2024年中考英语代词学案
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这是一份2024年中考英语代词学案,共8页。
1.人称代词主格、宾格:
人称代词的主格在句中充当主语。
Eg:She is a gd student.
人称代词的宾格在句中充当动词、介词的宾语或表语。
Eg: I dn’t knw her. His mther is waiting fr him.
Wh is there? It’s me.
人称代词的语序。(几个人称代词并列充当主语,他们的顺序)
单数形式:yu, he/she and I 复数形式: we, yu and they
物主代词
物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
形容词性物主代词后面常接名词,一般不单独使用。
Eg:My name is Anna. His mther is a teacher.
名词性物主代词后面不需要加名词,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。
Eg:My idea is quite different frm hers.
名词性物主代词可与f连用,相当于“f+名词所有格”,表示部分概念或带有一定的感情色彩。
Eg:He is a friend f mine.
反身代词
反身代词的单复数形式。
反身代词用法。
Eg: I hpe yu can enjy yurself at the party.(作宾语)
The children made mdel planes themselves.(作同位语)
反身代词的常用词组。
teach neself 自学 learn by nself 自学 by neself 独自
enjy neself 过得愉快;玩得高兴 hurt neself 受伤
help nself t 随便吃/用 cme t neself 苏醒
指示代词和it的用法。
指示代词。
this这/these这些
(用于近指)
(指下文要提到的事)Eg:Please remember this:N pain,n gain.
that那/thse那些
(用于远指)
(指前面刚刚提到的事)Eg:He is ill.That was why he didn’t g t schl.
打电话时用this介绍自己,that询问对方。
Eg:This is Mike speaking.(我是迈克) Wh’s that?你是谁?
代词it。
指代前面提到过的物。
Eg:The bk n the desk is nt mine.It is Jim’s.
代替指示代词this或that。
Eg:- What’s that/this? - It is a pen.
指代婴儿或不明身份的人。
Eg:Smene is kncking at the dr.Please g and see wh it is.
指代时间或季节。
Eg: - What’s the time nw? - It’s ten ’clck.
指代天气。
Eg: - What’s the weather like tday? - It’s sunny.
指代距离。
Eg: Hw far is it frm yur schl t yur hme?
it,ne,that作替代词时的区别。
it特指上文提到的同一事物。
Eg: The bk is mine.It’s very interesting.
ne泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个,同类而不同物。(同类异物)
Eg: - Wh has a pen? - I have ne.
that常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的名词,以避免重复。
Eg: The weather in Bejing is clder than that in Guangzhu in winter.
不定代词
常用的普通不定代词。
普通不定代词的用法。
sme与any(一些)
sme与any,既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词;sme一般用于肯定句中,any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中。但在疑问句中,当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用sme。
Eg:There aren’t any students in the classrm.
Lk!Sme bys are playing ftball.
- Wuld yu like sme cffee? - Yes,please.
many与much
many修饰可数名词复数,还可以与表示程度的副词s,t,as,hw连用。Much修饰不可数名词,也可以与表示程度的副词s,t,as,hw连用。
Eg:Hw many bttles f water d yu need?
He never eats s much breakfast.
either与neither
either指两个之中的一个,neither指两个人或物中两个都不,常构成固定搭配:either/neither f + 名词(或代词)的复数 + 谓语动词;当(要么...要么)和(既不...也不)连接两个主语时,谓语动词与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致(即就近原则)。
Eg:Neither f the bks is gd.
Neither yu nr he is wrng.
bth与all
bth表示“两者都”,常与and连用;all指“三者或三者以上都”常用f连用。
Eg:Bth she and I are students.
Bth plans are gd.
Jim,Lucy and Lily all agree t stay there.
each与every(限定词)
each和every都表示“每一”。Each强调个体,当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;every强调整体情况,修饰名词时谓语动词也要用单数形式。另外,each指两个或两个以上的人或事物,而every指三个或三个以上的人或事物。
Eg:There are trees n each side f the rad.
Every student in Class 5 passed the exam.
Each f us wears a yellw T-shirt.
We each wear a yellw T-shirt.
区别ther;the ther;thers;the thers;anther
复合不定代词
常见符合不定代词
Eg: D yu have anything special t tell me tday?
Listen t me,bys and girls.I have smething t tell yu.
当句子陈述部分的主语是指人的复合不定代词,如everybdy,nbdy,anyne等时,其反义疑问部分的主语通常用代词they;当句子陈述部分的主语是指物的复合不定代词,如everything,anything,smething,nthing等时,其反义疑问部分的主语通常用it。
Eg:Everybdy is here,aren’t they?
Everything is ready,isn’t it?
当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词smething,everything,everyne等时,形容词或else必须放在这些词的后面。
Eg:He has smething imprtant t tell yu.
Can yu find anyne else?
everyne 的意思等同于everybdy,只能指人;every ne既可指人也可指物,还可以和f短语连用。
Eg:I’d like everyne t be happy.
I have kept every ne f her letters.
练习一:代词填空12。
f us went t the film because we had mney t buy tickets yesterday.
Tm and his father are at wrk nw.
f the tw is right.
He is taller than students in his class.
Sme students like pp music while dn’t in their schl.
I want sme bks bedsides this dictinary.
(我们)lve ur cuntry.
- Wh is it? - It’s (我).
- This is my dictinary. Where is (你的)?
- It’s ver there,n the bed.
The little by is t yung t lk after (他自己).
(谁)are yu speaking t?
(谁的)bk is this?
- Wuld yu like (一些)apples? - Yes,please.
There are t (很多)mistakes in yur exercises.
Either yu r I ging t America.
- Is there in the cup? 杯子里有东西吗?
- N,there is .没有,什么也没有。
练习二:单项选择
- Hi,Michelle.Is this camera?
- N,it’s nt mine.I think it’s .
yur ; Tm’s B.yur; Tm C.his; Tms D.her; Tm’s
Tm,yur MP4 is quite cheap.Where did yu buy ?I wants t buy .
ne;ne B.it;it C.it;ne D.ne;it
There is wrng with my back and it hurts seriusly.
anything B.smething C.nthing D.smebdy
Tny,dn’t tuch the glass,r yu may hurt .
myself B.yurself C.yurselves D.themselves
I can’t find pen.May I use ?
my;yurs B.my;yur C.yur;my D.yurs;mine
6.I invited Li Lei and Wei Hua t g t cncert with me,but f them came.
A.neither B.either C.bth D.all
7.- Hw d yu like the famus actr,Wu Yifan?
-Wnderful!I like very much.
he B.his C.him D.himself
- D yu have else t say fr yur mistakes?
- but srry.
anything;Smething B.smething;Everything
C.smething;Anything D.anything;nthing
- The final rund f the cmpetitin is cming near.Can I really d well this time?
- Believe in .Yu’re always the best in ur schl.
yu B.yur C.yurs D.yurself
- When shall I phne,in the mrning r afternn?
- .I’ll be in all day.
Nne B.Neither C.Either D.Any
- Is there in tday’s TV news?
- N,nthing.
anything interesting B.smething interesting
C.interesting anything D.interesting smething
If yu want a ticket fr a rund-trip ticket,yu will have t pay $80.
anther B.ther C.each D.mre
Linda din’t find she liked and went hme with empty hands finally.
smething B.anything C.nthing D.everything
We have different kinds f summer camps fr children.
Yu can chse fr yur sn.
ne B.it C.that D.either
Mther’s Day is cming.I want t buy a fine watch fr her,but is fit fr her in the shps nearly.
A.n ne B.nthing C.nne D.neither
单数
复数
人称
一
二
三
一
二
三
主格
I
yu
she;he;it
we
yu
they
宾格
me
yu
her;him;it
us
yu
them
单数
复数
一
二
三
一
二
三
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他/她/它们的
形容词性
my
yur
his
her
its
ur
yur
their
名词性
mine
yurs
his
hers
its
urs
yurs
theirs
单数
复数
第一人称
myself我自己
urselves 我们自己
第二人称
yurself你自己
yurselves 你们自己
第三人称
himself他自己
herself她自己
itself它自己
themselves他们自己
她们自己
它们自己
单数
this
that
复数
these
thse
sme;any
few;little
nne;
ne;
ther;
many;much
either;neither
each
bth;all
不定代词
意义
用法说明
ther
另外的
只作表语,常与复数名词连用;但如果前面有the,sme,any,each,every,n,my,yur,his等,则可与单数名词连用
the ther
两者中的另一个
常与ne连用,构成“ ther”;作定语修饰复数名词时,表示“其余的全部”
thers
另一些
泛指别的人或物(但不是全部),不能作定语,可以构成结构
the thers
其余的
特指其余所有的人或物
anther
另一个
指三者或三者以上中的任何一个,用作限定词或代词
smebdy
(某人)
anybdy
(任何人)
nbdy
(没有人)
everybdy
(每个人)
smene
(某人)
anyne
(任何人)
n ne
(没有人)
everyne
(每个人)
smething
(某事)
anything
(任何事)
nthing
(没有东西)
everything
(每一件事)
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