2024云南中考英语二轮复习 题型三 七选五还原句子型阅读（课件）

这是一份2024云南中考英语二轮复习 题型三 七选五还原句子型阅读（课件），共50页。PPT课件主要包含了同畴词复现，近义词复现，转折关系　，并列递进关系，因果关系等内容，欢迎下载使用。
分析云南近6年中考真题可知，七选五还原句子型阅读理解主要呈现以下特点：1. 文体： 省卷：记叙文(2023)，说明文(6年5考)；昆明卷：说明文(6年5考)；2. 话题： 做法建议(省卷：6年5考；昆明卷：2023, 2022)、事物介绍(昆明卷：2022, 2023)、观点看法(昆明卷：2021)、文化类(昆明卷：2020)和哲理故事(省卷：2023)；3. 词数： 130－180之间，段落：4－9段；生词量：1－3个；
4. 设空句子： 给出7个备选项，以陈述句为主，另外还会少量涉及祈使句、一般疑问句等。挖空的句子词数为2－10词。因此考生做题时，一定要注意空前后的关键句和过渡词，不要因只关注设空选项，而忽略了所选选项内容是否与空前后句内容一致。
微技能1 搜寻关键词
微技能2 理清逻辑关系
微技能3 把握上下文语境
微技能1 搜寻关键词(省卷：6年15考；昆明卷：6年15考)
介绍段落主旨时，常会有核心词的复现，但不是词语的简单重复，而是核心词以同义词、近义词或不同词性的词出现。在做题时，注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同、相近或相反的词汇。
同词复现(省卷：6年12考；昆明卷：6年10考)
同词复现指某一词在设空处前后和备选项中重复出现。可根据这一重复出现的词，结合原文与备选项确定出正确答案。
例1 (2021云南省卷第三节节选) D exercise every day. There are many ways t d exercise in daily life. 62 Sme peple think that ding simple things like cleaning the huse is helpful. Other peple think that ding exercise such as running r playing ball games is gd.
A. Pick up a hbby.B. It is always with yu.C. Learn t relax yurself.D. It's bad fr yur health t sit fr a lng time.E. Nw let me tell yu sme ways t keep healthy.F. Peple have different ideas abut ways t exercise.G. Healthy fd plays an imprtant rle in a strng bdy.
剖析：根据后文“Sme peple think that ding simple things like cleaning the huse is helpful. Other peple think that ding exercise such as...”可知是在谈论不同人对锻炼方法的不同看法。并结合备选项“Peple have different ideas abut ways t exercise.”可知此处为“There are many ways t d exercise in daily life.”中ways的同词复现。故选F。
Paragraph 1(2021江西阅读理解B节选) __1__ The ABN AMRO bank started an Institute(机构) f Brilliant Failures t learn mre abut what wrks and what desn't in banking. Similarly, Eli Lilly and Cmpany had failure parties t study the drugs(药物) that dn't wrk.
（ ）A. One truly cannt exist withut the ther.B. We are brave enugh t face difficulties.C. In the early 1990s, Apple created a phne called the Apple Newtn.D. The business wrld already understands the value f negative results.E. The Apple Newtn has wn ppularity with peple all ver the wrld.F. Hwever, things are slwly changing, especially in business and science.G. The stry f the Apple Newtn can teach us an imprtant lessn abut failure.
派生词复现(昆明卷：6年3考)
派生词复现是指设空处前后句中某一词和备选项中某一词的关系为派生关系，即可通过构词法进行转换。如：prepare与preparatin；intrduce 与intrductin等。
例2 (2022昆明卷D篇节选) Sund is nt the nly difference. Wrds smetimes have different meanings, t. 62 Americans drive trucks, but in England peple drive lrries.A. English is widely used in China.B. It can als happen t ther languages like French.C. Fr example, the vcabulary fr cars and driving is very different.D. They say “Have yu a strybk？”
剖析： 根据本段最后一句“Americans drive trucks, but in England peple drive lrries.”可知备选项C中driving是句中的drive的派生词。故选C。
Paragraph 2(2021山西阅读C篇节选) “The prblem with yur generatin is that yu always expect t be happy，” my mther nce said. 2 Shuldn't we try hard t achieve it?
（ ）A. Neither culd my parents.B. We shuld keep the stress ff urselves.C. Surely, happiness was the purpse f living.D. That may make us less satisfied with ur lives.E. Recently, teenagers face many kinds f prblems.F. Happiness arrives when we are least expecting it.G. S it's necessary fr us t accept sad feelings as part f life.
同畴词复现指设空处前后句某一词和备选项中某一词为同一范围的词：如watch与clck；sweater，jacket与cat等。注意阅读设空前后句，锁定关键词，可以根据设空前后的某一词与备选项中某一词是否属于同一范围来确定正确选项。
例3 (2020云南省卷第三节节选) 64 S turn ff the air cnditiner(空调) when yu dn't need t use it. Use lights that save energy. Use fewer things that cannt be used again. When yu buy smething, cnsider thse made frm things that can be used again first.A. This can cut the use f water.B. Air pllutin is very serius.C. This will make a lt f CO2 int the air.
D. S try t walk, ride a bike r take a bus.E. Nbdy can play a rle in prtecting the earth.F. There are many things yu can d t save the earth.G. The biggest energy use at hme is fr keeping warm r cl.
剖析：根据后文中的内容可知，备选项G中的“keeping warm r cl”与文中的“air cnditiner”是同畴词，都和调节温度相关。故选G。
Paragraph 3(2021江西阅读理解B节选) In fact, ne f the business wrld's mst famus failures became ne f its biggest successes, in part because the prduct's makers learned frm their mistakes. 3 The prduct, thugh unique(独特的) at the time, was expensive and heavy; besides, sme f its mst imprtant features(特点) didn't wrk prperly.
（ ）A. One truly cannt exist withut the ther.B. We are brave enugh t face difficulties.C. In the early 1990s, Apple created a phne called the Apple Newtn.D. The business wrld already understands the value f negative results.E. The Apple Newtn has wn ppularity with peple all ver the wrld.
近义词复现是指设空处前后句中某一词与选项中某一词为近义词关系，如glad与happy；start与begin等。
例4 (2022云南省卷第三节节选) Remember: Yur nice wrds must cme frm yur heart. Dn't say anything if yu dn't have anything gd t say. 65 if yu can't find anything gd abut peple, r yu will d mre harm than gd.A. Speak ut.B. Keep silent.C. Yu're a great father.D. Thank yu very much.
剖析： 根据本段第二句“Dn't say anything if yu dn't have anything gd t say.”可知备选项B中的“silent”和句中的 Dn't say anything为近义关系。故选B。
Paragraph 4(2021潍坊阅读信息匹配题节选改编)__4__Lk t see if the stry yu are reading is n ther news sites that yu knw and trust. If yu d find it n many ther sites, then it prbably isn't fake (althugh there are sme exceptins)．
（ ）A. Check if the stry is in ther places. B. Unluckily, nt all f these stries are true. C. Fake news stries ften spread much faster. D. Als, think abut hw the stry makes yu feel. E. Lk at the website where the stry cmes frm. F. There are ther methds that fake news uses.
微技能2 理清逻辑关系(省卷：6年11考；昆明卷：6年8考)
解答此类试题，通常还要考虑以下四类逻辑关系：并列/递进关系(and，als，besides，then，first，secnd，nt als..., in additin t)、因果关系(because，because f，fr，since，as，s，thanks t，as a result，therefre，fr this reasn)、转折让步关系(but，hwever，yet，thugh，althugh，even if)和解释例证关系(in ther wrds，that is (t say)，it means...，in fact，such as，fr example)。
例5 (2020昆明卷阅读D篇节选) Every Chinese kid struggles with them fr sme time. 62 They cme with their wn special rules and traditins.A. Hw Chinese kids learn t use chpsticks.B. Peple shuld nt make nise with chpsticks.C. Learn the rules and traditins behind chpsticks.D. Ding it at the dinner table is believed t bring bad luck.E. But chpsticks are nt just simple tls t pick up fd.
剖析： 根据前句“Every Chinese kid struggles with them fr sme time.”可知中国的孩子都要和筷子斗争一番，再结合空后的“They cme with their wn special rules and traditins.”可知筷子有它们自己的规则和传统，所以它们不仅仅是简单的吃饭工具。故选E。
Paragraph 5(2021陕西阅读第二节节选改编)D yu knw the reasn why we feel tired in the middle f a class? Maybe yu wuld say it is because the teacher's class is bring. __5__ Perhaps this is smething yu have nt paid enugh attentin t r nt yet nticed.
（ ）A. Sleepy animals.B. Why d we need sleep?C. Sme peple talk in their dreams.D. Hwever, the real reasn is prbably that we dn't have enugh sleep.E. The lder yu get, the less sleep yu will need.F. Sme peple never dream while they sleep.G. Clever animals.
例6 (2021昆明卷阅读D篇节选) First, ding chres helps children learn t be independent. Parents can't stay by their children's side all the time... 63 When children finish a chre, they will nt nly take pride in a jb well dne but als have cnfidence in their ability t d things well.Third, ding chres makes it pssible fr...
A. Shuld children d chres?B. Chres are gd fr children.C. What chres shuld children d?D. That helps them build team spirit.E. Children cannt d chres withut their parents' help.F. Secnd, ding chres helps children build self­cnfidence.
剖析： 根据文章第一句以及第三段第一句可知此处应介绍孩子做家务的第二个好处。故选F。
Paragraph 6(2021河南D篇节选改编) Cnnect yur main branches(分支) t the central picture and cnnect yur secnd­and­third­level branches t the first and secnd levels, etc. Why? Because yur brain wrks by cnnectin. 6 If yu cnnect the branches, yu will understand and remember a lt mre easily.
（ ）A. Start in the center f a page. B. Use pictures as many as pssible. C. A central picture is mre interesting. D. I dn't have t read my ntes ver and ver again. E. It likes t cnnect tw, r three, r fur things tgether. F. It is nt wise t use mre pictures. G. Yu need t cnnect yur mind map with pictures.
举例/推理关系(省卷：6年5考；昆明卷：6年4考)
例 7 (2023云南省卷第三节节选)Yu dn't let peple get ut f buses r elevatrs befre yu get dn't cver yur muth while listen t music withut headphnes. Yu think yur music taste is great？ are rude t sense is nt s cmmn. __65__
A. Yu listen t music withut headphnes.B. Sme little things can hurt yur image.C. Sme serius things may hurt yur image.D. And they can fly as fast as 50 miles per hur.E. Dn't mind yur behavir and d as yu like.F. Just stand aside, let peple ut, and then get in.G. Please watch yur behavir and be plite in public.
剖析：根据上文中“Yu dn't let peple get ut f buses r elevatrs befre yu get in...，Yu dn't cver yur muth while cughing...，Yu listen t music withut headphnes...，Yu are rude t waiters...”可知空处应该是对行为和形象管理的总结。故选G。
Paragraph 7(2021成都补全短文节选改编) Each number in a barcde(条形码) is shwn by seven blcks f the same size. 7 Fr example, the number “ne” is shwn in turn by tw white stripes(条)，tw black stripes, tw white stripes, and ne black stripe.
（ ）A. Then cmputers can read it directly. B. All infrmatin can be shwn by barcdes. C. The next part tells yu wh prduced the prduct. D. And “nine” lks similar t “six” if yu turn it upside dwn. E. The inventin f barcdes is based n a very simple idea. F. Even if yu turn it upside dwn, it isn't similar t any ther number. G. These are clred either black r white t shw the numbers frm zer t nine.
例8 (2020云南省卷第三节节选) Cars burn il. This will make a lt f CO2 int the air. Sme peple believe that t much CO2 is making the earth warmer than ever. 63 This can save sme il and prduce less CO2.
A. This can cut the use f water.B. Air pllutin is very serius.C. This will make a lt f CO2 int the air.D. S try t walk, ride a bike r take a bus.
剖析：根据空前“Sme peple believe that t much CO2 is making the earth warmer than ever.”可知讲述的是二氧化碳会使地球变得比以前更暖和，而空后的内容讲述的是采取措施后的结果，因此空处应是解决二氧化碳排放量过多的办法。故选D。
Paragraph 8(2021河南阅读D篇节选改编) 8 Why? Because each picture, just like the central picture, is als wrth a thusand wrds. S, if yu have 10 pictures in yur mind map, they are already wrth 10，000 wrds f ntes.
（ ）A. Start in the center f a page.B. Use pictures as many as pssible.C. A central picture is mre interesting.D. I dn't have t read my ntes ver and ver again.E. It likes t cnnect tw, r three, r fur things tgether.F. It is nt wise t use mre pictures.G. Yu need t cnnect yur mind map with pictures.
微技能3 把握上下文语境(省卷：6年4考；昆明卷：6年7考)
若文中没有明显的词汇复现、逻辑关系等的关键词或句式的提示，考生可通过理解挖空处的上下文语境来作答。
承上启下(省卷：6年4考；昆明卷：6年7考)　
结合前后文关系推断一般需要考生理清文章的结构、内容和事件的发展过程，然后按照文章的结构或者事情发展顺序，并结合备选项推理出设空处的内容，以此来选出正确答案。
例9 (2021云南省卷第三节节选) and mre peple try t make sure that they are healthy. __61__D exercise every day. There are many ways t d exercise in daily healthy fd. It is gd fr yur health t eat healthy fd. Yu shuld eat mre vegetables and fruits but less junk fd every day.
A. Pick up a hbby.B. It is always with yu.C. Learn t relax yurself.D. It's bad fr yur health t sit fr a lng time.E. Nw let me tell yu sme ways t keep healthy.
剖析： 根据后两段首句“Ding exercise every day.”和“Eat healthy fd.”可知此处是介绍了几种保持健康的方法。故选E。
Paragraph 9(2021昆明阅读D篇节选) Lts f students are t busy ding their hmewrk t help ut with husewrk. S, many parents want t knw if they shuld give their children chres. Well, there's n need t wrry. __9__