2024届中考英语模拟预热卷 【湖南专用】

这是一份2024届中考英语模拟预热卷 【湖南专用】，共18页。
第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分)
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
D yu knw hw t start a club al schl? Here are sme helpful ideas fr yu:
1. What dn't yu need t start a pht club? ________
A. Sme apps.
B. Small farms.
C. Sme cameras.
2. What can yu d in a LEGO club? ________
A. We can buy the best cars.
B. We can g t the mst beautiful restaurant.
C. We can make many things with LEGO.
3. Which f the fllwing is TRUE? ________
A. All f the clubs need classrms.
B. N ne lves building with LEGO.
C. A gardening club can help students learn hw t wrk with thers.
B
Imagine taking a flying taxi t the airprt, r jumping ver crwded city streets at rush hur, getting where yu want t g far faster than yu culd in a car. Believe it r nt, yu might be able t d these things in an air taxi sner than yu think.
An air taxi is smething like a helicpter(直升机) that can carry peple frm place t place. And it can g straight up and dwn withut a lng runway.
An American cmpany called Jby Aviatin has started testing their new air taxi. This is the first time they've tested a taxi that's been built in a factry. Befre that, all their taxis were made by hand. By 2025, Jby hpes t start carrying passengers fr mney. They've teamed up with Delta Air Lines t create a prgram t fly peple frm their hmes t the airprt. Besides the pilt, Jby's air taxis can carry fur ther passengers. They can g arund 100 miles befre the electric batteries(电池) need t be recharged.
Cmpared with helicpters, Jby says their air taxis are bth quieter and cheaper. Users need t pay abut $3 a mile at first. But ver time, the price was brught dwn t less than $1 a mile.
Althugh the idea f flying taxis is exciting, sme peple are still cncerned abut them. The air taxis may be quieter than helicpters, but they'll still be adding nise and traffic t ur skies. Sme peple wrry that nly rich peple will be able t affrd t use them.
It seems likely that air taxis will be part f the future travel. But there's still a lt t d befre air taxis becme cmmn.
4. Hw des the writer begin the passage?
A. By raising questins.
B. By imagining scenes.
C. By explaining reasns.
5. What can we learn abut Jby Aviatin's new taxi accrding t Paragraph 3?
A. It's made by hand.
B. It can fly 100 miles per hur.
C. It can carry five peple in ttal.
6. What des the underlined wrd "cncerned" mean in Paragraph 6?
A. Wrried.B. Nervus.C. Hpeless.
7.What is the best title f the passage?
A. A new flying taxiB. A perfect travel meansC. A new helicpter
C
Technlgy is changing t suit peple's needs. Of curse, technlgy has als made life mre cmplicated(复杂的) and sme may say, led t bad effects. Hwever, it is bvius that technlgy has made life better than befre.
There's n dubt that technlgy has imprved the standards f living. Machines can nw d the heavier wrk which human beings find very difficult t d. Industrializatin (工业化) has brught abut large prductin, peple can get gds at a cheaper price, t. Technlgy has made every aspect(方面) f life mre cnvenient: cmputers have made wrk in the ffice mre efficient and transprt systems have made travel cheaper and even mre enjyable.
Technlgy has als imprved the quality f scial life. The cmmunicatin technlgy has brught the wrld clser, whether fr business r fr persnal relatinships.
Yet, even thugh it is true that life has imprved with technlgy, life has als becme mre cmplicated as technlgy becmes mre cmmn in ur lives. The use f the Internet has changed the way we cmmunicate, scialize and d business, and thus expsed us t risks. As mre business deals take place nline, there is an increase in cybercrime(网络犯罪). And stlen data has becme a huge prblem fr businesses and banks. Cyberbullying(网络欺凌) is als becming mre widespread tday.
Still, technlgy has given us the means t a better life that was unimaginable. T say that technlgy des nt make life better r even makes life wrse is a ttally wrng cnclusin. There are als creative ways t slve the prblems that technlgy has brught abut, such as using laws and technlgy itself t slve the very prblems it brings abut. Fr example, sme cuntries have intrduced laws that cntrl the use f nline infrmatin t ensure persnal safety is prtected.
8. What can we learn frm Paragraph 2?
A. Machines can increase peple's heavier wrk.
B. Technlgy can make different aspects f life mre cnvenient.
C. Technlgy can slve all the difficult prblems in life.
9. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. Technlgy has brught mre prblems than cnvenience t human.
B. Machines will take the place f human beings in the future.
C. Laws can be made t prtect persnal safety n the Internet.
10. Which f the fllwing shws the structure f the passage? (P=Paragraph)?
A.B.C.
11. What culd be the best title fr the passage?
A. Can We Prtect Ourselves with Technlgy?
B. Can Technlgy Change the Way We Wrk?
C. Has Technlgy Made Life Better?
第二节 (共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中单选出能填人空白处的四个最佳选项。每个选项只能用一次。
Friends are imprtant in ur lives. But nt all f friends stand the test f time. We spke abut friendships with Marisa Franc, writer f the bk Hw Can Yu Make and Keep Friends. Here are fur tips t remember if yu're lsing a friend.
Accept changes in life
Lsing friends is a part f life. 12 Franc said: "Nbdy really wants the friendship t end, but peple get busy and can't keep the friendship anymre." It desn't mean we are nt qualified (合格的) friends. Instead, it makes us value what we have at present.
13
"When being with friends, the relatinship will get wrse if yu keep leaving smething unsaid instead f cmmunicating with each ther psitively(积极地)." Franc said. We might be afraid f having arguments. But if we think abut it and talk in peace, it can be a sign that yu care enugh t fix the friendship.
Allw yurself t feel sad
14 Allw yurself t feel thse feelings and be patient with yurself. Franc said, "When sciety desn't value a relatinship that yu're lsing, yu have truble grieving." It makes the grief last lnger. We shuld think like "Of curse, I'm sad, I lst smene I'm clse t". Instead f being like "What's wrng with me?" "And yu can't put a timeline n grief. Grief is just a prcess f feeling emtin ver time." Franc said.
Be kind t yurself alng the way
Franc said it's imprtant t frgive(原谅) yurself fr nt getting ver the lss f a friendship. 15 But dn't g int a new friendship feeling afraid. "Yur understanding f friendship in yur brain isn't just clred by this ne experience." Franc said.
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分25分)
第一节 完形填空 (共10小题每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Fur years ag, I received a call frm the headmaster. He asked me t speak t the grup.
After receiving the call, I was s 16 that I culdn't sleep the whle night. Finally, I decided t give the speech. I thught that the schl wuld never invite me t any f their prgrams again if I 17 this chance. The next day, I gt t schl. Befre it was my turn, my whle bdy was shaking and my muth was dry. It was n that day that I 18 my greatest weakness — public speaking.
After my speech, I met with the headmaster and explained what happened t me. He tld me that it was very 19 and mst peple experienced it. He suggested that I try again the next week. I 20 it and spent a whle week practicing the speech. This time I became mre relaxed but still nt 21 . I was nt sure whether I did my best.
A few mnths later, the headmaster invited me t give a talk at a meeting attended by mre than 100 headmasters. I 22 it day and night. This time it went very well and wn the hearts f all the audience(听众).
After giving this speech 23 , I said t myself, "If I dare t speak in frnt f s many learned audience, like headmasters wh 24 thers, I can nw speak in frnt f thers t."
As the saying ges, a jurney f a thusand miles begins with the first step. Everything is pssible if we have the 25 t take the first step.
16. A. prudB. nervusC. surprised
17. A. missedB. caughtC. had
18. A. recrdedB. crrectedC. realized
19. A. cmmnB. smthC. valuable
20. A. achievedB. expectedC. accepted
21. A. cnfidentB. carefulC. patient
22. A. asked frB. prepared frC. lked after
23. A. calmlyB. carefullyC. successfully
24. A. treatB. educateC. refuse
25. A. curageB. chiceC. ability
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is an ld Chinese wman ding kung fu in a vide nline. She is 26 medium height with grey hair. Her name is Zhang Hexian and peple call her kung fu Grandma. Nw she is 27 (get) ppular nt nly in China but als in ther cuntries.
Zhang started t d kung fu when she 28 (be) nly 5 years ld. "I practiced every day when I was yung. I wrked s hard. Nw I'm ld, but I still think kung fu is 29 exciting thing," she says. Zhang has three sns and a daughter. 30 dn't live with her, but ften visit her with sme lvely gifts.
Zhang's daily life is simple 31 healthy. She gets up at 5 a.m. and cks by herself every day. Seafd is her favrite. Zhang's huse is n a hillside(山坡) , s she 32 (have) t climb the hill when she ges ut.
A primary schl set up a kung fu class 3 years ag. Kung fu Grandma Zhang vlunteered t teach the 33 (child) kung fu there. The students feel 34 (luck) t have Zhang as their kung fu teacher. "It's imprtant fr yung peple 35 (learn) Chinese kung fu and the spirit behind it.", she says.
第三部分 综合技能 (共两节，满分25分)
第一节 简答和翻译 (共5小题；每小题2分满分10分)
阅读下面短文，回答问题和翻译句子。
Earthquakes happen very ften in Tky, but Tky is nt an unlucky city. Many special parks have been built in Tky t keep peple safe during earthquakes. These parks lk nthing different frm the ther parks, but when earthquakes happen, they becme life-saving places.
Many useful things in thse special parks can meet peple's basic needs. Fr example, it is usually hard fr peple t get water after earthquakes. In the special parks, peple can get drinking water frm the water pump(泵). If peple need t use tilets, they can chse special tilets that can be used withut water. Als, the helicpter(直升机) can land n squares r baseball fields and bring fd r ther things t peple. What's mre, if peple need t ck in the parks, sme special benches(长凳) can becme cking things.
Hwever, thse useful things are nt enugh fr peple t face earthquakes. The mst imprtant part lies in training peple. The parks, tgether with fire statins and the plice, will train with lcal peple at the usual time. This will let peple think and mve faster during real earthquakes and let them prtect themselves better.
39. S what can we d t prtect urselves frm getting hurt in earthquakes? First, we need t check ur furniture and make sure they wn't fall dwn easily. 40. 第二，当地震发生，我们需要待在饭桌或书桌下，保护我们的头部。Third, we can keep ur dr pen and wear cmfrtable shes during small earthquakes in rder t get ut safely.
36.Why are there many special parks in Tky?

37.Can peple get drinking water frm the special tilet r the water pump?

38.Accrding t the passage, what is the mst imprtant t help peple face earthquakes?

39.将划线部分译成中文。

40.将划线部分译成英文。

第二节 书面表达 (满分15分)
假如你是李华，上周参观了一个"废物利用◆创新环保"主题作品展。变废为宝，低碳生活从我做起。请你根据下面表格信息，以"Make gd use f the waste"为题写一篇短文，在英语角上介绍该展会中你最喜欢的展品（须选择表格内两项展品中的任意一个）并分享自己对环保的想法。
要求：(1)考生须选择表格内两项展品中的任意一个进行介绍，可适当发挥；
(2)词数80左右；
(3)文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名。
参考词汇：wrk(s)作品，glue粘贴，fashinable时尚的，pllute污染
Make gd use f the waste
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3 BCC
解析：1. 细节理解题。根据"What yu need: A classrm; sme cameras; sme apps."可知创办一个摄影俱乐部不需要小农场。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据"yu can have a LEGO-building match(比赛), like making the best cars r the mst beautiful restaurant with LEGO every week."可知在这个俱乐部可以用乐高做很多东西。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据"They can learn hw t grw their wn vegetables and flwers. They can als learn t wrk with ther students. It's useful."可知园艺俱乐部可以帮助学生学习如何与他人合作。故选C。
B
答案：4-7 BCAA
解析：4. 细节理解题。根据第一段"Imagine taking a flying taxi t the airprt, r jumping ver crwded city streets at rush hur, getting where yu want t g far faster than yu culd in a car."可知，作者通过想象一个场景开始这篇文章的。故选B。
5. 细节理解题。根据第三段"Besides the pilt, Jby's air taxis can carry fur ther passengers. "可知，这种交通工具一次总共可以乘坐五个人。故选C。
6. 词义猜测题。根据第五段"Althugh the idea f flying taxis is exciting, sme peple are still cncerned abut them."和"The air taxis may be quieter than helicpters, but they'll still be adding nise and traffic t ur skies."可知，文章提到了一些人们担心的情况，因此划线词是"担心"。故选A。
7. 标题归纳题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了空中出租车的相关信息，因此选项A"一种新的飞行出租车"适合作为最佳标题。故选A。
C
答案：8-11 BCAC
解析：8. 细节理解题。根据第二段"Technlgy has made every aspect f life mre cnvenient: cmputers have made wrk in the ffice mre efficient and transprt systems have made travel cheaper and even mre enjyable."可知，科技使生活的方方面面更加便利。故选B。
9. 细节理解题。根据最后一段"sme cuntries have intrduced laws that cntrl the use f nline infrmatin t ensure persnal safety is prtected."可知，一些国家已经出台了控制在线信息使用的法律，以确保个人安全得到保护。故选C。
10. 篇章结构题。综合全文可知，第一段，简述科学技术的发展对人们生活的影响，引出话题；第二段至第四段介绍了科学技术的发展给人们带来的好处及弊端；第五段，书写总结：科学技术为我们提供了通往美好生活的途径，创造性的方法会解决技术带来的问题；因此本文的结构是总——分——总。故选A。
11. 标题概括题。根据第一段"Hwever, it is bvius that technlgy has made life better than befre."和最后一段"Still, technlgy has given us the means t a better life that was unimaginable."可知，科学技术让我们的生活比以前更好；选项C"科学技术让生活更好了吗？"适合作为文章的标题。故选C。
第二节
答案：12-15 BAED
解析：12. 根据上文"Lsing friends is a part f life."可知，失去朋友是生活的一部分，因此设空处应该说正确看待得失，选项B"事情总是来来去去。"切题。故选B。
13. 根据下文"When being with friends, the relatinship will get wrse if yu keep leaving smething unsaid instead f cmmunicating with each ther psitively (积极地)."可知，这一段讲述了要敢于说出想说的话，选项A"把没说的话说出来。"切题。故选A。
14. 根据下文"Allw yurself t feel thse feelings and be patient with yurself."可知，后文讲述了会悲伤，选项E"通常，当一段友谊结束时，会有一个感到悲伤的过程。"切题。故选E。
15. 根据下文"But dn't g int a new friendship feeling afraid."可知，后文提到了要交新的朋友，选项D"让你感觉更好的一个方法就是交新朋友。"切题。故选D。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节 完形填空
答案：16-20 BACAC 21-25 ABCBA
16. 句意：接到电话后，我紧张得一夜没睡。prud自豪的；nervus焦虑的；surprised惊讶的。根据"I culdn't sleep the whle night" (我一夜没睡)，可知空处表示"焦虑的"。故选B。
17. 句意：我想，如果我错过了这次机会，学校就再也不会邀请我参加他们的任何项目了。
missed错过；caught抓住；had拥有。根据"the schl wuld never invite me t any f their prgrams again" (学校就再也不会邀请我参加他们的任何项目了)，可知空处表示"错过了这次机会"。故选A。
18. 句意：就在那天，我意识到我最大的弱点——公众演讲。recrded记录；crrected纠正；realized意识到。根据下文中"my greatest weakness — public speaking"，可知这是作者在经历了上文中"Befre it was my turn, my whle bdy was shaking and my muth was dry." (还没等轮到我，我全身发抖，口干。)之后，"意识到"的。故选C。
19. 句意：他告诉我，这是很常见的，大多数人都经历过。cmmn常见的；smth顺利的；valuable有价值的。根据下文中"mst peple experienced it" (大多数人都经历过)，可知空处表示"很常见"。故选A。
20. 句意：我接受了，花了整整一周的时间练习演讲。achieved实现；expected期待；accepted接受。根据下文中"and spent a whle week practicing the speech" (花了整整一周的时间练习演讲)，可知作者"接受了"校长的建议。故选C。
21. 句意：这一次我放松了一些，但仍然不自信。cnfident自信的；careful仔细的；patient耐心的。根据空前"but still nt…"，结合上文中作者第一次演讲的状态，可知空处表示"但仍然不自信"。故选A。
22. 句意：我夜以继日地准备着。asked fr请求；prepared fr准备；lked after照顾。根据上文"A few mnths later, the headmaster invited me t give a talk at a meeting attended by mre than 100 headmasters." (几个月后，校长邀请我在一个有100多位校长参加的会议上演讲。)，结合语境，可知空处表示作者为这场演讲"夜以继日地准备着"。故选B。
23. 句意：演讲成功后，我对自己说："如果我敢在这么多有学问的听众面前演讲，就像教育别人的校长一样，我现在也可以在别人面前演讲了。"calmly镇静地；carefully仔细地；successfully成功地。根据"This time it went very well and wn the hearts f all the audience (听众)."(这次进行得非常顺利，赢得了所有听众的心。)，可知空处表示作者"成功了"。故选C。
24. 句意：演讲成功后，我对自己说："如果我敢在这么多有学问的听众面前演讲，就像教育别人的校长一样，我现在也可以在别人面前演讲了。"treat对待；educate教育；refuse拒绝。分析句子，可知句中"wh"就是指"headmasters"，结合语境，可知此处表示"教育别人"。故选B。
25. 句意：如果我们有勇气迈出第一步，一切皆有可能。curage勇气；chice选择；ability能力。根据前文中"a jurney f a thusand miles begins with the first step"(千里之行，始于足下)，结合作者的亲身经历，可知句中是强调"有勇气迈出第一步"。故选A。
第二节 语法填空
答案：26.f 27.getting 28.was 29.an 30.They 31.but 32.has 33.children 34.lucky 35.t learn
解析：26. 句意：她中等身高。be f medium height"中等身高"，固定短语。故填f。
27. 句意：现在她不仅在中国而且在其他国家都很受欢迎。根据"Nw she is"可知，动词get应用现在分词getting，与is构成现在进行时。故填getting。
28. 句意：当她只有5岁的时候，她就开始学习功夫。根据"started"可知，时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式；主语为she，be动词应用was。故填was。
29. 句意：现在我老了，但我仍然认为功夫是一件令人兴奋的事情。此处表示泛指，且"exciting"以元音音素开头，不定冠词用an。故填an。
30. 句意：他们不和她住在一起，但经常带着一些可爱的礼物去看望她。根据"Zhang has three sns and a daughter."可知，此处指张的子女，用代词they，句首首字母大写。故填They。
31. 句意：张的日常生活简单而健康。根据"Zhang's daily life is simple ... healthy."可知，张的日常生活简单而健康，用连词but表示转折。故填but。
32. 句意：张的房子在山坡上，所以她外出时不得不爬山。根据"Zhang's huse is n a hillside (山坡) "可知，时态为一般现在时，主语为she，动词应用has。故填has。
33. 句意：张奶奶自告奋勇在那里教孩子们功夫。根据下文"The students"可知，此处名词应用复数形式。故填children。
34. 句意：学生们觉得有张老师做他们的功夫老师很幸运。feel为感官动词，后接形容词作表语；此处表示幸运的，应用lucky。故填lucky。
35. 句意：对年轻人来说，学习中国功夫及其背后的精神是很重要的。it is+adj.+fr sb.+t d sth."对某人而言，做某事是……的"，不定式作主语。故填t learn。
第三部分 综合技能
第一节 简答和翻译
36. 答案：T keep peple safe during earthquakes.
解析：根据"Many special parks have been built in Tky t keep peple safe during earthquakes"可知，为了在地震期间保护人们的安全，东京建造了许多特殊的公园。故填T keep peple safe during earthquakes.
37. 答案：The water pump.
解析：根据"In the special parks, peple can get drinking water frm the water pump (泵)."可知，在特殊的公园里，人们可以从水泵里得到饮用水。故填The water pump.
38. 答案：Training peple.
解析：根据"The mst imprtant part lies in training peple."可知，最重要的部分在于训练人们。故填Training peple.
39. 答案：那么，我们在地震中能做什么来保护自己免受伤害呢？
解析：S"那么"；what can we d"我们能做什么"；t prtect urselves frm getting hurt"保护自己免受伤害"；in earthquakes"在地震中"。故填：那么，我们在地震中能做什么来保护自己免受伤害呢？
40. 答案：Secnd, when an earthquake happens, we need t stay under tables r desks and prtect ur head.
解析：secnd"第二"；when"当……时候"；earthquake"地震"；happen"发生"，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单；we"我们"；need t d"需要做"；stay"待"； under tables"在桌子下"；r"或者"；prtect ur head"保护我们的头部"。故填Secnd, when an earthquake happens, we need t stay under tables r desks and prtect ur head。
第二节 书面表达
答案：
Make gd use f the waste
Hell, everyne! I'd like t tell yu smething abut the shw "Make gd use f the waste".
A number f creative wrks were n shw, including a cat huse, a mdel car, clthes and s n.
Of all the wrks, I was mst interested in a mdel car. It is made f used wd and plastic bttles. They are glued tgether and painted in different clrs s the mdel car lks fashinable. Plastic bttles are made int a chair f the car. I felt amazed at hw waste culd be put t such gd use. It really helps t save energy. It wn't pllute the envirnment. Besides, it als imprves students' creativity.
解析：[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿，属于材料作文写作；
②时态：时态为"一般现在时"；
③提示：文章的写作要点已经给出，按照提示的要点逐点阐述，可以适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图，引出介绍"废物利用"主题作品展这一话题；
第二步，根据表格内容，选择两项展品中的任意一项介绍该展会中你最喜欢的展品；
第三步，分享自己对环保的想法并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①a number f许多，大量
②be interested in对……最感兴趣
[高分句型]
I felt amazed at hw waste culd be put t such gd use. (含有情态动词的被动语态)Pht Club
Many students dn't knw hw t take phts. A pht club can help. Yu can give camera setting(设置) lessns t students.
What yu need: A classrm; sme cameras; sme apps.
LEGO Club
Wh desn't lve building with LEGO? In this club, yu can have a LEGO-building match(比赛), like making the best cars r the mst beautiful restaurant with LEGO every week.
What yu need: A classrm; LEGO.
Gardening Club
A gardening club can be a lt f fun fr students. They can learn hw t grw their wn vegetables and flwers. They can als learn t wrk with ther students. It's useful.
What yu need:
Small farms; plants and seeds; gardening tls.
A. Make the unsaid said.
B. Things just keep cming and ging.
C. Slve prblems as quickly as pssible.
D. One way t make yu feel better again is t make new friends.
E. Nrmally, when a friendship ends, there is a prcess f feeling sad.
What were n shw
What they are made f/frm
Hw they are made
What yu think
A cat huse
mdel car
…
waste paper/clthes
plastic bttles
used wd and glass
…（考生自拟内容）
save energy
…（考生自拟1个观点）