2024年冀教版中考英语专题课件：话题二 家庭、朋友与周围的人

这是一份2024年冀教版中考英语专题课件：话题二 家庭、朋友与周围的人，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了第一部分 话题培优，重难点突破，表达能力提升，核心素养培优，探究 ，运用 单项选择，These are，This is，to see，运用单项选择等内容，欢迎下载使用。
话题二 家庭、朋友与周围的人
家庭、朋友与周围的人（Family，friends and peple arund）下的子话题分别为家人和亲友（Family and relatives）、朋友（Friends）、其他人（Other peple）。家庭、朋友与周围的人都是我们平时生活中最亲近的人，想要自如地表达关于家庭、朋友与周围的人的内容，需要掌握以下知识点。
1.指示代词 【观察】① Thse are my parents. ② Oh, and these are my brthers. ③ Kate, this is my friend Jane. ④ That's my grandfather.
【拓展】（1）回答主语是this 或that 的疑问句时，在答语中用it来代替问句中的this 或that；回答主语是these或 thse的疑问句时，在答语中用they来代替问句中的these或 thse。
（2）在电话用语中，常用this指自己，that指对方。
（3）比较级中可用that指代上文提到的同类事物，如果指代对象是复数，则用thse。
（1）—Hell, Linda speaking. Wh's ___?—Hell, this is Martin.
A.heB.sheC.thatD.this
（2）—Is that Lucy's ntebk?—Yes, ___ is.
A.itB.thatC.thseD.they
（3）The weather in Shenzhen is much htter than ___ in Beijing.
A.itB.neC.thatD.thse
根据汉语意思完成句子。
（4）这些是我的笔。__________ my pens.
（5）我是玛丽。________ Mary speaking.
2.hpe的用法【观察】① We hpe t see yu again. = We hpe that we can see yu again.② I hpe yu can help me with my math.【探究】hpe作动词，意为“希望”，常用结构：hpe t d sth.希望做某事。hpe之后还可接that 从句，意为“希望……”。【运用】根据汉语意思完成句子。
（1）她说她希望见到她的女儿。She said she hped _______her daughter.
（2）我希望你能成功。I ______________ yu can succeed.
3.一般将来时【观察】① Peple will have rbts in their hmes.② I shall be eighteen years ld next year.③ I'm ging t visit the Great Wall.
【探究】一般将来时的基本结构：主语+will/shall/be ging t+动词原形。一般将来时的标志词：later,sn,in a mnth（in+一段时间）,next time,frm nw n,tmrrw等。
一般将来时的常见用法：（1）“Will/Shall+动词原形”表示在将来的某个时候将要发生的动作或存在的状态（指客观上将来势必发生的事情）。如：The cncert will start in a minute.
（2）“be ging t+动词原形”表示计划、打算做某事，表示已决定的、很可能发生的事或有某种迹象表明要发生的事（指主观判断将来肯定发生的事情）。如：What are yu ging t d next Sunday?Lk at the dark cluds. There is ging t be a strm.
【拓展】一般将来时的其他表达：
（1）“be abut t+动词原形”和“be t+动词原形”，表示即将发生的动作，意为“很快；马上”。如：The train is abut t start.
（2）g, cme, leave, stay, start, begin 等可用现在进行时表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。如：She is ging there tmrrw.
（3）表示按规定或时间表预计将发生的动作可用一般现在时表示将来的情况。如：We're ging t Changchun. Our plane takes ff at 8：10.
（4）在 if, as sn as, until, when 等引导的时间状语从句中，若主句为一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时表示将来。如：If it desn't rain this afternn, we'll have a ftball match.
（1）（2022·温州中考）—Lydia, have yu decided which city t travel t, Lndn r New Yrk?—Nt yet. Maybe I ___ Lndn t meet my friends this time.
A.visitB.visitedC.will visitD.was visiting
（2）（2022·北京中考）Dn't lse heart. If yu keep wrking hard, yu ___ sme day.
A.will succeedB.succeedC.succeededD.have succeeded
（3）（2022·百色中考）I dn't knw if it ____ tmrrw, but if it ______, I'll stay at hme.
A.will rain；rainsB.will rain；will rainC.rains；will rainD.rains；rains
（4）—Let's discuss the plan, shall we？—Nt nw. I ___ an interview.
A.hadB.wuld haveC.am ging t haveD.was ging t have
（5）The ship ___ in 10 minutes.
A.leftB.is leftC.leavesD.has left
（6）（2023·连云港中考）T make the envirnment much better, mre trees___ next year.
A.plantB.will plantC.are plantedD.will be planted
4.辨析 there be与have【观察】① There will be nly ne persn t get the mney.② There is ging t be a sprts meeting next week.③ I have tw bks and a pen.④ He has a big family.
【探究】（1）there be 句型表示“存在；有”，即什么地方或什么时间存在什么人物或事物。其中 be 动词有时态、人称和单复数变化。如果有两个或两个以上的词作主语，be 动词要和最靠近它的那个词在人称和数上保持一致。
（2）there be 句型的将来时为： there will be 或者 there is ging t be。
（3）have/has表示“某人拥有某物”。当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词用 has; 其他人称作主语时，谓语动词用 have。
（1）There ___ a by and tw girls n the playgrund.
A.areB.hasC.isD.have
（2）（2022·天津中考）We hpe ___ a cmputer n every student's desk in the future.
A.there isB.there wasC.there will beD.there has been
（3）My grandparents ___ 4 lvely pets.
A.haveB.there isC.hasD.there are
5.辨析few, a few, little与a little【观察】① I knew few peple there.② I have nly a few bks.③ They have very little mney.④ A little water is enugh.【探究】few 和 a few 修饰可数名词复数，few 表示否定意义，a few 表示肯定意义；little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词，little 表示否定意义，a little 表示肯定意义。
（1）This is a very ld sng, s___ yung peple knw it.
A.fewB.littleC.a fewD.a little
（2）There aren't many ranges here, but yu can take ___ if yu want.
A.fewB.a fewC.a littleD.little
（3）Shanghai Waihuan Tunnel is already pen t traffic, s it will take us ___ time t g t Pudng Internatinal Airprt.
A.a fewB.fewerC.a littleD.less
（4）In rder t keep healthy, yu shuld eat ____ fast fd,______ fresh vegetables and take enugh ; fewerB.less; mreC.fewer; mreD.less; less
（5）（2022·郴州中考）—Hurry up, r we will miss the schl bus.—Dn't wrry. We have ___ time.
A.fewB.littleC.a little
6.辨析family, hme, rm与huse【观察】① Jeff 's family is having a yard sale.② My family are watching TV nw.③ He is studying at hme nw.④ He is nt in the rm nw.⑤ I want a big huse with a big garden.
【运用】 用family, hme, rm 或huse 填空。
（1）I'd like t bk a ______ with a view f the lake.（2）Linda bught a big ______ fr her parents in her hmetwn.（3）Almst every _______ in the cuntry wns a televisin.（4）Sally cnsiders Xi'an as her secnd ______ because she has lived there fr ten years.
7.ask的用法【观察】① My mm asked t g alne.② He asks me nt t swim in the river.③ If yu have questins, yu can ask the teacher fr help.④ My teacher asked me abut my family.
（1）Jessica fund it difficult t remember new wrds. S she asked her teacher ___ advice.
A.frB.tC.atD.in
（2）These parents asked the teacher ___ the exam results f their children.
A.frB.byC.abutD.with
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。（3）My parents ask me nt ______（g） ut after 9 p.m. They think it's t dangerus fr me.
8.辨析bth与all【观察】 ① Bth my sister and I study in this middle schl.② They're all gd players, but she's the best f all.
【运用】 用bth或all填空。
（1）It's ur dream t have less and less pllutin in ur city. I think _____ the gvernment and ur citizens shuld d smething fr it.（2）____ the passengers must shw their ID cards and tickets t the statin wrkers when they get thrugh the railway statin entrance.
9.similar 的用法【观察】① We have very similar interests.② My pinin is similar t yurs.③ The tw cities are similar in many ways.
【探究】 （1） similar作形容词，意为“相似的；类似的”，可在句中作定语或表语。
（2） 常用固定短语有：be similar t… “与……相似”,其反义短语是be different frm… “与……不同”；be similar in…“在……方面相似”。
【运用】 根据汉语意思完成句子。
（1）研究表明，成功的语言学习者在很多方面都是相似的。Research shws that successful language learners _____________ many ways.
are similar in
（2）国与国之间的文化与风俗是不同的。Cultures and custms are very _____________ cuntry t cuntry.
different frm
（3）我的观点和我们班大部分学生的是相似的。My pinin ____________ that f mst students in my class.
is similar t
（2022·广安中考改编）根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。A: Hi, Tm! Yu lk very happy tday!B: Oh, yes. Guess what? My best friend Ben is cming.
A: Really? 1.____________________________________?B: Tmrrw. I can't wait t see him.
A: 2.______________________________?B: He will stay with me fr tw weeks.
When is he cming/When will he cme
Hw lng will he stay with yu
A: 3._______________?B: He is really friendly. I'm sure yu will like him when yu see him.
A: 4.______________________?B: He is tall and strng. He plays ftball well.A: Culd yu intrduce him t me?
B: 5.____________________________.
What is he like
What des he lk like
Of curse/Sure/N prblem/OK
（2023·陕西中考）假如你是李涛，你们学校英语社团正在开展以“感恩”为主题的征文活动。请你认真阅读以下通知，并按要求用英语写一篇短文，参加此次活动。
参考词汇：ck a meal, make a gift, take a walk with him, delicius, special, … 要求：1. 短文必须包括所给要点，选择使用参考词汇，可适当发挥；
2.语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整； 3.文中不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）； 4.词数：不少于70。（开头已给出，但不计入总词数。）
Tday is Father's Day. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I want t d smething meaningful fr him.
First, I will ck a meal fr him. My father is very busy but he ften makes delicius fd fr me. S I want t thank him and let him have a rest. Als, I plan t make a special gift by myself. I think he will like it. Last, I am ging t take a walk with him. I can tell him interesting stries t make him happy.
All in all, I really lve my father. And I really want t say: “I lve yu, Dad.”
（2023·安徽中考）阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 At the 2023 Shenzhen Marathn（马拉松）, 45-year-ld Lu Shujian crssed the finishing line with his 13-year-ld sn Xiabai, wh was in a special push-chair. They . .1. . the half-marathn race in an hur and 59 minutes. The sn was brn with cerebral palsy（脑性瘫痪）. He had t stay indrs, but his father decided t give him a . .2. . and happy life by
taking up marathns with him. Hwever, the decisin was challenging （挑战性的） because Lu had n . .3. . experience. He had t . .4. . at 4 a.m. t practice running befre wrk. Whenever he gt chances, he wuld take his sn with him t races, . .5. . half-marathns. Nw Xiabai likes t watch the wrld frm his push-chair with his father during races. Thugh he cannt express feelings in . .6. ., he shws them thrugh expressins and bdy language. He claps his hands and smiles t shw his . .7. .. The ther runners are friendly and . .8. . them n as they pass.
Their marathn races have . .9. . them t Chengdu t see pandas, t Beijing t climb the Great Wall, and t Lanzhu t take phts alng the Yellw River. Lu plans t keep . .10. . with his sn t allw Xiabai t live the best life he can.
1.( ) A.heldB.finishedC.cancelledD.watched
2.( ) A.fullB.silentC.shrtD.bring
3.( ) A.readingB.sprtingC.writingD.acting
4.( ) A.hang utB.break awayC.give inD.get up
5.( ) A.reallyB.luckilyC.especiallyD.strangely
6.( ) A.rderB.wnderC.wrdsD.numbers
7.( ) A.dubtB.pityC.hnestyD.happiness
8.( ) A.putB.cheerC.trainD.invite
9.( ) A.takenB.handedC.avidedD.translated
10.( ) A.drawingB.ringingC.waitingD.running
第一节：阅读下面两篇短文，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。
（A）（2023·枣庄中考） The thing that I really miss mst is playing with my friends. We were a big grup f arund 15 friends r mre. We usually played ball in the parking lt. Our neighbrs ften talked abut ur faults because smetimes the ball hit the cars r brke the street lights, mst f the time we shuted t ludly and made them annyed.
We played every day frm abut 4 p.m. t 6 p.m. After that, we went back hme t take a shwer, have dinner and then met again. In the evening, we talked abut many different tpics such as cllecting stamps, fishing, cartns, and ppular film stars. Even thugh sme f us had a different pinin abut smething smetimes, we never had an angry argument with each ther. A few years later, we stpped playing because we grew up. We didn't have enugh time t d things tgether. Sme f us started cllege, thers gt married r mved away. The grup started t be smaller and smaller. Smetimes we didn't see each ther fr a lng time.
Nwadays, I dn't hear frm them. I wish I culd meet them again t remember all thse gd times that we had in ur childhd.
1.The underlined wrd “annyed” in Paragraph 1 means “___”.
A.deafB.happyC.angryD.surprised
2.Hw ften did they play tgether?( )
A.Every day.B.Once a a week.D.Three times a week.
3.They stpped playing after sme years because ___.
A.they started cllegeB.they mved awayC.they were marriedD.they grew up
（B）（2023·随州中考） During my last year f junir high schl, ur teacher, Mrs. Debby, gave us a quiz （测试）. I was a hard-wrking student and I did well in all subjects. I finished the questin successfully until I read the last ne: What is the first name f the wman wh cleans the schl? Of curse I thught that must have been a jke. I saw the cleaning wman every day. She was shrt and abut 50 years ld. She had dark hair. But hw culd I knw her name? I had never talked with her befre. In fact, I'd never even thught abut talking t her. I lked at
my paper and started t feel rather guilty （内疚的）. Finally, I handed in my paper, leaving the last ne unanswered. Befre the quiz ended, ne student asked if the last questin wuld be cunted in ur grades. “Of curse,” the teacher said. “In yur life, yu will meet many peple. They are all imprtant. They deserve （值得） yur attentin and care, even if all yu d is t smile and say hell.” I've never frgtten that lessn. Everyne deserves my attentin and I shuld get t knw all f the peple wh wrk and live arund me.
That was, perhaps, the mst imprtant lessn in my life. Later, I als learned that the cleaning wman's first name was Hannah.
1.We can knw frm the passage that the writer ___ during junir high schl.
A.was nt hard-wrkingB.didn't like t g t schlC.did well in all subjectsD.always talked with the cleaning wman
2.What was the writer's answer t the last questin f the quiz?( )
A.“Debby.”B.“I dn't knw.”C.“Hannah.”D.He didn't answer it.
3.By the last questin f the quiz, the teacher wanted t tell the students that ___.
A.they shuld wrk hardB.they shuld learn frm each therC.they shuld pay attentin t all the peple arund themD.they shuld clean the schl by themselves
第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（C）（2022·衡阳中考改编）
Parents can be very imprtant teachers in ur lives. 1.___ Parents may be t clse t their children emtinally （感情上）. Smetimes they can nly see their children thrugh the eyes f a prtectr. 2.___ Hwever, it might seem t dangerus fr a parent.
Anther prblem is that parents may expect their children's interests t be similar t their wn. 3.___ But what if their children's true lve is art r writing, r car repair?
Parents usually want t pass n their values t their children. But shuld children always believe what their parents d?4.___ But when they get lder, they will have different ways f thinking.
The mst imprtant thing t realize is that we all have many teachers in ur lives. Our parents teach us, ur teachers teach us, and ur friends teach us. 5.___ All f them are valuable.
Ⅲ.完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。
1.儿童和成年人应该享有平等的权利。Children and adults ____________ equal rights.
2.她希望在下次比赛中获得金牌。She is ______________ the gld medal in the next cmpetitin.
hping t win
3.她太小了，不能骑自行车。She is ___________________ t ride a bicycle.
t little/yung/small
4.他的房间和我的很相似。His rm is _______t mine.
5.我妈妈经常让我帮她做家务。My mther_____ me t help her __________ ften.
（2023·烟台中考改编）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）
Recently an ld friend phned me t ask abut the success I had in my life and hw I achieved it. He has similar gals as me: get in shape, get int music mre 1._________, and be gd at Japanese.
I haven't cmpletely 2.________ my lng-term gals yet in any f these 3 things. He thinks that I've made sme prgress n my jurney t achieving 3.______gals and I can give him sme advice.
We had a nice talk fr an hur n the phne and he seemed pretty encuraged. A week went by and he sent me phts f him learning Japanese and music. He als trained with the help f a persnal fitness cach. He develped the habit f psting （发布） regularly nline all f the prgress he was 4.________. He was ding great. Every weekend he wuld pst his new prgress and I really enjyed reading it!
Of curse, I will have t let him knw that making prgress 5.___ nt easy. He'll meet sme difficulties n the rad. Hwever, I'm letting him 6.______ the new achievements nw and will help him ut when that time 7._______.
I'm thankful fr him giving me the 8._______ t serve him and give him advice, and I'm thankful t see that he's spending the time and mney t imprve his life. He has even tld me hw thankful he is with all the recent 9.________ in his life. Even if yu haven't reached yur gals, it's gd t realize hw far yu've gne. Be prud f 10.________and knw hw much yu can help thers achieve the same.
（2022·贺州中考改编）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。 Once upn a time, tw brthers lived in a village. They were bth farmers and grew crn. The elder brther had many children t feed. The yunger brther als had a big family t lk after. Althugh the brthers were pr, they lived happily. One year, there was a drught （干旱） and the crn didn't grw well. The tw brthers cllected their small harvest and stred the grain in their barns （谷仓）.
That night, the elder brther culdn't sleep. He was wrried abut his brther. Wuld he have enugh grain t feed his family? At last, the elder brther gt ut f bed. He went t his barn and filled a bag with grain. Then he went silently t his brther's huse and secretly added the grain t his brther's pile（堆）. Every night, he did the same thing. He tk sme f his wn grain and added it t his brther's stre. But after a while, he nticed smething strange. His pile f grain never lked smaller in the mrning.
One night, he decided t find ut why. After it had gt dark, he hid near his barn and watched. At last, a man came near with his wn bag f grain. At first he didn't knw wh he was. Then, he was amazed t see his wn brther. Every night the yunger brther had dne the same thing—taking grain frm his wn pile t give t his brther. It was true brtherly lve!
1.Hw was the tw brthers' life?It was _______________.
pr but happy
2.What happened t the tw brthers ne year?Their crn ________________ because f __________.
didn't grw well
3.What did the elder brther d that night?He sent ___________________________secretly.
a bag f grain t his brther
4.What kind f family did bth f the brthers have?They bth had ____________.
a big family
5.What d yu knw abut the tw brthers accrding t the passage?They ________________ each ther.
lved and helped