安徽省芜湖市第一中学2022-2023学年高二上学期12月月考英语试卷（Word版附解析）

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考试时间：90分钟 试卷分值：100分
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Understanding cultural bdy language in ther cuntries is very helpful in cmmunicatin, especially when we can't speak a freign language.Here are sme gestures and their meanings in different cultures.I hpe these will help yu when yu try t interact with freigners.
Head mvements
In sme parts f India, peple shake their heads t shw they are actively listening r agree with yu.In western cuntries,peple nd t cnfirm. Hwever,in Bulgaria and Greece, ndding actually means the cntrary.
Eye cntacts
Sme cuntries,such as Japan and Finland, cnsider cnstant eye cntact awkward.In Caribbean cultures,children and teenagers are taught nt t lk at adults in the eyes when they are being crrected. Strng eye cntact is cmmn amng peple f the same sex in Spain and
Arabic cuntries.
Hands
The "thumbs up" sign is used in many cultures t mean “OK”。 In France,it can mean N.1, but it has a very rude sexual meaning in Islamic cuntries,Cerdena and Greece. Interestingly,the＂OK"sign means “zer”r "nthing" in France,while sme ther Eurpean cuntries such as Greece,Italy,Brazil,and Russia cnsider it as implite.
Greetings and gdbyes
Shaking hands is a nrmal and frmal way t greet r say gdbye in western cuntries. But in Rmania, nly men usually shake hands.And they d it every time they meet, nt just the first! In England, hwever,it's unusual t shake hands with smene yu are intrduced t in an infrmal setting.
Legs
Sitting with crssed legs is cmmn in Nrth America and Eurpean cuntries, but it is cnsidered disrespectful in Asia and the Middle East where a straight and balanced psture is the nrm(规范）。Bdy language varies frm cuntry t cuntry. When yu cmmunicate with freigners, ne safe way is t understand, respect and fllw the culture.
1. Why des the authr write the first paragraph?
A. T tell us the writing purpse.
B. T shw ways f cmmunicating.
C. T stress the imprtance f language.
D. T cmpare the cultural differences.
2. What can we learn abut bdy language accrding t the text?
A. Cnstant eye cntact is advisable in Japanese.
B. Sitting with crssed legs is ppular in the Middle East.
C. Shaking hands nly happens between men in Rmania.
D. The "thumbs up" sign can be cnsidered plite in Cerdena.
3. Which can best describe the authr's advice n cmmunicatin with bdy language?
A Practice makes perfect.
B. Actins speak luder than wrds.
C. Seeing is believing.
D. When in Rme, d as the Rmans d.
B
A 15-year-ld scientist and inventr has been named as Time's first ever Kid f the Year.
Ra is a high schl student frm Clrad. She was chsen frm 5,000 nminees ( 提 名 ). Time said in a statement that Ra std ut fr her ability t apply scientific ideas t real-wrld prblems and her effrts t mtivate ther kids t take up their wn causes. Ra tld the Assciated Press that the prize is “nthing that I culd have ever imagined. And I'm s grateful and just s excited that we're really taking a lk at the upcming generatin and ur generatin, since the future is in ur hands.” She insists that starting ut small desn't matter, as lng as yu're enthusiastic abut it.
It's just the latest recgnitin fr the teenager, wh was named last year t the Frbes 30 Under 30 list. Ra wn praise in 2017 after she develped a prtable device（设备） t detect lead (铅) in water. She went n t cperate with scientists in the water industry t try t get the device n the market.
The yung scientist has als develped an app called Kindly that uses artificial intelligence t help prevent cyberbullying (网络欺凌). It allws teens t type in a wrd r phrase t find ut if the wrds they're using are hurtful and amunt t（等于）bullying, and thus shuld be avided.
In an interview with Time, Ra said that her pursuits（追求） in science started early as a way t imprve cnditins in sciety. In a wrld where science is increasingly questined r challenged, Ra insists that its pursuit is an imprtant act f kindness. It is the best way that a yunger generatin can better the wrld. Science and technlgy are being emplyed as never befre t handle varius issues, such as glbal warming, the utbreak f disease and s n, she nted.
“We have science in everything we're invlved in, and I think that's the biggest thing t put ut there, that science is cl, inventin is cl, and anybdy can be an inventr," Ra said.“ Anybdy can d science.
4. What is ne f the reasns fr Ra being hnred by Time?
A. The up-t-date ideas she had cme up with.
B. The large amunts f time she had devted.
C. The influence she has n yung generatins.
D The ptimistic attitude she hlds t the future.
5. Ra's inventins mentined in the passage can be described as _______.
A. functinalB. envirnment-friendly
C. efficientD. mney-saving
6 What cntributes t Ra's enthusiasm fr science?
A. Her tlerance fr prblems.B. Her amazing brain pwer.
C. Her expsure t challenges.D. Her cncern abut sciety.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the passage?
A. High Schl Student Struggling fr Big Dream
B. Yung Scientist Named TIME's Kid f the Year
C. Scientific Achievements Applied t Our Real Life
D Advanced Inventins Used in Bettering the Wrld
C
Plastic baby bttles shed micrplastics when heated. Shuld yu be wrried abut its side-effects? We still dn’t have enugh evidence f health risks psed by micrplastic cnsumptins by infants r adults.
“The last thing we want t d is unduly alarm parents” said Jhn Bland, a prfessr at Trinity Cllege Dublin in Ireland and ne f the authrs f the Nature Fd study. While the health effects f micrplastics are still unknwn, parents can significantly reduce their infants’ expsure by adding sme steps t their bttle preparatin rutine, Bland said. He recmmends letting plastic bttles cl cmpletely after sterilizatin(消毒) in ht water, then washing them ut at least three times with water that’s been allwed t cl t rm temperature after being sterilized by biling. Researchers here als fund that plastic tea kettles, plastic instant ndle cups and plastic fd strage cntainers all released similarly high levels f micrplastics when subjected t heat.
As fr what thse micrplastics may be ding in ur bdies, the evidence s far is quite limited and unclear, Schwabl said that pints t a need fr mre research int micrplastics released frm plastic fd strage cntainers, especially when they are subjected t higher temperatures. He nted sme research has fund micrplastics can cause inflammatin(发炎) in the rgans, while ther studies “shw they d nt harm.” “The threshld at which they cause prblems has nt been determined fr humans,” Schwabl said. Fr nw, Schwabl agrees we shuldn’t panic. He’s aviding plastic cntainers in his daily life – “nt s much that I am afraid f the ingestin, but I think thereby I may be cntributing t reducing the amunt f plastic waste” that makes its way int the envirnment.
At the mment, there is n need t be afraid, but it is an pen questin and definitely an unmet need.
8. What des the underlined wrd “unduly” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Prperly.B. Extremely.C. Obviusly.D. Specially.
9. Which factr cunts in the release f micrplastics?
A. Temperature.B. Prducts.C. Time.D. Cntainers.
10. What’s the Schwabl’s attitude twards micrplastics?
A. Panic.B. Caring.C. Indifference.D. Critical.
11. Hw is the passage develped?
A. By prviding the examples.B. By reasning the readers.
C. By analyzing the figures.D. By cmparing the findings.
D
What’s a spacewalk? Any time an astrnaut gets ut f a spacecraft while in space, it is called a spacewalk. Astrnauts g n spacewalks fr many reasns. Fr example, experiments can be placed n the utside f a spacecraft. This lets scientists learn hw being in space affects different things. By ging n spacewalks, astrnauts can als fix certain things instead f bringing them back t the earth t fix.
When astrnauts g n spacewalks, they wear spacesuits t keep themselves safe. Inside spacesuits, astrnauts have the xygen they need t breathe and the water they need t drink. T keep the astrnauts and the spacecraft safe, the astrnauts must leave and g back t the spacecraft thrugh a special dr. When n a spacewalk, astrnauts use safety tethers t stay clse t their spacecraft, which cnnect the spacewalkers with the spacecraft. They keep astrnauts frm flating away int space. Anther way astrnauts stay safe during spacewalks is by wearing a SAFER. SAFER is wrn like a backpack. It helps an astrnaut mve arund in space.
Hw d astrnauts train fr spacewalks? One way is by ging fr a swim. Flating in space is a lt like flating in water. Astrnauts practice spacewalks underwater in a huge special swimming pl. Fr every ne hur they will spend n a spacewalk, astrnauts need t train seven hurs in the pl. Anther way astrnauts practice fr a spacewalk is by using virtual reality(虚拟视镜). It lks and feels just like a spacewalk.
Tday, nly three cuntries have finished spacewalks independently. They are Russia, the United States and China. The first persn t g n a spacewalk in the wrld was Alexei Lenv frm Russia. Zhai Zhigang is the first Chinese astrnaut t g n a spacewalk. The wrld recrd f spacewalks is held by Russian astrnaut Anatly Slvyev. He has been n 16 spacewalks and spent mre than 82 hurs utside in space.
12. What can an astrnaut d by ging n a spacewalk?
A. Fix different bjects.B. Cllect any things he wants.
C. Carry ut an experiment.D. Study hw things changes in space.
13. What des the underlined wrd “tethers” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Special rpes.B. Spacesuits.
C. Spacecraft.D. Special backpacks.
14. What can we learn frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. Walking in space is as easy as ging swimming.B. A virtual reality shuld be used in a spacewalk.
C. Only three cuntries have ever tried spacewalks.D. Russia keeps the wrld recrd f spacewalks.
15. Where is this passage mst likely frm?
A. A diary.B. A magazine.C. A nvel.D. A guidebk.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，滴分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
D yu usually feel yu’re wrking hard but still can’t reach yur study gals? Here are sme quick tips t help yu study better.
Study with a partner r in grups
Rather than living in a cave with yur nse in the bks all day, grab a friend frm yur class and study with him. ___16___
Step int yur teacher’s shes
Ask yurself “If I were the teacher, what wuld I put n the test?”Yu have prbably experienced a lt f yur teacher’s tests and quizzes by nw. ___17___Teachers have specific types f infrmatin that they want yu t learn. The structure is usually the same.
Paint pictures n the paper
Yu can build yur knwledge structure in the frm f pictures. It’s harder t remember each piece f a puzzle individually than it is t recall the cmpleted picture. ___18___
___19___
A hungry brain is an ineffective ne. Yur brain needs the prper nutrients t keep it ging. Because f this, what yu eat and drink als play a huge rle in hw sharp yur brain is. Healthy fd prvide nutrients t yur brain cells t keep them energized,.
Take breaks t relax yur brain
Yur brain is like a muscle. It can be als tired if yu verwrk it, ___20___If yu divide studying int 15 t 30 minutes blcks with quick breaks in between, yur brain will feel refreshed, grateful and ready fr the next challenge yu thrw at.
A. Feed yur brain frm time t time.
B. It needs exercise t make it strnger.
C. Relax yur brain by eating and drinking.
D. Yu’d better learn frm them fr the next test.
E. It’s necessary t have a lng hliday and have nice fd,
F. Find ways t cnnect what yu are learning t real life r t ther cncepts.
G. Grup studying helps yu t engage and prcess the infrmatin mre deeply
第二部 分英语知识运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节 完形境空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.
36-year-ld Andy decided t return t his favrite high schl hbby—skatebarding. The nly ___21___ he expected t encunter was his wn ability t get back int the sprt after s lng. ___22___, the 340-pund skatebarder sn realized that was the least f his prblems.
Andy's challenges began even ___23___ he stepped n a skatebard. He culdn't find any resurces, like the type f bards t try, fr ___24___ skaters. What Andy did find instead was a (an) ___25___ belief that plus-sized peple shuld nt be skating.
Determined t change peple's ___26___ f plus- sized peple in sprts, Andy funded Chub Rllz—a skatebarding cmmunity fr fat skaters. He knew nt nly did he need t get back int skating t prve peple ___27___, but he needed t ___28___ a safe space where thers can shw themselves as well.
T inspire plus-sized peple t ___29___ the fun sprt, Andy made a list f recmmended prducts fr them and als hsted skatebarding classes t ___30___ beginners. The ____31____ t Chub Rllz was incredibly psitive.
Fllwing an article abut his initiative in the San Francisc Chrnicle (纪事报), Andy, received numerus messages frm ____32____ expressing gratefulness fr giving them the ____33____ t stand up t critics.
Fr thse ____34____ t g after their desired activity due t their bdy size, Andy has this t say: “Never let thers' pinins and self-dubt ruin the chance t ____35____ smething new.”
21. A. barrierB. taskC. adventureD. target
22. A. TherefreB. HweverC. UndubtedlyD. Frtunately
23. A. afterB. befreC. whenD. until
24. A. maleB. ambitiusC. elderlyD. verweight
25. A. easily-frgttenB. lng-heldC. interestingD. cnvincing
26. A. expectatinB. impressinC. descriptinD. knwledge
27. A. selfishB. dishnestC. sensitiveD. wrng
28. A. createB. imagineC. enterD. ccupy
29. A. make sense fB. give way tC. take upD. remark n
30. A. questinB. persuadeC. spnsrD. teach
31. A. apprachB. slutinC. respnseD. entrance
32. A. cnsumersB. skatersC. strangersD. custmers
33. A. patienceB. needC. curageD. curisity
34. A. unlikelyB. unsuitableC. cntentD. hesitant
35. A. tryB. discverC. intrduceD. assess
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处境入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shijing, als The Bk f Sngs r Shih Ching, is the _____36_____ (early) cllectin f Chinese petry. It _____37_____ (make) up f 311 pems dating frm the early years f the Western Zhu Dynasty t the middle stage f the Spring and Autumn Perid. Nwadays, Cnfucius is generally believed t be the ____38____ (edit) f the bk.
Shijing is rich in cntent, _____39_____ (describe) lve and labur, war and slavery, custms and marriage, ancestr wrship and special events. It is called a mirrr f scial life.
Pems included in Shijing fall int three sectins-pems that cme frm villages belng t Feng; thse written t persuade r praise the rulers belng t Ya; thse used at religius _____40_____ (ceremny) belng t Sng. Ya and Sng are flwery and serius in language. _____41_____, Feng is relatively inspiring and full f passin.
The pening pem f Shijing, “Cing and Wing” (《关雌》), is abut lve, _____42_____ reads:
By riverside are cing, a pair f turtledves;
A gd yung man is wing, a fair maiden he lves.
It is vivid that the man is lnging _____43_____ (win) ver the girl.
Shijing enables peple t have a better understanding f Chinese civilizatin and is als _____44_____ beginning f ancient Chinese petry. Additinally, it is als frequently quted in ther Chinese texts and has always been referred t _____45_____ mral truth and lessns.
第三部分 写作(共1小题;满分25分)
46. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I am a prud mther f three children, my last little ne being delivered in the middle f this pandemic (疫情). She was brn in August and her name is Aida.
Shrtly after having Aida, my mther-in-law Ann shwed me smething she learned frm her friend’s mther in an art class she attended weekly, She had shwed me hw t knit (编织) a scarf.
I spent a lt f time breastfeeding my sweet little girl, s I had sme extra time t d smething with my hands thrughut the day. I enjyed making the scarf s I purchased tns f yarn (线) since it was winter. I wanted t make scarves fr my three children as Christmas gifts.
There was a new family that mved in dwn the street. The nly daughter f the family was Jane, a shy girl, aged 14, the same age f my ldest sn David. It seemed that she came frm a financially disadvantaged family, fr she always wre ld clthes. Wrse still, in such cld days, she had n mre clthes t wear and trembled with cld.
Due t the pandemic, sciety was thrwn int crisis mde. Schls were clsed, fd supplies and deliveries were suspended and children were stuck at hme. In such discuraging time, hwever, they became gd cmpanins, talking and playing at hme r arund the huses.
It was dreadfully cld this winter. Every time David came back frm utside, with red face, he always cried, “Mum, it is freezing utside!” Then, he came ver t see whether I finished the scarf. I culd tell hw impatient he was t wear my scarf sner! I had t speed the prject t satisfy his expectatin. But David cmfrted me by saying he culd wait a few days. What a kind and cnsiderate by he was! Then my great art prject finally was accmplished n the mrning ahead f Christmas.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150词左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语己为你写好。
Paragraph 1: I wrapped the scarf arund David’s neck.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Later that day David came back saying Jane als deserved a scarf.
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