2024年黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区虹桥中学中考二模英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份2024年黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区虹桥中学中考二模英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含2024年黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区虹桥中学中考二模英语试题原卷版docx、2024年黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区虹桥中学中考二模英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共34页， 欢迎下载使用。
1. The educatin f ________ yung is always ________ ht and serius tpic.
A. /, aB. the, aC. the, /
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：青少年教育一直是一个热门而严肃的话题。
考查冠词。根据“yung”可知，第一个空是“定冠词+形容词”，表示“一类人”；第二个空泛指“一个话题”，ht以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选B。
2. Tm tried sme ways t avid catching the flu, but ________ wrked.
A. allB. neitherC. nne
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：汤姆尝试了一些方法来避免感染流感，但都不起作用。
考查代词。all全部；neither两者都不；nne三者或三者以上都不。根据转折连词but，可知是都不起作用，根据“sme ways”可知，需要用nne来表否定。故选C。
3. Hw kind yu are! Yu always d what yu can ________ thers.
A. helpB. t helpC. helps
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：你太善良了！你总是做你能做的去帮助别人。
考查不定式。help动词原形；t help不定式结构；helps动词的第三人称单数形式。“what yu can”作d的宾语，是宾语从句，尽力去做能做的事情是为了帮助他人，后面用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。
4. —Let’s g t Hngqia Middle Schl by taxi.
—It’s nt far. We ________ take a taxi.
A. mustn’tB. needn’tC. can’t
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我们乘出租车去虹桥中学吧。——它不远。我们不必乘出租车。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；can’t不能。根据“It’s nt far”可知离这里不远，所以不必坐出租车。故选B。
5. Yu are suppsed t ________ the lights befre yu leave the classrm.
A. cut ffB. take ffC. turn ff
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：你应该在离开教室前关灯。
考查动词短语。cut ff切断；take ff起飞；turn ff关闭。根据“the lights befre yu leave the classrm.”可知是离开教室前要关灯。故选C。
6. —________ des it take t get t the museum?
—Abut half an hur.
A. Hw lngB. Hw snC. Hw ften
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——到博物馆需要多长时间？——大约半个小时。
考查特殊疑问句。Hw lng多长时间；Hw sn多久以后；Hw ften多久一次。根据“Abut half an hur.”可知，设空处是提问多长时间。故选A。
7. In summer, fd will g bad quickly ________ we put it int a fridge.
A. ifB. unlessC. after
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：夏天，食物很快就会变质，除非我们把它放进冰箱里。
考查连词辨析。if如果；unless除非；after在……之后。分析句子可知，后句是前句的否定条件，用unless引导条件状语从句，故选B。
8. —Why d yu want t take yur mther t anther hspital?
—Because the dctrs here can’t say ________ what’s wrng with her.
A. wiselyB. simplyC. exactly
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你为什么要带你妈妈去另一家医院？——因为这里的医生说不出她到底得了什么病。
考查副词辨析。wisely明智地；simply简单地；exactly确切地。根据“can’t say…what’s wrng with her.”可知，此处是指医生不能确切地说出她得了什么病。故选C。
9. —Cmputers have had a great effrt n learning methds since they ________ int schls.
—I can’t agree with yu mre.
A. intrduceB. are intrducedC. were intrduced
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——自从计算机被引入学校以来，它们在学习方法上做出了巨大的努力。——我完全同意你的看法。
考查动词的时态和语态。“they”指的是计算机，和动词“intrduce”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，所以这里用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故选C。
10. —Culd yu tell me ________?
—I didn’t arrive there until 4: 00 p. m.
A. hw yu gt t ShanghaiB. when did yu g t ShanghaiC. when yu arrived in Shanghai
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你什么时候到上海的吗？——我直到下午4点才到达那里。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除B；根据“I didn’t arrive there until 4: 00 p. m.”可知此处询问时间，用when引导宾语从句。故选C。
二、完形填空（本题共10分，每小题1分）
In the West, the ppularity f Chinese restaurants has risen greatly. Sme Westerners can even use chpsticks well. But maybe they’re quite unfamiliar with Chinese custms. S it’s necessary t understand sme Chinese ____11____ manners.
In China, when a freign guest is invited t have dinner at a restaurant, he will nt be ____12____ t knw all the traditinal table manners. But the guest ____13____ knws sme f them will get “face” and give “face” t his hst.
____14____, freign guests will be frgiven (原谅) fr nt knwing dining etiquette (礼节). If they aren’t used ____15____ chpsticks, they will naturally be ffered a knife and frk. Chinese fd, hwever, seems t taste better when it is eaten with chpsticks.
Althugh western custms have influenced Chinese dining habits, mst f the ____16____ traditins still live n. The guest f hnr will usually be seated facing the ____17____ . If the hst can’t decide hw t give a prper seat t his guests, he will seat them accrding t age. The hst sits ____18____ the dr, as in the West, s that he is the nearest t the kitchen. ____19____ they have dinner in the hst’s hme, what will the hst d? He’ll g ut f his way t bring each dish t the table. Each guest will feel ____20____. The hst will make them feel at hme.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
11.
A. tableB. greetingC. service
12.
A. allwedB. hpedC. expected
13.
A. whseB. whichC. wh
14.
A. NrmallyB. HardlyC. Mainly
15.
A. tB. frC. with
16.
A. hardB. badC. ld
17.
A. drB. hallC. windw
18.
A. behindB. befreC. beside
19.
A. AlthughB. IfC. But
20.
A. amazedB. bringC. relaxed
【答案】11 A 12. C 13. C 14. A 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的一些餐桌礼仪。
【11题详解】
句意：因此，有必要了解一些中国人的餐桌礼仪。
table桌子；greeting招呼；service服务。根据“In China, when a freign guest is invited t have dinner at a restaurant,”可知是了解一些餐桌礼仪。故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：在中国，当一位外国客人被邀请到餐馆吃饭时，人们不会期望他了解所有传统的餐桌礼仪。
allwed允许；hped希望；expected期待。根据“t knw all the traditinal table manners”可知是不会期望外国人了解所有传统的餐桌礼仪，be expected t d sth.“期望做某事”。故选C。
【13题详解】
句意：但知道一些餐桌礼仪的客人会得到“面子”，并给主人“面子”。
whse引导定语从句，先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语；which引导定语从句，先行词是物，在从句中作主语或宾语；wh引导定语从句，先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语。句子是定语从句，先行词是the guest，关系词在从句中作主语，用wh引导。故选C。
【14题详解】
句意：通常情况下，外国客人不懂用餐礼仪是情有可原的。
nrmally正常地；hardly几乎不；mainly主要地。根据“freign guests will be frgiven (原谅) fr nt knwing dining etiquette”可知通常情况下，外国客人不懂用餐礼仪是情有可原的。故选A。
【15题详解】
句意：如果他们不习惯用筷子，他们自然会得到刀叉。
t到；fr为了；with和。此处指“不习惯筷子”，用结构be used t。故选A。
【16题详解】
句意：尽管西方习俗影响了中国人的饮食习惯，但大多数古老的传统仍然存在。
hard难的；bad坏的；ld老的。根据“traditins still live n”可知是一些老传统仍然存在。故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：主宾通常会对门而坐。
dr门；hall大厅；windw窗户。根据“The guest f hnr will usually be seated facing the”以及“the dr”以及常识可知主宾是对门而坐。故选A。
【18题详解】
句意：主人坐在门旁边，就像在西方一样，所以他离厨房最近。
behind在后面；befre在……之前；beside在旁边。根据“s that he is the nearest t the kitchen”可知是坐在门旁边，离厨房最近。故选C。
【19题详解】
句意：如果他们在主人家吃饭，主人会怎么做？
althugh虽然；if如果；but但是。前句是后句的条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：每位客人都会感到放松。
amazed吃惊的；bring无聊的；relaxed放松的。根据“The hst will make them feel at hme.”可知是要让客人放松。故选C。
三、阅读理解 （本题共20分，每小题1分）
（A）
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
21. Where is the huge snwman?
A. On the banks f the Snghua River.
B. In the 2024 Spring Festival Gala.
C. Frm the City f Ice’s scial media.
22. What is the name f the Chinese dragn?
A. Chunwan.B. Lng Chenchen.C. Mna Lisa.
23. What’s the snwman like?
A. It wears a red hat and hlds a trch.B. It desn’t lk lvely.C. It’s made f ice.
24. Accrding t Paragraph 3, what is the artist’s natinality (国籍)?
A. Brazilian.B. Chinese.C. Italian.
25. What can we knw frm the passage?
A. Painting n the ptates instead f paper is mre creative.
B. The dragn has many traditinal Chinese cultural elements.
C. This snwman is the mst ppular and tallest in the wrld.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. B
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了哈尔滨的巨型雪人、中国龙以及由土豆拼成的“蒙娜丽莎”。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A huge snwman is waiting fr yu there. It sits n the banks f the Snghua River and stands 20 meters tall.”可知，这个巨大的雪人位于松花江边。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I am a Chinese dragn. My name is Lng Chenchen.”可知，中国龙的名字是龙辰辰。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The giant wears a red hat and hlds a trch (火炬).”可知，这个雪人戴红色帽子，手持火炬。故选A。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“An artist frm Brazil painted anther image (画像) f the famus Mna Lisa”可知，艺术家来自巴西。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题根据“My creatrs used many traditinal Chinese cultural elements in my design.”可知，龙有许多中国传统文化元素。故选B。
（B）
Once upn a time, there lived a kind-hearted king. He liked birds and animals, and had a huge bird sanctuary(禁猎区) in his cuntry. He disliked harming the animals and birds. He did nt kill them even fr meat. One day, the king was gifted tw beautiful birds by a businessman. The king rdered the trainer t make them feel cmfrtable in their cuntry.
One day, the king saw ne bird fly very high, very quickly. Hwever, the ther bird just sat n the branch(树枝) and didn’t mve even a step. The trainer said that he had tried everything he culd but still failed t make the bird mve. Sn, the king annunced that he needed smene t make the ther bird mve and fly.
A few weeks later, an ld man reached the king’s palace and said that he wuld make the bird fly like the ther ne. The king asked the trainer t take the ld man t train the bird.
The next day, the king went t visit the ld man. He was very surprised t see the ther bird fly like the first ne t great heights in fast speed. The king was very happy and gifted the ld man a handful f gld cins and asked the ld man what he had dne t make the bird fly in a day. The ld man simply replied, “I just cut dwn the branch f the tree where the bird used t sit n.”
Many f us are like this. We have wings t fly, we knw hw t fly, and where t fly. Still we sit ding nthing r ding smething that makes us wrse than thers.
根据短文内容，判断正(T)、误(F)。
26. The king asked the trainer t take gd care f the birds.
27. The tw birds flew very high and quickly with the trainer’s help.
28. The king fund the ther bird culd fly like the first ne the next day.
29. The ld man cut dwn the whle tree where the bird used t sit n.
30. We learn frm the stry that we shuldn’t sit still when we have wings t fly.
【答案】26. T 27. F
28. T 29. F
30. T
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述老人通过砍掉一只鸟所栖息的树枝，从而让这只看似不会飞的鸟飞得又高又快的故事。这告诉我们很多人就跟这只鸟一样，需要逼迫飞翔。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The king rdered the trainer t make them feel cmfrtable in their cuntry.”可知，国王命令驯兽师让它们在自己的国家里感到舒适，即照顾它们。故答案为T。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Hwever, the ther bird just sat n the branch(树枝) and didn’t mve even a step.”可知，另一只鸟在驯兽师的训练下并没有学会飞翔。故答案为F。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The next was very surprised t see the ther bird fly like the first ne t great heights in fast speed.”可知，第二天，国王发现另一只鸟也能像第一只鸟那样飞了。故答案为T。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I just cut dwn the branch f the tree”可知，老人只是砍掉了树枝，不是整棵树。故答案为F。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据“We have wings t fly; we knw hw t fly, and where t fly. Still we sit ding nthing r ding smething that makes us wrse than thers.”和全文内容可知，我们有飞翔的能力，但是我们还是干坐着不付出行动，这是不对的，也就是说当我们有翅膀飞翔时，我们不应该坐着不动。故答案为T。
（C）
Walking arund the city, yu will see girls wearing hanfu n the undergrund r peple wearing T-shirts with Chinese characters in the streets. A new trend (潮流) is getting ppular in China. It’s gucha.
Gucha gt peple’s attentin in 2018. Befre that, the market was cntrlled by freign cmpanies. There were few Chinese brands (品牌). T win the market share, many Chinese brands fllwed the ftsteps f these Western brands. In 2018, Chinese sprtswear brand Li-Ning made changes t the situatin. It intrduced its Wu Da cllectin t the wrld. The cllectin nt nly lked fashinable, but als included elements (元素) f traditinal Chinese culture. It quickly caught peple’s attentin at hme and abrad.
Later, many Chinese brands, frm fd, drinks and clthing t mbile phnes and cars, started t add Chinese culture int their prducts. Even the film and music industries made every effrt t create Chinese styles. “We want ur prducts t be the nes that yung peple wuld like t share.” they said.
These brands gt what they wanted. Yung peple gradually cnverted their attentin frm Western culture t gucha. They accepted it with pleasure. What’s mre, they started t develp interest in traditinal Chinese art and literature. Nw they wear traditinal clthes, practice Chinese calligraphy (书法) and play Chinese musical instruments. Sme f them are wrking tgether t spread Chinese culture t peple arund the wrld.
At the same time, peple f different ages start t chse prducts “made in China”. Accrding t a survey, 68% Chinese peple prefer Chinese brands. Amng them, 62% say they are pen t internatinal brands, but lcal brands remain the first chice.
N matter hw gucha develps, there is ne thing that wn’t change—peple’s cnfidence in ur cuntry’s develpment and culture is grwing.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案
31. In the first paragraph, the writer intrduces gucha by ________.
A. telling a stryB. listing a factC. asking a questin
32. Which field didn’t add Chinese culture int their prducts accrding t the passage?
A. Fd.B. Mbile phnes.C. Buildings.
33. What des the underlined wrd “cnverted” in the passage mean?
A. Develped.B. Started.C. Changed.
34. Which f the fllwing is NOT right accrding t the passage?
A. Befre 2018, the market was cntrlled by freign cmpanies.
B. Li-Ning that is a Chinese sprtswear brand intrduced its Wu Da cllectin t the wrld.
C. Accrding t the survey, fewer than half Chinese peple prefer Chinese brands.
35. Which is the best title fr the passage?
A. Chinese Sprtswear Brand Li-Ning
B. Gucha, A New Fashin Trend
C. The Develpment f Chinese Brands
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. C 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了中国国潮的兴起。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Walking arund the city, yu will see girls wearing hanfu n the undergrund r peple wearing T-shirt with Chinese characters in the streets.”可知，在第一段中，作者通过列举事实介绍国潮。故选B。
【32题详解】
细节理解题，根据第三段“Later, many Chinese brands, frm fd, drinks and clthing t mbile phne s and cars, started t add Chinese culture int their prducts.”可知，食品和手机都添加了中国文化，只有建筑没有提到。故选C。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“These brands gt what they wanted.”可知，此处意为年轻人逐渐将注意力从西方文化转移到国潮。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Accrding t a survey, 68% Chinese peple prefer Chinese brands. Amng them, 62% say they are pen t internatinal brands, but lcal brands remain the first chice.”根据一项调查，68%的中国人更喜欢中国品牌。其中，62%的受访者表示对国际品牌持开放态度，但本土品牌仍是首选。可知，超过一半的国人喜欢中国品牌。C选项表述不正确。故选C。
【35题详解】
最佳标题题。通读全文可知文章介绍了中国国潮的兴起，所以选项B“国潮，一种新的时尚潮流”适合。故选B。
（D）
What is the mst stressful thing in schl? It is prbably exams. Exams can put us under a lt f pressure. But sme students d well under pressure, while thers feel terrible. ___36___
It all cmes dwn t dpamine (多巴胺). ___37___ It has many imprtant rles, influencing memry, attentin and hw we learn. Our brains wrk best when there is an even balance f dpamine—nt t much r t little.
The brain cntrls dpamine in tw ways. It either takes ut dpamine quickly, r gradually. Exam success can be related t hw fast dpamine ges back t an even balance. ___38___ If yu becme stressed, yur brain will start t verlad (超负荷) n dpamine. ___39___ The quicker yu are able t g back t an even balance f dpamine, the quicker yu can fix yurself perfrm better n a test.
Scientists fund that, during a test, peple wh slwly gt back t an even balance f dpamine scred 8 percent lwer. ___40___ But dn’t fear, there is sme gd news. The study als fund that the mre practice yu get, the less stressed yu’ll be. S, it turns ut that practice really des make perfect.
根据短文内容，将下面选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整，通顺。（每个选项只能用一次，选项中有一项是多余项）
A. What happens when we sit fr an exam?
B. It is like a cup running ver with water.
C. S, why d sme students perfrm better under stress?
D. That’s the difference between a gd mark and a bad mark.
E. Dpamine is a chemical in ur brain that sends infrmatin t ur bdy.
F. Is there anything that can help change the speed f dpamine getting int ur bdy?
【答案】36. C 37. E 38. A 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了有些学生在压力下表现更好的原因。
【36题详解】
根据上文“But sme students d well under pressure, while thers feel terrible.”及下文“It all cmes dwn t dpamine(多巴胺).”可知，此处是有些学生压力下表现更好的原因，选项C“那么，为什么有些学生在压力下表现更好？”符合语境，故选C。
【37题详解】
根据下文“It has many imprtant rles; influencing memry, attentin and hw we learn.”可知，此处是说它的作用。选项E“多巴胺是我们大脑中的一种化学物质，它向我们的身体发送信息。”符合语境，故选E。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Exam success can be related t hw fast dpamine ges back t an even balance.”及“If yu becme stressed, yur brain will start t verlad (超负荷) n dpamine.”可知，下文应该是参加考试时的情况，选项A“当我们参加考试时会发生什么？”符合语境，故选A。
【39题详解】
根据上文“If yu becme stressed, yur brain will start t verlad (超负荷) n dpamine.”可知，把前面的现象比作溢出水的杯子，选项B“它就像一个溢出水的杯子。”符合语境，故选B。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Scientists fund that, during a test, peple wh slwly gt back t an even balance f dpamine scred 8 percent lwer.”可知，此处介绍的是好成绩和坏成绩的区别，选项D“这就是好分数和坏分数的区别。”符合语境，故选D。
第Ⅱ卷
四.交际应用 （本题共5分，每题1分）
根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。
A: It’s very nice f yu t invite me.
B: I’m very glad yu culd cme. ____41____
A: Thank yu. ____42____
B: Guangdng fd is a bit light and Anhui fd is f rich taste.
A: ____43____ They are very gd in clr and taste.
B: Wuld yu like sme mre chicken?
A: N, thanks. I’m quite full.
B: ____44____
A: Yes, it’s the mst delicius dinner I’ve had.
B: ____45____
A: Thank yu very much fr yur treat.
A. I’m s glad yu like it.
B. D yu enjy the meal?
C. I’ll see yu tmrrw then.
D. Have yu tried Anhui fd befre?
E. Chinese dishes are carefully prepared.
F. Please take a seat at the head f the table.
G. Culd yu tell me abut the dishes in different parts f China?
【答案】41. F 42. G 43. E 44. B 45. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是两个人讨论菜式的一则对话。
【41题详解】
根据“I’m very glad yu culd cme”可知，对于对方能来表示欢迎，并且引领对方就座，F选项“请在桌子上首坐”符合，故选F。
【42题详解】
根据“Guangdng fd is a bit light and Anhui fd is f rich taste”可知，询问菜式的区别，G选项“你能给我讲讲中国各地的菜吗”符合，故选G。
【43题详解】
根据“They are very gd in clr and taste”可知，此处是对菜式的评价，E选项“中国菜是精心准备的”符合，故选E。
【44题详解】
根据“Yes”可知，此处是一个一般疑问句，B选项“您喜欢这顿饭吗”符合，故选B。
【45题详解】
根据“Yes, it’s the mst delicius dinner I’ve had”可知，对方能喜欢很开心，A选项“我很高兴你喜欢它”符合，故选A。
五.任务型阅读 （本大题共25小题，每小题1分，共25分）
先阅读任务 （A）（B）（C）三篇短文，根据题目要求及所给语境完成下列3项任务。
（A）
用方框中所给词或短语填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。（每空只填一个词或一个短语，每个单词或短语使用一次）
Teachers are ften cnsidered as engineers f the humans. But there’s ne persn in China wh is called the “teacher f teachers”. Brn in Anhui prvince, China, in 1891, Ta studied educatinal philsphy (哲学) at Clumbia University, US, in 1914. When Ta ___46___ t China in 1917 and began his wn career as an educatr, he tried his best t imprve China’s educatin system.
In 1921, he did surveys n the ___47___ f educatin in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai. Ta was ___48___ t learn that the number f illiteracy (文盲) in China went beynd 70 percent. T slve the prblem, Ta ___49___ yung wrkers and farmers t study while wrking. After six years, he ___50___ Xiazhuang Nrmal Cllege and trained teachers and educatrs, mst f whm became teachers at schls in the cuntryside. In January 1934, he started the “Little Teacher” ___51___ t encurage yung students t serve as teachers t thers.
Under Ta’s guidance, there were ___52___ 18,000 “little teachers” in Shanghai within 10 mnths. Later, there were 28 prvinces and ___53___ taking part in his natinwide educatin event. Even in the fight against the Japanese invaders (侵略者), Ta never frgt his gal. He started Yucai Middle Schl in Chngqing and ___54___ free educatin t children in need.
Maybe Ta’s saying is the best explanatin fr ____55____ life, “Giving a whle heart, yet taking nthing in return, nt even a leaf f grass.”
【答案】46. returned
47. ppularity
48. surprised
49. rganized
50. set up 51. prject
52. nearly 53. cities
54. ffered
55. his
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了近代著名教育学家陶行知先生。
【46题详解】
句意：1917年，陶回到中国，开始了自己的教育生涯，他尽力改善中国的教育体系。根据“t China”可知是回到中国，return“回到”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填returned。
【47题详解】
句意：1921年，他调查了北京、天津和上海的教育普及情况。根据“f educatin in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai”可知是调查了教育普及情况，此处用名词ppularity“普及”。故填ppularity。
【48题详解】
句意：陶惊讶地发现，中国的文盲率超过了70%。根据“the number f illiteracy (文盲) in China went beynd 70 percent”可知发现中国的文盲率超过70%，他应该很惊讶，作表语用形容词，形容人用surprised“吃惊的”。故填surprised。
【49题详解】
句意：为了解决这个问题，陶组织青年工人和农民边工作边学习。根据“yung wrkers and farmers t study”可知组织人们边工作边学习，rganize“组织”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填rganized。
【50题详解】
句意：六年后，他创办了晓庄师范学院，并培养了教师和教育工作者，其中大多数人成为了农村学校的教师。根据“Xiazhuang Nrmal Cllege”可知是创建了学校，set up“创建”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填set up。
【51题详解】
句意：1934年1月，他开始了“小教师”项目，鼓励年轻学生为他人当老师。根据“he started the ‘Little Teacher’”可知是“小教师”项目，prject“项目”，此处用名词单数。故填prject。
【52题详解】
句意：在陶的带领下，10个月内，上海有近18000名“小教师”。根据“18,000 ‘little teachers’”可知是几乎18000名“小教师”，nearly“几乎”。故填nearly。
【53题详解】
句意：后来，有28个省市参加了他的全国教育活动。根据“28 prvinces and”可知是28个省市，此处用名词复数cities“城市”。故填cities。
【54题详解】
句意：他在重庆创办了育才中学，并为有需要的孩子提供免费教育。根据“free educatin t children in need.”可知是提供免费教育，ffer“提供”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填ffered。
【55题详解】
句意：也许陶的这句话是对他一生最好的解释。根据“Maybe Ta’s saying is the best explanatin ”可知是他的一生，修饰名词用形容词性物主代词his。故填his。
（B）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Chinese martial arts (武术) can date back t ld times when Chinese ancestrs used stnes and wden clubs in hunting fr self-defense (自我防卫). Martial arts have been created and develped by Chinese peple. They are cnsidered as a valuable natinal culture. Peple practice martial arts t imprve their health. Besides, t train their defense skills and t have fun are als their purpses. D yu feel like learning mre abut them?
★Shalin bxing
Shalin bxing is named after the Shalin Temple n Munt Sngshan where the mnks (僧人) practiced it in the early years f the Tang Dynasty. During that time, when Li Shimin was attacked by his enemy near Luyang, 13 mnks frm the Shalin Temple saved him. After he became the emperr f the Tang Dynasty, he gave land and silver t the Shalin Temple as a reward. Frm then n, the Shalin Temple and Shalin bxing became well-knwn bxing style f lng bxing.
★Tai Chi
Tai Chi is a ppular Chinese martial art frm. It wns slw and gentle mvements that are designed fr defense, strengthening f build and preventin f diseases. In this art, it’s necessary that the mind guide the bdy with the help f gentle and relaxing mvements.
★Qigng
Qigng, als called deep breathing exercise, is practiced by the Chinese t keep fit. The purpse f Qigng is t crdinate (协调). Peple can imprve the cnditin f his r her bdy by breathing in a special way.
56. Why d peple practice martial arts?
_________________________________________________________
57. When did Li Shimin reward the Shalin Temple?
_________________________________________________________
58. D yu have t mve fast when yu practice Tai Chi?
_________________________________________________________
59. Hw can peple imprve the cnditin f his r her bdy when practicing Qigng?
_________________________________________________________
60. Will yu learn a Chinese martial art in the future? Why r Why nt?
_________________________________________________________
【答案】56. T imprve their health, t train their defense skills and t have fun./Peple practice martial arts t imprve their health, t train their defense skills and t have fun.
57. After he became the emperr f the Tang Dynasty.
58. N./N, I dn’t.
59. By breathing in a special way./Peple can imprve the cnditin f his r her bdy by breathing in a special way.
60. Yes. Because it is gd fr my health.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些中国武术。
【56题详解】
根据“Peple practice martial arts t imprve their health. Besides, t train their defense skills and t have fun are als their purpses.”可知人们练习武术以增进健康，此外，训练他们的防守技巧和娱乐也是他们的目的。故填T imprve their health, t train their defense skills and t have fun./Peple practice martial arts t imprve their health, t train their defense skills and t have fun.
【57题详解】
根据“After he became the emperr f the Tang Dynasty, he gave land and silver t the Shalin Temple as a reward”可知他成为唐朝皇帝后，将土地和白银作为奖励送给少林寺。故填After he became the emperr f the Tang Dynasty.
【58题详解】
根据“It wns slw and gentle mvements”可知太极的动作很慢。故填N./N, I dn’t.
【59题详解】
根据“Peple can imprve the cnditin f his r her bdy by breathing in a special way.”可知人们可以通过一种特殊的呼吸方式来改善自己的身体状况。故填By breathing in a special way./Peple can imprve the cnditin f his r her bdy by breathing in a special way.
【60题详解】
开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes. Because it is gd fr my health.
（C）
Humans share the Earth with many different kinds f wildlife. Hwever many f ur plants and animal friends may nt live fr much lnger. Accrding t a recent reprt, the number f several animals, including mammals (哺乳动物), birds and fish, has fallen by abut sixty percent since 1970.
Accrding t the reprt, ne f the biggest causes f wildlife death is human activity. The wrld’s ppulatin has dubled in the last 50 years. Humans have used ver a third f the wrld’s land and seventy-five percent f fresh water t grw crps and keep animals. As a result, many natural habitats (栖息地) have been destryed (摧毁) t create farmland.
“The challenge we face is t find ways t meet the needs f ur grwing ppulatin while prtecting the envirnment,” said an expert. T prtect the the envirnment, many gvernments and businesses have taken actin. Fr example, China has stpped the use f rhin hrn and tiger bnes, and the ivry trade. There are als sme things that we can d persnally t make the endangered animals’ living envirnment better. Fr example, we mustn’t buy prducts that are made frm wildlife parts.
根据短文，用符合语意及语法规则的词完成句子，每空一词。
61. The ________ f several animals, mammals ________ , has fallen since 1970 because f human activity.
62. Humans have used ________ ________ a third f the wrld’s land and seventy-five percent f fresh water.
63. Gvernments and businesses must ________ actin t ________ the envirnment.
64. We can als d smething in ________ s as t ________ the endangered animals’ living envirnment.
65. Fr example, we must ________ t buy the prducts ________ frm wildlife parts.
【答案】61. ①. number ②. included
62. ①. mre ②. than
63. ①. take ②. prtect
64. ①. persn ②. imprve
65. ①. refuse ②. made
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了野生动物濒临灭绝的现状以及政府和社会对保护野生动物所采取的方法和对策。
【61题详解】
根据“the number f several animals, including mammals (哺乳动物), birds and fish, has fallen by abut sixty percent since 1970.”可知自1970年以来，包括哺乳动物、鸟类和鱼类在内的几种动物的数量下降了约60%，第一个空填number，第二个空填过去分词included，作后置定语。故填number；included。
【62题详解】
根据“Humans have used ver a third f the wrld’s land and seventy-five percent f fresh water t grw crps and keep animals.”可知人类已经使用了世界三分之一以上的土地和75%的淡水来种植作物和饲养动物，ver=mre than“多于”。故填mre；than。
【63题详解】
根据“T prtect the the envirnment, many gvernments and businesses have taken actin”可知政府和企业必须要采取行动保护环境，第一个空放情态动词后加动词原形take，第二个空后加动词原形prtect，与t构成动词不定式，作目的状语。故填take；prtect。
【64题详解】
根据“There are als sme things that we can d persnally t make the endangered animals’ living envirnment better”可知为了改善濒危动物的生存环境，我们还可以亲自做一些事情，persnally=in persn“亲自”，第二个空填imprve“改善”，动词不定式符号t后加动词原形。故填persn；imprve。
【65题详解】
根据“we mustn’t buy prducts that are made frm wildlife parts.”可知我们不能买由野生动物制成的产品，即拒绝买由野生动物制成的产品，情态动词后加动词原形refuse“拒绝”，第二个空用过去分词made作后置定语。故填refuse；made。
六.语法填空 （共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
语法填空
Students are used t speaking putnghua bth at hme and schl. Hwever mre than 20 third-grade students frm Changsha ___66___ (start) learning the lcal dialect (方言) at schl since 2023. Dialect classes are scheduled ___67___ Friday afternn in an after schl service class. During the curses in 2023, these students ___68___ (teach) by teachers frm universities like Central Suth University and Hunan Nrmal University. Apart frm listening, speaking, reading and writing, nursery rhymes (童谣) and culture behind the dialect are quite ___69___ (mean) t the children when they grw up.
As the cuntry has been spreading putnghua, many yung ___70___ (child) d nt learn hw t speak lcal dialects. Different dialects play ___71___ imprtant part in peple’s life in different areas. Fr example, ___72___ (learn) dialects well can help children chat with friends arund. When ld peple have difficulty making ___73___ (they) understd, yung children can give a helping hand. That’s ___74___ the cuntry has started t prtect different language resurces in recent years.
Lu, a teacher frm Hunan University, tld China Daily that spreading the use f putnghua and dialects is nt ppsite. Prtectin f dialects is actually t prtect the excellent traditinal culture. This can help children ____75____ (gd) understand the lcal histry and culture than befre. Dialect prtectin is a new trend (趋势) and it will nt disappear in the future.
【答案】66. have started
67. n 68. were taught
69. meaningful
70. children
71. an 72. learning
73. themselves
74. why 75. better
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了由于大力推广普通话，导致很多人不会说方言，最近几年，国家开始保护方言。
【66题详解】
句意：然而，自2023年以来，已有20多名来自长沙的三年级学生开始在学校学习当地方言。根据“since 2023”可知，句子用现在完成时，主语是名词复数，助动词用have。故填have started。
【67题详解】
句意：方言课安排在周五下午的课后服务班。设空处后是具体某一天的下午，用介词n。故填n。
【68题详解】
句意：在2023年的课程中，这些学生由中南大学、湖南师范大学等高校的老师授课。主语“these students”和谓语“teach”之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词用were。故填were taught。
【69题详解】
句意：除了听、说、读、写之外，童谣和方言背后的文化对孩子们长大后很有意义。根据“t the children when they grw up.”可知，学方言对孩子是有意义的，作表语用形容词meaningful“有意义的”。故填meaningful。
【70题详解】
句意：由于国家一直在推广普通话，许多年幼的孩子不学习如何说当地方言。根据“many yung ”可知，后接可数名词复数children。故填children。
【71题详解】
句意：不同的方言在不同地区的人们生活中起着重要的作用。根据“play…imprtant part in”可知，考查play a part in“在……方面起作用”，imprtant是元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
【72题详解】
句意：例如，学好方言可以帮助孩子和周围的朋友聊天。根据“dialects well can help children chat with friends arund.”可知，此处作主语，用动名词。故填learning。
【73题详解】
句意：当老人难以表达自己的意思时，小孩子可以伸出援助之手。根据“ld peple have difficulty making…understand”可知，是老年人难以让自己被理解，故此处用反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。
【74题详解】
句意：这就是为什么近年来国家开始保护不同的语言资源。根据“the cuntry has started t prtect different language resurces in recent years.”可知，设空处解释原因，用why“为什么”。故填why。
【75题详解】
句意：这可以帮助孩子们更好地了解当地的历史和文化。根据“than”可知，此处用比较级。故填better。
七、书面表达 （本题共20分）
76. 假如你是李华，你新结交的笔友英国中学生Peter下学期要来你校作为交换生。在此之前，他想了解你们的校园生活。请你写一封电子邮件，介绍你和同学们的近况，并和他交流一下，作为优秀的中学生，应该拥有的2个关键能力。
写作要点：
1. 对他的到来表示欢迎。
2. 介绍你和同学们的近况：
（1）学习很忙碌但很充实。
（2）每天进行一小时的户外运动。
3. 说说你认为优秀的中学生应该拥有的2个关键能力 （key skill）。
写作要求：
1. 不得使用真实姓名、地名和学校名。
2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。
3. 字迹工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。
4. 至少80词。
Dear Peter,
I’m glad t hear frm yu.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】例文
Dear Peter,
I’m glad t hear frm yu. I will tell yu smething abut my schl life.
As a ninth grade student, we are busy with ur schlwrk ever day, but we als have a clrful life. T help us relaxed and healthy, we are asked t d sprts every day fr an hur.
In my pinin, cmmunicatin is very imprtant fr middle schl students. Students shuld learn t express their ideas clearly s that thers can understand them. What’s mre, I think rganizatinal ability is als imprtant. We shuld rganize things prperly.
Best wishes.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一封邮件；
②时态：时态为一般现在时；
③提示：根据提示内容介绍自己的校园生活以及优秀的中学生应该拥有的关键能力，适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，对他的到来表示欢迎；
第二步，介绍你和同学们的近况；
第三步，说说你认为优秀的中学生应该拥有的2个关键能力。
[亮点词汇]
①be busy with忙于
②in my pinin以我来看
[高分句型]
①T help us relaxed and healthy, we are asked t d sprts every day fr an hur. (动词不定式作目的状语)
②Students shuld learn t express their ideas clearly s that thers can understand them. (s that引导的目的状语从句)Welcme t the City f Ice
Harbin, the City f Ice. A huge snwman is waiting fr yu there. It sits n the banks f the Snghua River and stands 20 meters tall. The giant wears a red hat and hlds a trch (火炬). Desn’t it lk lvely?
Ready fr the Year f the Dragn?
Hell, everyne! I am a Chinese dragn. My name is Lng Chenchen. I am the masct (吉祥物) f the 2024 Spring Festival Gala (Chunwan). I will spend New Year’s Eve with yu in February. My creatrs used many traditinal Chinese cultural elements in my design. Can yu find them?
Ptat Mna Lisa
An artist frm Brazil painted anther image (画像) f the famus Mna Lisa, but nt n paper. He gt creative and used 22 ptates instead. This wrk quickly became ppular after the artist shared it n scial media.
surprised, returned, ppularity, his, rganized, nearly, set up, cities, ffered, prject