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【暑假衔接】人教版新高二英语 暑假衔接讲义 第18讲 阅读理解之说明文（教师版+学生版）
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这是一份【暑假衔接】人教版新高二英语 暑假衔接讲义 第18讲 阅读理解之说明文（教师版+学生版），文件包含暑假衔接人教版新高二英语暑假衔接讲义第18讲阅读理解之说明文教师版docx、暑假衔接人教版新高二英语暑假衔接讲义第18讲阅读理解之说明文学生版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共36页， 欢迎下载使用。
1．了解说明文的解题方法与技巧。
2．进行说明文真题训练。
阅读理解说明文，是对事物或事理进行客观说明的一种文体，它以说明为主要表达方式，通过解说事物或阐明事例，达到教人以知识的目的。在结构上往往采用总分、递进等方式按一定的顺序（如时间、空间、从现象到本质）进行说明。最近五年，说明文的出现变化不大，一直很稳定，选材通常是各学科的前沿问题；高科技领域的科研成果；人们比较关心的社会问题；人文方面的经典。由于阅读理解题的设置采用渐进式，即由简到难的方式，因此说明文是高考试卷中阅读理解题中相对比较难的，通常后置。说明文是对事物或事理进行客观说明的一种文体，在新高考卷的阅读理解中每年都涉及到说明文的考查，是必考问题之一。从命题形式上来看，说明文阅读常考主旨大意题和猜义题。说明文一般层次分明，结构清晰，逻辑关系清晰。因此考生在备考时要多加关注，勤加练习。
说明文的选材都是各专业领域的前沿问题，尤以科技类说明文居多。说明文的词汇和句式的运用比其他体裁文章而言，难度更大。词汇运用灵活，同一个词的不同词性用法交替出现。未列入考纲的生词较多，专业术语也多，且对考生而言比较陌生。文章中的长难句比较多。这些都导致考生在阅读时难度很大。
解题技巧
高考阅读理解题的设问主要围绕以下四方面：细节事实题、主旨大意题、推理判断题、猜测词义题。其中，说明文主要以细节事实、主旨大意和猜测词义三方面问题为主。
一、事实细节题
属于细节类型的阅读理解题一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。这类题型的主要提问方式常为：
①Which f the fllwing is true/NOT true in the passage?
②Which f the fllwing statements is NOT discussed/mentined in the passage?
③Which is the right rder f the events given in the passage?
④All the fllwing statements are NOT true except .
细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。寻读法还特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。做此类型的题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。英语中有许多功能词，如：表因果关系的because, since, as等；表转折关系的but, hwever ,n the cntrary, n the ther hand等等。
二、词义猜测类题型
在高考阅读题中，考生遇到的最大障碍往往有两个：一是被已认识的单词的某一熟知含义所误导；二是被完全不认识的单词的意思所阻碍，从而出现理解偏差或理解困难，影响阅读的速度。其实解决这两个困难的一个重要法宝是考生在心目中树立起上下文观念，要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。在阅读解题时要注意从以下七个方面着手：
1）根据定义或解释、说明猜测生词的词义
在be，be called，call等判断词出现的判断句中，或定语从句及标点符号，可以根据已知部分，猜测生词的含义。例如： The herdsman, wh lks after sheep, earns abut 650 yuan a year.通过理解定语从句的意思，能猜出herdsman是“牧人”。
2）根据对比关系猜测生词的词义
在but，hwever，yet，therwise，thugh这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中，其前后的词有明显对比关系，根据已知的内容，通过这种对比关系，就很容易猜出生词的词义了。例如： Thugh Tm’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. 和clean意思相对的便是“肮脏的”了，因此可猜出句中grubby的意思是“肮脏的”。
3）通过因果关系猜测词义
because, since与as是连接原因状语从句的从属连词，s是连接表示结果的状语从句的连词，与中的that是连接结果状语从句的。当这些信息词出现在有生词的句子中，通过因果关系，依据已知部分就能猜出生词的词义。例如：She wanted the hairdresser t trim her hair a bit because it was t lng. 根据because从句所讲的意思，我们就可推测trim就是“修剪”之意。
根据生活常识猜测词义
运用逻辑推理能力，自身的生活经验及生活常识。再联系上下文能读懂的部分，可以正确猜出词义。例如：Mst f the rses are beginning t wither because f the cld. 根据句子意思及生活经验，wither表示“枯萎”。
5）根据同等关系猜测词义
同等关系，指的是一个词，一组词或短语在句中作同一成分，而且它们的词义都属于同一范畴。明显的标志是，这样的词组或短语中间常常用并列连词and或r来连接。例如： At frty-tw he was in his prime and always full f energy. 从“年龄42岁”以及与prime具有同等关系的full f energy可以猜出prime的意思是“盛年时期”。
6）根据构词法知识猜测词义
根据学过的构词法知识，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义。
三、主旨大意类题型
主旨大意类题型主要测试学生对文章全面理解和概括的能力，提问的内容可能是全文的大意，也可能是某段的段落大意，一般不易在文中直接找到答案。怎样把握主旨大意题呢？通常有以下几种方法：
（一）阅读文章的标题或副标题
文章的标题是一篇文章的题眼，通过阅读标题或副标题可以迅速把握文章的主旨大意。
（二）寻找文章的主题句
分析篇章结构，找出文章主题。在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过仔细阅读短文的第一句或第二句,即文章的主题句来归纳出文章的主题.若短文由若干段组成，除仔细阅读第一段的首句外，还须仔细阅读每一段的第一句，即段落中心.通常文章的中心思想包含在文章的首句，有时也在文章的末句，其他句子都是用来说明和阐述主题句。因此，在确定文章的中心思想时，要求学生重视阅读文章的首句和末句。但也有一些文章，中心思想常常贯穿在全文中，因此要求学生综观全文，对段落的内容要融会贯通，对文章透彻理解后归纳总结。主题句的特点是：1.相对于其他句子，它表达的意思比较概括；2.主题句一般结构简单；3.段落中其他句子必定是用来解释,支撑或发展主题句所表达的思想的。
（2023春·湖北十堰·高二房县第一中学校联考阶段练习）The idea that red means stp and green means g has impacted ur lives in mre ways than just traffic signals. We have been taught frm a yung age that the clr red means danger and green means it’s kay t mve frward. But why were thse particular clrs chsen fr traffic lights in the first place? Fr smething we have t lk at every day, why culdn’t they have been prettier clrs like magenta and purple?
Well, it’s imprtant t knw that befre traffic lights fr cars even became a thing, there were traffic signals fr trains. At first, railrad cmpanies used red t means tp, white t mean g, and green t mean cautin. As yu culd imagine, train cnductrs ran int a few prblems with white meaning g. Fr instance, ne train cnductr mistk a bright star fr a white light and thught he was all clear. Well, as yu can imagine, an accident ccurred. Because f cmmn incidents like that, railway cmpanies eventually prpsed green meaning g, and it’s been that way ever since.
As far as red ges, that’s always been a clr that indicated danger, lng befre cars were even arund. This mst likely started because it’s the clr with the lngest wavelength s it can be seen frm a greater distance than ther clrs.
As far as yellw ges, it was used t cautin drivers because it has a slightly shrter wavelength than red, but nt as shrt as green.
But, believe it r nt, yellw was nce used t means tp the flw f traffic, at least as far assigns g. Back in the 1900s, sme stp signs were yellw because it was t hard t see a red sign in a prly lit area. Eventually, materials were develped that were highly reflective and red stp signs were brn. Since yellw can be seen well at all times f the day, schl znes, sme traffic signs, and schl buses cntinue t be painted yellw.
1．What des the underlined wrd “clear” mean in the secnd Paragraph?
A．Withut dubt.B．Easy t understand.C．Cludless in the sky.D．Free frm dangers.
2．Which f the fllwing clrs has the lngest wave?
A．Purple.B．Yellw.C．White.D．Red.
3．Which f the fllwing events came last?
A．Traffic signals fr trains came int being.
B．Railway incidents happened frequently.
C．Yellw is widely used fr its special character.
D．Railway cmpanies chse green meaning g.
4．What’s the purpse f the authr’s writing this passage?
A．T entertain.B．T infrm.C．T persuade.D．T advertise.
（2023春·贵州遵义·高二遵义市南白中学校联考阶段练习）The ppulatin f a sea creature knwn as the sunflwer sea star, which was nce plentiful alng the Pacific castline frm Mexic’s Baja Califrnia peninsula t Alaska, has been reduced sharply these years. Apprximately 90% f them have disappeared since 2013 due t a mysterius sea star wasting syndrme (海星消瘦综合症).
One f the factrs likely t have led t the death f sea stars is rising cean temperatures caused by climate change, accrding t sme scientists. The cean absrbs mst f the excess atmspheric heat caused by greenhuse gas emissins, which has the effect f increasing the temperature f the water. Many sea creatures can nly tlerate very small changes t their envirnment.
Sunflwer sea stars feed n sea urchins. Sea urchins feed n seagrass. Withut the presence f sunflwer sea stars, their key predatr in the fd chain, sea urchin ppulatins have bmed. That has led t the death f many seagrasses — which in turn cntributes t the climate crisis, as seagrass is a valuable tl t stre carbn dixide.
Scientists at the University f Washingtn have been wrking n that. They have been raising a new generatin f sunflwer sea stars that can be used t reppulate castal waters. Jasn Hdin, a research scientist at the University f Washingtn’s Friday Harbr Labs, said that they’re hping the prgram can help recver the sunflwer sea star and, ultimately, recver the health f ecsystems like seagrass that is under threat right nw.
T test the sea stars’ ability t tlerate warming seas, scientists have these tiny creatures subjected t fluctuatins (波动) in water temperatures in the lab. Sme f the yung adult sea stars are being raised in water that is slightly warmer than nrmal, and are shwing signs f being able t adjust t the added warmth. “These are nt typical cean temperatures arund here, but the success indicates that they at least have the ability t endure the warmer water,” said Hdin.
5．Which culd be a pssible reasn fr the death f sunflwer sea stars?
A．Habitat lss.B．Climate change.
C．Fd shrtage.D．Ocean pllutin.
6．What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A．The living habits f sunflwer sea stars.
B．The imprtance f seagrass t the envirnment.
C．The key rle f sunflwer sea stars in the fd chain.
D．The cnsequences f the increasing sea urchin ppulatins.
7．Hw d scientists help increase the ppulatin f sunflwer sea stars?
A．By develping devices t cl sea water.
B．By imprving the envirnment f castal waters.
C．By grwing plentiful seagrass t absrb carbn dixide.
D．By experimenting n raising a new generatin f the creature.
8．What des Jasn Hdin think f the prgram?
A．It is meaningful.B．It is cmplicated.
C．It is bizarre.D．It is disappinting
（2023春·湖北襄阳·高二宜城市第一中学校联考期中）By drawing patterns n the surface f a cup f tea, chabaixi (茶百戏), an ancient Chinese tea trick displayed in a recent TV drama, has gne viral fr its apparent similarity with mdern cffee art. Hwever, ten years ag, this distinctive technique was clse t disappearing. Zhang Zhifeng, a practician f chabaixi, fund scenes f chabaixi in the drama arused great interest amng rdinary peple.
Chabaixi can create endless patterns such as bambs and muntains r even calligraphy. There are ver a dzen steps, frm grinding (碾碎) tea fr fine pwder, t puring biled water, stirring the mixture fr thick frth (泡沫), and finally drawing the patterns. It is different frm making cffee because peple use clear water as the bject t put int the cup instead f milk. But when the water tuches the surface f whipped (搅打起泡的) tea, it turns int a white clr and disappears in 20 minutes. The prcess befre the drawing is knwn as the tea—making technique, diancha. The quality f diancha is crucial t whether patterns can be successfully prduced later.
“Chabaixi is ne f the cuntless frms f tea-making techniques in China. The imprtance f chabaixi is nt nly that this technique is unique in the wrld, but als it gives us a windw int peple’s lifestyle in the Sng Dynasty, a perid f time when leisure activities in sme ways are similar t what we have nw,” Zhang said.
Befre chabaixi was discvered by TV audiences, the technique was listed as part f China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2017, after it was recvered by Zhang Zhifeng. He started researching the rigins f chabaixi in the 1980s and brught the technique back in 2009 after decades f trials and practice.
“T let this technique fade wuld be a shame. It must be passed n t the next generatins s they can understand its histry,” Zhang said.
9．What d the underlined wrds “gne viral” in paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A．Maintained highly cmpetitive.B．Received gd prtectin.
C．Started declining gradually.D．Became ppular quickly.
10．What d we knw abut chabaixi?
A．It develps based n cffee art.B．It invlves cmplicated tea-making skills.
C．It mainly describes beautiful scenery.D．It is painted with whipped milk.
11．What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．The rigin f chabaixi.B．The uniqueness f chabaixi.
C．The significance f chabaixi.D．The develpment f chabaixi.
12．What can be the best title fr this passage?
A．Zhang Zhifeng—A Practician f Chabaixi
B．Ancient Tea Technique Finds New Ppular Recgnitin
C．A China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage
D．Chabaixi—A Famus Tea-making Technique
（2023春·贵州遵义·高二遵义市南白中学校联考阶段练习）There’s a new AI bt: ChatGPT, and yu’d better pay attentin, even if yu aren’t int artificial intelligence. The tl is an AI chatbt system that OpenAI released in Nvember 2022 t shw ff and test what a very large, pwerful AI system can achieve.
ChatGPT remembers the thread f yur dialgue, using previus questins and answers t infrm its next respnses. It derives its answers frm huge vlumes f infrmatin n the Internet. ChatGPT is built n tp f the OpenAI GPT-3 family f large language mdels and is fine-tuned (a methd f transfer learning) using bth supervised and reinfrcement learning (监督和强化学习).
Yu can ask ChatGPT anything, like explaining physics, asking fr birthday party ideas and getting prgramming (编程) help. Perhaps it’s nt smart enugh t replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sund dwnright authritative. A few days after its launch, mre than 1 millin peple were trying ut ChatGPT. UBS analyst Llyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 millin mnthly users in January, accmplishing in 2 mnths what tk TikTk abut 9 mnths and Instagram tw and a half years.
ChatGPT is free t use at the mment because it is still in its research phase. But when t many peple hp nt the server (服务器), it verlads and can’t prcess yur request. It just means yu shuld try visiting the site at a later time when fewer peple are trying t access it. If yu want t skip the wait and have reliable access, there is an ptin fr yu. As f Feb.1, 2023, OpenAI has a ChatGPT pr plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allws users t have general access even during peak times. This service des cme at a cst f $20 / mnth.’
Hwever, ChatGPT can nt replace Ggle. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence bt that prvides slutins t yur questins, but Ggle is a search engine in which yu can search fr as much infrmatin as pssible. ChatGPT has limited knwledge due t its prgramming but Ggle has unlimited knwledge which is updated every day.
13．What des paragraph 2 mainly tell us abut ChatGPT?
A．Its language mdel.B．Its wrking thery.
C．Its design inspiratin.D．Its develpment prcess.
14．Why des the authr list figures in paragraph 3?
A．T shw the ppularity f ChatGPT.
B．T stress the high cst f inventing ChatGPT.
C．T present the creativity f artificial intelligence.
D．T prve the necessity f develping tls fr chatting nline.
15．What is ChatGPT Plus intended fr?
A．Guiding users t experience free services.
B．Allwing net surfers t skip advertisements.
C．Helping researchers detect the failure f the system.
D．Offering cnsumers pririty access during peak hurs.
16．What is a limitatin f ChatGPT cmpared with Ggle?
A．It perates based n limited data.
B．It takes mre time t search fr slutins.
C．It can nly update infrmatin at a fixed time.
D．It may prvide replies unrelated t the questins.
（2023春·山东烟台·高二统考期中）Scientists have used lasers (激光) t generate electricity in the lab befre. Recently Swiss researchers have fund in a muntaintp experiment that a pwerful laser can grab hld f a lightning flash and rerute its path thrugh the sky, which is the first demnstratin that the technique wrks in real-wrld strms and culd smeday lead t better prtectin, against lightning.
Tday’s mst cmmn anti-lightning tech is the classic lightning rd, a meters-lng metal ple rted t the grund. It attracts lightning and safely guides the electricity int the grund. But the area prtected by a lightning rd is limited by the rd’s height. “If yu want t prtect large buildings like airprts, yu wuld need a lightning rd f kilmeter size,” says Aurélien Huard, a French physicist. Such at all metal ple wuld be impractical But a laser culd reach that far, stpping distant lightning flashes and taking them dwn t grund-based metal rds.
Huard and his clleagues tested this idea a tp Säntis muntain in Switzerland. They setup a high-pwer laser near a telecmmunicatin twer tipped with a lightning rd that is struck by lightning arund 100 times every year. The twer was hit by lightning fur times while the laser was n. One f thse strikes happened in a fairly clear sky, allwing tw high-speed cameras t sht the mment. Thse images shwed lightning rushing dwn frm the cluds and fllwing the laser light fr sme 50 meters tward the twer’s lightning rd.
T fllw the paths f the three flashes they culdn’t see, the researchers lked at radi waves given ff by the lightning. Thse radi waves shwed the three strikes fllwed the path f the laser much mre clsely than ther strikes that happened when the laser was ff. This suggested that the laser guided these three strikes t the lightning rd as well.
It’s a real achievement but the laser is t expensive. It’ll prbably take a decade r mre befre it’s truly able t prtect large buildings.
17．What new functin f lasers was discvered in the utdr experiment?
A．T prevent strms.B．T prduce electricity.
C．T set ff lightning flashes.D．T redirect lightning strikes.
18．What aspect f a lightning rd des paragraph 2 fcus n?
A．Its categry.B．Its structure.C．Its weakness.D．Its inventr.
19．Hw did the researchers track the invisible lightning flash?
A．Thrugh cameras.B．Thrugh its radi waves.
C．Thrugh a twer.D．Thrugh a lightning rd.
20．Where can we mst prbably read this text?
A．In a persnal diary.B．In a ppular magazine.
C．In a physics textbk.D．In a class presentatin.
（2023春·宁夏吴忠·高二吴忠中学校考期中）Twelve years ag, a yung traveler named Rhett Butler frm San Francisc, Califrnia, visited the Sabah rainfrest n Malaysian Brne. In ne area f the rainfrest, he watched a bird flying thrugh the trees. The beautiful sight left quite an impressin n him. But weeks later, back hme, Rhett Butler gt the news that trees had been cut dwn fr their wd in the area he visited.
That experience led Rhett Butler t begin writing a bk abut rainfrests and threats (威胁) t their existence. But he did nt publish the bk. Instead, in 1999, he used his research fr the bk t create a website. The site is Mngabay.cm. His purpse was t infrm the public abut trpical rainfrests. But the subject quickly develped. As a frmer businessman, he became a respected writer f science and envirnmental stries.
The ppularity f Mngabay.cm attracted advertisers. Small ads n the site pay fr its peratins. Mngabay.cm has grwn and led t ther sites. Fr example, there is a site fr children which is called kids mngabay.cm. Anther ne, WildMadagascar.rg, is all abut the island natin that Rhett Butler calls his favrite place.
T keep his website ging, he travels arund the wrld n several majr trips each year. His wrking tls are a laptp cmputer, cameras and smetimes diving equipment. He ften calls n experts fr infrmatin. Fr example, he interviewed Alisn Jlly, a tp expert n lemurs (狐猴). He interviewed Rdney Jacksn, a bilgist wh established the Snw Lepard Cnservancy.
Stries like these have made Mngabay.cm a favrite place n the Internet fr researchers, students and teachers. In April, Time. Cm. named it ne f the fifteen tp climate and envirnment websites in the wrld.
21．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．Rhett Butler and His Website
B．Rainfrest n Malaysian Brne
C．Hw Rhett Butler Prtected Rare Animals
D．Hw Rhett Butler Made His Website Ppular
22．Rhett Butler didn’t publish his bk abut rainfrests because________.
A．making websites earns mre mney than writing bks
B．he was nt prepared t publish his bk
C．the bk was nt abut rainfrest prtectin
D．he wanted t use the infrmatin t create a website
23．Which f the fllwing is NOT true abut the Mngabay.cm?
A．It was set up in 1999.B．It attracted many advertisers.
C．Tw related websites grew frm it.D．Rhett Butler made a lt f mney frm it.
24．T keep his website ging, Rhett Butler________.
A．kept visiting the rainfrestB．traveled arund and interviewed experts
C．raised rare snw lepardsD．made a great number f advertisements
（2023春·宁夏吴忠·高二吴忠中学校考期中）Nwadays, children spend less time in the fresh air. Many f them are addicted t a screen either n a cmputer r a TV— they seem t be living in a virtual wrld. They have lst tuch with nature.
But nw 400 rganizatins in the UK, frm playgrups t the Natinal Health Service, are encuraging children t have sme “wild time”. They want kids t swap at least 30 minutes f watching TV r playing cmputer games fr time playing utside. Activities such as building dens, climbing trees, rummaging fr cnkers and playing hide and seek are just sme f the things kid can d. Even if they live in a city, they can g n adventures in the garden r the park.
Children ften need a helping hand frm mum and dad. They need t be shwn what t d and where t g. Andy Simpsn frm Natinal Health Service says, “We want parents t see what this magical wnder prduct des fr their kids’ develpment, independence and creativity, by giving wild time a g.”
S despite the cmplicated wrld that yung peple grw up in nw, it seems that ging back t basics and experiencing “nature’s playgrund” is what mdern children need. David Bnd frm Prject Wild Thing says, “We need t make mre space fr wild time in children’s daily rutine, freeing this generatin f kids t have the srt f experiences that many f us tk fr granted.”
This might sund a bit ld fashined t yu r maybe, like me, it’s made yu think abut sticking n yur bts, getting utdrs and reliving yur childhd. There’s n age limit n enjying yurself!
25．Children are encuraged t d the fllwing activities except________.
A．building densB．climbing trees
C．playing hide and seekD．watching TV
26．What’s the main idea f Paragraph 4?
A．Adults value utdr activities.B．Mdern children need wild time.
C．The present wrld is cmplicated.D．This generatin f kids has n freedm
27．The last paragraph suggests that________.
A．Peple at any age can enjy wild time
B．It is ut f date t g utdrs
C．It is t late fr adults t enjy nature
D．Peple like recalling the past
28．What is the best title f the text?
A．Mre space fr childrenB．Benefits f wild time
C．Wild time fr childrenD．Adventures f children
（2023春·湖南郴州·高二嘉禾县第一中学校考阶段练习）There’s always been debate abut the best time f day t wrk ut. Fr the lngest time I’ve heard that exercising in the mrning is ideal, but thers say a nighttime wrkut benefits them mre. I was ne f thse evening exercisers when I was wrking in an ffice regularly but have since shifted t late mrning wrkuts. Is ne time really better than anther, and why?
Regardless f when yu wrk ut, there are many health benefits frm mving regularly, like imprving yur heart health, getting strnger r even imprving yur endurance. Mst peple decide t exercise when it best fits their schedule, s ftentimes they can’t help the time f the day they chse t be active.
Research has shwn, hwever, that the time f day yu chse t exercise can affect yur wrkut in varius ways. The best time t wrk ut is whenever yu can. We dn’t all have schedules that allw fr a 90-minute wrkut. If yur nly time f day t exercise is befre wrk, then mrning is best. If yu reserve physical activity fr packed evenings, there’s a gd chance yu wn’t ever get t it. Likewise, if yu can nly squash 20 minutes f exercise int yur day right befre yu get ready fr bed, that’s the best time t wrk ut. I want t add a nte n cnsistency, thugh. The best time t exercise is whenever yu can, but the best time f day t exercise is the time yu can stick with fr days, weeks and mnths.
The fact f the matter is that peple wh exercise invariably see better weight lss and fitness results in the lng-term. Research als suggests that yur bdy can adapt t regular training schedules, s if yu wrk ut every mrning, yu will prbably get a lt better at wrking ut in the mrning, and the same in regard t night wrkuts. That all said, mrning wrkuts and night wrkuts bth have their advantages and disadvantages as evidenced by decades f scientific research.
29．Why des the authr talk abut the debate?
A．T give backgrund knwledge.B．T intrduce the tpic f the text.
C．T shw the authr’s attitude.D．T shw peple’s puzzlement when exercise.
30．When is the best time t take exercise accrding t the text?
A．In the mrning.B．In the evening.C．After wrk.D．The time yu can stick t.
31．What is the mst imprtant as t exercise accrding t the text?
A．Chsing the prper place.B．Chsing favrite sprt.
C．Wrking ut regularly.D．Exercising 20 minutes a day.
32．What is the best title fr the text?
A．The varius ways t exerciseB．The cmmn frms f exercising
C．The best time f a day fr exercisingD．The gd reasns fr exercising
（2023春·湖北宜昌·高二葛洲坝中学校考阶段练习）Nwadays sme cmpanies are attempting t grw seafd frm cells in a labratry rather than harvesting it frm the ceans.
With massive prblems with verfishing wrldwide and grwing demand fr shrinking supplies f seafd, the way fish currently makes its way t ur plates isn’t a lng-term viable ptin. Between 1961 and 2016, the average annual increase in glbal fd fish cnsumptin utpaced ppulatin grwth. Thse are figures nt sustainable fr us, the fish r the envirnment as a whle.
Cellular seafd culd be the answer. Just dn’t make the mistake f calling it lab-grwn fish. ‘‘Nne f us in the industry wuld call it lab-grwn seafd,” says Mike Selden, CEO f Finless Fds. ‘‘Finless Fds isn’t lab-grwn. We experiment and create ur science in the lab, but dn’t prduce there. Our prducts cme frm a prductin base much like a farm as a prductin base fr animals.’’
Finless Fds is a tech cmpany in San Francisc. Beginning in 2017, it’s been wrking t bring t market a species f cultured bluefin tuna (蓝鳍金枪鱼) created using cellular technlgy. Shrtly after that, the cmpany prduced its first pund f bluefin tuna meat fr a cst f abut $19,000. Since then, hwever, it’s been the first battle t bring that price dwn.
Selden terms what Finless Fds is ding as ‘‘cell-based seafd’’. ‘‘We’re grwing seafd frm real seafd cells,’’ Selden explained. ‘‘We take cells frm a fish nce, and then grw them endlessly frm that. We d the same prcess that happens inside f a fish and make it happen utside f a fish.”
The gal f cellular seafd isn’t t entirely destry the current seafd industry. Instead, it’s intended t augment it—and perhaps t help reduce sme f the mre harmful aspects f current fishing practices like verfishing and illegal fishing. And when it cmes t certain sea species, this labratry-based apprach culd help create a plentiful supply f certain fish withut endangering the survival f certain verfished species as a whle.
33．What is the main functin f the secnd paragraph?
A．Warning us f the shrinking seafd supplies.
B．Stressing the significance f cellular seafd.
C．Analyzing the reasns fr glbal verfishing.
D．Shwing the envirnmental effect f seafd.
34．What is the tp pririty f prducing cellular seafd ?
A．Cutting dwn the high cst f prductin.
B．Enriching the nutrient cntent.
C．Reducing harmful health effect.
D．Simplifying the prductin prcess.
35．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Cellular seafd isn’t lab-grwn fd because it is prcessed in a prductin base whlly.
B．Finless Fds des the same prcess inside a fish as a fish des.
C．Finless Fds can create a new range f fish.
D．Cellular seafd can strengthen the current seafd industry.
36．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Seafd in Cells.B．Cheaper Seafd.
C．Insufficient Seafd Supplies.D．Current Seafd Industry.
（2023春·河北沧州·高二统考期中）One f the mst exciting parts f Hallween is getting pumpkins (南瓜) t decrate the inside and utside f yur hme. Yu might even enjy carving ut Jack O Lanterns and might even keep the pumpkins arund until they are right at the end f lking gd. S what d yu d nce it’s time t deal with them?
A lt f peple think that it’s a gd idea t thrw them int the wds in rder t feed them t wildlife. Yu wuld think that it’s better t d that rather than thrw them in the trash. Hwever, this is why wildlife experts are warming against ding that.
While the idea is reasnable, it is actually causing a lt f harm t the lcal creatures. A myth seems t have built up that leaving pumpkins in wds helps wildlife.
One f the biggest issues is that these pumpkins are frequently eaten by hedgehgs (刺猬) that are lking t gain as much weight as pssible in this time f the year befre winter kicks in. Hwever, the pumpkin is actually bad fr their little stmachs, causing them t experience dehydratin and diarrhea, eventually causing them t lse weight, and in sme cases their lives.
Of curse, while Jack O Lanterns are lvely t lk at, a lt f peple thrw them ut withut cleaning ut any f the candles, plastic, r anything else that has been added as decratins. This can cause damage and can even be deadly t wildlife that end up eating these thrwn-away pumpkins. The rtting pumpkins culd attract wildlife that is nt meant t be in that specific area, like rats.
If yu’re wndering what yu shuld be ding with these ld pumpkins instead, experts have sme suggestins. Yu culd try t cmpst (堆肥) them n yur wn at hme. Anther alternative is t ask a lcal farm if they want t accept them as dnatins. Just make sure that the way yu deal with these pumpkins desn’t end up causing harm.
37．What is a pssible result f hedgehgs eating pumpkins?
A．They put n weight.B．Their health imprves.
C．They get in danger.D．Their diets change.
38．What’s the prblem with used pumpkins?
A．They are unfit t eat.B．They can’t break dwn easily.
C．They are nt available in abundance.D．They attract t much.
39．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．Pumpkin harm yu shuld avid.
B．Benefits cming frm the ld pumpkins.
C．Places where used pumpkins are needed.
D．Suggestins n dealing with used pumpkins.
40．Which f the fllwing can be the best tile fr the text?
A．Thrwn-Away Pumpkins Attract Rats
B．Never Thrw Old Pumpkins int Wds
C．Pumpkins Bring Great Fun t Hlidays
D．Avid Pumpkin Decratins fr Hlidays
1．了解说明文的解题方法与技巧。
2．进行说明文真题训练。
阅读理解说明文，是对事物或事理进行客观说明的一种文体，它以说明为主要表达方式，通过解说事物或阐明事例，达到教人以知识的目的。在结构上往往采用总分、递进等方式按一定的顺序（如时间、空间、从现象到本质）进行说明。最近五年，说明文的出现变化不大，一直很稳定，选材通常是各学科的前沿问题；高科技领域的科研成果；人们比较关心的社会问题；人文方面的经典。由于阅读理解题的设置采用渐进式，即由简到难的方式，因此说明文是高考试卷中阅读理解题中相对比较难的，通常后置。说明文是对事物或事理进行客观说明的一种文体，在新高考卷的阅读理解中每年都涉及到说明文的考查，是必考问题之一。从命题形式上来看，说明文阅读常考主旨大意题和猜义题。说明文一般层次分明，结构清晰，逻辑关系清晰。因此考生在备考时要多加关注，勤加练习。
说明文的选材都是各专业领域的前沿问题，尤以科技类说明文居多。说明文的词汇和句式的运用比其他体裁文章而言，难度更大。词汇运用灵活，同一个词的不同词性用法交替出现。未列入考纲的生词较多，专业术语也多，且对考生而言比较陌生。文章中的长难句比较多。这些都导致考生在阅读时难度很大。
解题技巧
高考阅读理解题的设问主要围绕以下四方面：细节事实题、主旨大意题、推理判断题、猜测词义题。其中，说明文主要以细节事实、主旨大意和猜测词义三方面问题为主。
一、事实细节题
属于细节类型的阅读理解题一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。这类题型的主要提问方式常为：
①Which f the fllwing is true/NOT true in the passage?
②Which f the fllwing statements is NOT discussed/mentined in the passage?
③Which is the right rder f the events given in the passage?
④All the fllwing statements are NOT true except .
细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。寻读法还特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。做此类型的题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。英语中有许多功能词，如：表因果关系的because, since, as等；表转折关系的but, hwever ,n the cntrary, n the ther hand等等。
二、词义猜测类题型
在高考阅读题中，考生遇到的最大障碍往往有两个：一是被已认识的单词的某一熟知含义所误导；二是被完全不认识的单词的意思所阻碍，从而出现理解偏差或理解困难，影响阅读的速度。其实解决这两个困难的一个重要法宝是考生在心目中树立起上下文观念，要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。在阅读解题时要注意从以下七个方面着手：
1）根据定义或解释、说明猜测生词的词义
在be，be called，call等判断词出现的判断句中，或定语从句及标点符号，可以根据已知部分，猜测生词的含义。例如： The herdsman, wh lks after sheep, earns abut 650 yuan a year.通过理解定语从句的意思，能猜出herdsman是“牧人”。
2）根据对比关系猜测生词的词义
在but，hwever，yet，therwise，thugh这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中，其前后的词有明显对比关系，根据已知的内容，通过这种对比关系，就很容易猜出生词的词义了。例如： Thugh Tm’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. 和clean意思相对的便是“肮脏的”了，因此可猜出句中grubby的意思是“肮脏的”。
3）通过因果关系猜测词义
because, since与as是连接原因状语从句的从属连词，s是连接表示结果的状语从句的连词，与中的that是连接结果状语从句的。当这些信息词出现在有生词的句子中，通过因果关系，依据已知部分就能猜出生词的词义。例如：She wanted the hairdresser t trim her hair a bit because it was t lng. 根据because从句所讲的意思，我们就可推测trim就是“修剪”之意。
根据生活常识猜测词义
运用逻辑推理能力，自身的生活经验及生活常识。再联系上下文能读懂的部分，可以正确猜出词义。例如：Mst f the rses are beginning t wither because f the cld. 根据句子意思及生活经验，wither表示“枯萎”。
5）根据同等关系猜测词义
同等关系，指的是一个词，一组词或短语在句中作同一成分，而且它们的词义都属于同一范畴。明显的标志是，这样的词组或短语中间常常用并列连词and或r来连接。例如： At frty-tw he was in his prime and always full f energy. 从“年龄42岁”以及与prime具有同等关系的full f energy可以猜出prime的意思是“盛年时期”。
6）根据构词法知识猜测词义
根据学过的构词法知识，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义。
三、主旨大意类题型
主旨大意类题型主要测试学生对文章全面理解和概括的能力，提问的内容可能是全文的大意，也可能是某段的段落大意，一般不易在文中直接找到答案。怎样把握主旨大意题呢？通常有以下几种方法：
（一）阅读文章的标题或副标题
文章的标题是一篇文章的题眼，通过阅读标题或副标题可以迅速把握文章的主旨大意。
（二）寻找文章的主题句
分析篇章结构，找出文章主题。在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过仔细阅读短文的第一句或第二句,即文章的主题句来归纳出文章的主题.若短文由若干段组成，除仔细阅读第一段的首句外，还须仔细阅读每一段的第一句，即段落中心.通常文章的中心思想包含在文章的首句，有时也在文章的末句，其他句子都是用来说明和阐述主题句。因此，在确定文章的中心思想时，要求学生重视阅读文章的首句和末句。但也有一些文章，中心思想常常贯穿在全文中，因此要求学生综观全文，对段落的内容要融会贯通，对文章透彻理解后归纳总结。主题句的特点是：1.相对于其他句子，它表达的意思比较概括；2.主题句一般结构简单；3.段落中其他句子必定是用来解释,支撑或发展主题句所表达的思想的。
（2023春·湖北十堰·高二房县第一中学校联考阶段练习）The idea that red means stp and green means g has impacted ur lives in mre ways than just traffic signals. We have been taught frm a yung age that the clr red means danger and green means it’s kay t mve frward. But why were thse particular clrs chsen fr traffic lights in the first place? Fr smething we have t lk at every day, why culdn’t they have been prettier clrs like magenta and purple?
Well, it’s imprtant t knw that befre traffic lights fr cars even became a thing, there were traffic signals fr trains. At first, railrad cmpanies used red t means tp, white t mean g, and green t mean cautin. As yu culd imagine, train cnductrs ran int a few prblems with white meaning g. Fr instance, ne train cnductr mistk a bright star fr a white light and thught he was all clear. Well, as yu can imagine, an accident ccurred. Because f cmmn incidents like that, railway cmpanies eventually prpsed green meaning g, and it’s been that way ever since.
As far as red ges, that’s always been a clr that indicated danger, lng befre cars were even arund. This mst likely started because it’s the clr with the lngest wavelength s it can be seen frm a greater distance than ther clrs.
As far as yellw ges, it was used t cautin drivers because it has a slightly shrter wavelength than red, but nt as shrt as green.
But, believe it r nt, yellw was nce used t means tp the flw f traffic, at least as far assigns g. Back in the 1900s, sme stp signs were yellw because it was t hard t see a red sign in a prly lit area. Eventually, materials were develped that were highly reflective and red stp signs were brn. Since yellw can be seen well at all times f the day, schl znes, sme traffic signs, and schl buses cntinue t be painted yellw.
1．What des the underlined wrd “clear” mean in the secnd Paragraph?
A．Withut dubt.B．Easy t understand.C．Cludless in the sky.D．Free frm dangers.
2．Which f the fllwing clrs has the lngest wave?
A．Purple.B．Yellw.C．White.D．Red.
3．Which f the fllwing events came last?
A．Traffic signals fr trains came int being.
B．Railway incidents happened frequently.
C．Yellw is widely used fr its special character.
D．Railway cmpanies chse green meaning g.
4．What’s the purpse f the authr’s writing this passage?
A．T entertain.B．T infrm.C．T persuade.D．T advertise.
（2023春·贵州遵义·高二遵义市南白中学校联考阶段练习）The ppulatin f a sea creature knwn as the sunflwer sea star, which was nce plentiful alng the Pacific castline frm Mexic’s Baja Califrnia peninsula t Alaska, has been reduced sharply these years. Apprximately 90% f them have disappeared since 2013 due t a mysterius sea star wasting syndrme (海星消瘦综合症).
One f the factrs likely t have led t the death f sea stars is rising cean temperatures caused by climate change, accrding t sme scientists. The cean absrbs mst f the excess atmspheric heat caused by greenhuse gas emissins, which has the effect f increasing the temperature f the water. Many sea creatures can nly tlerate very small changes t their envirnment.
Sunflwer sea stars feed n sea urchins. Sea urchins feed n seagrass. Withut the presence f sunflwer sea stars, their key predatr in the fd chain, sea urchin ppulatins have bmed. That has led t the death f many seagrasses — which in turn cntributes t the climate crisis, as seagrass is a valuable tl t stre carbn dixide.
Scientists at the University f Washingtn have been wrking n that. They have been raising a new generatin f sunflwer sea stars that can be used t reppulate castal waters. Jasn Hdin, a research scientist at the University f Washingtn’s Friday Harbr Labs, said that they’re hping the prgram can help recver the sunflwer sea star and, ultimately, recver the health f ecsystems like seagrass that is under threat right nw.
T test the sea stars’ ability t tlerate warming seas, scientists have these tiny creatures subjected t fluctuatins (波动) in water temperatures in the lab. Sme f the yung adult sea stars are being raised in water that is slightly warmer than nrmal, and are shwing signs f being able t adjust t the added warmth. “These are nt typical cean temperatures arund here, but the success indicates that they at least have the ability t endure the warmer water,” said Hdin.
5．Which culd be a pssible reasn fr the death f sunflwer sea stars?
A．Habitat lss.B．Climate change.
C．Fd shrtage.D．Ocean pllutin.
6．What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A．The living habits f sunflwer sea stars.
B．The imprtance f seagrass t the envirnment.
C．The key rle f sunflwer sea stars in the fd chain.
D．The cnsequences f the increasing sea urchin ppulatins.
7．Hw d scientists help increase the ppulatin f sunflwer sea stars?
A．By develping devices t cl sea water.
B．By imprving the envirnment f castal waters.
C．By grwing plentiful seagrass t absrb carbn dixide.
D．By experimenting n raising a new generatin f the creature.
8．What des Jasn Hdin think f the prgram?
A．It is meaningful.B．It is cmplicated.
C．It is bizarre.D．It is disappinting
（2023春·湖北襄阳·高二宜城市第一中学校联考期中）By drawing patterns n the surface f a cup f tea, chabaixi (茶百戏), an ancient Chinese tea trick displayed in a recent TV drama, has gne viral fr its apparent similarity with mdern cffee art. Hwever, ten years ag, this distinctive technique was clse t disappearing. Zhang Zhifeng, a practician f chabaixi, fund scenes f chabaixi in the drama arused great interest amng rdinary peple.
Chabaixi can create endless patterns such as bambs and muntains r even calligraphy. There are ver a dzen steps, frm grinding (碾碎) tea fr fine pwder, t puring biled water, stirring the mixture fr thick frth (泡沫), and finally drawing the patterns. It is different frm making cffee because peple use clear water as the bject t put int the cup instead f milk. But when the water tuches the surface f whipped (搅打起泡的) tea, it turns int a white clr and disappears in 20 minutes. The prcess befre the drawing is knwn as the tea—making technique, diancha. The quality f diancha is crucial t whether patterns can be successfully prduced later.
“Chabaixi is ne f the cuntless frms f tea-making techniques in China. The imprtance f chabaixi is nt nly that this technique is unique in the wrld, but als it gives us a windw int peple’s lifestyle in the Sng Dynasty, a perid f time when leisure activities in sme ways are similar t what we have nw,” Zhang said.
Befre chabaixi was discvered by TV audiences, the technique was listed as part f China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2017, after it was recvered by Zhang Zhifeng. He started researching the rigins f chabaixi in the 1980s and brught the technique back in 2009 after decades f trials and practice.
“T let this technique fade wuld be a shame. It must be passed n t the next generatins s they can understand its histry,” Zhang said.
9．What d the underlined wrds “gne viral” in paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A．Maintained highly cmpetitive.B．Received gd prtectin.
C．Started declining gradually.D．Became ppular quickly.
10．What d we knw abut chabaixi?
A．It develps based n cffee art.B．It invlves cmplicated tea-making skills.
C．It mainly describes beautiful scenery.D．It is painted with whipped milk.
11．What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．The rigin f chabaixi.B．The uniqueness f chabaixi.
C．The significance f chabaixi.D．The develpment f chabaixi.
12．What can be the best title fr this passage?
A．Zhang Zhifeng—A Practician f Chabaixi
B．Ancient Tea Technique Finds New Ppular Recgnitin
C．A China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage
D．Chabaixi—A Famus Tea-making Technique
（2023春·贵州遵义·高二遵义市南白中学校联考阶段练习）There’s a new AI bt: ChatGPT, and yu’d better pay attentin, even if yu aren’t int artificial intelligence. The tl is an AI chatbt system that OpenAI released in Nvember 2022 t shw ff and test what a very large, pwerful AI system can achieve.
ChatGPT remembers the thread f yur dialgue, using previus questins and answers t infrm its next respnses. It derives its answers frm huge vlumes f infrmatin n the Internet. ChatGPT is built n tp f the OpenAI GPT-3 family f large language mdels and is fine-tuned (a methd f transfer learning) using bth supervised and reinfrcement learning (监督和强化学习).
Yu can ask ChatGPT anything, like explaining physics, asking fr birthday party ideas and getting prgramming (编程) help. Perhaps it’s nt smart enugh t replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sund dwnright authritative. A few days after its launch, mre than 1 millin peple were trying ut ChatGPT. UBS analyst Llyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 millin mnthly users in January, accmplishing in 2 mnths what tk TikTk abut 9 mnths and Instagram tw and a half years.
ChatGPT is free t use at the mment because it is still in its research phase. But when t many peple hp nt the server (服务器), it verlads and can’t prcess yur request. It just means yu shuld try visiting the site at a later time when fewer peple are trying t access it. If yu want t skip the wait and have reliable access, there is an ptin fr yu. As f Feb.1, 2023, OpenAI has a ChatGPT pr plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allws users t have general access even during peak times. This service des cme at a cst f $20 / mnth.’
Hwever, ChatGPT can nt replace Ggle. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence bt that prvides slutins t yur questins, but Ggle is a search engine in which yu can search fr as much infrmatin as pssible. ChatGPT has limited knwledge due t its prgramming but Ggle has unlimited knwledge which is updated every day.
13．What des paragraph 2 mainly tell us abut ChatGPT?
A．Its language mdel.B．Its wrking thery.
C．Its design inspiratin.D．Its develpment prcess.
14．Why des the authr list figures in paragraph 3?
A．T shw the ppularity f ChatGPT.
B．T stress the high cst f inventing ChatGPT.
C．T present the creativity f artificial intelligence.
D．T prve the necessity f develping tls fr chatting nline.
15．What is ChatGPT Plus intended fr?
A．Guiding users t experience free services.
B．Allwing net surfers t skip advertisements.
C．Helping researchers detect the failure f the system.
D．Offering cnsumers pririty access during peak hurs.
16．What is a limitatin f ChatGPT cmpared with Ggle?
A．It perates based n limited data.
B．It takes mre time t search fr slutins.
C．It can nly update infrmatin at a fixed time.
D．It may prvide replies unrelated t the questins.
（2023春·山东烟台·高二统考期中）Scientists have used lasers (激光) t generate electricity in the lab befre. Recently Swiss researchers have fund in a muntaintp experiment that a pwerful laser can grab hld f a lightning flash and rerute its path thrugh the sky, which is the first demnstratin that the technique wrks in real-wrld strms and culd smeday lead t better prtectin, against lightning.
Tday’s mst cmmn anti-lightning tech is the classic lightning rd, a meters-lng metal ple rted t the grund. It attracts lightning and safely guides the electricity int the grund. But the area prtected by a lightning rd is limited by the rd’s height. “If yu want t prtect large buildings like airprts, yu wuld need a lightning rd f kilmeter size,” says Aurélien Huard, a French physicist. Such at all metal ple wuld be impractical But a laser culd reach that far, stpping distant lightning flashes and taking them dwn t grund-based metal rds.
Huard and his clleagues tested this idea a tp Säntis muntain in Switzerland. They setup a high-pwer laser near a telecmmunicatin twer tipped with a lightning rd that is struck by lightning arund 100 times every year. The twer was hit by lightning fur times while the laser was n. One f thse strikes happened in a fairly clear sky, allwing tw high-speed cameras t sht the mment. Thse images shwed lightning rushing dwn frm the cluds and fllwing the laser light fr sme 50 meters tward the twer’s lightning rd.
T fllw the paths f the three flashes they culdn’t see, the researchers lked at radi waves given ff by the lightning. Thse radi waves shwed the three strikes fllwed the path f the laser much mre clsely than ther strikes that happened when the laser was ff. This suggested that the laser guided these three strikes t the lightning rd as well.
It’s a real achievement but the laser is t expensive. It’ll prbably take a decade r mre befre it’s truly able t prtect large buildings.
17．What new functin f lasers was discvered in the utdr experiment?
A．T prevent strms.B．T prduce electricity.
C．T set ff lightning flashes.D．T redirect lightning strikes.
18．What aspect f a lightning rd des paragraph 2 fcus n?
A．Its categry.B．Its structure.C．Its weakness.D．Its inventr.
19．Hw did the researchers track the invisible lightning flash?
A．Thrugh cameras.B．Thrugh its radi waves.
C．Thrugh a twer.D．Thrugh a lightning rd.
20．Where can we mst prbably read this text?
A．In a persnal diary.B．In a ppular magazine.
C．In a physics textbk.D．In a class presentatin.
（2023春·宁夏吴忠·高二吴忠中学校考期中）Twelve years ag, a yung traveler named Rhett Butler frm San Francisc, Califrnia, visited the Sabah rainfrest n Malaysian Brne. In ne area f the rainfrest, he watched a bird flying thrugh the trees. The beautiful sight left quite an impressin n him. But weeks later, back hme, Rhett Butler gt the news that trees had been cut dwn fr their wd in the area he visited.
That experience led Rhett Butler t begin writing a bk abut rainfrests and threats (威胁) t their existence. But he did nt publish the bk. Instead, in 1999, he used his research fr the bk t create a website. The site is Mngabay.cm. His purpse was t infrm the public abut trpical rainfrests. But the subject quickly develped. As a frmer businessman, he became a respected writer f science and envirnmental stries.
The ppularity f Mngabay.cm attracted advertisers. Small ads n the site pay fr its peratins. Mngabay.cm has grwn and led t ther sites. Fr example, there is a site fr children which is called kids mngabay.cm. Anther ne, WildMadagascar.rg, is all abut the island natin that Rhett Butler calls his favrite place.
T keep his website ging, he travels arund the wrld n several majr trips each year. His wrking tls are a laptp cmputer, cameras and smetimes diving equipment. He ften calls n experts fr infrmatin. Fr example, he interviewed Alisn Jlly, a tp expert n lemurs (狐猴). He interviewed Rdney Jacksn, a bilgist wh established the Snw Lepard Cnservancy.
Stries like these have made Mngabay.cm a favrite place n the Internet fr researchers, students and teachers. In April, Time. Cm. named it ne f the fifteen tp climate and envirnment websites in the wrld.
21．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．Rhett Butler and His Website
B．Rainfrest n Malaysian Brne
C．Hw Rhett Butler Prtected Rare Animals
D．Hw Rhett Butler Made His Website Ppular
22．Rhett Butler didn’t publish his bk abut rainfrests because________.
A．making websites earns mre mney than writing bks
B．he was nt prepared t publish his bk
C．the bk was nt abut rainfrest prtectin
D．he wanted t use the infrmatin t create a website
23．Which f the fllwing is NOT true abut the Mngabay.cm?
A．It was set up in 1999.B．It attracted many advertisers.
C．Tw related websites grew frm it.D．Rhett Butler made a lt f mney frm it.
24．T keep his website ging, Rhett Butler________.
A．kept visiting the rainfrestB．traveled arund and interviewed experts
C．raised rare snw lepardsD．made a great number f advertisements
（2023春·宁夏吴忠·高二吴忠中学校考期中）Nwadays, children spend less time in the fresh air. Many f them are addicted t a screen either n a cmputer r a TV— they seem t be living in a virtual wrld. They have lst tuch with nature.
But nw 400 rganizatins in the UK, frm playgrups t the Natinal Health Service, are encuraging children t have sme “wild time”. They want kids t swap at least 30 minutes f watching TV r playing cmputer games fr time playing utside. Activities such as building dens, climbing trees, rummaging fr cnkers and playing hide and seek are just sme f the things kid can d. Even if they live in a city, they can g n adventures in the garden r the park.
Children ften need a helping hand frm mum and dad. They need t be shwn what t d and where t g. Andy Simpsn frm Natinal Health Service says, “We want parents t see what this magical wnder prduct des fr their kids’ develpment, independence and creativity, by giving wild time a g.”
S despite the cmplicated wrld that yung peple grw up in nw, it seems that ging back t basics and experiencing “nature’s playgrund” is what mdern children need. David Bnd frm Prject Wild Thing says, “We need t make mre space fr wild time in children’s daily rutine, freeing this generatin f kids t have the srt f experiences that many f us tk fr granted.”
This might sund a bit ld fashined t yu r maybe, like me, it’s made yu think abut sticking n yur bts, getting utdrs and reliving yur childhd. There’s n age limit n enjying yurself!
25．Children are encuraged t d the fllwing activities except________.
A．building densB．climbing trees
C．playing hide and seekD．watching TV
26．What’s the main idea f Paragraph 4?
A．Adults value utdr activities.B．Mdern children need wild time.
C．The present wrld is cmplicated.D．This generatin f kids has n freedm
27．The last paragraph suggests that________.
A．Peple at any age can enjy wild time
B．It is ut f date t g utdrs
C．It is t late fr adults t enjy nature
D．Peple like recalling the past
28．What is the best title f the text?
A．Mre space fr childrenB．Benefits f wild time
C．Wild time fr childrenD．Adventures f children
（2023春·湖南郴州·高二嘉禾县第一中学校考阶段练习）There’s always been debate abut the best time f day t wrk ut. Fr the lngest time I’ve heard that exercising in the mrning is ideal, but thers say a nighttime wrkut benefits them mre. I was ne f thse evening exercisers when I was wrking in an ffice regularly but have since shifted t late mrning wrkuts. Is ne time really better than anther, and why?
Regardless f when yu wrk ut, there are many health benefits frm mving regularly, like imprving yur heart health, getting strnger r even imprving yur endurance. Mst peple decide t exercise when it best fits their schedule, s ftentimes they can’t help the time f the day they chse t be active.
Research has shwn, hwever, that the time f day yu chse t exercise can affect yur wrkut in varius ways. The best time t wrk ut is whenever yu can. We dn’t all have schedules that allw fr a 90-minute wrkut. If yur nly time f day t exercise is befre wrk, then mrning is best. If yu reserve physical activity fr packed evenings, there’s a gd chance yu wn’t ever get t it. Likewise, if yu can nly squash 20 minutes f exercise int yur day right befre yu get ready fr bed, that’s the best time t wrk ut. I want t add a nte n cnsistency, thugh. The best time t exercise is whenever yu can, but the best time f day t exercise is the time yu can stick with fr days, weeks and mnths.
The fact f the matter is that peple wh exercise invariably see better weight lss and fitness results in the lng-term. Research als suggests that yur bdy can adapt t regular training schedules, s if yu wrk ut every mrning, yu will prbably get a lt better at wrking ut in the mrning, and the same in regard t night wrkuts. That all said, mrning wrkuts and night wrkuts bth have their advantages and disadvantages as evidenced by decades f scientific research.
29．Why des the authr talk abut the debate?
A．T give backgrund knwledge.B．T intrduce the tpic f the text.
C．T shw the authr’s attitude.D．T shw peple’s puzzlement when exercise.
30．When is the best time t take exercise accrding t the text?
A．In the mrning.B．In the evening.C．After wrk.D．The time yu can stick t.
31．What is the mst imprtant as t exercise accrding t the text?
A．Chsing the prper place.B．Chsing favrite sprt.
C．Wrking ut regularly.D．Exercising 20 minutes a day.
32．What is the best title fr the text?
A．The varius ways t exerciseB．The cmmn frms f exercising
C．The best time f a day fr exercisingD．The gd reasns fr exercising
（2023春·湖北宜昌·高二葛洲坝中学校考阶段练习）Nwadays sme cmpanies are attempting t grw seafd frm cells in a labratry rather than harvesting it frm the ceans.
With massive prblems with verfishing wrldwide and grwing demand fr shrinking supplies f seafd, the way fish currently makes its way t ur plates isn’t a lng-term viable ptin. Between 1961 and 2016, the average annual increase in glbal fd fish cnsumptin utpaced ppulatin grwth. Thse are figures nt sustainable fr us, the fish r the envirnment as a whle.
Cellular seafd culd be the answer. Just dn’t make the mistake f calling it lab-grwn fish. ‘‘Nne f us in the industry wuld call it lab-grwn seafd,” says Mike Selden, CEO f Finless Fds. ‘‘Finless Fds isn’t lab-grwn. We experiment and create ur science in the lab, but dn’t prduce there. Our prducts cme frm a prductin base much like a farm as a prductin base fr animals.’’
Finless Fds is a tech cmpany in San Francisc. Beginning in 2017, it’s been wrking t bring t market a species f cultured bluefin tuna (蓝鳍金枪鱼) created using cellular technlgy. Shrtly after that, the cmpany prduced its first pund f bluefin tuna meat fr a cst f abut $19,000. Since then, hwever, it’s been the first battle t bring that price dwn.
Selden terms what Finless Fds is ding as ‘‘cell-based seafd’’. ‘‘We’re grwing seafd frm real seafd cells,’’ Selden explained. ‘‘We take cells frm a fish nce, and then grw them endlessly frm that. We d the same prcess that happens inside f a fish and make it happen utside f a fish.”
The gal f cellular seafd isn’t t entirely destry the current seafd industry. Instead, it’s intended t augment it—and perhaps t help reduce sme f the mre harmful aspects f current fishing practices like verfishing and illegal fishing. And when it cmes t certain sea species, this labratry-based apprach culd help create a plentiful supply f certain fish withut endangering the survival f certain verfished species as a whle.
33．What is the main functin f the secnd paragraph?
A．Warning us f the shrinking seafd supplies.
B．Stressing the significance f cellular seafd.
C．Analyzing the reasns fr glbal verfishing.
D．Shwing the envirnmental effect f seafd.
34．What is the tp pririty f prducing cellular seafd ?
A．Cutting dwn the high cst f prductin.
B．Enriching the nutrient cntent.
C．Reducing harmful health effect.
D．Simplifying the prductin prcess.
35．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Cellular seafd isn’t lab-grwn fd because it is prcessed in a prductin base whlly.
B．Finless Fds des the same prcess inside a fish as a fish des.
C．Finless Fds can create a new range f fish.
D．Cellular seafd can strengthen the current seafd industry.
36．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Seafd in Cells.B．Cheaper Seafd.
C．Insufficient Seafd Supplies.D．Current Seafd Industry.
（2023春·河北沧州·高二统考期中）One f the mst exciting parts f Hallween is getting pumpkins (南瓜) t decrate the inside and utside f yur hme. Yu might even enjy carving ut Jack O Lanterns and might even keep the pumpkins arund until they are right at the end f lking gd. S what d yu d nce it’s time t deal with them?
A lt f peple think that it’s a gd idea t thrw them int the wds in rder t feed them t wildlife. Yu wuld think that it’s better t d that rather than thrw them in the trash. Hwever, this is why wildlife experts are warming against ding that.
While the idea is reasnable, it is actually causing a lt f harm t the lcal creatures. A myth seems t have built up that leaving pumpkins in wds helps wildlife.
One f the biggest issues is that these pumpkins are frequently eaten by hedgehgs (刺猬) that are lking t gain as much weight as pssible in this time f the year befre winter kicks in. Hwever, the pumpkin is actually bad fr their little stmachs, causing them t experience dehydratin and diarrhea, eventually causing them t lse weight, and in sme cases their lives.
Of curse, while Jack O Lanterns are lvely t lk at, a lt f peple thrw them ut withut cleaning ut any f the candles, plastic, r anything else that has been added as decratins. This can cause damage and can even be deadly t wildlife that end up eating these thrwn-away pumpkins. The rtting pumpkins culd attract wildlife that is nt meant t be in that specific area, like rats.
If yu’re wndering what yu shuld be ding with these ld pumpkins instead, experts have sme suggestins. Yu culd try t cmpst (堆肥) them n yur wn at hme. Anther alternative is t ask a lcal farm if they want t accept them as dnatins. Just make sure that the way yu deal with these pumpkins desn’t end up causing harm.
37．What is a pssible result f hedgehgs eating pumpkins?
A．They put n weight.B．Their health imprves.
C．They get in danger.D．Their diets change.
38．What’s the prblem with used pumpkins?
A．They are unfit t eat.B．They can’t break dwn easily.
C．They are nt available in abundance.D．They attract t much.
39．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．Pumpkin harm yu shuld avid.
B．Benefits cming frm the ld pumpkins.
C．Places where used pumpkins are needed.
D．Suggestins n dealing with used pumpkins.
40．Which f the fllwing can be the best tile fr the text?
A．Thrwn-Away Pumpkins Attract Rats
B．Never Thrw Old Pumpkins int Wds
C．Pumpkins Bring Great Fun t Hlidays
D．Avid Pumpkin Decratins fr Hlidays
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