湖南省长沙市南雅中学2023-2024学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题（学生版+教师版）

这是一份湖南省长沙市南雅中学2023-2024学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题（学生版+教师版），文件包含湖南省长沙市南雅中学2023-2024学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题教师版docx、湖南省长沙市南雅中学2023-2024学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Wh is mst prbably Esther?
A. A directr. B. A reprter. C. A ballet dancer.
2. What did Sarah emphasize just nw?
A. Teamwrk. B. Respnsibility. C. Creative thinking.
3. What des the wman think f the weather?
A. It’s very warm. B. It’s pretty ht. C. It’s super cld.
4 What des Greg ask Chle t d?
A. Draw up a ntice. B. Send an applicatin. C. View an advertisement.
5. What is the cnversatin mainly abut?
A. A charity event. B. A vlunteer. C. A restaurant.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What will the man prbably be ding at 10: 00 a. m. tmrrw?
A. Having a meal with Ms. Carey.
B. Talking abut marketing strategies.
C. Attending a budget review meeting.
7. When is tmrrw’s cnference call scheduled fr?
A. 5: 30 p. m. B. 4: 30 p. m. C. 3: 00 p. m.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. Fellw passengers. C. Air hstess and passenger.
9. Why des the man g t France?
A. Fr sightseeing. B. Fr shpping. C. Fr business.
10. Where des the wman cme frm?
A. The Netherlands. B. Britain. C. Thailand.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What des Dylan Warren say abut the car?
A. Its scratch was frm a serius accident.
B. Its air cnditining system is new.
C. It has run mre than 40,000 miles.
12. What is Jessica James dissatisfied with abut the car?
A. The engine. B. The brakes. C. The suspensins.
13. Hw much des Dylan Warren want t sell the car fr?
A. $ 5,500. B. $ 6,000. C. $ 6,500.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Which f the fllwing appeals t the wman mst?
A. Shalin kung fu. B. Wing Chun. C. Tai chi.
15. What des the man appreciate abut drunken bxing?
A. Its health benefits. B. Its interesting effects. C. Its graceful mvements.
16. What d the speakers talk abut in the end?
A. The significance f Chinese martial arts.
B. The new cncept f Chinese philsphy.
C. Different frms f self-defense.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What des Debra Rsenthal teach?
A. Climate Change: Glbal Impacts.
B. Envirnmental Literature.
C. Organic Chemistry.
18. Why was Isidra Djuki c initially unsure abut the idea f the bard game?
A. She didn’t enjy playing bard games.
B. She dubted its effectiveness in learning.
C. She preferred traditinal classrm discussins.
19. Hw des the bard game “Slutins” differ frm “Mnply”?
A. The players in “Slutins” wrk twards a cmmn gal.
B. The aim f “Slutins” is t cmpete against ther players.
C. The game “Slutins” includes cllecting recyclable materials.
20. What d we knw abut the bard game “Slutins”?
A. It needs t be played with six cpies at the same time.
B. It ften invlves vtes t make a decisin.
C. It requires students t measure the temperature.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Here are fur universities in Germany that ffer free tuitin fr their students.
Technical University f Munich (TUM)
This university is the best technical university in Germany. It was established in 1868 by King Ludwig II. The university was renamed Technische Universitat Munchen in 1970. Its alumni(校友) included several Nbel Prize winners, including Knrad Emil Blch fr Medicine r Physilgy and Rbert Huber fr Chemistry. This free university ffers undergraduate degrees in Aerspace Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Envirnmental Engineering, Infrmatin Science, Nuclear Technlgy, and Agricultural Sciences and thers.
Munich University f Applied Sciences (MUAS)
Established in 1971, it is the largest university f applied sciences in Bavaria, and the secnd largest in Germany. It was established fllwing the merger(合并) f seven clleges f higher educatin. It ffers a variety f bachelr’s and master’s degrees in different subjects. It hlds partnerships with mre than 200 universities acrss Eurpe, Nrth and Suth America, and Asia. Apprximately 13% f its students cme frm abrad.
Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU)
LMU, funded in 1472, is a renwned Eurpean university knwn fr its academics and research, As a tp Eurpean research university, LM cvers many subjects, including humanities, law, ecnmics, medicine, and natural sciences. LMU has 18 faculties and an excellent library system. They emphasize creative thinking, prblem - slving, and research in their academic prgrams.
Academy f Media Arts Clgne( KHM)
The Academy was funded in 1990, als knwn as KHM in German. It is a public academic institutin that ffers a special and unique cncept f study: instead f separating the field s f film, televisin, art, design and thery, they are integrated int a single curse f study leading t a diplma in Audivisual Media. It is hme t ver 400 students, with nearly 50% internatinal students.
1. What d we knw abut Munich University f Applied Sciences?
A. It is the biggest university in Germany.
B. It was frmed by cmbining several clleges.
C. It wns an excellent library system.
D. It has sme Nbel Prize winners in its histry.
2. Which university has the lngest histry?
A. TUM.B. LMU.C. KHM.D. MUAS.
3. What makes the Academy f Media Arts Clgne stand ut?
A. It was funded by a king.B. It is a private academy.
C. It has fewer internatinal students.D. It nly prvides ne prgram.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四所位于慕尼黑的大学。它们的共同特点是免收学费。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Munich University f Applied Sciences(MUAS)部分“It was established fllwing the merger(合并) f seven clleges f higher educatin.( 它是由七所高等教育学院合并而成的。)”可知，该大学由七所高校合并而成。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ludwig Maximilian University(LMU)部分“LMU, funded in 1472”可知，该校建于1472年。结合其他三所大学的建立时间可知，Ludwig Maximilian University 是四所大学中历史最悠久的。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Academy f Media Arts Clgne(KHM)的“It is a public academic institutin that ffers a special and unique cncept f study: instead f separating the field s f film, televisin, art, design and thery, they are integrated int a single curse f study leading t a diplma in Audivisual Media.( 这是一所公立学术机构，提供了一种特殊而独特的学习理念:不是将电影，电视，艺术，设计和理论领域分开，而是将它们整合到一个单一的学习课程中，从而获得视听媒体文凭。)”可知，KHM提供了一个特殊而独特的学习概念没有将电影、电视、艺术、设计和理论领域分开，而是将它们整合到一个单一的学习课程中，从而获得视听媒体文凭。故选D。
B
There can be n dubt that Stephen King, New Yrk Time’s Best-Selling authr, has fund success in many aspects, but it wasn’t always like this. King witnessed tragedy and hrrrs frm the very beginning. When he was 2 years ld, his father tld his mm that he was ging ut t get cigarettes but in fact, he never came back, he had abandned his family.
This left his mther Ruth t care fr Stephen and his elder brther David n her wn. Ruth was frced t mve ften, desperately lking fr wrk as she was nw the nly prvider f the family, and she had t rely n relatives mst f the time. One day Stephen went ut t play with friends and when he came back, he wasn’t even able t speak a single wrd, it seemed he was hurt mentally r smething, but he still gt the curage t cntinue frward. It turned ut that ne f his friends was hit by a train and died, which left an emtinal scar n him.
King, later n, drpped ut f schl due t sme serius health cncerns and was tld that he had t enlist (入伍) again the next fall, which demtivated him t. Althugh Stephen King didn’t see his childhd as smething extrardinary r special, he did say that he was always fascinated by scary things. Peple used t acknwledge the King family by their lve f literature, in fact whenever Stephen’s mm had t g ut, she didn’t hire a babysitter, fr the kids used t read nvels t each ther s they wuld nt get bred. Stephen King’s lve f stries was develped frm a very yung age and he carried that traditin with his wn children alng with his wife Tabitha.
In 1973, Stephen King started his amazing jurney f success when he published his first nvel Carrie, which is scary. The rest fllwed frm after that as he published many amazing bks like The Shining, IT, Firestarter, and Cuj. All f these bks became instant classics and gt their wn mvie and televisin shws adaptins.
4. What is mainly talked abut abut Stephen King in the first tw paragraphs?
A. His achievements in writing.B. His unfrtunate childhd.
C. His difficulty in supprting the family.D. His mther’s bitter experiences.
5. What left Stephen King nt even speaking a single wrd?
A. He was kncked dwn by a passing train.B. He was badly criticized by a clse friend.
C. He was depressed by the cnstant mves.D. He was heart-struck by a terrible accident.
6. What des the underlined wrd “demtivated” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Discuraged.B. Relaxed.C. Embarrassed.D. Inspired.
7. Why didn’t Stephen’s mm hire a babysitter?
A. The family was t pr t hire a babysitter.B. The family culd nt find a prper babysitter.
C. The children culd actually entertain themselves.D. The children didn’t like t be cared fr by thers.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了知名作家斯蒂芬·金从悲惨的童年到成为畅销书作家的人生经历，探讨了家庭困境、个人挑战及其对恐怖故事的热爱。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“There can be n dubt that Stephen King, New Yrk Time’s Best-Selling authr, has fund success in many aspects, but it wasn’t always like this. King witnessed tragedy and hrrrs frm the very beginning. When he was 2 years ld, his father tld his mm that he was ging ut t get cigarettes but in fact, he never came back, he had abandned his family.(毫无疑问，《纽约时报》畅销书作家斯蒂芬·金在很多方面都取得了成功，但并不总是这样。金从一开始就目睹了悲剧和恐怖。当他两岁时候，他的父亲告诉他妈妈他要出去买烟，但事实上，他再也没有回来，他抛弃了他的家庭)”以及第二段“This left his mther Ruth t care fr Stephen and his elder brther David n her wn. Ruth was frced t mve ften, desperately lking fr wrk as she was nw the nly prvider f the family, and she had t rely n relatives mst f the time. One day Stephen went ut t play with friends and when he came back, he wasn’t even able t speak a single wrd, it seemed he was hurt mentally r smething, but he still gt the curage t cntinue frward. It turned ut that ne f his friends was hit by a train and died, which left an emtinal scar n him.(这让他的母亲Ruth独自照顾斯蒂芬和他的哥哥大卫。Ruth被迫经常搬家，拼命地找工作，因为她现在是家里唯一的经济来源，她大部分时间都得依靠亲戚。有一天，斯蒂芬和朋友们出去玩，当他回来的时候，他甚至不能说一个字，似乎他精神上受伤了还是怎么的，但他仍然有勇气继续前进。原来，他的一个朋友被火车撞死了，这给他留下了情感上的伤疤)”可知，前面两段主要描述了Stephen King的悲惨的童年时期，包括他父亲的离开，他母亲独自抚养他和他哥哥的困难，以及他目睹朋友遭遇致命事故的心理创伤。这些都直接反映了他不幸的童年经历。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“One day Stephen went ut t play with friends and when he came back, he wasn’t even able t speak a single wrd, it seemed he was hurt mentally r smething, but he still gt the curage t cntinue frward. It turned ut that ne f his friends was hit by a train and died, which left an emtinal scar n him.(有一天，斯蒂芬和朋友们出去玩，当他回来的时候，他甚至不能说一个字，似乎他精神上受伤了还是怎么的，但他仍然有勇气继续前进。原来，他的一个朋友被火车撞死了，这给他留下了情感上的伤疤)”可知，Stephen因为一位朋友被火车撞击致死的事故深受打击，导致他一时无法言语。故选D。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“King, later n, drpped ut f schl due t sme serius health cncerns and was tld that he had t enlist (入伍) again the next fall,(后来，金因为一些严重的健康问题而辍学，并被告知他必须在第二年秋天再次入伍)”可知，金后来因为一些严重的健康问题而辍学，这是一件令人泄气的事，所以demtivated意为Discuraged“使泄气”之意。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Peple used t acknwledge the King family by their lve f literature, in fact whenever Stephen’s mm used t g ut, she didn’t hire a babysitter, fr the kids used t read nvels t each ther s they wuld nt get bred.(人们过去常常以他们对文学的热爱来认可金一家，事实上，每当斯蒂芬的妈妈出去时，她都不会雇保姆，因为孩子们过去常常互相读小说，这样他们就不会感到无聊)”可知，孩子们通过阅读相互陪伴，所以不需要额外雇用保姆。故选C。
C
On December 16, 2023, the first sectin f Maya Train fficially pened, which runs between Campeche and Cancún, carrying up t 231 passengers acrss 290 miles and stpping at 14 train statins.
Built as an ambitius effrt t prmte turism and bst Mexic’s ecnmy, the rail system cnnects the majr cities and turist regins f the Yucatán Peninsula —frm Cancún’s beaches t Tulum’s archaelgical wnders. Once the prject is cmpleted, the entire rail system will link turist destinatins acrss five states. Hwever, envirnmentalists and archaelgists argue that the train rute will cause great damage t the envirnment-and ancient Mayan sites.
The Maya Train passes thrugh six UNESCO Wrld Heritage sites and thusands f archaelgical sites. One particular area f cncern is the Calakmul bisphere reserve, which is hme t many endangered species, such as jaguars and ver 500 ther animal species. The train lines, mre than 60 meters wide, culd act as artificial barriers that may limit the mvement f these animals within the reserve making it difficult fr them t mve arund and access fd and water surces.
Oppnents als express safety cncerns. Certain sectins f the rail system will be built right n tp f the aquifer’s(含水层的) mst fragile pints f cntact with the surface. “It’s like wanting t build ver eggshells,” says Guillerm Christy, a water treatment cnsultant. “Putting trains weighing thusands f tns n tp culd cause the undergrund caves t crash dwn.” T cnstruct the train infrastructure als requires driving lng piles deep int the grund, which pses a big threat t this fragile ecsystem and leads t water shrtages.
In the nging debate f Maya Train, it is crucial t cnsider the delicate balance between ecnmic develpment and envirnmental preservatin. While Maya Train may prvide ecnmic benefits, we must nt verlk the ptential envirnmental and cultural lsses, as well as the safety risks it may bring. Achieving harmny between prgress and cnservatin may be a significant challenge fr the prject, but we must take int accunt the lng-term cnsequences f ur actins.
8. What d we knw abut the Maya Train prject?
A. It cnsumes lts f labr in Mexic.
B. It has cncerned sme prfessinals.
C. It was cmpleted n December 16,2023.
D. It blcks the develpment f lcal turism.
9. What effect d the train lines have n the animals in the reserve?
A. Restricting their activities.
B. Plluting their water surces.
C. Disturbing their sleeping patterns.
D. Attracting their enemies t the area.
10. Why des the authr mentin “eggshells” in Paragraph 4?
A. T shw the difficulty f cnstructing the rail lines.
B. T prve the urgency f prtectıng the fragile ecsystem.
C. T explain the reasns fr water shrtages alng the railway.
D. T stress Maya Train’s ptential harm t the aquifer system.
11. Which statement wuld the authr prbably agree with?
A. Preserving cultural sites requires strng financial supprt.
B. It is time t speed up the cn tructin prcess f Maya Train.
C. We shuld value the ecnmic benefits f the prject in the lng run.
D. Ecnmic develpment shuld nt cme at the cst f the envirnment.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章谈论了玛雅火车项目对环境和遗迹的破坏。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Once the prject is cmpleted, the entire rail system will link turist destinatins acrss five states. Hwever, envirnmentalists and archaelgists argue that the train rute will cause great damage t the envirnment-and ancient Mayan sites. (一旦项目完成，整个铁路系统将连接五个州的旅游目的地。然而，环保主义者和考古学家认为，这条铁路线将对环境和古玛雅遗址造成巨大破坏。)”可知，玛雅火车项目引起了一些专业人士的担忧。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The train lines, mre than 60 meters wide, culd act as artificial barriers that may limit the mvement f these animals within the reserve making it difficult fr them t mve arund and access fd and water surces.(这些超过60米宽的火车线可以作为人工屏障，限制这些动物在保护区内的活动，使它们难以四处走动，也难以获得食物和水源。)”可知，铁路限制了保护区的动物活动。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘It’s like wanting t build ver eggshells,’ says Guillerm Christy, a water treatment cnsultant. ‘Putting trains weighing thusands f tns n tp culd cause the undergrund caves t crash dwn.’ T cnstruct the train infrastructure als requires driving lng piles deep int the grund, which pses a big threat t this fragile ecsystem and leads t water shrtages. (‘这就像想在蛋壳上盖房子一样，’水处理顾问Guillerm Christy说。‘把数千吨重的火车放在上面可能会导致地下洞穴坍塌。’建设铁路基础设施还需要将长桩深入地下，这对脆弱的生态系统构成了巨大威胁，并导致水资源短缺。)”可知，本段提到“蛋壳”是强调玛雅火车对含水层系统的潜在危害。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the nging debate f Maya Train, it is crucial t cnsider the delicate balance between ecnmic develpment and envirnmental preservatin. While Maya Train may prvide ecnmic benefits, we must nt verlk the ptential envirnmental and cultural lsses, as well as the safety risks it may bring. Achieving harmny between prgress and cnservatin may be a significant challenge fr the prject, but we must take int accunt the lng-term cnsequences f ur actins. (在正在进行的关于玛雅火车的辩论中，考虑经济发展和环境保护之间的微妙平衡是至关重要的。虽然玛雅火车可能提供经济效益，但我们不能忽视潜在的环境和文化损失，以及它可能带来的安全风险。实现进步和保护之间的和谐可能是该项目面临的重大挑战，但我们必须考虑到我们行动的长期后果。)”可知，作者认为经济发展不应该以牺牲环境为代价。故选D项。
D
Zlgists studied the nervus systems f insects t investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin and pssible effects n machine learning and artificial intelligence. Specifically, they analysed hw insects learn t assciate sensry infrmatin in their envirnment with a fd reward, and hw they can recall this infrmatin later in rder t slve cmplex tasks such as the search fr fd.
Living rganisms shw remarkable abilities in cping with prblems psed by cmplex and dynamic envirnments. They are able t generalize their experiences in rder t rapidly adapt their behaviur when the envirnment changes. The zlgists investigated hw the nervus system f the fruit fly cntrls its behaviur when searching fr fd.
Using a cmputer mdel, they simulated and analysed the cmputatins in the fruit fly’s nervus system in respnse t scents (气味) cming frm the fd surce. They initially trained their mdel f the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulatin tgether with a reward and a secnd scent withut a reward.
“The mdel rapidly learns a strng representatin f the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentatins and is then able t find the surce f this scent in a cmplex envirnment,” said cmputer scientist Dr Hannes Rapp, wh created the mdel.
The mdel created is thus capable t generalize frm its memry and t apply what it has learned previusly in a cmpletely new and cmplex envirnment, while learning required nly a very small database f training samples.
The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks.
12. What is the ultimate aim f the research?
A. T investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin.
B. T slve prblems in simulated cmplex envirnments.
C. T analyse hw insects search fr fd in cmplex envirnment.
D. T prmte machine learning and AI applicatins.
13. Hw did zlgists mainly carry ut their research?
A. By bserving fruit flies.B. By perfrming lab experiments.
C. By using a cmputer mdel.D. By carrying ut field research.
14. What is mainly discussed abut the study in paragraphs 3-5?
A. Its findings.B. Its prcess.C. Its imprtance.D. Its applicatin.
15. What des the result f this study imply?
A. Artificial intelligence is applied t the study f insect brain.
B. Fd reward is cnnected with infrmatin transfrmatin.
C. Sensry infrmatin can be applied t slving cmplex tasks.
D. Studying living rganisms can make a difference t AI research.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍动物学家通过研究证明感官信息可以促进机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂问题中的作用。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Zlgists studied the nervus systems f insects t investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin and pssible effects n machine learning and artificial intelligence.（动物学家研究昆虫的神经系统，其目的是研究生物大脑计算的原理，以及对机器学习和人工智能可能产生的影响）”和最后一段的“The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks.（研究结果表明，将感官信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激发未来机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂任务中的应用）”推知，该研究的最终目的是促进机器学习和人工智能的应用。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Using a cmputer mdel, they simulated and analysed the cmputatins in the fruit fly’s nervus system in respnse t scents (气味) cming frm the fd surce. （利用一个计算机模型，他们模拟并分析了果蝇神经系统对来自食物来源的气味的反应）”可知，动物学家通过使用一个计算机模型来进行研究。故选C。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段的“They initially trained their mdel f the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulatin tgether with a reward and a secnd scent withut a reward.（他们最初训练果蝇大脑模型的方式与在实验中训练昆虫的方式完全相同。他们在模拟实验中展示了一种特定的气味和一种奖励，以及一种没有奖励的气味）”，第四段的“The mdel rapidly learns a strng representatin f the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentatins and is then able t find the surce f this scent in a cmplex envirnment（这个模型只需展示几次气味，就能迅速学会对受奖励气味的强烈表达，然后就能在复杂的环境中找到这种气味的来源）”和第五段的“The mdel created is thus capable t generalize frm its memry and t apply what it has learned previusly in a cmpletely new and cmplex envirnment（因此，所创建的模型能够从其记忆中进行概括，并在一个全新复杂的环境中应用之前所学到的知识）”可知，3-5段主要介绍了实验的过程，包括实验初、实验中和实验得到的结果。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks.（研究结果表明，将感官信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激发未来机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂任务中的应用）”推知，感官信息可以用来解决复杂的任务。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Educatin is a self-enlightening prcess. It is an imprtant part f life.
____16____ The first thing that strikes me abut educatin is knwledge gain. Educatin gives us knwledge f the wrld arund us. It develps in us a perspective f lking at life. It helps us build pinins and have pints f view n things in life. Educatin makes us capable f explaining things rightly. It is nt just abut lessns in textbks. ____17____
Educatin is imprtant als because it equips us with all that is needed t make ur dreams cme true. It pens drs t brilliant career pprtunities. ____18____ We are weighed in the market n the basis f ur educatinal skills and hw well we can apply them.
____19____ It wipes ut all the wrng beliefs in ur minds. It helps create a clear picture f everything arund us and we n lnger remain in cnfusin abut the things we learn. It can lead us t enlightenment. It is educatin that builds in every individual the cnfidence t make decisins, t face life and t accept success and failure.
Fr the prgress f a natin, fr the enrichment f sciety in general, educatin is necessary and imprtant. A cuntry’s literate ppulatin is its asset(有利条件). The number f institutes ffering vcatinal curses and clleges ffering nline educatin is increasing by the day.
Well, schls, clleges and ther such educatinal institutes define the basic framewrk f educatin. But educatin des nt end here. ____20____ Self-learning begins at a pint where institutinal educatin ends. The prcess f self-learning cntinues.
A Educatin is essential as it paves the path leading t disillusinment(醒悟).
B. Why is educatin s imprtant?
C. It is a lifelng prcess.
D. Hw can peple get educatin?
E. It brings better prspects in career and grwth.
F. It is abut the lessns f life.
G. It ends when ur career begins.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了教育是一个自我启发的过程，它是生活的重要组成部分，并介绍了教育给人们带来的好处以及教育的必要性和重要性。
【16题详解】
上文“It is an imprtant part f life. (它是生活的重要组成部分。)”说明教育是非常重要的，选项B“为什么教育如此重要？”承接上文，提出为什么它如此重要的问题，引出下文“The first thing that strikes me abut educatin is knwledge gain. (教育给我的第一印象是知识的获取。)”解释回答问题。故选B项。
【17题详解】
上文“Educatin makes us capable f explaining things rightly. It is nt just abut lessns in textbks.(教育使我们能够正确地解释事物。它不仅仅是课本上的课程。)”说明，教育不仅仅是课本上课程，选项C“它是一个终生的过程。”承接上文，对上文进行补充说明。故选C项。
【18题详解】
上文“Educatin is imprtant als because it equips us with all that is needed t make ur dreams cme true. It pens drs t brilliant career pprtunities. (教育之所以重要，也是因为它为我们提供了实现梦想所需的一切。它为我们打开了通往辉煌职业机会的大门。)”说明，教育能使我们实现梦想并从事辉煌职业，选项E“它带来了更好的职业和成长前景。”承接上文，进一步说明了教育能带来更好的职业。上文中career pprtunities和选项中career语义相关，故选E项。
【19题详解】
下文“It wipes ut all the wrng beliefs in ur minds. It helps create a clear picture f everything arund us and we n lnger remain in cnfusin abut the things we learn. It can lead us t enlightenment. It is educatin that builds in every individual the cnfidence t make decisins, t face life and t accept success and failure.(它消除了我们头脑中所有错误的信念。它有助于清晰地描绘我们周围的一切，我们不再对所学的东西感到困惑。它可以引导我们走向启蒙。正是教育让每个人都有信心做出决定，面对生活，接受成功和失败。)”阐述了教育的必要性，选项A“教育是完全必要的，因为它铺平了通向醒悟的道路。”概括说明了本段内容。故选A项。
【20题详解】
上文“Well, schls, clleges and ther such educatinal institutes define the basic framewrk f educatin. But educatin des nt end here.(学校、学院和其他这样的教育机构定义了教育的基本框架。但教育并没有结束。)”说明教育虽然有了基本框架，但教育没有结束。选项D“人们如何接受教育？”承接上文，提出如何接受教育的问题，引出下文“Self-learning begins at a pint where institutinal educatin ends. The prcess f self-learning cntinues.(自我教育从机构教育结束的时候开始。自我学习的过程还在继续)”对问题进行解释回答，强调自我学习。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Histry’s first empire rse ut f a ht, dry landscape, withut rainfall fr crps, withut trees r stnes fr building. In spite f all this, its peple built the wrld’s first cities, with mnumental architecture and large ppulatins — and they built them ___21___ ut f mud.
Sumer ___22___ the suthern part f mdern Iraq in the regin called Mesptamia. Mesptamia means “between tw rivers” — the Tigris and the Euphrates. Arund 5000 BCE, early Sumerians used channels and dams t ___23___ river water and farm large areas f previusly ___24___ land. Agricultural cmmunities like this were slwly ___25___ in Mesptamia.
But Sumerians were the first t take the ___26___ step. Using ___27___ made frm river mud, they began t build multi-stried hmes and temples. Thse clay bricks gave rise t the wrld’s first ___28___, like Uruk, Ur, and Eridu, prbably arund 4500 BCE.
The Sumerians created the first ___29___ system, designed t teach the ability f writing. In the schls, peple studied frm dawn t dusk, frm _____30_____ well int adulthd. They _____31_____ accunting, mathematics, and cpied wrks f literature.
But by the third millennium (千年) BCE, Sumer was n lnger the _____32_____ empire arund, r even in Mesptamia. Waves f nmadic (游牧) tribes pured int the _____33_____ frm the nrth and east. In 2300 BCE, the Sumerian Empire was cnquered and _____34_____.
Afterward, Sumer disappeared back int the desert dirt, nt t be _____35_____ until the 19th century.
21. A. permanentlyB. quicklyC. patientlyD. entirely
22. A. ccupiedB. destryedC. lstD. attacked
23. A. separateB. interruptC. redirectD. freeze
24. A. dryB. ryalC. awesmeD. rich
25. A. wearing dwnB. springing upC. rising upD. breaking dwn
26. A. nextB. lastC. slwD. same
27. A. equipmentB. basinsC. wallsD. bricks
28. A. emperrsB. universitiesC. citiesD. palaces
29. A. lawB. schlC. cnstructinD. labur
30. A. scietyB. childhdC. cmmunityD. parenthd
31. A. inventedB. dismissedC. learnedD. preserved
32. A. nlyB. safeC. weakD. reliable
33. A. reginB. centerC. riverD. farm
34. A. strengthenedB. savedC. surrundedD. verturned
35. A. rebuiltB. relcatedC. rediscveredD. reunited
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了历史上第一个帝国——苏美尔文明的兴起和衰落。文章讲述了苏美尔人如何在干旱的环境中，通过智慧和技术建立了世界上第一批城市，并创造了书写系统。然而，随着游牧部落的入侵，苏美尔帝国最终崩溃并被遗忘，直到19世纪才被重新发现。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，它的人民还是建造了世界上第一批城市，拥有宏伟的建筑和庞大的人口——而且他们完全是用泥土建造的。A. permanently永久地；B. quickly快速地；C. patiently耐心地；D. entirely完全地。根据上文“withut trees r stnes fr building”可知，没有树木和石头来建造房屋，所以他们的建筑完全是用泥土建造的。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏美尔占据了现在伊拉克南部的美索不达米亚地区。A. ccupied占据；B. destryed摧毁；C. lst丢失；D. attacked攻击。根据下文“the suthern part f mdern Iraq in the regin called Mesptamia”可知，苏美尔文明占据了美索不达米亚地区，这是它的发源地。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约在公元前5000年，早期的苏美尔人使用渠道和水坝来改变河水的方向，并在以前干旱的土地上种植大片土地。A. separate分开；B. interrupt打断；C. redirect重新定向，使改方向；D. freeze冻结。根据上文“used channels and dams”和下文“farm large areas f previusly ___4___ land”可推知，苏美尔人用渠道和水坝来改变河水的方向，达到灌溉和种植的目的。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大约在公元前5000年，早期的苏美尔人使用渠道和水坝来改变河水的方向，并在以前干旱的土地上种植大片土地。A. dry干旱的；B. ryal王室的；C. awesme令人敬畏的；D. rich富有的，丰富的。根据第一段中“Histry’s first empire rse ut f a ht, dry landscape, withut rainfall fr crps”可知，这原本是一片缺水干旱的土地，苏美尔人通过改变河水的方向对其进行了改造。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：像这样的农业社区在美索不达米亚慢慢出现。A. wearing dwn磨损；B. springing up突然生长或出现；C. rising up上升；D. breaking dwn崩溃，出故障。根据上文可知，苏美尔人用渠道和水坝来改变河水的方向，进而改造美索不达米亚平原，让其适合种植，所以很多的农业社区在美索不达米亚慢慢出现。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但苏美尔人率先迈出了下一步。A. next下一个；B. last最后的；C. slw慢的；D. same相同的。根据下文“Using ___7___ made frm river mud, they began t build multi-stried hmes and temples.”可知，苏美尔人开始修建多层住宅和寺庙，他们迈出了建造城市的下一步。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们开始用河泥做砖，建造多层房屋和寺庙。A. equipment设备；B. basins盆地；C. walls墙壁；D. bricks砖块。根据下文“frm river mud”和“Thse clay bricks”可知，他们把河泥做成砖块。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些粘土砖造就了世界上最早的城市，如乌鲁克、乌尔和埃利都，大约在公元前4500年左右。A. emperrs皇帝；B. universities大学；C. cities城市；D. palaces宫殿。根据下文“Uruk, Ur, and Eridu”可知，苏美尔人用粘土砖建造了很多城市。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：苏美尔人创造了第一个学校系统，旨在教授书写能力。A. law法律；B. schl学校；C. cnstructin建设；D. labur劳动。根据下文“designed t teach the ability f writing”可知，他们创造了学校系统，用于教授书写。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在学校里，人们从早到晚学习，从童年一直学习到成年。A. sciety社会；B. childhd童年；C. cmmunity社区；D. parenthd为人父母。结合下文“int adulthd”和常识可推知，教育是从童年到成年。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们学习会计、数学，并抄写文学作品。A. invented发明；B. dismissed解雇；C. learned学习；D. preserved保存。下文“accunting, mathematics, and cpied wrks f literature”是学习的内容。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但到了公元前三千年，苏美尔不再是周边地区，甚至是美索不达米亚地区唯一的帝国。A. nly仅有的；B. safe安全的；C. weak虚弱的；D. reliable可靠的。根据“Waves f nmadic (游牧) tribes pured int the ____13____ frm the nrth and east. In 2300 BCE, the Sumerian Empire was cnquered”可知，苏美尔周边出现了挑战者，它不再是唯一帝国。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一波又一波的游牧部落从北部和东部涌入该地区。A. regin地区；B. center中心；C. river河流；D. farm农场。根据下文“frm the nrth and east”可知，游牧部落从不同方向涌入美索不达米亚地区。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：公元前2300年，苏美尔帝国被征服并推翻。A. strengthened加强；B. saved拯救；C. surrunded包围；D. verturned推翻。根据上文“the Sumerian Empire was cnquered”和下文“Sumer disappeared back int the desert dirt”可知，苏美尔帝国被征服和推翻了。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：之后，苏美尔消失在沙漠的泥土中，直到19世纪才被重新发现。A. rebuilt重建；B. relcated重新安置；C. rediscvered重新发现；D. reunited重新团聚。根据下文“until the 19th century”可知，苏美尔文明只到19世纪才被重新发现。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shanghai Disney Resrt celebrated the ____36____ (ten) anniversary f its grundbreaking n Thursday, ____37____ President Je Schtt expressing great cnfidence in the resrt’s future. “We believe in the lng-term benefits f the China market. That’s ____38____ yu will see us cntinue t d,” Schtt says.
Since its pening, the Shanghai Disney Resrt ____39____ (set) many recrds, which include beating market ____40____ (expect) by welcming mre than 11 millin visitrs in its first year f peratins. The main features f the resrt saw rapid expansin f its peratins. The first majr expansin, Disney Pixar Ty Stry Land, pened n April 26, 2018, ____41____ (make) Shanghai Disneyland the fastest Disneyland in the wrld t expand after ____42____ (pen). The secnd majr expansin is the Ztpia themed land, ____43____ is currently under cnstructin. It is als the first-ever Ztpia themed land at any Disney park in the wrld.
He Jianmin, a prfessr at the Shanghai University f Finance and Ecnmics, says the resrt has made a psitive impact n the industry, imprving service quality ____44____ innvating turism prducts. Shanghai plans t duble the number f scenic spts and turism prjects with mre than 10 millin visits ____45____(annual) in 2025, as cmpared with last year. He hpes the Shanghai Disney Resrt culd be a new driver fr high-quality develpment f the turism industry.
【答案】36. tenth
37. with 38. what
39. has set
40. expectatins
41. making 42. pening##being pened
43. which 44. and
45. annually
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了上海迪士尼度假区的发展情况。
【36题详解】
考查序数词。句意：上海迪士尼度假区于周四庆祝了开业十周年，总裁薛逸骏先生表示对该度假区的未来充满信心。结合语意，表示“第十个周年纪念日”，空处应用序数词tenth，表示“第十”。故填tenth。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：上海迪士尼度假区于周四庆祝了开业十周年，总裁薛逸骏先生表示对该度假区的未来充满信心。分析句子，空处应用介词with，构成with的复合结构，在句中作伴随状语。故填with。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：你会看到我们继续这样做。分析句子，空处引导表语从句，连接词在从句中作d的宾语，表示“什么”，应用what引导从句。故填what。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：自开业以来，上海迪士尼度假区创造了许多记录，其中包括在开业第一年接待了1100多万游客，超过了市场预期。句中since表示“自从”，表示从开业到现在创造了许多记录，应用现在完成时，主语the Shanghai Disney Resrt是单数，谓语使用has set。故填has set。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：自开业以来，上海迪士尼度假区创造了许多记录，其中包括在开业第一年接待了1100多万游客，超过了市场预期。分析句子，空处应用名词expectatin，表示“期望”，作动词beat的宾语。故填expectatin。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：第一个大规模扩建项目，迪士尼皮克斯玩具总动员乐园于2018年4月26日开放，使上海迪士尼乐园成为开业后全球扩张速度最快的迪士尼乐园。分析句子，空处作非谓语动词，迪士尼皮克斯玩具总动员乐园开放，自然而然就使得上海迪士尼乐园成为开业后全球扩张速度最快的迪士尼乐园，所以空处应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填making。
【42题详解】
考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：第一个大规模扩建项目，迪士尼皮克斯玩具总动员乐园于2018年4月26日开放，使上海迪士尼乐园成为开业后全球扩张速度最快的迪士尼乐园。after是介词，表示“在……之后”，后边可接名词作宾语，pening是名词，表示“开放”，也可接动名词形式作宾语，pen与逻辑主语Shanghai Disneyland之间是被动关系，应用being pened。故填pening或being pened。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：第二个主要扩建项目是疯狂动物城主题公园，目前正在建设中。分析句子，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Ztpia themed land，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用which引导从句。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：上海财经大学何家敏教授说，度假村对该行业产生了积极影响，提高了服务质量，创新了旅游产品。结合语意，imprving service quality与innvating turism prducts并列，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：上海计划在2025年每年将风景名胜区和旅游项目数量翻一番，与去年相比，游客超过1000万人次。分析句子，空处修饰句子，应用副词形式作状语，annually是副词，表示“每年地”。故填annually。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，外籍心理学教授Mr Petersn正在做一个关于中学生学习压力现状的调查，作为调查对象，请你结合自身经历给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 原因及其影响；
2. 压力缓解方式。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr Petersn,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】参考范文：
Dear Mr. Petersn,
It is a cmmn phenmenn that mdern high schl students have stress. My pressure mainly cmes frm the pressure f study. Academic pressure is undubtedly the main surce f high schl students’ psychlgical pressure. After entering high schl, the study burden is increased, which is manifested as the increase f subjects, and the deepening f curse. In my pinin, students shuld knw themselves crrectly and set a gd psitin fr themselves. Students shuldn’t exceed their upper limit level, nr give up n themselves, and have the spirit f “persistence is victry”.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外籍心理学教授Mr Petersn写封邮件，说明中学生学习压力现状的原因及其影响和压力缓解方式。
【详解】1.词汇积累
压力：stress→pressure
主要地：mainly→chiefly
无疑：undubtedly→beynd dubt
在我看来：in my pinin→frm my pint f view
2句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Academic pressure is undubtedly the main surce f high schl students’ psychlgical pressure.
拓展句：There is n dubt that academic pressure is the main surce f high schl students’ psychlgical pressure.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It is a cmmn phenmenn that mdern high schl students have stress. (运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句)
[高分句型2] After entering high schl, the study burden is increased, which is manifested as the increase f subjects, and the deepening f curse. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Almst every childhd memry I have is centred n fd. Telling stries arund a crwded table at hliday dinners, the smell f rasting vegetables, the sensatin (感受) f heat cming frm the kitchen, all picture a familiar feeling f lve and cmfrt.
My favurite memry f all is f my grandparents making and baking bread tgether. T this day, I have never tasted bread that is as delicius as theirs. N ther laf has ever been made with that kind f pwerful, uncnditinal lve.
When ur sn Brian, ne f seventh graders, began t refuse usual cmmunicatin with me, I felt desperate. Hw I missed thse lvely ld days when he culdn’t wait t tell me his stries in kindergarten the mment I arrived hme withut getting changed! And there were als times when he brught lads f strybks t me and demanded t be tld all the stries befre ging t bed. But I didn’t knw since when everything changed. There was hardly any sharing abut his daily schl life with friends r any truble abut his schlwrk. Mst f the time, his bedrm dr was clsed. The cld silence between us seemed t warn me that lve between us began t fade.
At that time, like mst mthers, I culdn’t fcus n wrk and culdn’t sleep well. Why did things g ff track s much? Was it because my wrk tk away mst f my energy that family lve was taken fr granted? Was it because my nly precius spare time went t much t my tw-year-ld baby daughter that Brian’s need fr my cmpany was ignred? The mre I reflected, the mre I felt myself t blame and it was my respnsibility t find a way ut.
One day as my eyes landed nt the bread n the kitchen table, I was reminded f thse sweet childhd memries, “Culd fd help us make a change?” I wndered.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With an uneasy feeling, I decided t try.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mre than that, ne weekend evening, Brian ffered t help me in the kitchen.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】With an uneasy feeling, I decided t try. Just then it ccurred t me that several days befre Brian ever mentined that he lved the fried rice that I cked. After a shrt visit t the market, I began preparing the cking material. Althugh it seemed years that I last cked fried rice, it was still a piece f cake. when he gt hme frm schl, Brian was greeted by delicius fried rice n the table and a nte reading: frm yur Mum wh lve yu frever. He was surprised and gave me a hug saying:Thank yu,Mum. Althugh Brian still had his dr clsed everyday, I was greeted by mre brad smile every time he came back frm schl.
Mre than that, ne weekend evening, Brian ffered t help me in the kitchen. When we were preparing his favrite fried rice tgether, Brian came t me and lked at me in the eyes saying: “Mum, Althugh I made yu unhappy, I lve yu in my deep heart just as I lve fried rice”. I cried that night fr nearly half an hur because I gt by my Brian back again.
【解析】
【导语】本文以情感发展为线索，讲述了作者的儿子长大以后不像小时候那样和她分享快乐，深刻反思以后，决定从孩子爱吃的食物入手，重新找回自己与儿子之前的相处模式。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“带着一点不确定的感觉，我决定试一下。”可知，第一段可描写作者尝试做孩子最爱吃的饭，收获了孩子的微笑。
②由第二段首句内容“不止于此，一天晚上布莱恩主动提出到厨房帮忙。”可知，第二段可描写作者的儿子在厨房帮忙，像母亲表达了深深的爱意，母亲深受触动，终于找回了心中的儿子。
2.续写线索：决定试一下——购买食材——吃惊——露出笑容——主动帮忙——想妈妈表达爱——找回了心中的儿子——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①喜爱：lve/enjy/prefer
②短暂的：shrt/brief
③盯着：lk at/stare at
情绪类
①吃惊的：surprised /amazed
②不高兴的：unhappy / brken-hearted
【点睛】[高分句型1]Just then it ccurred t me that several days befre Brian ever mentined that he lved the fried rice that I cked..（使用了名词性从句）
[高分句型2]. Althugh it seemed years that I last cked fried rice, It was still a piece f cake.（使用了让步状语从句）
听力 1—5 ACCAA 6—10 BCBCA 11—15 CACC B 16—20 ABBAB