2024届山东省泰安市高三下学期三模英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份2024届山东省泰安市高三下学期三模英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含2024届山东省泰安市高三下学期三模英语试题原卷版docx、2024届山东省泰安市高三下学期三模英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共31页， 欢迎下载使用。
1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码、考场号、座位号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Amazn
The Amazn River, the basin f which cvers 2.3 millin square miles, is incredibly bidiverse with ver 30,000 species f plants and 1,800 species f birds. It plays an imprtant rle in adjusting the climate in Nrth and Suth America. The River and its frests are threatened by human activity, primary pllutin and rapid resurce depletin (损耗). The Office f the American States Department f Sustainable Develpment is wrking t manage the threats.
The Mississippi
The Mississippi rises in western Minnesta and flws suth fr 2,530 miles int the Gulf f Mexic. Millins f peple in ver 50 cities use water frm the Mississippi, and the river is als used fr shipping and agriculture. Hundreds f animal species, including 60% f Nrth America’s birds, call the area arund the Mississippi River hme, but river pllutin and shreline habitat destructin threaten t displace them. Frtunately, many prjects and rganizatins are devted t its cnservatin.
The Danube
The Danube River begins in western Germany, flwing ver 1,775 miles int the Black Sea. It spans 19 cuntries. The Danube features a richly diverse ecsystem, hsting 55 different species f fish. Cities acrss Eurpe use the Danube fr pwer generatin and agriculture, and there are mre than 700 dams in ttal. Unfrtunately, this river is verfished and heavily plluted. The Internatinal Cmmissin fr the Prtectin f the Danube River was established in 1998 t manage its cnservatin.
The Mekng
The Mekng River is a necessary part f Sutheast Asia’s landscape, culture, and ecnmy. Als called the Lancang River, it starts in China, stretching ver 2,850 miles thrugh Burma, Las, Thailand, Cambdia, and Vietnam. Its basin prvides mre than 65 millin peple with fd, drinking water, pwer, and transprtatin. Dams and pwer plants are harming Mekng’s ecsystems. Organizatins such as Cnservatin Internatinal are wrking t prtect the river by advcating fr its sustainable develpment.
1. Birds are affected mst arund________.
A. The AmaznB. The MississippiC. The DanubeD. The Mekng
2. Hw many fish species des the Danube hst?
A. 70.B. 65.C. 55.D. 50.
3. What d that fur rivers have in cmmn?
A. They cntribute t pwer prductin.
B. They Hw thrugh multiple cuntries.
C. They are trubled by dam cnstructins.
D. They are under prtectin f rganizatins.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了四条因面临环境问题而受到保护的河流。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Hundreds f animal species, including 60% f Nrth America’s birds, call the area arund the Mississippi River hme, but river pllutin and shreline habitat destructin threaten t displace them.(数百种动物，包括北美60%的鸟类，把密西西比河周围地区称为家园，但河流污染和海岸线栖息地破坏的威胁可能会使它们流离失所。)”可知，鸟类受影响最严重的是密西西比河沿岸。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The Danube features a richly diverse ecsystem, hsting 55 different species f fish.(多瑙河拥有丰富多样的生态系统，拥有55种不同的鱼类。)”可知，多瑙河有55种鱼类。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The Office f the American States Department f Sustainable Develpment is wrking t manage the threats.(美国可持续发展部办公室正在努力应对这些威胁。)”、文章第二段“Frtunately, many prjects and rganizatins are devted t its cnservatin.(幸运的是，许多项目和组织致力于保护它。)”、文章第三段“The Internatinal Cmmissin fr the Prtectin f the Danube River was established in 1998 t manage its cnservatin.(国际多瑙河保护委员会成立于1998年，负责管理多瑙河的保护工作。)”和文章最后一段“Organizatins such as Cnservatin Internatinal are wrking t prtect the river by advcating fr its sustainable develpment.(保护国际等组织正在通过倡导河流的可持续发展来保护河流。)”可知，它们都受到一些组织的保护。故选D。
B
Are yur keys nt in the spt yu thught yu left them? Can’t recall the title f a bk? I’ve had thse mments. Such instances f “brain freeze” remind us that we shuld d everything in ur pwer t keep ur brains sharp.
A new study finds Tai Chi study can help slw cgnitive (认知的) decline and prtect against dementia (痴呆). The study included abut 300 lder adults, in their mid-70s n average, wh had all reprted that their memry was nt as gd as it used t be.
As part f the study, all the participants tk a 10-mirrute test called the Mntreal Cgnitive Assessment. A nrmal scre is 26-30. A persn wh scres between 18 and 25 is cnsidered t have mild impairment (损害), which means they dn’t have dementia but they’re nt as sharp as they used t be and may need t wrk harder t maintain everyday activities. Once their scre drps under 18, peple experience quite a bit f impairment frm memry lss and cgnitive decline.
The average scre f participant s at the start f the study was 25. The study fund that peple wh practiced a simplified frm f Tai Chi twice a week fr abut six mnths imprved their scre by 1.5 pints, meaning that they’re ging t get three extra years befre they hit that decline int dementia.
Researchers als tested a mre stricter type f Tai Chi, called Cgnitively Enhanced Tai Chi, where they prvided extra challenges. Fr example, participants were asked t spell a wrd, backward and frward, as they mved thrugh a series f Tai Chi mves. The peple wh practice this type f cgnitively enhanced Tai Chi imprved their scres by abut 3 pints, meaning they are given six extra years f cgnitive functin.
The thery n why Tai Chi is effective is that it cmbines the memrizatin f the mvements knwn as frms, almst like cmpsing dancing mves.
4. Why are tw questins raised in the first paragraph?
A. T present the authr’s dubts.B. T expect answers frm readers.
C. T analyze the causes f frgetfulness.D. T intrduce the main tpic f the text.
5. What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A. Cgnitive assessment methds.B. The prcess f running the test.
C. Cgnitive measurement criteria.D. The test results f the participants.
6. What des the pre-best average scre f the participants imply?
A. Mst f them suffer frm, dementia.B. They remain as quick-minded as befre.
C. Many f them have slight cgnitive decline.D. They can prtect themselves against dementia.
7. Why des Tai Chi have a psitive impact?
A. It helps reslve challenges.B. It invlves mind-bdy mvements.
C. It puts ff cgnitive decline by three years.D. It imprves the participants academic level.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述练太极拳有助于减缓认知衰退和预防痴呆。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Such instances f “brain freeze” remind us that we shuld d everything in ur pwer t keep ur brains sharp.(这些“大脑冻结”的例子提醒我们，我们应该尽我们所能保持我们的大脑敏锐)”和第二段的“A new study finds Tai Chi can help slw cgnitive (认知的) decline and prtect against dementia (痴呆).(一项新研究发现太极拳有助于减缓认知衰退和预防痴呆)”可推知，文章开头的两个问题是为了引出“练太极拳有助于减缓认知衰退和预防痴呆”这个主题。故选D项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“As part f the study, all the participants tk a 10-mirrute test called the Mntreal Cgnitive Assessment. A nrmal scre is 26-30. A persn wh scres between 18 and 25 is cnsidered t have mild impairment (损害), which means they dn’t have dementia but they’re nt as sharp as they used t be and may need t wrk harder t maintain everyday activities, Once their scre drps under 18, peple experience quite a bit f impairment frm memry lss and cgnitive decline.(作为研究的一部分，所有参与者都参加了一个名为蒙特利尔认知评估的10分钟测试。正常的分数是26-30。得分在18到25分之间的人被认为有轻度损伤，这意味着他们没有痴呆症，但他们不像以前那么敏锐，可能需要更加努力地来维持日常活动，一旦他们的得分降至18分以下，人们经历相当多的记忆丧失和认知能力下降的损害)”可知，本段主要内容是认知测量标准。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“The average scre f participants at the start f the study was 25.(研究开始时，参与者的平均得分是25分)”以及第三段“A persn wh scres between 18 and 25 is cnsidered t have mild impairment (损害), which means they dn’t have dementia but they’re nt as sharp as they used t be and may need t wrk harder t maintain everyday activities.(得分在18到25分之间的人被认为有轻度损伤，这意味着他们没有痴呆症，但他们不像以前那么敏捷，可能需要更加努力地维持日常活动)”可知，他们中的许多人有轻微的认知能力下降。故选C项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The thery n why Tai Chi is effective is that it cmbines the memrizatin f the mvements, knwn as frms, almst like cmpsing dancing mves.(为什么太极拳有效的理论是，它结合了动作的记忆，几乎像编排舞蹈动作)”可知，太极之所以起到积极作用是因为它涉及身心运动。故选B项。
C
The cean is hme t mre than 200,000 knwn species and as many as 2 millin that we have yet t discver. And, it is als hme t 24.4 trillin pieces f micrplastics. In 2022, researchers sptlighted hw bad marine micrplastic pllutin, is getting: The ttal amunt f micrplastics n the bttm f ceans has greatly increased. in the past tw decades.
Micrplastic particles dn’t just end up at the bttm f the cean. Animals are eating them — at least 1,500 species have been reprted t ingest plastic. And a lt f it. Fr example, whales in New Zealand’s Hauraki Gulf cnsume rughly three millin micrplastics daily, accrding t research published in Science f the Ttal Envirnment, which analyzed whale waste t see hw much micrplastics were present.
“Other research has shwn that if plastics are small enugh, they can crss the gut(肠道) wall and get int internal rgans thugh the lng-term effects are still unclear. Plastics can als release chemicals that are harmful t digestive system,” says Kahane-Rapprt. “This is cncerning, and while we d nt yet understand the lng-term health-effects, it is likely nt a gd sign fr whales and their prey(猎物) t eat a man-made material like plastic.”
This is bviusly bad fr whales, but it als has effects n humans and the cean at large. We are als part f these fd chains and are cnsuming micrplastics regularly. They are in ur bttled water, in ur table salt — they are even in ur huse dust and in the air we breathe. And we still dn’t knw what the health effects are. Meanwhile, the impact n whales — and what it indicates — is trubling n many frnts. “Whales are ecsystem engineers,” says Kahane-Rapprt. “They can spread the nutrients that they cnsumed and serve as ecsystem guards — when whales are nt healthy, ther parts f the system will suffer.”
Kahane-Rapprt says mre research is needed. “The next research step will be t determine hw much plastic the whales excrete(排出) and hw much is left in their bdies. Fllwing that, we wuld be able t determine the direct health effects n their tissues.”
8. What des the underlined wrd “ingest” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Deal with.B. Bring up.C. Take in.D. Spread ut.
9. What can be inferred frm paragraph 3?
A. Researches shw cntradictry results.
B. Digestive system is the mst affected part.
C. Small plastics are mre harmful than big nes.
D. Much abut micrplastics’ harm remains unclear.
10. What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. The varius surces f pllutin.
B. Tab chain reactin f micrplastics.
C. Pssible slutins t plastic pllutin.
D. Grwing awareness f cean prtectin
11. What will the fllwing research fcus n?
A. Micrplastic pllutin t the cean bttm
B. The sufferings f ther cean creatures.
C. Whales’ cntributins t the ecsystem.
D. The amunt f plastic in whales bdies.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了海洋中微塑料污染的严重程度以及对鲸鱼和人类健康的影响。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。文章划线单词上文讲到“Micrplastic particles dn’t just end up at the bttm f the cean. Animals are eating them — at least 1,500 species have been reprted (微塑料颗粒不仅仅最终到达海底。动物正在吃它们——据报道至少有1500种……)”以及下文“Fr example, whales in New Zealand’s Hauraki Gulf cnsume rughly three millin micrplastics daily(例如，新西兰豪拉基湾的鲸鱼每天消耗大约300万个微塑料)”可知，鲸鱼正在吃掉这些塑料微粒。因此，第二段中带下划线的单词可能的意思是“摄入”。“Take in”符合这个意思。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。文章第三段讲到“Plastics can als release chemicals that are harmful t digestive system,” says Kahane-Rapprt. “This is cncerning, and while we d nt yet understand the lng-term health-effects, it is likely nt a gd sign fr whales and their prey(猎物) t eat a man-made material like plastic.”(塑料也会释放出对消化系统有害的化学物质，”Kahane Rapprt说。“这令人担忧，虽然我们还不了解其对健康的长期影响，但鲸鱼及其猎物食用塑料等人造材料可能不是一个好兆头。”)”可知，我们对微塑料的危害仍知之甚少。因此，从第三段可以推断出关于微塑料的危害，目前还不清楚。故选D。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第四段讲到“We are als part f these fd chains and are cnsuming micrplastics regularly. They are in ur bttled water, in ur table salt — they are even in ur huse dust and in the air we breathe. And we still dn’t knw what the health effects are. (我们也是这些食物链的一部分，并且经常食用微塑料。它们存在于我们的瓶装水、食盐中——甚至存在于我们家的灰尘和我们呼吸的空气中。我们仍然不知道对健康的影响是什么。)”可知，本段主要展示微塑料的连锁反应。故选B。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“The next research step will be t determine hw much plastic the whales excrete(排出) and hw much is left in their bdies. Fllwing that, we wuld be able t determine the direct health effects n their tissues. (下一步的研究将是确定鲸鱼排泄出多少塑料，以及它们体内还剩多少塑料。之后，我们将能够确定对其组织的直接健康影响。)”可知，接下来的研究将关注鲸鱼体内塑料的数量。故选C。
D
Off Australia’s nrthern cast, the remains f ancient cral reefs (珊瑚礁) frm the bedrck f wded islands, which are hme t diverse animals and plants, including mangrve (红树林) frests that blanket their casts and serve as vital habitats and carbn strers. A recent survey shws that expanding seas might have led t a massive mangrve increase, researchers reprt Nvember 1 in Prceedings f the Ryal Sciety B.
Mangrves absrb carbn dixide and stre it as “blue carbn”, a term fr carbn that is hidden away in cean envirnments. “There’s a lt f interest in using mangrve blue carbn t lessen climate change,” says Kerrylee Rgers, an envirnmental scientist at the University f Wllngng in Australia. But there remain a lt f questins arund their capacity t adapt t sea level rise.
In 2021,a team led by Wllngng envirnmental scientist Sarah Hamyltn visited the Hwick Islands t d a related research. They walked thrugh the seawater t assess the plant diversity and measure individual trees. Using the measured widths and heights f several mangrves, the team calculated tree widths fr the rest f the frest frm the data t estimate the ttal mangrve quantity. The islands hst nearly 54,000 metric tns f mangrves, the team estimates, which is rughly 10,000 mre metric tns than there was in 1973.
The Hwick Islands are uniquely suited t supprting mangrves as the cean rises. At the end f the Last Glacial Maximum, arund 12,000 years ag, water levels rse arund nrthern Australia, and cral reefs grew upward t fill the space that had pened fr them.
When sea levels fell thusands f years later, the expsed reefs became sediment (沉积物). With sea levels nw rising again, the mixture f saltwater and sediment makes a perfect hme fr the salt-tlerant mangrves.
Rgers and Hamyltn are nw wrking n a bigger effrt t study mangves arund Australia. “If we’re ging t invest in mangrves t prvide us blue carbn and t prtect shrelines, we need t understand hw dynamic they are,” Rgers says.
12. What can be knwn abut blue carbn?
A. It is prduced by cean water.B. It is massively present in the air.
C. It is friendly envirnment.D. It is nutritius fr mangrves.
13. What is the purpse f Hamyltn’s research?
A. T measure the size f mangrves.
B. T figure ut where t plant mangrves.
C. T cnfirm whether lcal natural envirnment is plluted.
D. T see hw the mangrves respnd t sea level rise.
14. What makes the Hwick Islands the suitable habitats fr mangrves?
A. The diversity f cean life.
B. The increase f cral reefs.
C. The cmbinatin f salt water and sediment.
D. The frmatin f the bedrck f wded islands.
15. What is the suitable title f the text?
A. Climate Change Causes Sea Level Rise
B. Sea Level Rise Helps Mangrves Bst
C. Envirnment n Australia Islands Is Imprving
D. Climate Warming Pses Dangers T Mangrves
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。在澳大利亚的一些岛屿上，海平面上升促使红树林的繁荣。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“There’s a lt f interest in using mangrve blue carbn t lessen climate change(人们对利用红树林蓝碳来减少气候变化很感兴趣)”可推知，蓝碳对环境友好。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But there remain a lt f questins arund their capacity t adapt t sea level rise.(但它们适应海平面上升的能力仍然存在很多问题)”和第三段中“In 2021, a team led by Wllngng envirnmental scientist Sarah Hamyltn visited the Hwick Islands t d a related research.(2021 年，Wllngng环境科学家Sarah Hamyltn领导的一个团队访问了Hwick群岛进行了相关研究)”可知，研究的目的是为了查明红树林对海平面上升的反应。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“With sea levels nw rising again, the mixture f saltwater and sediment makes a perfect hme fr the salt-tlerant mangrves.(随着海平面再次上升，盐水和沉积物的混合物成为耐盐红树林的完美家园)”可知，盐水和沉积物的组合使Hwick群岛成为红树林的合适栖息地。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“A recent survey shws that expanding seas might have led t a massive mangrve increase, researchers reprt Nvember 1 in Prceedings f the Ryal Sciety B.(研究人员11月1日在Prceedings f the Ryal Sciety B上报告说，最近的一项调查显示，海洋的扩张可能导致了红树林的大量增加)”可知，文章讲述的是在澳大利亚的一些岛屿上，海平面上升促使红树林的繁荣。所以，B项“海平面上升有助于红树林生长”适合作为标题。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips fr Planning a Nature Walk With Yur Child
When it cmes t planning a nature walk, the key tip t keep in mind is t have fun with it! ____16____ If children are given the pprtunity t experience nature, even in simple ways, interactin and engagement fllw quite naturally.
Let yur children get dirty.
If yur little ne is anxius t crawl (爬) in the dirt t get a better lk at wrms, then g fr it! ____17____ Research suggests that kids wh play the dirt are expsed t bacteria, germs and viruses that can help build their immune (免疫) system and reduce the risks f certain allergies and illnesses later in life.
____18____
Encurage them t stp t turn ver rcks, tuch mss, and when they can, climb n and ver rcks and fallen trees. Whatever the envirnment, which yu assess fr any unreasnable danger, the children can set the pace — stimulating cnfidence, flexibility, prblem-slving, creativity, and a sense f wnder.
Get creative.
____19____ Davis suggests pretending play, such as using a stick as a s wrd r magic wand, r making up stries abut the items fund during yur walk. Yur findings als wrk great fr an art prject. “Cllecting rcks while n yur nature walk can later he painted and re-purpsed as beautiful wrks f art,” says Davis.
Let lder children be mre adventurus.
Fr the lder kids, it’s all shut making a deeper cnnect in with the wrld arund them. With lder kids, yu can encurage them t cnnect with nature n a deeper level by explring their senses. ____20____.
A. Assess envirnment.
B. Have yur children lead the way.
C. Nature is perfect fr a child’s creativity.
D. Nature walks dn’t have t be cmplicated.
E. Dirt might get a bad reputatin, but it shuldn’t.
F. Try having them walk bareft n different surfaces.
G. Give them the freedm t play in their wn ways.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了计划与孩子一起在大自然散步的几点建议。
【16题详解】
后文“If children are given the pprtunity t experience nature, even in simple ways, interactin and engagement fllw quite naturally.(如果孩子们有机会体验大自然，即使是简单的方式，互动和参与也会自然而然地随之而来)”谈到，如果给予孩子探索自然的机会，即便是简单的方式，孩子也会自然地互动和参与起来，据此可以推断出此处应该谈到大自然散步是一件并不复杂的事情，D项“自然漫步并不一定要很复杂”符合语境，故选D。
【17题详解】
根据前文“If yur little ne is anxius t crawl (爬) in the dirt t get a better lk at wrms, then g fr it!(如果你的孩子急于在泥土里爬，以便更好地观察蠕虫，那就去做吧)”和后文“Research suggests that kids wh play the dirt are expsed t bacteria, germs and viruses that can help build their immune (免疫) system and reduce the risks f certain allergies and illnesses later in life.(研究表明，玩泥巴的孩子会接触到细菌、病菌和病毒，这些细菌和病毒可以帮助他们建立免疫系统，降低日后患某些过敏和疾病的风险)”可知，此处与dirt有关，结合后文谈到的好处可以推断出于dirt的优缺点有关，E项“肮脏可能会有坏名声，但它不应该”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据本段内容“Encurage them t stp t turn ver rcks, tuch mss, and when they can, climb n and ver rcks and fallen trees. Whatever the envirnment, which yu assess fr any unreasnable danger, the children can set the pace — stimulating cnfidence, flexibility, prblem-slving, creativity, and a sense f wnder.(鼓励他们停下来翻石头，摸苔藓，如果可以的话，爬上石头和倒下的树。无论环境如何，你评估任何不合理的危险，孩子们都可以设定节奏——激发信心，灵活性，解决问题的能力，创造力和惊奇感)”可知，本段谈到鼓励孩子们多去跟大自然接触，去体验不同的环境，家长在确保环境安全的前提下，让孩子确定与大自然接触的节奏，B项“让孩子们带路”符合本段主旨，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据本段小标题“Get creative.(变得有创造力)”可知，本段于创造力有关，结合本段末句“Cllecting rcks while n yur nature walk can later he painted and re-purpsed as beautiful wrks f art(在大自然中散步时收集的岩石可以在以后被他绘画并重新利用为美丽的艺术品)”可知，C项“大自然对激发孩子的创造力再合适不过了”符合本段主题，故选C。
【20题详解】
结合本段小标题“Let lder children be mre adventurus.(让大一点的孩子更有冒险精神)”可知，本段主题是“让大一点的孩子更有冒险精神”，前文“With lder kids, yu can encurage them t cnnect with nature n a deeper level by explring their senses.(对于大一点的孩子，你可以通过探索他们的感官来鼓励他们与自然建立更深层次的联系)”提到通过探索感官来鼓励孩子接触大自然，F项“试着让他们赤脚在不同的地面上行走”是具体的方法，故选F。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所结构 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 2012, Laura Eshelman man was in the middle f a mental unsettlement. She was having ____21____ in finding wrk. “I was leaving a dwntwn business where I had anther jb applicatin ____22____. I was feeling pretty ____23____ and decided t g t the Whle Fds acrss the street,” Eshelman recalled.
As she crssed the street, Eshelman ____24____ a man asking tr mney n the crner. But he was ____25____ by passersby. As Eshelman ____26____, he purmed t her, and asked if he culd have a little bit f mney. She was ____27____ and said: “Leave me alne. I dn’t have anything t give yu. Get away!”
Eshelman ____28____ int the grcery stre. But suddenly she realized hw ____29____ she bad been t the man. Eshelman rushed utside t find him. She aplgized and ____30____ sme cins frm the bttm f her ____31____.
As she ____32____ him the change, the man said, “It’s OK. Everything ____33____ will disappear.” And all f a sudden, she felt like smebdy was seeing her ____34____, and she started t cry.
“That mment n the street was ne f the few ____35____ in that extremely dark perid f my life,” Eshelman later said.
21.
A. funB. trubleC. experienceD. luck
22.
A. rejectedB. submittedC. displayedD. fllwed
23.
A. relaxedB. awkwardC. nervusD. depressed
24.
A. rememberedB. guidedC. spttedD. cmfrted
25.
A. ignredB. tuchedC. rewardedD. cheated
26.
A. hesitatedB. waitedC. escapedD. apprached
27.
A. activeB. impatientC. anxiusD. desperate
28.
A. slidB. struggledC. gtD. lked
29.
A. helpfulB. rudeC. strictD. particular
30.
A. set asideB. put awayC. dug utD. used up
31.
A. heartB. pcketC. streD. drawer
32.
A. handedB. lentC. returnedD. awarded
33.
A. dangerusB. nrmalC. unpracticalD. unpleasant
34.
A. painB. chiceC. effrtD. privilege
35.
A. instantsB. chancesC. differencesD. flashes
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了Laura Eshelman在经历了一段精神困扰和求职困难后，在街头偶遇一个乞讨者并与其发生互动，最终从对方的话中得到慰藉的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她找工作遇到了困难。A. fun乐趣；B. truble麻烦；C. experience经验；D. luck好运。根据前文“In 2012, Laura Eshelman man was in the middle f a mental unsettlement.”可知，Laura精神不安，所以应是找工作遇到了困难。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正要离开一家市中心的公司，在那里我又被拒绝了一份工作。A. rejected拒绝；B. submitted提交；C. displayed显示；D. fllwed跟随。根据前文“She was having 1 in finding wrk.”可知，Laura找工作遇到了困难，所以是工作申请被拒绝了。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常沮丧，于是决定去街对面的全食超市。A. relaxed轻松的；B. awkward令人尴尬的；C. nervus紧张的；D. depressed沮丧的。根据前文“I was leaving a dwntwn business where I had anther jb applicatin 2 .”可知，作者又一次被拒绝了工作申请，所以是感到沮丧的。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她穿过街道时，Eshelman看到一个男人在街角要钱。A. remembered记得；B. guided指导；C. sptted看见；D. cmfrted安慰。根据后文“a man asking tr mney n the crner”结合选项可知，应是看到一个男人在街角要钱。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他没有受到路人的理睬。A. ignred忽视；B. tuched感动；C. rewarded奖励；D. cheated作弊。根据前文“a man asking tr mney n the crner”以及but表转折可知，应是没人理他，符合语境。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Eshelman走近她时，他向她致敬，轻声问她能不能给他一点钱。A. hesitated犹豫；B. waited等待；C. escaped逃跑；D. apprached接近。根据后文“he purmed t her, and asked if he culd have a little bit f mney”可知，应是Eshelman走近她时，他向Eshelman乞讨。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不耐烦地说：“别烦我。我没有东西给你。走开！”A. active积极；B. impatient不耐烦的；C. anxius焦虑的；D. desperate不惜冒险的。根据后文“Leave me alne. I dn’t have anything t give yu. Get away!”可知，Eshelman是不耐烦的。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Eshelman走进杂货店。A. slid滑行；B. struggled努力；C. gt进入；D. lked看。根据后文“Eshelman rushed utside t find him.”可知，Eshelman冲了出来，所以此处应是走进杂货店。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她突然意识到自己对那个男人是多么粗鲁。A. helpful有帮助的；B. rude粗鲁的；C. strict严格的；D. particular特别的。根据前文“Leave me alne. I dn’t have anything t give yu. Get away!”可知，Eshelman对男人的很粗鲁。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。她道了歉，然后从口袋里掏出一些硬币。A. set aside放在一边；B. put away收起；C. dug ut翻出；D. used up耗尽。根据后文“sme cins”结合选项可知，应是从口袋里掏出一些硬币。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她道了歉，然后从口袋里掏出一些硬币。A. heart心脏；B. pcket口袋；C. stre商店；D. drawer抽屉。根据前文“She aplgized and 10 sme cins”结合实际可知，应是从口袋里掏出一些硬币。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她把零钱递给他时，那人说：“没关系。一切不愉快的事情都会消失。”A. handed递；B. lent借给；C. returned返回；D. awarded授予。根据上文“She aplgized and 10 sme cins frm the bttm f her 11 .”可知，Eshelman掏出一些硬币应是给这个男人，表达歉意。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她把零钱递给他时，那人说：“没关系。一切不愉快的事情都会消失。”A. dangerus危险的；B. nrmal正常的；C. unpractical不切实际的；D. unpleasant不愉快的。根据前文内容可知，Eshelman找工作不顺利，日子过得不愉快，然后当这个男人向她乞讨时，她态度粗鲁，也会让这个男人不愉快，所以此处应是表达“一切不愉快的事情都会消失”之意。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然间，她觉得有人看到了她的痛苦，于是她哭了起来。A. pain痛苦；B. chice选择；C. effrt努力；D. privilege特权。根据前文“It’s OK. Everything 13 will disappear.”可知，男人说一切不愉快的事情都会消失，这句活说到了Eshelman的痛处，她因为找工作的事，过得不愉快，感觉有人看到了她的痛苦。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在街上的那一刻是我生命中极其黑暗的时期中为数不多的闪光之一，”Eshelman后来说。A. instants瞬间；B. chances机会；C. differences不同；D. flashes光芒。根据前文“she felt like smebdy was seeing her 14 , and she started t cry.”以及后文“in that extremely dark perid f my life”可知，有人理解了她的痛苦，应是她生命中极其黑暗的时期中为数不多的闪光之一。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yu can be happy even when yu’re suffering frm illness, but that desn’t mean yu shuld ignre the aspects f yur health ____36____ are in yur cntrl. Exercise and sleep are particularly imprtant when it cmes ____37____ happiness.
Making exercise a regular habit isn’t just gd fr the bdy. It als has a ____38____ (pwer) effect n mental well-being. Peple wh exercise regularly are happier acrss the bard. Plus, they’re als less stressed, anxius, and ____39____ (depress).
It desn’t really matter ____40____ kind f exercise yu d, s lng as yu d it regularly. Fr the best results, aim fr an hur f exercise at least five days a week. If yu find smething yu enjy, yu’ll be mre likely ____41____ (stick) t it. S dn’t think yu’re limited t ____42____ (g) t the gym. Find smething that suits yur lifestyle and preferences. If yu’re having truble thinking f activities yu enjy, think back t when yu ____43____ (be) a kid. What sprts r games did yu like t play?
Als, getting quality sleep every night directly ____44____ (affect) yur happiness, and emtinal stability during the day. When yu re lacking sleep, yu’re much easier t stress. It’s harder t be prductive, think creatively, and make wise ____45____ (decide). The average persn needs at least 7.5 - 9 hurs each night.
【答案】36. that##which
37. t 38. pwerful
39. depressed
40. what 41. t stick
42. ging 43. were
44. affects
45. decisins
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了锻炼和睡眠对于幸福的重要性。
36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：即使你生病了，你也可以很快乐，但这并不意味着你应该忽视你可以控制的健康方面。分析句子可知，空处应填关系代词引导定语从句，修饰先行词aspects，先行词为物，且关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词that或which。故填that或which。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：当谈到幸福时，锻炼和睡眠尤为重要。when it cmes t“当提到……的时候”为固定搭配。故填t。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：将锻炼变成一种常规习惯不仅对身体有益，它还对心理健康有着强大的积极影响。分析句子可知，空处应用形容词pwerful“强大的”在句中作定语。故填pwerful。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：此外，他们也较少感到压力、焦虑和抑郁。分析句子可知，空处应填名词depressed“抑郁的”在句中和stressed，anxius并列作表语。故填depressed。
【40题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：你做什么样的运动其实并不重要，关键是要持之以恒。分析句子可知，句中it作形式主语，空处引导的从句作真正的主语，what引导主语从句，此处表示“什么样的运动”。故填what。
【41题详解】
考查不定式。句意：如果你找到了你喜欢的东西，你就更有可能坚持下去。be likely t d“很可能做某事”为固定短语。故填t stick。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：所以，不要以为你只局限于去健身房。介词t后接动词的动名词形式作宾语。故填ging。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意：如果你难以想到自己喜欢的活动，回想一下你小时候的情况。描述事物过去的状态，应用一般过去时，yu作主语，be用were。故填were。
44题详解】
考查时态。句意：此外，每晚获得高质量的睡眠会直接影响你白天的幸福感和情绪稳定性。描述现在的一般事实，应用一般现在时，单个动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填affects。
45题详解】
考查名词。句意：工作效率会降低，创造性思维变得更加困难，也更难做出明智的决策。分析句子可知，空处应填名词decisin“决定”作宾语，可数名词前没有任何限定词修饰，应用复数形式表示泛指。故填decisins。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校英文报本周六将举办为贫困山区孩子捐赠图书的活动，请你用英文写一封倡议书，内容包括：
1.活动目的和方式；
2.呼吁大家参加。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear fellw students,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear fellw students,
An activity f bk dnatin is t be launched this Saturday, which is aimed at lightening the hearts f children in pr muntainus areas with knwledge.
Bks that are welcme include dictinaries, textbks, strytelling sessins, picture bks, science bks, etc. As dnrs, yu can receive timely feedbacks cncerning where yur dnatins g. Besides, yu will be given a small gift in reward fr yur genersity. Please bring yur bks t the gate f the schl library at 8: 00 a. m. The activity will be ver at 5: 00 p. m.
Yur act f kindness will make a difference t thse children’s life. Jin us!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学校英文报本周六将举办为贫困山区孩子捐赠图书的活动写一封倡议书。
【详解】1.词汇积累
目的是：be aimed at ding→be intended t d
包含：include→cntain
关于：cncerning→abut
礼物：gift→present
2.句式拓展
改写同义句
原句：Besides, yu will be given a small gift in reward fr yur genersity.
拓展句：Besides, yu will be rewarded with a small gift fr yur genersity.
【点睛】【高分句型1】An activity f bk dnatin is t be launched this Saturday, which is aimed at lightening the hearts f children in pr muntainus areas with knwledge.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】As dnrs, yu can receive timely feedbacks cncerning where yur dnatins g.（运用了where引导宾语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In the classrm f Class 7, Grade 8, students were excited abut an upcming event. The schl had rganized a speech cmpetitin titled “Ways t Becme Successful,” and many students were eager t shwcase their public speaking skills. Amng them was 13-year-ld Zra, wh, had already wn tw speech cntests and was full f cnfidence that she culd win again.
Zra vlunteered t represent her class in the cmpetitin, and after a rund f vting, she was chsen as the class representative. Althugh there were nly seven days left until the big day, Zra felt a sense f ease abut the cmpetitin. After all, she had been here befre and knew what it tk t win.
At hme, Zra’s father cngratulated her n her achievement, while her mther reminded her t take the cmpetitin seriusly. Despite her parents’ advice, Zra was cnvinced that her past successes meant this wuld be a walk in the park. Her teacher als urged her t prepare diligently, but Zra nly sught help nce t revise her initial draft.
As the days went by, Zra did nt put in the necessary effrt t refine her speech. When the day f the cmpetitin arrived, she was hit with a sudden wave f panic. She culdn’t remember the cntent f her speech, and as she stepped nt the stage, her anxiety nly grew. After delivering the pening lines, she frze, unable t cntinue. The supprtive applause frm the audience nly added t her cnfusin, leaving n rm fr her t recall her prepared wrds.
Zra struggled thrugh the rest f her speech, finishing it in a state f embarrassment and shame. As she walked ff the stage, she saw the disappintment in her teacher’s eyes and felt the letdwn frm her classmates. It was a heavy burden t bear.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Back at hme, Zra culd n lnger hld back her tears.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, Zra went t schl and aplgized t her class.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Back at hme, Zra culd n lnger hld back her tears. She felt the weight f her actins and the missed pprtunity deeply. Sensing her depressin, her father apprached her with a cmfrting presence. Zra tld her failure t her father, after which her father gently explained that acknwledging ne’s mistakes was an imprtant part f persnal grwth. He emphasized that true success wasn’t abut never failing, but learning frm thse failures. He als prpsed that Zra deliver a new speech in frnt f her class, reflecting n the authentic jurney t success.
The next day, Zra went t schl and aplgized t her class. She then asked her teacher and classmates if she culd give anther speech in her class. They respnded t her with warm applause. After careful preparatin, Zra delivered a heartfelt speech abut the imprtance f hard wrk and perseverance. Her classmates and teacher listened carefully, and shwed their supprt and understanding with gentle nds. Thrugh this experience, Zra learned a valuable lessn. Success is nt just abut talent r past achievements; it requires cntinuus effrt and preparatin.
【解析】
【导语】本文以时间为线索展开，主要讲述了13岁的Zra已经赢得过两次演讲比赛，因此对自己再次获胜充满信心。她自愿代表班级参加比赛，并在投票中被选为班级代表。离比赛只剩下7天时，她却表现的过于轻松，认为自己知道怎样才能赢。尽管家人和老师多次提醒她认真对待比赛并付出努力，但Zra仍坚持认为以前的成功意味着一切会很顺利，只请老师帮忙修改过一次演讲稿。在比赛当天，Zra突然感到恐慌，甚至忘记了演讲的内容。上台后，她表现地很僵硬，最终在尴尬和羞愧中结束了演讲。走下舞台时，她感受到了老师和同学的失望，这给她带来沉重的负担。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“回到家里，Zra再也忍不住流下了眼泪”可知，第一段可描写Zra得到父母的安慰，以及他们建议她从这次的失败中吸取教训，并重新练习做一次演讲。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，Zra去学校向她的同学道歉”可知，第二段可描写Zra在同学面前认真地做了新的演讲，他们给予她理解和支持，以及Zra从整个经历中获得的感悟。
2. 续写线索：回家后Zra流泪——父母安慰——父母给出建议——Zra向同学道歉——Zra重新做演讲——感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①察觉到：sense/perceive/detect
②解释：explain/clarify
③承认：acknwledge/admit
④强调：emphasize/stress
⑤建议：prpse/suggest
⑥需要：require/need
情绪类
①沮丧：depressin/frustratin
②安慰的：cmfrting/cnsling/sthing
【点睛】[高分句型1] Zra tld her failure t her father, after which her father gently explained that acknwledging ne’s mistakes was an imprtant part f persnal grwth. (after which引导非限制性定语从句、that引导宾语从句、动名词短语acknwledging…作主语)
[高分句型2] He als prpsed that Zra deliver a new speech in frnt f her class, reflecting n the authentic jurney t success. (that引导宾语从句、现在分词短语reflecting n作状语)
[高分句型3] She then asked her teacher and classmates if she culd give anther speech in her class. (if引导宾语从句)