2025届高中英语人教版全程复习构想检测课时作业03（Word版附解析）

这是一份2025届高中英语人教版全程复习构想检测课时作业03（Word版附解析），共6页。

Hwever， there are ways t win an argument every time. When yu state yur psitin， frmulate (阐述) an argument fr what yu claim and hnestly ask yurself whether yur argument is any gd. When yu talk with smene wh takes a stand， ask them t give yu a reasn fr their view and spell__ut their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise bjectins (异议) and listen carefully t their replies. This methd will require effrt， but practice will make yu better at it.
These tls can help yu win every argument—nt in the unhelpful sense f beating yur ppnents but in the better sense f learning abut what divides peple， learning why they disagree with us and learning t talk and wrk tgether with them. If we readjust ur view f arguments—frm a verbal fight r tennis game t a reasned exchange thrugh which we all gain respect and understanding frm each ther—then we change the very nature f what it means t “win” an argument.

1．What is the authr's attitude tward Carnegie's understanding f argument？
A．Critical. B．Supprtive.
C．Tlerant. D．Uncertain.
2．Why d many peple try t avid arguments？
A．They lack debating skills.
B．They may feel bad even if they win.
C．They fear being ignred.
D．They are nt cnfident in themselves.
3．What des the underlined phrase “spell ut” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean？
A．Defend. B．Explain.
C．Cnclude. D．Repeat.
4．What is the key t “winning” an argument accrding t the authr？
A．Sense f lgic.
B．Slid supprting evidence.
C．Prper manners.
D．Understanding frm bth sides.B
[2024·沈阳市高三教学质量监测(三)]The Sahara is the wrld's largest and mst magic desert，but knwledge abut it is surprisingly limited. Even estimates f when it frmed vary widely，frm mre than five millin years ag t mere thusands. Nw，hwever，gelgists studying wind­carried Saharan dust n the Canary Islands have cme clser t settling this：it is，they reprt，clse t five millin years ld.
One reasn fr the uncertainty ver the Sahara's age is that researchers use different methds t estimate it. These include studying desert dust fund in sediment (沉积物) under the Atlantic Ocean，analyzing sandstne and mdeling the ancient climate. T help settle the uncertainty，Daniel Muhs，gemrphlgist f the U．S. Gelgical Survey，and his clleagues lked at sediment n Spain's Canary Islands. They fund evidence f Saharan dust. The dust appeared in ancient sil layers (层)，whse age they assessed n the basis f fssils (化石) fund in the same layers—and that age agreed with the earlier marine sediment studies. The researchers reprted their__findings in Nvember in Palaegegraphy，Palaeclimatlgy，Palaeeclgy.
“The cnclusin f the study is very gd，”says Zhngshi Zhang，a climate mdeler at the University f Bergen in Nrway，wh was nt invlved in the wrk.“Because the dust fund n the islands is distinct frm the cean's recrd，” Zhang adds，“it helps t build the case fr a five­millin­year age.”
The Sahara is the biggest surce f wind­carried dust in the wrld—and that dust's jurney des nt end in the Canary Islands，which lie just ff the western cast f Africa. It cntinues n t places such as the Amazn rainfrest in Suth America，Daniel ntes. Amazn sils are pr in nutrients，and he says the new results help t shw hw rich dust frm Africa culd have been supprting the Suth American regin's incredible bidiversity fr millins f years—adding t the Amazn's wn rigin stry.

5．Hw did Daniel settle the frmatin time f the Sahara？
A．By mdeling the ancient climate in Spain's islands.
B．By studying the desert dust under the Atlantic Ocean.
C．By assessing the age f the dust in ancient sil layers.
D．By analyzing the wind­carried sandstne in the Sahara.
6．What d the underlined wrds “their findings” in Paragraph 2 refer t？
A．The appearance f the dust.
B．The frmatin f tw layers.
C．The age f the Saharan dust.
D．The agreement f tw layers.
7．What cntributes t the bidiversity f the Suth America？
A．The Saharan dust.
B．The Amazn sils.
C．The Amazn rainfrest.
D．The castal waters.
8．Which is the mst suitable title fr the text？
A．The Study f the Sahara
B．The Birth f the Sahara
C．The Surce f the Sahara
D．The Effect f the Sahara
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2024·湖南省名校高三第二次联考]Yu might say I fund marathning， step by step. Or perhaps it fund me. I was __1__ an athlete grwing up. In fact， I have a hard time __2__ that term t myself even tday.
It started when I jined a grup f wmen in my neighbrhd fr a daily three­mile walk. At first it was __3__. But sn， my bdy adjusted and I wanted __4__. Befre lng， I was running 5 miles. Then I set a gal t run a half marathn. And I did cmplete the Cvered Bridges Half Marathn. I thught， “Nw what？” I started t __5__ a marathn.
It s happened that I __6__ a meeting ne night and listened t the speaker and cach， Rick Muhr， and was s __7__ by his wrds. I tld him that I had signed up fr the Ocean State Marathn， just a week away， and that I really didn't believe I culd __8__. Rick lcked eyes with me and said， “Trish， yu've dne enugh training. Yu'll finish！”
I never had smene __9__ me like that， let alne a real， live cach. He gave me the __10__ I needed. I set ut t run my __11__ marathn and cmpleted it in 4：25：00. Little did I knw that this wuld be the beginning f nearly a decade f marathn and distance running.
Running a marathn isn't fr everybdy. But it is fr anybdy， anybdy wh wants t __12__ the unreachable and t take that __13__ int the rest f their life. When yu crss the finish line yu may never have a __14__ picture f what yu are made f and capable f accmplishing. Yur __15__ f the wrld and， mre imprtantly， f yurself will frever be changed！

1．A.always B．rarely
C．never D．nearly
2．A.pinting B．applying
C．turning D．spreading
3．A.hard B．relaxing
C．unfamiliar D．exciting
4．A.sme B．bth
C．mre D．nne
5．A.reprt B．recrd
C．recall D．cnsider
6．A.held B．missed
C．attended D．mentined
7．A.inspired B．disturbed
C．embarrassed D．amused
8．A.participate B．finish
C．win D．run
9．A.agree with B．rely n
C．care fr D．believe in
10．A.cnfidence B．pleasure
C．satisfactin D．mtivatin
11．A.last B．first
C．nly D．secnd
12．A.test B．identify
C．imagine D．reach
13．A.knwledge B．request
C．principle D．experience
14．A.bigger B．brighter
C．clearer D．nicer
15．A.view B．lve
C．descriptin D．memry
[答题区]
1～5 ______________ 6～10 ______________
11～15 ______________
作业进阶(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。作者阐述了争论的意义和赢得争论的方法。
1.答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第一段中“This distaste fr arguments is cmmn， but it depends n a mistaken view f arguments that causes prblems fr ur persnal and scial lives—and in many ways misses the pint f arguing in the first place.(这种对争论的厌恶是很普遍的，但它取决于对争论的错误看法，这种观点会给我们的个人和社会生活带来问题——而且在很多方面，它首先忽略了争论的意义。)”可知，作者对于Carnegie对争论的看法持批判态度，故选A。
2.答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like physical fights， verbal (言语的) fights can leave bth sides bldied. Even when yu win， yu end up n better ff. Yu wuld be feeling almst as bad if arguments were even just cmpetitins—like， say， tennis turnaments.(和身体上的打斗一样，言语上的打斗也会两败俱伤。即使你赢了，你最终也不会变得更好。如果争论只是一场比赛，比如网球比赛，你也会感觉很糟糕。)”可知， 很多人尽量避免争论，是因为即使赢了他们也感觉很糟糕，故选B。
3.答案与解析：B 词句猜测题。根据画线短语所在句“ask them t give yu a reasn fr their view”可知，让他们为自己的观点提供依据，即让他们充分阐明他们的观点，spell ut意为“解释明白，讲清楚”，故选B。
4.答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“If we readjust ur view f arguments—frm a verbal fight r tennis game t a reasned exchange thrugh which we all gain respect and understanding frm each ther—then we change the very nature f what it means t ‘win’ an argument.(如果我们重新调整我们对争论的看法——从一场口水战或网球比赛转变为一种理性的交流，通过这种交流，我们都能获得彼此的尊重和理解——那么我们就改变了‘赢得’争论的本质)”可知，作者认为“赢得”争论的关键是通过交流获得彼此的尊重和理解，故选D。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的、最神奇的沙漠，但是关于它的知识却惊人地有限。来自美国地质调查局的地貌学家Daniel Muhs和他的同事通过评估古代土壤层中尘土的年龄，确定撒哈拉沙漠的形成时间。
5.答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段的“T help settle the uncertainty， Daniel that age agreed with the earlier marine sediment studies.”可知，为了帮助解决这个不确定性，Daniel和他的同事查看西班牙加那利群岛的沉积物。在那里他们发现了撒哈拉沙漠尘土的证据。这种尘土出现在古代的土壤层中，他们以同一个土壤层发现的化石为根据，评估尘土的年龄，这个年龄与早期的海洋沉积物的研究结果相吻合。由此可知，Daniel通过评估古代土壤层中尘土的年龄来确定撒哈拉沙漠的形成时间，故选C。
6.答案与解析：C 词义猜测题。根据第二段的“They fund evidence f Saharan age agreed with the earlier marine sediment studies.”，再结合第5题答案可知，Daniel通过评估古代土壤层中尘土的年龄来确定撒哈拉沙漠的形成时间。由此可知，“their findings”指代上文提及的“撒哈拉尘土的年龄”。
7.答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Amazn sils are pr in Suth American regin's incredible bidiversity fr millins f years”可知，亚马孙土壤营养贫乏，Daniel说这个新的研究结果有助于表明，数百万年以来，来自非洲的肥沃的尘土是如何促成南美洲地区惊人的生物多样性的。
8.答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“gelgists studying windcarried Saharan dust n the Canary Islands have cme clser t settling this： it is， they reprt， clse t five millin years ld”可知，本文主要介绍了地貌学家研究加那利群岛的沉积物，发现撒哈拉沙漠尘土的证据，通过评估古代土壤层中撒哈拉沙漠尘土的年龄，确定撒哈拉沙漠的形成时间，即撒哈拉沙漠有近500万年的历史。故B项“撒哈拉沙漠的诞生”最适合作本文的标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢上马拉松的过程和这项运动的意义。
1.答案与解析：C 根据上文“Yu might say I fund marathning， step by step.”和下文“It started when I jined a grup f wmen in my neighbrhd fr a daily threemile walk.”可推知，作者成年后才接触马拉松，所以在之前的成长过程中，她并不喜欢运动，不算运动员。
2.答案与解析：B 根据下文“that term t myself”可推知，作者觉得很难把“运动员”这一专有名词用在自己身上。apply sth. t sb.是固定短语，意为“把……运用于……”。
3.答案与解析：A 根据下文“But sn， my bdy adjusted”可知，一开始作者的身体没有适应，所以会觉得很难。
4.答案与解析：C 根据上文“a daily threemile walk”和下文“Befre lng， I was running 5 miles.”可知，作者由一开始的步行3英里转变到跑步5英里，说明在身体适应后，作者想要进行更多运动。
5.答案与解析：D 根据上文“Nw what？”可推知，作者在完成了半程马拉松后开始寻找下一个目标，开始考虑全程的马拉松比赛。
6.答案与解析：C 根据下文“a meeting ne night and listened t the speaker and cach”可知，作者参加了一个会议，听了演讲。
7.答案与解析：A 根据下文“I tld him that I had signed up fr the Ocean State Marathn， just a week away， and that I really didn't believe I culd __8__.”可推知，作者深受教练Rick Muhr的话的鼓舞，所以才想和他分享自己的担忧，希望得到鼓励。
8.答案与解析：B 根据下文教练Rick Muhr鼓舞的话“Trish， yu've dne enugh training. Yu'll finish！”可推知，作者怕自己无法完成马拉松比赛。
9.答案与解析：D 根据上文教练Rick Muhr的话“Trish， yu've dne enugh training. Yu'll finish！”可知，教练表达了对作者的信任。
10.答案与解析：A 根据上文“I tld him that I had signed up fr the Ocean State Marathn， just a week away， and that I really didn't believe I culd __8__.”可知，作者对完成马拉松没有信心，所以教练Rick Muhr的鼓励给了她信心。
11.答案与解析：B 根据上文“And I did cmplete the Cvered Bridges Half Marathn. I thught， ‘Nw what？’ I started t __5__ a marathn.”可知，这是作者第一次跑全程马拉松。
12.答案与解析：D 根据上文作者的经历可知，参加马拉松不是件容易的事情，结合句中“the unreachable”可知，作者把完成马拉松比喻成到达不可企及的高点。
13.答案与解析：D 句意：但它适合任何人，任何想要达到不可企及的高点并将这种经历带入他们的余生的人。作者讲完成马拉松相当于到达不可企及的高点，这是一种经历，一种可以铭记余生的经历。
14.答案与解析：C 根据上文“wh wants t __12__ the unreachable”可知，作者把完成马拉松比喻成到达不可企及的高点，结合句中“picture f what yu are made f and capable f accmplishing”可推知，当冲过终点线时，你就突破了自己，会对自己有更清晰的认识。
15.答案与解析：A 根据上文“When yu crss the finish line yu may never have a __14__ picture f what yu are made f and capable f accmplishing.”可知，冲过马拉松的终点意味着突破极限，会对自己有更清晰的认识，所以对世界和自己的看法将永远改变。