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2024届湖南省益阳市高三下学期三模考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份2024届湖南省益阳市高三下学期三模考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含2024届湖南省益阳市高三下学期三模考试英语试题原卷版docx、2024届湖南省益阳市高三下学期三模考试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共37页， 欢迎下载使用。
(全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What are the speakers ding nw?
A. Discussing a painting. B. Admiring a view. C. Ding a breath exercise.
2. Where are the speakers mst prbably?
A. In a restaurant. B. On the plane. C. In the classrm.
3. What des the man think f the wman?
A. She lks s pretty. B. She is a little lazy. C. She is t nervus.
4. What des the man intend t d?
A. Start a new jb. B. Build up his vcabulary. C. Finish a practice bk.
5. In which cuntry is it OK t shw up late?
A. Italy. B. Switzerland. C. Germany.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the fictin Anther Reality abut?
A. Kids’ discvery. B. A respectful scientist. C. Space travel.
7. What is the authr famus fr?
A. Humrus language. B. Cmplex ideas. C. Mving stries.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the matter with the car?
A. It is making a nise. B. It is running ut f gas. C. Its radi desn’t wrk.
9. Why did the man suggest stpping at the gas statin?
A. T refuel the car. B. T ask fr directins. C. T check his car.
听第8段材料，回答第10 至 12题。
10. What interests the man mst?
A. Chinese histry. B. Chinese pera. C. Chinese music.
11. Why des the man learn Chinese petry and nvels?
A. T develp a new interest.
B. T take part in a cmpetitin.
C. T get a better understanding.
12. What impresses the man abut Chinese literature?
A. Imaginatin. B. Language. C. Develpment.
听第9段材料，回答第13 至 16题。
13. Hw des the man feel abut playing a game?
A. Stressed. B. Curius. C. Relaxed.
14. What sprt des the wman mst like t watch?
A. Ftball. B. Basketball. C. Ice hckey.
15. What des the man advise the wman t d?
A. D sme sprts. B. Watch mre matches. C. Make new friends.
16. Why des the man suggest jining a gym?
A. It is easier t start. B. It needs mre skills. C. It is cmpetitive.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker mst prbably?
A. A dctr. B. An engineer. C. A guide.
18. What feels pain if ne has a headache?
A. The muscle. B. The bld. C. The brain.
19. Hw much f the energy des the brain ften need t supprt a kid’s grwth?
A. Abut 3%. B. Less than 30%. C. Nearly 50%.
20. Why can sme blind peple “see” thrugh their ears?
A. Their brain can change eyes int ears.
B. Their brain can rewire itself fr sunds.
C. Their brain can help ears t get simple images.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Spain is a cuntry that cntinues t surprise and let us tell yu it’s nt all sunbathing and shpping! We’re utlining ur tp 3 reasns t discver Spain alng with ur hliday suggestins t help yu make up yur mind.
Stunning scenery
Frm the dramatic, impsing muntains t the cuntless glistening beaches that dt its castlines, Spain is a cuntry full f natural beauty and inspiring landscapes. If breath-taking views and unique scenery captures yur attentin then ur tp suggestin is t experience a hliday t Tenerife where yu can enjy the inspiring its vlcanic views and panramic scenery. The largest f the Canary Islands, just suth f Spain, Tenerife has a rugged, vlcanic landscape as well as ver 200 miles f castline basting a huge variety f flra and fauna.
Beautiful beaches
Did yu knw that Spain has ver 5,000 miles f castline and thusands f beaches? Wherever yu g, yu are never far frm a beach. Frm undiscvered, hidden alcves t ppular turist resrts, there’s a beach fr everyne and with ver 300 days f sunshine each year yu’re guaranteed the weather t enjy them! This beautiful cuntry als has the mst blue flag beaches in the wrld s nw yu’ve n excuse! With thusands f beaches t chse frm, where will yu g?
Fabulus fd
Fr many peple, ne f the highlights f Spain is, f curse, the amazing fd n ffer. The cuntry’s vibrant cities ffer up Michelin-starred restaurants and lively tapas bars, while small-twn cafés and restaurants ffer up traditinal dishes such as paella, seafd stew, and chriz, made with lve frm family recipes.
Spanish cuisine is knwn fr being delicius, healthy, and full f flavur, s there are many unique dishes available that will tempt yur taste buds. If we’ve made yu hungry, then yu shuld take a hliday t Csta Brava, a Spanish fdie destinatin that shuld nt be missed!
1. What is the tp suggestin fr experiencing stunning scenery in Spain?
A. The beaches f Csta Brava.
B. The muntains in the nrthern regin.
C. A hliday t Tenerife.
D. The hidden alcves alng the castline.
2. Which f the fllwing is NOT the specialty in Spain?
A. Cnventinal cuisines and trendy bars.
B. Vlcanic views and cuntless castlines.
C. Sufficient sunshine and striking beaches.
D. Marine creatures and muthwatering seafd.
3. What purpse des the authr write the passage fr?
A. T infrm.B. T reprt.C. T review.D. T entertain.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了去西班牙旅行的三个理由。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“If breath-taking views and unique scenery captures yur attentin then ur tp suggestin is t experience a hliday t Tenerife where yu can enjy the inspiring its vlcanic views and panramic scenery.(如果令人屏息的美景和独特的风景能吸引您的注意，那么我们的顶级推荐是去体验一次特内里费岛的假期，在那里您可以欣赏到令人振奋的火山景观和全景风光。)”可知，在西班牙欣赏壮丽风景的最佳建议是前往特内里费度假，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Fr many peple, ne f the highlights f Spain is, f curse, the amazing fd n ffer. The cuntry’s vibrant cities ffer up Michelin-starred restaurants and lively tapas bars, while small-twn cafés and restaurants ffer up traditinal dishes such as paella, seafd stew, and chriz, made with lve frm family recipes.(对许多人来说，西班牙的亮点之一当然是提供的令人惊叹的食物。这个国家充满活力的城市提供米其林星级餐厅和热闹的小吃吧，而小城镇的咖啡馆和餐馆提供传统的菜肴，如海鲜饭，海鲜炖菜和西班牙辣香肠，用家庭食谱的爱制作)”及上文内容可知，文章提到了海鲜，但是没有提到海洋生物是西班牙的特产。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Spain is a cuntry that cntinues t surprise and let us tell yu it’s nt all sunbathing and shpping! We’re utlining ur tp 3 reasns t discver Spain alng with ur hliday suggestins t help yu make up yur mind(西班牙是一个不断带来惊喜的国家，让我们告诉你，这里不仅仅是晒太阳和购物！我们将列出发现西班牙的前三个理由，并提供我们的假期建议，帮助你做出决定)”可知本文介绍了去西班牙旅行的三个理由，可推理出本文的写作目的是要告知读者关于西班牙旅行的信息，故选A。
B
Cllege prfessrs these days face an ever-higher bar t grab the attentin f their students, frced t cmpete with the stimuli f smartphnes and laptps in large lecture halls. But when yur prfessr is a scial media star, it’s a little bit easier.
Tatiana Erukhimva, wh teaches physics at Texas A&M University, has managed t get her students, as well as future generatins, excited abut the science. Knwn as “Dr. Tatiana” t her students and nline fan base, the prfessr perfrms physics tricks with bundless energy and enthusiasm. Vides f her theatrical demnstratins have racked up hundreds f millins f views acrss TikTk and ther scial media platfrms.
In the kid-friendly vides, Erukhimva uses a range f everyday bjects in her experiments, frm pingpng balls and tilet paper t marshmallws, bicycle wheels and hair dryers. She credits the university marketing team’s vides f her lessns fr her scial media success. “This is just ne f ur ways t cnnect with peple t make physics accessible t peple,” she tells NPR. As part f the physics department’s extensive utreach prgram, she als puts n shws almst every week teaching physics t K-12 students. “The sner kids are taught physics and taught it well, the better,” she says.
It’s clear she knws what it takes t get yung peple excited abut a hard science. But it wasn’t always that way. When she first started teaching cllege freshman classes almst tw decades ag, she says she struggled t grab the attentin f her yunger students. She was used t teaching junirs, as she had fr a few years prir t that. But when it cmes t teaching a large lecture hall f 100-plus first-year students, first impressins are make r break.
“I did nt grab their attentin n the first day — that was my mistake,” she says. “I missed this pprtunity t bnd with them frm the very beginning, and then it tk me a while t find my vice.”
By the secnd semester, she fund her fting, tweaking her apprach t make her lecture halls feel smaller, and get her students engaged. The key, she says, has been t make herself apprachable and her instructin persnal.
4. What is the main challenge faced by cllege prfessrs in large lecture halls?
A. Cmpetitin with smartphnes and laptps.
B. Limited resurces fr·teaching materials.
C. Inadequate supprt frm the university.
D. Lack f interest frm students.
5. What rle des the university marketing team play in Tatiana Erukhimva’s scial media success?
A. Encuraging students t use scial media.
B Creating TikTk accunts fr prfessrs.
C. Prducing vides f her physics lessns.
D. Prmting weekly teaching prgram.
6. What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Erukhimva’s junir students in Paragraph 4?
A. T review her teaching plans.
B. T shw an applicatin f her idea.
C. T highlight the differences f teaching.
D T erase dubts abut her appraches.
7. What lessn did Tatiana Erukhimva learn when she initially started teaching cllege freshman?
A. The imprtance f establishing a persnal cnnectin with students.
B. The significance f fcusing n junir-level students.
C. The effectiveness f traditinal teaching methds.
D. The need fr advanced teaching materials.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了大学物理教授Tatiana Enukhimva通过社交媒体激发学生对科学的热情，强调教学的亲和力与个性化。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Cllege prfessrs these days face an ever-higher bar t grab the attentin f their students, frced t cmpete with the stimuli f smartphnes and laptps in large lecture halls. (如今，大学教授在吸引学生注意力方面面临着越来越高的门槛，他们被迫在大型演讲厅与智能手机和笔记本电脑的刺激竞争。)”可知，大学教授在大型演讲厅面临的主要挑战是与智能手机和笔记本电脑的竞争。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“She credits the university marketing team’s vides f her lessns fr her scial media success. (她将自己在社交媒体上的成功归功于大学营销团队的课程视频。)”可知，她把她社交媒体的成功归功于大学营销团队对于她课程视频的录制。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“It’s clear she knws what it takes t get yung peple excited abut a hard science. But it wasn’t always that way. When she first started teaching cllege freshman classes almst tw decades ag, she says she struggled t grab the attentin f her yunger students. She was used t teaching junirs, as she had fr a few years prir t that. But when it cmes t teaching a large lecture hall f 100-plus first-year students, first impressins are make r break. (很明显，她知道如何让年轻人对一门困难的科学感到兴奋。但事实并非总是如此。她说，大约20年前，当她第一次开始教授大学新生时，她很难吸引年轻学生的注意力。在那之前的几年里，她一直习惯于教大三学生。但当谈到在一个由100多名一年级学生组成的大型演讲厅教学时，第一印象是成败攸关的。)”可推知，作者在第四段中提到Erukhimva的低年级学生的目的是突出教学的差异。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“I missed this pprtunity t bnd with them frm the very beginning and then it tk me a while t find my vice. (我从一开始就错过了与他们建立联系的机会，后来我花了一段时间才找到自己的声音。)”可推知，Tatiana Erukhimva刚开始教大学新生时，她学到了与学生建立个人联系的重要性。故选A。
C
The il and gas industry may be emitting abut three-times the amunt f climate-warming methane than gvernment estimates shw, accrding t a new study frm Stanfrd University, Lawrence Berkeley Natinal Labratry and ther rganizatins in Nature. Methane (甲烷) is the main cmpnent f natural gas and amng the greenhuse gases heating the planet, which is prduced when extracting crude il.
Specific measurements varied frm a lw f less than 1%, r abut what the Envirnmental Prtectin Agency estimates, at a site in Pennsylvania t a high f nearly 10% in New Mexic. Researchers fund the higher percentages f methane released generally had smething in cmmn. “These are places where prductin is mstly fcusing n il,” says Evan Sherwin, a research scientist at Lawrence Berkeley Natinal Labratry wh cnducted the research as a pstdctral researcher at Stanfrd University. But il and gas ften cme ut f the grund tgether, and if there wasn’t a way t transprt the less-valuable gas t where it culd be sld, leaks were higher.
In Pennsylvania, by cntrast, drillers are fcused n prducing natural gas, and there, very little f the methane was wasted. That cmplicates an argument many in the industry have made, generally in ppsitin t tighter gvernment regulatins n methane. They say drillers have the incentive t capture gas leaks s they can sell the fssil fuel. But that’s nt always pssible, if industry hasn’t built the pipelines and ther infrastructure t get the gas t cnsumers. In this study, researchers estimate the industry releases abut 6.2 millin tns f methane a year, valued at $1.08 billin.
“Emissins f methane frm fssil fuel peratins remain unacceptably high,” said Tim Guld, chief ecnmist at the Internatinal Energy Agency, during a Tuesday call with reprters. The rganizatin’s Glbal Methane Tracker shws methane frm the energy sectr was near the recrd high level in 2023.
Despite that, the IEA cncludes that if cuntries fully implement existing pledges n methane reductins, that wuld make significant prgress tward achieving glbal climate gals. “2024 culd mark a turning pint and plicies are starting t be put int place. Greater transparency is cming. Awareness is spreading and we have enhanced ability t track large leaks and act quickly t shut them dwn,” Guld said. Guld said he hpes t have gd news t share, abut a reductin in methane emissins, next year.
8. What can we infer frm paragraph 2?
A. Varius measures are taken t restrict the release f methane.
B. The lw value f the gas in part leads t the high leak f the methane.
C. The mre fcused n the prductin f the gas, the higher the methane release
D. The percentage f methane in develping cuntries is higher than in develped cuntries
9. What des the underlined wrd “incentive” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Equipment.B. Prductivity.C. Drive.D. Assessment.
10. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Cautin: Methane emissin gives rise t serius glbal warming.
B. Methane emissins: Oil and gas industry’s hidden impact.
C. Measures taken t cut back n methane emissins.
D. Methane is t blame fr the climate change.
11. What is Tim Guld’s attitude tward emissins f methane at present?
A. Critical.B. Dismissive.C. Dubtful.D. Optimistic.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了甲烷气体的泄露及采取应对措施的迫切性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“But il and gas ften cme ut f the grund tgether, and if there wasn’t a way t transprt the less-valuable gas t where it culd be sld, leaks were higher. (但石油和天然气往往是一起开采出来的，如果没有办法将价值较低的天然气运输到可以出售的地方，泄漏就会更高)”可知，天然气的低价值导致甲烷的高泄漏。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“That cmplicates an argument many in the industry have made, generally in ppsitin t tighter gvernment regulatins n methane. They say drillers have the incentive t capture gas leaks s they can sell the fssil fuel. But that’s nt always pssible, if industry hasn’t built the pipelines and ther infrastructure t get the gas t cnsumers. (这使许多业内人士提出的论点变得复杂，他们普遍反对政府对甲烷的更严格监管。他们说，钻井商有incentive捕获天然气泄漏，以便出售化石燃料。但如果工业界没有建造管道和其他基础设施将天然气输送给消费者，这并不总是可能的)”可知，如果政府监管不那么严格的话，钻井商可以出售化石燃料来卖钱，所以他们是有动机来捕获天然气泄漏的。所以，incentive的意思应该是“动机”，和选项C意思一致。故选C。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The il and gas industry may be emitting abut three-times the amunt f climate-warming methane than gvernment estimates shw, accrding t a new study frm Stanfrd University, Lawrence Berkeley Natinal Labratry and ther rganizatins in Nature. (根据斯坦福大学、劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室和《自然》杂志其他组织的一项新研究，石油和天然气行业排放的甲烷量可能是政府估计的气候变暖甲烷量的三倍)”和第二段“But il and gas ften cme ut f the grund tgether, and if there wasn’t a way t transprt the less-valuable gas t where it culd be sld, leaks were higher. (但石油和天然气往往是一起开采出来的，如果没有办法将价值较低的天然气运输到可以出售的地方，泄漏就会更高)”可知，文章主要讲述的是石油和天然气的开采带来的甲烷泄露问题，所以“甲烷排放：石油和天然气行业的隐性影响。”适合作为文章标题。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““2024 culd mark a turning pint and plicies are starting t be put int place. Greater transparency is cming. Awareness is spreading and we have enhanced ability t track large leaks and act quickly t shut them dwn,” Guld said. Guld said he hpes t have gd news t share, abut a reductin in methane emissins, next year. (古尔德说：“2024年可能标志着一个转折点，政策开始实施。更大的透明度即将到来。人们的意识正在传播，我们已经增强了追踪大规模泄漏并迅速采取行动关闭泄漏的能力。”。古尔德说，他希望明年能分享减少甲烷排放的好消息)”可知，Tim Guld对甲烷排放问题是持乐观态度的。故选D。
D
Crssing paths with a wild bar (野猪) can pse fear and jy in equal measure. Despite 700 years f extinctin in Britain, the species’ wn tenacity and illegal releases frm the 1980s have nw led t several ppulatins emerging. Hwever, with impacts n bth peple and the cuntryside, their right t exist in Britain is heavily debated.
Hwever, the bar’s habitat-regenerating actins that benefit ther wildlife, even if they are unlved by many. The few bar in England are threatened again by paching and culling. Why is mre nt being dne t prevent their re-extinctin?
Naturalist, writer and science cmmunicatr Chantal Lyns addresses all these cmplex issues and explains what it might take fr us t cexist with wild bar in her new bk, Grundbreakers: The Return f Britain’s Wild Bar. In this extract, she explains the histry f the wild bar in Britain.
Mst f the last millennium was nt kind t the wild bar f Eurpe. But they endured when s many ther large animals did nt, and their star is ascendant nce mre. Their ppulatin status is rated as “Least Cncern” by the Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature (IUCN), which reprts that the species nw has ne f the vastest gegraphical distributins f all land animals, partly thanks t humans.
And s, with hindsight, the return f wild bar t Britain was inevitable. If nt intentinal. There’d been mutterings amng envirnmentalists fr decades that the species shuld be reintrduced. The market gt a taste fr them.
Mre farms sprung up, buying in animals frm the Cntinent, where they had never been extinct and the farming f them was already lng established. By the early 1990s there were 40 registered breeders in the UK.
Despite thusands f years f trying, ne f the qualities that has prven mst challenging t breed ut f the farmed pig is escaplgy. Life, as a certain fictinal mathematician nce said, finds a way. Our wdlands had been waiting fr nearly 700 years. Answering whatever call was sunding in their brains, wild bar began t escape frm the farms. Or, in sme cases, seem t have been variusly helped ut by strm damage, animal rights activists, hard-up wners and shters. Each freed individual was a spark. Smething new, smething ht and bright with ptential. Nt all thse sparks tk. But enugh did.
12. What were the circumstances that led t the return f wild bars t Britain?
A. The rle f the farmed pigs in the ecsystem.
B. Intrductin al reintrductin effrts by envirnmentalists.
C. Capitalistic influence and the market demand fr bar meat.
D. Strict enfrcement f the Dangerus Wild Animals Act f 1976.
13. Hw did varius factrs cntribute t the release f bars int the wdlands?
A. Escaplgy challenge in farmed pigs and the impact n the market.
B. Animal rights activists’ effrts in facilitating bar release.
C. The influence f the farmed pigs n the behavir f wild bars.
D. Strm damage and its rle in releasing bars.
14. Hw did Chantal Lyns explain the histrical cntext f wild bars in Britain?
A. The negative impact f capitalism n wild bar habitats.
B. The rle f the farmed pigs in the resurgence f wild bars.
C. The need fr stricter enfrcement f wildlife prtectin laws.
D. The inevitability f wild bar reintrductin thrugh human influence.
15. What des the authr imply abut the freed individuals amng the wild bars?
A. They were all successful in establishing new habitats.
B. Each f them cntributed t the decline f the wild bar ppulatin.
C. The sparks symblize the challenges faced by the wild bars in the wdlands.
D. Sme f them adapted t their new envirnment, causing the resurgence f the bars.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了野猪在英国的现状和历史。虽然在英国已经灭绝了700年，但由于非法释放和栖息地重建行动，野猪种群再次出现，引发了人民和农村的争议。博物学家Chantal Lyns在她的新书中解释了与野猪共存的复杂问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Their ppulatin status is rated as “Least Cncern” by the Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature (IUCN), which reprts that the species nw has ne f the vastest gegraphical distributins f all land animals, partly thanks t humans. (它们的种群状况被国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）评为“最不受关注”，该联盟报告称，该物种现在是所有陆地动物中地理分布最广泛的物种之一，这在一定程度上要归功于人类。)”和第五段“And s, with hindsight, the return f wild bar t Britain was inevitable. If nt intentinal. There’d been mutterings amng envirnmentalists fr decades that the species shuld be reintrduced. The market gt a taste fr them. (因此，事后看来，野猪回归英国是不可避免的。如果不是故意的。几十年来，环保主义者一直在嘀咕着应该重新引入该物种。市场已经尝到了它们的味道。)”可知，资本主义的影响和市场对野猪肉的需求导致野猪返回英国。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Despite thusands f years f trying, ne f the qualities that has prven mst challenging t breed ut f the farmed pig is escaplgy. Life, as a certain fictinal mathematician nce said, finds a way. Our wdlands had been waiting fr nearly 700 years. Answering whatever call was sunding in their brains, wild bar began t escape frm the farms. Or, in sme cases, seem t have been variusly helped ut by strm damage, animal rights activists, hard-up wners and shters. (尽管经过数千年的尝试，养殖猪最具挑战性的品质之一是逃脱术。正如某位虚构的数学家曾经说过的那样，生活会找到一条路。我们的林地已经等了将近700年。无论它们脑子里响起什么样的叫声，野猪都开始逃离农场。)”和第五段中“There’d been mutterings amng envirnmentalists fr decades that the species shuld be reintrduced. The market gt a taste fr them. (几十年来，环保主义者一直在嘀咕着应该重新引入该物种。市场已经尝到了它们的味道。)”可知，养殖猪的逃脱术导致的挑战，及其对市场的影响导致野猪被释放到林地。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Their ppulatin status is rated as “Least Cncern” by the Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature (IUCN), which reprts that the species nw has ne f the vastest gegraphical distributins f all land animals, partly thanks t humans. (它们的种群状况被国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）评为“最不受关注”，该联盟报告称，该物种现在是所有陆地动物中地理分布最广泛的物种之一，这在一定程度上要归功于人类。)”和第五段“And s, with hindsight, the return f wild bar t Britain was inevitable. (因此，事后看来，野猪回归英国是不可避免的。)”可知，由于人类的影响，野猪的重新引入是必然的。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Each freed individual was a spark. Smething new, smething ht and bright with ptential. Nt all thse sparks tk. But enugh did. (每一个自由的个体都是一个火花，一种新的东西，一种有潜力的炽热和光明的东西。并不是所有的火花都擦出来了。但已经够了。)”可知，作者通过把渴望被释放的野猪比作自由的火花，说明这些野猪中的一些被释放出来，适应了新环境，导致了这一种群的复兴。故选D。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t manage sleep anxiety
Aside frm the main symptm f nt being able t fall asleep, r cnstantly waking up thrughut the night, sleep anxiety has very similar symptms t general anxiety disrders. ___16___ Sleep deprivatin can have a huge impact n yur health and wellbeing, and sleep anxiety can make it difficult, even impssible, t have get a gd night’s sleep. Studies have shwn that singular stressful events, like taking an exam, have little impact n yur crtisl levels and they sn return t nrmal. ___17___ This suggests that a night f tssing and turning the day befre a jb interview might be a ne ff, but facing stress every day — like being stressed abut lack f sleep — has a significant impact n yur sleep cycle.
The first step is t identify what’s causing yur lack f sleep. Is it stress at wrk, r in yur relatinship? Is it past injury? Is it bad dreams making yu want t put ff sleeping s they dn’t keep recurring? Try t understand why yu find it a struggle t sleep. ___18___
If nightmares and sleep paralysis are stpping yu frm sleeping, yu might think there’s nthing yu can d t calm yur subcnscius — but there are things yu can try that can make yur dreams mre psitive. ___19___ Studies have shwn that peple with a better “peace f mind” have mre psitive dreams, whereas symptms f anxiety related t negative dreams. Cgnitive behaviural therapy, CBT, teaches yu t change the way yu think in rder t change yur behaviur. It culd help yu understand hw sleep anxiety is affecting yur bdy and brain, avid things that trigger yur anxiety and make sleep impssible, and help change the negative way yu view sleep.
Smetimes, less is mre, and perhaps trying t hard t frce yurself t sleep with a 20-step bedtime rutine culd be adding t the pressure and anxiety yu’re feeling, and have the ppsite affect that yu want. ___20___ If yu usually try t sleep in a warm rm with a ht water bttle, try lwering the temperature. Sleeping in a clder rm prevents crtisl levels rising, and helps yur bdy release melatnin instead, which helps yu sleep — this is why it’s ften s difficult t sleep during a heatwave.
A. These can be listed as fllws.
B. If It’s nt wrking, it’s time t try smething new.
C. Take a cmfrtable sleeping psitin, ideally n yur back.
D. This can help yu deal with the anxiety surrunding it and then end the hatred cycle.
E. Hwever, chrnic stress and anxiety can make the increase in the hrmne last a lng time.
F. Try sme mindful techniques as part f yur bedtime rutine as well as thrughut the day.
G. These include a cntinual feeling f unease, increased heart rate, sweating, and tensed muscles.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了缓解睡眠焦虑的四种方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Aside frm the main symptm f nt being able t fall asleep, r cnstantly waking up thrughut the night, sleep anxiety has very similar symptms t general anxiety disrders. (除了无法入睡或整晚不断醒来的主要症状外，睡眠焦虑与一般焦虑症的症状非常相似)”可知，接下来需要介绍这些症状是什么样的。选项G“这些症状包括持续的不安感、心率加快、出汗和肌肉紧张。”和上文意思一致，符合题意。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据下文“This suggests that a night f tssing and turning the day befre a jb interview might be a ne ff, but facing stress every day — like being stressed abut lack f sleep — has a significant impact n yur sleep cycle. (这表明，在面试前一天晚上辗转反侧可能是一种解脱，但每天面对压力——比如睡眠不足带来的压力——会对你的睡眠周期产生重大影响)”可知，这里介绍长期处于高压之下会对你的睡眠周期产生重大影响。选项E“然而，长期的压力和焦虑会使荷尔蒙的增加持续很长时间。”引出下文，符合题意。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“The first step is t identify what’s causing yur lack f sleep. Is it stress at wrk, r in yur relatinship? Is it past injury? Is it bad dreams making yu want t put ff sleeping s they dn’t keep recurring? Try t understand why yu find it a struggle t sleep. (第一步是找出导致你睡眠不足的原因。这是工作中的压力，还是你们关系中的压力？是过去的伤病吗？是噩梦让你想推迟睡觉，这样它们就不会不断出现吗？试着去理解为什么你觉得难以入睡)”可知，这里建议要弄明白你觉得难以入睡的原因。选项D“这可以帮助你处理围绕它的焦虑，然后结束仇恨循环。”承接上文，说明这样做的作用，符合题意。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“If nightmares and sleep paralysis are stpping yu frm sleeping, yu might think there’s nthing yu can d t calm yur subcnscius — but there are things yu can try that can make yur dreams mre psitive. (如果噩梦和睡眠瘫痪让你无法入睡，你可能会认为你无法平静你的潜意识——但你可以尝试一些事情，让你的梦想变得更加积极)”可知，这里建议尝试一些事情，让你的梦想变得更加积极。选项F“试着把一些有意识的技巧作为你就寝时间的一部分，也可以贯穿一天。”进一步介绍这种方法的益处，符合题意。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据下文“If yu usually try t sleep in a warm rm with a ht water bttle, try lwering the temperature. Sleeping in a clder rm prevents crtisl levels rising, and helps yur bdy release melatnin instead, which helps yu sleep — this is why it’s ften s difficult t sleep during a heatwave. (如果你通常试着睡在温暖的房间里，拿着热水瓶，试着降低温度)”可知，这里建议如果一个方法不起作用，要尝试新的方法。选项B“如果不起作用，是时候尝试新的东西了。”引出下文，符合题意。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently, vide clips f Zhang Jianna, a sanitatin (环卫) wrker, directing freigners have gne viral nline. Her ____21____ English and cnfident ____22____ in the clips have deeply impressed the viewers, ____23____ curisity abut hw an rdinary-lking sanitatin wrker ____24____ such impressive English skills.
Behind the sensatin ____25____ a decade-lng jurney f persistence. In 2012, Zhang Jianna tk n the rle f a sanitatin wrker in the embassy area f Sanlitun in Beijing’s Chayang district. A special ____26____ while wrking has mtivated Zhang t learn English by herself, a pursuit she cntinues with determinatin t this day.
“My gal is quite simple. I just want t help whenever smene is in need, whether asking fr directins, inquiring abut visa ____27____, r telling them abut the embassy area I am respnsible fr,” said Zhang.
Thus, at the age f 40, Zhang has embarked n a persnal ____28____. Withut a tutr, she began learning English frm her children’s textbks, starting with basic wrds and phrases cmmnly used fr giving ____29____.
With n fixed study hurs, she utilized every _____30_____ mment. While thers rested, she memrized vcabulary and practiced speaking. Upn arriving hme after wrk, she wuld write dwn new knwledge pints and _____31_____ them until she thrughly understd them. Over the years, she filled ver a dzen ntebks with her ntes. Her _____32_____ psed her biggest challenge. “_____33_____ is key t learning English. Learn step by step, learn every day,” Zhang said.
When asked abut the greatest _____34_____ f learning English, Zhang emphasizes self-cnfidence. “Grwing up in a rural area withut a cllege educatin, I smetimes feared being lked dwn upn. But every time I help a _____35_____ in English, I feel incredibly accmplished.”
21. A. self-taughtB. fluentC. acceptableD. brken
22. A. prtrayalB. figureC. featureD. accent
23. A. fuelingB. arisingC. enrichedD. fulfilled
24. A. appliedB. defeatedC. recgnizedD. acquired
25. A. setB. liesC. findsD. psed
26. A. treatB. experimentC. encunterD. substance
27. A. cardsB. prceduresC. adaptatinD. exchange
28. A. trackB. scheduleC. jurneyD. challenge
29. A. directinsB. permissinC. perfrmanceD. interpretatin
30. A. dietingB. exercisingC. spareD. verwrk
31. A. distinguishB. calculateC. cnsultD. review
32. A. memryB. strategiesC. healthD. lneliness
33. A. AmbitinB. PerseveranceC. RecitatinD. Encuragement
34. A. struggleB. mtivatinC. attractinD. reward
35. A. basterB. hmelessnessC. passer-byD. sick
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了环卫工人张建娜通过自学英语，成功掌握了流利的口语技能，并在工作中为外国人提供帮助的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近，环卫工人张建娜为外国人指路的视频片段在网上走红。视频中她流利的英语和自信的表现给观众们留下了深刻印象，也激发了人们对这位相貌平平的环卫工人是如何掌握如此出色的英语技能的好奇心。A. self-taught自修的；B. fluent流畅的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. brken破损的。根据上文“Recently, vide clips f Zhang Jianna, a sanitatin (环卫) wrker, directing freigners have gne viral nline(最近，环卫工人张建娜指挥外国人的视频片段在网上走红)”以及下文“English(英语)”可推理出空白处应填表示对张建娜的英语做积极评价的表达，分析选项，B项“fluent流畅的”表达的含义符合语境，故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. prtrayal画像；B. figure数字；C. feature特征；D. accent口音。根据上文“cnfident(自信的)”以及下文“have deeply impressed the viewers(给观众们留下了深刻印象)”可推理出此处说的是张建娜的自信的特征，故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. fueling激起；B. arising出现；C. enriched充实；D. fulfilled履行。根据下文“curisity abut hw an rdinary-lking sanitatin wrker… such impressive English skills(人们对这位相貌平平的环卫工人是如何……如此出色的英语技能的好奇心)”可推理出，此处说的是张建娜在视频中的流利的英语和自信激发了人们的好奇心，故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. applied申请；B. defeated击败；C. recgnized认出；D. acquired获得。根据下文“such impressive English skills(如此出色的英语技能)”可推理出空白处应填表示“获得”含义的动词，故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这份引人注目的成就背后，是张建娜长达十年的坚持之路。A. set安置；B. lies存在；在于；C. finds发现；D. psed使摆姿势。根据下文“a decade-lng jurney f persistence(长达十年的坚持之路)”可知下文说的是上文的原因，故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：工作中一次特殊的经历激励了张建娜自学英语，至今她仍坚定地追求着这个梦想。A. treat乐趣；B. experiment实验；C. encunter偶遇；D. substance物质。根据上文“special(特殊的)”以及下文“while wrking has mtivated Zhang t learn English by herself(工作中的……激励了张建娜自学英语)”可推理出此处说的是一次偶然的邂逅激励了张建娜自学英语，故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的目标其实很简单，就是每当有人需要帮助时，无论是问路、咨询签证手续，还是向他们介绍我负责的大使馆区域，我都会尽力帮忙。A. cards卡片；B. prcedures手续；C. adaptatin适应；D. exchange交换。根据上文“inquiring abut visa, r telling them abut the embassy area I am respnsible fr (询问有关护照……，或者告诉他们有关我负责的使馆区域)”可推理出此处说的是询问有关护照手续，故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，40岁的张建娜开启了个人的挑战之旅。A. track跑道；B. schedule工作计划；C. jurney旅行；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“Withut a tutr, she began learning English frm her children’s textbks, starting with basic wrds and phrases cmmnly used fr(没有老师，她从孩子的课本开始学习英语，从常用的用于……的基本单词和短语开始)”可知此处说的是张建娜在没有老师的情况下，自学英语，可推理出这是对她的挑战，故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，40岁的张建娜开启了个人的挑战之旅。没有老师，她从孩子的课本开始学习英语，从用于指路的常用基本单词和短语开始学起。A. directins方向；B. permissin准许；C. perfrmance表演；D. interpretatin解释。根据上文“I just want t help whenever smene is in need, whether asking fr directins(我只是想在有人需要帮助的时候尽一份力，无论是问路还是……)”以及“Recently, vide clips f Zhang Jianna, a sanitatin (环卫) wrker, directing freigners have gne viral nline(最近，环卫工人张建娜指挥外国人的视频片段在网上走红)”可知张建娜是一名清洁工，清洁工要经常为人们指路，再根据上文“basic wrds and phrases(基本单词和短语)”可推理出空白处应填表示“方向”含义的名词，故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词/名词词义辨析。句意：由于没有固定的学习时间，她利用了一切空闲时间。A. dieting节食；B. exercising锻炼；C. spare空闲的；D. verwrk过度工作。根据下文“While thers rested, she memrized vcabulary and practiced speaking(当别人休息的时候，她却在背单词和练习口语)”可知此处上下文说的是张建娜利用空闲时间学习英语，故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下班后回到家，她会把新学到的知识点写下来，反复复习，直到完全理解。A. distinguish区分；B. calculate计算；C. cnsult咨询；D. review复习。根据下文“until she thrughly understd them(直到完全理解)”可推理出此处说的是反复复习，直到完全理解，故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的记忆力是她面临的最大挑战。A. memry记忆；B. strategies策略；C. health健康；D. lneliness孤独。根据上文“Over the years, she filled ver a dzen ntebks with her ntes(多年来，她记了十几本笔记)”以及下文“psed her biggest challenge(是她面临的最大挑战)”可知，她记了十几本笔记是因为记忆不好，可推理出此处说的是她的记忆是她面对的最大挑战，故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：学习英语贵在坚持。A. Ambitin雄心；B. Perseverance毅力；C. Recitatin朗诵；D. Encuragement鼓励。根据下文“Learn step by step, learn every day(循序渐进，日积月累)”可推理出此处说的是学习英语贵在每天坚持，故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被问及学习英语最大回报时，张建娜强调了自信。A. struggle奋斗；B. mtivatin动力；C. attractin吸引力；D. reward回报。根据下文“self-cnfidence(自信)”可推理出此处说的是学习英语的回报，故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但每次我用英语帮助路人时，我都感到无比有成就感。A. baster自夸的人；B. hmelessness无家可归；C. passer-by过路人；D. sick病人。根据上文“My gal is quite simple. I just want t help whenever smene is in need, whether asking fr directins, inquiring abut(我的目标很简单。我只是想在有人需要帮助的时候尽一份力，无论是问路、咨询，还是告诉他们关于……)”可推理出张建娜为过路人指路，故选C项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese Lng Year, als knwn as the Spring Festival r Lunar New Year, is a vibrant and festive celebratin ___36___ (mark) the beginning f the lunar calendar. This annual event is deeply ___37___ (rt) in Chinese culture, symblizing renewal, family reunins, and guiding in f gd frtune.
The festivities typically span 15 days, ___38___ clrful parades, dragn and lin dances, and dazzling firewrks shining the streets. Families cme tgether fr plentiful feasts, exchanging gifts, and paying ___39___ (respect) t ancestrs. The air is filled with the sunds f jyus laughter and traditinal music.
One f the ___40___ (much) icnic features f Chinese New Year is the red decratins brightening hmes and streets. Red symblizes gd luck and ___41___ (prsper) in Chinese culture. Peple als participate in the traditin f giving and receiving red envelpes cntaining lucky mney, knwn as “hngba,” as ___42___ gesture f gd wish and well-being.
As the Year f the Dragn, Lng Year is particularly auspicius, believed t bring strength, vitality, and success. Peple acrss the glbe jin in the festivities, creating a sense f unity and ___43___ (share) celebratin.
Chinese Lng Year is a time-hnred traditin that ___44___ (exceed) brders emphasizing the imprtance f family, cultural heritage, ____45____ the hpeful anticipatin f a prsperus year ahead.
【答案】36. marking
37. rted 38. with
39. respects
40. mst 41. prsperity
42. a 43. shared
44. exceeds
45. and
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国龙年的历史文化内涵。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国龙年，也被称为春节或农历新年，是一个充满活力和节日的庆祝活动，标志着农历的开始。分析句子结构可知mark与逻辑主语Chinese Lng Year构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填marking。
【37题详解】
考查语态。句意：这个一年一度的节日深深植根于中国文化，象征着新生、家庭团聚和好运的到来。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文is可知为一般现在时的被动语态。故填rted。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：庆祝活动通常持续15天，有五彩缤纷的游行，舞龙舞狮，以及耀眼的烟花照亮街道。后跟名词作宾语，作伴随状语，应用介词with。故填with。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：家人聚在一起享用丰盛的盛宴，交换礼物，并向祖先致敬。短语pay respects t表示“向……致敬”。故填respects。
【40题详解】
考查最高级。句意：中国新年最具标志性的特征之一就是家家户户和街道上的红色装饰。根据上文定冠词以及句意可知为最高级，应用mst。故填mst。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：在中国文化中，红色象征着好运和繁荣。作动词的宾语，应用名词prsperity，不可数。故填prsperity。
42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：人们也有发红包和收红包的传统，里面装着压岁钱，被称为“红包”，象征着美好的愿望和幸福。此处gesture为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：世界各地的人们都参加了庆祝活动，创造了一种团结和共同庆祝的感觉。修饰名词celebratin应用形容词shared。故填shared。
【44题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：中国龙年是一个历史悠久的传统，它超越了国界，强调家庭、文化遗产的重要性，并对来年的繁荣充满希望。根据上文is可知为一般现在时，定语从句谓语与先行词traditin保持一致，用三单形式。故填exceeds。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：中国龙年是一个历史悠久的传统，它超越了国界，强调家庭、文化遗产的重要性，并对来年的繁荣充满希望。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校计划定于6月 10 日在体育馆举办高三毕业典礼，请写封邮件邀请你校外教 David 参加，内容包括：
1.典礼时间与地点；
2.典礼内容；
3.期待回复。
注意：1.词数80 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear David,
Hw is everything ging? With great excitement and delight, I am writing t invite yu t attend ur graduatin ceremny, which is scheduled t be held at 9:00 am n June 10, 2024 in the schl gym.
There are many significant activities, which will never fail t impress yu. At the beginning, the headmaster will deliver a speech t express his sincere cngratulatins n ur graduatin. After that, t recall ur unfrgettable experiences in high schl, sme elabrate shws will be perfrmed. Besides, dn’t miss the glden mment when we will gather tgether t take phts.
We wuld be particularly hnred by yur distinguished presence at the ceremny and we are lking frward t yur cming. Please reply t me at yur cnvenience.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校外教 David写封邮件，邀请他参加学校于6月10日在体育馆举办的高三毕业典礼。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜悦：delight →jy
表达：express →cnvey
此外：besides → what’s mre
特别：particularly →in particular
2.句式拓展
句式转换
原句：With great excitement and delight, I am writing t invite yu t attend ur graduatin ceremny, which is scheduled t be held at 9:00 am n June 10, 2024 in the schl gym.
拓展句：With great excitement and delight, I am writing t invite yu t attend ur graduatin ceremny, scheduled t be held at 9:00 am n June 10, 2024 in the schl gym.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There are many significant activities, which will never fail t impress yu.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】After that, t recall ur unfrgettable experiences in high schl, sme elabrate shws will be perfrmed.（运用了不定式短语作目的状语）
第二节(满分25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Rudi Gnsalves culd barely cntain his excitement as he sped dwnhill. It was the first day f his hliday in the Rmanian ski resrt f Piana Brasv and he was 6,000 feet up ne f its highest muntains, breathing in the cleanest air.
Weather and snw cnditins were perfect. An experienced skier, he tackled the difficult “black” run with ease, knees gently bent t meet the uneven surface f the snw.
Rudi, a part-time yuth wrker frm Epsm Dwns, Surrey, regularly bked a winter hliday with his wife Sue. But Sue was scared f heights and culd nt vercme her sense f frebding as the skiing seasn apprached.
S this time Rudi, a keen sprtsman and fit fr his 57 years, had cme alne.
As he snaked his way dwn the muntain n that March afternn last year, snwflakes began t fall—lightly at first, then mre heavily until the cluds bltted ut the sun entirely, transfrming everything int a ghstly whiteness.
He culd just make ut ther skiers descending the slpes as fast as they culd. I’d better stay clse t them fr safety, he decided. This culd be tricky.
Straining t see ahead, Rudi was nly vaguely aware f a lming utline lumbering up the muntain.
“Did anyne see me fall? Where am I?”
He lked arund him, trying t get his bearings, but in every directin there was nly the same vast whiteness.
Then he tk ut his gld watch, a treasured present frm his wife. It nt nly tld him the time, 1.54pm, it als seemed t give him strength.
It was getting dark when Rudi finally gave up his attempt t scale the muntain and decided t head dwnhill instead. He knew it wuld mean mving away frm the best rute back t his htel, but there seemed t be n alternative.
Despair began t dg Rudi as he faced up t the reality f spending a night in the pen. It was 5.30 pm and the temperature was drpping fast. He began t shiver, his teeth chattering uncntrllably. He felt very alne.
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After three hurs he was very tired, clder than he had ever felt.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He was barely aware f tw hrses drawing a wagn alng the lane twards him.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
After three hurs he was very tired, clder than he had ever felt. Hunger and thirst wre away his stmach. Using a ski as a spade, he spent half an hur scraping away the snw beneath the branch until he reached the drier sil belw. T prtect himself further, he used the disldged snw t build walls fr his new hme. Then he stabbed arund with his ski ple, cllecting fallen branches fr a fire and burning his tw spare hats and all his Rmanian paper mney t kindle the flames. He didn’t dare fall asleep fr fear that he might never wake up. Fr six hurs he sat listening, hping t hear smene calling him r t see sme lights, until, dizzy and exhausted, he cllapsed n t a well-used cuntry lane.
He was barely aware f tw hrses drawing a wagn alng the lane twards him. A weather-beaten driver laded him int the cart and tk him t his farmhuse. There Rudi, drifting in and ut f cnsciusness, felt himself being lifted ut by farm wrkers. But even when smene cut away his ski bts and scks, he culd nt feel his hands r feet. The Rmanians culd see that his tes and fingers were black frm frst-bite. His rescuers revived him with three bwls f milk. “Yu saved my life,” he managed t say, his speech slw and painful. The farmer, wh understd mre English than he culd speak, ndded and grinned, befre driving him t his htel, which was abut 45 miles away. Rudi knew it was mre than luck and a stranger’s kindness that kept him alive thrugh the dilemma.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Rudi Gnsalves在滑雪的时候迷了路，不得不在户外过夜。下午5点半，气温下降得很快。他开始发抖，牙齿控制不住地打颤。他感到非常孤独。正当他感到绝望的时候，一个饱经风霜的车夫发现了他，救了他。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“三个小时后，他感到非常疲倦，感到前所未有的寒冷”可知，第一段可描写Rudi在户外求生的过程以及Rudi的感受。
②由第二段首句内容“他几乎没有意识到两匹马拉着一辆马车沿着小路向他走来”可知，第二段可描写Rudi被农夫搭救，最终回到了酒店。
2.续写线索：感到寒冷——采取措施保护自己——生火保暖——车夫发现Rudi——Rudi被救——Rudi感谢——Rudi感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①建造：build/cnstruct
②保护：prtect/guard
③醒来：wake up /awake
情绪类
①疲惫：exhausted/tired
②失去意识：ut f cnsciusness / uncnscius
点睛】[高分句型1] But even when smene cut away his ski bts and scks, he culd nt feel his hands r feet. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Rudi knew it was mre than luck and a stranger’s kindness that kept him alive thrugh the dilemma. (运用了省略that的宾语从句和强调句)
听力答案：1—5 BACBA 6—10 CBACB 11—15 CBCBA 16—20 ACACB
(全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What are the speakers ding nw?
A. Discussing a painting. B. Admiring a view. C. Ding a breath exercise.
2. Where are the speakers mst prbably?
A. In a restaurant. B. On the plane. C. In the classrm.
3. What des the man think f the wman?
A. She lks s pretty. B. She is a little lazy. C. She is t nervus.
4. What des the man intend t d?
A. Start a new jb. B. Build up his vcabulary. C. Finish a practice bk.
5. In which cuntry is it OK t shw up late?
A. Italy. B. Switzerland. C. Germany.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the fictin Anther Reality abut?
A. Kids’ discvery. B. A respectful scientist. C. Space travel.
7. What is the authr famus fr?
A. Humrus language. B. Cmplex ideas. C. Mving stries.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the matter with the car?
A. It is making a nise. B. It is running ut f gas. C. Its radi desn’t wrk.
9. Why did the man suggest stpping at the gas statin?
A. T refuel the car. B. T ask fr directins. C. T check his car.
听第8段材料，回答第10 至 12题。
10. What interests the man mst?
A. Chinese histry. B. Chinese pera. C. Chinese music.
11. Why des the man learn Chinese petry and nvels?
A. T develp a new interest.
B. T take part in a cmpetitin.
C. T get a better understanding.
12. What impresses the man abut Chinese literature?
A. Imaginatin. B. Language. C. Develpment.
听第9段材料，回答第13 至 16题。
13. Hw des the man feel abut playing a game?
A. Stressed. B. Curius. C. Relaxed.
14. What sprt des the wman mst like t watch?
A. Ftball. B. Basketball. C. Ice hckey.
15. What des the man advise the wman t d?
A. D sme sprts. B. Watch mre matches. C. Make new friends.
16. Why des the man suggest jining a gym?
A. It is easier t start. B. It needs mre skills. C. It is cmpetitive.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker mst prbably?
A. A dctr. B. An engineer. C. A guide.
18. What feels pain if ne has a headache?
A. The muscle. B. The bld. C. The brain.
19. Hw much f the energy des the brain ften need t supprt a kid’s grwth?
A. Abut 3%. B. Less than 30%. C. Nearly 50%.
20. Why can sme blind peple “see” thrugh their ears?
A. Their brain can change eyes int ears.
B. Their brain can rewire itself fr sunds.
C. Their brain can help ears t get simple images.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Spain is a cuntry that cntinues t surprise and let us tell yu it’s nt all sunbathing and shpping! We’re utlining ur tp 3 reasns t discver Spain alng with ur hliday suggestins t help yu make up yur mind.
Stunning scenery
Frm the dramatic, impsing muntains t the cuntless glistening beaches that dt its castlines, Spain is a cuntry full f natural beauty and inspiring landscapes. If breath-taking views and unique scenery captures yur attentin then ur tp suggestin is t experience a hliday t Tenerife where yu can enjy the inspiring its vlcanic views and panramic scenery. The largest f the Canary Islands, just suth f Spain, Tenerife has a rugged, vlcanic landscape as well as ver 200 miles f castline basting a huge variety f flra and fauna.
Beautiful beaches
Did yu knw that Spain has ver 5,000 miles f castline and thusands f beaches? Wherever yu g, yu are never far frm a beach. Frm undiscvered, hidden alcves t ppular turist resrts, there’s a beach fr everyne and with ver 300 days f sunshine each year yu’re guaranteed the weather t enjy them! This beautiful cuntry als has the mst blue flag beaches in the wrld s nw yu’ve n excuse! With thusands f beaches t chse frm, where will yu g?
Fabulus fd
Fr many peple, ne f the highlights f Spain is, f curse, the amazing fd n ffer. The cuntry’s vibrant cities ffer up Michelin-starred restaurants and lively tapas bars, while small-twn cafés and restaurants ffer up traditinal dishes such as paella, seafd stew, and chriz, made with lve frm family recipes.
Spanish cuisine is knwn fr being delicius, healthy, and full f flavur, s there are many unique dishes available that will tempt yur taste buds. If we’ve made yu hungry, then yu shuld take a hliday t Csta Brava, a Spanish fdie destinatin that shuld nt be missed!
1. What is the tp suggestin fr experiencing stunning scenery in Spain?
A. The beaches f Csta Brava.
B. The muntains in the nrthern regin.
C. A hliday t Tenerife.
D. The hidden alcves alng the castline.
2. Which f the fllwing is NOT the specialty in Spain?
A. Cnventinal cuisines and trendy bars.
B. Vlcanic views and cuntless castlines.
C. Sufficient sunshine and striking beaches.
D. Marine creatures and muthwatering seafd.
3. What purpse des the authr write the passage fr?
A. T infrm.B. T reprt.C. T review.D. T entertain.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了去西班牙旅行的三个理由。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“If breath-taking views and unique scenery captures yur attentin then ur tp suggestin is t experience a hliday t Tenerife where yu can enjy the inspiring its vlcanic views and panramic scenery.(如果令人屏息的美景和独特的风景能吸引您的注意，那么我们的顶级推荐是去体验一次特内里费岛的假期，在那里您可以欣赏到令人振奋的火山景观和全景风光。)”可知，在西班牙欣赏壮丽风景的最佳建议是前往特内里费度假，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Fr many peple, ne f the highlights f Spain is, f curse, the amazing fd n ffer. The cuntry’s vibrant cities ffer up Michelin-starred restaurants and lively tapas bars, while small-twn cafés and restaurants ffer up traditinal dishes such as paella, seafd stew, and chriz, made with lve frm family recipes.(对许多人来说，西班牙的亮点之一当然是提供的令人惊叹的食物。这个国家充满活力的城市提供米其林星级餐厅和热闹的小吃吧，而小城镇的咖啡馆和餐馆提供传统的菜肴，如海鲜饭，海鲜炖菜和西班牙辣香肠，用家庭食谱的爱制作)”及上文内容可知，文章提到了海鲜，但是没有提到海洋生物是西班牙的特产。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Spain is a cuntry that cntinues t surprise and let us tell yu it’s nt all sunbathing and shpping! We’re utlining ur tp 3 reasns t discver Spain alng with ur hliday suggestins t help yu make up yur mind(西班牙是一个不断带来惊喜的国家，让我们告诉你，这里不仅仅是晒太阳和购物！我们将列出发现西班牙的前三个理由，并提供我们的假期建议，帮助你做出决定)”可知本文介绍了去西班牙旅行的三个理由，可推理出本文的写作目的是要告知读者关于西班牙旅行的信息，故选A。
B
Cllege prfessrs these days face an ever-higher bar t grab the attentin f their students, frced t cmpete with the stimuli f smartphnes and laptps in large lecture halls. But when yur prfessr is a scial media star, it’s a little bit easier.
Tatiana Erukhimva, wh teaches physics at Texas A&M University, has managed t get her students, as well as future generatins, excited abut the science. Knwn as “Dr. Tatiana” t her students and nline fan base, the prfessr perfrms physics tricks with bundless energy and enthusiasm. Vides f her theatrical demnstratins have racked up hundreds f millins f views acrss TikTk and ther scial media platfrms.
In the kid-friendly vides, Erukhimva uses a range f everyday bjects in her experiments, frm pingpng balls and tilet paper t marshmallws, bicycle wheels and hair dryers. She credits the university marketing team’s vides f her lessns fr her scial media success. “This is just ne f ur ways t cnnect with peple t make physics accessible t peple,” she tells NPR. As part f the physics department’s extensive utreach prgram, she als puts n shws almst every week teaching physics t K-12 students. “The sner kids are taught physics and taught it well, the better,” she says.
It’s clear she knws what it takes t get yung peple excited abut a hard science. But it wasn’t always that way. When she first started teaching cllege freshman classes almst tw decades ag, she says she struggled t grab the attentin f her yunger students. She was used t teaching junirs, as she had fr a few years prir t that. But when it cmes t teaching a large lecture hall f 100-plus first-year students, first impressins are make r break.
“I did nt grab their attentin n the first day — that was my mistake,” she says. “I missed this pprtunity t bnd with them frm the very beginning, and then it tk me a while t find my vice.”
By the secnd semester, she fund her fting, tweaking her apprach t make her lecture halls feel smaller, and get her students engaged. The key, she says, has been t make herself apprachable and her instructin persnal.
4. What is the main challenge faced by cllege prfessrs in large lecture halls?
A. Cmpetitin with smartphnes and laptps.
B. Limited resurces fr·teaching materials.
C. Inadequate supprt frm the university.
D. Lack f interest frm students.
5. What rle des the university marketing team play in Tatiana Erukhimva’s scial media success?
A. Encuraging students t use scial media.
B Creating TikTk accunts fr prfessrs.
C. Prducing vides f her physics lessns.
D. Prmting weekly teaching prgram.
6. What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Erukhimva’s junir students in Paragraph 4?
A. T review her teaching plans.
B. T shw an applicatin f her idea.
C. T highlight the differences f teaching.
D T erase dubts abut her appraches.
7. What lessn did Tatiana Erukhimva learn when she initially started teaching cllege freshman?
A. The imprtance f establishing a persnal cnnectin with students.
B. The significance f fcusing n junir-level students.
C. The effectiveness f traditinal teaching methds.
D. The need fr advanced teaching materials.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了大学物理教授Tatiana Enukhimva通过社交媒体激发学生对科学的热情，强调教学的亲和力与个性化。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Cllege prfessrs these days face an ever-higher bar t grab the attentin f their students, frced t cmpete with the stimuli f smartphnes and laptps in large lecture halls. (如今，大学教授在吸引学生注意力方面面临着越来越高的门槛，他们被迫在大型演讲厅与智能手机和笔记本电脑的刺激竞争。)”可知，大学教授在大型演讲厅面临的主要挑战是与智能手机和笔记本电脑的竞争。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“She credits the university marketing team’s vides f her lessns fr her scial media success. (她将自己在社交媒体上的成功归功于大学营销团队的课程视频。)”可知，她把她社交媒体的成功归功于大学营销团队对于她课程视频的录制。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“It’s clear she knws what it takes t get yung peple excited abut a hard science. But it wasn’t always that way. When she first started teaching cllege freshman classes almst tw decades ag, she says she struggled t grab the attentin f her yunger students. She was used t teaching junirs, as she had fr a few years prir t that. But when it cmes t teaching a large lecture hall f 100-plus first-year students, first impressins are make r break. (很明显，她知道如何让年轻人对一门困难的科学感到兴奋。但事实并非总是如此。她说，大约20年前，当她第一次开始教授大学新生时，她很难吸引年轻学生的注意力。在那之前的几年里，她一直习惯于教大三学生。但当谈到在一个由100多名一年级学生组成的大型演讲厅教学时，第一印象是成败攸关的。)”可推知，作者在第四段中提到Erukhimva的低年级学生的目的是突出教学的差异。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“I missed this pprtunity t bnd with them frm the very beginning and then it tk me a while t find my vice. (我从一开始就错过了与他们建立联系的机会，后来我花了一段时间才找到自己的声音。)”可推知，Tatiana Erukhimva刚开始教大学新生时，她学到了与学生建立个人联系的重要性。故选A。
C
The il and gas industry may be emitting abut three-times the amunt f climate-warming methane than gvernment estimates shw, accrding t a new study frm Stanfrd University, Lawrence Berkeley Natinal Labratry and ther rganizatins in Nature. Methane (甲烷) is the main cmpnent f natural gas and amng the greenhuse gases heating the planet, which is prduced when extracting crude il.
Specific measurements varied frm a lw f less than 1%, r abut what the Envirnmental Prtectin Agency estimates, at a site in Pennsylvania t a high f nearly 10% in New Mexic. Researchers fund the higher percentages f methane released generally had smething in cmmn. “These are places where prductin is mstly fcusing n il,” says Evan Sherwin, a research scientist at Lawrence Berkeley Natinal Labratry wh cnducted the research as a pstdctral researcher at Stanfrd University. But il and gas ften cme ut f the grund tgether, and if there wasn’t a way t transprt the less-valuable gas t where it culd be sld, leaks were higher.
In Pennsylvania, by cntrast, drillers are fcused n prducing natural gas, and there, very little f the methane was wasted. That cmplicates an argument many in the industry have made, generally in ppsitin t tighter gvernment regulatins n methane. They say drillers have the incentive t capture gas leaks s they can sell the fssil fuel. But that’s nt always pssible, if industry hasn’t built the pipelines and ther infrastructure t get the gas t cnsumers. In this study, researchers estimate the industry releases abut 6.2 millin tns f methane a year, valued at $1.08 billin.
“Emissins f methane frm fssil fuel peratins remain unacceptably high,” said Tim Guld, chief ecnmist at the Internatinal Energy Agency, during a Tuesday call with reprters. The rganizatin’s Glbal Methane Tracker shws methane frm the energy sectr was near the recrd high level in 2023.
Despite that, the IEA cncludes that if cuntries fully implement existing pledges n methane reductins, that wuld make significant prgress tward achieving glbal climate gals. “2024 culd mark a turning pint and plicies are starting t be put int place. Greater transparency is cming. Awareness is spreading and we have enhanced ability t track large leaks and act quickly t shut them dwn,” Guld said. Guld said he hpes t have gd news t share, abut a reductin in methane emissins, next year.
8. What can we infer frm paragraph 2?
A. Varius measures are taken t restrict the release f methane.
B. The lw value f the gas in part leads t the high leak f the methane.
C. The mre fcused n the prductin f the gas, the higher the methane release
D. The percentage f methane in develping cuntries is higher than in develped cuntries
9. What des the underlined wrd “incentive” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Equipment.B. Prductivity.C. Drive.D. Assessment.
10. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Cautin: Methane emissin gives rise t serius glbal warming.
B. Methane emissins: Oil and gas industry’s hidden impact.
C. Measures taken t cut back n methane emissins.
D. Methane is t blame fr the climate change.
11. What is Tim Guld’s attitude tward emissins f methane at present?
A. Critical.B. Dismissive.C. Dubtful.D. Optimistic.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了甲烷气体的泄露及采取应对措施的迫切性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“But il and gas ften cme ut f the grund tgether, and if there wasn’t a way t transprt the less-valuable gas t where it culd be sld, leaks were higher. (但石油和天然气往往是一起开采出来的，如果没有办法将价值较低的天然气运输到可以出售的地方，泄漏就会更高)”可知，天然气的低价值导致甲烷的高泄漏。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“That cmplicates an argument many in the industry have made, generally in ppsitin t tighter gvernment regulatins n methane. They say drillers have the incentive t capture gas leaks s they can sell the fssil fuel. But that’s nt always pssible, if industry hasn’t built the pipelines and ther infrastructure t get the gas t cnsumers. (这使许多业内人士提出的论点变得复杂，他们普遍反对政府对甲烷的更严格监管。他们说，钻井商有incentive捕获天然气泄漏，以便出售化石燃料。但如果工业界没有建造管道和其他基础设施将天然气输送给消费者，这并不总是可能的)”可知，如果政府监管不那么严格的话，钻井商可以出售化石燃料来卖钱，所以他们是有动机来捕获天然气泄漏的。所以，incentive的意思应该是“动机”，和选项C意思一致。故选C。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The il and gas industry may be emitting abut three-times the amunt f climate-warming methane than gvernment estimates shw, accrding t a new study frm Stanfrd University, Lawrence Berkeley Natinal Labratry and ther rganizatins in Nature. (根据斯坦福大学、劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室和《自然》杂志其他组织的一项新研究，石油和天然气行业排放的甲烷量可能是政府估计的气候变暖甲烷量的三倍)”和第二段“But il and gas ften cme ut f the grund tgether, and if there wasn’t a way t transprt the less-valuable gas t where it culd be sld, leaks were higher. (但石油和天然气往往是一起开采出来的，如果没有办法将价值较低的天然气运输到可以出售的地方，泄漏就会更高)”可知，文章主要讲述的是石油和天然气的开采带来的甲烷泄露问题，所以“甲烷排放：石油和天然气行业的隐性影响。”适合作为文章标题。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““2024 culd mark a turning pint and plicies are starting t be put int place. Greater transparency is cming. Awareness is spreading and we have enhanced ability t track large leaks and act quickly t shut them dwn,” Guld said. Guld said he hpes t have gd news t share, abut a reductin in methane emissins, next year. (古尔德说：“2024年可能标志着一个转折点，政策开始实施。更大的透明度即将到来。人们的意识正在传播，我们已经增强了追踪大规模泄漏并迅速采取行动关闭泄漏的能力。”。古尔德说，他希望明年能分享减少甲烷排放的好消息)”可知，Tim Guld对甲烷排放问题是持乐观态度的。故选D。
D
Crssing paths with a wild bar (野猪) can pse fear and jy in equal measure. Despite 700 years f extinctin in Britain, the species’ wn tenacity and illegal releases frm the 1980s have nw led t several ppulatins emerging. Hwever, with impacts n bth peple and the cuntryside, their right t exist in Britain is heavily debated.
Hwever, the bar’s habitat-regenerating actins that benefit ther wildlife, even if they are unlved by many. The few bar in England are threatened again by paching and culling. Why is mre nt being dne t prevent their re-extinctin?
Naturalist, writer and science cmmunicatr Chantal Lyns addresses all these cmplex issues and explains what it might take fr us t cexist with wild bar in her new bk, Grundbreakers: The Return f Britain’s Wild Bar. In this extract, she explains the histry f the wild bar in Britain.
Mst f the last millennium was nt kind t the wild bar f Eurpe. But they endured when s many ther large animals did nt, and their star is ascendant nce mre. Their ppulatin status is rated as “Least Cncern” by the Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature (IUCN), which reprts that the species nw has ne f the vastest gegraphical distributins f all land animals, partly thanks t humans.
And s, with hindsight, the return f wild bar t Britain was inevitable. If nt intentinal. There’d been mutterings amng envirnmentalists fr decades that the species shuld be reintrduced. The market gt a taste fr them.
Mre farms sprung up, buying in animals frm the Cntinent, where they had never been extinct and the farming f them was already lng established. By the early 1990s there were 40 registered breeders in the UK.
Despite thusands f years f trying, ne f the qualities that has prven mst challenging t breed ut f the farmed pig is escaplgy. Life, as a certain fictinal mathematician nce said, finds a way. Our wdlands had been waiting fr nearly 700 years. Answering whatever call was sunding in their brains, wild bar began t escape frm the farms. Or, in sme cases, seem t have been variusly helped ut by strm damage, animal rights activists, hard-up wners and shters. Each freed individual was a spark. Smething new, smething ht and bright with ptential. Nt all thse sparks tk. But enugh did.
12. What were the circumstances that led t the return f wild bars t Britain?
A. The rle f the farmed pigs in the ecsystem.
B. Intrductin al reintrductin effrts by envirnmentalists.
C. Capitalistic influence and the market demand fr bar meat.
D. Strict enfrcement f the Dangerus Wild Animals Act f 1976.
13. Hw did varius factrs cntribute t the release f bars int the wdlands?
A. Escaplgy challenge in farmed pigs and the impact n the market.
B. Animal rights activists’ effrts in facilitating bar release.
C. The influence f the farmed pigs n the behavir f wild bars.
D. Strm damage and its rle in releasing bars.
14. Hw did Chantal Lyns explain the histrical cntext f wild bars in Britain?
A. The negative impact f capitalism n wild bar habitats.
B. The rle f the farmed pigs in the resurgence f wild bars.
C. The need fr stricter enfrcement f wildlife prtectin laws.
D. The inevitability f wild bar reintrductin thrugh human influence.
15. What des the authr imply abut the freed individuals amng the wild bars?
A. They were all successful in establishing new habitats.
B. Each f them cntributed t the decline f the wild bar ppulatin.
C. The sparks symblize the challenges faced by the wild bars in the wdlands.
D. Sme f them adapted t their new envirnment, causing the resurgence f the bars.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了野猪在英国的现状和历史。虽然在英国已经灭绝了700年，但由于非法释放和栖息地重建行动，野猪种群再次出现，引发了人民和农村的争议。博物学家Chantal Lyns在她的新书中解释了与野猪共存的复杂问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Their ppulatin status is rated as “Least Cncern” by the Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature (IUCN), which reprts that the species nw has ne f the vastest gegraphical distributins f all land animals, partly thanks t humans. (它们的种群状况被国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）评为“最不受关注”，该联盟报告称，该物种现在是所有陆地动物中地理分布最广泛的物种之一，这在一定程度上要归功于人类。)”和第五段“And s, with hindsight, the return f wild bar t Britain was inevitable. If nt intentinal. There’d been mutterings amng envirnmentalists fr decades that the species shuld be reintrduced. The market gt a taste fr them. (因此，事后看来，野猪回归英国是不可避免的。如果不是故意的。几十年来，环保主义者一直在嘀咕着应该重新引入该物种。市场已经尝到了它们的味道。)”可知，资本主义的影响和市场对野猪肉的需求导致野猪返回英国。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Despite thusands f years f trying, ne f the qualities that has prven mst challenging t breed ut f the farmed pig is escaplgy. Life, as a certain fictinal mathematician nce said, finds a way. Our wdlands had been waiting fr nearly 700 years. Answering whatever call was sunding in their brains, wild bar began t escape frm the farms. Or, in sme cases, seem t have been variusly helped ut by strm damage, animal rights activists, hard-up wners and shters. (尽管经过数千年的尝试，养殖猪最具挑战性的品质之一是逃脱术。正如某位虚构的数学家曾经说过的那样，生活会找到一条路。我们的林地已经等了将近700年。无论它们脑子里响起什么样的叫声，野猪都开始逃离农场。)”和第五段中“There’d been mutterings amng envirnmentalists fr decades that the species shuld be reintrduced. The market gt a taste fr them. (几十年来，环保主义者一直在嘀咕着应该重新引入该物种。市场已经尝到了它们的味道。)”可知，养殖猪的逃脱术导致的挑战，及其对市场的影响导致野猪被释放到林地。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Their ppulatin status is rated as “Least Cncern” by the Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature (IUCN), which reprts that the species nw has ne f the vastest gegraphical distributins f all land animals, partly thanks t humans. (它们的种群状况被国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）评为“最不受关注”，该联盟报告称，该物种现在是所有陆地动物中地理分布最广泛的物种之一，这在一定程度上要归功于人类。)”和第五段“And s, with hindsight, the return f wild bar t Britain was inevitable. (因此，事后看来，野猪回归英国是不可避免的。)”可知，由于人类的影响，野猪的重新引入是必然的。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Each freed individual was a spark. Smething new, smething ht and bright with ptential. Nt all thse sparks tk. But enugh did. (每一个自由的个体都是一个火花，一种新的东西，一种有潜力的炽热和光明的东西。并不是所有的火花都擦出来了。但已经够了。)”可知，作者通过把渴望被释放的野猪比作自由的火花，说明这些野猪中的一些被释放出来，适应了新环境，导致了这一种群的复兴。故选D。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t manage sleep anxiety
Aside frm the main symptm f nt being able t fall asleep, r cnstantly waking up thrughut the night, sleep anxiety has very similar symptms t general anxiety disrders. ___16___ Sleep deprivatin can have a huge impact n yur health and wellbeing, and sleep anxiety can make it difficult, even impssible, t have get a gd night’s sleep. Studies have shwn that singular stressful events, like taking an exam, have little impact n yur crtisl levels and they sn return t nrmal. ___17___ This suggests that a night f tssing and turning the day befre a jb interview might be a ne ff, but facing stress every day — like being stressed abut lack f sleep — has a significant impact n yur sleep cycle.
The first step is t identify what’s causing yur lack f sleep. Is it stress at wrk, r in yur relatinship? Is it past injury? Is it bad dreams making yu want t put ff sleeping s they dn’t keep recurring? Try t understand why yu find it a struggle t sleep. ___18___
If nightmares and sleep paralysis are stpping yu frm sleeping, yu might think there’s nthing yu can d t calm yur subcnscius — but there are things yu can try that can make yur dreams mre psitive. ___19___ Studies have shwn that peple with a better “peace f mind” have mre psitive dreams, whereas symptms f anxiety related t negative dreams. Cgnitive behaviural therapy, CBT, teaches yu t change the way yu think in rder t change yur behaviur. It culd help yu understand hw sleep anxiety is affecting yur bdy and brain, avid things that trigger yur anxiety and make sleep impssible, and help change the negative way yu view sleep.
Smetimes, less is mre, and perhaps trying t hard t frce yurself t sleep with a 20-step bedtime rutine culd be adding t the pressure and anxiety yu’re feeling, and have the ppsite affect that yu want. ___20___ If yu usually try t sleep in a warm rm with a ht water bttle, try lwering the temperature. Sleeping in a clder rm prevents crtisl levels rising, and helps yur bdy release melatnin instead, which helps yu sleep — this is why it’s ften s difficult t sleep during a heatwave.
A. These can be listed as fllws.
B. If It’s nt wrking, it’s time t try smething new.
C. Take a cmfrtable sleeping psitin, ideally n yur back.
D. This can help yu deal with the anxiety surrunding it and then end the hatred cycle.
E. Hwever, chrnic stress and anxiety can make the increase in the hrmne last a lng time.
F. Try sme mindful techniques as part f yur bedtime rutine as well as thrughut the day.
G. These include a cntinual feeling f unease, increased heart rate, sweating, and tensed muscles.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了缓解睡眠焦虑的四种方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Aside frm the main symptm f nt being able t fall asleep, r cnstantly waking up thrughut the night, sleep anxiety has very similar symptms t general anxiety disrders. (除了无法入睡或整晚不断醒来的主要症状外，睡眠焦虑与一般焦虑症的症状非常相似)”可知，接下来需要介绍这些症状是什么样的。选项G“这些症状包括持续的不安感、心率加快、出汗和肌肉紧张。”和上文意思一致，符合题意。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据下文“This suggests that a night f tssing and turning the day befre a jb interview might be a ne ff, but facing stress every day — like being stressed abut lack f sleep — has a significant impact n yur sleep cycle. (这表明，在面试前一天晚上辗转反侧可能是一种解脱，但每天面对压力——比如睡眠不足带来的压力——会对你的睡眠周期产生重大影响)”可知，这里介绍长期处于高压之下会对你的睡眠周期产生重大影响。选项E“然而，长期的压力和焦虑会使荷尔蒙的增加持续很长时间。”引出下文，符合题意。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“The first step is t identify what’s causing yur lack f sleep. Is it stress at wrk, r in yur relatinship? Is it past injury? Is it bad dreams making yu want t put ff sleeping s they dn’t keep recurring? Try t understand why yu find it a struggle t sleep. (第一步是找出导致你睡眠不足的原因。这是工作中的压力，还是你们关系中的压力？是过去的伤病吗？是噩梦让你想推迟睡觉，这样它们就不会不断出现吗？试着去理解为什么你觉得难以入睡)”可知，这里建议要弄明白你觉得难以入睡的原因。选项D“这可以帮助你处理围绕它的焦虑，然后结束仇恨循环。”承接上文，说明这样做的作用，符合题意。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“If nightmares and sleep paralysis are stpping yu frm sleeping, yu might think there’s nthing yu can d t calm yur subcnscius — but there are things yu can try that can make yur dreams mre psitive. (如果噩梦和睡眠瘫痪让你无法入睡，你可能会认为你无法平静你的潜意识——但你可以尝试一些事情，让你的梦想变得更加积极)”可知，这里建议尝试一些事情，让你的梦想变得更加积极。选项F“试着把一些有意识的技巧作为你就寝时间的一部分，也可以贯穿一天。”进一步介绍这种方法的益处，符合题意。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据下文“If yu usually try t sleep in a warm rm with a ht water bttle, try lwering the temperature. Sleeping in a clder rm prevents crtisl levels rising, and helps yur bdy release melatnin instead, which helps yu sleep — this is why it’s ften s difficult t sleep during a heatwave. (如果你通常试着睡在温暖的房间里，拿着热水瓶，试着降低温度)”可知，这里建议如果一个方法不起作用，要尝试新的方法。选项B“如果不起作用，是时候尝试新的东西了。”引出下文，符合题意。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently, vide clips f Zhang Jianna, a sanitatin (环卫) wrker, directing freigners have gne viral nline. Her ____21____ English and cnfident ____22____ in the clips have deeply impressed the viewers, ____23____ curisity abut hw an rdinary-lking sanitatin wrker ____24____ such impressive English skills.
Behind the sensatin ____25____ a decade-lng jurney f persistence. In 2012, Zhang Jianna tk n the rle f a sanitatin wrker in the embassy area f Sanlitun in Beijing’s Chayang district. A special ____26____ while wrking has mtivated Zhang t learn English by herself, a pursuit she cntinues with determinatin t this day.
“My gal is quite simple. I just want t help whenever smene is in need, whether asking fr directins, inquiring abut visa ____27____, r telling them abut the embassy area I am respnsible fr,” said Zhang.
Thus, at the age f 40, Zhang has embarked n a persnal ____28____. Withut a tutr, she began learning English frm her children’s textbks, starting with basic wrds and phrases cmmnly used fr giving ____29____.
With n fixed study hurs, she utilized every _____30_____ mment. While thers rested, she memrized vcabulary and practiced speaking. Upn arriving hme after wrk, she wuld write dwn new knwledge pints and _____31_____ them until she thrughly understd them. Over the years, she filled ver a dzen ntebks with her ntes. Her _____32_____ psed her biggest challenge. “_____33_____ is key t learning English. Learn step by step, learn every day,” Zhang said.
When asked abut the greatest _____34_____ f learning English, Zhang emphasizes self-cnfidence. “Grwing up in a rural area withut a cllege educatin, I smetimes feared being lked dwn upn. But every time I help a _____35_____ in English, I feel incredibly accmplished.”
21. A. self-taughtB. fluentC. acceptableD. brken
22. A. prtrayalB. figureC. featureD. accent
23. A. fuelingB. arisingC. enrichedD. fulfilled
24. A. appliedB. defeatedC. recgnizedD. acquired
25. A. setB. liesC. findsD. psed
26. A. treatB. experimentC. encunterD. substance
27. A. cardsB. prceduresC. adaptatinD. exchange
28. A. trackB. scheduleC. jurneyD. challenge
29. A. directinsB. permissinC. perfrmanceD. interpretatin
30. A. dietingB. exercisingC. spareD. verwrk
31. A. distinguishB. calculateC. cnsultD. review
32. A. memryB. strategiesC. healthD. lneliness
33. A. AmbitinB. PerseveranceC. RecitatinD. Encuragement
34. A. struggleB. mtivatinC. attractinD. reward
35. A. basterB. hmelessnessC. passer-byD. sick
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了环卫工人张建娜通过自学英语，成功掌握了流利的口语技能，并在工作中为外国人提供帮助的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近，环卫工人张建娜为外国人指路的视频片段在网上走红。视频中她流利的英语和自信的表现给观众们留下了深刻印象，也激发了人们对这位相貌平平的环卫工人是如何掌握如此出色的英语技能的好奇心。A. self-taught自修的；B. fluent流畅的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. brken破损的。根据上文“Recently, vide clips f Zhang Jianna, a sanitatin (环卫) wrker, directing freigners have gne viral nline(最近，环卫工人张建娜指挥外国人的视频片段在网上走红)”以及下文“English(英语)”可推理出空白处应填表示对张建娜的英语做积极评价的表达，分析选项，B项“fluent流畅的”表达的含义符合语境，故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. prtrayal画像；B. figure数字；C. feature特征；D. accent口音。根据上文“cnfident(自信的)”以及下文“have deeply impressed the viewers(给观众们留下了深刻印象)”可推理出此处说的是张建娜的自信的特征，故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. fueling激起；B. arising出现；C. enriched充实；D. fulfilled履行。根据下文“curisity abut hw an rdinary-lking sanitatin wrker… such impressive English skills(人们对这位相貌平平的环卫工人是如何……如此出色的英语技能的好奇心)”可推理出，此处说的是张建娜在视频中的流利的英语和自信激发了人们的好奇心，故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. applied申请；B. defeated击败；C. recgnized认出；D. acquired获得。根据下文“such impressive English skills(如此出色的英语技能)”可推理出空白处应填表示“获得”含义的动词，故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这份引人注目的成就背后，是张建娜长达十年的坚持之路。A. set安置；B. lies存在；在于；C. finds发现；D. psed使摆姿势。根据下文“a decade-lng jurney f persistence(长达十年的坚持之路)”可知下文说的是上文的原因，故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：工作中一次特殊的经历激励了张建娜自学英语，至今她仍坚定地追求着这个梦想。A. treat乐趣；B. experiment实验；C. encunter偶遇；D. substance物质。根据上文“special(特殊的)”以及下文“while wrking has mtivated Zhang t learn English by herself(工作中的……激励了张建娜自学英语)”可推理出此处说的是一次偶然的邂逅激励了张建娜自学英语，故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的目标其实很简单，就是每当有人需要帮助时，无论是问路、咨询签证手续，还是向他们介绍我负责的大使馆区域，我都会尽力帮忙。A. cards卡片；B. prcedures手续；C. adaptatin适应；D. exchange交换。根据上文“inquiring abut visa, r telling them abut the embassy area I am respnsible fr (询问有关护照……，或者告诉他们有关我负责的使馆区域)”可推理出此处说的是询问有关护照手续，故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，40岁的张建娜开启了个人的挑战之旅。A. track跑道；B. schedule工作计划；C. jurney旅行；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“Withut a tutr, she began learning English frm her children’s textbks, starting with basic wrds and phrases cmmnly used fr(没有老师，她从孩子的课本开始学习英语，从常用的用于……的基本单词和短语开始)”可知此处说的是张建娜在没有老师的情况下，自学英语，可推理出这是对她的挑战，故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，40岁的张建娜开启了个人的挑战之旅。没有老师，她从孩子的课本开始学习英语，从用于指路的常用基本单词和短语开始学起。A. directins方向；B. permissin准许；C. perfrmance表演；D. interpretatin解释。根据上文“I just want t help whenever smene is in need, whether asking fr directins(我只是想在有人需要帮助的时候尽一份力，无论是问路还是……)”以及“Recently, vide clips f Zhang Jianna, a sanitatin (环卫) wrker, directing freigners have gne viral nline(最近，环卫工人张建娜指挥外国人的视频片段在网上走红)”可知张建娜是一名清洁工，清洁工要经常为人们指路，再根据上文“basic wrds and phrases(基本单词和短语)”可推理出空白处应填表示“方向”含义的名词，故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词/名词词义辨析。句意：由于没有固定的学习时间，她利用了一切空闲时间。A. dieting节食；B. exercising锻炼；C. spare空闲的；D. verwrk过度工作。根据下文“While thers rested, she memrized vcabulary and practiced speaking(当别人休息的时候，她却在背单词和练习口语)”可知此处上下文说的是张建娜利用空闲时间学习英语，故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下班后回到家，她会把新学到的知识点写下来，反复复习，直到完全理解。A. distinguish区分；B. calculate计算；C. cnsult咨询；D. review复习。根据下文“until she thrughly understd them(直到完全理解)”可推理出此处说的是反复复习，直到完全理解，故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的记忆力是她面临的最大挑战。A. memry记忆；B. strategies策略；C. health健康；D. lneliness孤独。根据上文“Over the years, she filled ver a dzen ntebks with her ntes(多年来，她记了十几本笔记)”以及下文“psed her biggest challenge(是她面临的最大挑战)”可知，她记了十几本笔记是因为记忆不好，可推理出此处说的是她的记忆是她面对的最大挑战，故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：学习英语贵在坚持。A. Ambitin雄心；B. Perseverance毅力；C. Recitatin朗诵；D. Encuragement鼓励。根据下文“Learn step by step, learn every day(循序渐进，日积月累)”可推理出此处说的是学习英语贵在每天坚持，故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被问及学习英语最大回报时，张建娜强调了自信。A. struggle奋斗；B. mtivatin动力；C. attractin吸引力；D. reward回报。根据下文“self-cnfidence(自信)”可推理出此处说的是学习英语的回报，故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但每次我用英语帮助路人时，我都感到无比有成就感。A. baster自夸的人；B. hmelessness无家可归；C. passer-by过路人；D. sick病人。根据上文“My gal is quite simple. I just want t help whenever smene is in need, whether asking fr directins, inquiring abut(我的目标很简单。我只是想在有人需要帮助的时候尽一份力，无论是问路、咨询，还是告诉他们关于……)”可推理出张建娜为过路人指路，故选C项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese Lng Year, als knwn as the Spring Festival r Lunar New Year, is a vibrant and festive celebratin ___36___ (mark) the beginning f the lunar calendar. This annual event is deeply ___37___ (rt) in Chinese culture, symblizing renewal, family reunins, and guiding in f gd frtune.
The festivities typically span 15 days, ___38___ clrful parades, dragn and lin dances, and dazzling firewrks shining the streets. Families cme tgether fr plentiful feasts, exchanging gifts, and paying ___39___ (respect) t ancestrs. The air is filled with the sunds f jyus laughter and traditinal music.
One f the ___40___ (much) icnic features f Chinese New Year is the red decratins brightening hmes and streets. Red symblizes gd luck and ___41___ (prsper) in Chinese culture. Peple als participate in the traditin f giving and receiving red envelpes cntaining lucky mney, knwn as “hngba,” as ___42___ gesture f gd wish and well-being.
As the Year f the Dragn, Lng Year is particularly auspicius, believed t bring strength, vitality, and success. Peple acrss the glbe jin in the festivities, creating a sense f unity and ___43___ (share) celebratin.
Chinese Lng Year is a time-hnred traditin that ___44___ (exceed) brders emphasizing the imprtance f family, cultural heritage, ____45____ the hpeful anticipatin f a prsperus year ahead.
【答案】36. marking
37. rted 38. with
39. respects
40. mst 41. prsperity
42. a 43. shared
44. exceeds
45. and
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国龙年的历史文化内涵。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国龙年，也被称为春节或农历新年，是一个充满活力和节日的庆祝活动，标志着农历的开始。分析句子结构可知mark与逻辑主语Chinese Lng Year构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填marking。
【37题详解】
考查语态。句意：这个一年一度的节日深深植根于中国文化，象征着新生、家庭团聚和好运的到来。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文is可知为一般现在时的被动语态。故填rted。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：庆祝活动通常持续15天，有五彩缤纷的游行，舞龙舞狮，以及耀眼的烟花照亮街道。后跟名词作宾语，作伴随状语，应用介词with。故填with。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：家人聚在一起享用丰盛的盛宴，交换礼物，并向祖先致敬。短语pay respects t表示“向……致敬”。故填respects。
【40题详解】
考查最高级。句意：中国新年最具标志性的特征之一就是家家户户和街道上的红色装饰。根据上文定冠词以及句意可知为最高级，应用mst。故填mst。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：在中国文化中，红色象征着好运和繁荣。作动词的宾语，应用名词prsperity，不可数。故填prsperity。
42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：人们也有发红包和收红包的传统，里面装着压岁钱，被称为“红包”，象征着美好的愿望和幸福。此处gesture为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：世界各地的人们都参加了庆祝活动，创造了一种团结和共同庆祝的感觉。修饰名词celebratin应用形容词shared。故填shared。
【44题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：中国龙年是一个历史悠久的传统，它超越了国界，强调家庭、文化遗产的重要性，并对来年的繁荣充满希望。根据上文is可知为一般现在时，定语从句谓语与先行词traditin保持一致，用三单形式。故填exceeds。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：中国龙年是一个历史悠久的传统，它超越了国界，强调家庭、文化遗产的重要性，并对来年的繁荣充满希望。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校计划定于6月 10 日在体育馆举办高三毕业典礼，请写封邮件邀请你校外教 David 参加，内容包括：
1.典礼时间与地点；
2.典礼内容；
3.期待回复。
注意：1.词数80 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear David,
Hw is everything ging? With great excitement and delight, I am writing t invite yu t attend ur graduatin ceremny, which is scheduled t be held at 9:00 am n June 10, 2024 in the schl gym.
There are many significant activities, which will never fail t impress yu. At the beginning, the headmaster will deliver a speech t express his sincere cngratulatins n ur graduatin. After that, t recall ur unfrgettable experiences in high schl, sme elabrate shws will be perfrmed. Besides, dn’t miss the glden mment when we will gather tgether t take phts.
We wuld be particularly hnred by yur distinguished presence at the ceremny and we are lking frward t yur cming. Please reply t me at yur cnvenience.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校外教 David写封邮件，邀请他参加学校于6月10日在体育馆举办的高三毕业典礼。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜悦：delight →jy
表达：express →cnvey
此外：besides → what’s mre
特别：particularly →in particular
2.句式拓展
句式转换
原句：With great excitement and delight, I am writing t invite yu t attend ur graduatin ceremny, which is scheduled t be held at 9:00 am n June 10, 2024 in the schl gym.
拓展句：With great excitement and delight, I am writing t invite yu t attend ur graduatin ceremny, scheduled t be held at 9:00 am n June 10, 2024 in the schl gym.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There are many significant activities, which will never fail t impress yu.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】After that, t recall ur unfrgettable experiences in high schl, sme elabrate shws will be perfrmed.（运用了不定式短语作目的状语）
第二节(满分25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Rudi Gnsalves culd barely cntain his excitement as he sped dwnhill. It was the first day f his hliday in the Rmanian ski resrt f Piana Brasv and he was 6,000 feet up ne f its highest muntains, breathing in the cleanest air.
Weather and snw cnditins were perfect. An experienced skier, he tackled the difficult “black” run with ease, knees gently bent t meet the uneven surface f the snw.
Rudi, a part-time yuth wrker frm Epsm Dwns, Surrey, regularly bked a winter hliday with his wife Sue. But Sue was scared f heights and culd nt vercme her sense f frebding as the skiing seasn apprached.
S this time Rudi, a keen sprtsman and fit fr his 57 years, had cme alne.
As he snaked his way dwn the muntain n that March afternn last year, snwflakes began t fall—lightly at first, then mre heavily until the cluds bltted ut the sun entirely, transfrming everything int a ghstly whiteness.
He culd just make ut ther skiers descending the slpes as fast as they culd. I’d better stay clse t them fr safety, he decided. This culd be tricky.
Straining t see ahead, Rudi was nly vaguely aware f a lming utline lumbering up the muntain.
“Did anyne see me fall? Where am I?”
He lked arund him, trying t get his bearings, but in every directin there was nly the same vast whiteness.
Then he tk ut his gld watch, a treasured present frm his wife. It nt nly tld him the time, 1.54pm, it als seemed t give him strength.
It was getting dark when Rudi finally gave up his attempt t scale the muntain and decided t head dwnhill instead. He knew it wuld mean mving away frm the best rute back t his htel, but there seemed t be n alternative.
Despair began t dg Rudi as he faced up t the reality f spending a night in the pen. It was 5.30 pm and the temperature was drpping fast. He began t shiver, his teeth chattering uncntrllably. He felt very alne.
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After three hurs he was very tired, clder than he had ever felt.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He was barely aware f tw hrses drawing a wagn alng the lane twards him.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
After three hurs he was very tired, clder than he had ever felt. Hunger and thirst wre away his stmach. Using a ski as a spade, he spent half an hur scraping away the snw beneath the branch until he reached the drier sil belw. T prtect himself further, he used the disldged snw t build walls fr his new hme. Then he stabbed arund with his ski ple, cllecting fallen branches fr a fire and burning his tw spare hats and all his Rmanian paper mney t kindle the flames. He didn’t dare fall asleep fr fear that he might never wake up. Fr six hurs he sat listening, hping t hear smene calling him r t see sme lights, until, dizzy and exhausted, he cllapsed n t a well-used cuntry lane.
He was barely aware f tw hrses drawing a wagn alng the lane twards him. A weather-beaten driver laded him int the cart and tk him t his farmhuse. There Rudi, drifting in and ut f cnsciusness, felt himself being lifted ut by farm wrkers. But even when smene cut away his ski bts and scks, he culd nt feel his hands r feet. The Rmanians culd see that his tes and fingers were black frm frst-bite. His rescuers revived him with three bwls f milk. “Yu saved my life,” he managed t say, his speech slw and painful. The farmer, wh understd mre English than he culd speak, ndded and grinned, befre driving him t his htel, which was abut 45 miles away. Rudi knew it was mre than luck and a stranger’s kindness that kept him alive thrugh the dilemma.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Rudi Gnsalves在滑雪的时候迷了路，不得不在户外过夜。下午5点半，气温下降得很快。他开始发抖，牙齿控制不住地打颤。他感到非常孤独。正当他感到绝望的时候，一个饱经风霜的车夫发现了他，救了他。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“三个小时后，他感到非常疲倦，感到前所未有的寒冷”可知，第一段可描写Rudi在户外求生的过程以及Rudi的感受。
②由第二段首句内容“他几乎没有意识到两匹马拉着一辆马车沿着小路向他走来”可知，第二段可描写Rudi被农夫搭救，最终回到了酒店。
2.续写线索：感到寒冷——采取措施保护自己——生火保暖——车夫发现Rudi——Rudi被救——Rudi感谢——Rudi感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①建造：build/cnstruct
②保护：prtect/guard
③醒来：wake up /awake
情绪类
①疲惫：exhausted/tired
②失去意识：ut f cnsciusness / uncnscius
点睛】[高分句型1] But even when smene cut away his ski bts and scks, he culd nt feel his hands r feet. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Rudi knew it was mre than luck and a stranger’s kindness that kept him alive thrugh the dilemma. (运用了省略that的宾语从句和强调句)
听力答案：1—5 BACBA 6—10 CBACB 11—15 CBCBA 16—20 ACACB
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