2024年高考第三次模拟考试题：英语（广东省专用01）（解析版）

这是一份2024年高考第三次模拟考试题：英语（广东省专用01）（解析版），共21页。

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第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Cultural Websites
Ancient Greece
This is a guide with rich infrmatin and pictures t Ancient Greece, cvering art, architecture, plitics, Olympics, gegraphy, histry and ther tpics. The pht gallery with bird’s-eye images f Greek art is f nte. Cntents include maps, bigraphies and related links, thugh little in the way f engaging multimedia. The website last updated in 2008, and sme links are brken.
Getty
Getty, an nline museum, fcuses n the visual arts and serves bth general audiences and specialized prfessinals. Its Research Library is accessible t bth n-site and far-away users. The Explre Art part permits yu t lk thrugh many f the wrks f art n shw. Yu can als view present r past exhibitins. There are als tpics fr discussin n many sides f art and art histry.
Library f Cngress
The website cntains main surce materials cnnecting t the histry and culture f the United States. It ffers mre than 7 millin digital artwrks frm mre than 100 histrical cllectins. Yu can select cllectins t search and explre teaching and learning ideas with American memry.
Internet Histry Surcebks Prject
The website is wnderful cllectins f public area and cpy-permitted histrical texts fr educatinal use. With pages designed specifically t help teachers and students, it cntains hundreds f well-rganized surces and als includes links t visual and hearing materials, as art and archelgy play an imprtant rle in the study f ancient histry.
1．Hw is Ancient Greece different frm ther websites?
A．It cvers art.B．Its renewal is suspended.
C．Its tpics include histry.D．It cntains histrical culture.
2．What can visitrs d in the Explre Art part f Getty?
A．View artwrks n display.B．Purchase art pieces nline.
C．Serve the Research Library.D．Jin the scientific discussin.
3．What d the last tw websites have in cmmn?
A．They fcus n ancient science.B．They prvide teaching materials.
C．They deal with American issues.D．They have several hundred pages.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了四个与文化有关的网站。
1．细节理解题。根据Ancient Greece部分中的“The website last updated in 2008, and sme links are brken.(该网站上次更新于 2008 年，部分链接已损坏)”可知，Ancient Greece与其他网站不同的是，它暂停更新了，最近一次更新是在2008年，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Getty部分中的“The Explre Art part permits yu t lk thrugh many f the wrks f art n shw. (“探索艺术”部分允许你浏览许多展出的艺术作品。)”可知，参观者可以在the Explre Art part f Getty上浏览展出的艺术品，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据Library f Cngress部分中的“The website cntains main surce materials cnnecting t the histry and culture f the United States. (该网站包含与美国历史和文化相关的主要来源材料)”和Internet Histry Surcebks Prject部分中的“With pages designed specifically t help teachers and students, it cntains hundreds f well-rganized surces and als includes links t visual and hearing materials, as art and archelgy play an imprtant rle in the study f ancient histry. (页面专门为帮助教师和学生而设计，包含数百个组织良好的资源，还包括视觉和听觉材料的链接，如艺术和考古学在古代历史研究中发挥着重要作用。)”可知，最后两个网站的共同之处在于它们都提供教学资料，故选B。
B
My name is Alice. Early last year, I was trubled by an anxiety that crippled (削弱) my ability t d anything. I felt like a strm clud hung ver me. Fr almst a year I struggled n, cnstantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectinist tendencies were the main rt f this: I wanted t be perfect at whatever I did, which bviusly in life is nt pssible, but it cnsumed me.
One day, I attended a presentatin by wildlife cnservatinist Grant Brwn at my high schl. His presentatin nt nly awed and inspired me, but als helped emerge an inner desire t make a difference in the wrld. I jined a pre-presentatin dinner with him and that smaller setting allwed me t slwly build up my curage t speak ne-n-ne with him — an idea that had seemed cmpletely impssible. This first cntact was where my stry began.
A mnth later, Brwn invited me t attend the Wrld Yuth Wildlife Cnference. Lking back, I nw see that this wuld be the first in a series f timely pprtunities that my ld self wuld have let pass, but that this new and mre cnfident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shrtly after I received his invitatin, applicatins t jin the Yuth fr Nature and the Yuth fr Planet grups were sent arund thrugh my high schl. I decided t cmmit t cmpleting the applicatins, and sn I was a part f a grwing glbal team f yung peple wrking t prtect nature. Each f these new steps cntinued t grw my cnfidence.
I am writing this just six mnths since my jurney began and I’ve realized that my biggest bstacle (障碍) this whle time was myself. It was that vice in the back f my head telling me that ne phrase that has stpped s many peple frm reaching their ptential: I can’t. They say gd things cme t thse wh wait; I say: grab every pprtunity with everything yu have and be impatient. After all, nature des nt require ur patience, but ur actin.
4．Why did Alice feel anxius?
A．She behaved badly.B．She used t ver-cnsume.
C．She was shrt f inspiratin.D．She was in pursuit f perfectin.
5．Where did Alice first cntact Brwn?
A．At a presentatin.B．At a dinner.
C．At a cnference.D．At a jurney.
6．What effect did activities f prtecting nature bring Alice?
A．Making her cnfident.B．Making her imaginative.
C．Mtivating her creativity.D．Strengthening her wisdm.
7．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．Actin is the nly way t knwledge.B．Patience is a cure f anxiety.
C．Believe in yurself and take actin.D．Facts speak luder than wrds.
【答案】4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从一个被焦虑困扰、对自己能力产生怀疑的状态，到通过参加一次野生动物保护主义者的演讲而激发出自己的内在动力，并最终加入保护自然的团队，实现了自我成长和自信心的提升。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“My perfectinist tendencies were the main rt f this: I wanted t be perfect at whatever I did, which bviusly in life is nt pssible, but it cnsumed me.(我的完美主义倾向是造成这种情况的主要根源我想在我做的任何事情上都做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但它消耗了我)”可知，Alice感到焦虑的原因是自己总是追求完美。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I jined a pre-presentatin dinner with him and that smaller setting allwed me t slwly build up my curage t speak ne-n-ne with him — an idea that had seemed cmpletely impssible. This first cntact was where my stry began.(我和他一起参加了一个演讲前的晚宴，这个较小的环境让我慢慢地鼓起勇气和他一对一地交谈——这似乎是完全不可能的。我的故事就是从这第一次接触开始的)”可知，Alice和Brwn先生的第一次接触是在晚宴上。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Shrtly after I received his invitatin, applicatins t jin the Yuth fr Nature and the Yuth fr Planet grups were sent arund thrugh my high schl. I decided t cmmit t cmpleting the applicatins, and sn I was a part f a grwing glbal team f yung peple wrking t prtect nature. Each f these new steps cntinued t grw my cnfidence.(在我收到他的邀请后不久，加入青年自然和青年地球团体的申请在我的高中四处发送。我决定致力于完成这些申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人团队的一员，他们致力于保护自然。每迈出一步，我的信心都在不断增长)”可知，随着Alice参加保护自然的活动，Alice变得越来越自信。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I am writing this just six mnths since my jurney began and I’ve realized that my biggest bstacle (障碍) this whle time was myself. It was that vice in the back f my head telling me that ne phrase that has stpped s many peple frm reaching their ptential: I can’t. They say gd things cme t thse wh wait; I say: grab every pprtunity with everything yu have and be impatient. After all, nature des nt require ur patience, but ur actin.(我写这篇文章的六个月前，我开始了我的旅程，我意识到我最大的障碍一直是我自己。我脑后的那个声音告诉我，有一句话阻止了很多人发挥他们的潜力：我做不到。俗话说，等待的人会有好事；我说：用你所拥有的一切抓住每一个机会，耐心等待。毕竟，大自然需要的不是我们的耐心，而是我们的行动)”可推知，Alice认为成功的秘诀在于相信自己并且采取行动。故选C。
C
It’s a race against time, as generatins f cultural heritage cnservatrs at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effrt t prtect the artistic charm f the Mga Caves, a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site, despite ersin (侵蚀) by sand and wind.
The team is devted t prtecting the 45,000 square meters f murals (壁画) and mre than 2,400 painted sculptures f the 735 caves f the site, the cnstructin f which spans abut a thusand years, frm the 4th century t the 14th century. The cultural relics are the prduct f the cultural exchanges that tk place ver centuries n the ancient Silk Rad. “Our wrk, repairing murals and painted sculptures, is t better preserve the caves, which prmtes the great Dunhuang spirit f inclusiveness t the wrld and inspires mdern peple,” says Su Bmin, directr f the Dunhuang Academy.
Cmmnly seen “diseases” affecting the murals include cracking and flaking, as well as ersin that is caused by changes in temperature and humidity f the caves, and the depsitin f salts. T restre a mural requires an all-runder. Restrers shuld knw painting, master the skills f a masn and have sme knwledge f chemistry and physics, t be able t recgnize the prblems and their crrespnding causes and deliver a slutin. They must als select prper materials and tls, and cnduct experiments, befre frmally carrying ut the restratin and evaluating the effect afterward.
The restratin shuld respect the riginal wrk and aim t maintain the status qu f the murals rather than repainting them. When the restrers find sme parts f murals missing r fading away, they never repaint them t create a “perfect” appearance in restratin. “Cultural relics are witnesses f histry,” explains Su. “When yu pursue the s-called intact (完好无损的) lk fr artistic reasns, yu will lse their key meaning.”
Cave cnservatin is abut cntinuusly slving prblems. “It needs a lng-term research t better preserve the caves, ver a much wider time span that ges beynd ur lifetimes,” Su says. But at least, they can keep the current lk f the murals fr as lng as pssible.
8．What is the main purpse f paragraph 2?
A．T shw the ppularity f Dunhuang murals.
B．T explain the histry f the ancient Silk Rad.
C．T stress the significance f the restratin wrk.
D．T present the ways f prtecting cultural heritage.
9．Which f the fllwing best describes the restratin wrk?
A．Demanding.B．Well-paid.C．Interesting.D．Creative.
10．What shuld restring murals fcus n accrding t paragraph 4?
A．Sptting the faded murals in time.
B．Fixing the missing parts f murals.
C．Maintaining the current lk f murals.
D．Repainting t perfect the appearance f murals.
11．Which can be the best title fr the text?
A．The Artistic Charm f Mural Paintings
B．The Mural Restratin in the Mga Caves
C．The Successful Experiment n Cave Cnservatin
D．The Rle f the Dunhuang Spirit in Chinese Culture
【答案】8．C 9．A 10．C 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是敦煌莫高窟壁画的修复工作及其意义。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The team is devted t prtecting the 45,000 square meters f murals (壁画) and mre than 2,400 painted sculptures f the 735 caves f the site, the cnstructin f which spans abut a thusand years, frm the 4th century t the 14th century. The cultural relics are the prduct f the cultural exchanges that tk place ver centuries n the ancient Silk Rad. “Our wrk, repairing murals and painted sculptures, is t better preserve the caves, which prmtes the great Dunhuang spirit f inclusiveness t the wrld and inspires mdern peple,” says Su Bmin, directr f the Dunhuang Academy.(该团队致力于保护莫高窟735个洞穴中的45,000平方米的壁画和2,400多个彩绘雕塑。从4世纪到14世纪，这些洞穴的建造跨越了大约一千年。这些文物是几个世纪以来古丝绸之路上文化交流的产物。敦煌研究院的院长苏伯民表示，他们的工作——修复壁画和彩塑，是为了更好地保护洞穴，弘扬敦煌伟大的“包容”精神，并激励现代人)”可知，该团队致力于保护莫高窟735个洞穴中的45,000平方米的壁画和2,400多个彩绘雕塑，因为这些文物是几个世纪以来古丝绸之路上文化交流的产物，所以研究人员们表示，他们的工作是为了更好地保护洞穴，弘扬敦煌伟大的“包容”精神，并激励现代人。由此推知，本段目的在于强调修复工作的重要性。故选C项。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“T restre a mural requires an all-runder. Restrers shuld knw painting, master the skills f a masn and have sme knwledge f chemistry and physics, t be able t recgnize the prblems and their crrespnding causes and deliver a slutin. They must als select prper materials and tls, and cnduct experiments, befre frmally carrying ut the restratin and evaluating the effect afterward. (修复壁画需要全能型选手。修复师应当懂得绘画，掌握石匠的技能，并具备一定的化学和物理知识，能够识别问题及其相应的原因，并提供解决方案。他们还必须选择合适的材料和工具，并进行实验，然后正式进行修复和评估效果)”可知，修复壁画需要全能型选手。由此推知，修复工作要求很高。故选A项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段 “The restratin shuld respect the riginal wrk and aim t maintain the status qu f the murals rather than repainting them. When the restrers find sme parts f murals missing r fading away, they never repaint them t create a “perfect” appearance in restratin. “Cultural relics are witnesses f histry,”explains Su.“When yu pursue the s-called intact(完好无损的)lk fr artistic reasns, yu will lse their key meaning.(修复工作应尊重原作，以保持壁画的现状为目标，而不是重新绘制壁画。当修复者发现壁画的某些部分残缺或褪色时，他们不会为了创造一个“完美”的修复外观而重新绘制。苏伯民表示，文物是历史的见证，当出于艺术原因而追求所谓的完美时，将会失去其关键意义)”可知，修复工作应尊重原作，以保持壁画的现状为目标，而不是重新绘制壁画。当修复者发现壁画的某些部分残缺或褪色时，他们不会为了创造一个“完美”的修复外观而重新绘制，由此可知，修复壁画应注意保持壁画的现状。故选C项。
11．主旨大意题。文章第一段“It’s a race against time, as generatins f cultural heritage cnservatrs at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effrt t prtect the artistic charm f the Mga Caves, a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site, despite ersin(侵蚀)by sand and wind.(这是一场与时间的赛跑，尽管受到风沙侵蚀，敦煌研究院的几代文化遗产保护人员仍在努力保护莫高窟的艺术魅力。莫高窟被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产)”提出保护莫高窟文化的话题，文章第二段至第四段主要讲述壁画修复师的工作内容及其意义，文章最后一段“Cave cnservatin is abut cntinuusly slving prblems. “It needs a lng-term research t better preserve the caves, ver a much wider time span that ges beynd ur lifetimes,” Su says. But at least, they can keep the current lk f the murals fr as lng as pssible.(洞穴保护就是不断地解决问题。苏说：“为了更好地保护这些洞穴，需要进行长期的研究，研究的时间跨度要比我们的有生之年长得多。”但至少，他们可以尽可能长时间地保持壁画的现状)”可知，本文主要围绕着敦煌莫高窟的壁画修复工作展开。由此可知，The Mural Restratin in the Mga Caves适合作本文最佳标题。故选B项。
D
Rsalind Franklin, ne f the mst utstanding female scientists f the 20th century, was a remarkable British chemist and X-ray crystallgrapher (晶体学家). She made a great cntributin t the discvery f the structure f DNA, which led t a revlutin in mdern bilgy and genetics (遗传学).
Brn in Lndn in 1920, Rsalind grew up in a family f scientists and mathematicians. She received her undergraduate degree in physical chemistry frm the University f Cambridge and pursued her pstgraduate degree in physical chemistry. at King’s Cllege Lndn. It was during this time that she develped a keen interest in DNA structure, which she explred thrugh X-ray crystallgraphy.
Rsalind’s cntributin t the discvery f DNA structure was very imprtant. Wrking alngside ther scientists at the Medical Research Cuncil in Cambridge, she used her skills in X-ray crystallgraphy t prduce high-reslutin images f DNA mlecules. Her images helped reveal the crucial helical (螺旋) structure f DNA, which was grundbreaking in the field f genetics.
Despite her achievements, Rsalind’s rle in the discvery f DNA structure was nt always acknwledged. She faced discriminatin and sexism within the scientific cmmunity and was ften verlked fr credit and recgnitin fr her wrk.
James Watsn and Francis Crick annunced the discvery f the duble helix structure f DNA in 1953, which they attributed t Rsalind and anther scientist, Maurice Wilkins. Hwever, it wasn’t until years later that Rsalind’s cntributin was fully recgnized.
Rsalind’s legacy cntinues t inspire scientists and researchers wrldwide tday. Her stry serves as a reminder f the imprtance f determinatin, hard wrk, and a willingness t take risks in pursuit f scientific advancement. Despite the challenges she faced, Rsalind persevered and made a significant impact in the field f chemistry. Her cntributins t the scientific cmmunity will always be remembered, and she will remain an inspiratin t generatins f future scientists.
12．What can we knw abut Rsalind’s upbringing frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．She had a strng interest in science.B．She came frm a extremely rich family.
C．She was brn in King’s Cllege LndnD．She gt her pstgraduate degree in Cambridge.
13．What was Rsalind Franklin’s cntributin t the discvery f DNA structure?
A．Discvering the duble helix structure.
B．Cnducting X-ray crystallgraphy analysis.
C．Overcming the discriminatin and sexism.
D．Pursuing a pstgraduate degree in chemistry.
14．What des the underlined wrd “discriminatin” mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Praise.B．Supprt.C．Neglect.D．Prejudice
15．What des Franklin’s stry tell us?
A．The value f determinatin, hard wrk, and risk-taking.
B．The imprtance f DNA structure in bilgy and genetics.
C．The challenges faced by female scientists in the 20th century.
D．The significance f X-ray crystallgraphy in scientific research.
【答案】12．A 13．B 14．D 15．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了罗莎琳德·富兰克林的突出贡献和对人们的启迪。
12．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Rsalind Franklin, ne f the mst utstanding female scientists f the 20th century, was a remarkable British chemist and X-ray crystallgrapher (晶体学家). She made a great cntributin t the discvery f the structure f DNA, which led t a revlutin in mdern bilgy and genetics (遗传学). (罗莎琳德·富兰克林是20世纪最杰出的女科学家之一，她是一位杰出的英国化学家和x射线晶体学家。她对DNA结构的发现做出了巨大贡献，这导致了现代生物学和遗传学的革命。)”和第二段“Brn in Lndn in 1920, Rsalind grew up in a family f scientists and mathematicians. She received her undergraduate degree in physical chemistry frm the University f Cambridge and pursued her pstgraduate degree in physical chemistry. at King’s Cllege Lndn. It was during this time that she develped a keen interest in DNA structure, which she explred thrugh X-ray crystallgraphy. (罗莎琳德1920年出生于伦敦，成长于一个科学家和数学家的家庭。她在剑桥大学获得物理化学学士学位，并攻读物理化学硕士学位。在伦敦国王学院。正是在这段时间里，她对DNA结构产生了浓厚的兴趣，并通过x射线晶体学进行了探索。)”可知，罗莎琳德对科学有浓厚的兴趣。故选A。
13．细节理解题。由文章第三段“Rsalind’s cntributin t the discvery f DNA structure was very imprtant. Wrking alngside ther scientists at the Medical Research Cuncil in Cambridge, she used her skills in X-ray crystallgraphy t prduce high-reslutin images f DNA mlecules. Her images helped reveal the crucial helical (螺旋) structure f DNA, which was grundbreaking in the field f genetics. (罗莎琳德对发现DNA结构的贡献是非常重要的。她与剑桥医学研究委员会的其他科学家一起工作，利用她在x射线晶体学方面的技能制作了DNA分子的高分辨率图像。她的图像帮助揭示了DNA的关键螺旋结构，这在遗传学领域是开创性的。)”可知，罗莎琳德·富兰克林进行X射线晶体学分析，有助于对DNA结构的发现。故选B。
14．词句猜测题。由文章第四段中“Despite her achievements, Rsalind’s rle in the discvery f DNA structure was nt always acknwledged. (尽管她取得了成就，但罗莎琳德在发现DNA结构方面的作用并不总是得到承认。)”和“sexism (性别歧视)”可知，她在科学界面临歧视和性别歧视，划线词的意思为“歧视，偏见”。A. Praise赞美；B. Supprt支持；C. Neglect忽视；D. Prejudice偏见。故选D。
15．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Rsalind’s legacy cntinues t inspire scientists and researchers wrldwide tday. Her stry serves as a reminder f the imprtance f determinatin, hard wrk, and a willingness t take risks in pursuit f scientific advancement. Despite the challenges she faced, Rsalind persevered and made a significant impact in the field f chemistry. Her cntributins t the scientific cmmunity will always be remembered, and she will remain an inspiratin t generatins f future scientists. (罗莎琳德的遗产今天继续激励着全世界的科学家和研究人员。她的故事提醒我们，在追求科学进步的过程中，决心、努力工作和愿意冒险的重要性。尽管面临挑战，罗莎琳德坚持不懈，并在化学领域产生了重大影响。她对科学界的贡献将永远被铭记，她将继续激励未来几代科学家。)”可知，富兰克林的故事告诉我们决心、努力工作和冒险的价值。故选A。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wrried abut the climate? 16 . Here are sme examples t get yu started.
•Cunt the birds and the bees
Get clser t nature by becming a citizen scientist. Yu culd be cunting birds in yur garden, butterflies, insects and flwers, r even reptiles and hedgehgs. 17 . It’s a fun grup activity, and yur data can help scientists better understand the impact f human behaviur n natural habitats.
• 18
Media headlines can be alarming when it cmes t the climate and nature crisis r ignring the issues cmpletely. Hsting a lcal discussin can allw space fr reflectin, debate, ideas and cllabratin (合作) t take actin n glbal issues at a lcal level.
•Set up a library f things
Internet shpping has made it t easy t buy new stuff at the click f a buttn. 19 ? First, it’ll clutter (凌乱地塞满) yur huse，then it’ll clutter the planet. Setting up a library f things can encurage lcal peple t share everything frm tls t instruments, cking gadgets t tys.
•Start a climate emergency centre
20 . That’s why mre and mre climate emergency centres are ppping up in derelict (废弃地) shps n high streets and in shpping centres. A climate emergency centre can be a space fr events such as an exhibitin n plastic waste r a wrkshp t learn hw t make ec-cleaning prducts. It can als be a way t mtivate mre peple t take actin.
A．Cperate with yur lcals
B．But where is it all ging t end up
C．Hst a climate and nature discussin
D．But hw have we cnsumed the things
E．The climate and nature crisis isn’t ging away
F．There are lts f citizen science prjects t take part in
G．Small lcal actins with neighbrs, lcal businesses and pliticians can make a difference
【答案】16．G 17．F 18．C 19．B 20．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章提供了个人可以采取的行动来应对气候变化和保护环境的例子，包括参与公民科学项目、举办关于气候和自然问题的当地讨论、建立共享物品的图书馆，以及建立气候紧急中心以提高意识并激发行动。
16．根据空前“Wrried abut the climate? (担心气候吗？)”及空后“Here are sme examples t get yu started. (这里有一些例子可以帮助你开始。)”可推出，空处应该与解决上文的问题有关，G项“Small lcal actins with neighbrs, lcal businesses and pliticians can make a difference (当地与邻居、当地企业和政治家的小行动可以带来改变)”承上启下，下文顺接G项，文章也将会从当地与邻居、当地企业和政治家的角度展开陈述解决办法，上下文衔接连贯，故选G项。
17．根据上文“Get clser t nature by becming a citizen scientist. Yu culd be cunting birds in yur garden, butterflies, insects and flwers, r even reptiles and hedgehgs. (通过成为一名公民科学家来接近自然。你可以数花园里的鸟、蝴蝶、昆虫和鲜花，甚至是爬行动物和刺猬。)”，下文“It’s a fun grup activity, and yur data can help scientists better understand the impact f human behaviur n natural habitats. (这是一个有趣的小组活动，你的数据可以帮助科学家更好地理解人类行为对自然栖息地的影响。)”可知，作为居民，成为公民科学家，通过观察花园里的各种动植物来帮助积累数据，帮助科学家更好地解决问题，F项“There are lts f citizen science prjects t take part in (有很多公民科学项目可以参与)”，句中citizen science prjects与上文的a citizen scientist呼应，话题一致，prjects则指代上文的cunting birds in yur garden, butterflies, insects and flwers, r even reptiles and hedgehgs，上下文衔接连贯，故选F项。
18．根据下文“Hsting a lcal discussin can allw space fr reflectin, debate, ideas and cllabratin (合作) t take actin n glbal issues at a lcal level. (举办地方讨论可以为反思、辩论、想法和合作提供空间，以便在地方一级就全球问题采取行动。)”可知，本段主要介绍了举办有关气候问题的社区讨论来警示人们，题型人们关注气候自然危机并采取行动，C项“Hst a climate and nature discussin (主持一场气候和自然的讨论)”可以概括本段主旨，Hsting a lcal discussin为复现词，上下文话题一致。故选C项。
19．根据上文“Internet shpping has made it t easy t buy new stuff at the click f a buttn. (网上购物使得点击一个按钮就能买到新东西变得太容易了。)”，下文“First, it’ll clutter (凌乱地塞满) yur huse, then it’ll clutter the planet. Setting up a library f things can encurage lcal peple t share everything frm tls t instruments, cking gadgets t tys. (首先，它会凌乱地塞满你的房子，然后它会塞满地球。建立一个物品图书馆可以鼓励当地人分享一切，从工具到仪器，从烹饪用具到玩具。)”可知，网购很容易，网购的东西，从工具到仪器，从烹饪用具到玩具，太多了，可以分享给他人，由此推出，空处应该谈及太多网购东西的处置，故B项“But where is it all ging t end up (但这一切会在哪里结束呢)”，与下文share everything frm tls t instruments, cking gadgets t tys呼应，上下文衔接连贯，故选B项。
20．根据下文“That’s why mre and mre climate emergency centres are ppping up in derelict (废弃地) shps n high streets and in shpping centres. (这就是为什么越来越多的气候应急中心出现在商业街和购物中心的废弃商店里。)”可知，设空处为导致越来越多的气候应急中心出现的原因。E项“The climate and nature crisis isn’t ging away (气候和自然危机并没有消失)”，与下文为因果关系，上下文衔接连贯。故选E项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One f the interesting things abut languages is the way they change ver time. In English, everything frm spelling t vcabulary has 21 majr changes ver the years. In fact, t a mdern speaker, the English f 1000 years ag lks like a 22 language!
The histry f English dates back arund 1500 years. At that time, grups f Eurpeans 23 England, bringing their language with them. It develped int ld English. Later in 1066, English was invaded by the Nrmans frm France. The language went thrugh an imprtant shift leading t what we nw call Middle English. Over the next 500 years, the language underwent 24 shifts, leading t mdern English. As the language has develped ver time, many things abut it have changed.
25 is ne f the mst bvius areas. Fr example, in ld English, peple say “hus” and “mus”. Nw, we say “huse” and “muse”. These days there are many differences in the way English is prnunced in the U.S., India and elsewhere. When peple live in grups separated by great distances, the 26 f change can be fast.
Vcabulary changes happen even mre quickly. English has grwn by brrwing wrds frm languages such as French, Greek and 27 , 28 . This ften happens with types f 29 , fr example, “tfu”. Then there is slang which enters and 30 the language every year! Thirty years ag, ne ften heard peple saying “grvy”, meaning great. These days yu rarely hear the wrd 31 n ld TV shws r mvies.
Because English is spken by s many peple wrldwide, it really is an exciting time fr the language. Just as American and British versins are always changing, s are versins 32 in Canada, 33 in Asia and elsewhere. At the same time, an entirely new versin f English is appearing n the Internet with whle new 34 and writing styles. In a way, learning English is a never-ending prcess, even fr native speakers! Language is as much a part f the earth as 35 its sil and water f its lakes, rivers and ceans.
21．A．gne verB．gne thrughC．gne intD．gne fr
22．A．therB．unfamiliarC．strangeD．freign
23．A．invadedB．seizedC．tk verD．captured
24．A．fewB．smeC．furtherD．mre
25．A．PrnunciatinB．GrammarC．SpeakingD．Present
26．A．speedB．paceC．velcityD．way
27．A．RussianB．VietnameseC．LatinD．Krean
28．A．t name a fewB．nt at allC．in allD．after all
29．A．vegetableB．fruitC．meatD．fd
30．A．appearsB．leavesC．escapesD．quits
31．A．exceptB．merelyC．besidesD．already
32．A．usedB．writtenC．spkenD．seen
33．A．NigeriaB．SingapreC．RmeD．Jamaica
34．A．slangB．jargnC．imageD．vernacular
35．A．areB．isC．dD．has
【答案】
21．B 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．B 31．A 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英语的发展和演变。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在英语中，从拼写到词汇，这些年来都经历了重大的变化。A. gne ver复习；B. gne thrugh经历；C. gne int进入；D. gne fr追求。根据后文“majr changes ver the years”可知，英语从拼写到词汇都经历了重大的变化。故选B项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，对于一个现代人来说，1000年前的英语看起来就像一门外语!A. ther其他的；B. unfamiliar不熟悉的；C. strange奇怪的；D. freign外国的。根据前文“In English, everything frm spelling t vcabulary has ____1____majr changes ver the years.”可以，英语经历了重大变化，所以1000年前的英语对现代人来说就像外语一样。故选D项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，成群的欧洲人入侵英国，带来了他们的语言。A. invaded侵略；B. seized抓住；C. tk ver接管；D. captured俘获。根据后文“bringing their language with them”及历史事实可知，欧洲人入侵英国，带来了他们的语言。故选A项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的500年里，这种语言经历了进一步的变化，导致了现代英语。A. few更少的；B. sme一些；C. further进一步的；D. mre更多的。根据前文“It develped int ld English.”及“Middle English”及后文“mdern English”可知，英语经过进一步的变化，导致了现代英语。故选C项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：发音是最明显的一个方面。A. Prnunciatin发音；B. Grammar语法；C. Speaking口语；D. Present现在。根据后文“in ld English, peple say “hus” and “mus”. Nw, we say “huse” and “muse”. ”可知，英语的发音出现了明显的变化。故选A项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当人们生活在相距遥远的群体中时，变化的速度可能很快。A. speed速度；B. pace节奏，速度；C. velcity速率；D. way方式。根据后文“can be fast”可知，当人们生活在相距遥远的群体中时，语言变化的速度会很快。speed一般指人或物移动的速度，pace可以表示工作或事情进展的速度，根据句意可知，此处表示语言变化的速度。故选B项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：英语是通过借用法语、希腊语和拉丁语等语言的词汇而发展起来的。A. Russian俄语；B. Vietnamese越南语；C. Latin拉丁语；D. Krean韩语。根据前文“English has grwn by brrwing wrds frm languages such as French, Greek and”及历史事实可知，英语主要借用了法语，希腊语和拉丁语的词汇。故选C项。
28．考查固定短语辨析。句意：仅举几例，英语是通过借用法语、希腊语和拉丁语等语言的词汇而发展起来的。A. t name a few仅举几例；B. nt at all一点也不；C. in all总计；D. after all毕竟，终究。根据前文“English has grwn by brrwing wrds frm languages such as”可知，英语借用了许多语言的词汇，此处仅举几例。故选A项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种情况经常发生在不同的食物上，比如“豆腐”。A. vegetable蔬菜；B. fruit水果；C. meat肉；D. fd食物。根据后文“r example, “tfu””可知，词汇借用通常出现在食物方面。故选D项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：还有俚语，每年都有俚语进入和退出语言系统!A. appears出现；B. leaves离开；C. escapes逃离；D. quits辞职。根据前文“which enters and”可知，每年都有新的俚语进入语言系统，也会有过时的俚语退出语言系统。故选B项。
31．考查介词和副词词义辨析。句意：如今，除了在老电视节目或电影中，你很少听到这个词。A. except除了；B. merely仅仅；C. besides此外；D. already已经。根据前文“yu rarely hear the wrd”及后文“n ld TV shws r mvies”可知，除了在老电视节目或电影中，已经很少听到这个词了。故选A项。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就像美式口语和英式口语总是在变化一样，加拿大、亚洲新加坡和其他地方说的英语也在变化。A. used被使用的；B. written书面的；C. spken口头的；D. seen被看见的。根据前文“English is spken by s many peple wrldwide”及“American and British versins are always changing”可知，此处指英语口语一直在变化。故选C项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像美式口语和英式口语总是在变化一样，加拿大、亚洲的新加坡和其他地方说的英语也在变化。A. Nigeria尼日利亚；B. Singapre新加坡；C. Rme罗马；D. Jamaica牙买加。根据后文“in Asia”可知，只有新加坡在亚洲。故选B项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，一个全新版本的英语出现在互联网上，带有全新的俚语和写作风格。A. slang俚语；B. jargn行话，术语；C. image图像；D. vernacular方言。根据前文“an entirely new versin f English is appearing n the Internet”及后文“and writing styles”并结合实际情况可知，一种新的英语形式出现在互联网上，带有全新的俚语和写作风格。故选A项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：语言是地球的一部分，就像地球的土壤和湖泊、河流和海洋的水一样。A. are是，be动词一般现在时复数形式；B. is是，be动词一般现在时单数形式；C. d做，干；D. has有。根据前文“as much a part f the earth as”可知，as 表示“和……一样，正如”，后一个as引导的是一个主谓语倒装的比较从句，根据主句的结构可知，比较从句中的谓语应该是be动词，从句中的主语是“its sil and water f its lakes, rivers and ceans”故谓语就用复数形式。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yung Chinese are fighting against sciety thrugh a simple act f resistance: lying dwn. Examples f the “tangping”, r “lying flat”, way f life 36 (include) nt getting married, nt having children, and refusing t wrk extra hurs r t hld a jb at all. “I stay at hme and sleep and watch televisin series.” said Zhang, wh described herself as “lying flat” fr the last tw weeks 37 leaving her jb in the film industry in Wuxi.
“Tangping” 38 (emerge) ver the last few mnths. Sme cmpare them t the 1950s Beat Generatin in the United States. 39 (ther) call their behavir a frm f nnvilent resistance. “Peple realize there is n upward mbility,” said Yicheng Wang, a PhD student in plitical science at Bstn University. The term develped after 40 April pst n the Tieba frum, whse authr, unemplyed fr the last tw years, described a lw-effrt, lw-cst lifestyle cnsisting f just a few mnths’ wrk ut f the year.
“Lying flat is my mvement,” he 41 (write), referring t the Greek philspher Digenes, wh was knwn fr living in a large cntainer. He psted a picture f himself lying in bed in the middle f the day with the curtains 42 (draw).
But as “tangping” gained 43 (ppular), it als brught a level f dishnr. Nanfang Daily called the philsphy “shameful”. Glbal Times made light f it describing “lying flat” as “nt a serius philsphy”.
Fr Zhang in Wuxi, lying flat is nt abut giving up r withdrawing frm sciety. “Many peple want t lie dwn because 996 is t 44 (tire), ” she said, referring t the cnstant hurs cmmn in tech industry, 45 the staff are expected t wrk frm 9 a. m. t 9 p. m. , six days a week. The philsphy is als abut giving neself a break.
【答案】
36．include 37．after 38．has emerged 39．Others 40．an 41．wrte 42．drawn 43．ppularity 44．tiring 45．where
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种社会现象——中国年轻人通过“躺平”的生活方式对抗生活压力。
36．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“躺平”生活方式的例子包括不结婚、不生孩子、拒绝加班或根本不工作。include做谓语动词，陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Examples复数，谓语复数形式。故填include。
37．考查介词。句意：“我呆在家里睡觉，看电视连续剧。”张女士说，她辞去无锡电影业的工作之后，两周都处于“躺平”状态。介词after (在……之后)符合句意。故填after。
38．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“躺平”在过去几个月出现了。emerge做谓语动词，由时间状语ver the last few mnths可知用现在完成时，主动语态，主语“Tangping”单数，谓语单数形式。故填has emerged。
39．考查代词。句意：其他人称他们的行为是非暴力抵抗的一种形式。(一些人……另一些人……)，首字母大写。故填Others。
40．考查冠词。句意：这个词是在4月份贴吧论坛上的一篇帖子后发展而来的，该文章的作者在过去两年中失业，描述了一种低努力、低成本、一年中只有几个月的工作的生活方式。此处泛指“一篇4月份的帖子”，April以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
41．考查时态。句意：“躺平是我的运动，”他写道，提及以睡在大箱子里而闻名的希腊哲学家第欧根尼。事情发生在过去，谓语动词write用一般过去时。故填wrte。
42．考查过去分词。句意：他贴了一张自己中午拉着窗帘躺在床上的照片。with复合结构，逻辑主语the curtains和非谓语动词draw是被动关系，draw用过去分词做宾补。故填drawn。
43．考查名词。句意：但随着“躺平”越来越受欢迎，它也带来了一定程度的耻辱。抽象名词ppularity做宾语。故填ppularity。
44．考查形容词。句意：她说，“很多人想躺平，因为996太累了”，996指的是科技行业中常见的固定工作时间，员工每周工作六天，从早上9点到晚上9点。主语996是物，用修饰形容物的-ing形容词tiring作表语。故填tiring。
45．考查定语从句。句意：她说，“很多人想躺平，因为996太累了”，996指的是科技行业中常见的固定工作时间，员工每周工作六天，从早上9点到晚上9点。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是tech industry，在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
请根据所给标题(Hw I Benefit frm English Reading)完成你们英语老师布置的英语作文，内容包括：
1．你有哪些收益(至少三点)；
2．你的倡议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hw I Benefit frm English Reading
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【答案】
Hw I Benefit frm English Reading
I have a great lve fr English reading and have benefited a lt frm it. First f all, it bradens my mind. I have gained vast knwledge f hw the wrld wrks thrugh varieties f reading materials. Furthermre, by reading widely n different subjects,I experienced a rich cultural diversity. Certainly,reading is als beneficial t my language learning, increasing my vcabulary and allwing me t experience a living English language.
S keep n reading. The mre yu read, the mre benefits yu will enjy.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以Hw I Benefit frm English Reading为题写一篇英语作文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
获得：gain → get
此外：furthermre → besides
肯定地：certainly → surely
继续：keep n → cntinue
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Furthermre, by reading widely n different subjects, I experienced a rich cultural diversity.
拓展句：Furthermre, it is by reading widely n different subjects that I experienced a rich cultural diversity.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I have gained vast knwledge f hw the wrld wrks thrugh varieties f reading materials.（运用了hw引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】The mre yu read, the mre benefits yu will enjy.（运用了“the+比较级，the+比较级”句型）
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When ur yungest sister was brn, my little brther Tm was six and I was eight. I had always been the “Big Sister” and he had always been “The Baby”.
Our sister’s arrival was a cmplete surprise t bth f us. In thse days n ne wrried much abut sibling rivalry (兄弟姐妹间的较劲), and n “experts” tld us hw t deal with anther child in the huse. We had wise and lving grandpa and mm, hwever.
I was excited abut the baby and lved t hld her and help care fr her. Tm’s feelings were quite different! He just lked at her and left, preferring t spend the evening in his rm. When I went t his rm t talk t him and try t get him t play games with me, he just lked away. “Why did they have t get that baby?” Tm asked.
Later that night, Grandpa came ver t see the new baby. As he held her, he said t Tm, “Yu knw, she’s a lt like the baby lamb I’m raising n the bttle. I have t take care f her and feed her ften, just the way yur mm des with the baby.” Tm said, “I’d rather have the lamb.”
Grandpa heard and said, “Well, if yu’d rather have a lamb, maybe we culd trade yur little sister fr it. I’ll give yu a day t think it ver, and if yu still want t trade tmrrw, we’ll d it.” I thught I saw him wink at Mm, but I knew I must have been mistaken because Grandpa never winked at anyne.
After Grandpa left, Mm read t Tm fr a lng while. Tm kept lking at the baby, and Mm asked him t hld ur little sister while she went t the bathrm. When Mm came back. Tm was gently tuching the baby’s smth black hair, and as he held her hand, she tk hld f his finger.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Mm, lk! She’s hlding my hand!” Tm smiled.
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“She’s a day lder nw. I think she’s wrth five lambs nw,” Tm said.
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【答案】
“Mm, lk! She’s hlding my hand!” Tm smiled. “Sure, she knws yu’re her brther,” Mm smiled. He held the baby fr mre minutes, and seemed much happier at bedtime. The next day, Tm and I spent much f the day watching the baby bathe, watching her sleep and hlding her. That evening, when Grandpa came back and asked Tm whether he was ready t trade, Tm lked surprised that Grandpa had remembered the bargain. He began t wrry that Grandpa wuld take ur sister away.
She’s a day lder nw. I think she’s wrth five lambs nw, “Tm said. Grandpa lked shcked, and said he had t think it ver, Anxius, Tm went t Mm’s rm and held the baby fr lng. The next day, Grandpa visited us and tld Tm he was preparing five lambs. Tm tk a deep breath and said, “The baby is wrth fifty lambs nw!” Annyed, Grandpa answered, “I can’t affrd fifty lambs. I guess yu’ll have t keep her and help yur parents lk after her.” Tm smiled, and this time I really did see Grandpa wink at Mm.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的最小的妹妹出生时，作者的弟弟汤姆六岁，作者八岁。作者能够照顾小妹妹，而汤姆对这个小妹妹却显示出了排斥。一天爷爷来看望小妹妹，汤姆对爷爷说“我宁愿要羔羊，也不要小妹妹”。爷爷听到后说:“好吧，如果你想要一只小羊羔，也许我们可以用你的小妹妹来换它。”我给你一天时间考虑，如果你明天还想交易，我们就交易。爷爷走后，妈妈让汤姆照顾他的小妹妹。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““妈妈，看!她握着我的手!”汤姆笑了。”可知，第一段可描写汤姆更愿意照顾小妹妹了，那天晚上，爷爷问起了交易的事情，汤姆很担心妹妹被带走。
②由第二段首句内容“她现在大了一天。我想她现在值五只羊羔了。”可知，第二段可描写汤姆与爷爷对交易的“讨价还价”，最终爷爷放弃了交易。
2.续写线索：爷爷问起了交易的事情——担心——讨价还价——小妹妹被留下
3.词汇激活
行为类
照顾：lk after /take care f
微笑：smile/beam
担忧：wrry /cncern
帮助：help/assist
情绪类
惊讶的：surprised/astnished
快乐的：happier/mre pleased
【点睛】[高分句型1] The next day, Tm and I spent much f the day watching the baby bathe, watching her sleep and hlding her. (运用了现在分词作宾语补足语和状语)
[高分句型2] I guess yu’ll have t keep her and help yur parents lk after her. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)