还剩25页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：2024濮阳一中高二下学期5月期中考试及答案(九科)
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
2024濮阳一中高二下学期5月期中考试英语含解析
展开
这是一份2024濮阳一中高二下学期5月期中考试英语含解析，共28页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（时间：120分钟 满分：150分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The United Kingdm is a land f natural beauty and histry, with many f its finest attractins discvered thrugh hiking. Nw, dust ff yur bts, plan accrding t the fllwing rutes presented by a survey f senir hikers and an incredible experience will wait fr yu.
Wales Castal Path
Wales is the nly cuntry in the wrld that has an fficial walking path cvering its whle brders. The Wales Castal Path is a ftpath stretching 870 miles frm Chester t Chepstw. Walking the whle thing might be demanding, but there are plenty f stretches that can be enjyed ver a day r tw.
Suthwest Cast Path
Yu need a fair amunt f annual leave, a casual 52 days r s, t undertake this in ne g. The rute runs frm Smerset all the way t Drset, via rugged cliffs, cute fishing villages and surfing spts alng the castline. Yu can surely jump n t any pint as yu like, but yu can't affrd t miss all the pubs full f jkes and laughter n the way!
Cast t Cast Walk
This lng-distance trail isn’t fficial, but ppular in the cuntry, taking hikers frm the Irish Sea t the Nrth Sea as it rlls int histric Rbin Hd’s Bay in Yrkshire. Fllwing lcal ftpaths, the rute takes yu thrugh three UK Natinal Parks: the Lakes, the Yrkshire Dales and the Nrth Yrk Mrs.
Cleveland Way
Yu’ll want nine days t flly cmplete this hike, which explres bth the Nrth Yrk Mrs and the cunty’s wrld-famus castline. Just make sure yu allw enugh time t prperly enjy spts like Rseberry Tpping hill and pick up a gentle afternn walk at Whitby’s clifftp church.
1. Wh will be mre interested in the rutes?
A. Explrers in the UK.B. Hiking lvers.
C. Nature phtgraphers.D. Field researchers.
2. What is highly recmmended abut Suthwest Cast Path?
A. Fishing villages.B. Surfing spts.
C. Lcal pubs.D. Natinal parks.
3. What d the fur rutes have in cmmn?
A. They include cliffs wrth visiting.B. They are fficial and demanding.
C. They run alng the cast.D. They can be cmpleted in a mnth.
B
Abut a decade ag, Lawsn was at a beach in Virginia watching his kids build castles right next t the waves.
“I kept trying t get them t cme back because I thught it was a terrible idea,” he remarked. He wanted them t build their sandcastles clser t the dunes. But they fund it mre exciting t build right where the waves hit, seeing their sandcastles get destryed, and then rebuilding them with whatever debris washed up frm the cean. “It seemed s symblic, smehw, f hw life wrks mre than just building yur perfect sandcastles,” said Lawsn. When he decided t turn that sunny day int a children’s bk, the idea came t just use pictures. “It seemed like it wuld wrk beautifully withut wrds,” he said.
A Day fr Sandcastles is illustrated by Qin Leng. It’s the secnd wrdless picture bk fr Lawsn and Leng since 2021’s Over the Shp. Leng’s illustratins stay pretty true t real life. Three siblings spend the day building sandcastles and watching them get destryed by a flying hat. “T me it’s a celebratin f childhd and the simple jys f life. These are the things I like t capture,” said Leng.
Leng spent part f her childhd in France, and she was inspired by Eurpean cmic bks. “What I lve t d when I illustrate a picture bk is add side stries t the main stryline. I always think abut the readers and the lngevity f the bk, and I want them t be able t discver smething new every time they revisit the bk,” Leng explained.
At the end f the day, the sleepy-eyed kids pile int the bus that will take them hme. “Thse last pages are sme f my favrite. They capture that feeling like at the end f the day n the beach, when it’s getting dark and yu feel cmpletely exhausted,” Lawsn said. It must be a universal childhd feeling: happy with sand, sticky frm the salt, ht frm the sun, and ready t fall asleep the mment yu get int the car.
4. Why des Lawsn mentin the scene where the kids built sandcastles?
A. T suggest a way t enjy leisure.B. T remind readers f the childhd.
C. T cnvince us f hw life wrks.D. T tell us the inspiratin fr his bk.
5. What d yu knw abut the tw bks mentined?
A. They are purchased by kids universally.B. Readers can nly find pictures in them.
C. They carry n elements f cmic bks.D. The stries are literally wrks f fantasy.
6. Hw des Lawsn feel when telling us the last pages in the last paragraph?
A. Relieved.B. Pleased.C. Disturbed.D. Exhausted.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the passage?
A. Childhd in sandcastlesB. Beautiful childhd memries
C. Ppular illustrated bksD. Explre the mystery f nature
C
The wrds “caring” and “empathetic” (共情的) aren’t nes nrmally assciated with technlgy. Yearsley, an Australian enterpriser wh is expert in artificial intelligence (AI), is trying t change that.
Yearsley is the funder f Akin, a rbtics startup that currently uses a tablet-based system t help users manage the tasks related t hme life, whether that’s planning meals r reminding yu t pay yur cell phne bill. Current hme devices made by Ggle r Amazn r Apple use predictive AI t track patterns, strengthen behavirs and manipulate (操控) buying decisins, sme f which, she assumes, are questinable r just unhealthy.
In cntrast the AI that she is develping will be designed t run the human hme, encuraging healthful decisins such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supprting scial interactins like lunches r birthday celebratins with friends. “It’s the hardest AI I have ever built fr it’s a cmplex system,” Yearsley says.
Yearsley began develping the Akin technlgy in 2017, when she realized the need t better manage the hme is hugely ignred. Besides, she realized that wmen unequally bear the burden f husehld wrk. A United Natins’ reprt estimates that wmen d2.6 times the amunt f unpaid care and dmestic wrk that men d, r clse t 30 hurs per week in the U. S. alne.
While Yearsley pictures an army f rbts smeday helping with rutine hmemade tasks, the first display fr Akin will take time and mney. Akin has received sme early seed mney frm a handful f investrs, and was recently selected as a finalist fr tech giant LG Nva’s Missin fr the Future prgram, an annual challenge that seeks t identify businesses having ptential t imprve life and lead sciety int the future.
8. What might the Akin’s AI system suggest?
A. Cnsuming mre drinks t enjy yurself.B. Staying up late wrking t make mre mney.
C. Spending mre time staying with yur family.D. Purchasing prducts that may attract yu.
9 What made Yearsley develp the Akin’s AI system?
A. The high cst f current hme devices.B. Akin’s becming a finalist fr a prgram.
C. Financial supprt frm investrs.D. Heavy burden f husewives.
10. What can be used t describe the Akin’s AI system?
A. Questinable and unhealthy.B. Unstable and insecure.
C. Thughtful and innvative.D. Mature and ideal.
11. What’s the purpse f the text?
A. T intrduce a futuristic AI system.B. T cmpare tw cmpanies’ AI systems.
C. T call n peple t care abut husewives.D. T seek supprt fr an AI expert.
D
The Amazn rainfrest, is as undisturbed a place as mst peple can imagine, but even there, the effects f a changing climate are playing ut. Nw, research suggests that many f the regin’s mst sensitive bird species are starting t evlve in respnse t warming.
Birds are ften cnsidered sentinel (哨兵) species —meaning that they indicate the verall health f an ecsystem — s scientists are particularly interested in hw they’re respnding t climate change. In general, the news has nt been gd. Fr instance, a2019 reprt by the Natinal Audubn Sciety fund that mre than tw-thirds f Nrth America’s bird species will be in danger f extinctin by 2100 if warming trends cntinue n their current curse.
Fr the new study, researchers cllected the biggest data set s far n the Amazn’s resident birds, representing 77 nn-migratry species and lasting the 40 years frm 1979t 2019. During the study perid, the average temperature in the regin rse, while the amunt f rainfall declined, making fr a htter, dryer climate verall. Accrding t the reprt n Nvember 12 in the jurnal Science Advances, 36 species have lst substantial weight, as much as 2 percent f their bdy weight per decade since 1980. Meanwhile, all the species shwed sme decrease in average bdy mass, while a third grew lnger wings.
Because f the study’s lng time series and large sample sizes, the authrs were able t shw the mrphlgical (形态学的) effects f climate change n resident birds. Hwever, the researchers themselves are unsure and wnder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppse smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cl. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate f surface area t bdy size, s they dissipate mre heat faster than a bigger animal. Less available fd, such as fruit r insects, in dryer weather might lead t smaller bdy size.
12. Why are scientists fnd f ding research n birds?
A. They have small bdy sizes.B. They are sensitive t ht weather.
C. They live in an undisturbed rainfrest.D. They are eclgical balance indicatrs.
13. What can we learn frm the new study?
A. A third f species have been extinct fr a decade.
B. 36 species lst 2% f their bdy weight every year.
C. Tw-thirds f species shwed a cnsiderable decrease in weight.
D. Abut 26 species respnded t climate change with lnger wings.
14. What des the underlined wrd “dissipate” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Put ff.B. Give ff.C. Put away.D. Give away.
15. What wuld prbably the researchers further study?
A. Why it is easier fr smaller animals t keep cl.
B. What effects the wing length changes have n birds.
C. Why the Amaznian birds have lst substantial weight.
D. Whether bird species in Nrth America will be extinct in 2100.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Critical (批判的) thinking is the art f using reasn t analyze ideas and dig deeper t get t ur true ptential. It desn’t mean yu’re thinking harder r lnger. ____16____ Here are sme tips and ideas t help yu build a fundatin fr critical thinking.
Questin yur assumptins. We make a lt f assumptins abut almst everything. It’s hw ur brain prcesses certain pieces f infrmatin, and hw we get alng in everyday life. Yu culd say they are the fundatin f ur critical framewrk. ____17____ Then the whle fundatin needs t be rebuilt, frm the bttm up.
Dn’t take infrmatin n authrity until yu've investigated it yurself. Instead f duble-checking everything anyne says we tend t label infrmatin as either cming frm a trustwrthy r nt trustwrthy surce. This keeps us frm duble-checking every piece f infrmatin that cmes ur way, saving time and energy. But it als keeps us frm getting t the bttm f things we think f as cming frm a trustwrthy surce, even when they dn’t. ___18___
Put yurself in ther peple’s shes. Empathy can als help yu develp yur critical thinking skills. ____19____ Yu may find that a little understanding facilitates a deeper insight int ther peple and their behavir. The deeper yur insight int yurself and thers, the wiser yur decisins will be.
___20___ There is n way t learn better than learning frm yur friends. If yu nly want t be a big fish swimming in the little pnd just because yur eg (自负) feels gd, keep this part. If yu are wndering abut hw t develp critical skills, make friends with smart peple and thrw away yur eg.
A. Actually, it’s abut thinking better.
B. Surrund yurself with peple smarter than yu.
C. Be smene that peple knw that they can cunt n.
D. Yu shuld nt judge thers until yu fully understand their situatin.
E. But what if they turned ut t be wrng r at least nt entirely truthful?
F. The reasn is that understanding des nt always g with the right actin.
G. S what is published in a magazine r nline desn’t mean it’s necessarily true.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A little girl was enjying the beautiful garden in her hme. Her father had a gd cllectin f rare and prized plants, which he ____21____ with great care.
The girl was ____22____ by a plant full f delicate flwers. She apprached it and admired its striking beauty. Suddenly she ____23____ that the plant was in a pile f filth (污秽). She culd nt tlerate the ____24____ f dirt with such fantastic flwers.
She wrked ut a plan t clean the plant. She ____25____ the plant with all her might frm the dirt and washed its ____26____ in running tap water till all traces f dirt were washed away. She then placed the plant n a clean stne and went away, prud that she had dne a great ____27____.
Later her father came t the garden and sptted the uprted plant, which had lain ____28____ in the baking sun. His little daughter ran ver t ____29____ her achievement. “I have cleaned it, Daddy,” she reprted _____30_____
The father shwed her hw her treatment had nearly killed the plant and tld her that the filthy sil was the best _____31_____ t grw that plant. Hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.
A great gardener mixes the _____32_____ sil fr each plant. _____33_____, Gd prvides each f us with the best _____34_____ required fr ptimum (最佳) spiritual grwth. But it may appear t be _____35_____ and we may even cmplain t Gd abut ur difficulty.
21. A. weeded utB. brught upC. attended tD. fed n
22. A. frightenedB. attractedC. attackedD. shcked
23. A. recalledB. ntedC. recgnizedD. cncluded
24. A. frmatinB. presentatinC. presenceD. cmpsitin
25. A. heldB. pickedC. pulledD. pushed
26. A. flwersB. branchesC. leavesD. rts
27. A. deedB. dealC. peratinD. prject
28. A. burningB. bathingC. breathingD. dying
29. A. cnfirmB. exhibitC. evaluateD. celebrate
30. A. inncentlyB. distantlyC. decisivelyD. thughtlessly
31. A. shelterB. medicineC. mediumD. venue
32. A. rightB. sameC. dirtyD. lse
33. A. MreverB. LikewiseC. RatherD. Nevertheless
34. A. envirnmentB. mdeC. neighburhdD. pprtunity
35. A. invisibleB. disrganizedC. prperD. unpleasant
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China Befre China, ____36____ eight-episde dcumentary that tells stries f the rigins and early develpment f Chinese civilizatin based n archaelgical findings, is airing nw.
The dcumentary ____37____ (start) frm the Qin and Han dynasties and then traces key pints at the dawn f Chinese civilizatin. The verall narratin f the wrk remains clear, lgical and ____38____ (accurate) cnveys the sites and relics. “____39____ we want t explre are the characteristics f Chinese civilizatin and its spirit transmitted thrugh ur bld, frm which we can trace the cultural genes that make us the Chinese peple,” says Jin Ruigu, chief supervisr f the dcumentary.
The crew spent mnths ____40____ (examine) archelgical reprts and articles. Fr instance, they explred the ____41____ (symbl) meaning f dragn thrugh dragn-shaped artefacts. T make this brief histry f early Chinese civilizatin wrk, the prductin team filmed 230 dmestic sites and museums, and these vide clips will als be screened at 18-museums ____42____ (invlve). Based n the infrmatin, they used digital technlgy ____43____ (bring)-ancient architecture and cities back t life, and invited actrs t re-create scenes f daily life. All f this prvides the audience ____44____ a direct and visual idea f the lng past. It vividly illustrates the prcess f histrical develpment, which is the ultimate gal f histrical research and archaelgical ______45______ (explre).
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你收到了英国朋友Mike寄来的英文诗歌选集。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示感谢;
2.回赠礼物;
3.你的祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Dr. Hendersn was assigning (指定) prject partner fr his psychlgy (心理学) class, I secretly hped that he wuld pair me with my best friend r at least a classmate I culd have sme fun with. Abve all, I hped he wuldn’t assign me t wrk with the fiercely cmpetitive and extremely serius fellw wh always wre dark clthes and apparently had a persnality t match. As fate (命运) wuld have it, Dr. Hendersn very designedly matched everyne in class and annunced that I wuld be wrking with the ne persn in class I wanted t avid.
I went up t my new teammate and intrduced myself. He lked at me as thugh I weren’t there. I felt he treated me as thugh I wuld hld him back and prbably make him fail t get an A in the curse. He wasn’t mean r rude but he just gave me the impressin that he culd d whatever prject we dreamed up better if he did it alne.
Needless t say, I didn’t lk frward t being lked dwn upn s I tried t make the best f it and didn’t say anything fr fear that I wuld make things wrse.
The prject required each team t develp a hypthesis (假说), set up an experiment t test the hypthesis, analyze the data and present the findings. Whatever grade the team received wuld be shared by bth students.
When my teammate and I met t discuss ur prject, I was uneasy. Here was this challenging student wh had been knwn fr single-mindedness and gd grades — the exact ppsite f me. I actually wanted t drp the class at ne pint, but stpped shrt because I didn’t want t give him the satisfactin f my chickening ut (临阵脱逃) . I decided t stick t it n matter what.
After lng discussins we smehw agreed t d a study n the psychlgical well-being (健康) f teenagers. I wasn’t sure what it meant exactly but at least we had a tpic.
注意：1. 续写词数应150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We started t meet regularly t draw up ur plans.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One day I gt wrd that he was admitted t hspital (住院) fr a serius disease.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
濮阳市一高2022级高二下学期期中质量检测
英语试题
（时间：120分钟 满分：150分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The United Kingdm is a land f natural beauty and histry, with many f its finest attractins discvered thrugh hiking. Nw, dust ff yur bts, plan accrding t the fllwing rutes presented by a survey f senir hikers and an incredible experience will wait fr yu.
Wales Castal Path
Wales is the nly cuntry in the wrld that has an fficial walking path cvering its whle brders. The Wales Castal Path is a ftpath stretching 870 miles frm Chester t Chepstw. Walking the whle thing might be demanding, but there are plenty f stretches that can be enjyed ver a day r tw.
Suthwest Cast Path
Yu need a fair amunt f annual leave, a casual 52 days r s, t undertake this in ne g. The rute runs frm Smerset all the way t Drset, via rugged cliffs, cute fishing villages and surfing spts alng the castline. Yu can surely jump n t any pint as yu like, but yu can't affrd t miss all the pubs full f jkes and laughter n the way!
Cast t Cast Walk
This lng-distance trail isn’t fficial, but ppular in the cuntry, taking hikers frm the Irish Sea t the Nrth Sea as it rlls int histric Rbin Hd’s Bay in Yrkshire. Fllwing lcal ftpaths, the rute takes yu thrugh three UK Natinal Parks: the Lakes, the Yrkshire Dales and the Nrth Yrk Mrs.
Cleveland Way
Yu’ll want nine days t flly cmplete this hike, which explres bth the Nrth Yrk Mrs and the cunty’s wrld-famus castline. Just make sure yu allw enugh time t prperly enjy spts like Rseberry Tpping hill and pick up a gentle afternn walk at Whitby’s clifftp church.
1. Wh will be mre interested in the rutes?
A. Explrers in the UK.B. Hiking lvers.
C. Nature phtgraphers.D. Field researchers.
2. What is highly recmmended abut Suthwest Cast Path?
A. Fishing villages.B. Surfing spts.
C. Lcal pubs.D. Natinal parks.
3. What d the fur rutes have in cmmn?
A. They include cliffs wrth visiting.B. They are fficial and demanding.
C. They run alng the cast.D. They can be cmpleted in a mnth.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个徒步的路线以及各自的特点。
1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Nw, dust ff yur bts, plan accrding t the fllwing rutes presented by a survey f senir hikers and an incredible experience will wait fr yu.(现在，掸掉靴子上的灰尘，根据一项针对高级徒步旅行者的调查给出的以下路线进行计划，一场令人难以置信的体验将等待着你)”可知，徒步旅行爱好者会对这些路线更感兴趣。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Yu can surely jump n t any pint as yu like, but yu can’t affrd t miss all the pubs full f jkes and laughter n the way!(你当然可以随心所欲地跳到任何一个点上，但你不能错过路上所有充满笑话和笑声的酒吧！)”可知，西南海岸航道当地的酒吧值得推荐。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据三个小标题“Wales Castal Path；Suthwest Cast Path；Cast t Cast Walk(威尔士海岸小径；西南海岸步道；海岸到海岸步道)”以及最后一段中“Yu’ll want nine days t flly cmplete this hike, which explres bth the Nrth Yrk Mrs and the cunty’s wrld-famus castline. (你将需要9天的时间来完成这趟徒步旅行，它将探索北约克荒原和这个郡举世闻名的海岸线)”可知，这四条路线的共同之处是都沿着海岸。故选C。
B
Abut a decade ag, Lawsn was at a beach in Virginia watching his kids build castles right next t the waves.
“I kept trying t get them t cme back because I thught it was a terrible idea,” he remarked. He wanted them t build their sandcastles clser t the dunes. But they fund it mre exciting t build right where the waves hit, seeing their sandcastles get destryed, and then rebuilding them with whatever debris washed up frm the cean. “It seemed s symblic, smehw, f hw life wrks mre than just building yur perfect sandcastles,” said Lawsn. When he decided t turn that sunny day int a children’s bk, the idea came t just use pictures. “It seemed like it wuld wrk beautifully withut wrds,” he said.
A Day fr Sandcastles is illustrated by Qin Leng. It’s the secnd wrdless picture bk fr Lawsn and Leng since 2021’s Over the Shp. Leng’s illustratins stay pretty true t real life. Three siblings spend the day building sandcastles and watching them get destryed by a flying hat. “T me it’s a celebratin f childhd and the simple jys f life. These are the things I like t capture,” said Leng.
Leng spent part f her childhd in France, and she was inspired by Eurpean cmic bks. “What I lve t d when I illustrate a picture bk is add side stries t the main stryline. I always think abut the readers and the lngevity f the bk, and I want them t be able t discver smething new every time they revisit the bk,” Leng explained.
At the end f the day, the sleepy-eyed kids pile int the bus that will take them hme. “Thse last pages are sme f my favrite. They capture that feeling like at the end f the day n the beach, when it’s getting dark and yu feel cmpletely exhausted,” Lawsn said. It must be a universal childhd feeling: happy with sand, sticky frm the salt, ht frm the sun, and ready t fall asleep the mment yu get int the car.
4. Why des Lawsn mentin the scene where the kids built sandcastles?
A. T suggest a way t enjy leisure.B. T remind readers f the childhd.
C. T cnvince us f hw life wrks.D. T tell us the inspiratin fr his bk.
5. What d yu knw abut the tw bks mentined?
A. They are purchased by kids universally.B. Readers can nly find pictures in them.
C. They carry n elements f cmic bks.D. The stries are literally wrks f fantasy.
6. Hw des Lawsn feel when telling us the last pages in the last paragraph?
A. Relieved.B. Pleased.C. Disturbed.D. Exhausted.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the passage?
A. Childhd in sandcastlesB. Beautiful childhd memries
C. Ppular illustrated bksD. Explre the mystery f nature
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Lawsn创作无字绘本《A Day fr Sandcastles》的灵感来源，以及他和插画师冷琴对该绘本的评价。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ But they fund it mre exciting t build right where the waves hit, seeing their sandcastles get destryed, and then rebuilding them with whatever debris washed up frm the cean. “It seemed s symblic, smehw, f hw life wrks mre than just building yur perfect sandcastles,” said Lawsn. When he decided t turn that sunny day int a children’s bk, the idea came t just use pictures.(但他们发现在海浪袭来的地方建造更令人兴奋，看着他们的沙堡被摧毁，然后用从海洋冲上来的任何碎片重建它们。劳森说:“从某种程度上说，这似乎很有象征意义，说明生活不仅仅是建造完美的沙堡。”当他决定把那个阳光明媚的日子写成一本儿童读物时，他想到了只用图片。)”可推测出，孩子们建造沙煲的场景是他写书的灵感来源。故选D。
5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A Day fr Sandcastles is illustrated by Qin Leng. It’s the secnd wrdless picture bk fr Lawsn and Leng since 2021’s Over the Shp. (《A Day fr Sandcastles》由冷琴插图。这是自2021年的《Over the Shp》以来，Lawsn和冷的第二本无字绘本。)”可知，这两本书都是无字绘本，读者只能在里面找到图片。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘Thse last pages are sme f my favrite. They capture that feeling like at the end f the day n the beach, when it’s getting dark and yu feel cmpletely exhausted,’ Lawsn said. It must be a universal childhd feeling: happy with sand, sticky frm the salt, ht frm the sun, and ready t fall asleep the mment yu get int the car.(Lawsn说：‘最后几页是我最喜欢的。它们捕捉到了一天结束时在海滩上的感觉，天快黑了，你会感到筋疲力尽。’这一定是一种普遍的童年感觉：玩沙子玩得很开心，海水的盐让身体黏呼呼，太阳烤的人燥热，一上车就昏昏欲睡。)”可推测出，Lawsn描述了孩子们玩了一天沙子后的场景，这是童年美好的回忆，他在讲述这最后几页的内容时内心是充满快乐的。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一、二段讲述了十年前带着孩子们在沙滩上建城堡的场景是Lawsn创作书的灵感来源；第三、四、五段描写了插画师冷琴和Lawsn对书的评价。全文围绕《A Day fr Sandcastles》展开，这是一本描述孩子们在沙滩上建造城堡的无字绘本，再根据第三段中的“T me it’s a celebratin f childhd and the simple jys f life.(对我来说，这是对童年和简单生活乐趣的庆祝。)”可知，A项“沙滩城堡里的童年”最适合作本文标题。故选A。
C
The wrds “caring” and “empathetic” (共情的) aren’t nes nrmally assciated with technlgy. Yearsley, an Australian enterpriser wh is expert in artificial intelligence (AI), is trying t change that.
Yearsley is the funder f Akin, a rbtics startup that currently uses a tablet-based system t help users manage the tasks related t hme life, whether that’s planning meals r reminding yu t pay yur cell phne bill. Current hme devices made by Ggle r Amazn r Apple use predictive AI t track patterns, strengthen behavirs and manipulate (操控) buying decisins, sme f which, she assumes, are questinable r just unhealthy.
In cntrast, the AI that she is develping will be designed t run the human hme, encuraging healthful decisins such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supprting scial interactins like lunches r birthday celebratins with friends. “It’s the hardest AI I have ever built fr it’s a cmplex system,” Yearsley says.
Yearsley began develping the Akin technlgy in 2017, when she realized the need t better manage the hme is hugely ignred. Besides, she realized that wmen unequally bear the burden f husehld wrk. A United Natins’ reprt estimates that wmen d2.6 times the amunt f unpaid care and dmestic wrk that men d, r clse t 30 hurs per week in the U. S. alne.
While Yearsley pictures an army f rbts smeday helping with rutine hmemade tasks, the first display fr Akin will take time and mney. Akin has received sme early seed mney frm a handful f investrs, and was recently selected as a finalist fr tech giant LG Nva’s Missin fr the Future prgram, an annual challenge that seeks t identify businesses having ptential t imprve life and lead sciety int the future.
8. What might the Akin’s AI system suggest?
A. Cnsuming mre drinks t enjy yurself.B. Staying up late wrking t make mre mney.
C. Spending mre time staying with yur family.D. Purchasing prducts that may attract yu.
9. What made Yearsley develp the Akin’s AI system?
A. The high cst f current hme devices.B. Akin’s becming a finalist fr a prgram.
C. Financial supprt frm investrs.D. Heavy burden f husewives.
10. What can be used t describe the Akin’s AI system?
A. Questinable and unhealthy.B. Unstable and insecure.
C. Thughtful and innvative.D. Mature and ideal.
11. What’s the purpse f the text?
A. T intrduce a futuristic AI system.B. T cmpare tw cmpanies’ AI systems.
C. T call n peple t care abut husewives.D. T seek supprt fr an AI expert.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了Akin公司的一套未来人工智能系统。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In cntrast, the AI that she is develping will be designed t run the human hme, encuraging healthful decisins such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supprting scial interactins like lunches r birthday celebratins with friends.(相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，给冰箱加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动)”可知Akin的人工智能系统支持与家人一起度过更多时间。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Yearsley began develping the Akin technlgy in 2017, when she realized .the need t better manage the hme is hugely ignred. Besides, she realized that wmen unequally bear the burden f husehld wrk.(Yearsley在2017年开始开发Akin技术，当时她意识到更好地管理家庭的需求被严重忽视。此外，她意识到女性承担家务的负担是不平等的)”可知，Yearsley的AI系统研发的因素之一就是家庭主妇和照顾者的沉重负担。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Current hme devices made by Ggle r Amazn r Apple use predictive AI t track patterns, strengthen behavirs and manipulate (操控) buying decisins, sme f which, she assumes, are questinable r just unhealthy.(目前由谷歌、亚马逊或苹果生产的家用设备使用预测性人工智能来跟踪模式、强化行为并操控购买决策。其中有一些，她认为，是有问题的或者不健康的)”和第三段的“In cntrast, the Al that she is develping will be designed t run the human hme, encuraging healthful decisins such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supprting scial interactins like lunches r birthday celebratins with friends.(相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，给冰箱加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动。)”可知，Akin公司的人工智能系统是考虑周到的且新颖的。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Akin has received sme early seed mney frm a handful f investrs, and was recently selected as a finalist fr tech giant LG Nva’s Missin fr the Future prgram, an annual challenge that seeks t identify businesses having ptential t imprve life and lead sciety int the future.( Akin已经从一些投资者那里获得了一些早期种子资金，最近还入选了科技巨头LG Nva的“未来使命”项目的决赛名单，该项目是一个年度挑战，旨在寻找有潜力改善生活、引领社会走向未来的企业)”并结合全文可知，本文的目的是介绍Akin公司的一套未来人工智能系统。故选A。
D
The Amazn rainfrest, is as undisturbed a place as mst peple can imagine, but even there, the effects f a changing climate are playing ut. Nw, research suggests that many f the regin’s mst sensitive bird species are starting t evlve in respnse t warming.
Birds are ften cnsidered sentinel (哨兵) species —meaning that they indicate the verall health f an ecsystem — s scientists are particularly interested in hw they’re respnding t climate change. In general, the news has nt been gd. Fr instance, a2019 reprt by the Natinal Audubn Sciety fund that mre than tw-thirds f Nrth America’s bird species will be in danger f extinctin by 2100 if warming trends cntinue n their current curse.
Fr the new study, researchers cllected the biggest data set s far n the Amazn’s resident birds, representing 77 nn-migratry species and lasting the 40 years frm 1979t 2019. During the study perid, the average temperature in the regin rse, while the amunt f rainfall declined, making fr a htter, dryer climate verall. Accrding t the reprt n Nvember 12 in the jurnal Science Advances, 36 species have lst substantial weight, as much as 2 percent f their bdy weight per decade since 1980. Meanwhile, all the species shwed sme decrease in average bdy mass, while a third grew lnger wings.
Because f the study’s lng time series and large sample sizes, the authrs were able t shw the mrphlgical (形态学的) effects f climate change n resident birds. Hwever, the researchers themselves are unsure and wnder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppse smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cl. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate f surface area t bdy size, s they dissipate mre heat faster than a bigger animal. Less available fd, such as fruit r insects, in dryer weather might lead t smaller bdy size.
12. Why are scientists fnd f ding research n birds?
A. They have small bdy sizes.B. They are sensitive t ht weather.
C. They live in an undisturbed rainfrest.D. They are eclgical balance indicatrs.
13. What can we learn frm the new study?
A. A third f species have been extinct fr a decade.
B. 36 species lst 2% f their bdy weight every year.
C. Tw-thirds f species shwed a cnsiderable decrease in weight.
D. Abut 26 species respnded t climate change with lnger wings.
14. What des the underlined wrd “dissipate” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Put ff.B. Give ff.C. Put away.D. Give away.
15. What wuld prbably the researchers further study?
A. Why it is easier fr smaller animals t keep cl.
B. What effects the wing length changes have n birds.
C. Why the Amaznian birds have lst substantial weight.
D. Whether bird species in Nrth America will be extinct in 2100.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候变化如何影响亚马逊的留鸟及其进化。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Birds are ften cnsidered sentinel (哨兵) species —meaning that they indicate the verall health f an ecsystem — s scientists are particularly interested in hw they’re respnding t climate change.(鸟常被认为是物种的哨兵，指的是它们能暗示生态系统的整体健康，因此科学家关注它们对气候变化的反应)”可知，科学家喜欢研究鸟是因为鸟是生态系统平衡的暗示者。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Fr the new study, researchers cllected the biggest data set s far n the Amazn’s resident birds, representing 77 nn-migratry species and lasting the 40 years frm 1979 t 2019.(在这项新研究中，研究人员收集了迄今为止关于亚马逊留鸟的最大数据集，代表了77种非候鸟，持续从1979年到2019年的40年)”以及“Meanwhile, all the species shwed sme decrease in average bdy mass, while a third grew lnger wings.(同时，所有物种的平均体重都有所下降，而三分之一的物种的翅膀变长了)”可知，在研究的77种不迁移的鸟类中，1/3的鸟长着较长的翅膀。所以，大约26种鸟类长着较长的翅膀来应对气候变化。故选D。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Hwever, the researchers themselves are unsure and wnder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppse smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cl. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate f surface area t bdy size, (然而，研究人员自己也不确定，他们想知道翅膀长度的变化给鸟类带来了什么好处，但假设体型较小的鸟类可能更容易保持凉爽。一般来说，较小的动物有较大的表面积与身体大小的比率)”可知，较小动物的表面积相对于自身整体而言较大，因此散发热量就容易，dissipate的意思是“散发”，与Give ff（散发）的词义一致。A. Put ff 推迟；B. Give ff 散发；C. Put away收起；D. Give away分发。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hwever, the researchers themselves are unsure and wnder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppse smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cl.(然而，研究人员自己也不确定，他们想知道翅膀长度的变化给鸟类带来了什么好处，但假设体型较小的鸟类可能更容易保持凉爽)”可知，研究者将进一步研究鸟的翅膀长度变化对鸟有什么影响。故选B。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Critical (批判的) thinking is the art f using reasn t analyze ideas and dig deeper t get t ur true ptential. It desn’t mean yu’re thinking harder r lnger. ____16____ Here are sme tips and ideas t help yu build a fundatin fr critical thinking.
Questin yur assumptins. We make a lt f assumptins abut almst everything. It’s hw ur brain prcesses certain pieces f infrmatin, and hw we get alng in everyday life. Yu culd say they are the fundatin f ur critical framewrk. ____17____ Then the whle fundatin needs t be rebuilt, frm the bttm up.
Dn’t take infrmatin n authrity until yu've investigated it yurself. Instead f duble-checking everything anyne says, we tend t label infrmatin as either cming frm a trustwrthy r nt trustwrthy surce. This keeps us frm duble-checking every piece f infrmatin that cmes ur way, saving time and energy. But it als keeps us frm getting t the bttm f things we think f as cming frm a trustwrthy surce, even when they dn’t. ___18___
Put yurself in ther peple’s shes. Empathy can als help yu develp yur critical thinking skills. ____19____ Yu may find that a little understanding facilitates a deeper insight int ther peple and their behavir. The deeper yur insight int yurself and thers, the wiser yur decisins will be.
___20___ There is n way t learn better than learning frm yur friends. If yu nly want t be a big fish swimming in the little pnd just because yur eg (自负) feels gd, keep this part. If yu are wndering abut hw t develp critical skills, make friends with smart peple and thrw away yur eg.
A. Actually, it’s abut thinking better.
B. Surrund yurself with peple smarter than yu.
C. Be smene that peple knw that they can cunt n.
D. Yu shuld nt judge thers until yu fully understand their situatin.
E. But what if they turned ut t be wrng, r at least nt entirely truthful?
F. The reasn is that understanding des nt always g with the right actin.
G. S what is published in a magazine r nline desn’t mean it’s necessarily true.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. G 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。批判性思维是一种运用理性分析思想、深入挖掘以达到真正潜能艺术。这是更好地思考。文中介绍了一些帮助你建立批判性思维基础的技巧和想法：勇于质疑、会移情，为他人着想、与聪明的人相处等。
【16题详解】
本段是对批判性思维的定义。根据空前“It desn’t mean yu’re thinking harder r lnger.(这并不是你思考的更久或更长)”可知，批判性思维并不是你思考的更久或更长，空处应是接着进行解释“而是……”，选项A“实际上，它是关于更好地思考”符合语境，“不是……而是……”是一种常用的解释，故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据空后“Then the whle fundatin needs t be rebuilt, frm the bttm up.(那么整个基础就需要自下而上重建)”可推断，需要重建说明假设是错误的，分析选项，E项“但是如果它们被证明是错误的，或者至少不是完全真实的呢？”符合语境，与后面的整个基础就需要重建是互为条件。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据本段首句“Dn’t take infrmatin n authrity until yu've investigated it yurself.(在你自己调查之前，不要轻信权威人士的信息)”及空前一句“But it als keeps us frm getting t the bttm f things we think f as cming frm a trustwrthy surce, even when they dn’t.(但它也使我们无法弄清我们认为来自可靠来源的事情的真相，即使事实并非如此)”可知，本段主要讲不要轻信权威，我们认为来自权威来源的信息有时事实并非如此，分析选项可知，G项“所以杂志或网络上发表的内容并不意味着这是真的”符合语境，因为杂志上发表的东西相对是权威性的。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据本段主题句“Put yurself in ther peple’s shes.(设身处地为别人着想)”可知，本段主要讲述要设身处地为别人着想，结合空后“Yu may find that a little understanding facilitates a deeper insight int ther peple and their behavir.(你可能会发现，些许的理解有助于更深入地了解他人及其行为)”可知，D项“不理解别人时不要评价别人”与此处语义一致，D项选中的动词understand与空后的名词understanding呼应。故选D项。
【20题详解】
空处是本段主题句，根据本段最后一句“If yu are wndering abut hw t develp critical skills, make friends with smart peple and thrw away yur eg.(如果你想知道如何培养关键技能，和聪明的人交朋友，抛弃你的自负)”可知，本段主要讲要与聪明的人在一起，分析选项可知B项“和比你更聪明的在一起”符合题意。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A little girl was enjying the beautiful garden in her hme. Her father had a gd cllectin f rare and prized plants, which he ____21____ with great care.
The girl was ____22____ by a plant full f delicate flwers. She apprached it and admired its striking beauty. Suddenly she ____23____ that the plant was in a pile f filth (污秽). She culd nt tlerate the ____24____ f dirt with such fantastic flwers.
She wrked ut a plan t clean the plant. She ____25____ the plant with all her might frm the dirt and washed its ____26____ in running tap water till all traces f dirt were washed away. She then placed the plant n a clean stne and went away, prud that she had dne a great ____27____.
Later her father came t the garden and sptted the uprted plant, which had lain ____28____ in the baking sun. His little daughter ran ver t ____29____ her achievement. “I have cleaned it, Daddy,” she reprted _____30_____
The father shwed her hw her treatment had nearly killed the plant and tld her that the filthy sil was the best _____31_____ t grw that plant. Hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.
A great gardener mixes the _____32_____ sil fr each plant. _____33_____, Gd prvides each f us with the best _____34_____ required fr ptimum (最佳) spiritual grwth. But it may appear t be _____35_____ and we may even cmplain t Gd abut ur difficulty.
21. A. weeded utB. brught upC. attended tD. fed n
22. A. frightenedB. attractedC. attackedD. shcked
23. A. recalledB. ntedC. recgnizedD. cncluded
24. A. frmatinB. presentatinC. presenceD. cmpsitin
25. A. heldB. pickedC. pulledD. pushed
26. A. flwersB. branchesC. leavesD. rts
27 A. deedB. dealC. peratinD. prject
28. A. burningB. bathingC. breathingD. dying
29. A. cnfirmB. exhibitC. evaluateD. celebrate
30. A. inncentlyB. distantlyC. decisivelyD. thughtlessly
31. A. shelterB. medicineC. mediumD. venue
32. A. rightB. sameC. dirtyD. lse
33. A. MreverB. LikewiseC. RatherD. Nevertheless
34. A. envirnmentB. mdeC. neighburhdD. pprtunity
35. A. invisibleB. disrganizedC. prperD. unpleasant
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述一个小女孩和她的父亲养护植物的故事，揭示了每个人都有其最适合的成长环境，即使这个环境在别人看来可能并不理想。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的父亲有一些稀有且珍贵的植物，他非常小心地照料着。A. weeded ut除去；B. brught up抚养；C. attended t照料；D. fed n以……为食。根据“Her father had a gd cllectin f rare and prized plants”以及“with great care”可知，这里是说父亲照料这些植物，所以选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：小女孩被一株满是精致花朵的植物吸引了。A. frightened吓到；B. attracted吸引；C. attacked攻击；D. shcked震惊。根据“She apprached it and admired its striking beauty.”可知，这里是说小女孩被这株植物吸引，所以选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她突然注意到这株植物在一堆污秽之中。A. recalled回忆起；B. nted注意到；C. recgnized认出；D. cncluded得出结论。根据上文的动作apprached和admired以及下文的“the plant was in a pile f filth”可知，小女孩在欣赏花朵的时候突然注意到了周围的污秽，所以选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她无法忍受这么美丽的花朵与污秽的存在。A. frmatin形成；B. presentatin展示；C. presence存在；D. cmpsitin构成。根据“the plant was in a pile f filth”以及“She culd nt tlerate the 4 f dirt with such fantastic flwers.”可知，小女孩无法忍受美丽的花朵与污秽共存，所以选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用尽全力把植物从泥土中拔出来，用流动的自来水冲洗它的根部，直到洗去所有的污垢。A. held握住；B. picked挑选；C. pulled拔出；D. pushed推。根据“with all her might frm the dirt”以及第四段中的“the uprted plant”可知，小女孩是在用力拔出这株植物，所以选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. flwers花朵；B. branches树枝；C. leaves叶子；D. rts根部。根据“the plant was in a pile f filth”以及“washed its 6 in running tap water till all traces f dirt were washed away”并结合常识可知，小女孩是在洗涤植物的根部，所以选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她把植物放在一块干净的石头上，然后走开了，为自己做了一件伟大的事感到自豪。A. deed事情、行为；B. deal交易；C. peratin操作；D. prject项目。根据女孩的一系列动作以及“prud that she had dne a great 7 ”可知，小女孩为自己做了一件伟大的事感到自豪，所以选A。
【28题详解】
考查动名词/形容词词义辨析。句意：后来她的父亲来到花园，发现了那株在烈日下濒临死亡的植物。A. burning燃烧；B. bathing沐浴；C. breathing呼吸；D. dying濒临死亡、垂死的。根据 “the uprted plant, which had lain 8 in the baking sun”以及后文的“her treatment had nearly killed the plant”并结合常识可知，那株植物在烈日下濒临死亡，所以选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的小女儿跑过来展示她的成就。A. cnfirm证实；B. exhibit展示；C. evaluate评估；D. celebrate庆祝。根据“prud that she had dne a great 7 ”可知，小女孩对自己的行为颇为得意，见到父亲连忙跑过去展示自己的成就，所以选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她天真地报告说：“我已经把它清理干净了，爸爸。” A. inncently天真地；B. distantly遥远地；C. decisively果断地；D. thughtlessly轻率地。根据上文女孩拔根洗根的事可知，女孩天真地认为自己做了一件好事，所以选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲向她展示了她的处理方式几乎杀死了植物，并告诉她那堆肮脏的土壤是种植那株植物的最好介质。A. shelter庇护所；B. medicine药物；C. medium介质，培养基，环境；D. venue场所。根据“the filthy sil”以及“grw that plant”可知，土壤是种植植物的介质，所以选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个伟大的园丁为每一株植物配制正确的土壤。A. right正确的；B. same相同的；C. dirty肮脏的；D. lse松散的。根据“A great gardener mixes the 12 sil fr each plant.”以及下文的best和ptimum可知，园丁为每种植物配制合适的土壤，以使其最好地生长，所以选A。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，上帝为我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境。A. Mrever而且；B. Likewise同样；C. Rather相反；D. Nevertheless然而。根据上文植物生长的道理以及下文“Gd prvides each f us with the best 14 required fr ptimum (最佳) spiritual grwth”可知，两者情况是类似的，所以选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. envirnment环境；B. mde模式；C. neighburhd邻居；D. pprtunity机会。根据文中植物与人的类比，结合“fr ptimum (最佳) spiritual grwth”可知，土壤之于植物，正如环境之于人类。所以选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这可能看起来并不愉快，我们甚至可能会向上帝抱怨我们的困难。A. invisible看不见的；B. disrganized混乱的；C. prper适当的；D. unpleasant不愉快的。根据“we may even cmplain t Gd abut ur difficulty”可知，这里是说这个环境可能看起来并不愉快，所以选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China Befre China, ____36____ eight-episde dcumentary that tells stries f the rigins and early develpment f Chinese civilizatin based n archaelgical findings, is airing nw.
The dcumentary ____37____ (start) frm the Qin and Han dynasties and then traces key pints at the dawn f Chinese civilizatin. The verall narratin f the wrk remains clear, lgical and ____38____ (accurate) cnveys the sites and relics. “____39____ we want t explre are the characteristics f Chinese civilizatin and its spirit transmitted thrugh ur bld, frm which we can trace the cultural genes that make us the Chinese peple,” says Jin Ruigu, chief supervisr f the dcumentary.
The crew spent mnths ____40____ (examine) archelgical reprts and articles. Fr instance, they explred the ____41____ (symbl) meaning f dragn thrugh dragn-shaped artefacts. T make this brief histry f early Chinese civilizatin wrk, the prductin team filmed 230 dmestic sites and museums, and these vide clips will als be screened at 18-museums ____42____ (invlve). Based n the infrmatin, they used digital technlgy ____43____ (bring)-ancient architecture and cities back t life, and invited actrs t re-create scenes f daily life. All f this prvides the audience ____44____ a direct and visual idea f the lng past. It vividly illustrates the prcess f histrical develpment, which is the ultimate gal f histrical research and archaelgical ______45______ (explre).
【答案】36. an 37. starts
38. accurately
39. What 40. examining
41. symblic
42. invlved
43. t bring
44. with 45. explratin
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《何以中国》这部纪录片的详细信息。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：《何以中国》是一部八集的纪录片，以考古发现为基础，讲述了中国文明的起源和早期发展。dcumentary为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且eight-episde发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：这部纪录片从秦汉时期开始，追溯了中国文明初期的一些关键点。空处和traces是并列的谓语，使用一般现在时，主语为The dcumentary，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填starts。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：作品整体叙事清晰，逻辑清晰，准确地传达了遗址和文物。修饰动词cnveys需用副词accurately，作状语。故填accurately。
【39题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：该纪录片的总导演金瑞国表示：“我们想要探索的是通过我们的血液传播的中华文明的特征和精神，从中我们可以追踪到使我们成为中国人的文化基因。” 空处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，需用连接代词what引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：工作人员花了几个月的时间研究考古报告和文章。sb. spend time (in) ding sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事花费某人时间”，空处需填动名词examining，作宾语。故填examining。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：例如，他们通过龙形工艺品探索龙的象征意义。修饰名词meaning需用形容词symblic，作定语。故填symblic。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了使这部关于中国早期文明的简史能够发挥作用，制作团队拍摄了230个国内遗址和博物馆，这些视频片段也将在18个相关博物馆放映。空处修饰18-museums，作后置定语，invlve和18-museums为被动关系，需填过去分词形式。故填invlved。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：基于这些信息，他们利用数字技术还原了古代建筑和城市，并邀请演员重新创造了日常生活场景。use sth. t d sth.为固定搭配，意为“用某物做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填t bring。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：所有这些都为观众提供了一个直接而直观的关于过去的想法。prvide sb. with sth.为固定搭配，意为“提供某人某物”。故填with。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：它生动地说明了历史发展的过程，这是历史研究和考古探索的最终目的。空处和research并列，需填名词explratin，表抽象概念，不可数。故填explratin。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你收到了英国朋友Mike寄来的英文诗歌选集。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示感谢;
2.回赠礼物;
3.你的祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mike,
I’ m glad t receive the bk A Cllectin f English Pems. Thank yu fr such a lvely gift as I have been expecting fr a lng time.
I knw yu are interested in traditinal Chinese culture, especially Beijing pera, and therefre I will send a Beijing pera facial makeup t yu. Different types f facial makeup are based n certain persnality, temperament r sme special types f figures fr the use f certain clrs. I hpe yu will like the facial makeup.
Expecting yu t cme t China and experience the rich culture in persn.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇作文属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Mike一封邮件，感谢他寄来的英文诗歌选集。其信件内容包括表示感谢、回赠礼物以及你的祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴：glad→ delighted
不同的：different→varius
喜欢： like→be fnd f
亲自地：in persn→persnally
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m glad t receive the bk A Cllectin f English Pems.
拓展句： I’m glad that I have received the bk A Cllectin f English Pems.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Thank yu fr such a lvely gift as I have been expecting fr a lng time.（运用了as引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】I hpe yu will like the facial makeup.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Dr. Hendersn was assigning (指定) prject partner fr his psychlgy (心理学) class, I secretly hped that he wuld pair me with my best friend r at least a classmate I culd have sme fun with. Abve all, I hped he wuldn’t assign me t wrk with the fiercely cmpetitive and extremely serius fellw wh always wre dark clthes and apparently had a persnality t match. As fate (命运) wuld have it, Dr. Hendersn very designedly matched everyne in class and annunced that I wuld be wrking with the ne persn in class I wanted t avid.
I went up t my new teammate and intrduced myself. He lked at me as thugh I weren’t there. I felt he treated me as thugh I wuld hld him back and prbably make him fail t get an A in the curse. He wasn’t mean r rude but he just gave me the impressin that he culd d whatever prject we dreamed up better if he did it alne.
Needless t say, I didn’t lk frward t being lked dwn upn s I tried t make the best f it and didn’t say anything fr fear that I wuld make things wrse.
The prject required each team t develp a hypthesis (假说), set up an experiment t test the hypthesis, analyze the data and present the findings. Whatever grade the team received wuld be shared by bth students.
When my teammate and I met t discuss ur prject, I was uneasy. Here was this challenging student wh had been knwn fr single-mindedness and gd grades — the exact ppsite f me. I actually wanted t drp the class at ne pint, but stpped shrt because I didn’t want t give him the satisfactin f my chickening ut (临阵脱逃) . I decided t stick t it n matter what.
After lng discussins we smehw agreed t d a study n the psychlgical well-being (健康) f teenagers. I wasn’t sure what it meant exactly, but at least we had a tpic.
注意：1. 续写词数应150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We started t meet regularly t draw up ur plans.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One day I gt wrd that he was admitted t hspital (住院) fr a serius disease.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 We started t meet regularly t draw up ur plans. Cmpanin as I was in the prject, I still had n sense f participating in the prject. My teammate kept his brain ccupied in develping the hypthesis, setting up an experiment t test it, and running the tests alne, leaving me just standing beside him as if I were a fl. “What a dull prject it is!” I murmured t myself. Hwever, smething changed gradually, as I became aware what the tactile-kinesthetic perceptin f space meant. Thanks t the intense, fiercely cmpetitive, singularly serius fellw, the whle prcedure went smthly, clse t the final stage.
One day I gt wrd that he was admitted t hspital (住院) fr a serius disease. Withut any delay, I packed up my schl bag, tk all the experiment statistics and rushed t the hspital. Seeing the pale fellw wearing pure white clthes instead f the annying dark clthes, I felt a sense f sympathy and mercy welling up in my heart. With his guidance, I finished the statistical analysis and presented the findings. It turned ut t be such an amazing and persuasive study that my teammate and I did win the best grade. Nw, we have been mst reliable cperative partners ever since!
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在一次心理学课程任务中，老师把作者与他最想避开的很有个性的学霸变成了搭档，两人不得不在任务中相互磨合，而作者在任务中也渐入佳境，但是搭档突然住院，在搭档的指导下，作者圆满完成了任务，两人也成为最值得信赖的搭档。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们开始定期开会制定计划”可知，第一段可描写作者与搭档的磨合，搭档顾自做任务时作者插不上手，但是作者没有退缩，跟着搭档，作者弄明白了他们所进行的任务，也能帮忙了。
②由第二段首句内容“有一天我听说他得了重病住进了医院”可知，第二段可描写作者在搭档缺席的情况下，由搭档指导，完美完成任务，并于搭档成为好朋友。
2.续写线索：制定计划——看搭档独自做任务——明白任务——任务将近尾声——得知搭档住院——看望搭档——接受指导完成任务——成为最值得信赖的搭档
3.词汇激活
行为类
①忙着做某事：be ccupied in ding sth./be busy ding sth.
②冲向：rush t/dash t
③完成： finish/accmplish
情绪类
①令人恼怒：annying/distressing
②令人惊讶的：amazing/astnishing
【点睛】[高分句型1]Cmpanin as I was in the prject, I still had n sense f participating in the prject.（由as引导的让步状语从句的倒装）
[高分句型2] Hwever, smething changed gradually, as I became aware what the tactile-kinesthetic perceptin f space meant.（由as引导时间状语从句和what引导宾语从句）
[高分句型3]It turned ut t be such an amazing and persuasive study that my teammate and I did win the best grade.（由such…that引导结果状语从句）
（时间：120分钟 满分：150分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The United Kingdm is a land f natural beauty and histry, with many f its finest attractins discvered thrugh hiking. Nw, dust ff yur bts, plan accrding t the fllwing rutes presented by a survey f senir hikers and an incredible experience will wait fr yu.
Wales Castal Path
Wales is the nly cuntry in the wrld that has an fficial walking path cvering its whle brders. The Wales Castal Path is a ftpath stretching 870 miles frm Chester t Chepstw. Walking the whle thing might be demanding, but there are plenty f stretches that can be enjyed ver a day r tw.
Suthwest Cast Path
Yu need a fair amunt f annual leave, a casual 52 days r s, t undertake this in ne g. The rute runs frm Smerset all the way t Drset, via rugged cliffs, cute fishing villages and surfing spts alng the castline. Yu can surely jump n t any pint as yu like, but yu can't affrd t miss all the pubs full f jkes and laughter n the way!
Cast t Cast Walk
This lng-distance trail isn’t fficial, but ppular in the cuntry, taking hikers frm the Irish Sea t the Nrth Sea as it rlls int histric Rbin Hd’s Bay in Yrkshire. Fllwing lcal ftpaths, the rute takes yu thrugh three UK Natinal Parks: the Lakes, the Yrkshire Dales and the Nrth Yrk Mrs.
Cleveland Way
Yu’ll want nine days t flly cmplete this hike, which explres bth the Nrth Yrk Mrs and the cunty’s wrld-famus castline. Just make sure yu allw enugh time t prperly enjy spts like Rseberry Tpping hill and pick up a gentle afternn walk at Whitby’s clifftp church.
1. Wh will be mre interested in the rutes?
A. Explrers in the UK.B. Hiking lvers.
C. Nature phtgraphers.D. Field researchers.
2. What is highly recmmended abut Suthwest Cast Path?
A. Fishing villages.B. Surfing spts.
C. Lcal pubs.D. Natinal parks.
3. What d the fur rutes have in cmmn?
A. They include cliffs wrth visiting.B. They are fficial and demanding.
C. They run alng the cast.D. They can be cmpleted in a mnth.
B
Abut a decade ag, Lawsn was at a beach in Virginia watching his kids build castles right next t the waves.
“I kept trying t get them t cme back because I thught it was a terrible idea,” he remarked. He wanted them t build their sandcastles clser t the dunes. But they fund it mre exciting t build right where the waves hit, seeing their sandcastles get destryed, and then rebuilding them with whatever debris washed up frm the cean. “It seemed s symblic, smehw, f hw life wrks mre than just building yur perfect sandcastles,” said Lawsn. When he decided t turn that sunny day int a children’s bk, the idea came t just use pictures. “It seemed like it wuld wrk beautifully withut wrds,” he said.
A Day fr Sandcastles is illustrated by Qin Leng. It’s the secnd wrdless picture bk fr Lawsn and Leng since 2021’s Over the Shp. Leng’s illustratins stay pretty true t real life. Three siblings spend the day building sandcastles and watching them get destryed by a flying hat. “T me it’s a celebratin f childhd and the simple jys f life. These are the things I like t capture,” said Leng.
Leng spent part f her childhd in France, and she was inspired by Eurpean cmic bks. “What I lve t d when I illustrate a picture bk is add side stries t the main stryline. I always think abut the readers and the lngevity f the bk, and I want them t be able t discver smething new every time they revisit the bk,” Leng explained.
At the end f the day, the sleepy-eyed kids pile int the bus that will take them hme. “Thse last pages are sme f my favrite. They capture that feeling like at the end f the day n the beach, when it’s getting dark and yu feel cmpletely exhausted,” Lawsn said. It must be a universal childhd feeling: happy with sand, sticky frm the salt, ht frm the sun, and ready t fall asleep the mment yu get int the car.
4. Why des Lawsn mentin the scene where the kids built sandcastles?
A. T suggest a way t enjy leisure.B. T remind readers f the childhd.
C. T cnvince us f hw life wrks.D. T tell us the inspiratin fr his bk.
5. What d yu knw abut the tw bks mentined?
A. They are purchased by kids universally.B. Readers can nly find pictures in them.
C. They carry n elements f cmic bks.D. The stries are literally wrks f fantasy.
6. Hw des Lawsn feel when telling us the last pages in the last paragraph?
A. Relieved.B. Pleased.C. Disturbed.D. Exhausted.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the passage?
A. Childhd in sandcastlesB. Beautiful childhd memries
C. Ppular illustrated bksD. Explre the mystery f nature
C
The wrds “caring” and “empathetic” (共情的) aren’t nes nrmally assciated with technlgy. Yearsley, an Australian enterpriser wh is expert in artificial intelligence (AI), is trying t change that.
Yearsley is the funder f Akin, a rbtics startup that currently uses a tablet-based system t help users manage the tasks related t hme life, whether that’s planning meals r reminding yu t pay yur cell phne bill. Current hme devices made by Ggle r Amazn r Apple use predictive AI t track patterns, strengthen behavirs and manipulate (操控) buying decisins, sme f which, she assumes, are questinable r just unhealthy.
In cntrast the AI that she is develping will be designed t run the human hme, encuraging healthful decisins such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supprting scial interactins like lunches r birthday celebratins with friends. “It’s the hardest AI I have ever built fr it’s a cmplex system,” Yearsley says.
Yearsley began develping the Akin technlgy in 2017, when she realized the need t better manage the hme is hugely ignred. Besides, she realized that wmen unequally bear the burden f husehld wrk. A United Natins’ reprt estimates that wmen d2.6 times the amunt f unpaid care and dmestic wrk that men d, r clse t 30 hurs per week in the U. S. alne.
While Yearsley pictures an army f rbts smeday helping with rutine hmemade tasks, the first display fr Akin will take time and mney. Akin has received sme early seed mney frm a handful f investrs, and was recently selected as a finalist fr tech giant LG Nva’s Missin fr the Future prgram, an annual challenge that seeks t identify businesses having ptential t imprve life and lead sciety int the future.
8. What might the Akin’s AI system suggest?
A. Cnsuming mre drinks t enjy yurself.B. Staying up late wrking t make mre mney.
C. Spending mre time staying with yur family.D. Purchasing prducts that may attract yu.
9 What made Yearsley develp the Akin’s AI system?
A. The high cst f current hme devices.B. Akin’s becming a finalist fr a prgram.
C. Financial supprt frm investrs.D. Heavy burden f husewives.
10. What can be used t describe the Akin’s AI system?
A. Questinable and unhealthy.B. Unstable and insecure.
C. Thughtful and innvative.D. Mature and ideal.
11. What’s the purpse f the text?
A. T intrduce a futuristic AI system.B. T cmpare tw cmpanies’ AI systems.
C. T call n peple t care abut husewives.D. T seek supprt fr an AI expert.
D
The Amazn rainfrest, is as undisturbed a place as mst peple can imagine, but even there, the effects f a changing climate are playing ut. Nw, research suggests that many f the regin’s mst sensitive bird species are starting t evlve in respnse t warming.
Birds are ften cnsidered sentinel (哨兵) species —meaning that they indicate the verall health f an ecsystem — s scientists are particularly interested in hw they’re respnding t climate change. In general, the news has nt been gd. Fr instance, a2019 reprt by the Natinal Audubn Sciety fund that mre than tw-thirds f Nrth America’s bird species will be in danger f extinctin by 2100 if warming trends cntinue n their current curse.
Fr the new study, researchers cllected the biggest data set s far n the Amazn’s resident birds, representing 77 nn-migratry species and lasting the 40 years frm 1979t 2019. During the study perid, the average temperature in the regin rse, while the amunt f rainfall declined, making fr a htter, dryer climate verall. Accrding t the reprt n Nvember 12 in the jurnal Science Advances, 36 species have lst substantial weight, as much as 2 percent f their bdy weight per decade since 1980. Meanwhile, all the species shwed sme decrease in average bdy mass, while a third grew lnger wings.
Because f the study’s lng time series and large sample sizes, the authrs were able t shw the mrphlgical (形态学的) effects f climate change n resident birds. Hwever, the researchers themselves are unsure and wnder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppse smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cl. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate f surface area t bdy size, s they dissipate mre heat faster than a bigger animal. Less available fd, such as fruit r insects, in dryer weather might lead t smaller bdy size.
12. Why are scientists fnd f ding research n birds?
A. They have small bdy sizes.B. They are sensitive t ht weather.
C. They live in an undisturbed rainfrest.D. They are eclgical balance indicatrs.
13. What can we learn frm the new study?
A. A third f species have been extinct fr a decade.
B. 36 species lst 2% f their bdy weight every year.
C. Tw-thirds f species shwed a cnsiderable decrease in weight.
D. Abut 26 species respnded t climate change with lnger wings.
14. What des the underlined wrd “dissipate” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Put ff.B. Give ff.C. Put away.D. Give away.
15. What wuld prbably the researchers further study?
A. Why it is easier fr smaller animals t keep cl.
B. What effects the wing length changes have n birds.
C. Why the Amaznian birds have lst substantial weight.
D. Whether bird species in Nrth America will be extinct in 2100.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Critical (批判的) thinking is the art f using reasn t analyze ideas and dig deeper t get t ur true ptential. It desn’t mean yu’re thinking harder r lnger. ____16____ Here are sme tips and ideas t help yu build a fundatin fr critical thinking.
Questin yur assumptins. We make a lt f assumptins abut almst everything. It’s hw ur brain prcesses certain pieces f infrmatin, and hw we get alng in everyday life. Yu culd say they are the fundatin f ur critical framewrk. ____17____ Then the whle fundatin needs t be rebuilt, frm the bttm up.
Dn’t take infrmatin n authrity until yu've investigated it yurself. Instead f duble-checking everything anyne says we tend t label infrmatin as either cming frm a trustwrthy r nt trustwrthy surce. This keeps us frm duble-checking every piece f infrmatin that cmes ur way, saving time and energy. But it als keeps us frm getting t the bttm f things we think f as cming frm a trustwrthy surce, even when they dn’t. ___18___
Put yurself in ther peple’s shes. Empathy can als help yu develp yur critical thinking skills. ____19____ Yu may find that a little understanding facilitates a deeper insight int ther peple and their behavir. The deeper yur insight int yurself and thers, the wiser yur decisins will be.
___20___ There is n way t learn better than learning frm yur friends. If yu nly want t be a big fish swimming in the little pnd just because yur eg (自负) feels gd, keep this part. If yu are wndering abut hw t develp critical skills, make friends with smart peple and thrw away yur eg.
A. Actually, it’s abut thinking better.
B. Surrund yurself with peple smarter than yu.
C. Be smene that peple knw that they can cunt n.
D. Yu shuld nt judge thers until yu fully understand their situatin.
E. But what if they turned ut t be wrng r at least nt entirely truthful?
F. The reasn is that understanding des nt always g with the right actin.
G. S what is published in a magazine r nline desn’t mean it’s necessarily true.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A little girl was enjying the beautiful garden in her hme. Her father had a gd cllectin f rare and prized plants, which he ____21____ with great care.
The girl was ____22____ by a plant full f delicate flwers. She apprached it and admired its striking beauty. Suddenly she ____23____ that the plant was in a pile f filth (污秽). She culd nt tlerate the ____24____ f dirt with such fantastic flwers.
She wrked ut a plan t clean the plant. She ____25____ the plant with all her might frm the dirt and washed its ____26____ in running tap water till all traces f dirt were washed away. She then placed the plant n a clean stne and went away, prud that she had dne a great ____27____.
Later her father came t the garden and sptted the uprted plant, which had lain ____28____ in the baking sun. His little daughter ran ver t ____29____ her achievement. “I have cleaned it, Daddy,” she reprted _____30_____
The father shwed her hw her treatment had nearly killed the plant and tld her that the filthy sil was the best _____31_____ t grw that plant. Hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.
A great gardener mixes the _____32_____ sil fr each plant. _____33_____, Gd prvides each f us with the best _____34_____ required fr ptimum (最佳) spiritual grwth. But it may appear t be _____35_____ and we may even cmplain t Gd abut ur difficulty.
21. A. weeded utB. brught upC. attended tD. fed n
22. A. frightenedB. attractedC. attackedD. shcked
23. A. recalledB. ntedC. recgnizedD. cncluded
24. A. frmatinB. presentatinC. presenceD. cmpsitin
25. A. heldB. pickedC. pulledD. pushed
26. A. flwersB. branchesC. leavesD. rts
27. A. deedB. dealC. peratinD. prject
28. A. burningB. bathingC. breathingD. dying
29. A. cnfirmB. exhibitC. evaluateD. celebrate
30. A. inncentlyB. distantlyC. decisivelyD. thughtlessly
31. A. shelterB. medicineC. mediumD. venue
32. A. rightB. sameC. dirtyD. lse
33. A. MreverB. LikewiseC. RatherD. Nevertheless
34. A. envirnmentB. mdeC. neighburhdD. pprtunity
35. A. invisibleB. disrganizedC. prperD. unpleasant
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China Befre China, ____36____ eight-episde dcumentary that tells stries f the rigins and early develpment f Chinese civilizatin based n archaelgical findings, is airing nw.
The dcumentary ____37____ (start) frm the Qin and Han dynasties and then traces key pints at the dawn f Chinese civilizatin. The verall narratin f the wrk remains clear, lgical and ____38____ (accurate) cnveys the sites and relics. “____39____ we want t explre are the characteristics f Chinese civilizatin and its spirit transmitted thrugh ur bld, frm which we can trace the cultural genes that make us the Chinese peple,” says Jin Ruigu, chief supervisr f the dcumentary.
The crew spent mnths ____40____ (examine) archelgical reprts and articles. Fr instance, they explred the ____41____ (symbl) meaning f dragn thrugh dragn-shaped artefacts. T make this brief histry f early Chinese civilizatin wrk, the prductin team filmed 230 dmestic sites and museums, and these vide clips will als be screened at 18-museums ____42____ (invlve). Based n the infrmatin, they used digital technlgy ____43____ (bring)-ancient architecture and cities back t life, and invited actrs t re-create scenes f daily life. All f this prvides the audience ____44____ a direct and visual idea f the lng past. It vividly illustrates the prcess f histrical develpment, which is the ultimate gal f histrical research and archaelgical ______45______ (explre).
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你收到了英国朋友Mike寄来的英文诗歌选集。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示感谢;
2.回赠礼物;
3.你的祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Dr. Hendersn was assigning (指定) prject partner fr his psychlgy (心理学) class, I secretly hped that he wuld pair me with my best friend r at least a classmate I culd have sme fun with. Abve all, I hped he wuldn’t assign me t wrk with the fiercely cmpetitive and extremely serius fellw wh always wre dark clthes and apparently had a persnality t match. As fate (命运) wuld have it, Dr. Hendersn very designedly matched everyne in class and annunced that I wuld be wrking with the ne persn in class I wanted t avid.
I went up t my new teammate and intrduced myself. He lked at me as thugh I weren’t there. I felt he treated me as thugh I wuld hld him back and prbably make him fail t get an A in the curse. He wasn’t mean r rude but he just gave me the impressin that he culd d whatever prject we dreamed up better if he did it alne.
Needless t say, I didn’t lk frward t being lked dwn upn s I tried t make the best f it and didn’t say anything fr fear that I wuld make things wrse.
The prject required each team t develp a hypthesis (假说), set up an experiment t test the hypthesis, analyze the data and present the findings. Whatever grade the team received wuld be shared by bth students.
When my teammate and I met t discuss ur prject, I was uneasy. Here was this challenging student wh had been knwn fr single-mindedness and gd grades — the exact ppsite f me. I actually wanted t drp the class at ne pint, but stpped shrt because I didn’t want t give him the satisfactin f my chickening ut (临阵脱逃) . I decided t stick t it n matter what.
After lng discussins we smehw agreed t d a study n the psychlgical well-being (健康) f teenagers. I wasn’t sure what it meant exactly but at least we had a tpic.
注意：1. 续写词数应150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We started t meet regularly t draw up ur plans.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One day I gt wrd that he was admitted t hspital (住院) fr a serius disease.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
濮阳市一高2022级高二下学期期中质量检测
英语试题
（时间：120分钟 满分：150分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The United Kingdm is a land f natural beauty and histry, with many f its finest attractins discvered thrugh hiking. Nw, dust ff yur bts, plan accrding t the fllwing rutes presented by a survey f senir hikers and an incredible experience will wait fr yu.
Wales Castal Path
Wales is the nly cuntry in the wrld that has an fficial walking path cvering its whle brders. The Wales Castal Path is a ftpath stretching 870 miles frm Chester t Chepstw. Walking the whle thing might be demanding, but there are plenty f stretches that can be enjyed ver a day r tw.
Suthwest Cast Path
Yu need a fair amunt f annual leave, a casual 52 days r s, t undertake this in ne g. The rute runs frm Smerset all the way t Drset, via rugged cliffs, cute fishing villages and surfing spts alng the castline. Yu can surely jump n t any pint as yu like, but yu can't affrd t miss all the pubs full f jkes and laughter n the way!
Cast t Cast Walk
This lng-distance trail isn’t fficial, but ppular in the cuntry, taking hikers frm the Irish Sea t the Nrth Sea as it rlls int histric Rbin Hd’s Bay in Yrkshire. Fllwing lcal ftpaths, the rute takes yu thrugh three UK Natinal Parks: the Lakes, the Yrkshire Dales and the Nrth Yrk Mrs.
Cleveland Way
Yu’ll want nine days t flly cmplete this hike, which explres bth the Nrth Yrk Mrs and the cunty’s wrld-famus castline. Just make sure yu allw enugh time t prperly enjy spts like Rseberry Tpping hill and pick up a gentle afternn walk at Whitby’s clifftp church.
1. Wh will be mre interested in the rutes?
A. Explrers in the UK.B. Hiking lvers.
C. Nature phtgraphers.D. Field researchers.
2. What is highly recmmended abut Suthwest Cast Path?
A. Fishing villages.B. Surfing spts.
C. Lcal pubs.D. Natinal parks.
3. What d the fur rutes have in cmmn?
A. They include cliffs wrth visiting.B. They are fficial and demanding.
C. They run alng the cast.D. They can be cmpleted in a mnth.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个徒步的路线以及各自的特点。
1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Nw, dust ff yur bts, plan accrding t the fllwing rutes presented by a survey f senir hikers and an incredible experience will wait fr yu.(现在，掸掉靴子上的灰尘，根据一项针对高级徒步旅行者的调查给出的以下路线进行计划，一场令人难以置信的体验将等待着你)”可知，徒步旅行爱好者会对这些路线更感兴趣。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Yu can surely jump n t any pint as yu like, but yu can’t affrd t miss all the pubs full f jkes and laughter n the way!(你当然可以随心所欲地跳到任何一个点上，但你不能错过路上所有充满笑话和笑声的酒吧！)”可知，西南海岸航道当地的酒吧值得推荐。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据三个小标题“Wales Castal Path；Suthwest Cast Path；Cast t Cast Walk(威尔士海岸小径；西南海岸步道；海岸到海岸步道)”以及最后一段中“Yu’ll want nine days t flly cmplete this hike, which explres bth the Nrth Yrk Mrs and the cunty’s wrld-famus castline. (你将需要9天的时间来完成这趟徒步旅行，它将探索北约克荒原和这个郡举世闻名的海岸线)”可知，这四条路线的共同之处是都沿着海岸。故选C。
B
Abut a decade ag, Lawsn was at a beach in Virginia watching his kids build castles right next t the waves.
“I kept trying t get them t cme back because I thught it was a terrible idea,” he remarked. He wanted them t build their sandcastles clser t the dunes. But they fund it mre exciting t build right where the waves hit, seeing their sandcastles get destryed, and then rebuilding them with whatever debris washed up frm the cean. “It seemed s symblic, smehw, f hw life wrks mre than just building yur perfect sandcastles,” said Lawsn. When he decided t turn that sunny day int a children’s bk, the idea came t just use pictures. “It seemed like it wuld wrk beautifully withut wrds,” he said.
A Day fr Sandcastles is illustrated by Qin Leng. It’s the secnd wrdless picture bk fr Lawsn and Leng since 2021’s Over the Shp. Leng’s illustratins stay pretty true t real life. Three siblings spend the day building sandcastles and watching them get destryed by a flying hat. “T me it’s a celebratin f childhd and the simple jys f life. These are the things I like t capture,” said Leng.
Leng spent part f her childhd in France, and she was inspired by Eurpean cmic bks. “What I lve t d when I illustrate a picture bk is add side stries t the main stryline. I always think abut the readers and the lngevity f the bk, and I want them t be able t discver smething new every time they revisit the bk,” Leng explained.
At the end f the day, the sleepy-eyed kids pile int the bus that will take them hme. “Thse last pages are sme f my favrite. They capture that feeling like at the end f the day n the beach, when it’s getting dark and yu feel cmpletely exhausted,” Lawsn said. It must be a universal childhd feeling: happy with sand, sticky frm the salt, ht frm the sun, and ready t fall asleep the mment yu get int the car.
4. Why des Lawsn mentin the scene where the kids built sandcastles?
A. T suggest a way t enjy leisure.B. T remind readers f the childhd.
C. T cnvince us f hw life wrks.D. T tell us the inspiratin fr his bk.
5. What d yu knw abut the tw bks mentined?
A. They are purchased by kids universally.B. Readers can nly find pictures in them.
C. They carry n elements f cmic bks.D. The stries are literally wrks f fantasy.
6. Hw des Lawsn feel when telling us the last pages in the last paragraph?
A. Relieved.B. Pleased.C. Disturbed.D. Exhausted.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the passage?
A. Childhd in sandcastlesB. Beautiful childhd memries
C. Ppular illustrated bksD. Explre the mystery f nature
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Lawsn创作无字绘本《A Day fr Sandcastles》的灵感来源，以及他和插画师冷琴对该绘本的评价。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ But they fund it mre exciting t build right where the waves hit, seeing their sandcastles get destryed, and then rebuilding them with whatever debris washed up frm the cean. “It seemed s symblic, smehw, f hw life wrks mre than just building yur perfect sandcastles,” said Lawsn. When he decided t turn that sunny day int a children’s bk, the idea came t just use pictures.(但他们发现在海浪袭来的地方建造更令人兴奋，看着他们的沙堡被摧毁，然后用从海洋冲上来的任何碎片重建它们。劳森说:“从某种程度上说，这似乎很有象征意义，说明生活不仅仅是建造完美的沙堡。”当他决定把那个阳光明媚的日子写成一本儿童读物时，他想到了只用图片。)”可推测出，孩子们建造沙煲的场景是他写书的灵感来源。故选D。
5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A Day fr Sandcastles is illustrated by Qin Leng. It’s the secnd wrdless picture bk fr Lawsn and Leng since 2021’s Over the Shp. (《A Day fr Sandcastles》由冷琴插图。这是自2021年的《Over the Shp》以来，Lawsn和冷的第二本无字绘本。)”可知，这两本书都是无字绘本，读者只能在里面找到图片。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘Thse last pages are sme f my favrite. They capture that feeling like at the end f the day n the beach, when it’s getting dark and yu feel cmpletely exhausted,’ Lawsn said. It must be a universal childhd feeling: happy with sand, sticky frm the salt, ht frm the sun, and ready t fall asleep the mment yu get int the car.(Lawsn说：‘最后几页是我最喜欢的。它们捕捉到了一天结束时在海滩上的感觉，天快黑了，你会感到筋疲力尽。’这一定是一种普遍的童年感觉：玩沙子玩得很开心，海水的盐让身体黏呼呼，太阳烤的人燥热，一上车就昏昏欲睡。)”可推测出，Lawsn描述了孩子们玩了一天沙子后的场景，这是童年美好的回忆，他在讲述这最后几页的内容时内心是充满快乐的。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一、二段讲述了十年前带着孩子们在沙滩上建城堡的场景是Lawsn创作书的灵感来源；第三、四、五段描写了插画师冷琴和Lawsn对书的评价。全文围绕《A Day fr Sandcastles》展开，这是一本描述孩子们在沙滩上建造城堡的无字绘本，再根据第三段中的“T me it’s a celebratin f childhd and the simple jys f life.(对我来说，这是对童年和简单生活乐趣的庆祝。)”可知，A项“沙滩城堡里的童年”最适合作本文标题。故选A。
C
The wrds “caring” and “empathetic” (共情的) aren’t nes nrmally assciated with technlgy. Yearsley, an Australian enterpriser wh is expert in artificial intelligence (AI), is trying t change that.
Yearsley is the funder f Akin, a rbtics startup that currently uses a tablet-based system t help users manage the tasks related t hme life, whether that’s planning meals r reminding yu t pay yur cell phne bill. Current hme devices made by Ggle r Amazn r Apple use predictive AI t track patterns, strengthen behavirs and manipulate (操控) buying decisins, sme f which, she assumes, are questinable r just unhealthy.
In cntrast, the AI that she is develping will be designed t run the human hme, encuraging healthful decisins such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supprting scial interactins like lunches r birthday celebratins with friends. “It’s the hardest AI I have ever built fr it’s a cmplex system,” Yearsley says.
Yearsley began develping the Akin technlgy in 2017, when she realized the need t better manage the hme is hugely ignred. Besides, she realized that wmen unequally bear the burden f husehld wrk. A United Natins’ reprt estimates that wmen d2.6 times the amunt f unpaid care and dmestic wrk that men d, r clse t 30 hurs per week in the U. S. alne.
While Yearsley pictures an army f rbts smeday helping with rutine hmemade tasks, the first display fr Akin will take time and mney. Akin has received sme early seed mney frm a handful f investrs, and was recently selected as a finalist fr tech giant LG Nva’s Missin fr the Future prgram, an annual challenge that seeks t identify businesses having ptential t imprve life and lead sciety int the future.
8. What might the Akin’s AI system suggest?
A. Cnsuming mre drinks t enjy yurself.B. Staying up late wrking t make mre mney.
C. Spending mre time staying with yur family.D. Purchasing prducts that may attract yu.
9. What made Yearsley develp the Akin’s AI system?
A. The high cst f current hme devices.B. Akin’s becming a finalist fr a prgram.
C. Financial supprt frm investrs.D. Heavy burden f husewives.
10. What can be used t describe the Akin’s AI system?
A. Questinable and unhealthy.B. Unstable and insecure.
C. Thughtful and innvative.D. Mature and ideal.
11. What’s the purpse f the text?
A. T intrduce a futuristic AI system.B. T cmpare tw cmpanies’ AI systems.
C. T call n peple t care abut husewives.D. T seek supprt fr an AI expert.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了Akin公司的一套未来人工智能系统。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In cntrast, the AI that she is develping will be designed t run the human hme, encuraging healthful decisins such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supprting scial interactins like lunches r birthday celebratins with friends.(相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，给冰箱加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动)”可知Akin的人工智能系统支持与家人一起度过更多时间。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Yearsley began develping the Akin technlgy in 2017, when she realized .the need t better manage the hme is hugely ignred. Besides, she realized that wmen unequally bear the burden f husehld wrk.(Yearsley在2017年开始开发Akin技术，当时她意识到更好地管理家庭的需求被严重忽视。此外，她意识到女性承担家务的负担是不平等的)”可知，Yearsley的AI系统研发的因素之一就是家庭主妇和照顾者的沉重负担。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Current hme devices made by Ggle r Amazn r Apple use predictive AI t track patterns, strengthen behavirs and manipulate (操控) buying decisins, sme f which, she assumes, are questinable r just unhealthy.(目前由谷歌、亚马逊或苹果生产的家用设备使用预测性人工智能来跟踪模式、强化行为并操控购买决策。其中有一些，她认为，是有问题的或者不健康的)”和第三段的“In cntrast, the Al that she is develping will be designed t run the human hme, encuraging healthful decisins such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supprting scial interactins like lunches r birthday celebratins with friends.(相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，给冰箱加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动。)”可知，Akin公司的人工智能系统是考虑周到的且新颖的。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Akin has received sme early seed mney frm a handful f investrs, and was recently selected as a finalist fr tech giant LG Nva’s Missin fr the Future prgram, an annual challenge that seeks t identify businesses having ptential t imprve life and lead sciety int the future.( Akin已经从一些投资者那里获得了一些早期种子资金，最近还入选了科技巨头LG Nva的“未来使命”项目的决赛名单，该项目是一个年度挑战，旨在寻找有潜力改善生活、引领社会走向未来的企业)”并结合全文可知，本文的目的是介绍Akin公司的一套未来人工智能系统。故选A。
D
The Amazn rainfrest, is as undisturbed a place as mst peple can imagine, but even there, the effects f a changing climate are playing ut. Nw, research suggests that many f the regin’s mst sensitive bird species are starting t evlve in respnse t warming.
Birds are ften cnsidered sentinel (哨兵) species —meaning that they indicate the verall health f an ecsystem — s scientists are particularly interested in hw they’re respnding t climate change. In general, the news has nt been gd. Fr instance, a2019 reprt by the Natinal Audubn Sciety fund that mre than tw-thirds f Nrth America’s bird species will be in danger f extinctin by 2100 if warming trends cntinue n their current curse.
Fr the new study, researchers cllected the biggest data set s far n the Amazn’s resident birds, representing 77 nn-migratry species and lasting the 40 years frm 1979t 2019. During the study perid, the average temperature in the regin rse, while the amunt f rainfall declined, making fr a htter, dryer climate verall. Accrding t the reprt n Nvember 12 in the jurnal Science Advances, 36 species have lst substantial weight, as much as 2 percent f their bdy weight per decade since 1980. Meanwhile, all the species shwed sme decrease in average bdy mass, while a third grew lnger wings.
Because f the study’s lng time series and large sample sizes, the authrs were able t shw the mrphlgical (形态学的) effects f climate change n resident birds. Hwever, the researchers themselves are unsure and wnder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppse smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cl. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate f surface area t bdy size, s they dissipate mre heat faster than a bigger animal. Less available fd, such as fruit r insects, in dryer weather might lead t smaller bdy size.
12. Why are scientists fnd f ding research n birds?
A. They have small bdy sizes.B. They are sensitive t ht weather.
C. They live in an undisturbed rainfrest.D. They are eclgical balance indicatrs.
13. What can we learn frm the new study?
A. A third f species have been extinct fr a decade.
B. 36 species lst 2% f their bdy weight every year.
C. Tw-thirds f species shwed a cnsiderable decrease in weight.
D. Abut 26 species respnded t climate change with lnger wings.
14. What des the underlined wrd “dissipate” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Put ff.B. Give ff.C. Put away.D. Give away.
15. What wuld prbably the researchers further study?
A. Why it is easier fr smaller animals t keep cl.
B. What effects the wing length changes have n birds.
C. Why the Amaznian birds have lst substantial weight.
D. Whether bird species in Nrth America will be extinct in 2100.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候变化如何影响亚马逊的留鸟及其进化。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Birds are ften cnsidered sentinel (哨兵) species —meaning that they indicate the verall health f an ecsystem — s scientists are particularly interested in hw they’re respnding t climate change.(鸟常被认为是物种的哨兵，指的是它们能暗示生态系统的整体健康，因此科学家关注它们对气候变化的反应)”可知，科学家喜欢研究鸟是因为鸟是生态系统平衡的暗示者。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Fr the new study, researchers cllected the biggest data set s far n the Amazn’s resident birds, representing 77 nn-migratry species and lasting the 40 years frm 1979 t 2019.(在这项新研究中，研究人员收集了迄今为止关于亚马逊留鸟的最大数据集，代表了77种非候鸟，持续从1979年到2019年的40年)”以及“Meanwhile, all the species shwed sme decrease in average bdy mass, while a third grew lnger wings.(同时，所有物种的平均体重都有所下降，而三分之一的物种的翅膀变长了)”可知，在研究的77种不迁移的鸟类中，1/3的鸟长着较长的翅膀。所以，大约26种鸟类长着较长的翅膀来应对气候变化。故选D。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Hwever, the researchers themselves are unsure and wnder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppse smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cl. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate f surface area t bdy size, (然而，研究人员自己也不确定，他们想知道翅膀长度的变化给鸟类带来了什么好处，但假设体型较小的鸟类可能更容易保持凉爽。一般来说，较小的动物有较大的表面积与身体大小的比率)”可知，较小动物的表面积相对于自身整体而言较大，因此散发热量就容易，dissipate的意思是“散发”，与Give ff（散发）的词义一致。A. Put ff 推迟；B. Give ff 散发；C. Put away收起；D. Give away分发。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hwever, the researchers themselves are unsure and wnder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppse smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cl.(然而，研究人员自己也不确定，他们想知道翅膀长度的变化给鸟类带来了什么好处，但假设体型较小的鸟类可能更容易保持凉爽)”可知，研究者将进一步研究鸟的翅膀长度变化对鸟有什么影响。故选B。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Critical (批判的) thinking is the art f using reasn t analyze ideas and dig deeper t get t ur true ptential. It desn’t mean yu’re thinking harder r lnger. ____16____ Here are sme tips and ideas t help yu build a fundatin fr critical thinking.
Questin yur assumptins. We make a lt f assumptins abut almst everything. It’s hw ur brain prcesses certain pieces f infrmatin, and hw we get alng in everyday life. Yu culd say they are the fundatin f ur critical framewrk. ____17____ Then the whle fundatin needs t be rebuilt, frm the bttm up.
Dn’t take infrmatin n authrity until yu've investigated it yurself. Instead f duble-checking everything anyne says, we tend t label infrmatin as either cming frm a trustwrthy r nt trustwrthy surce. This keeps us frm duble-checking every piece f infrmatin that cmes ur way, saving time and energy. But it als keeps us frm getting t the bttm f things we think f as cming frm a trustwrthy surce, even when they dn’t. ___18___
Put yurself in ther peple’s shes. Empathy can als help yu develp yur critical thinking skills. ____19____ Yu may find that a little understanding facilitates a deeper insight int ther peple and their behavir. The deeper yur insight int yurself and thers, the wiser yur decisins will be.
___20___ There is n way t learn better than learning frm yur friends. If yu nly want t be a big fish swimming in the little pnd just because yur eg (自负) feels gd, keep this part. If yu are wndering abut hw t develp critical skills, make friends with smart peple and thrw away yur eg.
A. Actually, it’s abut thinking better.
B. Surrund yurself with peple smarter than yu.
C. Be smene that peple knw that they can cunt n.
D. Yu shuld nt judge thers until yu fully understand their situatin.
E. But what if they turned ut t be wrng, r at least nt entirely truthful?
F. The reasn is that understanding des nt always g with the right actin.
G. S what is published in a magazine r nline desn’t mean it’s necessarily true.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. G 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。批判性思维是一种运用理性分析思想、深入挖掘以达到真正潜能艺术。这是更好地思考。文中介绍了一些帮助你建立批判性思维基础的技巧和想法：勇于质疑、会移情，为他人着想、与聪明的人相处等。
【16题详解】
本段是对批判性思维的定义。根据空前“It desn’t mean yu’re thinking harder r lnger.(这并不是你思考的更久或更长)”可知，批判性思维并不是你思考的更久或更长，空处应是接着进行解释“而是……”，选项A“实际上，它是关于更好地思考”符合语境，“不是……而是……”是一种常用的解释，故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据空后“Then the whle fundatin needs t be rebuilt, frm the bttm up.(那么整个基础就需要自下而上重建)”可推断，需要重建说明假设是错误的，分析选项，E项“但是如果它们被证明是错误的，或者至少不是完全真实的呢？”符合语境，与后面的整个基础就需要重建是互为条件。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据本段首句“Dn’t take infrmatin n authrity until yu've investigated it yurself.(在你自己调查之前，不要轻信权威人士的信息)”及空前一句“But it als keeps us frm getting t the bttm f things we think f as cming frm a trustwrthy surce, even when they dn’t.(但它也使我们无法弄清我们认为来自可靠来源的事情的真相，即使事实并非如此)”可知，本段主要讲不要轻信权威，我们认为来自权威来源的信息有时事实并非如此，分析选项可知，G项“所以杂志或网络上发表的内容并不意味着这是真的”符合语境，因为杂志上发表的东西相对是权威性的。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据本段主题句“Put yurself in ther peple’s shes.(设身处地为别人着想)”可知，本段主要讲述要设身处地为别人着想，结合空后“Yu may find that a little understanding facilitates a deeper insight int ther peple and their behavir.(你可能会发现，些许的理解有助于更深入地了解他人及其行为)”可知，D项“不理解别人时不要评价别人”与此处语义一致，D项选中的动词understand与空后的名词understanding呼应。故选D项。
【20题详解】
空处是本段主题句，根据本段最后一句“If yu are wndering abut hw t develp critical skills, make friends with smart peple and thrw away yur eg.(如果你想知道如何培养关键技能，和聪明的人交朋友，抛弃你的自负)”可知，本段主要讲要与聪明的人在一起，分析选项可知B项“和比你更聪明的在一起”符合题意。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A little girl was enjying the beautiful garden in her hme. Her father had a gd cllectin f rare and prized plants, which he ____21____ with great care.
The girl was ____22____ by a plant full f delicate flwers. She apprached it and admired its striking beauty. Suddenly she ____23____ that the plant was in a pile f filth (污秽). She culd nt tlerate the ____24____ f dirt with such fantastic flwers.
She wrked ut a plan t clean the plant. She ____25____ the plant with all her might frm the dirt and washed its ____26____ in running tap water till all traces f dirt were washed away. She then placed the plant n a clean stne and went away, prud that she had dne a great ____27____.
Later her father came t the garden and sptted the uprted plant, which had lain ____28____ in the baking sun. His little daughter ran ver t ____29____ her achievement. “I have cleaned it, Daddy,” she reprted _____30_____
The father shwed her hw her treatment had nearly killed the plant and tld her that the filthy sil was the best _____31_____ t grw that plant. Hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.
A great gardener mixes the _____32_____ sil fr each plant. _____33_____, Gd prvides each f us with the best _____34_____ required fr ptimum (最佳) spiritual grwth. But it may appear t be _____35_____ and we may even cmplain t Gd abut ur difficulty.
21. A. weeded utB. brught upC. attended tD. fed n
22. A. frightenedB. attractedC. attackedD. shcked
23. A. recalledB. ntedC. recgnizedD. cncluded
24. A. frmatinB. presentatinC. presenceD. cmpsitin
25. A. heldB. pickedC. pulledD. pushed
26. A. flwersB. branchesC. leavesD. rts
27 A. deedB. dealC. peratinD. prject
28. A. burningB. bathingC. breathingD. dying
29. A. cnfirmB. exhibitC. evaluateD. celebrate
30. A. inncentlyB. distantlyC. decisivelyD. thughtlessly
31. A. shelterB. medicineC. mediumD. venue
32. A. rightB. sameC. dirtyD. lse
33. A. MreverB. LikewiseC. RatherD. Nevertheless
34. A. envirnmentB. mdeC. neighburhdD. pprtunity
35. A. invisibleB. disrganizedC. prperD. unpleasant
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述一个小女孩和她的父亲养护植物的故事，揭示了每个人都有其最适合的成长环境，即使这个环境在别人看来可能并不理想。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的父亲有一些稀有且珍贵的植物，他非常小心地照料着。A. weeded ut除去；B. brught up抚养；C. attended t照料；D. fed n以……为食。根据“Her father had a gd cllectin f rare and prized plants”以及“with great care”可知，这里是说父亲照料这些植物，所以选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：小女孩被一株满是精致花朵的植物吸引了。A. frightened吓到；B. attracted吸引；C. attacked攻击；D. shcked震惊。根据“She apprached it and admired its striking beauty.”可知，这里是说小女孩被这株植物吸引，所以选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她突然注意到这株植物在一堆污秽之中。A. recalled回忆起；B. nted注意到；C. recgnized认出；D. cncluded得出结论。根据上文的动作apprached和admired以及下文的“the plant was in a pile f filth”可知，小女孩在欣赏花朵的时候突然注意到了周围的污秽，所以选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她无法忍受这么美丽的花朵与污秽的存在。A. frmatin形成；B. presentatin展示；C. presence存在；D. cmpsitin构成。根据“the plant was in a pile f filth”以及“She culd nt tlerate the 4 f dirt with such fantastic flwers.”可知，小女孩无法忍受美丽的花朵与污秽共存，所以选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用尽全力把植物从泥土中拔出来，用流动的自来水冲洗它的根部，直到洗去所有的污垢。A. held握住；B. picked挑选；C. pulled拔出；D. pushed推。根据“with all her might frm the dirt”以及第四段中的“the uprted plant”可知，小女孩是在用力拔出这株植物，所以选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. flwers花朵；B. branches树枝；C. leaves叶子；D. rts根部。根据“the plant was in a pile f filth”以及“washed its 6 in running tap water till all traces f dirt were washed away”并结合常识可知，小女孩是在洗涤植物的根部，所以选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她把植物放在一块干净的石头上，然后走开了，为自己做了一件伟大的事感到自豪。A. deed事情、行为；B. deal交易；C. peratin操作；D. prject项目。根据女孩的一系列动作以及“prud that she had dne a great 7 ”可知，小女孩为自己做了一件伟大的事感到自豪，所以选A。
【28题详解】
考查动名词/形容词词义辨析。句意：后来她的父亲来到花园，发现了那株在烈日下濒临死亡的植物。A. burning燃烧；B. bathing沐浴；C. breathing呼吸；D. dying濒临死亡、垂死的。根据 “the uprted plant, which had lain 8 in the baking sun”以及后文的“her treatment had nearly killed the plant”并结合常识可知，那株植物在烈日下濒临死亡，所以选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的小女儿跑过来展示她的成就。A. cnfirm证实；B. exhibit展示；C. evaluate评估；D. celebrate庆祝。根据“prud that she had dne a great 7 ”可知，小女孩对自己的行为颇为得意，见到父亲连忙跑过去展示自己的成就，所以选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她天真地报告说：“我已经把它清理干净了，爸爸。” A. inncently天真地；B. distantly遥远地；C. decisively果断地；D. thughtlessly轻率地。根据上文女孩拔根洗根的事可知，女孩天真地认为自己做了一件好事，所以选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲向她展示了她的处理方式几乎杀死了植物，并告诉她那堆肮脏的土壤是种植那株植物的最好介质。A. shelter庇护所；B. medicine药物；C. medium介质，培养基，环境；D. venue场所。根据“the filthy sil”以及“grw that plant”可知，土壤是种植植物的介质，所以选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个伟大的园丁为每一株植物配制正确的土壤。A. right正确的；B. same相同的；C. dirty肮脏的；D. lse松散的。根据“A great gardener mixes the 12 sil fr each plant.”以及下文的best和ptimum可知，园丁为每种植物配制合适的土壤，以使其最好地生长，所以选A。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，上帝为我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境。A. Mrever而且；B. Likewise同样；C. Rather相反；D. Nevertheless然而。根据上文植物生长的道理以及下文“Gd prvides each f us with the best 14 required fr ptimum (最佳) spiritual grwth”可知，两者情况是类似的，所以选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. envirnment环境；B. mde模式；C. neighburhd邻居；D. pprtunity机会。根据文中植物与人的类比，结合“fr ptimum (最佳) spiritual grwth”可知，土壤之于植物，正如环境之于人类。所以选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这可能看起来并不愉快，我们甚至可能会向上帝抱怨我们的困难。A. invisible看不见的；B. disrganized混乱的；C. prper适当的；D. unpleasant不愉快的。根据“we may even cmplain t Gd abut ur difficulty”可知，这里是说这个环境可能看起来并不愉快，所以选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China Befre China, ____36____ eight-episde dcumentary that tells stries f the rigins and early develpment f Chinese civilizatin based n archaelgical findings, is airing nw.
The dcumentary ____37____ (start) frm the Qin and Han dynasties and then traces key pints at the dawn f Chinese civilizatin. The verall narratin f the wrk remains clear, lgical and ____38____ (accurate) cnveys the sites and relics. “____39____ we want t explre are the characteristics f Chinese civilizatin and its spirit transmitted thrugh ur bld, frm which we can trace the cultural genes that make us the Chinese peple,” says Jin Ruigu, chief supervisr f the dcumentary.
The crew spent mnths ____40____ (examine) archelgical reprts and articles. Fr instance, they explred the ____41____ (symbl) meaning f dragn thrugh dragn-shaped artefacts. T make this brief histry f early Chinese civilizatin wrk, the prductin team filmed 230 dmestic sites and museums, and these vide clips will als be screened at 18-museums ____42____ (invlve). Based n the infrmatin, they used digital technlgy ____43____ (bring)-ancient architecture and cities back t life, and invited actrs t re-create scenes f daily life. All f this prvides the audience ____44____ a direct and visual idea f the lng past. It vividly illustrates the prcess f histrical develpment, which is the ultimate gal f histrical research and archaelgical ______45______ (explre).
【答案】36. an 37. starts
38. accurately
39. What 40. examining
41. symblic
42. invlved
43. t bring
44. with 45. explratin
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《何以中国》这部纪录片的详细信息。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：《何以中国》是一部八集的纪录片，以考古发现为基础，讲述了中国文明的起源和早期发展。dcumentary为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且eight-episde发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：这部纪录片从秦汉时期开始，追溯了中国文明初期的一些关键点。空处和traces是并列的谓语，使用一般现在时，主语为The dcumentary，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填starts。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：作品整体叙事清晰，逻辑清晰，准确地传达了遗址和文物。修饰动词cnveys需用副词accurately，作状语。故填accurately。
【39题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：该纪录片的总导演金瑞国表示：“我们想要探索的是通过我们的血液传播的中华文明的特征和精神，从中我们可以追踪到使我们成为中国人的文化基因。” 空处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，需用连接代词what引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：工作人员花了几个月的时间研究考古报告和文章。sb. spend time (in) ding sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事花费某人时间”，空处需填动名词examining，作宾语。故填examining。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：例如，他们通过龙形工艺品探索龙的象征意义。修饰名词meaning需用形容词symblic，作定语。故填symblic。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了使这部关于中国早期文明的简史能够发挥作用，制作团队拍摄了230个国内遗址和博物馆，这些视频片段也将在18个相关博物馆放映。空处修饰18-museums，作后置定语，invlve和18-museums为被动关系，需填过去分词形式。故填invlved。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：基于这些信息，他们利用数字技术还原了古代建筑和城市，并邀请演员重新创造了日常生活场景。use sth. t d sth.为固定搭配，意为“用某物做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填t bring。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：所有这些都为观众提供了一个直接而直观的关于过去的想法。prvide sb. with sth.为固定搭配，意为“提供某人某物”。故填with。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：它生动地说明了历史发展的过程，这是历史研究和考古探索的最终目的。空处和research并列，需填名词explratin，表抽象概念，不可数。故填explratin。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你收到了英国朋友Mike寄来的英文诗歌选集。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示感谢;
2.回赠礼物;
3.你的祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mike,
I’ m glad t receive the bk A Cllectin f English Pems. Thank yu fr such a lvely gift as I have been expecting fr a lng time.
I knw yu are interested in traditinal Chinese culture, especially Beijing pera, and therefre I will send a Beijing pera facial makeup t yu. Different types f facial makeup are based n certain persnality, temperament r sme special types f figures fr the use f certain clrs. I hpe yu will like the facial makeup.
Expecting yu t cme t China and experience the rich culture in persn.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇作文属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Mike一封邮件，感谢他寄来的英文诗歌选集。其信件内容包括表示感谢、回赠礼物以及你的祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴：glad→ delighted
不同的：different→varius
喜欢： like→be fnd f
亲自地：in persn→persnally
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m glad t receive the bk A Cllectin f English Pems.
拓展句： I’m glad that I have received the bk A Cllectin f English Pems.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Thank yu fr such a lvely gift as I have been expecting fr a lng time.（运用了as引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】I hpe yu will like the facial makeup.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Dr. Hendersn was assigning (指定) prject partner fr his psychlgy (心理学) class, I secretly hped that he wuld pair me with my best friend r at least a classmate I culd have sme fun with. Abve all, I hped he wuldn’t assign me t wrk with the fiercely cmpetitive and extremely serius fellw wh always wre dark clthes and apparently had a persnality t match. As fate (命运) wuld have it, Dr. Hendersn very designedly matched everyne in class and annunced that I wuld be wrking with the ne persn in class I wanted t avid.
I went up t my new teammate and intrduced myself. He lked at me as thugh I weren’t there. I felt he treated me as thugh I wuld hld him back and prbably make him fail t get an A in the curse. He wasn’t mean r rude but he just gave me the impressin that he culd d whatever prject we dreamed up better if he did it alne.
Needless t say, I didn’t lk frward t being lked dwn upn s I tried t make the best f it and didn’t say anything fr fear that I wuld make things wrse.
The prject required each team t develp a hypthesis (假说), set up an experiment t test the hypthesis, analyze the data and present the findings. Whatever grade the team received wuld be shared by bth students.
When my teammate and I met t discuss ur prject, I was uneasy. Here was this challenging student wh had been knwn fr single-mindedness and gd grades — the exact ppsite f me. I actually wanted t drp the class at ne pint, but stpped shrt because I didn’t want t give him the satisfactin f my chickening ut (临阵脱逃) . I decided t stick t it n matter what.
After lng discussins we smehw agreed t d a study n the psychlgical well-being (健康) f teenagers. I wasn’t sure what it meant exactly, but at least we had a tpic.
注意：1. 续写词数应150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We started t meet regularly t draw up ur plans.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One day I gt wrd that he was admitted t hspital (住院) fr a serius disease.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 We started t meet regularly t draw up ur plans. Cmpanin as I was in the prject, I still had n sense f participating in the prject. My teammate kept his brain ccupied in develping the hypthesis, setting up an experiment t test it, and running the tests alne, leaving me just standing beside him as if I were a fl. “What a dull prject it is!” I murmured t myself. Hwever, smething changed gradually, as I became aware what the tactile-kinesthetic perceptin f space meant. Thanks t the intense, fiercely cmpetitive, singularly serius fellw, the whle prcedure went smthly, clse t the final stage.
One day I gt wrd that he was admitted t hspital (住院) fr a serius disease. Withut any delay, I packed up my schl bag, tk all the experiment statistics and rushed t the hspital. Seeing the pale fellw wearing pure white clthes instead f the annying dark clthes, I felt a sense f sympathy and mercy welling up in my heart. With his guidance, I finished the statistical analysis and presented the findings. It turned ut t be such an amazing and persuasive study that my teammate and I did win the best grade. Nw, we have been mst reliable cperative partners ever since!
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在一次心理学课程任务中，老师把作者与他最想避开的很有个性的学霸变成了搭档，两人不得不在任务中相互磨合，而作者在任务中也渐入佳境，但是搭档突然住院，在搭档的指导下，作者圆满完成了任务，两人也成为最值得信赖的搭档。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们开始定期开会制定计划”可知，第一段可描写作者与搭档的磨合，搭档顾自做任务时作者插不上手，但是作者没有退缩，跟着搭档，作者弄明白了他们所进行的任务，也能帮忙了。
②由第二段首句内容“有一天我听说他得了重病住进了医院”可知，第二段可描写作者在搭档缺席的情况下，由搭档指导，完美完成任务，并于搭档成为好朋友。
2.续写线索：制定计划——看搭档独自做任务——明白任务——任务将近尾声——得知搭档住院——看望搭档——接受指导完成任务——成为最值得信赖的搭档
3.词汇激活
行为类
①忙着做某事：be ccupied in ding sth./be busy ding sth.
②冲向：rush t/dash t
③完成： finish/accmplish
情绪类
①令人恼怒：annying/distressing
②令人惊讶的：amazing/astnishing
【点睛】[高分句型1]Cmpanin as I was in the prject, I still had n sense f participating in the prject.（由as引导的让步状语从句的倒装）
[高分句型2] Hwever, smething changed gradually, as I became aware what the tactile-kinesthetic perceptin f space meant.（由as引导时间状语从句和what引导宾语从句）
[高分句型3]It turned ut t be such an amazing and persuasive study that my teammate and I did win the best grade.（由such…that引导结果状语从句）
相关试卷
2024安庆一中高二下学期期中考试英语PDF版含解析（含听力）： 这是一份2024安庆一中高二下学期期中考试英语PDF版含解析（含听力），文件包含安徽省安庆市第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语PDF版含解析pdf、2024安徽省安庆市第一中学高二下学期期中考试英语听力mp3等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共37页， 欢迎下载使用。
2024常州一中高二下学期4月期中考试英语含解析（含听力）： 这是一份2024常州一中高二下学期4月期中考试英语含解析（含听力），文件包含江苏省常州市第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中考试英语含解析docx、2024江苏省常州市第一中学高二下学期4月期中英语听力mp3等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共15页， 欢迎下载使用。
2024南充嘉陵一中高二下学期期中考试英语含解析（含听力）： 这是一份2024南充嘉陵一中高二下学期期中考试英语含解析（含听力），文件包含嘉陵一中高二下期中考试docx、嘉陵一中高二下期中考试详答docx、嘉陵一中高二下期中考试简答docx、嘉陵一中高二下期中考试mp3等4份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共29页， 欢迎下载使用。
