高中英语2025届高考语法复习名词性从句知识讲解

这是一份高中英语2025届高考语法复习名词性从句知识讲解，共4页。学案主要包含了什么是名词性从句？，如何检查从句是否用作名词，名词性从句的简单示例，名词性从句的功能，名词性从句举例，使用名词性从句的目的，名词性从句的种类等内容，欢迎下载使用。
名词性从句是指起名词作用的从句。例如：
·I like what I see.
(和所有分句一样，名词性分句有一个主语 subject和一个动词verb。在本例中，该分句的主语是 "I" 动词是"see."）
·I knw that patience has its limits.
(在这个例子中，分句的主语是 "patience"，动词是 "has."）。
将上面的两个例子与下面的例子进行比较：
·I like innvatin.
·I knw peple.
粗体字都是名词nuns。这证明前两个例子中阴影部分的分句从语法功能上来看就是名词。
很多名词性从句都以 "that"、"hw "或 "wh"开头（即 "what"、"wh"、"which"、"when"、"where "或 "why"）。例如：
·I knw that it happened.
·I knw hw it happened.
·I knw why it happened.
二、如何检查从句是否用作名词
检查短语或分句是否用作名词的一个好方法是尝试将其替换为代词（replacing it with a prnun）。如果你能做到，那么你的短语或分句就具有名词的功能。
·What I say is true.
(代词测试Prnun test："It is true." 这证明"What I say" 从语法功能上来看是名词。)
·Shw me hw they wrk.
(代词测试Prnun test："Shw me them." 这证明"hw they wrk" 从语法功能上来看是名词。)
三、名词性从句的简单示例
下面是一些名词性从句的简单示例。在每个例子中，名词性从句用阴影表示，从句的主语用粗体表示，名词性从句的动词用下划线表示。
·I knw that the stry is true.
·I saw hw the accident happened.
·I understand why it was necessary.
·I knw wh said that.
(通常，开头词（即 "hw"、"that "或 "wh"）是名词性从句的主语）。
四、名词性从句的功能（Functin ）
与任何名词一样，名词性从句可以是主语 subject、宾语 bject或补语cmplement。下面是一些名词性从句作为主语、宾语和补语的简单例子。
·Whever smelt it dealt it.
(这里，名词性从句是主语subject）。
·My cmmand is whatever yu wish.
(这里，名词性从句是主语补语subject cmplement）。
·I will give what yu said sme thught.
(此处，名词性从句是间接宾语indirect bject。）
五、名词性从句举例
在一个句子中sentence，名词性从句是一个从属性从句dependent clause。换句话说，名词性从句不能独立成为一个完整的思想。
·Ask yur child what he wants fr dinner nly if he's buying.
(该名词性从句是"ask."的直接宾语 direct bject。)
·I never knw hw much f what I say is true.
(该名词性从句是介词的宾语 bject f a prepsitin。)
·Man is what he eats.
(这个名词性从句是主语补语 subject cmplement。)
在名词性从句的开头选择正确的 "wh "和 "whm"。
"Wh"是动词的主语。而"Whm"不是。"whever "和 "whmever "也是一样。
·My relatinships are between me and whmever I'm with.
(这里，"whmever "是介词 "with "的宾语 bject）。
·My relatinships are between me and whever is interested.
(这里，"whever "是动词 "is "的主语subject。注意，分句 "whever is interested"是介词 "between,"的宾语bject，但这并不意味着"whever" 变成了"whmever"。如果你的 "whever "是动词的主语subject，那么 "whever "而不是 "whmever "才是正确的）。
六、使用名词性从句的目的（Purpses）
√ 礼貌地询问信息（听起来比直接提问更有礼貌。）
Please tell me where yu wrk.
√ 表示不确定（uncertainty）或不知道。
I knw whse she this it.
√ 报告信息
She says that she is nt ging t marry anyne until 35.
√ 用从句（subjunctives）表示紧迫性（urgency）、可取性（advisability）、必要性（necessity）和可取性（desirability）。
It is imprtant that everyne pay attentin t ur plitics.
七、名词性从句的种类
A- That-从句
a- 陈述句（Statement）
- 肯定陈述（Psitive statements）
1.He visited me last year.
2.Being a teacher is wnderful.
- 否定陈述（Negative statements）
1.She didn't cme here yesterday.
2.A nun clause isn't easy t understand.
b- “that”从句：that +statement → that-clause（"that"经常省略）
● (That)+一个 psitive statement（肯定陈述句）
● (That)+一个 negative statement（否定陈述句）
c- 引导动词（Intrductry verbs）：单及物动词和双及物动词：
● say ● knw ● dream ● knw ● acknwledge ● believe ● remember ● cnfess ● declare ● demand ● imagine ● deny ● expect ● cmplain ● fear ● hpe ● shw ● wnder ● suggest ● prpse ● think ● understand ● ntice ● recgnize
d- 如何从陈述句构成名词性从句
B- 特殊疑问词Wh/h-Wrds 从句
a- Wh/h-Wrds
Where /when /why /what /which /wh /whm /whse /hw
b- 如何从 Wh/h-wrds 问句形成名词性从句
C- 是否If/Whether-从句
如何用yes/n Questins构成名词性从句
注意(Nte):
a) 句子结构（Sentence structure）
Can yu please tell me whether (r nt) yu culd help me?
I was wndering whether yu culd help me (r nt)
I was wndering if yu culd help me(r nt).
b) 位置（Psitins）
Whether (r nt) she is cming is unknwn.
Whether she is cming (r nt) is unknwn.
● If-clause作为名词性从句不能作动词的主语，只有whether-clause可以。
c) 标点符号（Punctuatin）
1.I was wndering if yu culd help me.
● 在句子（1）中，它不是疑问句，因此必须使用句号。
2.Can yu tell me if yu can help me, please?
● 在句子（2）中，它是一个疑问句，因为它以助动词开头。因此，必须使用问号。
八、名词性从句的功能
-> 以下是名词性从句的不同功能
1）名词性从句用作动词的主语
a.What yu are ding seems very difficult.
b.Hw the prisner escaped is a cmplete mystery.
c.That she lves rats is nt true.
注意：
● 当 "that-clause "作为动词的主语时，"that "不能省略。
● 当 "名词性从句 "作主语时，搭配一个单数动词。
2）名词性从句用作动词的直接宾语（direct bject）
a.Jhn said (that) he was pleased t welcme ur friends.
b.N ne knws where he is hiding himself.
c.I dn't understand why she ften gets bad-tempered.
注意：
● 当 "that-clause "用作动词的宾语时，"that "可以省略。
● 没有 "that"，意思不受影响。
3）名词性从句用作动词的间接宾语（indirect bject）
a.I tld him (that) he must wrk harder.
b.The lessn taught him (that) hnesty is the best plicy.
c.He gave him what he prmised t give.
4）名词性从句用作介词（prepsitin）的宾语
a.They always laugh at what she says.
b.She des nt pay attentin t what I am explaining her
c.I can't think f what I shuld d next.
5) 名词性从句作系动词（linking verb）的补语
a.The fact is that he tries s hard t pass his exam.
b.It seems that he always lies t me.
c.That is why heis disappinted.
6）与名词对应的名词性从句
a.The fact that the prisner was guilty was plain t everyne.
b.The news that we are ging t have a day ff tmrrw is real.
c.The plan that we are ging t have a picnic tmrrw is cancelled.
注意：
● 名词和that-clause语法功能上是相同的。
·The fact is the prisner was guilty.
·The news is we are ging t have a day ff tmrrw.
·The plan is we are ging t have a picnic tmrrw.
● 如果名词和that-clause不同，但that-clause修饰或描述名词，它就是形容词从句（即定语从句），而不是名词从句。
1.The fact that the prisner was guilty was plain t everyne.(名词性从句nun clause)
2.The fact that yu are telling me sunds true.( 形容词性从句adj clause )
3.The news that we are ging t have a day ff tmrrw is real.(名词性从句nun clause)
4.The news that is being reprted n TV has shcked everyne.( 形容词性从句adj clause)
5.The plan that we are ging t have a picnic tmrrw is canceled.( 名词性从句nun clause )
6.The plan that I made yesterday is canceled.( 形容词性从句 adj clause)
7)名词性从句与形式主语“lt”相对等。
a.It is clear that he psted a letter.
b.It is clear that he is inncent.
c.It is a pity that he missed a train.
d.It is true that nun clause is nt easy t understand.
注意：
● 主语 "It "和that-clause互指。
● 这意味着我们可以用名词性从句来代替形式主语 "It"。
1.It is clear that he psted a letter
That he psted a letter is clear.
2.It is clear that he is inncent
That he is inncent is clear.
3.It is a pity that he missed a train.
That he missed a train is a pity.
4.It is true that nun clause is nt easy t understand.
That nun clause is nt easy t understand is true.
8)名词性从句作为形容词的补语。
a.I am sure that he will cme.
b.I am srry that yur brther is ill.
c.I am afraid that this srt f bk is ut f stck.