2024年北京市房山区高三下学期高考一模英语试卷含详解

这是一份2024年北京市房山区高三下学期高考一模英语试卷含详解，共28页。试卷主要包含了5 分，共 15 分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。

本试卷共12 页，100 分。考试时长90 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，满分30 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选 项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Emily Bhatnagar lives in Gaithersburg, Maryland. She has always lved ___1___. As a really shy girl, she always turned t bks, which srt f became her best friends when she didn’t have ne. In 2019, when her dad was diagnsed with cancer, it was a difficult time fr her family and bks became an even bigger ___2___. She started thinking abut peple in ___3___ situatins.
When her father recvered, she had verwhelming gratitude t the dctrs fr perfrming such a miracle, but als a hint f sadness abut kids wh were fighting the same battle. At that very mment, she came up with a plan. She wanted t d things fr the ___4___.
She started a bk drive called Fr Lve & Buttercup in her hmetwn. The gal was t ___5___ bks and give them t kids being treated fr cancer in lcal hspitals. At first, Emily had n idea hw much ___6___ her wrk wuld get. She started by psting n scial media, asking peple in her area t ___7___. She was expecting maybe tw r three ___8___ frm neighbrs, but it ended up blwing up, ___9___ when news statins began reprting it. Since the start f the bk drive, Emily has cllected mre than 10,000 bks.
Nw Emily cntinues t run the bk drive. She hpes t ___10___ the prject ne day t reach mre kids. The memry f the first time she visited children wh’d received her bks sticks with her. “It was the best day f my life,” she says. “I realized I wanted t d this type f wrk frever.”
1.
A. readingB. pstingC. drivingD. writing
2.
A. friendB. prjectC. guideD. cmfrt
3
A. severeB. similarC. simpleD. shcking
4.
A. hspitalsB. schlsC. neighburhdD. cmmittee
5.
A. purchaseB. cllectC. distributeD. exhibit
6.
A. attentinB. intentinC. discussinD. rejectin
7
A. spreadB. dnateC. prmteD. apprve
8.
A. cmmentsB. likesC. lettersD. respnses
9.
A. naturallyB. autmaticallyC. especiallyD. specifically
10.
A. expandB. evaluateC. manageD. mnitr
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Humankind’s grwing need fr fd is running up against thusands f ther species’ need fr space. By 2050, humans may need t clear an additinal 3.35 millin square ___11___ (kilmeter) f land fr agriculture. ___12___ (transfrm) these largely natural habitats wuld squeeze mre than 17,000 vertebrate species frm sme f their lands. But changing hw and where fd ___13___ (grw) can minimize the impacts. “We can feed the planet withut messing it up t badly,” says cnservatin scientist David Williams.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Saturday nt nly marked the last day f China’s 2024 Spring Festival hliday, but als clsed ut the eight-day dmestic film perid, ___14___ ended strngly as the highest-grssing Chinese New Year hliday in the histry f dmestic cinema. Accrding t a reprt, ver 163 millin peple ___15___ (g) t cinemas, a 26% increase frm the 2023 Spring Festival hliday. And bx-ffice sales reached mre than 8 billin yuan, up 18% ___16___ (cmpare) t last year’s hliday perid.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The dragn, a famus beast brn frm fantasy, ___17___ (exercise) a hld n peple’s imaginatin ver centuries. In traditinal Chinese culture, a dragn is a symbl f luck, pwer and high status. They can cause weather changes and bring rainfall t the fields ___18___ (ensure) rich harvests. Therefre, t symblize their pwer, ancient Chinese emperrs decrated their clthes ___19___ dragn patterns. Many Chinese view the dragn as a natinal symbl, ___20___ (prud) referring t themselves as “descendants f the dragn”.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分38 分）
第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Vlunteer in Africa
Dreaming f vlunteering in Africa? Internatinal Vlunteer HQ (IVHQ) will enable yu t be immersed in vibrant cultures, discver unique wildlife and make valuable cntributins t the lcal cmmunities.
Cmmn questins abut vlunteering in Africa
What vlunteer wrk in Africa des IVHQ ffer?
Whether yu want t vlunteer and teach English in Africa, supprt cnstructin prjects, wildlife vlunteering, r nursing and medical vlunteer abrad prjects, IVHQ has vlunteer wrk in Africa that is suitable fr vlunteers with a range f skills and experience.
Hw much des it cst t vlunteer in Africa?
Our fully hsted Africa vlunteer prgrams start frm as little as $20/day! This includes yur accmmdatin, meals, airprt pickup, rientatin and cmprehensive supprt services that yu wn’t find elsewhere.
Is it safe t vlunteer in Africa?
We have a cmprehensive apprach t managing safety and reducing risks acrss all f ur prgrams, which gives vlunteers the knwledge and cnfidence they need t stay safe, secure and healthy. This includes:
All lcal teams are trained in vlunteer management, are required t undertake first aid training and ensure that prgrams adhere t IVHQ’s Risk Management Plicy.
All IVHQ vlunteers receive pre-departure and 24/7 in-cuntry supprt, are required t have travel insurance and are strngly encuraged t take ur nline pre-departure training which can be accessed fr free.
Hw t vlunteer in Africa
Applying t vlunteer in Africa is simple! Once yu’ve decided which cuntry yu want t vlunteer in and which Africa prject yu wuld like t jin, yu can apply. It’s free, nly takes a few minutes and there is n cmmitment needed at this stage. Our team f Vlunteer Travel Specialists will then guide yu thrugh the next steps t secure yur spt and start preparing fr yur trip.
21. In Africa, IVHQ vlunteers can ________.
A. manage cnstructin prjects
B. rganize prgram rientatin
C. wrk as language teachers
D. undertake first aid training
22. What des IVHQ prvide t ensure the safety f vlunteers?
A. Vlunteer prjects suitable fr all.
B. An nline pre-departure training.
C. Well-trained lcal cmmunities.
D. Lectures n cultural difference.
23. Which f the fllwing shuld be dne at the applicatin stage?
A. Selecting cuntries and prjects.
B. Obtaining passprts and visas.
C. Making sme cmmitments.
D. Arranging accmmdatins.
B
That day when Ludwig van Beethven died was ne f the saddest f my life. I had stayed with him fr mre than twenty years and lived thrugh many f his happiest mments and his triumphs as well as his mst unhappy times.
He wasn’t, hwever, the easiest f men t wrk fr. His mds were changeable s that he culd be reasnable at ne mment but mst impatient and intlerant at the next. All these prblems began in 1802 when he discvered his lss f hearing was nt temprary.
The lss f hearing brught him t a crssrads in his life. It was then that he realized that his future lay in cmpsing music. Luckily, althugh his deafness brught him fear and anxiety, he was able t use these emtins t inspire his wrk.
Dealing with his inner prblems and wrries, his music was bviusly subjective, which was nt the mst ppular type f its time. But peple recgnized his greatness. They did s even when they knew he culd nt acknwledge it. When he was cnducting his ninth and last symphny n its first perfrmance he was ttally deaf. S he just didn’t realize that the music had finished and cntinued t cnduct the rchestra. One f the singers had t turn him rund s he culd receive the cheers f the audience. Frm ne angle it was a sad mment but frm anther it was an even greater triumph. That a man with such a cnditin culd have written such dynamic music was verwhelming! It brught tears t my eyes t think that I had cntributed in sme small way by lking after him.
He dressed rather like a wild man himself. His hair was always untidy, his skin marked with spts and his muth set in a dwnward curve. He tk n care f his appearance and walked arund ur city with his clthes carelessly arranged. This was because he was cncentrating n his next cmpsitin.
Helping him mve huse many times, preparing his meals and lking after his everyday cmfrts were my reward fr a life living s clse t such a musical genius. I cnsider myself a lucky man!
24. The authr was mst likely t be Beethven’s _______.
A. studentB. dctrC. servantD. relative
25. What can be learned frm this passage?
A. Beethven’s music was underestimated at that time.
B. Beethven’s wrk was inspired by his fear and anger.
C. Beethven’s music stayed in step with the mainstream music f the time.
D. Beethven lst his ability t hear when first cnducting his ninth symphny.
26. Why did the authr tear in Paragraph 4?
A. Because the perfrmance was a cmplete success.
B. Because he played a part in Beethven’s success.
C. Because Beethven was cmpletely deaf then.
D. Because the audience cheered fr Beethven.
27. Accrding t the authr, Beethven culd be described as ________.
A. intlerant but cheerful
B. stubbrn but reasnable
C. changeable but dedicated
D unsciable but easy-ging
C
Clinical intuitin is finally getting the respect it may have lng deserved. New research is supprting a prcess that cmbines rapid judgments and perceptins that ccur utside f cnscius awareness — a way f knwing smething withut knwing hw yu knw it. The value f clinical intuitin in medicine is nw being studied and becming particularly relevant as interest grws in develping AI systems that can analyze medical data t diagnse r treat patients.
A study in 2023 fund that clinical intuitin frm physitherapists n the prgnsis fr functinal recvery amng patients was clsely assciated with the recvery afterwards. Anther study cncluded that in cmparisn t relying nly n clinical data, “preperative surgen intuitin alne is an independent predictr f patient utcmes.”
“This is a cgnitive prcess. Clinical intuitin is abut expertise, knwledge, and pattern recgnitin that accumulate thrugh experience. The mind is putting tgether all kinds f infrmatin and sequencing it in ways that say this persn is really sick — r nt,” says Meredith Vanstne, an assciate prfessr in McMaster University. Given the depth f this cgnitive prcess, sme experts are skeptical that AI technlgy can make medical decisins as well as a human physician.
“As physicians g thrugh years f interactins with patients and seeing thusands f cases, thse gut feelings becme a srt f summary statement f all the experiences they’ve seen,” says Mhammad Ghassemi, a researcher at Michigan State University. “Clinicians can bserve different things that are nt always captured r made available by machines.”
Researchers fund that physicians and nurses practicing in a medical specialty invlving a high likelihd f an emergency r dimensins f cmplexity are mre likely t use intuitive decisin-making in their practice. “As surgens, the first thing we need t d is lk at the patient because the structured data may nt be cnsistent with what we see with the patient,” says Gabriel Brat frm Harvard Medical Schl.
Research has fund that clinical intuitin frm nurses and physicians abut the chances that lder patients visiting emergency departments wuld die r have ther adverse utcmes within 30 days was highly accurate.
Nne f knwn experiences suggest that clinical intuitin shuld be blindly acted upn. Making clinical decisins slely n the basis f a physician’s intuitin isn’t the way t g, experts say. But relying slely n medical algrithms (mathematical mdels) that generate predictins abut hw a patient is likely t respnd t different treatments isn’t the best curse f actin either.
T ptimize patient care, sme experts believe a hybrid apprach that integrates clinical intuitin, predictive algrithms, patient preferences, and ther key factrs is essential.
28. Accrding t the passage, clinical intuitin is influenced by ________.
A. rapid judgement
B. medical algrithms
C. cnscius awareness
D. prfessinal knwledge
29. Which f the fllwing wuld Mhammad Ghassemi agree?
A. Clinicians have a sharp eye fr a patient’s cnditin.
B. Machines always generate mre accurate predictins.
C. Dctrs shuld summarize the experiences they’ve seen.
D. Physicians’ interactins with patients have been devalued.
30 Why des the authr mentin the research finding in Paragraph 6?
A. T intrduce the wide use f clinical intuitin.
B. T explain the lgic chain f clinical intuitin.
C. T prve the accuracy f clinical intuitin.
D. T present feedbacks n clinical intuitin.
D
A gd meal has a psitive impact n ne’s md. Thse wh feast n Christmas buffet almst enjy an immediate rise in their bld sugar. That will prmpt a fld f chemicals that act as happy hrmnes t rush thrugh their brains.
But the pleasure ges deeper. Tyrsine and tryptphan are needed fr the prductin, respectively, f dpamine, a neurtransmitter (神经传递素) that cntrls feelings f pleasure and reward, and sertnin, anther such, which helps regulate md. And cranberries are high in vitamin C, which is invlved in cnverting dpamine t nradrenaline, anther neurtransmitter, and a lack f which seems t be assciated with depressin.
With mental-health disrders rising, a grwing number f scientists are investigating hw fd r nutritinal supplements affect the mind. But separating the brain’s nutritinal needs frm thse f the rest f the bdy is difficult. Nt pssible fr nw, at least. And, cmpared with ther fields, nutritinal science is understudied. That is partly because it is hard t d well. Randmised cntrlled trials (rcts), used t test drugs, are tricky. Few peple want t stick t an experimental diet fr years. Instead, mst nutritinal science is based n bservatinal studies that try t establish assciatins between particular fds r nutrients and diseases. They cannt be used t definitively prve a causal ( 因 果 关 系 的 ) cnnectin between a disease and a particular cntributing factr in a diet. But as with smking and lung cancer, put tgether enugh f these kinds f trials and causal narratives begin t emerge.
It is nw clear that sme diets are particularly gd fr the brain. One recent study cncludes that sticking t the “Mediterranean diet”, high in vegetables, fruit, pulses and whlegrains, lw in red and prcessed meats and saturated fats, decreases the chances f experiencing strkes, cgnitive impairment and depressin. Other recent wrk lking at a “green” Mediterranean diet high in plyphenls fund it reduced age-related brain atrphy. Anther versin, the mind diet, emphasises, amng ther things, eating berries ver ther kinds f fruit and seems t lessen the risk f dementia.
Scientists think such diets may wrk by reducing inflammatin in the brain. This, in turn, may affect areas such as the hippcampus, which is assciated with learning, memry and md regulatin—and where new neurns grw in adults. Studies in animals shw that when they are fed a diet rich in mega-3 fatty acids (frm walnuts, fr example), flavnids (cnsumed mainly via tea and wine), antixidants (fund in berries) and resveratrl (fund in red grapes), neurn grwth is stimulated and inflammatry prcesses are reduced. This fits with research suggesting that thse wh regularly eat ultra-prcessed, fried and sugary fds, which increase inflammatin in the brain, heighten their risk f develping depressin.
31. Which f the fllwing wrds can replace “tricky” in Paragraph 3?
A. Rare.
B. Tugh.
C. Traditinal.
D. Cntradictry.
32. Hw d researchers d bservatinal studies in nutritinal science?
A. By keeping at an experimental diet fr years.
B. By carrying ut randmized cntrlled trials.
C. By identifying a particular cntributing factr.
D. By cmparing findings f certain kinds f trials.
33. What can be inferred frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. A diet rich in fruit is gd fr cgnitive abilities.
B. Peple fnd f sugary fds may be a risk lver.
C. Red grapes add fuel t inflammatin in the brain.
D. Drinking tea can slve age-related brain prblems.
34. What is mainly discussed in the passage?
A. The links between diets and diseases.
B. The significance f Mediterranean diet.
C. The functin f varius neurtransmitters.
D. The influence f nutrients n mental health.
第二节（共5 小题；每小题2 分，共10 分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The beginning f the Year f the Dragn has freshadwed a “Sng f Ice and Fire” with the emergence f Sra, a text-t-vide AI mdel. Vides generated by Sra display strng cnsistency when it cmes t characters and backgrunds, and supprt cntinuus shts f up t 60 secnds, including highly detailed settings and multiple camera angles. ___35___
Hwever, film insiders nted that currently, AI-generated 60-secnd vides cannt supprt the creatin f a full-length mvie, and the idea that AI tls will “bmb” the film and televisin industry is s far unfunded. Meanwhile, experts say nt t wrry excessively, as the integratin f AI will help ptimize certain ccupatins, attract mre innvative talents and bring new pssibilities t the film and televisin industry. ___36___
Frm the age f film stck t the digital age, frm practical effects t digital effects, frm 2D t 3D, Sra, like any technlgical revlutin in the century-lng histry f film, will imprve prductin efficiency, update prductin and may even create new genres and trends in filmmaking. ___37___ Students learning film prductin can view Sra as a helpful assistant t unleash their sci-fi imaginatin.
Facing the panic signals that AI tls will threaten the glbal film industry, film insiders argued that the fundamental DNA f film is art and that human creativity cannt be replaced. ___38___ Many directrs, screenwriters, and actrs achieve great wrks by cntinuusly integrating persnal emtins and life experiences. This kind f individual creativity cannt be imitated by machines like Sra.
___39___ Hwever, just as the inventin f printing did nt replace literature r the inventin f phtgraphy did nt replace painting, Sra and its subsequent updates and upgrades will nt replace film because the cre f these art frms is creativity, which is a unique aspect f human thught.
A. With OpenAI’s iteratin speed, prducing AI vides dzens f minutes lng is nt far ff.
B. It is als likely t be incrprated int film and televisin educatin and training in the future.
C. Film and televisin are clsely linked t technlgical advancements, which stimulate creativity.
D. Sra will undubtedly prmpt changes in existing industrial prductin and may even replace sme jbs.
E. Sra is undubtedly “mre f an pprtunity than a challenge” fr the glbal film and televisin industry.
F. Creativity and film prductin requires the integratin f emtinal experiences and individual memries.
G. This implies that with just a text descriptin, rdinary peple using Sra may be able t becme “great directrs”.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，满分32 分）
第一节（共4 小题；第40、41 题各2 分，第42 题3 分，第43 题5 分，共12 分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
As the saying ges, “time waits fr n man”. Time is always against us, and we just can’t stp it. Maybe that’s why sme f us are always running late fr appintments. But if timekeeping is nt what yu’re gd at, dn’t stress. There might be a gd reasn fr yur lack f punctuality.
Peple’s attitudes t being n time vary. Sme clck-watch and make sure they’re bang n time fr a meeting. It is after all, rude t be late, and if yu can make it n time, why can’t everyne else? But if, like me, yu want t make every secnd cunt, yu might try t squeeze as much as yu can int the time yu have available. Hwever, when yur schedule desn’t run t plan, yur punctuality inevitably slips.
Peple wh lack prmptness have been described as “time benders”. Authr Grace Pacie tld the BBC that “they’re the peple wh dn’t want t be late, but they have a strange resistance t being early, and they dn’t allw enugh time.” They assume their jurney t an appintment will always g smthly, and the train will always be n time!
Perceptins f unpunctual peple are almst always negative — even if smetimes wrng. Experts say: Being cnsistently late might nt be yur fault. It culd be yur type. The punctually-challenged ften share persnality characteristics, such as ptimism, lw levels f self-cntrl, anxiety, r a penchant fr thrill-seeking. It is als pssible peple are late s nt t be cnspicuus and t avid the anxius wait fr thers t turn up.
Maybe we latecmers shuld make mre f an effrt and fllw the advice I heard t nt “try” t be n time but “decide” t be n time.
40. What des “time benders” refer t?
_______________________________________________________________________________
41. What are the persnality characteristics f time benders?
_______________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Accrding t Grace Pacie, time benders dn’t care abut being late s they dn’t allw enugh time.
_______________________________________________________________________________
43. What d yu usually d t be n time? (In abut 40 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________
第二节 作文（20 分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim计划明年来北京上大学学习中文，特发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 推荐他上哪所大学；
3. 建议他做哪些准备工作。
注意：1. 词数100 词左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
2024北京房山高三一模
英语
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，满分30 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选 项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Emily Bhatnagar lives in Gaithersburg, Maryland. She has always lved ___1___. As a really shy girl, she always turned t bks, which srt f became her best friends when she didn’t have ne. In 2019, when her dad was diagnsed with cancer, it was a difficult time fr her family and bks became an even bigger ___2___. She started thinking abut peple in ___3___ situatins.
When her father recvered, she had verwhelming gratitude t the dctrs fr perfrming such a miracle, but als a hint f sadness abut kids wh were fighting the same battle. At that very mment, she came up with a plan. She wanted t d things fr the ___4___.
She started a bk drive called Fr Lve & Buttercup in her hmetwn. The gal was t ___5___ bks and give them t kids being treated fr cancer in lcal hspitals. At first, Emily had n idea hw much ___6___ her wrk wuld get. She started by psting n scial media, asking peple in her area t ___7___. She was expecting maybe tw r three ___8___ frm neighbrs, but it ended up blwing up, ___9___ when news statins began reprting it. Since the start f the bk drive, Emily has cllected mre than 10,000 bks.
Nw Emily cntinues t run the bk drive. She hpes t ___10___ the prject ne day t reach mre kids. The memry f the first time she visited children wh’d received her bks sticks with her. “It was the best day f my life,” she says. “I realized I wanted t d this type f wrk frever.”
1.
A. readingB. pstingC. drivingD. writing
2.
A. friendB. prjectC. guideD. cmfrt
3.
A. severeB. similarC. simpleD. shcking
4.
A. hspitalsB. schlsC. neighburhdD. cmmittee
5.
A. purchaseB. cllectC. distributeD. exhibit
6.
A. attentinB. intentinC. discussinD. rejectin
7.
A. spreadB. dnateC. prmteD. apprve
8.
A. cmmentsB. likesC. lettersD. respnses
9.
A. naturallyB. autmaticallyC. especiallyD. specifically
10.
A. expandB. evaluateC. manageD. mnitr
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Emily Bhatnagar成立Fr Lve & Buttercup，为孩子们筹集书籍的故事。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一直喜欢读书。A. reading读；B. psting发帖子；C. driving驾驶；D. writing写。根据下文“she always turned t bks”可知，她一直喜欢读书。故选A。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2019年，她的父亲被诊断出患有癌症，这对她的家庭来说是一段艰难的时期，书籍成为了更大的安慰。A. friend朋友；B. prject项目；C. guide导游；D. cmfrt安慰。根据上文“she always turned t bks, which srt f became her best friends when she didn’t have ne”和“her dad was diagnsed with cancer, it was a difficult time”可知，她的爸爸被诊断出患有癌症，她喜欢读书，所以在这种情况下书籍成为了她更大的安慰。故选D。
3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她开始思考那些处境相似的人。A. severe严重的；B. similar相似的；C. simple简单的；D. shcking令人震惊的。根据下一段“a hint f sadness abut kids wh were fighting the same battle”可知，她思考那些和她有相似处境的人。故选B。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她想为邻居做点事。A. hspitals医院；B. schls学校；C. neighburhd邻近；D. cmmittee委员会。根据下一段“in her hmetwn”可知，她是想为邻居做点事，空格处是neighburhd。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：目的是收集书籍，并将它们送给当地医院接受癌症治疗的孩子们。A. purchase购买；B. cllect收集；C. distribute分发；D. exhibit展览，展出。根据下文“give them t kids being treated fr cancer in lcal hspitals”可知，这个项目的目的是收集书，然后送给当地医院接受癌症治疗的孩子们。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，艾米丽不知道她的工作会得到多少关注。A. attentin关注；B. intentin打算；C. discussin讨论；D. rejectin拒绝。根据下文“news statins began reprting it. Since the start f the bk drive, Emily has cllected mre than 10,000 bks”可知，艾米丽不知道她的工作会得到多少关注。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始在社交媒体上发帖，请求她所在地区的人们捐赠。A. spread传播；B. dnate捐赠；C. prmte促进；D. apprve批准。根据“The gal was t__5__ bks”和下文“Since the start f the bk drive, Emily has cllected mre than 10,000 bks”可知，她的项目的目的是筹集书，所以是请求她所在地区的人们捐赠书籍。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她本以为邻居们可能会有两到三个回应，但结果却大受欢迎，尤其是当新闻电台开始报道这件事时。A. cmments评论；B. likes喜好；C. letters信；D. respnses回应。根据下文“frm neighbrs”和上文“asking peple in her area t__7__”可知，她要求她所在地区的人们捐赠，她本以为邻居们可能会有两到三个回应。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她本以为邻居们可能会有两到三个回应，但结果却大受欢迎，尤其是当新闻电台开始报道这件事时。A. naturally自然地，天然地；B. autmatically自动地；C. especially特别，尤其；D. specifically专门地。根据上文“it ended up blwing up”和下文“when news statins began reprting it”可知，她的项目大受欢迎，尤其是当新闻电台开始报道这件事的时候。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她希望有一天能扩大这个项目，惠及更多的孩子。A. expand扩大；B. evaluate评价；C. manage管理；D. mnitr监视。根据下文“t reach mre kids”可知，她希望扩大这个项目。故选A。
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Humankind’s grwing need fr fd is running up against thusands f ther species’ need fr space. By 2050, humans may need t clear an additinal 3.35 millin square ___11___ (kilmeter) f land fr agriculture. ___12___ (transfrm) these largely natural habitats wuld squeeze mre than 17,000 vertebrate species frm sme f their lands. But changing hw and where fd ___13___ (grw) can minimize the impacts. “We can feed the planet withut messing it up t badly,” says cnservatin scientist David Williams.
【答案】11. kilmeters
12. Transfrming##T transfrm
13. is grwn
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是人类对食物日益增长的需求与成千上万的其他物种对空间的需求发生了冲突。
【11题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：到2050年，人类可能需要额外清理335万平方公里的农业用地。由3.35 millin可知，可数名词kilmeter用复数形式，故填kilmeters。
【12题详解】
考查动名词和不定式。句意：改变这些主要是自然栖息地，将从它们的一些土地上挤出超过17000种脊椎动物。空格处用动名词和不定式作主语，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填Transfrming/T transfrm。
【13题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：但改变食物的种植方式和地点可以将影响降到最低。从句主语fd和谓语动词grw是被动关系，食物是被种植，句子描述客观事实，因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语fd是不可数名词，因此空格处是is grwn。故填is grwn。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Saturday nt nly marked the last day f China’s 2024 Spring Festival hliday, but als clsed ut the eight-day dmestic film perid, ___14___ ended strngly as the highest-grssing Chinese New Year hliday in the histry f dmestic cinema. Accrding t a reprt, ver 163 millin peple ___15___ (g) t cinemas, a 26% increase frm the 2023 Spring Festival hliday. And bx-ffice sales reached mre than 8 billin yuan, up 18% ___16___ (cmpare) t last year’s hliday perid.
【答案】14. which
15. went 16. cmpared
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是周六不仅是中国2024年春节假期的最后一天，也是为期8天的国产电影档期的最后一天，该档期以国产电影史上票房最高的春节假期强势结束。
【14题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：周六不仅是中国2024年春节假期的最后一天，也是为期8天的国产电影档期的最后一天，该档期以国产电影史上票房最高的春节假期强势结束。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词film perid是指电影档期，因此空格处用which引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。
【15题详解】
考查时态。句意：根据一份报告，超过1.63亿人去电影院，比2023年春节假期增加了26%。根据语境可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式went，故填went。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：票房收入超过80亿元，比去年同期增长18%。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是reached，空格处用非谓语动词，bx-ffice sales和cmpare之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填cmpared。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The dragn, a famus beast brn frm fantasy, ___17___ (exercise) a hld n peple’s imaginatin ver centuries. In traditinal Chinese culture, a dragn is a symbl f luck, pwer and high status. They can cause weather changes and bring rainfall t the fields ___18___ (ensure) rich harvests. Therefre, t symblize their pwer, ancient Chinese emperrs decrated their clthes ___19___ dragn patterns. Many Chinese view the dragn as a natinal symbl, ___20___ (prud) referring t themselves as “descendants f the dragn”.
【答案】17. has exercised##has been exercising
18. t ensure
19. with 20. prudly
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了中国传统文化中龙的象征意义及其在历史中的地位。
【17题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：龙，一种从幻想中诞生的著名猛兽，几个世纪以来一直占据着人们的想象力。分析句子可知，exercise(运用，行使)是句中谓语动词，与主语The dragn(龙)之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语ver centuries，描述从过去持续到现在的行为，用现在完成时态，也可用现在完成进行时强调行为的持续，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。故填has exercised/has been exercising。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们可以引起天气变化，给田地带来降雨，确保丰收。“(ensure) rich harvests”是“bring rainfall t the fields”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填t ensure。
【19题详解】
考查介词。句意：因此，为了象征他们的权力，中国古代皇帝用龙的图案装饰他们的衣服。是固定搭配，意为“用……装饰……”。故填with。
20题详解】
考查副词。句意：许多中国人将龙视为国家的象征，自豪地称自己为“龙的传人”。提示词修饰动词referring，用副词prudly作状语，意为“自豪地”。故填prudly。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分38 分）
第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Vlunteer in Africa
Dreaming f vlunteering in Africa? Internatinal Vlunteer HQ (IVHQ) will enable yu t be immersed in vibrant cultures, discver unique wildlife and make valuable cntributins t the lcal cmmunities.
Cmmn questins abut vlunteering in Africa
What vlunteer wrk in Africa des IVHQ ffer?
Whether yu want t vlunteer and teach English in Africa supprt cnstructin prjects, wildlife vlunteering, r nursing and medical vlunteer abrad prjects, IVHQ has vlunteer wrk in Africa that is suitable fr vlunteers with a range f skills and experience.
Hw much des it cst t vlunteer in Africa?
Our fully hsted Africa vlunteer prgrams start frm as little as $20/day! This includes yur accmmdatin, meals, airprt pickup, rientatin and cmprehensive supprt services that yu wn’t find elsewhere.
Is it safe t vlunteer in Africa?
We have a cmprehensive apprach t managing safety and reducing risks acrss all f ur prgrams, which gives vlunteers the knwledge and cnfidence they need t stay safe, secure and healthy. This includes:
All lcal teams are trained in vlunteer management, are required t undertake first aid training and ensure that prgrams adhere t IVHQ’s Risk Management Plicy.
All IVHQ vlunteers receive pre-departure and 24/7 in-cuntry supprt, are required t have travel insurance and are strngly encuraged t take ur nline pre-departure training which can be accessed fr free.
Hw t vlunteer in Africa
Applying t vlunteer in Africa is simple! Once yu’ve decided which cuntry yu want t vlunteer in and which Africa prject yu wuld like t jin, yu can apply. It’s free, nly takes a few minutes and there is n cmmitment needed at this stage. Our team f Vlunteer Travel Specialists will then guide yu thrugh the next steps t secure yur spt and start preparing fr yur trip.
21. In Africa, IVHQ vlunteers can ________.
A. manage cnstructin prjects
B. rganize prgram rientatin
C. wrk as language teachers
D. undertake first aid training
22. What des IVHQ prvide t ensure the safety f vlunteers?
A. Vlunteer prjects suitable fr all.
B. An nline pre-departure training.
C. Well-trained lcal cmmunities.
D. Lectures n cultural difference.
23. Which f the fllwing shuld be dne at the applicatin stage?
A. Selecting cuntries and prjects.
B. Obtaining passprts and visas.
C. Making sme cmmitments.
D. Arranging accmmdatins.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了国际志愿者组织(IVHQ)在非洲的志愿者项目。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据What vlunteer wrk in Africa des IVHQ ffer? (IVHQ在非洲提供哪些志愿工作?)部分中“Whether yu want t vlunteer and teach English in Africa, supprt cnstructin prjects, wildlife vlunteering, r nursing and medical vlunteer abrad prjects, IVHQ has vlunteer wrk in Africa that is suitable fr vlunteers with a range f skills and experience. (无论你是想在非洲做志愿者，教英语，支持建设项目，野生动物志愿者，还是海外护理和医疗志愿者项目，IVHQ在非洲都有适合你的志愿者工作，你需要有一系列的技能和经验。)”可知，在非洲，IVHQ的志愿者可以作语言教师。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Is it safe t vlunteer in Africa?(在非洲做志愿者安全吗?)部分中“All IVHQ vlunteers receive pre-departure and 24/7 in-cuntry supprt, are required t have travel insurance and are strngly encuraged t take ur nline pre-departure training which can be accessed fr free. (所有IVHQ志愿者在出发前都会得到全天候的国内支持，需要购买旅行保险，并强烈鼓励他们参加我们的在线出发前培训，这些培训可以免费获得。)”可知，为确保志愿者的安全，IVHQ提供出发前的在线培训。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hw t vlunteer in Africa(如何在非洲做志愿者)部分中“Once yu’ve decided which cuntry yu want t vlunteer in and which Africa prject yu wuld like t jin, yu can apply. (一旦你决定了你想在哪个国家做志愿者，你想参加哪个非洲项目，你就可以申请了。)”可知，在申请阶段要选择国家和项目。故选A项。
B
That day when Ludwig van Beethven died was ne f the saddest f my life. I had stayed with him fr mre than twenty years and lived thrugh many f his happiest mments and his triumphs as well as his mst unhappy times.
He wasn’t, hwever, the easiest f men t wrk fr. His mds were changeable s that he culd be reasnable at ne mment but mst impatient and intlerant at the next. All these prblems began in 1802 when he discvered his lss f hearing was nt temprary.
The lss f hearing brught him t a crssrads in his life. It was then that he realized that his future lay in cmpsing music. Luckily, althugh his deafness brught him fear and anxiety, he was able t use these emtins t inspire his wrk.
Dealing with his inner prblems and wrries, his music was bviusly subjective, which was nt the mst ppular type f its time. But peple recgnized his greatness. They did s even when they knew he culd nt acknwledge it. When he was cnducting his ninth and last symphny n its first perfrmance he was ttally deaf. S he just didn’t realize that the music had finished and cntinued t cnduct the rchestra. One f the singers had t turn him rund s he culd receive the cheers f the audience. Frm ne angle it was a sad mment but frm anther it was an even greater triumph. That a man with such a cnditin culd have written such dynamic music was verwhelming! It brught tears t my eyes t think that I had cntributed in sme small way by lking after him.
He dressed rather like a wild man himself. His hair was always untidy, his skin marked with spts and his muth set in a dwnward curve. He tk n care f his appearance and walked arund ur city with his clthes carelessly arranged. This was because he was cncentrating n his next cmpsitin.
Helping him mve huse many times, preparing his meals and lking after his everyday cmfrts were my reward fr a life living s clse t such a musical genius. I cnsider myself a lucky man!
24. The authr was mst likely t be Beethven’s _______.
A. studentB. dctrC. servantD. relative
25. What can be learned frm this passage?
A. Beethven’s music was underestimated at that time.
B. Beethven’s wrk was inspired by his fear and anger.
C. Beethven’s music stayed in step with the mainstream music f the time.
D. Beethven lst his ability t hear when first cnducting his ninth symphny.
26. Why did the authr tear in Paragraph 4?
A. Because the perfrmance was a cmplete success.
B. Because he played a part in Beethven’s success.
C. Because Beethven was cmpletely deaf then.
D. Because the audience cheered fr Beethven.
27. Accrding t the authr, Beethven culd be described as ________.
A. intlerant but cheerful
B. stubbrn but reasnable
C. changeable but dedicated
D. unsciable but easy-ging
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. B 27. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Ludwig van Beethven虽然失聪，但是仍然坚持作曲和指挥的故事。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Helping him mve huse many times, preparing his meals and lking after his everyday cmfrts were my reward fr a life living s clse t such a musical genius.(我曾多次帮他搬家，为他做饭，照顾他的日常生活，这些都是我与这样一位音乐天才如此亲近的回报。)”可知，作者最有可能是Beethven的仆人，故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“When he was cnducting his ninth and last symphny n its first perfrmance he was ttally deaf.(当他指挥他的第九部也是最后一部交响曲的第一次演出时，他完全失聪了。)”可知，贝多芬在第一次指挥他的第九交响曲时失去了听力。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“That a man with such a cnditin culd have written such dynamic music was verwhelming! It brught tears t my eyes t think that I had cntributed in sme small way by lking after him.(一个有这种状况的人能写出如此充满活力的音乐，真是令人难以置信！一想到我照顾他也尽了绵薄之力，我就热泪盈眶。)”可知，作者流泪是因为他对贝多芬的成功起了作用。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“His mds were changeable s that he culd be reasnable at ne mment but mst impatient and intlerant at the next.(他的情绪变化无常，有时还通情达理，有时又不耐烦、偏执。)”可知，Beethven是多变的，再根据倒数第二段“He tk n care f his appearance and walked arund ur city with his clthes carelessly arranged. This was because he was cncentrating n his next cmpsitin.(他不注意自己的外表，在我们的城市里随意地走来走去。这是因为他在专心作下一首曲子。)”可知，Beethven是专心致志的。故选C。
C
Clinical intuitin is finally getting the respect it may have lng deserved. New research is supprting a prcess that cmbines rapid judgments and perceptins that ccur utside f cnscius awareness — a way f knwing smething withut knwing hw yu knw it. The value f clinical intuitin in medicine is nw being studied and becming particularly relevant as interest grws in develping AI systems that can analyze medical data t diagnse r treat patients.
A study in 2023 fund that clinical intuitin frm physitherapists n the prgnsis fr functinal recvery amng patients was clsely assciated with the recvery afterwards. Anther study cncluded that in cmparisn t relying nly n clinical data, “preperative surgen intuitin alne is an independent predictr f patient utcmes.”
“This is a cgnitive prcess. Clinical intuitin is abut expertise, knwledge, and pattern recgnitin that accumulate thrugh experience. The mind is putting tgether all kinds f infrmatin and sequencing it in ways that say this persn is really sick — r nt,” says Meredith Vanstne, an assciate prfessr in McMaster University. Given the depth f this cgnitive prcess, sme experts are skeptical that AI technlgy can make medical decisins as well as a human physician.
“As physicians g thrugh years f interactins with patients and seeing thusands f cases, thse gut feelings becme a srt f summary statement f all the experiences they’ve seen,” says Mhammad Ghassemi, a researcher at Michigan State University. “Clinicians can bserve different things that are nt always captured r made available by machines.”
Researchers fund that physicians and nurses practicing in a medical specialty invlving a high likelihd f an emergency r dimensins f cmplexity are mre likely t use intuitive decisin-making in their practice. “As surgens the first thing we need t d is lk at the patient because the structured data may nt be cnsistent with what we see with the patient,” says Gabriel Brat frm Harvard Medical Schl.
Research has fund that clinical intuitin frm nurses and physicians abut the chances that lder patients visiting emergency departments wuld die r have ther adverse utcmes within 30 days was highly accurate.
Nne f knwn experiences suggest that clinical intuitin shuld be blindly acted upn. Making clinical decisins slely n the basis f a physician’s intuitin isn’t the way t g, experts say. But relying slely n medical algrithms (mathematical mdels) that generate predictins abut hw a patient is likely t respnd t different treatments isn’t the best curse f actin either.
T ptimize patient care, sme experts believe a hybrid apprach that integrates clinical intuitin, predictive algrithms, patient preferences, and ther key factrs is essential.
28. Accrding t the passage, clinical intuitin is influenced by ________.
A. rapid judgement
B. medical algrithms
C. cnscius awareness
D. prfessinal knwledge
29. Which f the fllwing wuld Mhammad Ghassemi agree?
A. Clinicians have a sharp eye fr a patient’s cnditin.
B. Machines always generate mre accurate predictins.
C. Dctrs shuld summarize the experiences they’ve seen.
D. Physicians’ interactins with patients have been devalued.
30. Why des the authr mentin the research finding in Paragraph 6?
A. T intrduce the wide use f clinical intuitin.
B. T explain the lgic chain f clinical intuitin.
C. T prve the accuracy f clinical intuitin.
D. T present feedbacks n clinical intuitin.
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是什么是临床直觉以及它的意义。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Clinical intuitin is abut expertise, knwledge, and pattern recgnitin that accumulate thrugh experience.(临床直觉是通过经验积累的专业知识、知识和模式识别。)”可知，临床直觉受到专业知识的影响。故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“As physicians g thrugh years f interactins with patients and seeing thusands f cases, thse gut feelings becme a srt f summary statement f all the experiences they’ve seen(当医生经历了多年与病人的互动，看到了成千上万的病例时，这些直觉就变成了他们所见过的所有经历的总结)”和“Clinicians can bserve different things that are nt always captured r made available by machines.(临床医生可以观察到不同的东西，这些东西并不总是被机器捕捉到或提供。)”可知，Mhammad Ghassemi会同意的说法是临床医生对病人的病情有敏锐的眼光。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Research has fund that clinical intuitin frm nurses and physicians abut the chances that lder patients visiting emergency departments wuld die r have ther adverse utcmes within 30 days was highly accurate.(研究发现，护士和医生对急诊科老年患者在30天内死亡或出现其他不良后果的几率的临床直觉非常准确。)”可知，作者在第6段提到了研究发现是为了证明临床直觉的准确性。故选C。
D
A gd meal has a psitive impact n ne’s md. Thse wh feast n Christmas buffet almst enjy an immediate rise in their bld sugar. That will prmpt a fld f chemicals that act as happy hrmnes t rush thrugh their brains.
But the pleasure ges deeper. Tyrsine and tryptphan are needed fr the prductin, respectively, f dpamine, a neurtransmitter (神经传递素) that cntrls feelings f pleasure and reward, and sertnin, anther such, which helps regulate md. And cranberries are high in vitamin C, which is invlved in cnverting dpamine t nradrenaline, anther neurtransmitter, and a lack f which seems t be assciated with depressin.
With mental-health disrders rising, a grwing number f scientists are investigating hw fd r nutritinal supplements affect the mind. But separating the brain’s nutritinal needs frm thse f the rest f the bdy is difficult. Nt pssible fr nw, at least. And, cmpared with ther fields, nutritinal science is understudied. That is partly because it is hard t d well. Randmised cntrlled trials (rcts), used t test drugs, are tricky. Few peple want t stick t an experimental diet fr years. Instead, mst nutritinal science is based n bservatinal studies that try t establish assciatins between particular fds r nutrients and diseases. They cannt be used t definitively prve a causal ( 因 果 关 系 的 ) cnnectin between a disease and a particular cntributing factr in a diet. But as with smking and lung cancer, put tgether enugh f these kinds f trials and causal narratives begin t emerge.
It is nw clear that sme diets are particularly gd fr the brain. One recent study cncludes that sticking t the “Mediterranean diet”, high in vegetables, fruit, pulses and whlegrains, lw in red and prcessed meats and saturated fats, decreases the chances f experiencing strkes, cgnitive impairment and depressin. Other recent wrk lking at a “green” Mediterranean diet high in plyphenls fund it reduced age-related brain atrphy. Anther versin, the mind diet, emphasises, amng ther things, eating berries ver ther kinds f fruit and seems t lessen the risk f dementia.
Scientists think such diets may wrk by reducing inflammatin in the brain. This, in turn, may affect areas such as the hippcampus, which is assciated with learning, memry and md regulatin—and where new neurns grw in adults. Studies in animals shw that when they are fed a diet rich in mega-3 fatty acids (frm walnuts, fr example), flavnids (cnsumed mainly via tea and wine), antixidants (fund in berries) and resveratrl (fund in red grapes), neurn grwth is stimulated and inflammatry prcesses are reduced. This fits with research suggesting that thse wh regularly eat ultra-prcessed, fried and sugary fds, which increase inflammatin in the brain, heighten their risk f develping depressin.
31. Which f the fllwing wrds can replace “tricky” in Paragraph 3?
A. Rare.
B. Tugh.
C. Traditinal.
D. Cntradictry.
32. Hw d researchers d bservatinal studies in nutritinal science?
A. By keeping at an experimental diet fr years.
B. By carrying ut randmized cntrlled trials.
C. By identifying a particular cntributing factr.
D. By cmparing findings f certain kinds f trials.
33. What can be inferred frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. A diet rich in fruit is gd fr cgnitive abilities.
B. Peple fnd f sugary fds may be a risk lver.
C. Red grapes add fuel t inflammatin in the brain.
D. Drinking tea can slve age-related brain prblems.
34. What is mainly discussed in the passage?
A. The links between diets and diseases.
B. The significance f Mediterranean diet.
C. The functin f varius neurtransmitters.
D. The influence f nutrients n mental health.
【答案】31. B 32. D 33. A 34. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是食物中的营养素对心理健康的影响。
【31题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“Few peple want t stick t an experimental diet fr years. Instead, mst nutritinal science is based n bservatinal studies that try t establish assciatins between particular fds r nutrients and diseases. They cannt be used t definitively prve a causal (因果关系的) cnnectin between a disease and a particular cntributing factr in a diet.(很少有人愿意多年坚持实验性饮食。相反，大多数营养科学是建立在观察性研究的基础上的，这些研究试图建立特定食物或营养素与疾病之间的联系。它们不能被用来明确地证明某种疾病与饮食中某一特定因素之间的因果关系。)”可知，用于测试药物的随机对照试验是很难进行的，划线词tricky的意思是“困难的”，和tugh意思相近，故选B。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Instead, mst nutritinal science is based n bservatinal studies that try t establish assciatins between particular fds r nutrients and diseases.(相反，大多数营养科学是建立在观察性研究的基础上的，这些研究试图建立特定食物或营养素与疾病之间的联系。)”和“But as with smking and lung cancer, put tgether enugh f these kinds f trials and causal narratives, it begin t emerge.(但就像吸烟和肺癌一样，把足够多的这类试验和因果叙述放在一起，它就会开始出现。)”可知，研究人员通过比较不同试验的结果在营养科学中进行观察性研究。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“One recent study cncludes that sticking t the “Mediterranean diet”, high in vegetables, fruit, pulses and whlegrains, lw in red and prcessed meats and saturated fats, decreases the chances f experiencing strkes, cgnitive impairment and depressin.(最近的一项研究得出结论，坚持“地中海饮食”，多吃蔬菜、水果、豆类和全谷物，少吃红肉、加工肉类和饱和脂肪，可以降低患中风、认知障碍和抑郁症的几率。)”可知，富含水果的饮食对认知能力有好处。故选A。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“With mental-health disrders rising, a grwing number f scientists are investigating hw fd r nutritinal supplements affect the mind.(随着心理疾病的增加，越来越多的科学家正在研究食物或营养补充剂是如何影响心理的。)”可知，本文主要讲的是食物中的营养素对心理健康的影响，即“The influence f nutrients n mental health.(营养素对心理健康的影响。)”。故选D。
第二节（共5 小题；每小题2 分，共10 分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The beginning f the Year f the Dragn has freshadwed a “Sng f Ice and Fire” with the emergence f Sra, a text-t-vide AI mdel. Vides generated by Sra display strng cnsistency when it cmes t characters and backgrunds, and supprt cntinuus shts f up t 60 secnds, including highly detailed settings and multiple camera angles. ___35___
Hwever, film insiders nted that currently, AI-generated 60-secnd vides cannt supprt the creatin f a full-length mvie, and the idea that AI tls will “bmb” the film and televisin industry is s far unfunded. Meanwhile, experts say nt t wrry excessively, as the integratin f AI will help ptimize certain ccupatins, attract mre innvative talents and bring new pssibilities t the film and televisin industry. ___36___
Frm the age f film stck t the digital age, frm practical effects t digital effects, frm 2D t 3D, Sra, like any technlgical revlutin in the century-lng histry f film, will imprve prductin efficiency, update prductin and may even create new genres and trends in filmmaking. ___37___ Students learning film prductin can view Sra as a helpful assistant t unleash their sci-fi imaginatin.
Facing the panic signals that AI tls will threaten the glbal film industry, film insiders argued that the fundamental DNA f film is art and that human creativity cannt be replaced. ___38___ Many directrs, screenwriters, and actrs achieve great wrks by cntinuusly integrating persnal emtins and life experiences. This kind f individual creativity cannt be imitated by machines like Sra.
___39___ Hwever, just as the inventin f printing did nt replace literature r the inventin f phtgraphy did nt replace painting, Sra and its subsequent updates and upgrades will nt replace film because the cre f these art frms is creativity, which is a unique aspect f human thught.
A. With OpenAI’s iteratin speed, prducing AI vides dzens f minutes lng is nt far ff.
B. It is als likely t be incrprated int film and televisin educatin and training in the future.
C. Film and televisin are clsely linked t technlgical advancements, which stimulate creativity.
D. Sra will undubtedly prmpt changes in existing industrial prductin and may even replace sme jbs.
E. Sra is undubtedly “mre f an pprtunity than a challenge” fr the glbal film and televisin industry.
F. Creativity and film prductin requires the integratin f emtinal experiences and individual memries.
G. This implies that with just a text descriptin, rdinary peple using Sra may be able t becme “great directrs”.
【答案】35. G 36. E 37. B 38. F 39. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了工智能模型Sra对电影产业的影响，但专家表示Sra不会取代人类。
【35题详解】
根据上文“Vides generated by Sra display strng cnsistency when it cmes t characters and backgrunds, and supprt cntinuus shts f up t 60 secnds, including highly detailed settings and multiple camera angles.”（Sra生成的视频在人物和背景方面显示出强大的一致性，并支持长达60秒的连续拍摄，包括高度详细的设置和多个相机角度。）可知，选项承接上文说明使用Sra的意义。故G选项“这意味着，只要一个文本描述，使用Sra的普通人就可能成为“伟大的导演”。故选G项。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Meanwhile, experts say nt t wrry excessively, as the integratin f AI will help ptimize certain ccupatins, attract mre innvative talents and bring new pssibilities t the film and televisin industry.”（与此同时，专家表示不必过度担心，因为人工智能的整合将有助于优化某些职业，吸引更多创新人才，并为影视行业带来新的可能性）可知，选项承接上文说明Sra给影视业带来了机会大于挑战。故E选项“对于全球影视业来说，Sra无疑‘与其说是挑战，不如说是机遇’”切题。故选E项。
【37题详解】
根据下文“Students learning film prductin can view Sra as a helpful assistant t unleash their sci-fi imaginatin.”（学习电影制作的学生可以将Sra视为一个有用的助手，以释放他们的科幻想象力。）可知，Sra可能会被应用于影视教育和培训，成为学生一个有用的助手。故B选项“ 它也有可能在未来被纳入影视教育和培训”切题。故选B项。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Facing the panic signals that AI tls will threaten the glbal film industry, film insiders argued that the fundamental DNA f film is art and that human creativity cannt be replaced.”（面对人工智能工具将威胁全球电影产业的恐慌信号，电影业内人士辩称，电影的基本DNA是艺术，人类的创造力是不可替代的）和下文“Many directrs, screenwriters, and actrs achieve great wrks by cntinuusly integrating persnal emtins and life experiences. This kind f individual creativity cannt be imitated by machines like Sra.”（许多导演、编剧和演员通过不断融合个人情感和生活经历来创作伟大的作品。这种个人创造力是Sra这样的机器无法模仿的）可知，选项承接上文说明人类的创造力是不可替代的原因且要引出个人情感和生活经历对伟大作品创作的重要性。故F选项“创意和电影制作需要情感体验和个人记忆的整合”切题。故选F项。
【39题详解】
根据下文“Hwever, just as the inventin f printing did nt replace literature r the inventin f phtgraphy did nt replace painting, Sra and its subsequent updates and upgrades will nt replace film because the cre f these art frms is creativity, which is a unique aspect f human thught.”（然而，正如印刷术的发明没有取代文学，摄影术的发明也没有取代绘画一样，Sra及其后续的更新和升级也不会取代电影，因为这些艺术形式的核心是创造力，这是人类思想的一个独特方面。）可知Sra不会取代电影、让人失去岗位，下文与选项为转折关系说明毫无疑问，Sra肯能促使变化，取代某些岗位。故D选项“Sra将促使现有工业生产发生变化，甚至可能取代一些工作岗位”切题。故选D项。
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，满分32 分）
第一节（共4 小题；第40、41 题各2 分，第42 题3 分，第43 题5 分，共12 分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
As the saying ges, “time waits fr n man”. Time is always against us, and we just can’t stp it. Maybe that’s why sme f us are always running late fr appintments. But if timekeeping is nt what yu’re gd at, dn’t stress. There might be a gd reasn fr yur lack f punctuality.
Peple’s attitudes t being n time vary. Sme clck-watch and make sure they’re bang n time fr a meeting. It is, after all, rude t be late, and if yu can make it n time, why can’t everyne else? But if, like me, yu want t make every secnd cunt, yu might try t squeeze as much as yu can int the time yu have available. Hwever, when yur schedule desn’t run t plan, yur punctuality inevitably slips.
Peple wh lack prmptness have been described as “time benders”. Authr Grace Pacie tld the BBC that “they’re the peple wh dn’t want t be late, but they have a strange resistance t being early, and they dn’t allw enugh time.” They assume their jurney t an appintment will always g smthly, and the train will always be n time!
Perceptins f unpunctual peple are almst always negative — even if smetimes wrng. Experts say: Being cnsistently late might nt be yur fault. It culd be yur type. The punctually-challenged ften share persnality characteristics, such as ptimism, lw levels f self-cntrl, anxiety, r a penchant fr thrill-seeking. It is als pssible peple are late s nt t be cnspicuus and t avid the anxius wait fr thers t turn up.
Maybe we latecmers shuld make mre f an effrt and fllw the advice I heard t nt “try” t be n time but “decide” t be n time
40. What des “time benders” refer t?
_______________________________________________________________________________
41. What are the persnality characteristics f time benders?
_______________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Accrding t Grace Pacie, time benders dn’t care abut being late s they dn’t allw enugh time.
_______________________________________________________________________________
43. What d yu usually d t be n time? (In abut 40 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. It refers t peple wh lack prmptness./Peple wh lack prmptness have been described as “time benders”.
41. The characteristics such as ptimism, lw levels f self-cntrl, anxiety, r a penchant fr thrill-seeking./They ften share persnality characteristics, such as ptimism, lw levels f self-cntrl, anxiety, r a penchant fr thrill-seeking.
42. Accrding t Grace Pacie, time benders dn’t care abut being late s they dn’t allw enugh time.
Accrding t Grace Pacie, time benders dn’t want t be late, but they have a strange resistance t being early, s they dn’t allw enugh time.
43. My methd t be n time is making a clear schedule s that I can prepare in advance. Besides, I am used t allwing enugh time in case smething unexpected happens. Smetimes t get up early, I will set an alarm and check it befre bedtime.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了也许迟到不是我们的错，并介绍了我们为什么会迟到。
【40题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据第三段“Peple wh lack prmptness have been described as “time benders”.(做事不及时的人被称为‘不守时的人’。)”可知，“不守时的人”是做事不及时的人。故答案为It refers t peple wh lack prmptness./Peple wh lack prmptness have been described as “time benders”.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“The punctually-challenged ften share persnality characteristics, such as ptimism, lw levels f self-cntrl, anxiety, r a penchant fr thrill-seeking.(不守时的人通常有共同的性格特征，比如乐观、自制力低、焦虑或喜欢寻求刺激。)”可知，“不守时的人”的性格特征是乐观、自我控制水平低、焦虑或寻求刺激的倾向。故答案为The characteristics such as ptimism, lw levels f self-cntrl, anxiety, r a penchant fr thrill-seeking./They ften share persnality characteristics, such as ptimism, lw levels f self-cntrl, anxiety, r a penchant fr thrill-seeking.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Authr Grace Pacie tld the BBC that “they’re the peple wh dn’t want t be late, but they have a strange resistance t being early, and they dn’t allw enugh time.(作家Grace Pacie告诉BBC：‘他们是不想迟到的人，但他们对早到有一种奇怪的抗拒，他们不给自己足够的时间。’)”可知，不守时的人也不想迟到，但是他们对早到有一种奇怪的抗拒，所以他们不给自己足够的时间，“dn’t care abut being late”是错误的，故答案为Accrding t Grace Pacie, time benders dn’t care abut being late s they dn’t allw enugh time. Accrding t Grace Pacie, time benders dn’t want t be late, but they have a strange resistance t being early, s they dn’t allw enugh time.
【43题详解】
考查推理判断。根据我自己的经验，我准时的方法是制定一个明确的时间表，这样我就可以提前做好准备。此外，我习惯留出足够的时间，以防意外发生。有时为了早起，我会设置闹钟并在睡觉前检查它。故答案为My methd t be n time is making a clear schedule s that I can prepare in advance. Besides, I am used t allwing enugh time in case smething unexpected happens. Smetimes t get up early, I will set an alarm and check it befre bedtime.
第二节 作文（20 分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim计划明年来北京上大学学习中文，特发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 推荐他上哪所大学；
3. 建议他做哪些准备工作。
注意：1. 词数100 词左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】范文：
Dear Jim,
Yu culdn’t imagine hw happy I am when learning that yu’ll cme t Beijing t attend cllege. Welcme t Beijing!
I strngly recmmend Peking University t yu. It ffers the best curses f Chinese histry and philsphy. Studying with leading experts and utstanding schlmates, yu will get a deeper insight int traditinal Chinese culture.
As fr preparatin, I suggest yu surf the Internet fr sme relevant infrmatin abut this university, such as its histry and develpment, its academic perfrmance and varius departments. Mrever, yu had better learn sme Chinese in rder t cmmunicate with thers better n campus.
Hpe my suggestins will be f sme help. If yu have any questin, just feel free t cntact me. I culdn’t wait t see yu next semester in Beijing!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国好友Jim写封邮件，欢迎他来北京上大学学习中文，推荐他上哪所大学，建议他做哪些准备工作。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：happy→delighted
提供：ffer→prvide
专家：expert→specialist
另外：mrever→furthermre
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Studying with leading experts and utstanding schlmates, yu will get a deeper insight int traditinal Chinese culture.
拓展句：If yu study with leading experts and utstanding schlmates, yu will get a deeper insight int traditinal Chinese culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Yu culdn’t imagine hw happy I am when learning that yu’ll cme t Beijing t attend cllege. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句，省略句和that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] If yu have any questin, just feel free t cntact me. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)