2024年中考英语第二次模拟考试（南京卷）-2024年中考英语逆袭冲刺名校模拟真题速递(江苏专用)

这是一份2024年中考英语第二次模拟考试（南京卷）-2024年中考英语逆袭冲刺名校模拟真题速递(江苏专用)，共23页。试卷主要包含了全卷满分90分，39     E-bk等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1.全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。
2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将 自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。
选择题（共40分）
一、单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
请认真阅读下列各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．Please read the pem n the right. Which wrd is the mst suitable fr ________?
A．rainsB．strmsC．snwsD．shwers
2．—Everything he des is ________ t what is cnsidered nrmal.
—Althugh he lks a little different, he has achieved a lt in the math field.
A．similarB．relativeC．ppsiteD．clse
3．The cuple wh ________ presented with the award Mdel Cuple will give a speech n their life.
A．isB．areC．haveD．has
4．—________ yu’re breathing! Yu must have run here.
—Yes. I had t run because I didn’t want t keep yu waiting.
A．What heavyB．Hw heavyC．Hw heavilyD．What heavily
5．—Hurry up, Jasn! We’re ging t the cinema, but the clthes still need ________.
—Dn’t wrry. I think thirty minutes ________ enugh.
A．washing; areB．t wash; areC．t wash; isD．washing; is
6．________ the peple lcked inside, the firemen brke dwn the dr.
A．ReachB．T reachC．ReachingD．T reaching
7．Yu wn’t fully experience the culture f a freign cuntry ________ yu g there in persn.
A．becauseB．unlessC．ifD．as sn as
8．The earlier we take actin t prtect ur envirnment, the ________ it will be fr ur future.
A．betterB．bestC．wrseD．wrst
9．— Bruce ________ s much in the past tw years.
— Yeah, he ________ be shy, but nw he is cnfident and active.
A．has changed; used tB．changed; is used t
C．changed; used tD．has changed; is used t
10．—T g abrad r nt t g after graduatin, it’s a questin.
—Yu may take ________ f the rads. But being hme in the end matters.
A．neitherB．eitherC．bthD．nne
11．It’s a lng time! I can’t remember when this picture ________ in Xuanwu Lake Park.
A．was takenB．takeC．is takenD．tk
12．—What place will yu suggest if I travel t yur hmetwn?
—The best-knwn Purple Muntain cmes ________ as the first chice.
A．hardlyB．patientlyC．strangelyD．naturally
13．The gvernment is ________ elevatrs(电梯) in the ld buildings f sme cmmunities s that peple, especially the elderly can g up and dwn easily.
A．putting awayB．putting utC．putting inD．putting thrugh
14．— Culd yu please tell me ________ when they meet fr the first time in China?
— They usually shake hands.
A．what d peple usually dB．what peple usually d
C．where d peple usually gD．where peple usually g
15．—It was a fantastic trip. S, which city did yu like best, Wuhan, Chengdu r Chngqing?
—________. There were gd things and bad things abut them.
A．N prblemB．It is hard t say
C．Enjy yurselfD．Yu must be jking
二、完形填空（共10小题；毎小题1分,满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Masaru Ibuka, the chairman f Sny, was nce at a cmpany planning meeting. Suddenly he had a great idea. He 16 the meeting and asked everyne what wuld happen if Sny sld headphnes with a tape player. Almst everyne thught he was crazy. Still, Ibuka kept thinking abut his idea and wrked at 17 it. The result, f curse, was the successful Sny Walkman.
Gd ideas ften start with a really 18 questin. Bill Bwerman was making breakfast ne day. As he std there making waffles (华夫饼) fr his sn, he wndered what wuld happen if he pured rubber (橡胶) int his waffle pan. Later, he tried it and the result lked 19 like the bttm f tday’s sprts shes. Still, when he tk this idea t several famus she cmpanies, he was simply laughed at. In fact, every single cmpany turned him dwn. 20 he was refused, Bwerman didn’t give up and went n t start his wn cmpany, making NIKE athletic shes.
Smetimes gd ideas grw ut f failure. When Fred Smith was a 21 at Yale University, he had sme paperwrk that he needed t deliver (投递) acrss the cuntry the next day. Smith was amazed t find ut that vernight delivery was impssible. He sat fr a lng while wndering 22 . He decided t design an vernight mail service and turned it int a class prject. His prfessr gave him nly a C fr his effrts. 23 , Smith kept n wrking and finally turned his ideas int ne f the first and mst successful vernight mail services in the wrld—FedEx.
We knw tday, f curse, that each f these ideas 24 an unbelievable successful prduct r service. The best questins are usually pen-ended and are ften silly. Children aren’t afraid t ask such questins, but 25 usually are. Think hw different the wrld might be if peple never asked “silly” questins!
16．A．cntinuedB．beganC．stppedD．finished
17．A．intrducingB．imprvingC．recmmendingD．explaining
18．A．sillyB．creativeC．simpleD．difficult
19．A．anythingB．everythingC．nthingD．smething
20．A．WhenB．BecauseC．UntilD．Thugh
21．A．teacherB．studentC．librarianD．wrker
22．A．whenB．whereC．whatD．why
23．A．MreverB．InsteadC．HweverD．Otherwise
24．A．led tB．started frmC．came withD．carried ut
25．A．adultsB．parentsC．managersD．prfessrs
三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）
请认真阅读下列材料, 从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Many teenagers like detective stries. They enjy ging behind the scenes with the main character—a detective. Here are three f the mst ppular detective stries fr teens. Which f them d yu want t buy?
Nate the Great (Bk 1 f 26)
Nate the Great has a new case! His friend Annie has lst an expensive picture. She wants Nate t help her find it. Nate must get all the facts, ask the right questins and find ut the list f suspects. Jin the great detective as he slves the mystery, will yu?
Paperback(平装书)：$5.39 E-bk: $4.99
>Buy it n Amazn
Encyclpedia Brwn, By Detective (Bk 1 f 28)
Encyclpedia Brwn is Idaville neighbrhd’s ten-year-ld star detective. He slves mysteries fr the neighbrhd kids. His dad is the chief f the Idaville Plice Statin. Every night, Encyclpedia helps him slve his mst difficult cases. There are ten cases in each bk. Nt nly Encyclpedia but the readers have a chance t slve them.
Paperback: $4.99 E-bk: $2.80
>Buy it n Amazn
The 100-Year-Old Secret: The Sherlck Files (Bk 1 f 4)
Xena and Xander Hlmes have just fund, they’re the great-great-grandchildren f Sherlck Hlmes. They are given Sherlck’s unslved casebk. The tw start t slve the cases. Can tw 21st-century kids succeed where Sherlck culd nt?
Paperback($7.79) E-bk: $5.67
>Buy it n Amazn
26．Hw many bks are there in the Encyclpedia Brwn. By Detective series in all?
A．Fur.B．Twenty-six.C．Twenty-eight.D．Ten.
27．The main character(s) f The 100-Year-Old Secret: The Sherlck Files is/are ___________.
A．tw childrenB．Sherlck HlmesC．a yung detectiveD．a by and his father
28．Susan wants t buy Bk 1 f Nate the Great and Bk 1 f The 100-Year-Old Secret:The Sherlck Files. Hw much can she save if she buys e-bks instead f paperbacks?
A．$2.12.B．$2.19.C．$4.31.D．$2.52.
B
Sam: Hw are yur classes ging?
Sheldn: S well, thank yu fr asking.
Sam: I didn’t realize yu lived n campus.
Sheldn: I dn’t.
Sam: Then why d yu have a single? And yu dn’t even sleep here?
Sheldn: Well, s I have a place t g. Smetimes I take naps there.
Sam: I live with tw ther girls in a rm this size!
Sheldn: Yu shuld have cmplained t President Hagemeyer. She was very helpful.
Sam: Wait, there are tw clsets?
Sheldn: That’s a bathrm.
Sam: Are yu kidding me? I share ne with 30 ther peple.
Sheldn: That sunds terrible.
Sam: This is s unfair. Yu get s much mre than every ther student.
Sheldn: Fair isn’t everyne getting the same thing. Fair is everyne getting what they deserve (应得).
Sam: Sheldn, that is why n ne sits with yu in class r lunch.
Sheldn: Well, they’re just keeping a respectful distance t my intellect (智力).
Sam: N. They’re aviding yu because yu’re an entitled (享受特权的) child wh thinks that yu’re better than everybdy else.
Sheldn: S, I shuld just pretend (假装) I’m less intelligent than I am?
Sam: Yu shuld realize that there are mre imprtant things in life than ________.
29．Accrding t the cnversatin, we can learn that ________.
A．Sheldn nly takes naps in the drm rm.B．Sam has a single with a clean bathrm.
C．Sheldn sleeps in cllege with 2 rmmates.D．Sam has cmplained t President Hagemeyer.
30．Sheldn is cnsidered NOT ________ by mst students.
A．braveB．cnfidentC．mdestD．lively
31．Sam may prbably say “Yu shuld realize that there are mre imprtant things in life than ________” at the end f their talk.
A．hw smart yu areB．where yu are frm
C．wh thers think f yuD．when yu entered cllege
C
On warm winter days, Yang Liheng, 89, enjys sitting by the windw and lking thrugh ld phts. These phts bring him jy and happiness nce mre.
Fr Yang, ne f the lng-expected activities during the Spring Festival is t take phts with family members. On the early mrning f the secnd day f the Chinese New Year when the whle family reunite, he wuld dress up and wait fr the pht t be taken.
Yang became a phtgrapher in the late 1950s. With his camera, Yang recrded the great changes f his hmetwn ver time. “I had a painful childhd, but I gt a chance t be a phtgrapher after the funding（成立）f the Peple’s Republic f China.” Yang tld Beijing Review. “I want t recrd, in the frm f phtgraphs, the lcal custms, the scenes and peple’s brave spirit f fighting against the hard cnditins here in my hmetwn.”
“I used t take pictures fr everyne else, but seldm turned my camera at my family members,” Yang said. “My grandsn gave me the idea t recrd the grwth and develpment f my wn family.” Taking family phts then became a traditin fr Yang’s family. Thugh nw sme f his grandchildren are wrking and living in ther cities, they try their best t return hme during the Spring Festival and prepare fr the special mment.
Last year was an imprtant year fr Yang Liheng. Mst f his phts were displayed in Yinchuan t shw the develpment f the area ver the past sixty years.
32．What des Yang expect mst during the Spring Festival?
A．Wearing new clthes.B．Having a big dinner.
C．Taking a family pht.D．Visiting his relatives.
33．What des the underlined wrd “reunite” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Get separated.B．Get much wealthier.C．Get imprved.D．Get tgether again.
34．What is the main idea f paragraph 3?
A．When Yang was interviewed.B．Where Yang learnt t take phts.
C．Why Yang had a painful childhd.D．What Yang recrded with his camera.
35．What d we knw abut Yang’s family?
A．It is full f lve.B．It is full f mysteries.
C．It is a rich family.D．It is having a hard time.
D
All ver the wrld, peple find giraffes amazing. The giraffe is the tallest animal in the wrld. Its legs and tail are taller than mst peple. Its tngue is very lng, 18 inches. The frnt part f its tngue is an unusual clr, black. Unlike mst ther large animals, giraffes d nt threaten (威胁) peple. Yet t many scientists the mst amazing thing abut this gentle giant is its heart.
T understand hw amazing the giraffe’s heart is, put yur head lwer than yur heart. Keep it there fr a few minutes. Then lift yur head up very quickly. D yu feel dizzy? This is the effect f a change in bld pressure. The heart has t quickly pump bld t yur brain t stp yu frm feeling dizzy r frm fainting.
When a giraffe lifts its head up frm the grund, it has t lift its 250-kil neck mre than 15 feet in the air. Hw can it d this withut fainting? The giraffe’s heart is really large. It is almst tw feet lng and weighs abut 10 kils. It can pump 60 liters f bld in a minute. The large artery (动脉) that carries bld frm the heart up the lng neck f the giraffe is als unusual because it has a muscle in it. This muscle helps keep the giraffe’s bld pressure.
In 1988, a writer, Michael Allin, learned that a giraffe arrived in Marseille, a city in the suth f France, in 1826. It was a gift t the king f France Charles X. He decided t g t Ethipia, in East Africa, where the giraffe was brn. He traveled t Egypt n the Nile River. This was the same way the giraffe came t Egypt where he discvered the reasn fr the gift. Muhammad Ali, an imprtant Egyptian leader, did nt want the French t enter a war. He sent the giraffe t King Charles X.
Hwever, it was difficult t transprt a giraffe in 1826. It traveled frm Egypt t France n a ship. The giraffe was s tall that it culdn’t fit in the lwer deck f the ship. This was quite a prblem until smene decided t cut a hle in the tp deck f the ship. The giraffe’s legs were belw, and its lng neck came up thrugh the hle.
N ne knew hw t get such a large animal frm Marseille t Paris, s the giraffe had t walk the 880 kilmeters. All alng the way, peple came t watch the gentle giant. Six weeks after it left Marseille, the giraffe finally arrived in Paris, where 100,000 peple came t see this amazing creature. Tday, we still lk at the giraffe in amazement. There is n ther animal like it n earth.
36．What is unusual abut the artery in a giraffe’s neck?
A．It has a muscle in it.B．It has an unusual clur.
C．It weighs 10 kils.D．It carries bld t the legs.
37．The writer explains hw amazing the giraffe’s heart is in Paragraph 3 mainly by ________.
A．telling striesB．shwing steps
C．giving numbersD．expressing pinins
38．Muhammad Ali gave the giraffe t ________.
A．the French pepleB．the Egyptian leader
C．the French writerD．the king f France
39．What did they d t transprt the giraffe by ship?
A．They cut a hle in the deck.B．They added a taller deck t the ship.
C．They built anther new ship.D．They cut the taller deck ff the ship.
40．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．The gentle giant frm AfricaB．The special heart f the giant
C．The amazing jurney t FranceD．The ppular writer frm France
非选择题（共50分）
四、填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
41．Fu Ba, the first panda brn in Suth Krea, (重) 197g at birth.
42．Traditinal Chinese medicine is welcmed in China and (在国外).
43．The film The Wandering Earth II has wn high (赞扬) frm the public.
44．Our path in life will nt always be (平坦的), s we shuld learn t deal with all kinds f difficulties.
45．Teng Fei, called the (第二) Yuan Lngping, surprised the wrld by grwing rice in the prest land successfully.
B）请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
46．Li Jun was (lucky) because his car brke dwn yesterday.
47．Tm was lking frward t (wrk) with the new manager.
48．With binculars, watchers can watch the mn mre (clear).
49．He wuld rather (stay) at hme t lk after his sick grandfather.
50．It is abut 20 (minute) walk frm my hme t schl. S I dn’t need t take a bus every day.
C）根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。
Here are sme interesting seahrse facts t surprise yu!
Thugh they lk nthing like fish, they are fish 51 . They live in water and breathe like fish. But unlike ther fish, they have a tail and a neck.
They are 52 swimmers. In fact, they are the slwest mving fish in the cean and swim abut 5 feet per hur.
Seahrses hide frm 53 by changing clurs t lk like the things arund them. They can d this because they have special cells in their skin that allw them t change clurs.
Male seahrses are the 54 male animals that can give birth! Babies grw inside dad seahrse’s puch (a sft bag n his bdy). After tw t fur weeks, it gives birth t 100 t 1,000 babies 55 . They are a lt f cute, tiny seahrses! Hw amazing!
五、阅读填空（共20小题;每小题1分, 满分20分）
A）请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
They asked Katherine Jhnsn fr the mn, and she gave it t them. With little mre than a pencil, a rule and ne f the finest mathematical minds in the cuntry, Mrs. Jhnsn, wh died at 103, wrked ut the exact track that wuld let Apll 11 land n the mn in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrng’s histry—making mnwalk, let it cme back t Earth.
Yet thrughut Mrs. Jhnsn’s 33 years in NASA and fr a perid f ten years afterwards, almst n ne knew her name.
Brn in White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia, in 1918, Mrs. Jhnsn shwed great talent fr numbers at an early age which made her ahead several grades in schl. By 13, she went t the high schl. At 18, she entered the cllege and graduated with highest grades in 1937.
Mrs. Jhnsn was ne f several hundred strictly educated, with strng ability yet largely unknwn wmen wh, well befre the mdern feminist mvement(女权运动), wrked as NASA mathematicians. But it was nt nly her sex that kept her lng unimprtant. Fr sme years at midcentury, the black wmen were influenced by a duble segregatin(隔离): They were kept separate frm the much large grup f white wmen wh in turn were segregated frm the agency’s male mathematicians and engineers.
Mrs. Jhnsn brke barriers(屏障) at NASA．In ld age, Mrs. Jhnsn became the mst celebrated f black wmen wh served as mathematicians fr the space agency. Their stry was tld in the 2016 Hllywd film Hidden Figures, which was nminated fr three Oscars, including best picture.
In 2017, NASA named a building after her. That year, the Washingtn Pst described her as “the mst high-prfile f the cmputers”—“cmputers” being the term at first used t describe Mrs. Jhnsn and her wrkmates, much as “typewriters” were used in the 19th century t represent prfessinal typists.
“She helped ur natin enlarge the frntiers f space,” NASA’s administratr, Jim Bridenstine, said in a statement, “even as she made huge steps that als pened drs fr wmen and peple f clur t explre space.”
As Mrs. Jhnsn herself liked saying, her term at Langley—frm 1953 until her retirement in 1986—was “a time when cmputers wre skirts.”
B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。
Type in “A cat wants t g t space” and ask the rbt t write a bedtime stry. Just ne secnd later, yu’ll get the stry f Max, wh clawed (爬) his w 66 past many difficulties t sing amng the stars.
This rbt w 67 is real. It’s called ChatGPT. US cmpany Open AI develped it t generate (生成) human-like texts. It can t 68 languages, talk with peple and write sngs, pems and e 69 jkes. It’s ne f the mst p 70 AI f its kind, with the cmplete writing range (范围) f a real persn!
Peple arund the wrld have tried ChatGPT and psted their r 71 n scial media. Sme used it t write histry papers, sme asked it t take ntes f presentatins, and sme even gt a 72 n hw t interact (互动) with peple at a party, reprted The Atlantic.
The pwer f ChatGPT lies in its speed and understanding f difficult m 73 . We may spend hurs researching, understanding and writing an article n the thery f evlutin. But ChatGPT can p 74 a well-written ne in secnds. Anther gd thing abut it is that if yu ask d 75 harmful questins, such as hw t make weapns (武器), it will refuse t give yu an answer.
六、书面表达（满分15分）
76．假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Eric给你发来电子邮件请求帮助。请根据邮件内容，用英语回复。
注意：
1. 文中不能出现你的真实姓名和学校名称。
2. 语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清晰，书写规范。
3. 词数80左右，邮件的开头和结尾部分已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Eric,
I’m glad t receive yur email. Nw, I’m writing t tell yu abut my thughts.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
A Spring Mrning
By Meng Haran
This spring mrning in bed I’m lying,
Nt t awake till birds are crying.
After ne night f wind and ▲ ,
Hw many are the fallen flwers?
nly indeed enemies awful at a time
Katherine Jhnsn—A great NASA mathematician
Basic infrmatin
● Mrs. Jhnsn was brn in 1918 in West Virginia and died in 2021.
● She started schl earlier than thers because f her 56 fr Maths.
● She gt the 57 results in the cllege thugh she studied there fr just ne year.
● She wrked fr NASA fr 33 years, but was 58 t public.
Cause f being 59 unequally
● Mrs. Jhnsn was nt nly female but als 60 .
Cntributins
● She wrked ut the exact track that let Apll 11 land n the mn and 61 t Earth in 1969.
● As the mst famus black wman at NASA, she 62 in breaking barriers f segregatin.
● She helped wmen and peple f clur have a 63 t space explratin.
Evaluatin(评价)
● Mrs. Jhnsn was cnsidered as ne f the mst famus black wmen fr the space agency.
● NASA thught highly f her and decided that a building was 64 after her.
● The Washingtn Pst called her and her team “cmputers”, which 65 her a lt.
Dear Li Hua,
Hw are yu ging?
Our schl will hld a drama festival next mnth. I tried ut fr the perfrmance last week. But I’m very unhappy t be chsen t play a rle withut any dialgue. Shuld I give up the chance? Culd yu please give me sme advice? Thank yu!
Yurs,
Eric
参考答案：
1．D
【详解】句意：请读右边的诗。 哪个词最适合？
考查诗歌押韵。rains雨；strms风暴；snws雪；shwers阵雨。根据诗歌末尾单词押韵的原则，lying和crying押韵；shwers和flwers押韵。故选D。
2．C
【详解】句意：——他做的每一件事都是与正常情况相反的。——虽然他看起来有点不同，但他在数学领域取得了很多成就。
考查形容词辨析。similar相似的；relative相对的；ppsite相反的；clse近的。根据“—Althugh he lks a little different”可知与别人不同，做的事情与正常情况相反。故选C。
3．A
【详解】句意：被授予模范夫妻奖的夫妇将发表关于他们生活的演讲。
考查主谓一致。根据“The with the award Mdel Cuple”可知，be presented with“被授予”，且此处的cuple需看成一个整体。故选A。
4．C
【详解】句意：——你的呼吸多么沉重啊！你一定是跑到这儿来的。——是的。我不得不跑，因为我不想让你久等。
考查感叹句。根据“... yu’re breathing!”可知用副词heavily修饰动词breathing，此处用“Hw+副词+主谓”结构。故选C。
5．D
【详解】句意：——快点，杰森！我们要去看电影，但衣服还需要洗。——不要担心。我想30分钟就够了。
考查非谓语动词和主谓一致。need ding sth“需要被做”，排除BC；第二处“thirty minutes”是一个时间整体，be动词用is。故选D。
6．B
【详解】句意：为了接触被锁在里面的人，消防员破门而入。
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，“the peple lcked inside”的目的是“the firemen brke dwn the dr”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选B。
7．B
【详解】句意：除非你亲自去那里，否则你不会完全体验外国的文化。
考查连词辨析。because因为；unless除非，如果……不……；if如果；as sn as一……就。结合句意可知，“yu g there in persn”是“Yu wn’t fully experience the culture f a freign cuntry”的否定条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
8．A
【详解】句意：我们越早采取行动保护环境，对我们的未来就越好。
考查比较级结构。better更好的；best最好的；wrse更差的；wrst最差的；结合“The ”可知，此处是“The+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，结合“we take actin t prtect ur envirnment”可知，越早采取行动越好，故选A。
9．A
【详解】句意：——布鲁斯在过去的两年中变化很大。——是的，他以前很害羞，但现在他很自信和积极。
考查时态。第一处根据“in the past tw years”可知，用现在完成时，排除BC；第二处根据“but nw he is cnfident and active”可知，强调与现在的对比，用used t be结构，是一般过去时。be used t d sth“被用来做某事”，不符合语境。故选A。
10．B
【详解】句意：——毕业后出国还是不出国，这是个问题。——你可以走这两条路中的任何一条。但最终能回家还是很重要的。
考查代词辨析。neither两者都不；either两者中的任何一个；bth两者都；nne三者或三者以上都不。根据“But being hme in the end matters.”可知，此处是指走哪条路都可以，用either表示“两者中的任何一个”。故选B。
11．A
【详解】句意：时间很长了！我不记得这张照片是什么时候在玄武湖公园拍摄的。
考查被动语态。主语this picture和谓语take之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态was/were dne。故选A。
12．D
【详解】句意：—— 如果我去你的家乡旅行，你建议我去什么地方？—— 最著名的紫金山自然是首选。
考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；patiently耐心地；strangely奇怪地；naturally自然地。根据“The best-knwn Purple Muntain the first chice.”可知，紫金山自然是首选，故选D。
13．C
【详解】句意：政府正在一些社区的老建筑中安装电梯，以便人们，特别是老年人可以轻松上下。
考查动词短语。putting away收起来放好；putting ut扑灭；putting in安装；putting thrugh接通。根据“s that peple, especially the elderly can g up and dwn easily.”可知是为了方便老人上下楼，所以政府给老建筑安装电梯，故选C。
14．B
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我人们在中国第一次见面时通常会做什么吗？——他们通常握手。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“They usually shake hands”可知上文询问第一次见面做什么，用what引导宾语从句。故选B。
15．B
【详解】句意：——这是一次美妙的旅行。那么，你最喜欢哪个城市，武汉，成都还是重庆？——很难说。他们都有好的一面，也有不好的一面。
考查情景交际。N prblem.没问题；It is hard t say.很难说；Enjy yurself.玩得开心；Yu must be jking.你一定是在开玩笑吧。根据答语中“There were gd things and bad things abut them”可知，说话人很难从三个城市中做出选择。故选B。
16．C 17．B 18．A 19．D 20．D 21．B 22．D 23．C 24．A 25．A
【导语】本文通过三个人的例子来论述“疯狂的想法有时候有助于伟大的发明”。
16．句意：他停下会议并询问大家如果索尼出售带有录音机的耳机会发生什么。
cntinued继续；began开始；stpped停止；finished完成。根据“He... the meeting and asked everyne what wuld happen if Sny sld headphnes with a tape player.”可知，在询问所有人问题之前，应是先停下会议进程。故选C。
17．句意：尽管如此，伊布卡还是一直在思考他的想法，并努力改进它。
intrducing介绍；imprving改进；recmmending推荐；explaining解释。根据“The result, f curse, was the successful Sny Walkman.”可知，结果是成功的，伊布卡成功做出了索尼随身听，可推测空处是在不断改进。故选B。
18．句意：好的想法往往从一个非常愚蠢的问题开始。
silly愚蠢的；creative有创造性的；simple简单的；difficult困难的。根据“Still, when he tk this idea t several famus she cmpanies, he was simply laughed at.”可知，当鲍尔曼把他的想法传递给几个著名的鞋子公司时，他被嘲笑了，可推测是想法听起来愚蠢才会被嘲笑。故选A。
19．句意：后来，他试了一下，结果看起来有点像今天的运动鞋的底部。
anything任何东西；everything所有东西；nthing没有东西；smething某个东西。根据“like the bttm f tday’s sprts shes”可知，此处表达的是像今天的运动鞋的底部的某样东西，强调个体，且用于肯定句，用smething。故选D。
20．句意：尽管他被拒绝了，但是鲍尔曼没有放弃，并继续创办了自己的公司，生产耐克运动鞋。
When当……时候；Because因为；Until直到……为止；Thugh尽管。根据“he was refused, Bwerman didn’t give up and went n t start his wn cmpany, making NIKE athletic shes.”可知，空处前后是转折关系，虽然被拒绝，但是没放弃，用Thugh引导让步状语从句。故选D。
21．句意：当弗雷德·史密斯还是耶鲁大学的学生的时候，他有一些文件需要第二天提交全国各地。
teacher老师；student学生；librarian图书管理员；wrker工人。根据“at Yale University”以及“His prfessr gave him nly a C fr his effrts.”可知，弗雷德·史密斯身处耶鲁大学，且有教授，需要做作业，可推测是一名学生。故选B。
22．句意：他坐了很久，想知道为什么。
when什么时候；where在哪里；what什么；why为什么。根据“Smith was amazed t find ut that vernight delivery was impssible.”可知，史密斯很惊奇地发现隔夜递送是不可能的，他想知道这为什么不可能。故选D。
23．句意：然而，史密斯继续工作，最终把他的想法变成了世界上最早也是最成功的隔夜邮政服务之一——联邦快递。
Mrever而且；Instead取而代之的是；Hwever然而；Otherwise否则。根据“His prfessr gave him nly a C fr his effrts.”以及“Smith kept n wrking and finally turned his ideas int ne f the first and mst successful vernight mail services in the wrld—FedEx.”可知，虽然教授给了史密斯C的评价，但是他仍然在努力实现自己的想法，前后是转折关系，用Hwever。故选C。
24．句意：当然，我们今天知道，这些想法中的每一个都导致了令人难以置信的成功产品或服务。
led t导致；started frm从……开始；came with随……而来；carried ut执行。根据“each f these ideas... an unbelievable successful prduct r service”可知，想法和成功的产品服务之间是因果关系，是想法导致了产品服务的生成。故选A。
25．句意：孩子们不怕问这样的问题，但成年人通常会害怕。
adults成人；parents父母；managers经理；prfessrs教授。根据“Children aren’t afraid t ask such questins, but... usually are.”可知，此处是前后对比，孩子不害怕，但是成人会害怕，将孩子与成人进行对比。故选A。
26．C 27．A 28．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了三本侦探小说。
26．细节理解题。根据“Encyclpedia Brwn, By Detective (Bk 1 f 28)”可知，一共有28本书，故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“Xena and Xander Hlmes have just fund they’re the great-great-grandchildren f Sherlck Hlmes”可知，主要角色是两个孩子，故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据“Nate the Great (Bk 1 f 26)”及其价格“Paperback: S5.39, E-bk: $4.99”及“The 100-Year-Old Secret: The Sherlck Files (Bk 1 f 4)”及其价格“Paperback($7.79), E-bk: $5.67”可知买平装书共需要13.18美元； 而买电子书共需要10.66美元，所以买电子书共节省2.52美元。故选D。
29．A 30．C 31．A
【导语】本文是一则Sam和Sheldn之间的对话，Sam认为Sheldn是一个享有特权的孩子，认为这不公平，而Sheldn认为公平是每个人都得到他们应得的。
29．细节理解题。根据“Well, s I have a place t g. Smetimes I take naps there.”可知，谢尔顿在宿舍睡午觉。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据“Well, they’re just keeping a respectful distance t my intellect (智力).”及“S, I shuld just pretend (假装) I’m less intelligent than I am?”可知，大多数学生觉得谢尔顿不谦虚。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据“S, I shuld just pretend (假装) I’m less intelligent than I am?”及“Yu shuld realize that there are mre imprtant things in life than...”可知，Sam认为Sheldn应该意识到生活中有比智力更重要的事情，选项A符合。故选A。
32．C 33．D 34．D 35．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了杨立恒这位摄影师用照片记录了银川的发展，以及每年春节为家里人拍家庭照的这种习俗的故事。
32．细节理解题。根据“Fr Yang, ne f the lng-expected activities during the Spring Festival is t take phts with family members”可知，春节期间期待已久的活动之一就是和家人合影，故选C。
33．词义猜测题。根据“On the early mrning f the secnd day f the Chinese New Year when the whle family reunite, he wuld dress up and wait fr the pht t be taken”可知，在大年初二全家人团聚的时候，他会盛装打扮，等待拍照，根据空格前的“the whle family”，推测reunite与get tgether again同义，故选D。
34．主旨大意题。根据“With his camera, Yang recrded the great changes f his hmetwn ver time”可知，本段主要介绍了他用相机记录下来的内容，故选D。
35．推理判断题。通过本文描述可知，他通过拍照的方式记录了家乡的变化以及用这种方式给全家每一年拍一张家庭照，每次看到这些照片内心都充满着快乐的回忆，由此可推断他的家庭是一个充满爱的家庭，故选A。
36．A 37．C 38．D 39．A 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大型动物——长颈鹿身体构造的惊人之处和它被发现的历史。
36．细节理解题。根据“The large artery (动脉)... is als unusual because it has a muscle in it.”可知长颈鹿脖子的动脉有肌肉，A选项符合原文表达。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据“It is almst tw feet lng and weighs abut 10 kils. It can pump 60 liters f bld in a minute.”可知通过列数字的方式来说明长颈鹿心脏的惊奇。故选C。
38．推理判断题。根据“Muhammad Ali... sent the giraffe t King Charles X.”可知是把长颈鹿送给法国国王。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“This was quite a prblem until smene decided t cut a hle in the tp deck f the ship.”可知为通过船只运输长颈鹿，在甲板上开了个洞。故选A。
40．最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知整篇文章都是在写大型动物长颈鹿。故选A。
41．weighed
【详解】句意：第一只出生在韩国的大熊猫“福宝”出生时重197克。weigh“重”，动词，此处描述过去发生的事情，时态使用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填weighed。
42．abrad
【详解】句意：传统的中药在国内外受到欢迎。由句意及语境可知，本题考查地点副词，abrad在国外，副词。故填abrad。
43．praise
【详解】句意：电影《流浪地球2》赢得了公众的高度赞誉。“赞扬”praise，在high之后作不可数名词。故填praise。
44．smth
【详解】句意：我们的人生道路并不总是一帆风顺的，所以我们应该学会处理各种困难。smth“平坦的”，形容词作表语。故填smth。
45．secnd
【详解】句意：腾飞，被称为第二个袁隆平，在世界上最贫穷的土地上成功种植水稻，震惊了世界。secng“第二”，序数词，表示顺序。故填secnd。
46．unlucky
【详解】句意：李军很不幸因为他的车昨天坏了。lucky“幸运的”，形容词；由“his car brke dwn yesterday”可知，应该是不幸的，lucky的反义词是unlucky“不幸的”。故填unlucky。
47．wrking
【详解】句意：汤姆盼望着和新经理一起工作。lk frward t ding sth“盼望着做某事”，是固定短语，空处用ding形式，故填wrking。
48．clearly
【详解】句意：有了双筒望远镜，观测者可以更清楚地看到月亮。clear“清楚的”，是形容词，修饰动词watch，用副词，故填clearly。
49．stay
【详解】句意：他宁愿待在家里照顾他生病的爷爷。stay“停留，待”，动词；wuld rather d sth.“宁愿做某事”，此空应填动词原形。故填stay。
50．minutes’
【详解】句意：从我家到学校步行大约20分钟。所以我不需要每天坐公交车。此空修饰名词walk，且根据“20”可知，此空应填名词复数形式所有格，故填minutes’。
51．indeed 52．awful 53．enemies 54．nly 55．at a time
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些有趣的关于海马的事实。
51．句意：虽然它们看起来一点也不像鱼，但它们确实是鱼。“Thugh they lk nthing like fish”表示让步，由此可推出虽然看起来不像鱼，但确实是鱼，indeed“的确”。故填indeed。
52．句意：它们游泳游得很糟糕。根据“In fact, they are the slwest mving fish in the cean and swim abut 5 feet per hur.”可知游得非常慢，是糟糕的游泳者，awful“糟糕的”。故填awful。
53．句意：海马通过改变颜色使其看起来像周围的东西来躲避敌人。根据“by changing clurs t lk like the things arund them”可知变成和周围很像的颜色来躲避敌人，enemies“敌人”。故填enemies。
54．句意：雄性海马是唯一可以分娩的雄性动物！根据“male animals that can give birth”可推出是唯一可以分娩的雄性动物，nly“唯一的”。故填nly。
55．句意：两到四周后，它一次能产下100到1000个婴儿。根据“it gives birth t 100 t 1,000 babies ...”可推出是一次产下100到1000个小海马，at a time“一次”。故填at a time。
56．gift/talent/lve 57．best 58．unknwn 59．treated 60．black 61．return 62．succeeded 63．right 64．named 65．satisfied/pleased
【导语】本文主要介绍了约翰逊夫人的经历，虽然是黑人女性，她打破了性别和肤色歧视，在美国宇航局从事研究，做出巨大的贡献。
56．根据“Brn in White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia, in 1918, Mrs. Jhnsn shwed great talent fr numbers at an early age which made her ahead several grades in schl.”可知，由于“她的数学天赋”或“对数学的热爱，她比别人更早上学，gift/talent“天赋”，lve“喜爱”，故填gift/talent/lve。
57．根据“At 18, she entered the cllege and graduated with highest grades in 1937”可知，虽然她在那所大学只学习了一年，但她的成绩是最好的，故填best。
58．根据“Yet thrughut Mrs. Jhnsn’s 33 years in NASA and fr a perid f ten years afterwards, almst n ne knew her name”可知，她在美国国家航空航天局工作了33年，但并不为人所知，unknwn“未知的”，故填unknwn。
59．根据第四段以及右边表格“Mrs. Jhnsn was nt nly female but als”可知，介绍的是她被不平等对待的原因，故填treated。
60．根据“But it was nt nly her sex that kept her lng unimprtant. Fr sme years at midcentury, the black wmen were influenced by a duble segregatin”可知，因为性别是黑人而被歧视，故填black。
61．根据“wrked ut the exact track that wuld let Apll 11 land n the mn in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrng’s histry—making mnwalk, let it cme back t Earth”可知，此处指返回地球，cme back=return，let sth d sth“让某物做某事”，此空应填动词原形，故填return。
62．根据“Mrs. Jhnsn brke barriers(屏障) at NASA. In ld age, Mrs. Jhnsn became the mst celebrated f black wmen wh served as mathematicians fr the space agency”可知，她成功地打破了种族隔离的障碍，succeed in ding sth“成功做某事”，描述过去发生的事情，动词用过去式，故填succeeded。
63．“even as she made huge steps that als pened drs fr wmen and peple f clur t explre space”可知，她帮助女性和有色人种获得了太空探索的权利，right“权力”，have a right t d sth“有权利做某事”，故填right。
64．根据“In 2017, NASA named a building after her”可知，美国宇航局以她的名字命名了一座建筑，主语a building与name之间是被动关系，所以此空应填过去分词与was构成一般过去时被动语态，故填named。
65．根据“That year, the Washingtn Pst described her as “the mst high-prfile f the cmputers”—“cmputers” being the term at first used t describe Mrs. Jhnsn and her wrkmates”以及“As Mrs. Jhnsn herself liked saying, her term at Langley—frm 1953 until her retirement in 1986—was ‘a time when cmputers wre skirts.’”可知，《华盛顿邮报》称她和她的团队为“电脑”，这让她非常满意，satisfied/pleased“满意的”，故填satisfied/pleased。
66．(w)ay 67．(w)riter 68．(t)ranslate 69．(e)ven 70．(p)pular 71．(r)esults 72．(a)dvice 73．(m)atters/(m)eanings 74．(p)rvide 75．(d)angerus/(d)ark
【导语】本文主要介绍了机器人ChatGPT。
66．句意：仅仅一秒钟后，你就会看到一只名叫Max的猫的故事，他克服重重困难，在星空中唱歌。根据“wh clawed (爬) his…past many…”可知此处是指Max爬行，前进的方式，结合首字母提示可联想到名词way“方式”。故填(w)ay。
67．句意：这个机器人作家是真的。根据前文“…ask the rbt t write…”可知这是个机器人作家，结合首字母w可知应该writer“作家”，名词作主语。故填(w)riter。
68．句意：它可以翻译，与人交谈，写歌，作诗，甚至编笑话。根据空格后“languages”以及结合语境可知此处是指ChatGPT可以翻译，根据首字母t可知应该是translate“翻译”，情态动词can接动词原形。故填(t)ranslate。
69．句意：它可以翻译，与人交谈，写歌，作诗，甚至编笑话。根据“…write sngs, pems and… jkes”以及首字母提示可知此处是指ChatGPT甚至能编笑话，所以使用单词even“甚至”。故填(e)ven。
70．句意：它是最受欢迎的人工智能之一，具有真人的完整写作范围！根据“It’s ne f the mst…AI f its kind”并结合首字母提示可知此处表示它是最受欢迎的人工智能之一，ppular“受欢迎的”，形容词，符合题意。故填(p)pular。
71．句意：世界各地的人们都尝试了ChatGPT，并在社交媒体上发布了他们的结果。根据“Peple arund the wrld have tried ChatGPT and psted their…n scial media”可知此处是指发表结果，根据首字母r可知应该是result“结果”，their接可数名词的复数形式，故填(r)esults。
72．句意：据《大西洋月刊》报道，一些人用它来写历史论文，一些人要求它做演讲笔记，还有一些人甚至得到了如何在派对上与人互动的建议。根据“sme even gt…n hw t interact with peple at a party”以及首字母提示可知此处应该是advice“建议”，为不可数名词。故填(a)dvice。
73．句意：ChatGPT的强大之处在于它的速度和对困难问题/含义的理解。根据“The pwer f ChatGPT lies in its speed and understanding f difficult”可知此处是指ChatGPT可以理解一些比较困难的事情，结合首字母提示可联想到名词matter“问题，事情”和名词meaning“含义，意思”，都符合题意，此处使用名词的复数形式表示泛指。故填(m)atters/(m)eanings。
74．句意：但是ChatGPT可以在几秒钟内提供一篇好文章。根据“But ChatGPT can…a well-written…”以及首字母提示可知此处应该是prvide“提供”，情态动词can接动词原形。故填(p)rvide。
75．句意：它的另一个好处是，如果你问危险的/阴暗的、有害的问题，比如如何制造武器，它会拒绝给你答案。根据“Anther gd thing abut it is that if yu ask…harmful questins, such as hw t make weapns”可知此处是指不好的问题，再结合首字母提示可联想到形容词danger“危险的”和形容词dark“阴暗的”，都符合题意，故填(d)angerus/(d)ark。
76．例文：
Dear Eric,
I’m glad t receive yur email. Nw, I’m writing t tell yu abut my thughts.
First, it’s brave f yu t try ut fr the perfrmance during yur drama festival.
Althugh yu haven’t gt the rle yu wanted, it’s still a gd chance fr yu t imprve yur acting skills and cnfidence. In fact, the rle withut any dialgue may be mre challenging because yu will have t use mre bdy languages t express yurself. S dn’t give up the chance.
What’s mre, practice hard in rder t have a gd perfrmance. Practice makes perfect.
Wish yu gd luck and lk frward t yur wnderful perfrmance!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一封电子邮件；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时和一般将来时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，学生应注意不要遗漏Eric的邮件中的关键信息，针对朋友参加戏剧节选拔而提出的想法和建议。适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表达很开心收到朋友的电子邮件，并要表达自己的想法。
第二步，夸赞朋友勇于参加戏剧节的选拔，讲述要参加没有对话的角色的理由，鼓励朋友熟能生巧。
第三步，书写结束语。表达“祝愿朋友表演成功”的想法。
[亮点词汇]
①try ut fr the perfrmance参加……的选拔
②in fact事实上
③give up放弃
④in rder t为了
[高分句型]
①I’m glad t receive yur email.（be glad t d sth.句型）
②First, it’s brave f yu t try ut fr the perfrmance during yur drama festival.（It is +形容词+f sb. t d sth.该句型常用描述人物特征的形容词）
③Practice makes perfect.（谚语）