初三暑假英语预习讲义 第08讲 Welcome Unit 核心单词知识句型 （教师版）

这是一份初三暑假英语预习讲义 第08讲 Welcome Unit 核心单词知识句型 （教师版），共16页。学案主要包含了36题详解，37题详解，38题详解，39题详解，40题详解，41题详解，42题详解，43题详解等内容，欢迎下载使用。

核心单词讲解
1. exchange n.交换；交流
vt.交换；交流；交易；兑换
● in exchange fr 交换
an exchange student一名交换生
● …用……来交换……
exchange sth with sb与某人交换某物
design n.设计；设计方案；意图
vt.设计；筹划
●be designed fr 为……而设计
be designed t d sth目的是做某事
●by design有意地，故意地
● designer n.设计者
【联想】 表示“故意与偶然”的词语小结∶
故意地∶①by design ②n purpse ③deliberately
偶然地∶①by chance ②by accident ③accidentally
anxius adj.焦虑的；不安的
● be anxius abut/fr 为……担心/担忧
be anxius t d sth 渴望做某事
● anxiety n.担心焦虑渴望
with anxiety 焦虑地
● anxiusly adv.焦虑地
eg. I was tld the Learning Centre prvides help fr students and I'm anxius t get help frm yu.（求助信）
我被告知辅导中心可以给学生提供帮助，我急于想从您那儿得到一些帮助。
annyed adj.恼怒的；生气的（angry）
● be annyed with sb 对某人感到生气
be annyed at/abut sth 因某事生气
● anny vt.使恼怒；打扰
What annys sb mst is that...最让某人生气的是……
● annying adj.使人不高兴的；恼人的
annyance n.恼怒；烦人的事物
eg.（2021·全国乙卷书面表达）What annys many parents mst is that staring at the screen fr a lng time is harmful t their children's eyes.（发言稿）
最让许多家长烦恼的是长时间盯着屏幕对孩子的眼睛有害。
frightened adj.惊吓的；害怕的
● be frightened t d sth 害怕做某事
be frightened t death 吓死
● frightening adj.令人恐惧的；可怕的
● frighten vt.使惊吓，使惊恐；吓唬
frighten sb int/ut f（ding）sth 吓得某人做/不敢做某事
【同义】 scared，terrified，shcked，afraid
senir adj.级别（或地位）高的
n.较年长的人（elderly）
be senir t…比……年长（资深），级别高于……
be junir t…比……年轻（资浅），级别低于……
be superir t 比……优越（更好、强）
be inferir t 低于，不如……，在……之下
【联想】 ①freshman大一新生 ②sphmre大二学生
③junir大三学生 ④senir 大四学生
Impressin n.印象感想
● make/leave a(n) n sb 给某人留下一个……的印象
● impress vt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象
vi.留下印象；引人注目
impress sb with sth=impress sth n/upn sb使某人牢记某事
be impressed by/at/with...对……印象深刻
● impressive adj.给人印象深刻的
eg. My new teacher's rich knwledge and new teaching methd left a deep impressin n us.（人物介绍）
新老师渊博的知识和新颖的教学方法给我们留下了深刻的印象。
cncentrate vi.& vt.集中（注意力）；聚精会神
● cncentrate n 集中精力于
cncentrate ne's mind/attentin n 集中某人的注意力于；致力于；专心于
● cncentratin n.集中；专心
cncentrated adj.集中的；全力以赴的
eg. Playing cmputer games can make us relaxed,but as students we must cncentrate n ur studies.（学校生活）
玩电脑游戏可以使我们放松，但是作为学生我们必须集中精力于学习。
不打扰；不惊动
leave behind遗留；把...抛在后面；超过
leave aside搁置一边；不考虑
leave fr...动身去...
leave ut 省略；遗漏
eg. He's in a bad md right nw, s we'd better leave him alne.
他现在情绪很槽糕,因此我们最好不要打扰他•
cnfident adj.自信的,有把握的(cnvinced)
• be cnfident abut/f… 对有信心，
be cnfident that... 对有把挺
• cnfidence n.信心
have cnfidence in…在方面充满信心。
with cnfidence肯定地，有把握地
【联想】-ent结尾形容词转换成-ence结尾名词
①cnfident-* cnfidence 信心
② silent-* silence 沉默
③ different*-*difference 差异，不同
④ absent—absence 缺席
⑤ intelligent-* intelligence 智慧
= 6 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑥ vilent-*vilence 暴力，暴行
⑦ cnvenient—cnvenience 便利 ；方便
⑧ evident-* evidence 证据
⑨ cnsequent-* cnsequence 结果
⑩ cmpetent-* cmpetence 能力 ；胜任
lk frward t盼望，期待(t为介词)
lk back (n)回忆，回顾
lk int调查；向里看
lk ut fr注意察着，留心
lk dwn n/upn 轻视，瞧不起
lk up t尊敬，敬仰
【联想】 t为介词的短语荟萃
① be/get used t习惯于
② be/get accustmed t 可慣于
③ bject t反对
④be addicted t 对……上瘾
⑤be ppsed t 反对
⑥stick t坚持
⑦pay attentin t 注意……
⑧lead t 导致
take ntes 记笔记
● make a nte 做笔记
take nte f 注意；记笔记
● nte dwn 记录某事
eg. It is a gd habit t take ntes while listening and reading.
边听边读边做笔记是个好习惯。
rganise（又作rganize）vt.组织；筹备；安排；组建 vi.组建；成
rganisatin n.组织；机构；团体
rganiser n.组织者
rganised adj.有组织的；有条理的
eg. Hw des Li Ming rganise his thughts?
李明是怎样整理他的思绪的?
I'll invite peple if yu can rganise fd and drinks.
如果你能备办饮食，我就负责请人。
Yu shuld try and rganise yur time better. 你应该尽量更有效地安排你的时间。These activities were rganised by ur schl, which really prvided us with much pleasure.（报道） 这些活动是由我们学校组织的，这真的为我们提供了很多欢乐。
【联想】 动词去e加后缀“-atin”变名词聚会
①rganise→rganisatin组织 ②determine→determinatin决心③mtivate→mtivatin动机 ④celebrate→celebratin 庆祝⑤translate→translatin 翻译 ⑥cmbine→cmbinatin 联合⑦examine→examinatin考试；审查 ⑧imagine→imaginatin 想象
⑨invite→invitatin邀请 ⑩bserve→bservatin观察⑪prepare→preparatin准备
gal n.目标（target）；球门；射门
achieve ne's gal实现目标
set a gal 确立一个目标
eg. Althugh he failed many times,he wuld face the challenge bravely and tried t achieve his gal.（人物介绍）
虽然他失败了很多次，但他会勇敢地面对挑战，努力实现自己的目标。
imprve vi.& vt.改进；改善
● imprve in在……方面有改进
imprve neself 自我完善；提高自己
imprve the quality f life 提高生活质量
●imprved adj.改良的；改进过的
imprvement n.改进，改善；提高
eg.（2020·新高考卷I写作）After the race，we felt that nt nly did the event imprve ur physical and psychlgical quality,but it als helped us build a psitive attitude t-wards life.（报道）
比赛结束后，我们感到这次比赛不仅提高了我们的身体和心理素质，也帮助我们建立了一种积极的生活态度。
curius adj.好奇的；求知欲强的
● be curius abut 对……感到好奇
be curius t d sth 渴望去做某事
● curisity n.好奇心；求知欲
with curisity好奇地
ut f curisity 出于好奇
● curiusly adv.好奇地
eg. If yu are curius abut the histry f ur schl r cncerned abut it’s future,yu mustn't miss this excellent pprtunity!（邀请信） 如果你对我们学校的历史感到好奇或者关心学校的未来，你不要错过这次好机会。
二、重点词块速记
extra-curricular activities 课外活动
jin the Music Club参加音乐俱乐部
3.a freshman at senir high schl 高中一年级学生
4.a really big challenge 确实是一个巨大的挑战
5.sign up fr advanced literature 报名高级文学课程
6.hand ut fd t hmeless peple 把食物分发给无家可归的人
7.keep up with the ther students 跟上其他学生
8.take curses 上课
9.be well prepared fr university 为大学做好准备
10.get used t senir high schl life 适应高中生活
11.make a wrkable schedule 制定一个可行的时间表
12.imprve my spken English 提高我的英语口语水平
13.have fun 玩得开心
14.spend t much time nline 花太多时间上网
15.cncentrate n schl and family life 专注于学校和家庭生活
16.encurage yur friends t try new hbbies鼓励你的朋友尝试新的爱好
重点句型剖析
1.What if n ne talks t me?（What 要是……会怎么样呢）要是没人跟我说话怎么办呢
2.I take ntes while listening and reading. （省略句） 我边听边读边做笔记。
3.If I'm nt in class,I'm either in the library r in the cmputer lab.
（either…r…要么……要么……）
如果我不在上课，我要么在图书馆，要么在计算机实验室。
4.I miss my friends frm junir high schl, but I believe I will make new friends here, and there's a lt t explre at senir high.
(There be+n./prn.＋t d sth)我想念我初中的朋友们，但我相信我会在这里结交到新朋友，而且高中会有很多事物等待着我去探索。
I fund mst f my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. 我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好且乐于助人。
句型公式|find+宾语+宾补
find+宾语+宾补（形容词/副词/名词/介词短语/不定式/动词-ing形式/动词-ed形式）
（2）find＋it＋形容词/名词＋t d…（it 是形式宾语，t d..是真正的宾语）
①Yu will find paper cutting very easy if yu keep practising it.
如果你坚持练习，你就会发现剪纸很简单。
②Even the best writers smetimes find themselves lst fr wrds. 甚至最好的作家有时候也会发现自己表达不出来。
③ With the wrld becming a glbal village,I find it is necessary t have a gd cmmand f English.（语言学习）随着世界变成了地球村，我觉得学好英语很有必要。
考点一、核心单词拼写
一. 单词拼写
1. I believe I can find smething t e with yu.
2. The prfessr started his l with an ld saying.
3. If yu d nt have an accunt, please （注册 ne.
4. Many wmen earn less than their （男性的）clleagues.
5. Sme university students chse t live in the apartments utside their （校园）.
6. I'm f f walking hme alne in the dark.
7. He used t be quiet, but nw he is very .
8. Withut his help, I wuldn’t d the （实验）well.
9. A laugh can help peple ver a（n） （令人尴尬的）situatin.
10. As sn as we arrived n the island we were eager t （探索）.
11. A sudden （闪光）f lightning lit everything up fr a secnd.
12. We shuld wrk ut a s fr dealing with the prblem.
13. Sme f these exercises can be dne alne, but thers yu have t d with a p .
14. If all f us wrk tgether, there must be smething we can d t i the envirnment.
15. I will put my （个性）, interest and ability int the study t g.
16. Befre handing in yur hmewrk, be sure t r it carefully.
1. exchange 2. lecture 3. register 4. male 5. campus 6. frightened
7. utging 8. experiment 9. awkward 10. explre 11. flash 12. strategy
13. partner 14. imprve 15. persnality 16. revise
考点二、重点词汇选词填空
1. We call peple frm China, Chinese. This is their （natin）.
2. I want t be an excellent advertising （design）.
3. We are all anxius the climber's safety.
4. He missed the train, which （anny）him very much.
5. If we can have gd handwriting, thers wuld have a gd impressin us.
6. If yu cncentrate the prject, yu can finish it n time.
7. We shuld encurage him t have （cnfident）in himself.
8. My family and I lk frward t （see）yu next mnth.
9. The wman in the shp lked at them （curius）.
10. What is the best way fr yu （slve）this prblem?
natinality 2. designer 3. abut 4.annyed 5. n
n 7. cnfidence 8. seeing 9. curiusly 10. t slve
三．单句写作
1. It was their first meeting, and Richard was determined t (给人留下好印象).
As a （初中学生）, I have sme hmewrk t d everyday.
（终于）he succeeded in climbing up the difficult muntain.
The headmaster is busy at his desk. Yu'd better （别打扰他）.
She tk ut her ntebk and began t （记笔记）.
“What if （要是会怎么样？）I can't finish the bk?”, little Tm asked his father anxiusly.
1. make an impressin. 2. Junir high schl student 3. At last 4. leave him alne
5. take ntes 6. What if
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】The Chinese gvernment recently finalized a plan t set up a Giant Panda Natinal Park(GPNP). ___36___ (cver)an area abut three times ___37___ size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry. The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that ___38___ (be)previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity ___39___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilt perid, the GPNP will be fficially set up next year. The GPNP ___40___ (design)t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)f natural ecsystems, preserving bilgical diversity, prtecting eclgical buffer znes, ___41___ leaving behind precius natural assets(资产)fr future generatins”. The GPNP’s main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate ___42___ (ppulatin)and hmes f giant pandas, and ___43___ (eventual)achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.
Giant pandas als serve ___44___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing prtectin t a hst f plants and animals in the suthwestern and nrthwestern parts f China. The GPNP is intended t prvide strnger prtectin fr all the species ___45___ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly imprve the health f the ecsystem in the area.
【答案】36. Cvering 37. the 38. were 39. t increase
40. is designed 41. and 42. ppulatins 43. eventually 44. as 45. that
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cver和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Cvering。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+ the size f +比较成份。故填the。
【38题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number f areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previusly (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填t increase。
【40题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系，应用and。故填and。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和and后的复数名词hmes并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词ppulatin (种群)的复数的形式。故填ppulatins。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语：serve as (充当)。故填as。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．What’s yur ______ (natin)? In ther wrds, which cuntry are yu frm? (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】natinality
【详解】考查名词。句意：你的国籍是什么?换句话说，你来自哪个国家?形容词性物主代词修饰名词，由下文“In ther wrds, which cuntry are yu frm? ”可知，此处询问“国籍是什么”，用名词natinality“国籍”，根据句意，此处用单数，故填natinality。
2．I really get _______ (anny)at thse wh cut in line.
【答案】annyed
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我真的很讨厌那些插队的人。 分析句子可知，get是系动词，接形容词作表语，说明人的感受用annyed“烦恼的”，故填annyed。
Her mther praised her gd ________ (behave) in frnt f the guests.
【答案】behavir
【详解】考查名词。句意：她母亲表扬了她在客人面前的良好行为。分析句子可知，gd为形容词，意为“好的”，后接名词，behave意为“表现”，动词词性，对应的名词为behavir，意为“行为”，此处表抽象意义，不可数，在句中作宾语。故填behavir。
4．T catch the early ________ (fly), we rdered a taxi in advance and gt up very early.
【答案】flight
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了赶上早班飞机，我们提前订了一辆出租车，起得很早。此处作宾语，表示“航班”，应用名词flight，此处特指某次的航班应用单数。故填flight。
The heavy traffic has seriusly influenced peple’s daily life and _______ (ecnmy) develpment.
【答案】ecnmic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：拥挤的交通严重影响了人们的日常生活和经济发展。此处修饰名词develpment，应用形容词ecnmic，作定语。故填ecnmic。
二、汉译英（整句）
1．人们在正式场合以更礼貌的方式说话。
【答案】Peple speak in a mre plite way in frmal situatins.
【详解】考查短语和时态。 in 以……的方式；in frmal situatins在正式场合。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译为Peple speak in a mre plite way in frmal situatins.
2．我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学，因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错。
【答案】My adviser recmmended that I shuld sign up fr advanced literature because I like English and I’m gd at it.
【详解】考查短语、时态和虚拟语气。sign up (fr sth)报名(参加课程)；be gd at擅长。动词recmmend作为“建议”之意，后接宾语从句，从句用shuld + 动词原形的虚拟语气，shuld可以省略。because引导原因状语从句。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为My adviser recmmended that I (shuld) sign up fr advanced literature because I like English and I’m gd at it.
3．努力学习并不总是那么有趣, 但我会为未来上大学或是任何其他要来的事情做好充分准备.
【答案】Studying hard isn't always fun, but I'm well prepared fr university and whatever else cmes my way in the future.
【详解】考查时态，非谓语动词和从句。分析句子可知，用一般现在时，且可以译为but连接的并列句，“努力学习”studying hard，动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，“总是那么有趣”be always fun，加nt表示部分否定；“为……做好准备”be well prepared fr；“大学”university；“任何其他要来的事情”译为whatever else cmes my way，whatever引导宾语从句，cme ne's way“发生在某人身上”；“在未来”in the future。故答案为：Studying hard isn't always fun, but I'll be well prepared fr university r whatever else cmes in the future.
4．正因为是这个原因西班牙语是秘鲁主要官方语言。
【答案】 It is fr this reasn that Spanish is the main fficial language f Peru.
【详解】考查短语、时态和强调句型。fr this reasn因为这个原因；fficial language官方语言。强调句的结构为：It is/was+强调部分+that从句。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。结合其他句意提示，故翻译为It is fr this reasn that Spanish is the main fficial language f Peru.
5．到达目的地后，您将有一天时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。
【答案】After reaching yur destinatin, yu will have a day t explre this amazing ancient city.
【详解】考查时态和非谓语。表示“到达目的地后”可用after作介词，后接动名词短语reaching yur destinatin作宾语，构成介词短语作时间状语；表示“您将有一天时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城”应用一般将来时，谓语动词为will+动词原形，表达为yu will have a day t explre this amazing ancient city，句式have time t d sth意为“有时间做某事”，不定式作定语，形容词amazing意为“令人叹为观止”。故可翻译为After reaching yur destinatin, yu will have a day t explre this amazing ancient city.
四、阅读理解
Passage 1
(湖北省宜城一中、枣阳一中等六校联考2022-2023学年高一上学期期中)My name is Michelle Rgers. Fr mst f my life I had been fighting with my bdy weight. I was either gaining weight r trying t lse it. I wasn’t happy with myself, and I certainly wasn’t able t fully enjy life. Nt nly did I feel bad physically, but I felt terrible emtinally. I als knew I wasn’t able t be the best I culd be, and with failure after failure in lsing weight, I just felt s hpeless t make it.
One day in 2008, I was lking thrugh ads nline and saw a treadmill (跑步机) fr $100. This time I decided t start small and keep it dable. The first week I started walking 15 minutes n the treadmill at a fixed time every day. The next week I did 16 minutes. Each week I added a minute. Gradually, I increased speed as well as time. Once I gt t 30 minutes, the weight started drpping ff.
I didn’t lse weight at first, but I didn’t give up like I did in the past. I realized I started feeling better. My legs were getting strnger. I didn’t feel painful like I used t when I gt up frm my desk. All the effrts I’d been putting int fitness made me want t start eating healthier, t. I began with small changes as well. After these years I started listening t my bdy. It was refusing fd and habits that were bad fr me.
Tday, the extra weight is gne. I still exercise every mrning. I lk and feel the best I have never dne. Every area f my life has imprved and benefited frm this change in me. Nt nly d I have my yuthful energy, lks and health back, but als I have mre cnfidence than I have ever had.
1．Hw did Michelle feel abut lsing weight befre 2008?
A．Cnfident.B．Hpeless.C．Addicted.D．Annyed.
2．Hw many weeks had passed befre Michelle’s weight began drpping?
A．15 weeks.B．20 weeks.C．25 weeks.D．30 weeks.
3．What is NOT my practice nw?
A．Ding exercise regularly.B．Eating healthier.
C．Refusing bad fd and habits.D．Gaining extra weight.
4．What can we learn frm Michelle’s stry?
A．Time is everything.
B．Interest is the best teacher.
C．Start with small things.
D．Nthing is mre imprtant than cnfidence.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与肥胖抗争的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I als knew I wasn’t able t be the best I culd be, and with failure after failure in lsing weight, I just felt s hpeless t make it.(我也知道我不可能成为最好的自己，在一次又一次的减肥失败之后，我只是觉得没有希望做到这一点)”和第二段中“One day in 2008, I was lking thrugh ads nline and saw a treadmill (跑步机) fr $100.(2008年的一天，我在网上浏览广告，看到一个100美元的跑步机)”可知，在2008年前，作者认为减肥是没有希望的。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The first week I started walking 15 minutes n the treadmill at a fixed time every day. The next week I did 16 minutes. Each week I added a minute. Gradually, I increased speed as well as time. Once I gt t 30 minutes, the weight started drpping ff.(第一周，我开始每天在固定的时间在跑步机上步行15分钟。第二周我跑了16分钟。每周我都会增加一分钟。渐渐地，我增加了速度和时间。当我坚持了30分钟，体重开始下降)”可知，作者第一周跑15分钟，以后每周增加一分钟，在跑30分钟时，体重开始下降，由此可计算出，30-15=15，即作者花了15周体重才开始下降，故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“All the effrts I’d been putting int fitness made me want t start eating healthier, was refusing fd and habits that were bad fr me.(我在健身上付出的所有努力让我也想开始吃得更健康……拒绝对我不好的食物和习惯)”和最后一段中“Tday, the extra weight is gne. I still exercise every mrning. I lk and feel the best I have never dne. (今天，多余的体重消失了。我仍然每天早上锻炼。我看起来和感觉起来都最好，这是我以前从来没有过的)”可知，作者如今减肥成功，没有了多余的体重，看起来和感觉起来都最好。由此推知，他会继续保持，坚持锻炼，健康饮食，拒绝不好的习惯和饮食。D项“增加额外的体重”不是他现在的做法。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据第三段“I didn’t lse weight at first, but I didn’t give up like I did in the past. I realized I started feeling better. My legs were getting strnger. I didn’t feel painful like I used t when I gt up frm my desk. All the effrts I’d been putting int fitness made me want t start eating healthier, t. I began with small changes as well. After these years I started listening t my bdy. It was refusing fd and habits that were bad fr me.(一开始我没有减肥成功，但是我没有像过去那样放弃。我意识到我感觉好多了。我的腿越来越强壮了。我不像以前从桌子旁起来时那么痛苦了。我在健身方面付出的所有努力也让我想要开始吃得更健康。我也从小的改变开始。这么多年过去了，我开始倾听自己的身体。拒绝对我不好的食物和习惯)”可知，作者从最开始的减肥困难，到后来有了小的变化，然后坚持并取得了成效，说明做事要从小事做起，坚持做下去，就会取得成功。由此推知，从Michelle的故事中我们可以学到的是C项“从小事开始。”故选C。
Passage 2
（2022秋·江西宜春·高一江西省宜丰中学校考期中）Sprt is nt nly physically challenging, but can als be mentally challenging. Criticism (批评) frm caches, parents and ther teammates, as well as pressure t win can create t much anxiety r stress fr yung athletes. Stress can be physical, emtinal, r psychlgical and research has indicated that it can lead t burnut. Burnut has been described as drpping ut f r quitting an activity that was at ne time enjyable.
The early years f grwth are imprtant years fr learning abut neself and the sprt setting is ne where valuable experiences can take place. Yung athletes can, fr example, learn hw t cperate with thers, make friends, and gain ther scia1 skills that will be used thrughut their lives. Caches and parents shuld be aware, at all times, that their feedback t yungsters can greatly affect their children. Yungsters may take their parents and caches’ criticisms t heart and find faults in themselves.
Caches and parents shuld als pay attentin that yuth sprt participatin des nt becme wrk fr children. The utcme f the game shuld nt be mre imprtant than the prcess f learning the sprt and ther life lessns. In tday’s yuth sprt setting, yung athletes may be wrrying mre abut wh will win instead f enjying themselves and the sprt. Fllwing a game, many parents and caches fcus n the utcme and find faults with yungsters’ perfrmances. Psitive supprt shuld be prvided regardless f the utcme. Research indicates that psitive supprt encurages and has a greater effect n learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels f stress, which can lead t burnut.
5．What is the main idea f the first paragraph?
A．Stress shuld be made less.B．Sprt can be mentally challenging.
C．Mental stress shuld be reduced.D．Sprt shuld be made less cmpetitive.
6．Why is sprt imprtant fr yung peple accrding t the passage?
A．It enables them t criticize themselves.
B．It can help them learn mre abut sciety.
C．It can prvide them with valuable experiences.
D．It teaches them hw t set realistic gals fr themselves.
7．What shuld parents and caches d accrding t the passage?
A．Make sure children enjy sprt.B．Help children t win every game.
C．Train children t deal with stress.D．Understand the meaning f sprt.
8．What’s the authr’s purpse f writing the passage?
A．T teach yung athletes hw t avid burnut.
B．T persuade yung children nt t wrry abut criticism.
C．T stress the imprtance f encuraging children in sprt.
D．T discuss the skill f cmbing criticism with encuragement.
【答案】5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C
【分析】本文为一篇议论文。体育运动既是对人的体力的挑战，也是对人的心理的挑战。在体育运动中，父母和教练应对孩子多鼓励，少批评，让孩子用积极的心态去迎接挑战。
5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sprt is nt nly physically challenging, but can als be mentally challenging. Criticism (批评) frm caches, parents and ther teammates, as well as pressure t win can create t much anxiety r stress fr yung athletes. Stress can be physical, emtinal, r psychlgical and research has indicated that it can lead t burnut. Burnut has been described as drpping ut f r quitting an activity that was at ne time enjyable.(运动不仅是身体上的挑战，也可以是精神上的挑战。来自教练、父母和其他队友的批评，以及获胜的压力会给年轻运动员带来太多的焦虑或压力。压力可以是身体上的，情绪上的，或心理上的，研究表明，它可以导致倦怠。倦怠被描述为放弃或放弃一项曾经令人愉快的活动)”可知，第一段主要讲的是体育运动对精神的挑战。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The early years f grwth are imprtant years fr learning abut neself and the sprt setting is ne where valuable experiences can take place. (成长的早期是了解自己的重要时期，而运动环境是一个可以产生宝贵经验的阶段)”可知，年轻人喜欢运动是因为它可以为他们提供宝贵的经历。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据第三段中“In tday’s yuth sprt setting, yung athletes may be wrrying mre abut wh will win instead f enjying themselves and the sprt. Fllwing a game, many parents and caches fcus n the utcme and find faults with yungsters’ perfrmances.(在今天的青年运动环境中，年轻运动员可能更担心谁会赢，而不是享受自己和运动。在一场比赛之后，许多家长和教练关注的是结果，并对青少年的表现吹毛求疵)”可推断，家长和教练正确的做法是让孩子们享受体育活动。故选A。
8．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Psitive supprt shuld be prvided regardless f the utcme. Research indicates that psitive supprt encurages and has a greater effect n learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels f stress, which can lead t burnut.(无论结果如何，都应该提供积极的支持。研究表明，积极的支持比批评对学习有更大的鼓励和影响。同样，批评会造成很大的压力，从而导致倦怠)”可知，作者通过陈述压力对孩子参加运动的诸多负面影响，使父母和教练意识到只有多鼓励、少批评，才能让孩子喜欢体育运动。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是强调鼓励孩子的重要性。故选C。
目标 1
掌握重点单词和词块的用法。
目标 2
认识并运用重点句型。