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人教版中考英语语法专项复习 专题三 形容词和副词课件
展开1.作表语,位于系动词后。The dish yu made lks s nice. 你做的菜看起来很棒。
2.作定语,通常位于名词之前,复合不定代词之后。Our clrful middle schl life is cming t an end. 我们多姿多彩的初中生活即将结束。
3.作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后,常与make, find, think, keep等动词连用。Please keep the schl clean and tidy. 请保持校园干净整洁。
4."the+形容词"表示一类人。the blind盲人the sick病人the ld老人the yung年轻人the wunded受伤者the living 活着的人
有些形容词通常用作表语,如:afraid, awake, asleep, alive, alne, ill, well等。
形容词词义辨析是安徽中考的必考点。解答此类题目时,首先要确定各选项的含义,然后分析语境和逻辑关系,从而确定正确答案。请根据所给语境,结合加黑关键词试练下面的题目:
1.—Hw d yu like the mvie?—It's ___. It's ne f my favrites.
A.bringB.fantasticC.terribleD.cmmn
2.—Have yu heard abut the bk Learn English, Tell China's Stries?—Of curse! It's a ___ bk as it helps English learners spread Chinese culture.
A.traditinalB.meaningfulC.difficultD.private
3.—Hw excellent the basketball players are!—Yes, their cach is always ___. They practice really hard every day.
A.strictB.freeC.hnestD.brave
4.After wrking fr a lng time I feel ___ t listen t sft music. I enjy this mment.
A.surprisedB.sadC.relaxedD.nervus
5.Jack was very ___ t see his idl(偶像) and he culdn't say a single wrd.
A.excitedB.bredC.braveD.afraid
形容词在中考中多会以短语的形式出现,因此,在备考时不应忽视对高频形容词短语的复习和巩固。
●be+形容词+abutbe careful abut 当心……be crazy abut 热衷于……be sure/certain abut 对……有把握be wrried abut 对……担忧
●be+形容词+atbe surprised at 对……感到惊讶be gd at 擅长……be mad at 对……感到生气
●be+形容词+frbe famus fr 因……著名be ready fr 为……做好准备be thirsty fr渴望……be thankful fr感激……
●be+形容词+fbe afraid f 害怕……be full f充满……be tired f 对……感到厌倦be prud f 为……而骄傲[2019.55]be shrt f 缺乏……
●be+形容词+withbe angry with 对……生气be busy with忙于……be strict with 对……要求严格be patient with 对……有耐心be ppular with 受……欢迎be pleased with 对……感到满意be filled with被……填满
●be+形容词+tbe similar t与……相似be useful t对……有用
一些词既可作形容词,也可作副词。
1.词义相似的同形形容词和副词
①We had an early(adj.早的) breakfast.②We had breakfast early(adv.早地).
①We went by a fast(adj.快速的) train.②Dn't speak s fast(adv.快地).
2.词义不同的同形形容词和副词
①I want a straight(adj.坦诚的) answer. ②He went straight(adv.直接地) t Lndn.
①I dn't feel well(adj.身体健康的) tday.②Our plans g well(adv.顺利地) .
①It is as hard(adj.坚硬的) as a stne.②The questin is t hard(adj.难的).③She studies hard(adv.努力地).④He held his mm's hand hard(adv.用力地).
以-ly结尾的单词不一定都是副词,有些形容词也是以-ly结尾的。如:friendly(友好的), lvely(可爱的), lively(充满活力的), daily(每日的), mnthly(每月的),lnely(孤独的)等。
副词词义辨析是安徽中考的必考点,主要考查学生对副词词义的理解及对语境的把握。解答此类题目时,要在理解各选项含义的基础上,将副词的常见用法和语境相结合,从而确定正确的答案。请结合加黑关键词试练下面的题目:
6.The basketball match was really exciting, ___ when the N.5 player scred at the last secnd.
A.prbablyB.especiallyC.exactlyD.mstly
7.The task wn't be cmpleted unless we wrk ___ tgether.
A.widelyB.simplyC.clselyD.strangely
8.When the traffic lights turn red, we must wait ___.
A.hardlyB.patientlyC.quicklyD.happily
9.—Hw can yu finish the difficult task in such a shrt time?—I divided it int several parts and then I culd ___ knw what I shuld d.
A.luckilyB.secretlyC.clearlyD.freely
10.—Cmputers help us study at hme, but they must be used ___.—Sure, r they will d harm t ur studies and life.
A.prperlyB.rapidlyC.simplyD.secretly
考点3 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
形容词和副词的原级比较
1."A+谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B"表示"A和B一样……"。如:Yur jacket is as new as mine. 你的夹克和我的一样新。
2."A+谓语动词+nt+as/s+形容词/副词原级+as+B"表示"A不像B那样……"。如:The Yellw River isn't s lng as the Yangtze River.黄河没有长江长。
形容词和副词比较级的用法
1."A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B"表示"A比B更……"。如:He wrks harder than us. 他比我们工作更努力。
2."A+谓语动词+less+多音节形容词/副词原级+than+B"表示"A不如B……" 。如:This red dress is less expensive than the blue ne. 这条红色的连衣裙没有那条蓝色的贵。
3."Which/Wh+谓语动词+比较级,A r B?"表示"A和B哪一个更……?"。如:Wh runs faster, Tm r Jerry? 汤姆和杰里,谁跑得更快?
4."The+比较级(+其他),the+比较级(+其他)"表示"越……,越……"。如:The mre careful yu are, the fewer mistakes yu will make. 你越仔细,你犯的错误就越少。
5."比较级+and+比较级"表示"越来越……"。如:Things are getting better and better. 情况正变得越来越好。
(1)形容词/副词比较级表示最高级含义
①Tm is taller than any ther student in his class.汤姆比班里其他任何一个学生都高。②Tm is taller than the ther students in his class.汤姆比班里其他学生都高。③Tm is taller than any f the ther students in his class. 汤姆比班里其他任何一个学生都高。(2)"否定词+比较级"也可表示最高级的含义N ne is taller than Tm in his class. 在班里没有人比汤姆高。
一些可用于修饰形容词和副词比较级的表示程度的副词(短语)有:much, a little, even, a lt, a bit, far等。如:It is much clder tday than yesterday. 今天比昨天冷得多。
形容词和副词最高级的用法
最高级用于三者或三者以上人或事物的比较。在最高级的句型中常用amng,in 或f构成的介词短语来指出比较范围。形容词最高级前通常加定冠词the,副词最高级前一般不加定冠词。
1."A+谓语动词 (+the)+最高级(+名词)+in/f短语"表示"A是……中最……的"。如:Tm studies hardest in ur class. 汤姆在我们班学习最努力。
2."ne f+the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/f短语"表示"最……的……之一"。如:Mr. Smith is ne f the mst ppular teachers in ur schl. 史密斯老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
3."the +序数词+形容词最高级+名词+in/f短语"表示"第几最……的……"。如:The Yellw River is the secnd lngest river in China. 黄河是中国的第二长河。
4."Wh/Which+谓语动词 (+the)+最高级, A, B r C?"表示"在三者中最……的一个"。如:Wh wrks hardest, Lily, Tny r Mary? 莉莉、托尼和玛丽,谁工作最努力?
当形容词最高级前有形容词性物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格修饰时,其前不用定冠词the。如:I gave her my brightest smile.我给了她我最灿烂的微笑。
1.The weather in Yunnan is s ___ all year rund that many peple like t spend their hliday there.
A.pleasantB.awfulC.valuableD.wet
2.—Which f the tw dresses d yu like better,Lucy?—They are quite ___, s I can't decide which ne t chse.
A.newB.similarC.cheapD.dear
3.—D yu knw three students f ur schl have invented a useful rbt?—Ww! I am ___ them.
A.careful fB.prud fC.sure fD.tired f
4.[2023蚌埠一模] Our English teacher always treats us ___ even if we smetimes make truble in class.
A.kindlyB.carefullyC.lightlyD.badly
5.Thugh there is a lng line ahead, he waits ___ fr his turn.
A.simplyB.cmpletelyC.strictlyD.patiently
6.We didn't g fr a picnic. ___, we wrked as vlunteers in an ld peple's hme.
A.CertainlyB.InsteadC.AnywayD.Still
1.The e______(更早地) yu get up in the mrning, the mre time yu'll have t exercise.
2.Clthes made f silk feel s______(更柔软的) than thse made f cttn.
3.Reading makes a w____(聪明的) man.
4.The huse was p______(相当) big.
5.The term is w______(广泛地) used in everyday speech.
阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。
When I was 20 years ld, I had a 1.____ dream. I wanted t travel arund Africa with my backpack(背包). S I left my hmetwn and arrived in Cape Twn, nt 2._______ sure what t d next. 3.________, befre my trip started, I met a kind, ld Nigerian man. He gave me the 4._____ travel advice I had ever received: "Be like a student n yur way arund the wrld."
The advice sunded 5._______, but it changed my idea abut traveling. I learned that travel is abut learning cultures. It's far t easy t g int a 6._____ cuntry and believe yur ways are better.
"But if yu study, ask questins, and try t learn frm the lcals, yu will have far 7._______ experience than befre," he prmised.
After seven mnths f traveling in Africa, I 8._______ realized having a student-like mind was really imprtant. It helped me learn a lt.
1.[2023荆州中考] —The fd in the restaurant is great, isn't it?—Yes, it's fine. I just dn't like the envirnment. The music is t ___.
A.talentedB.usefulC.nisyD.beautiful
2.I wn't say I understand every wrd the freigner said, but at least I get the ___ idea.
A.generalB.secretC.cleverD.wrng
3.[2023福建中考改编] —Hw d yu like my pem Mnlight?—I am___ it. It's abut the beauty f nature.
A.afraid fB.interested inC.wrried abutD.thankful fr
4.[2023辽阳中考] My mther was very happy because she bught a beautiful scarf ___ nline.
A.cheaplyB.badlyC.activelyD.safely
5.Peple ften miss their family far away, ___ n traditinal festivals.
A.hardlyB.nearlyC.luckilyD.especially
1.We live n a very b_____(熙熙攘攘的) rad.
2.When watching the raising f the natinal flag, we shuld stand s________(笔直地).
3.I've already learned t ck sme s_______(简单的) meals n my wn.
4.The pain made the baby cry a______(大声地).
5.T_____(真正的) beauty never grws ld with age.
语篇填空 请根据首字母、汉语提示及短文内容写出所缺单词。
Peple in the UK are always talking abut the weather. In the UK, instead f saying "Hell", peple smetimes say "It's a 1.l______(极好的) day" when the weather is sunny, r "2.T_______(糟糕的) weather, isn't it?" when it is bad. There are many wrds t describe the weather t. Why is this?
Perhaps ne f the reasns is that the weather in the UK is 3.a_______(总是) changing. The UK is made up f a grup f islands.
The sea separates it frm the rest f Eurpe. The winds cming frm the sea make the weather change all the time. On the 4.s_____(同样的) day, it can be ht and cld, dry and wet, windy and 5.s____(无风的). S peple have t think abut the weather all the time.
The changing weather is 6.i__________(重要的) fr farmers. It is smetimes 7.d_______(困难的) t plan when t plant and when t pick fruit and vegetables. T much rain in July and August is 8.h________(有害的) and csts farmers in the UK a lt f mney. But it is nt nly farmers wh pay attentin t the weather. Mst British peple have gardens,
and they need t watch the weather 9.c________(仔细地) t decide what wrk t d in them.
S, there is a 10.g _____(合理的) reasn fr British peple t talk abut the weather. It is a very imprtant part f their lives.
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