thers say yu shuld be.Yur emtinal intelligence is s tied up in yur sense f self that being intrinsically （内在的） mtivated t make the effrt matters mre when changing lngstanding habits than it des when simply learning a skill.
That means the areas that yu chse t actively wrk n shuld lie at the intersectin f the feedback yu've gtten and the areas that are mst imprtant t yur wn aspiratins.Understanding the influences f yur current EI habits relative t yur gals will keep yu ging ver a lng perid f time as yu d the wrk f strengthening yur emtinal intelligence.
（1）What d we knw frm the first paragraph？
A．Prfessinals fail t understand the cncepts f EI.
B．EI plays a key rle in prfessinal develpment.
C．Leaders are badly in need f imprving their EI.
D．Yu knw hw t imprve EI better with thers' help.
（2）Accrding t the passage，which f the fllwing is an "external reality check"？
A．Yu gt help frm yur parents when making a key decisin.
B．Yur teacher directed yu twards a better attitude in study.
C．Yu reflected yurself and made a New Year Reslutin.
D．Yur career develpment speeds up with the guidance f thers.
（3）What's the main idea f Paragraph 4？
A．It's mst reliable t fllw yur inner call when yu want t imprve yur EI.
B．It's hard fr thers t knw yur EI because it hides deeply behind yur inner sense.
C．When yu want t imprve EI，yu shuld take yur gals int cnsideratin.
D．Acquiring a new skill is mre significant than yur attempt t imprve yur EI.
（4）Which f the fllwing might the authr agree with？
A．Effective EI develpment is determined by different factrs.
B．EI develpment is unlikely t happen unless yu knw what EI really is.
C．The imprtance f perfrmance assessment is underestimated.
D．Yur inner self discurages yu frm imprving yur EI.
【答案】DBCA
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了发展特定的情商优势的方法。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。由本文第一自然段中的关键句In ur wrk cnsulting with cmpanies and caching leaders，we have fund that if yu're lking t develp particular EI strengths，it helps t cnsider areas fr imprvement thers have identified alng with the gals yu want t achieve﹣and then t actively build habits in thse areas rather than simply relying n understanding them cnceptually.（在与公司咨询和指导领导者的工作中，我们发现，如果你想要发展特定的EI优势，考虑其他人已经确定的改进领域以及你想要实现的目标，然后积极地在这些领域建立习惯，而不是简单地依赖于概念上的理解是有帮助的。）可知你知道如何在别人的帮助下更好地提高情商。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。由本文第二自然段The first step is t get a sense f hw yur self﹣perceptin （hw yu see yurself） differs frm yur reputatin （hw thers see yu）.This is especially true fr the develpment f EI because we can be blind t hw we express and read the emtinal cmpnents f ur interactins.Fr example，mst f us think that we're gd listeners，but very ften that's really nt the case.Withut this external reality check，it will be difficult fr yu t identify the ways that yur actins affect yur perfrmance.Getting feedback frm thers can als prvide prf f the necessity f shifting ur behavir and mtivatin t d s.（第一步是弄清楚你的自我认知（你如何看待自己）和你的声誉（别人如何看待你）有何不同。对于情商的发展来说尤其如此，因为我们可能对我们如何表达和阅读我们互动中的情感成分视而不见。例如，我们大多数人都认为自己是好的倾听者，但事实往往并非如此。如果没有这种______，你就很难确定你的行为是如何影响你的表现的。从别人那里得到反馈也可以证明我们改变行为的必要性和动机。）可知划线词external reality check指的是"外部现实检查"，B．Yur teacher directed yu twards a better attitude in study.（你的老师教导你要有更好的学习态度。）就是一种外部现实检查。故选B。
（3）段落大意题。由本文第四自然段的内容Secndly，when yu get yur feedback frm an assessment，let that infrm what yu want t imprve.But als cnsider what yur gals are.When it cmes t cultivating strengths in emtinal intelligence，yu're at a huge disadvantage if yu're nly interested because thers say yu shuld be.Yur emtinal intelligence is s tied up in yur sense f self that being intrinsically（内在的） mtivated t make the effrt matters mre when changing lngstanding habits than it des when simply learning a skill.（其次，当你从评估中得到反馈时，让它告诉你想要改进的地方。但也要考虑你的目标是什么。当谈到培养情商的优势时，如果你只是因为别人说你应该感兴趣，你就会处于巨大的劣势。你的情商与你的自我意识密切相关，所以在改变长期的习惯时，内在的动力更重要，而不仅仅是学习一项技能。）可知第四段主要讲述了当你想提高情商时，你应该考虑你的目标。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。由本文第一自然段In ur wrk cnsulting with cmpanies and caching leaders，we have fund that if yu're lking t develp particular EI strengths，it helps t cnsider areas fr imprvement thers have identified alng with the gals yu want t achieve﹣and then t actively build habits in thse areas rather than simply relying n understanding them cnceptually.（在与公司咨询和指导领导者的工作中，我们发现，如果你想要发展特定的情商优势，考虑其他人已经确定的改进领域以及你想要实现的目标，然后积极地在这些领域建立习惯，而不是简单地依赖于概念上的理解是有帮助的。）可知作者可能会同意的是有效的情商发展取决于不同的因素。故选A。
passage 12
Researchers have designed a 4 D﹣printed sft rbt that self﹣assembles （自动组装） when heated and can take n challenging tasks like rlling uphill and navigating an unpredictable landscape.
"Like an insect with antennae （天线），the rbt can vercme a small bstacle.But when the bstacle is t high，it will turn back and never cme back，" says senir authr Wei Feng，a materials scientist at Tianjin University in China. "The whle prcess is finished by itself withut human's cntrl."
When the surface beneath it is heated，the rbt frm a tube like a spring.The change in shape adds time as a furth dimensin （维度）t the printing prcess，making it 4 D．
Once the rbt frms a tube，the cntact frm the ht surface causes a respnse in the material，which causes it t rll in ne directin.The driving frce behind this mtin is s strng that the rbt can climb up a 20° incline （斜度） r even carry a lad 40 times its wn weight.The length f the rbt affects its speed，with lnger rbts rlling faster than the shrter nes.
The researchers caught vides shwing ff the rbt's skills，including a race between differently sized rbts and anther rbt carrying a cart.The vides als shw hw its behavir changes based n its surrundings，with the rbt either climbing up a step r changing directins when encuntering a difficult bstacle.
Fr Feng，the behavir f the rbt came as a surprise.He says， "We fund many interesting driving phenmena besides the change f shape." In the future，these sft rbts may be used t perfrm wrk in small，limited places like in a pipe. "We hpe that sft rbts will n lnger be limited t simple actuatrs （驱动器），which can nly change shape in a fixed psitin，" says Feng.
（1）What will the rbt d when an bstacle is beynd its reach？
A．Give up reaching it.
B．G back t ask fr help.
C．Search fr anther ne.
D．Turn t the peple arund.
（2）What will happen when the rbt is heated？
A．It will becme a spring.
B．It will change faster.
C．It will change its shape.
D．It will be ut f cntrl.
（3）What can affect the rlling speed f the rbt？
A．Hw heavy it is.
B．Hw lng it is.
C．What it lks like.
D．What directin it rlls in.
（4）Hw des Feng expect the rbt t becme？
A．Mre beautiful.
B．Mre accessible.
C．Mre cnvenient.
D．Mre pwerful.
【答案】ACBD
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种4 D打印的软机器人。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。由本文第二自然段中的关键句But when the bstacle is t high，it will turn back and never cme back，（但当障碍太高时，它就会折返，永远不会回来，）可知如果障碍物无法触及时机器人会放弃接触它。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。由本文第三自然段中的关键句When the surface beneath it is heated，the rbt frm a tube like a spring.The change in shape adds time as a furth dimensin （维度） t the printing prcess，making it 4 D.（当它下面的表面被加热时，机器人就会形成一个像弹簧一样的管子。形状的变化将时间作为第四个维度添加到打印过程中，使其成为4 D。）可知当机器人被加热时会改变形状。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。由本文第四自然段The length f the rbt affects its speed，with lnger rbts rlling faster than the shrter nes.（机器人的长度会影响它的速度，较长的机器人比较短的机器人滚动得更快。）可知机器人的长度可以影响它的速度。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。由本文最后一自然段We hpe that sft rbts will n lnger be limited t simple actuatrs （驱动器），which can nly change shape in a fixed psitin，" says Feng.（"我们希望软体机器人不再局限于只能在固定位置改变形状的简单驱动器，"冯说。）可知冯希望该机器人的功能更强大。故选D。
passage 13
A new kind f slar panel，develped at the University f Michigan，has achieved high efficiency in transfrming water int hydrgen and xygen—imitating a crucial step in natural phtsynthesis（光合作用）.The utdr versin f the experiment，with less reliable sunlight and temperature，achieved 6.1% efficiency at turning the energy frm the sun int hydrgen fuel.Hwever，indrs，the system achieved 9% efficiency.
But the biggest benefit is driving dwn the cst f sustainable hydrgen.This is enabled by reducing the size f the semicnductr（半导体），typically the mst expensive part f the device.The team's self﹣healing semicnductr withstands cncentrated light equivalent t 160 suns.
"We believe that artificial phtsynthesis devices will be much mre efficient than natural phtsynthesis，which will prvide a path tward carbn neutrality，" said Zetian Mi，U﹣M prfessr f electrical and cmputer engineering wh led the study reprted in Nature.
The new technlgy has tw advances.The first is the ability t cncentrate the sunlight withut destrying the semicnductr that traps the light. "We reduced the size f the semicnductr by mre than 100 times cmpared t sme semicnductrs nly wrking at lw light intensity，" said Peng Zhu，U﹣M research fellw in electrical and cmputer engineering and first authr f the study. "Hydrgen prduced by ur technlgy culd be very cheap."
And the secnd is using bth the higher energy part f the slar spectrum（光谱） t break dwn water and the lwer part f the spectrum t prvide heat that encurages the reactin.The magic is enabled by a semicnductr catalyst（催化剂） that imprves itself with use，resisting the degradatin（降解） that such catalysts usually experience when they trap sunlight t drive chemical reactins.
The next challenges the team intends t tackle are t further imprve the efficiency and t achieve superhigh purity hydrgen that can be directly fed int fuel cells.
（1）What leads t the lwer cst f sustainable hydrgen？
A．Slar energy.
B．Smaller semicnductrs.
C．Natural phtsynthesis.
D．Mre cncentrated light.
（2）What is an advantage f the new technlgy？
A．A catalyst easily available.
B．Creative use f the slar spectrum.
C．Outstanding ability t reflect light.
D．A semicnductr wrking at lw light intensity.
（3）Why are the tw advances f the new slar panel mentined？
A．T intrduce a greener lifestyle.
B．T prmte its cmmercial value.
C．T state its technical breakthrugh.
D．T advertise the ptential applicatin.
（4）Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text？
A．A．New Trend in Water Usage.
B．The Future f Sustainable Hydrgen.
C．Slar Energy：Mre Efficient，Greener.
D．Cheaper Hydrgen Thrugh Slar Pwer.
【答案】BBCD
【分析】这是一篇说明文。密歇根大学通过模仿自然的光合作用，开发了一种新型太阳能电池板，它能高效地将水转化为氢。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段But the biggest benefit is driving dwn the cst f sustainable hydrgen.This is enabled by reducing the size f the semicnductr （但最大的好处是降低了可持续氢的成本。这是通过减小半导体的尺寸实现的）可知，导致持续氢的低成本的原因是半导体的尺寸更小了。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段The new technlgy has tw advances. （这项新技术有两个进步。 ）和第五段And the secnd is using bth the higher energy part f the slar spectrum（光谱） t break dwn water and the lwer part f the spectrum t prvide heat that encurages the reactin.（第二个进步是利用太阳光谱的高能量部分来分解水，并利用光谱的低能量部分提供热量来促进反应。）可知，这项新技术（新的太阳能电池板）的一个优势是创造性利用太阳光谱。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段The first is the ability t cncentrate the sunlight withut destrying the semicnductr that traps the light. （首先是在不破坏捕获光的半导体的情况下集中太阳光的能力。）和第五段And the secnd is using bth the higher energy part f the slar spectrum t break dwn water and the lwer part f the spectrum t prvide heat that encurages the reactin. （第二个进步是利用太阳光谱的高能量部分来分解水，并利用光谱的低能量部分提供热量来促进反应。）可知，文章提到新型太阳能电池板的两项进步是为了陈述其技术突破。故选C。
（4）标题判断题。通读全文和第一段A new kind f slar panel，develped at the University f Michigan，has achieved high efficiency in transfrming water int hydrgen and xygen（ 密歇根大学开发的一种新型太阳能电池板已经实现了高效地将水转化为氢和氧）和第四段Hydrgen prduced by ur technlgy culd be very cheap.（用我们的技术生产氢气可能会非常便宜。）可知，本文主要讲了利用太阳能将水转化为氢和氧（本文重点强调了氢），利用这个技术生产的氢非常便宜。D项Cheaper Hydrgen Thrugh Slar Pwer（通过太阳能发电更便宜的氢）是最合适的标题。故选D。
passage 14
First the rbts came fr ur jbs.Nw they're cming fr ur hbbies.Ggle's DeepMind AI lab has been busy the past few years，creating prgrams t take n human players acrss a variety f games.In 2016 its AlphaG beat the best G player in the wrld.Earlier this year，its Alpha Star defeated tw middle﹣tier players at the ppular nline game StarCraft II.Nw it's learning t win at multiplayer games.
"Artificially intelligent agents are getting better and better at tw﹣player games，but mst real﹣wrld endeavrs require teamwrk，" DeepMind's researchers wrte in a paper published in Science in June.
T be sure，cmputers have been prving their dminance （优越） ver humans in ne﹣n﹣ne turn﹣based games such as chess ever since IBM's Deep Blue beat Russian chess master Garry Kasparv in 1997.
Hwever，successfully using teamwrk t win in multiplayer games with cmplex envirnments was difficult t achieve.
Fr this purpse，DeepMind's researchers designed AI agents that taught themselves hw t play first﹣persn game Quake III Arena.The team，led by Max Jaderberg，wrked n a mdified （修改的） versin f Quake III Arena.
The game mde they chse was "Capture （抢） the Flag".All the players must wrk tgether t steal the ther team's flag while safeguarding their wn.
The AI agents "trained" with 12 hurs f game data，then matched up against prfessinal game testers.The AI wn 75 percent f the time，even when its reactin time artificially slwed dwn t human levels and when their aiming ability was similarly reduced.
And in rder t make imprvements，the prgrammers used varius kinds f "rewards" t help the AI players weigh their gals and actins t help them cperate in the teamwrk.They als used randmized maps fr each new match.
"That meant the slutins that the agents find have t be general– they cannt just memrize a sequence （系列） f actins，" said c﹣authr Wjciech Czarnecki.
The nly time humans were able t beat the AI agents was when they teamed up tgether.A team cnsisting f ne human and ne AI agent had a five percent greater win prbability than a team f just AI agents.
Ethan Gach said at the vide game news website Ktaku， "It suggests that the AI prgram is able t adapt t playing with nn﹣AI teammates." In the near future，AI may cperate with human beings in sme ther fields，such as medicine and ther branches f science.
（1）What might be the mst difficult task fr AI agents in multiplayer games？
A．Understanding the rules.
B．Cperating with ther players.
C．Memrizing cmplex actins.
D．Increasing reactin speed.
（2）Hw did the researchers f Ggle's DeepMind train AI agents？
A．They gave varius "punishments" when AI agents lst the games.
B．They made AI agents team up with nn﹣prfessinal human players.
C．They limited the time fr AI agents t cmplete difficult tasks.
D．They put them thrugh thusands f games with different situatins.
（3）What des Gach mean in the last paragraph？
A．AI players perfrm better than humans in a team game.
B．AI prgrams shuld be ffered mre game data.
C．AI players are able t d well with human players.
D．AI prgrams have been successfully applied in the field f medicine.
（4）The underlined wrd "randmized" in Paragraph 8 can be understd as .
A．generalized
B．specialized
C．updated
D．memrized
（5）What's the best title f this passage？
A．Researches n DeepMind AI
B．Training AI Agentn AI
C．Teaming up with AI
D．AI Cmpeting with Human Beings
【答案】BDCAC
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能在团队合作上的发展，人工智能可以通过训练与人类在不同的领域进行团队合作。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第四段中的Hwever，successfully using teamwrk t win in multiplayer games with cmplex envirnments was difficult t achieve.（然而，在复杂环境的多人游戏中成功利用团队合作获胜是很困难的。）可知，团队合作可能是很困难的任务。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第七段中的The AI agents "trained" with 12 hurs f game data，then matched up against prfessinal game testers.（AI代理使用12小时的游戏数据 进行"训练"，然后与专业游戏测试人员进行匹配。）以及第八段中的And in rder t make imprvements，the prgrammers used varius kinds f "rewards" t help the AI players weigh their gals and actins t help them cperate in the teamwrk.（而为了做出改进，程序员们用各种"奖励"来帮助AI玩家权衡他们的目标和行动，帮助他们在团队合作中合作。）可知，研究者通过将人工智能置于各种不同的情况下进行训练。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据尾段中的Ethan Gach said at the vide game news website Ktaku，"It suggests that the AI prgram is able t adapt t playing with nn﹣AI teammates."（Ethan Gach在视频游戏新闻网站Ktaku上说，"这表明AI程序能够适应与非AI队友一起玩。"）可知，Ethan Gach认为人工智能在与人类玩家合作中表现很好。故选C。
（4）词句猜测题。结合划线单词所在的句子They als used…maps fr each new match.（他们为每一款新游戏使用……地形图。）可知，他们也使用新比赛的各种地形图来训练人工智能的团队合作，再根据第四段Hwever，successfully using teamwrk t win in multiplayer games with cmplex envirnments was difficult t achieve.（然而，在复杂环境的多人游戏中成功利用团队合作获胜是很困难的。）可知，多玩家游戏相对来说环境是很复杂的，所以在训练过程中的地图也不应该是固定的，而是随机的，由此可猜测该单词的意思是"随机化的"，A．generalized广泛的；B．specialized专门的；C．updated更新的；D．memrized记忆的。generalized词义最为接近。故选A。
（5）标题归纳题。根据第二段"Artificially intelligent agents are getting better and better at tw﹣player games，but mst real﹣wrld endeavrs require teamwrk，" DeepMind's researchers wrte in a paper published in Science in June.（"人工智能代理在双人游戏中越来越好，但大多数现实世界的努力都需要团队合作，"DeepMind的研究人员在六月发表在《科学》杂志上的一篇论文中写道。）可知，人工智能在双人游戏对战中表现越来越好，但是大多数的现实世界中需要的是团队合作，由此引出下文的介绍，研究者通过训练来培养人工智能的团队合作能力，结合尾段In the near future，AI may cperate with human beings in sme ther fields，such as medicine and ther branches f science.（在不久的将来，人工智能可能会在其他一些领域与人类合作，例如医学和其他科学分支。）可知，在未来，人工智能能在某些领域与人类合作，所以该文主要介绍的是人工智能的团队合作。故选C。
passage 15
Technlgy caused the prblem f false news，and it's easy t think that technlgy can slve it and that we nly need t find the right technlgy t slve the prblem.But this apprach ignres valuable lessns cncerned with hw we acquire knwledge.
T understand hw false news cmes，start with an example.Imagine yu're ut fr drinks when ne f yur friends shcks the table with an unprven stry abut a lcal famus peple.The stry is s shcking yu're nt sure it culd be right.But then，here's yur gd friend，putting their reputatin n the line.Maybe yu shuld believe it.
This is an instance f what philsphers call testimny （证词）.It's similar t the srt f testimny given in a curtrm，but it is less frmal and much mre frequent.Testimny happens any time yu believe smething because smene else prves the accuracy f the infrmatin.Mst f ur knwledge abut the wrld is secndhand knwledge that cmes t us thrugh testimny.After all，we can't each d all f ur wn scientific research，r make ur wn maps f distant cities.
Scial media has strange testimnial rules，and it is hard t slve the prblem f false news.On Facebk，Twitter and similar platfrms，peple dn't always mean what they say，and we dn't always expect them t.A the infrmal Twitter：advertisement ges： "A retweet （转发推文） is nt an apprval." When a well﹣knwn plitician was caught retweeting false statistics abut race and crime，he tld Fx News it wasn't a big deal： "am I gnna check every statistic？All it was is a retweet.It wasn't frm me." Intellectually （理智上），we knw that peple d this all f the time n scial media，and pass alng news withut checking its accuracy，but many f us listen t them anyway.The infrmatin they share is just t attractive t ignre﹣especially when it is abut ur existing plitical beliefs.
（1）Why d we tend t believe surprising news ver drinks？
A.We've cnfirmed it.
B.We may be drunken.
C.We find it amazing.
D.We trust in ur friends.
（2）What des the underlined wrd "it" refer t in paragraph 3？
A.The statement in curt.
B.The talk in a restaurant.
C.The evidence f a crime.
D.The testimny f a philspher.
（3）Why is it easy fr us t believe the cntent prducers n scial media？
A.We are tlerant f their actins.
B.Scial media have issued dd regulatins.
C.We will identify with them readily.
D.Scial media dn't check the infrmatin.
（4）What may be the best title fr the text？
A.Hw t Fix False News
B.Hw Incrrect Infrmatin Arrives
C.What Infrmatin t Acquire
D.When Testimny Disturbs Audience
【答案】DBCB
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们总认为技术可以解决假新闻这个问题，其实不然，文章分析了假新闻是如何产生的。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。由此篇文章第二段中的关键句The stry is s shcking yu're nt sure it culd be right.But then，here's yur gd friend，putting their reputatin n the line.Maybe yu shuld believe it.（这个故事太令人震惊了，你不确定它是否正确。但现在，你的好朋友冒着名誉风险。也许你应该相信。）可知你是因为相信自己的朋友才相信这则消息。故选D。
（2）代词指代题。由此篇文章第三段This is an instance f what philsphers call testimny （证词）.It's similar t the srt f testimny given in a curtrm，but it is less frmal and much mre frequent.（这就是哲学家所说的证词。它类似于法庭上的证词，但它不那么正式，而且更频繁。）可知，这个"it"指的正是哲学家所说的"证词"，而这个证词指的是第二段的Imagine yu're ut fr drinks when ne f yur friends shcks the table with an unprven stry abut a lcal famus peple.The stry is s shcking yu're nt sure it culd be right.But then，here's yur gd friend，putting their reputatin n the line.Maybe yu shuld believe it. （想象一下，当你出去喝酒时，你的一个朋友说了一个关于当地名人的未经证实的故事，震惊了整个桌子。这个故事太令人震惊了，你不确定它是否正确。但现在，你的好朋友冒着名誉风险。也许你应该相信。）可知这个it所指的正是在餐厅里的谈话。A.The statement in curt.法庭上的陈述；B.The talk in a restaurant.餐馆里的谈话；C.The evidence f a crime.犯罪的证据；D.The testimny f a philspher.哲学家的证词。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。由此篇文章第三段中的关键句Testimny happens any time yu believe smething because smene else prves the accuracy f the infrmatin.（任何时候，当你相信某件事，因为别人证明了该信息的准确性时，证词就会发生。）和最后一段中的关键句Intellectually （理智上），we knw that peple d this all f the time n scial media，and pass alng news withut checking its accuracy，but many f us listen t them anyway.The infrmatin they share is just t attractive t ignre﹣especially when it is abut ur existing plitical beliefs.（理智上，我们知道人们在社交媒体上一直都是这样做的，并且在不检查准确性的情况下传递新闻，但我们中的许多人还是会听它们。他们分享的信息太有吸引力了，不容忽视﹣﹣﹣尤其是当它涉及到我们现有的政治信仰时。）可知我们会很容易地与社交媒体上的内容生产者产生共鸣。故选C。
（4）标题判断题。由此篇文章第一段中的关键句But this apprach ignres valuable lessns cncerned with hw we acquire knwledge.（但是，这种方法忽略了与我们如何获得知识有关的宝贵经验。）第二段T understand hw false news cmes，start with an example.（要了解假新闻是如何产生的，请从一个例子开始。）以及最后一段中的关键句Scial media has strange testimnial rules，and it is hard t slve the prblem f false news.（社交媒体有着奇怪的证言规则，虚假新闻的问题很难解决。）可知，本文解释了假新闻是如何产生的。所以"不正确的信息是如何产生的"作为题目最合适。故选B。
passage 16
While mst f us are never withut ur smartphnes，rbts may als sn becme essential cmpanins.It certainly seems s based n the recent experiments cnducted by researchers in Japan，wh develped a wearable sft rbt fr patients t use during treatments，such as injectins（注射）and ther unpleasant therapies in an attempt t ease their pain and defend peple against anxiety.On being subjected t a mderate heat stimulus（刺激），the study participants wh wre the rbt experienced less pain than in the tests in which they did nt wear the rbt.
During the campaign t encurage vaccinatin against COVID﹣19，public health fficials recgnized that sme peple are simply afraid f needles，which cntributed t reduced vaccinatin rates.While the prblems f patient anxiety and pain during medical prcedures have been well studied，there remains a need t test and implement slutins t help patients.
The sft fur﹣cvered rbt the scientists called Relieb was designed t be attached t the participant's hand.The researchers tested its effectiveness under varius cnditins based n the clenching f the participant's hand，while applying the painful thermal stimulus t the ther arm that was nt being used t hld the rbt.The researchers fund that hlding the rbt helped relieve the experience fr patients regardless f the experimental cnditins used，and cncluded that the feelings f well﹣being that can be created by human tuch may have als been activated by the rbt."It is well knwn that interpersnal tuch can reduce pain and fear，and we believe that this effect can be achieved even with nnliving sft rbts，"states Prfessr Tanaka.
This may be useful when actual human cntact is nt feasible，such as during pandemics.Future versins f the rbt might use a cntrlled gaze r even AR（augmented reality）technlgies t help build a cnnectin with the patient r distract them frm pain perceptin in varius situatins.
（1）What is the purpse f the rbt？
A.T assist dctrs in injecting accurately.
B.T help relieve peple's pain frm injectins.
C.T evaluate patients' physical and mental health.
D.T assess the effects f getting vaccinated against COVID﹣19.
（2）Hw des the rbt ease the pain and anxiety f the patients？
A.The rbt is designed t be attached t the patients' hand.
B.The rbt's sft fur gives the patients a feelings f well﹣being.
C.The rbt's"interpersnal tuch"creates a feelings f well﹣being.
D.The rbt instructs the researchers t relieve the experience fr patients.
（3）What will researchers prbably d next？
A.Develp ther devices fr medical treatment.
B.Carry ut mre and mre tests n the rbt.
C.Evaluate the pssible risk f using the rbt.
D.Prmte the applicatin f the rbt wrldwide.
（4）Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage？
A.Hw t Reduce Peple's Fear f Injectins.
B.Advanced Technlgy Helps t Cure Patients.
C.Being Afraid f Needles Reduced Vaccinatin Rates.
D.Wearable Sft Rbt Helps Peple Scare f injectins.
【答案】BCAD
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本研究人员最近进行的实验，他们开发了一种可穿戴的软体机器人从而保护人们免受焦虑。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段It certainly seems s based n the recent experiments cnducted by researchers in Japan，wh develped a wearable sft rbt fr patients t use during treatments，such as injectins（注射） and ther unpleasant therapies in an attempt t ease their pain and defend peple against anxiety.（从日本研究人员最近进行的实验来看，似乎确实如此。他们开发了一种可穿戴的软体机器人，供患者在治疗期间使用，如注射和其他令人不快的治疗，试图减轻他们的疼痛，保护人们免受焦虑。）可知，这款机器人可以减轻患者的疼痛。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段The researchers fund that hlding the rbt helped relieve the experience fr patients regardless f the experimental cnditins used，and cncluded that the feelings f well ﹣being that can be created by human tuch may have als been activated by the rbt. "It is well knwn that interpersnal tuch can reduce pain and fear，and we believe that this effect can be achieved even with nnliving sft rbts，" states Prfessr Tanaka.（研究人员发现，无论实验条件如何，抱着机器人都有助于缓解患者的体验，并得出结论，人类触摸所产生的幸福感可能也被机器人激活了。田中教授说："众所周知，人与人之间的接触可以减少疼痛和恐惧，我们相信即使是在无生命的软体机器人身上也能达到这种效果。"）可知，这款机器人让人们在触摸它的时候产生了幸福感，从而缓解了疼痛和焦虑。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Future versins f the rbt might use a cntrlled gaze r even AR（augmented reality） technlgies t help build a cnnectin with the patient r distract them frm pain perceptin in varius situatins.（未来版本的机器人可能会使用控制凝视甚至AR（增强现实）技术来帮助与患者建立联系，或在各种情况下分散他们对疼痛的感知。）可推断，研究人员未来会开发一些其他的医疗功能。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章第一段It certainly seems s based n the recent experiments cnducted by researchers in Japan，wh develped a wearable sft rbt fr patients t use during treatments，such as injectins（注射） and ther unpleasant therapies in an attempt t ease their pain and defend peple against anxiety.On being subjected t a mderate heat stimulus（刺激），the study participants wh wre the rbt experienced less pain than in the tests in which they did nt wear the rbt. （从日本研究人员最近进行的实验来看，似乎确实如此。他们开发了一种可穿戴的软体机器人，供患者在治疗期间使用，如注射和其他令人不快的治疗，试图减轻他们的疼痛，保护人们免受焦虑。在接受适度的热刺激时，佩戴机器人的研究参与者比不佩戴机器人的测试参与者感受到的疼痛要少。）及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种可穿戴的软体机器人，它们可以帮助那些害怕注射的人们，以缓解他们的焦虑。所以"Wearable Sft Rbt Helps Peple Scare f injectins.（可穿戴软体机器人帮助人们避免打针。）"作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
passage 17
A battery made f paper stands ut amng the 200 best inventins f the year in TIME Magazine. "It sunds impssible：Just add water t a piece f paper and get energy，" said TIME Magazine，wh chse the Swiss﹣made battery as ne f the winners in this year's "Experimental" inventins.
The battery was created by researchers at the Swiss Federal Labratry fr Materials Testing and Research. "Over the last decades，we have witnessed an increasing use f electrnic devices，leading in turn t electrnic waste （e﹣waste）becming the wrld's fastest grwing waste stream." wrte the researchers in their published paper.They develped the paper battery aiming t reduce the envirnmental impact f single﹣use electrnics by turning t mre envirnmentally friendly materials.
The battery was described t be made frm paper with salt inside and based n printed inks：tw kinds f inks cntaining different minerals acted as the psitive end and the negative end.Analysis f the perfrmance f a ne﹣cell paper battery shwed that after tw drps f water were added，the battery started wrking within 20 secnds and reached a stable vltage （电压） f 1.2 V.After ne hur，the ne﹣cell battery's perfrmance drpped significantly as the paper dried ut.But after the researchers added tw extra drps f water，its perfrmance increased with a stable vltage f 0.5 V fr anther hur.
Within tw t five years，the technlgy culd be used in lw﹣pwer electrnics such as medical devices and smart packaging. "I see a new rle fr culd als be an answer t the grwing cncern ver e﹣waste，" said EMPA's Gustav Nyström，the inventr.He tld TIME Magazine they wanted t imprve the efficiency f the battery in the futured and get it wrking fr lnger.
Each year TIME Magazine lists a selectin f best inventins that "change hw we live"，based n their riginality，creativity，efficiency，impact and ther criteria.
（1）What did the researchers aim t d by develping a paper battery？
A．Create mre envirnmentally friendly materials.
B．Win the best experimental inventin f this year.
C．Reduce the impact f electrnics n the envirnment.
D．Make the develpment f electrnic devices grw faster.
（2）Hw did the researchers increase the perfrmance f the battery？
A．By rewetting the paper.
B．By drpping mre ink.
C．By shrtening its wrking hurs.
D．By adding anther paper battery.
（3）What aspect f the battery d the researchers plan t prmte accrding t Gustav Nyström？
A．Its creativity.
B．Its packaging.
C．Its technlgy.
D．Its efficiency.
（4）What is the text mainly abut？
A．Scientists invent a paper battery﹣just add water.
B．Paper battery is named amng wrld's best inventins.
C．TIME Magazine lists a selectin f inventins each year.
D．A new rle fr paper may help reduce the electrnic waste.
【答案】CADB
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是纸电池被评为世界上最好的发明之一。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中的They develped the paper battery aiming t reduce the envirnmental impact f single﹣use electrnics by turning t mre envirnmentally friendly materials.（他们开发了纸电池，旨在通过转向更环保的材料来减少一次性电子产品对环境的影响。）可推知，研究人员开发纸电池的目的是减少电子产品对环境的影响。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中的Analysis f the perfrmance f a ne﹣cell paper battery shwed that after tw drps f water were added，the battery started wrking within 20 secnds and reached a stable vltage （电压） f 1.2 V.After ne hur，the ne﹣cell battery's perfrmance drpped significantly as the paper dried ut.But after the researchers added tw extra drps f water，its perfrmance increased with a stable vltage f 0.5 V fr anther hur.（对单芯纸电池的性能分析表明，在加入两滴水后，电池在20秒内开始工作，并达到1.2 V的稳定电压。一小时后，由于纸张变干，单电池的性能显著下降。但在研究人员额外加入两滴水后，它的性能在0.5 V的稳定电压下又提高了一个小时。）可知，研究人员通过重新润湿纸张来提高电池的性能。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段中的He tld TIME Magazine they wanted t imprve the efficiency f the battery in the futured and get it wrking fr lnger.（他在接受《时代》杂志采访时表示，他们希望在未来提高电池的效率，使其工作时间更长。）可知，研究人员计划提升电池的效率，故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段中的A battery made f paper stands ut amng the 200 best inventins f the year in TIME Magazine.（在《时代》杂志评选的年度200项最佳发明中，纸做的电池脱颖而出。）并结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍的是纸电池被评为世界上最好的发明之一。故选B。
passage 18
Radi statins，TV statins，and nline vide and livestreaming platfrms are frbidden t make，bradcast r spread prgrams that feature vereating，accrding t a new wrk plan issued by the Natinal Develpment and Refrm Cmmissin，tgether with three ther departments.
That's a psitive mve.It is easy t see frm even a glimpse at any f the "big stmach" vides r livestreams，in which the hsts may eat a dzen hamburgers fr lunch，fr example，that their eating bviusly exceeds a nrmal appetite.Accrding t reprts，such "big stmach" eaters can attract large audiences and mre fllwers fr cmmercial advertisements.
A gd appetite can be healthy.Yet t prmte such distrted eating is dangerus，nt nly t thse ding the eating n the shws but als anyne wh may be tempted t emulate r cmpete with them，it can cause eating disrders such as bulimia and can prve fatal.
In August 2020，a "big stmach" surnamed Wang in Shenyang city，Nrtheast China's Lianing prvince died when preparing fr his jb，befre which his weight rse frm 100 kils t 140 kils.In the same mnth，a 3﹣year﹣ ld girl called "Peppa" was fund t weigh 35 kils，far exceeding the nrmal weight，which arused natinwide wrries abut her health.
Thse appearing in such vides r livestreamings are usually hired by cmpanies with whle teams t finish the jb，and even then they ften thrw up during ad breaks s that they can cntinue their perfrmances.And as well as by encuraging peple t eat s much it may harm their health，by creating the impressin that it is OK t eat t excess，such "big stmach" shws may lead t peple wasting fd.
Of curse，that des nt mean fd vides r livestreamings shuld be curbed.A gd fd prgram can teach peple hw t ck delicius dishes r shwcase lcal specialties frm arund the cuntry.It culd als spread the millenniums﹣lng traditinal fd culture f China，which has made a deep impressin n the whle wrld and gt many fllwers.
（1）What can we knw abut "big stmachs"？
A.They can draw many audiences and fllwers.
B.They can see vides r livestreams easily.
C.They are a psitive mve.
D.They ften advertise their nn﹣prfit fd.
（2）The underlined wrd "distrted" in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by .
A.exceptinal
B.casual
C.abnrmal
D.rigid
（3）Which f the fllwing is NOT the effects f "big stmach" vide r livestreaming fr the eaters？
A.They may aruse eating disrders and even death.
B.They may keep the eaters frm thrwing up.
C.They may mislead peple int wasting fd r vereating.
D.They may trigger sme health prblems such as verweight.
（4）What is the best title f the passage？
A.Fd livestreamings shuld be banned
B.Fd culture f China
C.Gd appetite，gd health
D.Lve fd，lve life；dn't envy "big stmachs"
【答案】ACBD
【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文介绍了关于禁止制作、播放和传播暴饮暴食节目的消息，分析了"大胃王"直播的不良影响，指导人们看合适的美食直播，呼吁人们热爱正常饮食，关爱自己的生命。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Accrding t reprts，such "big stmach" eaters can attract large audiences and mre fllwers fr cmmercial advertisements.（据报道，这种"大胃王"可以吸引大量的观众和更多的追随者为商业广告。）可知，为了商业广告而设计的"大胃王"的播出能吸引住观众、粉丝。故选A。
（2）词句猜测题。根据第二段第二句It is easy t see frm even a glimpse at any f the "big stmach" vides r livestreams，in which the hsts may eat a dzen hamburgers fr lunch，fr example，that their eating bviusly exceeds a nrmal appetite.（在"大胃王"视频或直播中，主持人可能会在午餐时吃一打汉堡包，即使只是瞥一眼，也很容易看出他们的食欲明显超过了正常的食欲。）此句中exceeds a nrmal appetite为关键词；第三段 A gd appetite can be healthy.Yet t prmte such distrted eating is dangerus，nt nly t thse ding the eating n the shws but als anyne wh may be tempted t emulate r cmpete with them，it can cause eating disrders such as bulimia and can prve fatal.（好的食欲可以是健康的。然而，宣传这种扭曲的饮食习惯是危险的，不仅对那些在节目中吃东西的人，而且对任何可能被诱惑去模仿或与他们竞争的人来说，都是危险的，它可能导致饮食失调，如贪食症，并可能证明是致命的。）可知，"大胃王"暴饮暴食是不正常的饮食行为，会损害身体健康。A.exceptinal非常特别；B.casual随意，满不在乎；C.abnrmal异常；D.rigid死板。划线词distrted与"nrmal"为反义词。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段A gd appetite can be healthy.Yet t prmte such distrted eating is dangerus，nt nly t thse ding the eating n the shws but als anyne wh may be tempted t emulate r cmpete with them，it can cause eating disrders such as bulimia and can prve fatal.（好的食欲可以是健康的。然而，宣传这种扭曲的饮食习惯是危险的，不仅对那些在节目中吃东西的人，而且对任何可能被诱惑去模仿或与他们竞争的人来说，都是危险的，它可能导致饮食失调，如贪食症，并可能证明是致命的。）可知，"大胃王"视频或直播者可能因暴饮暴食而导致饮食失调，甚至死亡。根据第四段In August 2020，a "big stmach" surnamed Wang in Shenyang city，Nrtheast China's Lianing prvince died when preparing fr his jb，befre which his weight rse frm 100 kils t 140 kils.In the same mnth，a 3﹣year﹣ ld girl called "Peppa" was fund t weigh 35 kils，far exceeding the nrmal weight，which arused natinwide wrries abut her health.（2020年8月，中国东北沈阳市一位姓王的"大肚子"辽宁省在准备工作时死亡，此前他的体重从100公斤上升到140公斤。同月，一位名叫" Peppa"的3岁女孩被发现体重35公斤，远远超过正常体重，这引起了全国人民对她健康的担忧。）可知，"大胃王"行为导致当事人体重超重。第五段最后一句And as well as by encuraging peple t eat s much it may harm their health，by creating the impressin that it is OK t eat t excess，such "big stmach" shws may lead t peple wasting fd.（此外，鼓励人们吃得太多可能会损害他们的健康，给人造成吃得过多是可以接受的印象，这种"大胃"的表现可能会导致人们浪费食物。）可知，"大胃王"节目误导人们，导致食物的浪费。A项、C项和D项都是"大胃王"的不良影响，排除法，故选B。
（4）标题判断题。根据第一段Radi statins，TV statins，and nline vide and livestreaming platfrms are frbidden t make，bradcast r spread prgrams that feature vereating，accrding t a new wrk plan issued by the Natinal Develpment and Refrm Cmmissin，tgether with three ther departments.（根据国家发改委和其他三个部门发布的新工作计划，广播电台、电视台、在线视频和直播平台禁止制作、播放或传播以暴饮暴食为特征的节目。）可知，被禁止的是暴饮暴食类的食品直播。第二至第五段分析"大胃王"直播吸的目的，以及产生的各种不利影响；最后一段引导大家看合适的美食直播。选项D.Lve fd，lve life；dn't envy "big stmachs"（热爱食物，热爱生活，不要羡慕"大肚子"）符合本文标题。故选D。
passage 19
Teaching artificial intelligence t understand simple physics cncepts，such as that ne slid bject can't ccupy the same space as anther，culd lead t mre capable sftware that takes less cmputatinal resurces t train，say researchers at DeepMind.
Nw，Luis Pilt at DeepMind and his clleagues have created an AI called Physics Learning thrugh Aut﹣encding and Tracking Objects （PLATO） that is designed t understand that the physical wrld is cmpsed f bjects that fllw basic physical laws.
The researchers trained PLATO t identify bjects and their interactins by using simulated（模 拟的）vides f bjects mving as we wuld expect，such as balls falling t the grund，rlling behind each ther and buncing ff each ther.They als gave PLATO data shwing which pixels（像素） in every frame r pht belnged t each bject.T test PLATO's ability t understand five physical cncepts，such as slidity，persistence （that an bject desn't tend t vanish） and unchangingness （that an bject tends t retain features like shape and clur），the researchers used anther series f simulated vides.Sme shwed bjects beying the laws f physics，while thers depicted ridiculus actins.They tasked PLATO t predict what wuld happen next in each vide，and fund that its predictins were reliably wrng fr nnsensical vides，but usually crrect fr lgical nes，suggesting the AI has an intuitive（直觉的）knwledge f physics.
Pilt says the results shw that an bject﹣centric view f the wrld culd give an AI a mre generalised and adaptable set f abilities. "If yu cnsider，fr instance，all the different scenes that an apple might be in，" he says. "Yu dn't have t learn abut an apple n a tree，versus an apple in yur kitchen，versus an apple in the garbage.When yu kind f separate the apple as its wn thing，yu're in a better psitin t generalise hw it behaves in new systems，in new cntexts.It prvides learning efficiency."
"This is smewhat like teaching a kid what a car is by first teaching them what wheels and seats are，"Chen Feng at New Yrk University says."The benefit f using bject﹣centric representatin，instead f raw visual inputs，makes AI learn intuitive physical cncepts with better data efficiency."
（1）Why was PLATO created？
A.T help AI prcess mre data.
B.T teach AI researchers hw t use simple physics knwledge.
C.T enable AI t cmprehend simple physics cncepts.
D.T have bjects fllw basic physical laws.
（2）What des the third paragraph mainly talk abut？
A.The purpse f the research.
B.The participants f the research.
C.The bjects f the research.
D.The prcess f the research.
（3）What's the functin f the example in paragraph fur？
A.Clarify a cncept.
B.Prvide theretical basis.
C.Attract readers' attentin.
D.Intrduce a scene.
（4）Which wrd can best describe the attitude f the authr twards PLATO？
A.Uncncerned.
B.Critical.
C.Objective.
D.Indifferent.
【答案】CDAC
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了教会人工智能理解基本的物理概念，使之拥有人一样的直觉感知，有利于研制出占用更少计算资源的、功能更为强大的软件。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Nw，Luis Pilt at DeepMind and his clleagues have created an AI called Physics Learning thrugh Aut﹣encding and Tracking Objects （PLATO） that is designed t understand that the physical wrld is cmpsed f bjects that fllw basic physical laws.（现在，DeepMind 的路易斯皮洛托（Luis Pilt）和他的同事们已经创建了一种名为"通过自动编码和跟踪物体进行物理学习"（PLATO）的人工智能，该智能旨在理解物理世界是由遵循基本物理定律的物体组成的。）可知，制造PLATO 的目的是为了教会人工智能理解基本的物理概念，故选C。
（2）段落大意题。根据第三段第一句The researchers trained PLATO t identify bjects and their interactins by using simulated（模 拟的）vides f bjects mving as we wuld expect，such as balls falling t the grund，rlling behind each ther and buncing ff each ther.（研究人员训练 PLATO 通过模拟物体运动的视频来识别物体及其相互作用，就像我们期望的那样，比如球落到地上，在彼此后面滚动，互相碰撞。）以及本段最后一句They tasked PLATO t predict what wuld happen next in each vide，and fund that its predictins were reliably wrng fr nnsensical vides，but usually crrect fr lgical nes，suggesting the AI has an intuitive（直觉的）knwledge f physics.（他们让 PLATO 预测每个视频中接下来会发生什么，发现它的预测对于无意义的视频来说是可靠的错误，但对于逻辑性的视频来说通常是正确的，这表明人工智能具有物理学的直觉知识。）可知，本段主要讲述的是研究过程，故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段第一句Pilt says the results shw that an bject﹣centric view f the wrld culd give an AI a mre generalised and adaptable set f abilities.（ Pilt说这个结果显示对世界有古怪的想法会给人工智能一种概括性更强、适应性更强的能力。）以及后面的"fr instance（例如 ）"可知，作者举例是要对前面提出的概念进行解释，故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句This is smewhat like teaching a kid what a car is by first teaching them what wheels and seats are，"Chen Feng at New Yrk University says.（这有点像教一个孩子什么是汽车，首先教他们什么是轮子和座椅，"纽约大学的陈峰说。）"可知，作者对PLATO的态度是一种基于常识的客观的态度，故选C。
passage 20
A grup f researchers has develped a new material which is as sft as cttn but as strng as Kevlar and as cnductive as many metals.It can be wrn and washed like nrmal clthing and culd eventually turn athletic clthes int smart "wearables".
The s﹣called "carbn nantube（纳米管）threads" wrk similarly t the wires in an EKG （心电图）mnitring device，which measures heart rhythms t detect heart cnditins.But instead f having t be patched（贴上）nt the skin，they can be sewn int a T﹣shirt and wrn like nrmal athletic clthes，accrding t a new study frm researches at a Rice University Brwn Schl f Engineering lab.And unlike wires.they say the threads can cmfrtably mve with the wearer.and be washed，stretched and wrn repeatedly withut breaking dwn.
The Rice University lab first develped carbn nantube fiber in 2013，and has studied its use in medical peratins，such as in cchlear（耳蜗的） implants fr hearing lss and t repair damaged hearts.But at the time，the riginal filaments （细丝） were t thin t be used by a standard sewing machine.
Fr this latest ne，researchers wrked with a rpe﹣maker t weave the filaments tgether int a material similar t regular sewing thread that culd be sewn int athletic clthes.The resulting "smart" shirt prvides "sft，wearable，dry sensrs fr cntinuus" EKG mnitring，the study states.
Thugh likely a lng way ff frm ging int prductin fr cnsumers.the material culd eventually help replace heavy EKG mnitrs in medical settings and heart rate mnitring watches.With sme changes，clthes with these fibers culd eventually be able t track ther vital signs，accrding t the researchers.
"Yu just dn't find sft，flexible，thread﹣like materials that are cmfrtable t the tuch，that yu can wrk with，that yu can build a bridge r yu can build a pwer line ut f ，but yu can als run it thrugh a sewing machine. " said Oliver Dewy，a member f the research team. "Nthing else behaves like this. "
（1）What's the feature f the new material？
A．It's sft but nt strng enugh.
B．It's flexible but nt cmfrtable.
C．It can cnduct electricity easily.
D．It's t thin t be used by a standard sewing machine.
（2）What was the carbn nantube fiber used fr initially？
A．Measuring heart rhythms.
B．Being sewn int athletic clthes.
C．Helping patients with hearing lss.
D．Imprving exercise capacity f athletes.
（3）What's Oliver Dewy's attitude t this new material？
A．Favrable.
B．Dubtful.
C．Unclear.
D．Critical.
（4）What's the best title f the text？
A．The Future f Sprts Clthes.
B．Prtable Accurate EKG Mnitring Device.
C．The Study f Carbn Nantube Fiber.
D．Measuring Heart Rate Thrugh a Smart Shirt.
【答案】CCAD
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最近研究人员研究出一种纳米纤维，把它织进衣服，再通过蓝牙连上电脑，不仅能监测心率，还能随时做心电图。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的A grup f researchers has develped a new material which is as sft as cttn but as strng as Kevlar and as cnductive（导电的） as many metals.（一组研究人员开发了一种新材料，它像棉花一样柔软，像凯夫拉尔纤维一样坚固，像许多金属一样导电。）可知，这种新型材料跟许多金属一样导电性能好。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中的The Rice University lab first develped carbn nantube fiber in 2013，and has studied its use in medical peratins，such as in cchlear implants（人工耳蜗）fr hearing lss and t repair damaged hearts.（莱斯大学实验室于2013年首次开发出碳纳米管纤维，并研究了其在医疗手术中的应用，如用于听力损失的耳蜗植入和修复受损的心脏。）可知，这种碳纳米管纤维可用于帮助有听力损失的病人。故选C。
（3）观点态度题。根据最后一段Yu just dn't find sft，flexible，thread﹣like materials that are cmfrtable t the tuch，that yu can wrk with，that yu can build a bridge ut f it r yu can build a pwerline ut f it，but yu can als run it thrugh a sewing machine，" said Oliver Dewy，a member f the research team. "Nthing else behaves like this. "（研究团队成员奥利弗•杜伊表示："你找不到柔软、柔韧、线状的材料，这些材料摸起来很舒服，你可以用它们工作，你可以用它们搭建桥梁或电线，但你也可以用缝纫机来运转它。"。"没有其他东西有这样的表现。"）可知，Oliver Dewy的态度是赞成的。A．Favurable.赞成的。B．Dubtful.怀疑的。C．Unclear.不清楚的。D．Critical.批判的。故选A。
（4）标题判断题。第一段介绍了一种新材料，结合第二段The s﹣called "carbn nantube（纳米管）threads" wrk similarly t the wires in an EKG （心电图）mnitring device，which measures heart rhythms t detect heart cnditins.But instead f having t be patched（贴上）nt the skin，they can be sewn int a T﹣shirt and wrn like nrmal athletic clthes，accrding t a new study frm researches at a Rice University Brwn Schl f Engineering lab.（ 所谓的"碳纳米管线"工作原理类似于心电图监测设备中通过测量心律来检测心脏状况的电线。但是，根据莱斯大学布朗工程学院实验室的一项新研究，它们不需要贴在皮肤上，而是可以缝在T恤上，像普通的运动服一样穿着）可知，本文主要介绍一种新材料，这种新材料可以做成线，织在衣服中，从而可以检测心脏状况。所以以Measuring Heart Rate Thrugh a Smart Shirt.（通过智能衬衫测量心率。）作为题目最合适。故选D。