（20-22）三年中考真题英语分项汇编专题30+说明文（含解析）

这是一份（20-22）三年中考真题英语分项汇编专题30+说明文（含解析），共581页。
【2022年】
（一）（2022·新疆·中考真题）
Why did Chinese peple have mre than ne name in ancient times?
In ancient China, peple’s names had three parts, their family name, given name and curtesy name. Take famus pet Li Bai fr example. His family name, which came frm his father’s name, was Li. His given name was Bai, and his curtesy name was Taibai.
Peple used their given names when they were amng family members. But in scial life, they called each ther by their curtesy names t shw respect. This was mstly dne amng peple f similar age. If yu were talking abut yurself, r if yur elders were talking abut yu, the given name wuld be used instead f the curtesy name.
Men wuld get their curtesy names when they turned 20. It was a symbl f adulthd (成年礼). Wmen wuld get their curtesy names after getting married.
One’s curtesy name ften had smething t d with ne’s given name. Fr example, the name f Mencius was Meng Ke. His curtesy name was Ziyu. Bth Ke and Ziyu mean “carriage (马车)”. Zhuge Liang’s given name was Liang, which means “bright”. His curtesy name was Kngming, which means “very bright”.
42．Hw many parts are there in peple’s names in ancient China?
A．3.B．4.C．5.D．6.
43．What des the underlined wrd “curtesy” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?
A．名B．姓氏C．字D．昵称
44．Why did peple call each ther by their curtesy names in scial life?
A．T shw their lve.B．T shw their gd relatinship.
C．T shw their kindness.D．T shw their respect.
45．What wuld be used if yur elders were talking abut yu accrding t the passage?
A．Family name.B．Nickname.C．Given name.D．Curtesy name.
46．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．The famus pet Li Bai.B．Three parts f ancient names.
C．The ancient names and the mdern names.D．The develpment f names.
【答案】42．A
43．C
44．D
45．C
46．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了古代人名字的组成部分以及它所代表的意义。
42．
细节理解题。根据“In ancient China, peple’s names had three parts, their family name, given name and curtesy name”可知，名字有三部分，故选A。
43．
词义猜测题。根据前文“In ancient China, peple’s names had three parts, their family name, given name and curtesy name”可知，三部分包括了姓，名和字，所以curtesy表示“字”，故选C。
44．
细节理解题。根据“But in scial life, they called each ther by their curtesy names t shw respect”可知，他们互相称呼对方的尊称以示尊重，故选D。
45．
细节理解题。根据“r if yur elders were talking abut yu, the given name wuld be used instead f the curtesy name”可知，如果长者谈论你会用名来称呼，故选C。
46．
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了古代人名字的组成部分以及它所代表的意义，故选B。
（二）（2022·安徽·中考真题）
Have yu ever seen lins dancing in the streets? The lins dance t the beat f a drum (鼓). Of curse, they are nt real lins. They are dancers in lin cstumes (服饰). Lin dancing first started in China centuries ag. It is meant t bring gd luck in the cming year.
Usually, a lin is made up f tw dancers. One dancer cntrls the head. The ther cntrls the tail.
“I think f it as a sprt,” says Anthny Huang, aged 16. He is a member f the New Yrk Chinese Freemasns Athletic Club. Anthny perfrms (表演) as the lin’s head. It can weigh 20 punds. Lin dancing is imprtant t Anthny. “This traditin really lifts me up,” he says.
In the past, lin dancing was perfrmed mstly by men. But it is different tday. LinDanceMe is a lin dancing grup in San Francisc, Califrnia. There are bys and girls n its team. They dance tgether.
“Anyne can take up lin dancing. Yu have t believe that yu can d it,” says Ananda Tang-Lee, a 17-year-ld girl.
Lin dancing will cntinue t evlve. But a team’s sense f cmmunity will never change. “We call it a family,” Ananda says, “It’s really great, because we always have each ther’s backs.”
34．Why d peple perfrm lin dancing?
A．T sell lin-dancing cstumes.B．T wish fr a lucky new year.
C．T prtect the lins in the wild.D．T shw skills f playing the drum.
35．Which rle des Anthny play in lin dancing?
A．The lin’s head.B．The lin’s tail.C．The drummer.D．The dresser.
36．What des the underlined wrd “evlve” mean?
A．延期B．模仿C．举办D．演变
37．What can we infer (推断) frm Ananda’s wrds “We call it a family”?
A．They bring happiness t the family.B．They call lin dancing a family game.
C．They live tgether in a big family.D．They supprt each ther like a family.
【答案】34．B
35．A
36．D
37．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了中国的传统舞狮，它在不断地演变，也获得了很多人的喜爱。
34．
细节理解题。根据“ It is meant t bring gd luck in the cming year.”可知舞狮意在来年带来好运。故选B。
35．
细节理解题。根据“Anthny perfrms (表演) as the lin’s head”可知他扮演狮头。故选A。
36．
词义猜测题。根据“In the past, lin dancing was perfrmed mstly by men. But it is different tday”以及“Lin dancing will cntinue t evlve”可知舞狮过去只有男性扮演，现在男性和女性都可以，说明舞狮在不断地演变，故此处划线部分意为“演变”。故选D。
37．
推理判断题。根据“We call it a family,” Ananda says, “It’s really great, because we always have each ther’s backs”可知他们把它叫作家庭，因为他们总是互相支持。故选D。
（三）（2022·安徽·中考真题）
A team f scientists are carrying ut a prject at the University f Greenwich in Lndn. They are trying t find ways t make fd n Mars (火星) in the future. The prject is called Feeding Mars. It tries t use water, fish and fish waste t grw fruit and vegetables n Mars.
It wuld take at least 21 mnths t reach Mars, learn abut its surface and return t Earth. S it wuld be a big help if the spacemen culd grw fresh fd n Mars itself.
Farming n Mars, hwever, will be very hard. There’s plenty f water that culd be taken frm ice just belw the surface, but the land n Mars is missing the nutrients (养分) that living things need. The team say that they culd slve the prblem by grwing plants and fish tgether. Fish waste can then be used t prvide nutrients fr plants.
“It is expected that yu can grw lts f fd, such as vegetables, salads, teas and medicinal plants n Mars,” said Dr Benz Ktzen, wh leads the prject. “Yu can even harvest (捕获) fish fr fd then.”
42．What des the underlined wrd “It” in Paragraph 1 refer t (指的是)?
A．The future.B．The prject.C．The land.D．The planet.
43．What makes it difficult t farm n Mars?
A．Ice belw the surface.B．T much fish waste.
C．The missing f living things.D．The pr land cnditin.
44．Hw des Dr Benz Ktzen feel abut Feeding Mars?
A．Hpeful.B．Dubtful.C．Surprised.D．Funny.
【答案】42．B
43．D
44．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍“喂养火星”这一项目。
42．
推理判断题。根据“The prject is called Feeding Mars. It tries t use water, fish and fish waste t grw fruit and vegetables n Mars.”可知，这个项目被称为“喂养火星”，它试图利用水、鱼和鱼的废物在火星上种植水果和蔬菜。 此处it指的是“喂养火星”这个项目，故选B。
43．
细节理解题。根据“but the land n Mars is missing the nutrients (养分) that living things need”可知，火星上的土地缺少生物所需的营养物质，故选D。
44．
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，本茨·科岑博士认为人们预计可以在火星上种植很多食物，甚至可以捕鱼，所以他认为这个项目是非常有前景和希望的。故选A。
（四）（2022·安徽·中考真题）
The night sky is ur earliest library. There, we stred ur knwledge, and passed it dwn arund the fire, befre we invented the written wrd.
I remember ging t the lcal university fr an astrnmy (天文学) night when I was a child. That night, I saw Saturn, ne f the planets, and its rings with my wn eyes fr the first time. The rings shne bright against the blackness f space and suddenly the universe (宇宙) wasn’t smething that yu nly read abut r imagined in yur head. It was right there, and yu were a part f it. That mment is priceless.
While starlight is gd, light pllutin here n Earth can be a real prblem. Fr the past 200 years r s, we have used t much electricity (电) t make the night brighter. Hwever, brighter desn’t usually mean better, especially when a lt f that light shines up int the sky where n ne needs it.
Luckily, sme cities have taken actins, like setting up new dwnward-directing lights alng the streets. I hpe that mre cities will jin in and cntinue the practice f cntrlling unnecessary lighting, s that mre f us can watch the night sky in a way humans have fr thusands f years.
45．What is the night sky cmpared t?
A．A bk.B．The earth.C．A library.D．The universe.
46．Hw did the writer find the astrnmy night?
A．It pened his eyes.B．It cntrlled his mind.
C．It was a real prblem.D．It tk him t much time.
47．What des the writer hpe fr?
A．A brighter night.B．Less use f lighting.
C．Mre persnal space.D．A better educatin.
【答案】45．C
46．A
47．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了现在夜晚灯光太多，造成了光污染，作者希望人们能够采取行动，减少不必要灯光，减少光污染。
45．
细节理解题。根据“The night sky is ur earliest library”可知作者把夜空比作了图书馆。故选C。
46．
推理判断题。根据“The rings shne bright against the blackness f space and suddenly the universe (宇宙) wasn’t smething that yu nly read abut r imagined in yur head”可知这些光环在黑暗的太空中闪耀着光芒，突然之间，宇宙不再是只能在脑海中阅读或想象的东西，由此可推知那天晚上拓宽了作者的视野。故选A。
47．
细节理解题。根据“I hpe that mre cities will jin in and cntinue the practice f cntrlling unnecessary lighting”可知作者希望更多的城市加入并继续控制不必要的照明。故选B。
（五）（2022·广东广州·中考真题）
When yu and yur friends turn t each ther t talk abut prblems r trubles, yu give each ther advice and help. One imprtant thing f ur grwth is t make decisins t help ur friends and learn t supprt each ther. This requires us t learn what it means t help friends and hw t help them in right ways.
The first step tward helping thers is t identify that they need help. We all knw that difficulties are part f ur daily lives. Hwever, smetimes small things can lead t mre serius prblems that require mre help. It’s imprtant t make sure when t help a friend. Fr example, yu may pick up sme signs that yur friends are nt acting like themselves. These signs shw they may nt be well.
The next step tward helping thers is t listen. Paying attentin t thers while listening is very imprtant thrughut ur life. When we cmmunicate with thers, we need t learn when t speak and when nt t. As listeners, we shuld try t understand what the speakers are feeling r experiencing and try t see things frm their perspectives. Listening and paying attentin t thers when they speak is a sign f respect and a skill that will lead t deeper and better relatinships.
26．What is the purpse f the passage?
A．T discuss why peple help each ther.B．T describe the prblems f giving help.
C．T intrduce the advantages f giving help.D．T explain hw we can help thers prperly.
27．What des the underlined wrd “identify” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Require.B．Discver.C．Suggest.D．Remember.
28．What is the main idea f paragraph 3?
A．Act as a gd listener t yur friends.B．Learn hw t give advice t yur friends.
C．Pay attentin t yur friends’ unusual acts.D．Build gd relatinships with yur friends.
29．Accrding t the writer, what shuld yu d if yur friends dn’t fllw yur advice n their serius prblems?
A．Keep their prblems as secrets.B．Let them make their wn decisins.
C．Find ut the causes f their prblems.D．Get help frm their trusted teachers.
【答案】26．D
27．B
28．A
29．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述用正确的方式帮助朋友的建议。
26．
推理判断题。根据第一段“This requires us t learn what it means t help friends and hw t help them in right ways”可知，文章主要为了讲述帮助朋友意味着什么，怎样以正确的方式帮助朋友。故选D。
27．
词义猜测题。根据第二段“It’s imprtant t make sure when t help a friend. Fr example, yu may pick up sme signs that yur friends are nt acting like themselves. These signs shw they may nt be well”可知，确认什么时候帮助朋友是重要的，“identify”表达“识别，确认”，相当于“discver”。故选B。
28．
段落大意题。根据“The next step tward helping thers is t listen. Paying attentin t thers while listening is very imprtant thrughut ur life”可知，第三段讲述帮助朋友接下来的一步是做一个好的聆听者。故选A。
29．
推理判断题。根据第三段“As listeners, we shuld try t understand what the speakers are feeling r experiencing and try t see things frm their perspectives”可知，如果在很严重的问题上朋友不听取你的建议，你应该努力弄懂朋友的感受和经历，努力从他们的角度看问题。可知需要弄清楚问题的原因。故选C。
（六）（2022·广东广州·中考真题）
Charles Darwin
Early years
Charles Darwin was ne f the six children frm a big family. His grandfather and father were dctrs and the yung Darwin went t Edinburgh University t study medicine. Hwever, he hated t see bld and he sn realized that he culdn’t be a dctr. He then went t Cambridge University and discvered that he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals. Luckily, ne f Darwin’s university teachers helped him, jin the perfect trip fr a bilgist: a vyage arund the wrld t study nature.
The Beagle
In 1831, Charles Darwin left Plymuth n The Beagle, a ship that tk him arund the wrld fr five years. While he was travelling, he studied the plants and animals in the cuntries and n the islands that the ship visited. Darwin als spent his time n The Beagle writing ntes abut the things he had seen. When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting t create his famus thery that all living things had a cmmn ancestr (祖先).
Dwn huse
At hme at Dwn Huse, a place that yu can still visit tday, Darwin wrte many articles and bks abut his travels, but he didn’t want t make anything abut his thery knwn t the public. He wrked in his study, where he wrte 250,000 wrds abut his thery f evlutin (进化论), but he was frightened abut what peple might say abut his idea that mnkeys were the ancestrs f humans. He thught the public wuld be against it and was s frightened that he became ill with wrry. Hwever, when anther scientist started t write abut similar ideas, Darwin decided t print his bk, On the Origin f Species.
Mst scientists accepted Darwin’s thery and peple cntinue t study it tday. On 12th February, the day he was brn, Darwin Day is celebrated arund the wrld t encurage mre peple t study the natural wrld.
34．What caused Darwin t give up his study f medicine?
A．He didn’t like seeing bld.B．He fund the studies t difficult.
C．He was pushed t give up by his family.D．He was advised t study natural science.
35．Why was the trip n The Beagle imprtant t Darwin?
A．It helped him t finish his study at the university.
B．It allwed him t change his mind abut his future.
C．It gave him ideas abut the beginnings f human life.
D．It gt him t cmplete his mst famus bk n the ship.
36．In what rder did the fllwing happen in Darwin’s life?
a. He arrived back in Britain in 1836.
b. He thught the public wuld nt supprt his ideas.
c. He became interested in studying the natural wrld.
d. He printed his famus bk, On the Origin f Species.
e. He received help t get a place n a trip arund the wrld.
f. He studied the plants and animals n the islands he visited.
A．e→f→c→a→b→dB．c→e→f→a→b→dC．e→f→a→c→d→bD．c→e→f→d→a→b
37．Why did the writer include the last paragraph?
A．T intrduce Darwin’s famus bk.
B．T tell hw peple celebrate Darwin Day.
C．T explain why peple accept Darwin’s ideas.
D．T shw Darwin’s influence n natural science.
【答案】34．A
35．C
36．B
37．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述达尔文早期的学习和旅行经历，讲述达尔文研究自然世界，并完成《物种起源》的经历。
34．
细节理解题。根据第一段“he hated t see bld and he sn realized that he culdn’t be a dctr”可知，达尔文讨厌看到血，所以放弃了学医。故选A。
35．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Darwin als spent his time n The Beagle writing ntes abut the things he had seen. When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting t create his famus thery that all living things had a cmmn ancestr”可知，达尔文在“小猎户号”船上的旅行，让他开始创造他有名的理论，他认为所有的生物都有一个共同的祖先。故选C。
36．
推理判断题。根据“he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals”可知，他对学习自然世界感兴趣。根据“ne f Darwin’s university teachers helped him, jin the perfect trip fr a bilgist: a vyage arund the wrld t study nature”可知，他得到帮助可以去环球航行。根据“he studied the plants and animals in the cuntries and n the islands that the ship visited”可知，他在岛上研究植物和动物。根据“When he finally arrived back in Britain”可知，他回到英国。根据“he was frightened abut what peple might say abut his idea that mnkeys were the ancestrs f humans”可知，他认为大众不会支持他的想法。根据“Darwin decided t print his bk, On the Origin f Species”可知，他出版了他的书《物种起源》。正确的顺序是c→e→f→a→b→d。故选B。
37．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Darwin Day is celebrated arund the wrld t encurage mre peple t study the natural wrld”可知，达尔文日是为了鼓励更多的人研究自然科学。可推断最后一段是为了展示达尔文在自然科学上的影响。故选D。
（七）（2022·广东广州·中考真题）
38．What will players carry in the game?
A．A map, a cmpass and a flag.B．A flag, a cmpass and a card.
C．A cmpass, a map and a card.D．A phne, a cmpass and a map.
39．Which f the fllwing is a rule f the game?
A．Yu dn’t need t mark the cards.
B．Yu can’t miss any f the cntrls t win.
C．Yu have t find cntrls in numbered rder.
D．Yu must be the first t pass the finish line t win.
40．Hw many cntrls has Anna finished in the game?
A．9.B．10.C．11.D．12.
【答案】38．C
39．B
40．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述定向运动游戏的具体操作说明。
38．
细节理解题。根据“In the game f rienteering, players use a map and a cmpass t find statins”及“At each cntrl, players mark a card they carry with them and the card will be marked in different ways”可知，在游戏中，需要携带一张地图，一个指南针和一张卡片。故选C。
39．
推理判断题。根据“If smene misses a cntrl, they wn’t have that mark n their card”，可知如果错过了一个控制点，就不会在卡片上得到那个得分，可知不能错过赢的任何控制点。故选B。
40．
推理判断题。根据表格的控制点有1到5,7到9，以及11到12，可知共完成10个控制点。故选B。
（八）（2022·湖南衡阳·中考真题）
A big sandstrm hit nrthern China several mnths ag. It cvered many cities with thick cluds f yellw dust (尘土).
The strm, which came frm Mnglia, was the largest sandstrm in China in the past 10 years. Many flights and classes were canceled because the visibility (能见度) was lwer than 500 meters.
The strm was the result f warm and dry weather in the area, tgether with the strng winds frm Mnglia. “There has been little rainfall s far this spring and the temperature is rising. S nw it is a wrrying time fr sandstrms.” said an expert frm Beijing.
In recent years, sandstrms haven’t been as cmmn in nrthern China as befre. The land with desertificatin (沙漠化) has been falling by 7, 585 km2 per year in China, and the area f sandy land has been decreasing by 1,284 km2 a year. This is thanks t China’s Three-Nrth Shelter Frest Prgram (TNSFP三北防护林工程) which started in the 1970s. Millins f trees have been planted in nrthern China t prevent sandstrms and prtect the envirnment.
Besides, China has a clr-graded weather warning system (预警系统) fr sandstrms, with red meaning the mst serius, fllwed by range and yellw. Therefre, peple wuld have time t get prepared fr the sandstrm.
21．What caused the sandstrm frm Mnglia?
A．Cld and wet weather tgether with the strng winds.
B．Warm, dry weather and the strng winds.
C．Warm, wet weather and the strng winds.
22．The underlined wrd “decreasing” means “________”.
A．ging upB．putting dwnC．ging dwn
23．When did TNSFP start?
A．In the 1970s.B．In the 1980s.C．In the 1960s.
24．If the visibility in yur city is 700 meters, what clr will the warning be?
A．Red.B．Orange.C．Yellw
25．What can we infer (推断) frm the passage?
A．We have taken sme actins t prevent sandstrms.
B．Sandstrms have never changed.
C．The weather is getting wrse and wrse.
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．A
24．C
25．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了沙尘暴对人们的影响以及中国在抗击沙尘暴方面做了什么。
21．
细节理解题。根据“The strm was the result f warm and dry weather in the area, tgether with the strng winds frm Mnglia.”可知，来自蒙古的沙尘暴是由温暖干燥的天气和强风导致的。故选B。
22．
词句猜测题。根据“The land with desertificatin (沙漠化) has been falling by 7,585 km2 per year in China, and the area f sandy land has been decreasing by 1,284 km2 a year.”可知，中国沙漠化土地每年减少7585平方公里，沙地面积每年减少1284平方公里。decreasing此处表示“减少”，与ging dwn“下降”同义。故选C。
23．
细节理解题。根据“This is thanks t China’s Three-Nrth Shelter Frest Prgram (TNSFP三北防护林工程) which started in the 1970s.”可知，三北防护林工程于20世纪70年代开始的。故选A。
24．
细节理解题。根据“with red meaning the mst serius, fllwed by range and yellw.”可知，红色表示最严重，对应“Super severe sandstrm”，其次是橙色和黄色。如果所在城市的能见度为700米，那么应该属于“Sandstrm”，对应的颜色应该是黄色。故选C。
25．
推理判断题。根据“Millins f trees have been planted in nrthern China t prevent sandstrms and prtect the envirnment.”可知，为了防止沙尘暴和保护环境，中国北方种植了数百万棵树。因此我们已经采取了一些措施来防止沙尘暴。故选A。
（九）（2022·河北·中考真题）
Presentatin（展示）skills are imprtant at schl and in ther areas f life. Sme peple dn’t like giving presentatins because they dn’t knw what t say r because they get nervus abut public speaking. Here’s sme advice t help yu make presentatins easier and mre enjyable.
1. Get rganised
The best presentatins are well planned and clearly rganized. Think abut tpics（话题）and chse a prper ne. In ne tpic, three r fur main ideas will be fine. The beginning f yur presentatin shuld be interesting. Fr example, yu can tell a shrt, funny stry t make peple laugh.
2. Use phts r vides
Try t use phts r vides. These things make yur perfrmance mre exciting and help yu remember what yu’ re ging t say. Hwever, yu shuldn’t use t many. The “star” f yur presentatin shuld be yu, nt yur phts r vides.
3. Practice befre yur perfrmance
Yu need t practice many times befre the “big day”. Practice saying any unusual wrds. Then write the main ideas n small cards t help yu remember. Practice in frnt f a mirrr and time yur presentatin. Finally, yu can recrd yur perfrmance r ask a friend t watch yu and then make suggestins fr imprvements.
4. Cnnect with yur audience（观众）
Always lk at the audience when yu speak. Stand up straight, but dn’t stand still r mve arund much. Finally, be sure t thank yur audience when yu finish speaking. It’s a simple but gd way t end any presentatin.
27．Hw can yu interest yur listeners at the beginning?
A．By listing yur ideas.B．By telling a funny stry.
C．By standing up straight.D．By saying simple wrds.
28．Which is the “big day” accrding t the text?
A．The day yu prepare vides.B．The day yu get sme advice.
C．The day yu visit yur friends.D．The day yu make a presentatin.
29．What is the gd way t end yur presentatin?
A．T repeat tpics.B．T shw thanks.
C．T make suggestins.D．T share main ideas.
30．Which questin culd best help us find ut the writer’s purpse?
A．Did the writer try t teach us skills?
B．Did the writer help us understand ideas?
C．Did the writer invite us t attend a curse?
D．Did the writer ask us t be plite in public?
【答案】27．B
28．D
29．B
30．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了一些使演讲更容易、更有趣的建议。
27．
细节理解题。根据“The beginning f yur presentatin shuld be interesting. Fr example, yu can tell a shrt, funny stry t make peple laugh.”可知，通过讲一个有趣的故事，你可以让听众在一开始就感兴趣。故选B。
28．
词句猜测题。根据“Practice befre yur perfrmance”和“Yu need t practice many times befre the “big day”. ”可知，此处“big day”应该指进行演讲的那天。故选D。
29．
细节理解题。根据“Finally, be sure t thank yur audience when yu finish speaking. It’s a simple but gd way t end any presentatin.”可知，表达感谢是结束演讲的好方法。故选B。
30．
推理判断题。根据“Presentatin（展示）skills are imprtant at schl and in ther areas f life.”和“Here’s sme advice t help yu make presentatins easier and mre enjyable.”可知，本文作者介绍了一些使演讲更容易、更有趣的建议，通过这些建议提升个人的演讲技能，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是为了帮助我们提升演讲技能，故A选项最能帮助我们找出作者的目的。故选A。
（十）（2022·湖南怀化·中考真题）
On August 5, 2021, Chinese sprtswman Quan Hngchan became the yungest Chinese diver（跳水运动员）t win a gld medal in the Tky Olympic Games.
Quan was brn n March 28, 2007 and grew up in the small village f Maihe, Zhanjiang, Guangdng prvince. She is the third amng the five children in her family. Quan started diving at the age f 7 in Zhanjiang and jined the Guangdng prvincial team in 2018. Quan has spent almst all her time n hard training. She had never been t a z r an amusement park befre 2021.
When peple asked her hw t celebrate the success as an Olympic champin （冠军）, Quan said, “In many ways. My mm had a car accident fur years ag. I wanted t make mre mney t help cure （治愈） her. My gld medal is the best gift fr her. Nw, the mst imprtant thing is t prepare fr ur Natinal Games which will be held in September.”
24．Quan Hngchan wn the gld medal in the Tky Olympic Games when she was _______ years ld.
A．7B．12C．14
25．Where was Quan Hngchan brn?
A．In a busy city.B．In a small village.C．In a big twn.
26．What happened t Quan’s mther fur years ag?
A．She had a car accident.B．She was ill.C．She gt lst.
27．Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut Quan Hngchan?
A．She wanted t make mney t cure her father.
B．She started skating at the age f 7.
C．She had never been t a z befre 2021.
【答案】24．C
25．B
26．A
27．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了东京奥运会上获得跳水冠军的中国运动员全红婵的情况。
24．
推理判断题。根据“On August 5, 2021, Chinese sprtswman Quan Hngchan became the yungest Chinese diver（跳水运动员）t win a gld medal in the Tky Olympic Games.”以及“Quan was brn n March 28, 2007”可知，她在东京奥运会上获得跳水冠军时14岁，故选C。
25．
细节理解题。根据“Quan was brn n March 28, 2007 and grew up in the small village f Maihe, Zhanjiang, Guangdng prvince.”可知，全红婵出生于广东湛江一个小村庄，故选B。
26．
细节理解题。根据“My mm had a car accident fur years ag.”可知，全红婵的母亲四年前出了车祸，故选A。
27．
细节理解题。根据“She had never been t a z r an amusement park befre 2021.”可知，2021年之前，她从未去过动物园，故选C。
（十一）（2022·湖南怀化·中考真题）
It’s late autumn in the Arctic Ocean （大西洋） . The water is cvered with ice. It’s difficult fr the white whales t breathe, s they cme up t find penings in the ice t get enugh air. As the winter is cming, they knw it’s time t leave.
A grup f abut a hundred white whales swim suth tward the Bering Sea. Halfway thrugh their jurney, their enemy, an rca（虎鲸）is swimming tward the white whales. With the help f large ice fles（浮冰）, the white whales swim faster than the rca. This gives the white whales time t swim away.
After a few mre days f swimming, they arrive at the Bering Sea. The white whales will rest, hunt, and play here until April, then they’ll swim back t the Arctic Ocean.
28．Why d the white whales cme up t find penings in the ice?
A．T get enugh air.B．T get enugh fdC．T keep warm.
29．What helps the white whales t swim away frm the rca?
A．Their teeth.B．Large ice fles.C．Brave fights.
30．The white whales wn’t leave the Bering Sea until _________.
A．FebruaryB．MarchC．April
31．What’s the best title f the passage?
A．Hw Can White Whales Live in Summer?
B．White Whales Are n the Mve.
C．White Whales Are in Great Danger.
【答案】28．A
29．B
30．C
31．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述了白鲸深秋游离大西洋，大约一百头白鲸向南游向白令海的故事。
28．
细节理解题。根据“It’s difficult fr the white whales t breathe, s they cme up t find penings in the ice t get enugh air.”可知，白鲸要获得足够的空气所以它们上来寻找冰的开口，故选A。
29．
细节理解题。根据“With the help f large ice fles （浮冰） , the white whales swim faster than the rca.”可知，在巨大的浮冰的帮助下，白鲸比虎鲸游得更快，故选B。
30．
细节理解题。根据“The white whales will rest, hunt, and play here until April”可知，白鲸直到来年四月才会离开白令海，故选C。
31．
最佳标题题。根据“It’s late autumn in the Arctic Ocean （大西洋） the winter is cming, they knw it’s time t leave.”及整个文章的理解可知，本文主要是讲述白鲸深秋游离大西洋，游向白令海的故事，故选B。
（十二）（2022·湖南怀化·中考真题）
When yu walk n the street, yu may see a lt f Chinese restaurants. Chinese fd has been enjyed in western cuntries fr a lng time. T make westerners enjy Chinese fd better, Chinese restaurants have made sme changes t the dishes.
“One example is the meat,” said Yin Hang, wh is studying at the University f Wllngng in Australia. “We like t eat meat with the bne （骨头） in China, but peple here dn’t. Chinese restaurants prvide big pieces f meat withut bnes.”
Sme Chinese brands are als becming mre ppular. In many cities in Eurpe, stres sell TCL televisins, Haier fridges and Lenv cmputers, reprted Reuters（路透社）.
In the past, mst western peple thught Chinese prducts were cheap and unreliable. But things have changed greatly. “Made in China” has becme cl and mre peple trust Chinese brands.
32．What d Chinese restaurants d t make westerners enjy Chinese fd better?
A．Cut the prices.B．Prvide a clean envirnment.C．Change the dishes.
33．Accrding t Reuters, stres sell _________ in many cities in Eurpe.
A．Australian brandsB．Chinese brandsC．Eurpean brands
34．What des the underlined wrd “unreliable” mean?
A．不可靠B．不漂亮C．不光滑
35．What is the passage abut?
A．Chinese fd and prducts becme mre ppular all ver the wrld.
B．Chinese like t eat meat withut bnes.
C．Western peple thught Chinese prducts were cheap.
【答案】32．C
33．B
34．A
35．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文从食物，中国品牌入手，介绍如今中国制造的产品在国外越来越受欢迎。
32．
细节理解题。根据“T make westerners enjy Chinese fd better, Chinese restaurants have made sme changes t the dishes”可知，为了让西方人更好地享受中餐，中餐馆对菜肴做了一些改变，故选C。
33．
细节理解题。根据“In many cities in Eurpe, stres sell TCL televisins, Haier fridges and Lenv cmputers, reprted Reuters”可知，在欧洲的许多城市，都有售卖中国品牌的产品，故选B。
34．
词义猜测题。根据“In the past, mst western peple thught Chinese prducts were cheap and unreliable”可知，此处应是过去西方人民对中国产品不好的评价，结合“Made in China” has becme cl and mre peple trust Chinese brands”可知，如今更多的人相信中国品牌，说明之前认为中国品牌不可靠，故选A。
35．
主旨大意题。本文从食物，中国品牌入手，介绍如今中国制造的产品在国外越来越受欢迎，故选A。
（十三）（2022·湖南湘潭·中考真题）
Recently, a study (研究), published in BMC Medicine, fund that sitting in frnt f the TV fr a lng time was a risk fr peple’s health.
After scientists used data (数据) n 370, 000 peple, cvering 12 years, they fund abut 9, 000 develped heart disease. They fund peple with genes (基因) f heart prblems were mre likely t develp heart disease. Hwever, they fund that peple withut such genes watching mre than fur hurs f TV every day were als at the greatest risk f heart disease. Peple spending 2 t 3 hurs a day watching TV had a 6% lwer risk. And thse wh watched less than an hur had a 16% lwer risk. The scientists f the research team finally fund cutting TV watching time t less than an hur a day culd prevent 10% f heart disease.
In life, peple wh want “ne mre episde (剧集)” might be the grup at a higher risk, fr they are easy t spend mre time watching TV. If they have mre snacks while watching TV, it might add the risk f putting their hearts in danger. S, if peple want t watch TV lnger, standing up and mving the bdy, r hanging ut will wrk. But limiting their time n TV culd be a mre useful way t help them avid pssible heart prblems in the future.
26．Accrding t the text, hw lng did the research cver?
A．10 years.B．12 years.C．14 years.
27．Frm paragraph 2, which f the fllwing is right?
A．Peple watching ne hur f TV are at the greatest risk.
B．The less time peple spend n TV, the lwer the risk is.
C．Watching TV is the nly reasn t develp heart disease.
28．Which best explains “limiting” underlined in paragraph 3?
A．限制B．记录C．花费
29．Where is this text prbably frm?
A．A tur guide.B．A stry bk.C．A newspaper.
30．What is the main idea f the text?
A．We’d better nt watch TV mre than ne hur a day.
B．Hanging ut after dinner is gd fr ur heart health.
C．Having snacks while watching TV adds risks fr heart.
【答案】26．B
27．B
28．A
29．C
30．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了BMC医学杂志上的一项研究，研究发现长时间坐在电视机前对人们的健康有风险。
26．
细节理解题。根据“After scientists used data (数据) n 370, 000 peple, cvering 12 years, they fund abut 9, 000 develped heart disease. ”可知，这项研究历时12年。故选B。
27．
细节理解题。根据“Hwever, they fund that peple withut such genes watching mre than fur hurs f TV every day were als at the greatest risk f heart disease. Peple spending 2 t 3 hurs a day watching TV had a 6% lwer risk. And thse wh watched less than an hur had a 16% lwer risk. ”可知，人们看电视的时间越少，风险就越低。故选B。
28．
词句猜测题。根据“But limiting their time n TV culd be a mre useful way t help them avid pssible heart prblems in the future.”可知，但限制他们看电视的时间可能是帮助他们避免将来可能出现的心脏病的更有用的方法。此处limiting表示“限制”。故选A。
29．
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了BMC医学杂志上的一项研究，研究发现长时间坐在电视机前对人们的健康有风险。结合选项，可能来自一份报纸。故选C。
30．
主旨大意题。根据“But limiting their time n TV culd be a mre useful way t help them avid pssible heart prblems in the future.”和全文其余部分内容可知，作者通过这项研究想要告诉我们应该限制看电视的时间，A选项“我们最好每天看电视不要超过一个小时。”符合题意，故选A。
（十四）（2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）
Did yu knw that vcabulary (词汇) is mre imprtant than grammar? If yu have gd vcabulary, yu can cmmunicate successfully, even if the grammar is nt cmpletely perfect.
Hwever, ne cmmn prblem is learning new wrds and then frgetting them. S when yu want t use a new wrd in a cnversatin, yu can’t remember it at that mment. Des this ften happen t yu? The reasn fr this difficulty is that mst students try t learn vcabulary by studying lists and dictinaries and remembering the wrds. But it may nt wrk if yu dn’t have a very gd memry.
The best way t learn vcabulary and remember the wrds successfully, is t learn new wrds and use them at nce. Yu can d this with a very simple exercise. Every time yu learn a new wrd, fr example, frm an English lessn r an article, write it dwn in yur vcabulary ntebk. Writing is mre active than just reading a definitin (释义). Yu shuld write the wrd, the definitin in English r translatin, ne example sentence frm the article r dictinary and ne example sentence that yu create.
Imagine yu just learn the wrd “generus”, write in yur vcabulary ntebk: generus (adjective), definitin—giving r willing t give freely. Example ne, frm the article: Thanks fr paying fr my dinner, yu’re very generus. Example tw, my example: My brther is generus because he vlunteers at the animal shelter n weekends. It’s best if yur example sentences are true t yur life, because this creates a persnal cnnectin with the new wrd. The next day, read yur vcabulary ntebk again and try t add ne mre example sentence using the new wrd. It’s helpful fr yu t remember it. These tw simple steps—writing the wrd and using it at nce—help yu remember and use new wrds.
D yu have a vcabulary ntebk? If nt, start nw.
38．What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．The prblem.B．The new wrd.C．The cnversatin.D．The dictinary.
39．What’s the crrect rder f the fllwing steps f taking vcabulary ntes?
①Make yur wn example sentence.
②Write the wrd, its English definitin r translatin.
③Cpy an example sentence frm the article r dictinary.
④Read yur ntebk again and add ne mre example sentence.
A．②③①④B．②③④①C．③④②①D．③②①④
40．Hw can we make the best example sentences accrding t the writer?
A．By asking fr help frm friends.B．By explaining wrds’ definitins.
C．By cnnecting them with ur life.D．By adding wrds frm the article.
41．What’s the best title fr the passage?
A．Tips fr Translating WrdsB．Advice n Using Grammar
C．Abilities f Creating ExamplesD．Ways f Learning New Wrds
【答案】38．B
39．A
40．C
41．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了学习新单词的方法。
38．
词句猜测题。根据“S when yu want t use a new wrd in a cnversatin, yu can’t remember it at that mment.”可知，当你想在对话中使用一个新词时，你一时想不起来，推出it代替上文的“a new wrd”；故选B。
39．
细节理解题。根据“Yu shuld write the wrd, the definitin in English r translatin”；“ne example sentence frm the article r dictinary”；“and ne example sentence that yu create”和“The next day, read yur vcabulary ntebk again and try t add ne mre example sentence using the new wrd. ”可知，正确的顺序是②③①④；故选A。
40．
细节理解题。根据“It’s best if yur example sentences are true t yur life, because this creates a persnal cnnectin with the new wrd.”可知，将新单词与生活相结合；故选C。
41．
最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，主要讲述了学习新单词的方法；故选D。
（十五）（2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）
The Hrsetail Fall (瀑布) is ne f Ysemite Natinal Park’s mst amazing views. Arund the secnd week f February, the setting sun hits the Hrsetail Fall at just the right angle (角度) t light the upper parts f the waterfall. And when cnditins are right, the Hrsetail Fall becmes range and red at sunset. It is like red-ht lava (熔岩) puring dwn frm the tp f the El Capitan. S, it gt the name “firefall”.
The firefall is a perfect match f the weather, the fall, the time and the watching place. It usually appears n dry, warm and cludless days. There must be enugh flwing water t make a firefall t. S there must be enugh snw n the muntain tp, and it turns int water n warm afternns.
The sun ges t the best place befre the fall in late February. And the best time t watch the fall is 5 t 15 minutes befre the sunset. Only at this time can visitrs see the firefall. The El Capitan Picnic Area is the best place t watch, because it is clse t the fall and is perfect t set up cameras and tents.
Every year in February, thusands f phtgraphers cme t watch the firefall. Althugh the view may appear just minutes befre sunset, many f them have t cme hurs earlier t get a right place t set their cameras in time. “I’m just saying that the Ysemite Firefall is smething yu dn’t want t miss during the winter,” says Kate Mre, a traveller and the lead cntent creatr fr ParkedInParadise.cm.
42．Paragraph 1 mainly tells us ________.
A．hw the firefall gt its nameB．why it’s easy t see the firefall
C．wh was the first t find the firefallD．n which day we can visit the frefall
43．What can we knw abut the firefall?
A．It lasts fr half an hur befre the sunset.
B．It usually appears n wet, warm and cludy days.
C．Rivers prvide enugh flwing water t make a fall.
D．Its best watching place is the El Capitan Picnic Area.
44．Frm the wrds f Kate Mre, we can infer that ________.
A．the firefall is wrth seeingB．it’s dangerus t watch the firefall
C．the firefall brings little surpriseD．it’s a waste f time t visit the firefall
45．What’s the theme f the passage?
A．Art.B．Nature.C．Technlgy.D．Histry.
【答案】42．A
43．D
44．A
45．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了马尾瀑布上独特的美景以及最佳观赏时间。
42．
主旨大意题。根据“S, it gt the name ‘firefall’”以及整段的介绍可知，第一段主要介绍了它的名字的由来，故选A。
43．
细节理解题。根据“The El Capitan Picnic Area is the best place t watch, because it is clse t the fall and is perfect t set up cameras and tents”可知，埃尔卡皮坦野餐区是观看的最佳地点，故选D。
44．
推理判断题。根据“I’m just saying that the Ysemite Firefall is smething yu dn’t want t miss during the winter”可推知，这个瀑布很值得一看，故选A。
45．
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了马尾瀑布上独特的美景，属于自然范畴，故选B。
（十六）（2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）
All abard! Let’s take a ride n the wrld’s highest railway—the Qinghai-Tibet Railway（青藏铁路）. Sit back and enjy the jurney. Get ready fr the trip f a lifetime.
We’re leaving Qinghai Statin. The scenery alng the way is sme f the wildest in all f China. Keep yur eyes pen as we race thrugh this beautiful land. Yu might see a rare Tibetan antelpe（藏羚羊）frm yur windw.
Befre we begin ur jurney, let’s learn abut this amazing railway. It’s truly ne f the great engineering wnders f the 21st century. When it was cmpleted n July 1, 2006, the Tibet Railway set nine wrld recrds, including the wrld’s highest railway at 5,072 metres abve sea level, the wrld’s highest tunnel（隧道）at 4,905 metres, and the lngest tunnel ever built n permafrst（冻土）.
As we travel higher, the air gets thinner and thinner. Sn there will nly be 50 t 60 percent f the xygen which we are used t breathing. But dn’t be afraid. Each rail car has tw separate xygen systems. One system spreads xygen thrughut the train at all times. And each passenger can als get a persnal xygen mask just like thse used in planes.
Here are a few mre things t think abut as ur train leaves the statin. The designers slved three main challenges when building this great railway. First, the high altitude（海拔）made the task difficult because there was n enugh xygen. Secnd, much f the railway runs acrss permafrst, a type f grund that keeps changing as the weather warms and cls. Finally, the railway ges thrugh sme f the mst sensitive eclgy（敏感的生态环境）in China. Great care was necessary t make sure f the smallest pssible influence n nature.
All three challenges were met, making ur trip pssible. All abard! The train t Tibet is leaving in fifteen minutes.
18．Where are the passengers?
A．On a bus.B．On a train.C．On a ship.D．On a plane.
19．Hw des the text shw the railway is amazing in paragraph 3?
A．By telling a stry.B．By using a designer’s wrds.
C．By intrducing its wrld recrds.D．By cmparing the present with the past.
20．Hw many xygen systems are there in each rail car?
A．One.B．Tw.C．Three.D．Fur.
21．Which f the fllwing increased the difficulty f building the railway?
A．The changing grund.B．The plluted air.C．The dangerus animals.D．The ht weather.
【答案】18．B
19．C
20．B
21．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了21世纪伟大的工程奇迹之一——青藏铁路。
18．
细节理解题。根据“We’re leaving Qinghai Statin. The scenery alng the way is sme f the wildest in all f China”可知，乘客现在在火车站，故选B。
19．
推理判断题。根据“When it was cmpleted n July 1, 2006, the Tibet Railway set nine wrld recrds”以及“The designers slved three main challenges when building this great railway. First..., Secnd,”可知，第三段是通过介绍它的世界纪录来展示它的惊人之处的，故选C。
20．
细节理解题。根据“Each rail car has tw separate xygen systems”可知，每节车厢都有两个独立的氧气系统，故选B。
21．
细节理解题。根据“First, the high altitude（海拔）made the task difficult because there was n enugh xygen”可知，高海拔使任务变得困难，因为没有足够的氧气，故选A。
（十七）（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）
The il paper umbrella is a traditinal Chinese handicraft（手工艺品）. It has a histry f ver 1,000 years in China．In early Tang Dynasty, it was intrduced t Japan and Krea, s it was called the “Tang Umbrella”. Later il paper umbrellas were spread t ther Asian cuntries, such as Vietnam, Thailand and Las, and each had its wn style. Hwever, as steel-ribbed（钢骨的）umbrellas appeared in the last century, the hand-made il paper umbrellas became less used in daily life. They were turned int decrative artifacts（装饰性工艺品）.
Yuhang in Hangzhu is knwn fr making il paper umbrellas fr mre than 230 years. They are mainly made f skin paper（皮纸）, bamb, a cating f Tung il（桐油）. They need t take mre than 70 steps t make, including making bamb ribs, pesting papers（糊纸）and painting patterns（图案）. It takes at least a week t make per umbrella. In 2008, these umbrellas were added t Intangible Cultural Heritage List（非物质文化遗产名录）f China.
A yung man called Liu Weixue learned the traditinal art f making Yuhang il paper umbrellas frm his grandfather. “I want t bring the art t life.” Liu said. He imprved the umbrellas t win the hearts f yung peple. As the traditinal paper was easy t break, he started t use a kind f thicker paper. In a test, his umbrellas were pened and clsed fr 1,000 times withut breaking. He used a kind f lighter bamb t make the umbrellas weigh less.
Nw Liu hpes the art can be passed n. He ges t lcal schls t teach students. He als ges t events in different places t prmte（推广）the art.
34．What is the main idea f paragraph 1?
A．The histry f il paper umbrellas.B．The styles f il paper umbrellas.
C．The design f il paper umbrellas.D．The ways f using il paper umbrellas.
35．What is an il paper umbrella mainly made f accrding t the passage?
A．Wl,bamb and a cating f Tung il.B．Plastic,bamb and a cating f Tung il.
C．Skin paper,bamb and a cating f Tung il.D．Leather,bamb and a cating f Tung il.
36．Why did Liu Weixue learn the art f making Yuhang il paper umbrellas?
A．Because he culdn’t find a better jb.B．Because he wanted t bring the art t life.
C．Because yung peple liked the fashin.D．Because his grandfather tld him t learn.
37．Which part f a magazine is the passage prbably frm?
A．Culture.B．Medicine.C．Music.D．Sprts.
【答案】34．A
35．C
36．B
37．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了中国传统手工艺品——油纸伞的发展情况。
34．
段落大意题。根据“The il paper umbrella is a traditinal Chinese handicraft（手工艺品）...”可知，本段主要介绍了油纸伞的相关历史，故选A。
35．
细节理解题。根据“They are mainly made f skin paper（皮纸）, bamb, a cating f Tung il（桐油）.”可知，油纸伞的主要材料有皮纸、竹子、桐油，故选C。
36．
细节理解题。根据“I want t bring the art t life.”可知，因为他想让艺术活起来，故选B。
37．
推理判断题。根据整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍油纸伞的一些信息，应该是在杂志的文化板块能发现，故选A。
（十八）（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）
Recently, China has annunced the list f the first five natinal parks.
Each f them is divided int tw parts-the cre（核心）prtectin area and the general cntrl area. In the cre prtectin area, nly research and surveillance（监视）in science are allwed. And the general cntrl area is pen t the public, allwing travel activities such as camping and hiking. In the future, natinal parks are expected t be natural classrms. Peple can learn abut different kinds f animals and plants thrugh ec-friendly（环保的）travel activities.
The natinal parks can als be helpful t lcal peple. The building f these natinal parks prvides many jbs fr lcal peple. Peple living in r arund the parks can wrk as park rangers（护林员）and guides. They can als sell sme ec-friendly things with lcal clur. S their yearly incmes（收人）will grw a lt.
Then let’s take a lk at the five natinal parks.
38．What activity can be dne in the cre prtectin area?
A．Hunting.B．Researching.C．Hiking.D．Camping.
39．What can we knw frm paragraph 3?
A．Building the natinal parks nly needs rangers and guides.
B．Farming makes lcal peple imprve their yearly incmes.
C．Visitrs can buy anything with lcal clr in the natinal parks.
D．Lcal peple can get much advantage frm the natinal parks.
40．What des the underlined wrd “paradise” in the frm abve mean?
A．A perfect place.B．A happy feeling.C．A gd example.D．A sweet smile.
41．What might be the best title fr the passage?
A．The beautiful scenes f natureB．The hme f animals and plants
C．The intrductin t the five natinal parksD．The relatinships amng the five natinal parks
【答案】38．B
39．D
40．A
41．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了中国公布的首批五个国家公园的情况。
38．
细节理解题。根据“In the cre prtectin area, nly research and surveillance（监视）in science are allwed.”可知，在核心保护区，只允许进行科学研究和监测，故选B。
39．
细节理解题。根据“The natinal parks can als be helpful t lcal their yearly incmes（收人）will grw a lt.”可知，建立国家公园对当地人也有好处，故选D。
40．
词义猜测题。根据“The frest makes up ver 96 percent f the park. The park is the paradise f birds, kingdm（王国）f snakes and wrld f insects.”可知，森林占公园的96%以上。公园是鸟类的天堂，蛇的王国，昆虫的世界，所以单词“paradise”指的是“天堂”，即完美之地，故选A。
41．
最佳标题题。根据“Recently, China has annunced the list f the first five natinal parks.”及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍五个国家公园的情况，故选C。
（十九）（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）
Wetlands are any land that is flded with shallw water all r mst f the time. They are a natural water hlding system.
There are many types f wetlands. Amng them, bgs, marshes and swamps are the three main types. The different types f wetlands have different kinds f plants. Only msses(苔藓)and a few ther kinds f plants can grw in bgs. Grassy plants like cattails（香蒲）and reeds(芦苇)are the mst cmmn plants in a marsh. A swamp is a frest whse grund is underwater all r mst f the time. Unlike bgs r marshes, a swamp is full f trees and bushes. It’s nt a gd idea t g explring a swamp withut a guide. There are hidden pls f water, thick mud, and smetimes big crcdiles(鳄鱼)lking fr their next meal.
Hungry crcdiles aren’t the nly animals that make the wetlands their hme. Otters, turtles, frgs, snakes and many ther animals d t. The water is hme t many kinds f fish and crabs. Birds, including ducks, geese and cranes, use wetlands seasnally during their lng migratins.
Wetlands are imprtant because they prvide habitats fr plants and animals. A wetland system can als prtect shrelines, make plluted waters clean, prevent flds, and restre undergrund water supplies.
Accrding t WWF, mre than half f the wrld’s wetlands have disappeared since the beginning f the 20th century. If this cntinues, cuntless plant and animal species will surely die ut. Withut wetlands, cities have t spend mre mney treating water. Dn’t feel helpless. Try t d yur part t prtect them right nw. Here are sme ideas.
31．Accrding t Paragraph 2, what can yu see in a swamp?
A．Msses.B．Cattails.C．Reeds.D．Trees.
32．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A．Wetlands are a man-made water hlding system.
B．There are three types f wetlands in the wrld.
C．Peple can nt meet with big crcdiles in wetlands.
D．Wetlands can prtect shrelines and prevent flds.
33．What is the writer prbably ging t talk abut after Paragraph 5?
A．What are the different types f wetlands?
B．What will happen if wetlands disappear?
C．What actins can peple take t prtect wetlands?
D．What ther kinds f plants and animals live in wetlands?
【答案】31．D
32．D
33．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了三种不同的湿地，不同的湿地有不同的植物和动物，而且湿地很重要，所以我们要采取行动保护湿地。
31．
细节理解题。根据“ a swamp is full f trees and bushes”可知在沼泽地里有树木和灌木。故选D。
32．
细节理解题。根据“ wetland system can als prtect shrelines, make plluted waters clean, prevent flds”可知湿地系统还可以保护海岸线、防止洪水。故选D。
33．
推理判断题。根据“Try t d yur part t prtect them right nw. Here are sme ideas”可知接下来会介绍应如何保护湿地。故选C。
（二十）（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）
Researchers at China Aerspace Science and Industry Crp, a State-wned defense cntractr, have develped and made the wrld’s first rbt whale shark（鲸鲨）.
The rbtic shark has been n display in an aquarium（水族馆）at Shanghai Haichang Ocean Park since January.
A whale shark is a slw-mving carpet shark and the largest knwn living fish.
Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang-based N 111 Factry, the underwater rbt is 4.7 meters lng, weighs 350 kilgrams and can mve 42 meters a minute.
Pwered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, flat and dive like a real shark by mving its mechanical fins（鳍）. The muth and gills（鳃）can als pen and clse like a shark’s. The bimimetic shark is made f sensrs（传感器）, multi-jint fins, batteries, and systems which enable it t avid what’s in the way in all directins.
“The rbt can reach a depth f 10 meters and wrk fr as lng as 10 hurs,” said Fang Xuelin, a senir researcher in charge f the rbt shark prgram.
“The shark can be remtely cntrlled and can als swim based n preset prgrams r its wn sensrs,” he said.
“We have built multiple kinds f rbt fishes, and the rbtic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made s far,” Fang added. “Our rbts are t serve three purpses—t perfrm in aquariums fr entertainment, spread knwledge abut the sea and aquatic（水生的）animals amng yungsters, and carry ut scientific tasks such as hydrlgical surveys, underwater phtgraphy and envirnmental inspectin.”
“The factry nw plans t develp mre types f aquatic rbts, including sme extinct mammals（哺乳动物）, fr display in parks and schls. It will als prmte the prducts t businesses engaged in fields such as underwater salvage and mineral prspecting,” he said.
42．The whale shark n display is ________.
A．the wrld’s first rbtB．the largest living fish
C．a 7.4-meter-lng sharkD．a rbtic shark
43．What des the underlined wrd “bimimetic”in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．仿生的B．虚拟的C．杂交的D．变异的
44．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．The shark is the first mechanical fish made at the factry.
B．Pwered by a lithium battery, the shark can swim withut stpping.
C．The factry has built multiple kinds f rbt fishes including the shark.
D．The factry has develped sme extinct mammals fr display in parks.
45．What des Paragraph 8 mainly talk abut?
A．The limits f the aquatic rbts.B．The purpses f the aquatic rbts.
C．The prgress in making aquatic rbts.D．The steps t develping aquatic rbts.
【答案】42．D
43．A
44．C
45．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述中国航天科工集团有限公司的研究员研发的世界上首个机器鲸鲨的主要特点和用途。
42．
细节理解题。根据第一段“the wrld’s first rbt whale shark”可知，展览的是世界上第一个机器鲸鲨。故选D。
43．
词义猜测题。根据第四段“Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang-based N 111 Factry”及第五段“Pwered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, flat and dive like a real shark”可知，鲸鲨是工程师设计和制作出来的，像真实的鲨一样可以游泳，转弯，漂浮和潜水。“bimimetic”表达“仿生的”。故选A。
44．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“We have built multiple kinds f rbt fishes, and the rbtic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made s far”可知，工厂已经建了很多种类的机器鱼，机器鲸是目前制作的最大的机械鱼。C选项表述准确。故选C。
45．
段落大意题。根据“Our rbts are t serve three purpses—t perfrm in aquariums fr entertainment, spread knwledge abut the sea and aquatic animals amng yungsters, and carry ut scientific tasks such as hydrlgical surveys, underwater phtgraphy and envirnmental inspectin”可知，第八段主要讲述了制作水生机器鱼的目的。故选B。
（二十一）（2022·江西·中考真题）
Indnesians lve t celebrate. They believe that celebrating and eating tgether brings gd luck. Let’s party Indnesia-style.
Wuld yu be surprised t find a New Year’s Day in March? Indnesians n the island f Bali are getting ready t ring in Nyepi, their New Year. It falls in March r April n the night f the new mn and is a symbl f a fresh start fr the peple and the island f Bali. On the eve f Nyepi, families and friends get tgether in the market. They carry a huge mnster which is made f wd and ther materials arund the village three times. After that, peple set it n fire, hping t drive ut evil (邪恶的) spirits.
After Nyepi, a Turun tanah ceremny begins in hnr f a child’s first steps. At the Turun Tanah, parents invite friends and family t a party t intrduce the baby. They put different bjects such as a bracelet (手镯), pen, mirrr r ty cmputer arund their baby. If the baby picks up a pen, he r she may be a writer. A child wh picks up a gld bracelet may be rich.
While Turun tanah celebrates the future f a family. Galungan celebrates its past. Ancestrs wh have died return ‘hme’ during this ten-day celebratin. And living relatives d their best t make them happy. Tall bamb ples line the street. Peple attend the ceremnies and visit their family and village temples. Actrs and dancers give perfrmances that tell stries f gd fighting against evil.
A year f festivals has cme t an end. Dn’t wrry: next year, Indnesia will be buzzing (发出嗡嗡声) again with celebratins, s welcme t the party!
32．What’s the theme (主题) f the passage?
A．Celebratins.B．Feelings.C．Family.D．Health.
33．What d peple d during Galungan? Check and chse the right answer.
①Watch perfrmances. ②Discuss new babies’ future.
③Visit their family and village temples. ④Put the bamb ples alng the street.
⑤Carry a huge mnster arund the village.
A．①②⑤B．①③④C．②③④D．③④⑤
34．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．The baby wh picks up a pen may be a writer.
B．Nyepi usually cmes after Turun tanah in Bali.
C．New Year’s Day in Indnesia begins in February.
D．Peple fire bamb ples t drive away the mnster.
35．Which f the fllwing best shws the structure f the passage?
A．B．C．D．
36．What is the writer’s purpse accrding t the passage?
A．T welcme us t the festivals.B．T shw us hw t treat the ancestrs.
C．T tell us hw t hld the party.D．T teach us hw t fight against the evil.
【答案】32．A
33．B
34．A
35．D
36．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了印度尼西亚人们庆祝节日的活动。
32．
主旨大意题。根据“Dn’t wrry: next year, Indnesia will be buzzing again with celebratins, s welcme t the party!”及全文内容可知本文主要介绍了印度尼西亚人们庆祝节日的活动，主题是“庆祝活动”。故选A。
33．
细节理解题。根据“Galungan celebrates its past. ... Tall bamb ples line the street. Peple attend the ceremnies and visit their family and village temples. Actrs and dancers give perfrmances that tell stries f gd fighting against evil.”可知在Galungan期间人们看表演、拜访他们的家人和乡村寺庙并沿街放竹竿。故选B。
34．
细节理解题。根据“If the baby picks up a pen, he r she may be a writer.”可知拿起钢笔的婴儿可能是作家。故选A。
35．
篇章结构题。第一段引出印度尼西亚人喜欢庆祝这个事实；第二、三、四段分段介绍了几个节日庆祝活动；第五段收尾，邀请读者到印度尼西亚参与节日庆祝活动。D项符合文章结构。故选D。
36．
推理判断题。根据“Dn’t wrry: next year, Indnesia will be buzzing again with celebratins, s welcme t the party!”可知文末邀请读者到印度尼西亚参加节日庆祝活动，这也是作者的目的。故选A。
（二十二）（2022·江西·中考真题）
Imprvements in technlgy ften happen vernight. Sme gadgets get smaller and faster. Others are replaced (代替) by newer things like smartphnes. They can d hundreds f things. Here are sme ld gadgets that peple used t use.
①________
D yu have a landline at hme? These are phnes that peple plug (插入) int their living rm walls. Mbile phnes didn’t use t be s cmmn at that time, s mst families had a landline. But landlines nly wrked at hme. What did peple d when they were utside and needed t call smene? They lked fr a pay phne! Then, mst peple had their wn mbile phnes and many hmes n lnger had landlines.
②________
Peple tday stre plenty f infrmatin nline, r n SD cards. But in the 1980s and 1990s, peple used t use flppy disks. The first flppy disks were large, expensive, and nt very useful — each disk culd stre just 175 KB f infrmatin! Later, flppy disks gt smaller and better. But even the best nes culd nly hld 1.44 MB．Yu wuld need three r fur disks just fr ne sng, and abut 22,000 disks t match the strage (储存空间) available n a 32 GB phne!
③________
It’s easy t take phts tday. Peple ften have thusands just n their phnes! But phts used t be expensive, and peple tk fewer f them. T take a pht, yu had t buy a rll f film. This allwed yu t take abut 30 phts. After finishing the rll, yu left it at a shp. The shp develped the phts t make them be seen, which yu culd cllect after a few days.
Technlgy changes all the time, and the gadgets we use tday will ne day be ld. What d yu think will be next t disappear?
37．What des the underlined wrd “gadgets” mean in Paragraph 1?
A．Tys.B．Tls.C．Games.D．Phnes.
38．Match the title with each paragraph.
a. Gdbye Disks b. Music t My Ears c. Picture This d. Call Me e. Film Develpment
A．①-d, ②-b, ③-eB．①-d, ②-a, ③-cC．①-c, ②-a, ③-bD．①-c, ②-b, ③-e
39．What were the first flppy disks like?
A．They culd stre much.B．They were very useful.
C．They cst a lt f mney.D．They were easy t carry.
40．What can we get frm the passage?
A．It was cnvenient t take phts with film.
B．Peple utside used landlines t call smene.
C．Imprvements in technlgy change peple’s life.
D．Fr a time, many peple had pay phnes at hme.
41．What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．The Changing Phnes.B．The Prducts f Tmrrw.
C．Old Things We Use Tday.D．The Things We Used t Use.
【答案】37．B
38．B
39．C
40．C
41．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了人们过去常用的旧工具。
37．
词义猜测题。根据“Sme gadgets get smaller and faster. Others are replaced by newer things like smartphnes.”可知此处指变得更小更快的东西，举例中有智能手机，由此推出gadgets意为“工具，设备”。故选B。
38．
标题归纳题。根据“Then, mst peple had their wn mbile phnes and many hmes n lnger had landlines.”可知①段讲电话机手机，用“Call Me”做标题；根据“But in the 1980s and 1990s, peple used t use flppy disks.”可知②段以前用过的磁盘，用“Gdbye Disks”做标题；再由“It’s easy t take phts tday. Peple ften have thusands just n their phnes! But phts used t be expensive, and peple tk fewer f them.”可知③段介绍拍照工具，用“Picture This”做标题。故选B。
39．
细节理解题。根据“The first flppy disks were large, expensive, and nt very useful — each disk culd stre just 175 KB f infrmatin!”可知第一批软盘很贵，要花费很多钱。故选C。
40．
推理判断题。根据“Imprvements in technlgy ften happen vernight.”及下文内容可知文中介绍科技在进步，这在不断改变人们的生活。故选C。
41．
标题归纳题。根据“Here are sme ld gadgets that peple used t use.”及全文内容可知本文主要介绍了人们过去常用的旧工具，用“The Things We Used t Use.”做标题最合适。故选D。
（二十三）（2022·山东泰安·中考真题）
The new railway line linking China and Las（老挝）pened t traffic n December 3, 2021. All the passengers n the train were very excited.
The line is 1,035 kilmeters lng and it runs between Kunming, the capital f Yunnan Prvince, and Vientiane（万象）, the capital f Las. It takes abut 10 hurs t get t Vientiane frm Kunming. This line, with a tp speed f 200 kilmeters per hur, has 50 statins.
Engineer Ouyang Qiang tk part in cnstructin（建设）f the new line. “Each statin alng the line has a special and beautiful view.” he said. adding that Yunnan has pleasant weather in all seasns and the views are fantastic all year rund.
Hang Dianhua, 76, was n the first train n Friday frm Kunming t Xishuangbanna. “One f my students tk part in this prject. It’s a prud event fr China. I hpe t take the train with my daughter and tw granddaughters wh live in Beijing in the future.” Hang said.
Jaruwan cmes frm Thailand. Nw she wrks in Yunnan. She was als a passenger n the train. She believes fruit frm Thailand can be sent faster and cheaper t China. And at the same time, the new turism rutes（路线）might be develped thanks t the line. Mre Chinese peple will take the railway t Las, and then visit Thailand.
The China-Las Railway is part f a bigger plan t cnnect Kunming all the way with Singapre.
11．The new railway line runs between ________ and ________ nw.
A．Beijing; XishuangbannaB．China; Singapre
C．Kunming; VientianeD．China; Thailand
12．Wh tk part in cnstructin f the China-Las Railway line?
A．Hang Dianhua.B．Ouyang Qiang.C．Jaruwan.D．Hang Dianhua’s daughter.
13．Which f the fllwing statements abut Hang Dianhua is NOT true?
A．One f his students tk part in the China-Las railway prject.
B．He went t Xishuangbanna n the first train.
C．He tk the train tgether with his daughter and tw granddaughters.
D．He thught the pening f the new line was a prud event fr China.
14．What can we knw frm the passage?
A．The China-Las railway line is 1.035 kilmeters lng and has 200 statins.
B．Ouyang Qiang was an engineer and he was Hang Dianhua’s student.
C．The fruit trade between China and Thailand can be mre cnvenient.
D．The Chinese turists can take the railway t Singapre frm Kunming nw.
【答案】11．C
12．B
13．C
14．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍连接中国到老挝的新的铁路。
11．
细节理解题。根据“The line is 1,035 kilmeters lng and it runs between Kunming, the capital f Yunnan Prvince, and Vientiane, the capital f Las.”可知，这条线路连接云南省省会昆明和老挝首都万象。故选C。
12．
细节理解题。根据“Engineer Ouyang Qiang tk part in cnstructin f the new line.”可知，工程师欧阳强参与了这条新线路的建设。故选B。
13．
推理判断题。根据“I hpe t take the train with my daughter and tw granddaughters wh live in Beijing in the future.”可知，是希望将来和我的女儿以及两个住在北京的孙女一起坐火车，而不是已经乘坐了。故选C。
14．
细节理解题。根据“ She believes fruit frm Thailand can be sent faster and cheaper t China.”可知，她认为泰国的水果可以更快、更便宜地运到中国。由此推知，中泰之间的水果贸易可以更加方便，故选C。
（二十四）（2022·山东泰安·中考真题）
We all knw the sun is imprtant. It makes life n ur planet pssible. But hw des the sun d that? It’s the sun’s energy.
Energy frm the sun is called slar energy（太阳能）. It cmes in the frm f light r heat. Peple have used slar energy fr thusands f years. The sun’s energy can be used t heat water and even fd. If yu wn a magnifying glass, yur parents have prbably warned yu nt t leave it in the sun. Slar energy can actually make the magnifying glass burn bjects underneath it causing a fire. This type f energy frm the sun is called slar thermal（热的）energy.
We can als turn the sun’s light int electricity. This is dne with slar panels（板）. Slar panels are made up f a material called silicn（硅）. The silicn is heated and frmed int very thin wafers（晶片）. When the sunlight hits the slar panel, the electrns in the silicn mve and flw thrugh wires（电线）. Using this technlgy, we can run a calculatr and even pwer cars.
But what happens n cludy days? The electrns in the silicn will stp mving, which means the electricity can’t flw. But this desn’t mean that slar energy can nly be used n sunny days. Peple can use the batteries（电池）which are attached t（附着于）slar panels t stre the electricity. S the stred electricity can be used t pwer cars at night r n cludy days.
Did yu knw that slar energy is nt as expensive as it used t be? In fact, in the last few years, slar panels have becme much mre affrdable fr peple t use. Since the sun gives ff mre energy in ne secnd than peple have used, imagine what we culd d if we used the sun’s energy t pwer ur planet.
22．A magnifying glass can make bjects lk ________.
A．smallerB．biggerC．mre beautifulD．further
23．What des the third paragraph mainly tell us?
A．Hw t use slar thermal energy.
B．Hw t pwer ur planet.
C．Hw t stre electricity with batteries.
D．Hw t turn sunlight int electricity with slar panels.
24．We can use ________ t pwer cars at night accrding t the furth paragraph.
A．thin wafersB．the mnlightC．slar thermal energyD．the stred electricity
25．Which f the fllwing statements is NOT true?
A．Slar panels are made up f silicn.B．Slar energy can be used fr heating fd.
C．It csts mre t use slar energy than befre.D．Peple have used slar energy fr thusands f years.
【答案】22．B
23．D
24．D
25．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了太阳是很重要的。人们使用太阳能很多年了。太阳释放出比现在人们使用更多的能量。所以我们应该尽力在我们的生活中找到更多的好方法去使用它。
22．
推理判断题。根据“ If yu wn a magnifying glass, yur parents have prbably warned yu nt t leave it in the sun. Slar energy can actually make the magnifying glass burn bjects underneath it causing a fire.”和常识可知，放大镜会使物体变得更大，故选B。
23．
段落大意题。根据“We can als turn the sun’s light int electricity”分析第三段内容可知，本段主要介绍如何利用太阳能电池板将阳光转化为电能。故选D。
24．
细节理解题。根据“Peple can use the batteries（电池）which are attached t（附着于）slar panels t stre the electricity. S the stred electricity can be used t pwer cars at night r n cludy days.”可知，人们可以使用附着在太阳能电池板上的电池来储存电力，因此储存的电力可以在夜间或阴天为汽车提供动力。故选D。
25．
推理判断题。根据“Did yu knw that slar energy is nt as expensive as it used t be?”可知，太阳能不像以前那么贵了，C项表述错误。故选C。
（二十五）（2022·山西·中考真题）
Since tea spread frm China wrldwide, it has becme ne f the mst ppular drinks in the wrld. Different cuntries have their wn tea cultures, like afternn tea in England.
The traditin f afternn tea is a very special part f English culture. The custm f drinking tea became ppular in England during the 1660s. It was nt until the mid-19th century that the idea f “afternn tea” first appeared.
Afternn tea is served in the mid-afternn, between lunch and a late dinner. The idea came frm Anna, the seventh Duchess(公爵夫人) f Bedfrd, in 1840. At the time, many families wuld eat a late dinner at abut 8 p. m., which was ne f nly tw main meals each day, and the ther was a mid-mrning meal.
With a lng time between breakfast and dinner, Anna wuld becme hungry arund 4 ’clck in the afternn. S she asked sme tea, bread, butter and cakes t be brught t her rm during the late afternn. This became a habit f hers and she began inviting friends t jin her.
Later, Anna cntinued it, sending cards t her friends asking them t jin her fr “tea and a walking in the fields”.
Others sn picked up n the idea. By the 1880s, afternn tea became an event fr many ladies. They wuld be dressed beautifully t be served in the sitting rm between fur and five 'clck, talking abut the latest news, their daily life and fashin.
Tday’s afternn tea is simpler than traditinal afternn tea. It is just a biscuit r small cake and a cup f tea. Hwever, there is ne thing that has never changed—the meaning f afternn tea.
14．When did the idea f “afternn tea” first appear in England?
A．In the 1660s.B．In the 1880s.C．In the mid-19th century.
15．In the third paragraph, what des the “tw main meals” prbably refer t(指)?
A．A lunch and a late dinner.
B．A breakfast and a mid-afternn meal.
C．A mid-mrning meal and a late dinner.
16．Why did Anna ask fr tea and cakes in the afternn at first?
A．Because she felt hungry.
B．Because she lved drinking tea.
C．Because she needed t treat friends.
17．What can we infer(推断) frm the passage?
A．Afternn tea has spread all ver the wrld.
B．Peple used t drink tea mre ften than nw.
C．Afternn tea gives peple a chance t cmmunicate.
18．What is the best title f the passage?
A．Advantages f Drinking Tea
B．Develpment f Afternn Tea
C．Different Tea Cultures in the Wrld
【答案】14．C
15．C
16．A
17．C
18．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍下午茶的发展。
14．
细节理解题。根据“It was nt until the mid-19th century that the idea f “afternn tea” first appeared.”可知，直到19世纪中期，“下午茶”的概念才第一次出现。故选C。
15．
推理判断题。根据“At the time, many families wuld eat a late dinner at abut 8 p. m., which was ne f nly tw main meals each day, and the ther was a mid-mrning meal.”可知，当时，许多家庭在晚上8点左右吃晚饭，这是每天仅有的两顿主餐之一，另一顿是上午的午餐。所以此处tw main meals指的就是上午的午餐和晚一点的晚餐，故选C。
16．
细节理解题。根据“Anna wuld becme hungry arund 4 ’clck in the afternn. S she asked sme tea, bread, butter and cakes t be brught t her rm during the late afternn.”可知，安娜会在下午4点左右感到饿，于是她让人在下午晚些时候把茶、面包、黄油和蛋糕送到她的房间。故选A。
17．
推理判断题。根据“By the 1880s, afternn tea became an event fr many ladies. They wuld be dressed beautifully t be served in the sitting rm between fur and five 'clck, talking abut the latest news, their daily life and fashin.”可知，下午茶也是交流的好时间，故选C。
18．
最佳标题题。本文主要向我们介绍下午茶的发展，故选B。
（二十六）（2022·陕西·中考真题）
D yu knw the wrd migrate? It is a wrd usually used t talk abut certain animals such as birds, fish and s n. When animals migrate, they travel a lng way frm ne part f the wrld t anther accrding t the seasn. Fr example, swallws (燕子) migrate suth in winter. Many animals migrate—they d this ften at the same time and t the same place each year. They mve t places where cnditins are better—where the weather is warmer, where there is mre fd and water, r where their yung will be safer.
Peple als migrate. When peple migrate, they g t live in anther area r cuntry, especially in rder t find wrk. In English, when peple leave their hme cuntry in rder t live in anther cuntry, we use the wrd emigrate instead f migrate. Frm migrate and emigrate cme the wrds migratin and emigratin. Hwever, if peple mve frm their hme cuntry t anther t live there frever (永久地), the wrd changes frm emigrate t immigrate in the English language. Then the wrd immigratin is brn.
Isn’t wrd-making f the English language interesting? And can this prcess (过程) f finding ut the relatinships between wrds and learning them in a grup r grups be a way fr yu t learn the language?
Based n Lngman Dictinary f Cntemprary English, 6th editin.
28．Which f the fllwing situatins can match the main idea f Paragraph 1?
A．Snakes mve int hles t sleep in winter.
B．Fish swim t clean waters because f pllutin.
C．Birds fly very far away t find fd and return t give it t their babies.
D．Mnarch butterflies in Nrth America fly suth t stay away frm the cld.
29．Accrding t the passage, if peple ________ , they leave their hme cuntry t live in anther frever.
A．travelB．migrateC．emigrateD．immigrate
30．The passage is written t ________.
A．intrduce migratin f animalsB．tell readers a way f learning English
C．shw hw English wrds changeD．explain why peple migrate
【答案】28．D
29．D
30．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文由动物迁徙引出了英语的造词，告诉我们找出单词之间的关系并在一个或多个小组中学习它们也可以是学习语言的一种方式。
28．
推理判断题。根据“When animals migrate, they travel a lng way frm ne part f the wrld t anther accrding t the seasn”可知当动物迁徙时，它们会根据季节从世界的一个地方长途跋涉到另一个地方，故选项D“北美帝王蝶南飞避寒”符合第一段的主旨。故选D。
29．
细节理解题。根据“if peple mve frm their hme cuntry t anther t live there frever (永久地), the wrd changes frm emigrate t immigrate in the English language”可知如果人们从他们的祖国搬到另一个国家永远住在那里，这个词在英语中从emigrate变为immigrate。故选D。
30．
主旨大意题。本文由动物迁徙引出了英语的造词，告诉我们找出单词之间的关系并在一个或多个小组中学习它们也可以是学习语言的一种方式。故选B。
（二十七）（2022·四川成都·中考真题）
Mst peple agree that hnesty is a gd thing. But des Mther Nature agree? Animals can’t talk, but can they lie with their bdies and behavir? Animal experts may nt call it lying, but they d agree that many animals behave dishnestly t fl ther animals. Dishnesty ften helps them survive（生存）.
Many kinds f birds are very successful at fling ther animals. A bird called the plver smetimes pretends （假装） t be hurt in rder t prtect its yung. When an enemy gets clse t its nest, the plver pretends t have a brken wing. The enemy fllws the “hurt” adult, leaving the baby birds safe.
Anther kind f bird, the scrub jay, buries （埋） its fd s it always has smething t eat. Scrub jays als steal fd. They watch where thers bury their fd and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem t knw when thers are watching them. S they get back later, unbury the fd, and bury it again smewhere else.
Chimpanzees can als be sneaky. After a fight, the lsing chimpanzee will give its hand t the ther. When the winning chimpanzee puts ut its hand, t, the chimpanzees are friendly again. But an animal expert nce saw a lsing chimpanzee take the winner’s hand and start fighting again. When chimpanzees find fd, it’s natural fr them t cry ut. Then ther chimpanzees cme running. But sme clever chimpanzees learn t cry very sftly when they find fd. That way, ther chimpanzees dn’t hear them, and they dn’t need t share the fd.
31．Why des the plver pretend t be hurt?
A．T shw its friendliness.B．T save its yung.C．T catch the enemy.
32．What d clever scrub jays d with their fd?
A．They bury the fd deep.B．They watch the fd.C．They bury the fd twice.
33．What will the chimpanzee prbably d after crying sftly?
A．It will eat all the fd it finds.
B．It will share the fd with thers.
C．It will fight again with the winner.
34．Accrding t Paragraph 4, in which picture can we find a sneaky animal?
A．B．C．
35．What is the best title f the passage?
A．D animals lie?B．Hnesty r dishnesty?C．Hw d animals prtect lives?
【答案】31．B
32．C
33．A
34．C
35．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文科普了一些动物为了生存而撒谎的现象，并举了三个例子进行说明。
31．
细节理解题。根据“A bird called the plver smetimes pretends （假装） t be hurt in rder t prtect its yung.”可知，有一种叫千鸟的鸟有时会假装受伤来保护它的幼鸟，故选B。
32．
细节理解题。根据“But clever scrub jays seem t knw when thers are watching them. S they get back later, unbury the fd, and bury it again smewhere else.”可知，聪明的灌木松鸦似乎知道别人在看它们，所以它们稍后会回来，把食物挖出来，再埋在别的地方。故选C。
33．
细节理解题。根据“But sme clever chimpanzees learn t cry very sftly when they find fd. That way, ther chimpanzees dn’t hear them, and they dn’t need t share the fd.”可知，黑猩猩轻轻地叫喊之后，其他黑猩猩听不到声音，它们就不需要分享食物，故选A。
34．
推理判断题。根据“Chimpanzees can als be an animal expert nce saw a lsing chimpanzee take the winner’s hand and start fighting again.”可知，这里说的是黑猩猩也可能是狡猾的，图片中C中的狐狸与之对应，故选C。
35．
最佳标题题。根据“Animals can’t talk, but can they lie with their bdies and ften helps them survive（生存）.”以及整个文章的理解可知，本文科普了一些动物为了生存而撒谎的现象并举例进行说明，A项“动物说谎吗”最适合做标题，故选A。
（二十八）（2022·四川达州·中考真题）
D yu knw anyne brn in the Year f the Tiger? What’s their persnality like? Are they brave, strng and determined? If s, then they are a typical “tiger”.
In Chinese culture, tigers are seen as the king f all animals. They stand fr pwer, energy and prtectin. Tigers are seen as fearless animals, s that’s why in China yu can see pictures f tigers n the walls f huses and temples t ward ff (抵御) danger and disasters.
Tigers have an imprtant cultural meaning nt just in China, but acrss Asia where they live in the wild. Fr example, in Suth Krea, the animal is a symbl f justice, humanity and righteusness in lcal flk tales. Bth the 1986 Seul Asian Games and the 1988 Seul Summer Olympics used Hdri, a friendly cartn tiger, as the masct. A tiger is als n the lg f the Suth Krea natinal sccer team.
In the West, tigers are als seen as pwerful animals. And we ften use “tiger” in English. If we say smene “wrks like a tiger”, we mean he r she wrks hard. If yu want smene t calm dwn, yu can say t them “easy, tiger”. Anther famus phrase is “eye f the tiger”, which means having strength. There are als sme ther phrases abut tigers, such as “a tiger can’t change its stripes”, “paper tiger” and “have a tiger by the tail”.
31．What’s a typical “tiger” like accrding t the passage?
A．Smart and brave.B．Brave and strng.
C．Strng and utging.D．Determined and friendly.
32．Why can peple see pictures f tigers n the walls f huses and temples in China?
A．Because tigers live in the wild in Asia.
B．Because tigers are used in English phrases.
C．Because tigers are regarded as fearless animals.
D．Because tigers are used as the mascts bth in the Asian Games and in the Olympics.
33．If we want smene t calm dwn, we can use “_________”.
A．easy, tigerB．wrk like a tigerC．eye f the tigerD．a tiger can’t change its stripes
34．What’s the best title f the passage?
A．Tigers in different culturesB．Tigers in different phrases
C．Tigers—the king f all animalsD．Tigers—the cultural symbl in China
【答案】31．B
32．C
33．A
34．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了老虎在中国以及其它国家的意义。
31．
细节理解题。根据“Are they brave, strng and determined? If s, then they are a typical “tiger”.”可知，典型的“老虎”是勇敢、强壮、有决心的。故选B。
32．
细节理解题。根据“Tigers are seen as fearless animals, s that’s why in China yu can see pictures f tigers n the walls f huses and temples t ward ff (抵御) danger and disasters.”可知，老虎被视为无所畏惧的动物，这就是为什么在中国，你可以在房屋和寺庙的墙上看到老虎的图片，以抵御危险和灾难。故选C。
33．
细节理解题。根据“If yu want smene t calm dwn, yu can say t them “easy, tiger”.”可知，如果你想让某人冷静下来，你可以对他们说“easy, tiger”。故选A。
34．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了老虎在中国以及其它国家的意义，选项A“不同文化中的老虎”符合主题，故选A。
（二十九）（2022·四川达州·中考真题）
Over 100 years ag, the future leaders f the Cmmunist Party f China (CPC), including Chen Duxiu, funded the first cmmunist rganizatin in Shanghai. At that time, many yung peple went t the ffice f La Jeunesse（《新青年》）magazine -the center f the New Culture Mvement- t lk fr advice n hw t save the cuntry and the peple. Chen, funder f the magazine and leader f the mvement, gave them a warm welcme.
In August 1920, Chen asked Yu Xiusng t start the first Scialist Yuth League（SYL,社会主义青年团）. Yu became secretary f the league.
T educate mre yung peple, the league built the institute and ffered language curses. As well as learning freign languages，students wuld als study The Cmmunist Manifest（《共产党宣言》）, which paved the way fr the birth f the CPC．Its translatr Chen Wangda, then als a prfessr f Fudan University, delivered lectures.
In the 1920s, revlutinary pineers including Ma Zedng established SYLs in key cities. The first natinal cngress f the Scialist Yuth League f China was held in Guangzhu frm May 5 t 10 in 1922, marking its fficial funding. In 1925, the rganizatin changed its name t the Cmmunist Yuth League f China (CYLC).
Almst every year in May, hundreds f teenagers gather at Tuanyida Square in Guangzhu. They take an ath（宣誓）t becme members f the CYLC．The square, nw a site fr patritic （爱国的）educatin fr yung peple, is where the CYLC was brn.
Nw, the CYLC natinal cngress takes place every five years. The latest was held in Beijing in 2018. This year marks the 100th anniversary f the funding f the CYLC．The CYLC was brn during the war and gt ver a lt f difficulties in the past century.
35．Wh is the funder f La Jeunesse and leader f the New Culture Mvement?
A．Ma ZedngB．Yu XiusngC．Chen WangdaD．Chen Duxiu
36．What des the underlined wrd “established” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese?
A．发行B．认可C．查实D．建立
37．What is the right rder f the fllwing sentences accrding t the passage?
a. The latest CYLC natinal cngress was held in Beijing.
b. The Scialist Yuth League f China changed its name t the CYLC．
c. Chen Duxiu asked Yu Xiusng t start the first Scialist Yuth League.
d. The first natinal cngress f the Scialist Yuth League f China was held in Guangzhu.
A．a-d-c-bB．a-b-d-cC．c-d-b-aD．d-b-c-a
38．What’s the main idea f this passage?
A．Hw the Cmmunist Party f China was funded.
B．Hw the Cmmunist Yuth League f China was funded.
C．Hw the Cmmunist Yuth League paved the way fr the birth f the CPC．
D．Hw the students in the Cmmunist Yuth League f China learned freign languages.
【答案】35．D
36．D
37．C
38．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述中国共青团是如何创立的。
35．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Chen, funder f the magazine and leader f the mvement, gave them a warm welcme”可知，陈独秀是《新青年》杂志的创办者和新文化运动的领袖。故选D。
36．
词义猜测题。根据“revlutinary pineers including Ma Zedng”及“SYLs”可知讲述革命先驱在主要的城市建立社会主义青年团。“established”的含义是“建立”。故选D。
37．
推理判断题。根据第二段“In August 1920, Chen asked Yu Xiusng t start the first Scialist Yuth League”可知，陈独秀让俞秀松创办第一个社会主义青年团；根据第四段“The first natinal cngress f the Scialist Yuth League f China was held in Guangzhu”可知，第一次共青团全国代表大会在广州举行；根据第四段“In 1925, the rganizatin changed its name t the Cmmunist Yuth League f China”可知，社会主义青年团改名字为共青团；根据最后一段“The latest was held in Beijing in 2018”可知，最近的共青团全国代表大会在北京举行。正确的顺序是c-d-b-a。故选C。
38．
主旨大意题。文章主要讲述中国共青团是如何创立的，可归纳为“Hw the Cmmunist Yuth League f China was funded”。故选B。
（三十）（2022·四川达州·中考真题）
Mst f us are used t using jet hand dryers (喷射式干手器) in public restrms. They’re surely very cnvenient—all we need t d is t hld up ur hands fr a few secnds until they’re dry. And mre imprtantly, they’re suppsed t be hygienic (卫生的).
Hwever, a new study published in the jurnal Hspital Infectin fund that jet hand dryers actually spread mre dangerus bacteria (细菌) than paper twels.
In the study, tw restrms in each f three different hspitals in the UK, France and Italy were required t prvide bth jet air dryers and paper twels fr peple t use. But n certain days, nly either the hand dryer r the paper twel dispenser (自动出纸机) was available t use.
The scientists fund that when nly the hand dryer was available, the amunt f bacteria in the restrms was 27 times higher than n ther days.
Accrding t study leader Mark Wilcx, an expert in medical micrbilgy (微生物学) at Leeds University, UK, air dryers spread harmful bacteria all ver the rm. This means that if peple use these dryers, they’re mre likely t pick up bacteria.
At the same time, hwever, this raises the questin f why these bacteria exist in the first place if peple are washing their hands after using the restrm.
“The prblem starts because sme peple d nt wash their hands prperly,” Wilcx tld The Telegraph. In ther wrds, pr hand-washing leads t a large amunt f bacteria being left n yur hands.
39．What did the new study find accrding t the passage?
A．Using jet hand dryers was very cnvenient.
B．Jet hand dryers were suppsed t be hygienic.
C．Jet hand dryers actually spread mre dangerus bacteria than paper twels.
D．Hspitals were required t prvide bth jet air dryers and paper twels fr peple t use.
40．Hw can we stp bacteria accrding t the last paragraph?
A．By using paper twels.B．By nly using jet hand dryers.
C．By nt using public restrms.D．By washing ur hands prperly.
41．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Washing hands can prtect yu frm danger.
B．Mdern technlgy may cause mre prblems.
C．It’s cmmn t pick up bacteria in public places.
D．Scientists will find a way t imprve hand dryers.
【答案】39．C
40．D
41．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了在公共卫生间使用喷射式干手器传播更多的危险细菌，这主要原因是人们在上完厕所后不正确的洗手方式导致大量的危险细菌留在人们的手上所致。
39．
细节理解题。根据“The scientists fund that when nly the hand dryer was available, the amunt f bacteria in the restrms was 27 times higher than n ther days.”可知，科学家们发现，当只有烘干机可用时，厕所里的细菌数量是其他日子的27倍。由此推知，喷气式烘手机实际上比纸巾传播更多危险的细菌，故选C。
40．
推理判断题。根据“In ther wrds, pr hand-washing leads t a large amunt f bacteria being left n yur hands.”可知，洗手不当会导致大量细菌留在手上，所以作者建议正确洗手，故选D。
41．
推理判断题。根据“The scientists fund that when nly the hand dryer was available, the amunt f bacteria in the restrms was 27 times higher than n ther days.”可知，烘干机比纸巾传播更危险的细菌，由此推知，现代技术可能会引起更多的问题。故选B。
（三十一）（2022·四川德阳·中考真题）
Have yu ever imagined yur simple T-shirt culd act as an air cnditiner (空调) n thse ht summer days? Thanks t a discvery, that pssibility is getting clser and the T-shirt may sn be fund amng yur favrite clthing brands.
Tw inventrs tk a cmpletely new methd. They designed a special textile (纺织品) that can take in bdy heat and then send ut the energy. This new textile cls bth the bjects and things arund them thrugh a technlgy. This means that a T-shirt made f this textile lks like a nrmal T-shirt, but actually it is a device (设备) that wrks like a mirrr.
Althugh the technlgy is nt new and has been used fr years t design plastic films and special paints, its use in the textile industry fr the gd f wearers is very special and exciting. That is because, in the past, the methds we used t deal with heat thrugh clthes were nly the suggestins n wearing light clrs and chsing breathable textiles. But even when these suggestins can actually help yu feel cl, they are simply nt enugh in the httest seasn. The new textile, hwever, can reflect all kinds f light, and this can cntribute t the cling prcess. S this discvery is a real advance.
Right nw, researchers still need t test the new methd t knw hw effectively (有效) the new textile wrks while the wearers are standing r walking, and nt directly facing the sky. They als need t test hw well it wrks when T-shirts are nt clse t the skin. But it’s still a great success.
The tw inventrs are nw lking ut fr clthing brands that are interested in using their textile. One inventr said, “The new material will increase clthing prducing csts by just 10 percent. We can make it with large prductin. Everybdy can affrd a T-shirt made f this textile and the cst is basically the same as a nrmal T-shirt’s. It can d gd t everybdy.”
27．What can the new textile d?
A．Make wearers feel cl.B．Make wearers fashinable.
C．Get wearers’ health infrmatin.D．Test wearers’ bdy temperatures.
28．What d the underlined wrds “ cntribute t ” mean in Chinese?
A．减缓B．促进C．接收D．扰乱
29．What are the tw inventrs ding nw?
A．Making mney by selling the textile.B．Trying t use the textile in ther fields.
C．Trying t find ut mre secrets f the textile.D．Lking fr clthing brands t use the textile.
30．What’s the best title (标题) fr the text?
A．A Ppular BrandB．Tw Great InventrsC．A Special TextileD．Lucky Wearers
【答案】27．A
28．B
29．D
30．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述一种新的纺织品，讲述新纺织品可以让人在夏天感觉凉爽。
27．
推理判断题。根据第一段“yur simple T-shirt culd act as an air cnditiner n thse ht summer days? Thanks t a discvery, that pssibility is getting clser and the T-shirt may sn be fund amng yur favrite clthing brands”及第二段“can take in bdy heat and then send ut the energy”可知，新的纺织品可以吸收身体的热量然后释放。可推断新纺织品可以让穿衣服的人感觉凉爽。故选A。
28．
词义猜测题。根据“The new textile, hwever, can reflect all kinds f light”及“this discvery is a real advance”可知，这项新的防线是一项进步，讲述的是这种新的纺织品的好的方面，可推断短语“cntribute t”表达“促进，有利于”。故选B。
29．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The tw inventrs are nw lking ut fr clthing brands that are interested in using their textile”可知，发明者现在正在寻找对使用这种新的纺织品感兴趣的衣服品牌商。故选D。
30．
最佳标题题。文章主要讲述的是一种新的纺织品，标题可概括为“A Special Textile”。故选C。
（三十二）（2022·四川广元·中考真题）
Can yu imagine a clud flating in the middle f yur rm? D yu want t knw what it feels like t fly like a bird? Here, we have picked ut fur interesting inventins t share with yu.
Talking Glves
Fur freign students have created a pair f glves, and it helps peple t cmmunicate with peple wh have hearing and speaking prblems. The glves are equipped with sensrs (传感器). They recgnize sign language and translate it int text n a smartphne. Then the smartphne changes the text t spken wrds. Thus yu can understand sign language easily.
Ggle Glasses
Ggle Glasses are like a cmputer built int a pair f glasses. Then the glasses allw yu t surf the Internet and make calls withut even lifting a finger. The glasses als have a camera and GPS mapping system. Users can take and share phts, check maps and surf the Internet just by lking up, dwn, left and right.
Indr Cluds
That’s a real wrld. An artist, Smilde managed t create a small but perfect white clud in the middle f a rm using a fg machine. But it required careful planning — the temperature, humidity (湿度) and lighting all had t be just right. The clud nly lasted fr a shrt while, thugh.
Wingsuits
The suit realizes yur dream f flying like a bird. Well, nt exactly flying, but gliding (滑翔) thrugh the air. It increases the surface area f the human bdy, which makes it easier fr peple t flat in the air. Fliers wearing wingsuits can glide ne kilmeter in abut 30 secnds.
41．What d “Talking Glves” help peple t understand?
A．Spken wrds.B．Sign language.C．Written wrds.D．The text n the smartphne.
42．Hw can users f “Ggle Glasses” surf the Internet?
A．By speaking t the glasses.B．By tapping the keybard.
C．By lifting a finger.D．By mving the eyeballs.
43．Hw did the artist create a white clud in the rm?
A．With a fg machine.B．With right temperature.
C．With a fg machine and careful planning.D．With a fg machine and right lighting.
44．Which f the fllwing can help yu fly?
A．Talking Glves.B．Wingsuits.C．Ggle Glasses.D．Indr Cluds.
45．What’s the best title f the passage?
A．Fur Interesting InventinsB．Fur Famus Inventins
C．The Advantages f Fur InventinsD．Fur Dreams f the Future
【答案】41．B
42．D
43．C
44．B
45．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个有趣的发明。
41．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Thus yu can understand sign language easily.”可知，“Talking Glves”帮助人们去理解手语。故选B。
42．
推理判断题。根据第三段“Users the Internet just by lking up, dwn, left and right.”可知，用户只需向上、向下、向左、向右看就可以上网，即通过移动眼球的方式上网。故选D。
43．
细节理解题。根据第四段“An artist, Smilde managed t create a small but perfect white clud in the middle f a rm using a fg machine. But it required careful planning...”可知，艺术家在房间里创造出一朵白云需要：一台造雾机和精心的计划。故选C。
44．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The suit realizes yur dream f flying like a bird.”可知，“Wingsuits”可以帮助你实现像鸟一样飞翔的梦想。故选B。
45．
最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了四个有趣的发明。故选A。
（三十三）（2022·天津·中考真题）
Peple in the ffice usually sit fr mst f the day when they wrk. But this is bad fr a persn’s health. When peple sit fr t lng every day, they dn’t mve very much. S it is easy t start getting fat. Sitting t lng is als bad fr their wrk because it makes them want t sleep. When this happens, peple may make mre mistakes in their wrk r spend mre time finishing their wrk. Cmpanies need wrkers t be healthy, s hw d they fix the prblem?
Sme cmpanies have different types f desks t help their wrkers. The first type f desk is the standing desk. The desk can be taller when a persn wants t stand. It can als be shrter when the persn wants t sit. Anther type f desk is the walking desk. This desk is made s that a persn can wrk while walking at the same time.
Wrkers in the cmpanies like the different types f desks very much. They think these desks are quite useful.
31．When peple in the ffice wrk, they usually ________.
A．sitB．mveC．runD．sing
32．What des the wrd “fix” mean in Paragraph 1?
A．Cause.B．Slve.C．Bring.D．Discuss.
33．Hw many types f desks are mentined in Paragraph 2?
A．2.B．3.C．4.D．5.
34．What d the wrkers think f the different types f desks?
A．They are cheap.B．They are traditinal.C．They are useful.D．They are expensive.
35．The purpse f the passage is t ________.
A．tell us the reasns fr sittingB．shw the advantages f standing
C．intrduce desks that help peple wrk betterD．cmpare cmpanies that prvide different jbs
【答案】31．A
32．B
33．A
34．C
35．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍一些公司使用不同类型的办公桌来帮助他们的员工。
31．
细节理解题。根据“Peple in the ffice usually sit fr mst f the day when they wrk.”可知，办公室里的人通常在工作的时候大部分时间都坐着。故选A。
32．
词义猜测题。根据“Cmpanies need wrkers t be healthy, s hw d they fix the prblem?”可知，公司需要解决问题，此处fix的意思是“解决”，故选B。
33．
细节理解题。根据“The first type f desk...”可知，提到了两种类型的办公桌，故选A。
34．
细节理解题。根据“They think these desks are quite useful.”可知，员工们认为这些办公桌很有用，故选C。
35．
主旨大意题。根据“Sme cmpanies have different types f desks t help their wrkers.”可知，本文介绍一些公司使用不同类型的办公桌来帮助他们的员工，故选C。
（三十四）（2022·天津·中考真题）
Tea and cffee are tw f the mst ppular drinks in the wrld. Hwever, peple usually like ne mre than the ther. These drinks als have very different uses.
Tea drinking started in China ver 4,000 years ag. Tea is made frm leaves. These days, sme peple drink tea fr health, using it t help with stress(压力) r lsing weight. Hwever, mst peple in tea-drinking cuntries think f tea as mre than just a healthy drink. In fact, tea drinking in sme cuntries is a part f the culture. In Turkey(土耳其), tea is always there when peple meet. Whether in smene’s hme r a cmpany, tea is always ffered as a way f welcming. In the UK, hmes and ffices usually have tea time. Tea and ther dishes are served at tea time in the afternn. It is a way f relaxing with friends r c-wrkers(同事).
Cffee came much later than tea, just ver 1,000 years ag. Cffee is made frm beans. Smething in the cffee beans makes a persn feel active. Mst peple d nt drink cffee t relax. Instead, they drink cffee t get ging. Many peple drink cffee in the mrning t help them wake up. Others will als drink cffee during shrt breaks in the afternn t keep ging thrugh the wrking day. Sme peple may visit cffee shps just t meet and talk with friends. Hwever, many peple in cffee shps drink cffee while wrking n their cmputers.
Is tea r cffee mre cmmn in yur cuntry? Between the tw, which d yu like t drink mre?
36．Where did tea drinking start?
A．In Japan.B．In China.C．In Turkey.D．In the UK.
37．We can learn frm Paragraph 2 that peple in the UK ________.
A．drink tea t get fatB．ffer tea t say gdbye
C．think f tea as a bad drinkD．have tea t relax themselves
38．What is cffee made frm?
A．Leaves.B．Sugar.C．Dishes.D．Beans.
39．Which f the fllwing is NOT true accrding t Paragraph 3?
A．Cffee came much earlier than tea.
B．Many peple drink cffee t wake up.
C．Many peple wrk n their cmputers in cffee shps.
D．Sme peple meet and talk with friends in cffee shps.
40．What is the best title f the passage?
A．The Smells f Tea and CffeeB．The Prices f Tea and Cffee
C．The Different Cultures f Tea and CffeeD．The Different Ways f Making Tea and Cffee
【答案】36．B
37．D
38．D
39．A
40．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了茶和咖啡的不同文化。
36．
细节理解题。根据“Tea drinking started in China ver 4,000 years ag.”可知，饮茶起源于4000多年前的中国。故选B。
37．
细节理解题。根据“It is a way f relaxing with friends r c-wrkers(同事).”可知，在英国喝茶是一种和朋友或同事一起放松的方式。故选D。
38．
细节理解题。根据“Cffee is made frm beans.”可知，咖啡是由豆子制成的。故选D。
39．
细节理解题。根据“Cffee came much later than tea”可知，咖啡的出现比茶晚得多。故选A。
40．
最佳标题题。根据第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了茶和咖啡的不同文化。故选C。
（三十五）（2022·云南·中考真题）
We knw many musical instruments well, such as pians, vilins, drums and s n. What abut the erhu? The erhu is a traditinal Chinese instrument. It is the mst ppular f the huqin family, and it has a lng histry.
The mdern erhu develped frm the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minrities (少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty. In the Sng Dynasty, musicians began t use the erhu t perfrm different kinds f music, and it became quite a ppular instrument. With the rise f sme frms f flk art, the art f the erhu develped quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an imprtant accmpanying (伴奏) instrument in different flk music. At present, it is used in bth traditinal and mdern music, such as in pp, rck and jazz. It has even becme a sl (独奏) instrument. One f the mst famus musical pieces played n the erhu is Erquan Yingyue.
As the erhu was mainly played by cmmn peple and the playing skills were passed dwn rally (口头地), there are few written recrds abut the erhu that can be fund. T study the histry and the develpment f the erhu, histrians (历史学者) usually turn t ancient paintings. The earliest pictures f this instrument were fund in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thusand Buddha Caves in Gansu Prvince, where five erhu pictures were discvered n murals (壁画).
26．When did the erhu becme a ppular instrument?
A．In the Tang Dynasty.B．In the Sng Dynasty.
C．In the Ming Dynasty.D．In recent years.
27．T study the histry f the erhu, histrians usually ________.
A．play the mst famus erhu piecesB．listen t different kinds f flk music
C．get help frm ancient paintingsD．read sme bks abut ethnic minrities
28．Which is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．The huqin belngs t the erhu family.
B．Flk art stps the develpment f the erhu.
C．Peple can find plenty f written recrds abut the erhu.
D．The erhu is used in bth traditinal and mdern music nw.
29．Yu may read the passage in the ________ sectin f a newspaper.
A．cultureB．businessC．healthD．nature
30．The passage mainly talks abut ________.
A．the frms f flk musicB．the histry f the erhu
C．the rise f different dynastiesD．the develpment f Chinese instruments
【答案】26．B
27．C
28．D
29．A
30．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展。
26．
细节理解题。根据“In the Sng Dynasty, musicians began t use the erhu t perfrm different kinds f music, and it became quite a ppular instrument”可知，到了宋朝，它成为一种相当流行的乐器，故选B。
27．
细节理解题。根据“T study the histry and the develpment f the erhu, histrians (历史学者) usually turn t ancient paintings”可知，为了研究二胡的历史和发展，历史学家通常会研究古代绘画，故选C。
28．
推理判断题。根据“t present, it is used in bth traditinal and mdern music”可知，二胡现在在传统音乐和现代音乐中都有使用，D表述正确，故选D。
29．
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展，属于文化类，故选A。
30．
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展，故选B。
（三十六）（2022·云南·中考真题）
Wukng, Tiangng, Tianwen… D yu knw where the names f Chinese space prgrams cme frm?
Wukng, the Dark Matter Particle Explrer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superher Mnkey King. Accrding t Jurney t the West, Mnkey King has a pair f sharp eyes which can tell the difference between gd and evil. The Wukng satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Mnkey King t help scientists search fr dark matter in space.
The name f the space statin, Tiangng, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths, this is the hme f Tian Di. Nw Tiangng Space Statin is a hme fr Chinese astrnauts in space. And China welcmes freign astrnauts t Tiangng s that they can wrk tgether.
Tianwen, China’s Mars missins (任务), gets its name frm the pem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-knwn pet frm ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questins abut the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real wrld, shwing his hunger fr truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missins will end up answering sme f Qu Yuan’s questins.
If yu lk int mre names f Chinese space prgrams, yu will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese peple, have a lng-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. S the naming f Chinese space prgrams is taken very seriusly.
31．What is the Wukng satellite used fr?
A．Answering sme f Qu Yuan’s questins.
B．Finding the difference between gd and evil.
C．Helping scientists search fr dark matter in space.
D．Welcming freign astrnauts t the space statin.
32．The underlined wrd “myths” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．诗歌B．神话C．谚语D．传记
33．The name f China’s Mars missins is frm ________.
A．Qu Yuan’s pem TianwenB．an ancient nvel
C．ancient Chinese mythsD．Jurney t the West
34．Why d we take the naming f Chinese space prgrams seriusly?
A．We want t land n Mars.B．We want t prtect the Earth.
C．We have the hunger fr truth.D．We have a dream fr space.
35．Which can be the best title fr the passage?
A．What Beautiful NamesB．What a Cherished Star
C．What Excellent PemsD．What a Lng Jurney
【答案】31．C
32．B
33．A
34．D
35．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来。
31．
细节理解题。根据“The Wukng satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Mnkey King t help scientists search fr dark matter in space”可知，它用来帮助科学家寻找太空中的暗物质，故选C。
32．
词义猜测题。根据“In Chinese myths, this is the hme f Tian Di”可知，天帝是中国的神话传说，所以myths表示“神话”，故选B。
33．
细节理解题。根据“Tianwen, China’s Mars missins (任务), gets its name frm the pem Tianwen by Qu Yuan”可知，得名于屈原的《天问》，故选A。
34．
细节理解题。根据“We, the Chinese peple, have a lng-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. S the naming f Chinese space prgrams is taken very seriusly”可知，中国人民有着长久以来的太空梦。 因此，中国太空计划的命名受到了非常认真的对待，故选D。
35．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来，A选项“多么优美的名字”符合本文标题，故选A。
（三十七）（2022·浙江湖州·中考真题）
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics has already cme t an end, and Chinese athletes (运动员) have made great achievements. But hw will the stadiums (场馆) be used after the Olympics?
The designers have already cnsidered that questin in their designs (设计). The plan is t let the stadiums serve cmmn peple and increase their interest in winter sprts. Just as ne f the designers f the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics said, “The stadiums can nt nly serve prfessinal athletes in the games, but als serve the public after the games. ”
Fr example, the prfessinal ice race lanes (车道) fr athletes are 121 meters high and are nt fit fr amateurs. S the Natinal Ski and Sleigh Center has kept a special lane fr cmmn sprt-lvers. The height f the lane is abut 40 meters. This can make sure they will stay safe.
The Natinal Ski Jumping Center in Zhangjiaku, Hebei Prvince will cntinue being pen t the public fr skiing in winter and jgging in summer. In fact, peple can make use f the stadiums all year rund. On the tp f the center, peple can walk and enjy the beautiful scenery. There is als a standard ftball field that can hld 6,000 peple. Even cncerts and cultural fairs can be held there as well.
Time will tell whether the stadiums can be really made gd use f after, the Olympic Games. In China, 300 millin peple have already taken part in ice and snw sprts because f the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. Hpefully, that number will cntinue t rise with plans like these. After all, snw and ice sprts belng nt nly t talented prfessinal athletes, but als t everyne interested in them.
22．The underlined wrd “ amateurs ” in Paragraph 3 prbably refers t peple wh ______ .
A．design the stadiumsB．cmpete in the Olympics
C．d sprts fr enjymentD．wrk fr the Winter Olympics
23．It can be learned frm the passage that ______ .
A．the special ice race lane is 40 meters lwer
B．the stadiums will be used tw seasns a year
C．the ftball field in the center can hld 6,000 peple
D．300 millin peple watched the Beijing Winter Olympics
24．The passage mainly tells ______ .
A．why mre Olympic stadiums will be built
B．hw the Olympic stadiums will be made full use f
C．what will be dne t prepare fr the Olympic Games
D．hw athletes are encuraged t make greater achievements
【答案】22．C
23．C
24．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了冬奥会之后的一些体育场将如何使用的情况。
22．
词义猜测题。根据“S the Natinal Ski and Sleigh Center has kept a special lane fr cmmn sprt-lvers. The height f the lane is abut 40 meters. This can make sure they will stay safe.”可知，运动员的专业冰上跑道高121米，不适合业余运动员。因此，国家滑雪和雪橇中心为普通运动爱好者保留了一条专用车道。车道的高度约为40米。这可以确保他们的安全。所以单词“amateurs”指的是“业余爱好者”，故选C。
23．
细节理解题。根据“On the tp f the center, peple can walk and enjy the beautiful scenery. There is als a standard ftball field that can hld 6,000 peple.”可知，有一个可容纳6000人的标准足球场，故选C。
24．
主旨大意题。根据“The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics has already cme t an end, and Chinese athletes (运动员) have made great achievements. But hw will the stadiums (场馆) be used after the Olympics?”及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍冬奥会结束后，如何充分利用奥运场馆，故选B。
（三十八）（2022·浙江金华·中考真题）
Many peple may wnder what the three Chinese astrnauts’ life was like when wrking in space. In fact, they did many f the things as we d n Earth.
They brush their teeth, wash their hair and g t the bathrm. Hwever, because f the micrgravity（失重）envirnment, they take care f themselves in different ways. They wash their hair by using the nrinse shamp t get it clean because there are n real shwers in the spaceship.
Astrnauts eat three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner. But hw much they eat depends n the astrnauts. A small wman astrnaut ften needs nly abut 1,900 calries（卡路里）a day, while a large man requires abut 3,200 calries. S there are many kinds f fds ready, such as fruits, nuts, chicken, beef and seafd. They can als drink cffee, tea and range juice.
Astrnauts can have much fun, t. They lk ut f the windw, enjying the wnderful sunsets and sunrises which happen every 45 minutes. Very ften, they play with their fd r even jkes n their wrkmates. Believe it r nt, astrnauts can even spend weekends, when they can watch mvies, play music, read bks and talk t their families.
After a lng day at wrk, ________. Just like n Earth, an astrnaut ges t bed at a certain time, then wakes up and prepares fr wrk again. But there are a few differences. Astrnauts have t sleep in sleeping bags in special cabins（柜子）. Generally, astrnauts are planned t have eight hurs f sleep. Like n Earth, they may wake up in the middle f their sleep t use the tilet. And astrnauts als have dreams.
As fr Wang Yaping, she had anther experience—preparing fr lessns fr the Chinese students far dwn n Earth.
23．The passage mainly talks abut ________.
A．hw astrnauts wrk in spaceB．what it is like inside a spaceship
C．what kind f peple can be astrnautsD．astrnauts’ daily life in the spaceship
24．Frm the passage we can learn that astrnauts ________.
A．have t take shwers every tw daysB．are nt allwed t play jkes in space
C．can have many kinds f fds fr their mealsD．seldm have dreams when they sleep in space
25．Which f the fllwing can be put in the ________ in Paragraph 5?
A．it is time t make a phne callB．reading is what an astrnaut needs
C．listening t music sunds like a gd ideaD．nthing is better than a gd night’s sleep
26．What was Wang Yaping’s special experience in space?
A．Making different kinds f fds.B．Taking care f the ther astrnauts.
C．Writing a reprt abut space travel.D．Giving a lessn t students n Earth.
【答案】23．D
24．C
25．D
26．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了太空中的生活是什么样的。
23．
主旨大意题。根据“Many peple may wnder what the three Chinese astrnauts’ life was like when wrking in space”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了太空中的生活是什么样的。故选D。
24．
细节理解题。根据“S there are many kinds f fds ready”可知宇航员有很多种类的食物可以吃。故选C。
25．
推理判断题。根据“After a lng day at like n Earth, an astrnaut ges t bed at a certain time”可知在一天的工作之后，宇航员会去睡觉，选项D“没有什么比睡个好觉更好的了”放空格处更合适。故选D。
26．
细节理解题。根据“she had anther experience—preparing fr lessns fr the Chinese students far dwn n Earth”可知王亚平的特殊经历是为远在地球上的中国学生备课。故选D。
（三十九）（2022·浙江金华·中考真题）
①Have yu ever shwn yur phts n yur favrite scial media（媒体）? Or have yu expressed yur feelings and emtins n yur nline page? If yes, d yu knw what yu have psted n the scial medias can cause prblems yu culd nt expect?
②Cathy, wh is ging t be fifteen, psted nline an invitatin t her birthday party with her address in it. And guess what! 500 peple came t the party, and sme even brke the windws and plants, making a ttal mess f the huse. The girl’s birthday party turned int a nightmare（噩梦）.
③Many teenagers（青少年）think they knw everything abut scial media, and that such a thing culd never happen t them. Studies shw that each year mre than three millin yung peple in the wrld get int truble because f their nline activities.
④S d remember these if yu really want t share smething nline.
⑤Share with care! Nt everyne will like what yu write nline. Think befre yu pst anything. Yu never knw wh sees yur texts, pictures r vides. Befre clicking “pst”, yu shuld ask yurself, “Hw will I feel if my family r teachers see this?” and “Hw might this pst be bad fr me in five r ten years frm nw?”
⑥Be plite when yu write! Imagine smene is unfriendly in real life. The same is true f nline cmmunicatin. N ne likes it when yu “shut” in yur messages. If yu feel angry r frustrated while yu’re writing a message, wait a bit. Read it again later and then send it.
⑦Prtect and respect! Never share yur passwrds with anyne. It’s nt wise t pst yur hme r email address nline. Dn’t say bad things abut peple. If yu get messages like that r see them nline, talk t yur parents r yur teachers.
⑧I’d say nne f these things prmises 100% nline safety, but each will help yu t be safer.
27．The writer starts t intrduce the tpic by ________.
A．telling striesB．giving examplesC．asking questinsD．sharing experiences
28．The party turned int a nightmare because Cathy ________.
A．made a ttal mess f the huse.B．shared the phts f her huse nline
C．invited hundrends f peple t her partyD．psted an invitatin with her address nline
29．The writer uses the mark “!” in the underlined sentences f Paragraphs 5~7 t ________.
A．draw the readers’ attentinB．give rders that readers shuld fllw
C．express the strng feelings f wrryD．give the decisins that have been made
30．What des the writer mean by saying the last sentence?
A．Yu shuld spend much less time nline.
B．It’s necessary t think befre yu act nline.
C．Yu have t make a prmise befre yu g nline.
D．If yu want t be safer nline, d as the writer suggests.
【答案】27．C
28．D
29．A
30．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文以Cathy为例，介绍了在社交媒体上分享照片的危害，并介绍了如何在分享照片同时保护自己安全的建议。
27．
推理判断题。根据第一段的三个问句可知，作者是通过问问题来引出主题，故选C。
28．
细节理解题。根据“Cathy, wh is ging t be fifteen, psted nline an invitatin t her birthday party with her address in it”可知，因为她在社交媒体上发布了这个派对的地址，而导致让这场派对成为了一个噩梦，故选D。
29．
推理判断题。根据“S d remember these if yu really want t share smething nline”及下文介绍的内容可知，以下是介绍了保护自己安全的建议，加这个符号的目的是为了吸引读者的注意，故选A。
30．
推理判断题。根据“I’d say nne f these things prmises 100% nline safety, but each will help yu t be safer”可知，作者提供的这些建议会让你更安全，目的是为了让你在社交媒体上发布照片之前要三思而后行，故选B。
（四十）（2022·浙江丽水·中考真题）
If yu find a fun and free activity at the weekend, then a Parkrun event is great fr yu, yur family and friends. Mre than 2.5 millin peple in abut 750 places arund the wrld have run, jgged, walked r used a wheelchair t cmplete a Parkrun since it started 18 years ag.
Sme peple treat it like a race, but mst enjy just being utside, getting exercise and having a nice time with thers. Parkruns and Junir Parkruns are set up in safe pen places such as beaches, fields, frests and parks.
Parkruns happen n a Saturday and there are ften special Parkruns n Christmas and New Year’s Day. A Parkrun cvers a distance f 5 km and runners must register (注册) nce nline befre ging fr a run. Registering gives yu a barcde(special printed numbers readable by a cmputer), which means yur time is recrded when yu d a Parkrun. Parkrun is fun fr all ages, but if yu are under 11, yu must run with an adult.
Junir Parkruns happen n Sundays ver a distance f 2 km and yu need a registratin and a barcde fr thse, t. Yu must be aged between 4 and 14 and yu dn’t have t run with an adult. Althugh adults can run and supprt yu, they are asked nt t run acrss the finish line. After cmpleting 11, 21, 50 and then 100 Junir Parkruns, yu can get a different clured wristband t mark yur achievement.
A teen runner Ralph says, “Junir Parkrun at the park in my neighbrhd is a weekly highlight. I lve all sprts, but I find ding Parkrun every week builds up my fitness and energy. Run, jg r walk—Parkrun is a free, fun and friendly activity. It’s great meeting up with my friends and running the 2 km every week tgether.”
With the help f an adult, head t tinyurl.cm/TWJ- parkrun fr infrmatin and t find a Parkrun that takes place near yu.
19．Accrding t the passage, mst peple take part in Parkruns t ________.
A．win prizes in the parkB．make friends and help thers
C．stay with their familiesD．have fun and take exercise utside
20．Cmpared t Parkruns, Junir Parkruns ________.
A．welcme mre peple f all ages
B．cver a much shrter distance
C．are held in safer and pener places
D．need a registratin fr mre barcdes
21．In Paragraph 5, Ralph mainly talks abut ________.
A．why he likes ParkrunsB．where he des Parkruns
C．wh he runs Parkruns withD．when he taken part in Parkruns
22．The writer writes the passage t ________.
A．share the lng histry f Parkruns
B．encurage teenagers t d Parkruns
C．invite peple t cmpete in Parkruns
D．ask adults t becme Parkrur vlunteers
【答案】19．D
20．B
21．A
22．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述了公园跑这项运动，介绍它的参赛方式，要求以及获得的乐趣。
19．
细节理解题。根据“Sme peple treat it like a race, but mst enjy just being utside, getting exercise and having a nice time with thers”可知，大部分人参加这项跑步是为了在户外锻炼身体以及获得乐趣，故选D。
20．
细节理解题。根据“A Parkrun cvers a distance f 5 km”以及“Junir Parkruns happen n Sundays ver a distance f 2 km”可知，初级的公园跑的距离更短一些，故选B。
21．
主旨大意题。根据“I lve all sprts, but I find ding Parkrun every week builds up my fitness and energy”可知，此段主要是Ralph讲述自己喜欢公园跑的原因，故选A。
22．
主旨大意题。本文是公园跑这项运动的广告信息，介绍了这种运动的好处，目的是为了鼓励青少年参与进来，故选B。
（四十一）（2022·浙江丽水·中考真题）
When yu, as a child, first picked up a crayn, a line might have been the first mark yu make. Yu use lines t write numbers, symbls, and the letters f the alphabet. The lines n a map help yu find the best rute frm ne place t anther. Yu use lines t draw pictures.
▲ Yu can see lines in the grain (纹理) f a piece f wd r in the cracks n a sidewalk. Yu can see lines utside a building r in the field. Lines are used t create wrds, numbers, and symbls. They are als used t create art. In drawing, line is an element (要素) f art that is the path f a mving pint thrugh space.
Artists use lines t lead yur eyes thrugh a wrk f art. They create lines in many ways. A line can be drawn n paper with a pencil r scratched int wet clay with stick. Depending n its directin, a line can express different ideas r feelings. This is why line is an imprtant element in the language f art.
Lines are used t express different images in Chinese calligraphic drawing. The wrd calligraphy means beautiful handwriting. In China, calligraphy is used t frm characters (汉字) that represent the language. Hwever, characters are mre than just a letter f the alphabet. They are like pictures. They can represent an idea, an bject, r a verbal sund. Calligraphic lines are usually made with brushstrkes that change frm thin t thick in ne strke. T make a very thin line, artists use the tip f the brush. As yu press n the brush and mre f it tuches the paper, the line becmes wider. (See the painting n the right, the lng, flwing leaves f the rchid [兰花] plant in the rcks are made with ne flwing brushstrke. )
Nw practice making calligraphic lines with ink r waterclr paint. Use brushes, bth thin and thick, t draw a leaf r a vegetable with lines.
23．The passage mainly talks abut ________.
A．linesB．calligraphyC．paintingsD．brushstrkes
24．Which f the fllwing can be put in ▲ in Paragraph 2 as a tpic sentence?
A．Artists lve lines.B．Paintings need lines.
C．Lines are everywhere.D．Lines can d everything.
25．Chinese calligraphic drawing is used as a(n) ________ in the passage.
A．reasnB．exampleC．methdD．pinin
26．The passage is mst prbably taken frm a textbk f ________.
A．histryB．mathC．artD．science
【答案】23．A
24．C
25．B
26．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了线条在艺术和书法上的作用。
23．
主旨大意题。本文主要围绕“线条”来展开描述，故选A。
24．
推理判断题。根据“Yu can see lines in the grain (纹理) f a piece f wd r in the cracks n a sidewalk. Yu can see lines utside a building r in the field”可知，线条无处不在，你到处都能看到线条，故选C。
25．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，文章以中国书法为例，来解释线条表达的不同内容，故选B。
26．
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了线条在艺术和书法上的作用，属于艺术范畴，故选C。
（四十二）（2022·浙江绍兴·中考真题）
During wrk hurs, amng the sunds f machines, the kitchen f Bach’s Bakery (面包房) is especially tidy and quiet, nt because f any rules against talking during wrk hurs, but because all f the wrkers have a hearing disability. They are hard-wrking and prfessinal in their wrk, and use sign language t cmmunicate with each ther frm time t time.
Bach’s Bakery lies in Changsha City, Hunan Prvince. It is run by a German cuple, Uwe Brutzer and his wife Drthee Brutzer, wh started it up ten years ag with the purpse f creating mre jbs fr thse disabled in the neighbrhd. S far, Bach’s Bakery has trained arund 30 hearing disabled peple. While sme skilled wrkers fund jbs in ther bakeries and htels and have been able t live n their wn, several f them have stayed t wrk at the bakery after they cmpleted the training.
The Brutzers’ wrk has wn the supprt f many peple in China. With the spread f news abut the bakery, many Internet users learned abut Bach’s Bakery and its inspiring stry. As a result, many lcal peple in Changsha as well as visitrs frm ther parts f the cuntry cme t buy their prducts, Uwe said that public attentin has encuraged them a lt and helped grw the bakery’s business, resulting in wrkers getting higher pay. Hwever, what he values mre is that, thrugh media (媒体) reprts, mre peple have cme t understand that disabled peple can wrk as well as ther peple when they are given chances.
Nw, as they are preparing t return t Germany, they have fund a German cuple teaching in China as the new managers, and handed ver the bakery t a public welfare (福利) rganizatin. Their wish is t cntinue prviding free training fr the hearing disabled and that the bakery will never be changed int a shp with mneymaking as its main gal.
19．The wrkers in Bach’s Bakery use sign language because ________.
A．their bss desn’t allw them t talkB．machines make t much nise
C．they can’t cmmunicate in spken wrdsD．heavy wrk keeps them t busy t speak
20．It can be inferred frm Paragraph 2 that Bach’s Bakery ________.
A．als ffers jbs t peple utside HunanB．helps its wrkers live independently
C．requires its wrkers nt t leave after trainingD．has mre than 30 wrkers nw
21．In Uwe’s pinin, the greatest value f public attentin is that ________.
A．disabled wrkers are paid mreB．his shp becmes mre ppular
C．the disabled are better understdD．sales f their prducts get strnger
22．What’s the best title fr the passage?
A．A Silent BakeryB．A Special WishC．The Success f the DisabledD．The Rules f Bach’s Bakery
【答案】19．C
20．B
21．C
22．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了一个员工都是听力障碍者的面包房，它给这些残疾人提供了独立生活的机会。
19．
细节理解题。根据“but because all f the wrkers have a hearing disability. They are hard-wrking and prfessinal in their wrk, and use sign language t cmmunicate with each ther frm time t time”可知他们用手语交流，因为他们都是听力障碍者，不能用口语交流。故选C。
20．
推理判断题。根据“While sme skilled wrkers fund jbs in ther bakeries and htels and have been able t live n their wn,”可知一些技术工人在其他面包店和酒店找到了工作并且已经能够自己生活。故选B。
21．
细节理解题。根据“Hwever, what he values mre is that, thrugh media (媒体) reprts, mre peple have cme t understand that disabled peple can wrk as well as ther peple when they are given chances”可知他更看重的是，通过媒体的报道让更多的人了解到残疾人在有机会的情况下可以和其他人一样工作。故选C。
22．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了一个员工都是听力障碍者的面包房，它给这些残疾人提供了独立生活的机会，以选项A“一个沉默的面包房”为标题更合适。故选A。
（四十三）（2022·浙江绍兴·中考真题）
“I wish I had straight hair”; “I’d like t be taller”. At times, we all want t lk a bit mre like smene else. Hwever, the pictures we see n TV and scial media can give us imprper ideas abut hw ur bdies “shuld” lk. The truth is that everybdy is different — and that’s a gd thing. Accepting and feeling gd abut ur bdies is really imprtant fr ur self cnfidence (自信).
Bdy cnfidence is when smene accepts and behaves kindly twards their bdy. That includes ur size and shape, skin clr, appearance and any physical disabilities. Jade Parnell frm the Centre fr Appearance Research (CAR), says that having bdy cnfidence is “abut being accepting f yur bdy and what it des fr yu”.
If yu feel psitively (积极地) abut yur bdy, yu are mre likely t take care f it. Research has even shwn that yu are mre likely t take part in activities and perfrm well in schl. Hwever, feeling agitated abut yur bdy culd make yu step back, d less well at schl and even feel dwn. Parnell says that the cst f trying t achieve the “perfect” appearance is high. She says, “If yu re spending a lt f time trying t lk a certain way, yu will have less time t spend with friends and t make imprtant memries.”
It’s imprtant t remember that everybdy is different. T develp a psitive bdy image, Parnell says, “Try t talk psitively abut yur wn bdy and ther peple’s bdies. Try nt t pay t much attentin t appearance. Instead, think abut what yur bdy des fr yu; d yur legs make yu run really fast?” She als suggests treating yur bdy well by eating different kinds f fds, exercising t feel gd and t have fun, and getting plenty f sleep. Remember that yu are mre than hw yu lk.
23．The writer thinks that the pictures n TV and scial media ________.
A．are perfect fr peple t fllwB．may spread wrng ideas f lks
C．imply everyne is differentD．shw peple hw t behave kindly
24．The underlined wrd “agitated” prbably means “________”.
A．scaredB．seriusC．carelessD．wrried
25．Parnell will agree that yu shuld ________.
A．accept yur bdy as it isB．avid talking abut thers’ bdies
C．spend mre mney n yur appearanceD．remember what yu used t be like
26．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T encurage readers t take mre exercise.B．T remind readers nt t eat t much fd.
C．T lead readers t build up bdy cnfidence.D．T advise readers t treat their friends well.
【答案】23．B
24．D
25．A
26．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了我们要积极地看待自己的身体，要有身体自信。
23．
细节理解题。根据“Hwever, the pictures we see n TV and scial media can give us imprper ideas abut hw ur bdies “shuld” lk”可知我们在电视和社交媒体上看到的图片可能会给我们传递错误的外貌观念。故选B。
24．
词义猜测题。根据“feeling agitated abut yur bdy culd make yu step back, d less well at schl and even feel dwn”可知你会后退，在学校表现不佳，甚至感到沮丧，是因为你担心你的身体，故此处划线部分意为“担心”。故选D。
25．
细节理解题。根据“that having bdy cnfidence is “abut being accepting f yur bdy and what it des fr yu”.”可知Parnell认为要接受自己的身体原本的样子。故选A。
26．
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了我们要积极地看待自己的身体，要有身体自信。故选C。
（四十四）（2022·浙江绍兴·中考真题）
If yu lk arund the rm yu are in right nw, yu’ll prbably ntice a number f electrnics. But can yu imagine if they all had t be jined tgether by wires (电线)? Picture the wire snaking alng the flr, fr example, frm yur smartphne t yur speaker, r cnnecting yur game cntrller t the cmputer screen, meaning yu culd never sit mre than a cuple f meters away frm it. A wrld f electrnics cnnected by wires wuldn’t just be untidy, but a pssible danger, t. That’s where Bluetth cmes in. We’ve all heard f it — but what exactly is it?
Bluetth is a methd f shrt-distance (短距离) wireless cmmunicatin between electrnics that makes use f the pwer f radi waves. The idea was first thught f by Dr. Janp Haartsen at Swedish mbile cmpany Ericssn in 1994. Things really stepped up in September 1998 when the Bluetth Special Interest Grup (SIG) was set up t develp and spread the technlgy. Bluetth 1.0 came ut in 1999, and a year later it began t be used in mbile phnes and desktp cmputers. Nw Bluetth has becme an increasingly ppular way f slving the prblem f mre and mre electrnics needing t be cnnected. withut having t cnnect everything tgether with wires.
But if yu lk at the remte cntrl (温控器) yu use t chse the prgram n TV, yu might rightly ask yurself why Bluetth was such a big deal. After all, cnnecting bjects with infrared signals (红外信号) which can’t be seen had been dne befre. The prblem with remte cntrls is that they need t keep what is called “line f sight”. If smething is standing between the remte cntrl and receiver, it wn’t wrk. Because Bluetth uses radi waves, the things standing in the way are n lnger a prblem.
Since its creatin in the late 1990s, the technlgy has becme mre and mre imprved and widely used, with the 4 billinth Bluetth bjects shipped in 2020.
27．Hw des the writer lead in the tpic “Bluetth” in Paragraph 1?
A．By describing scenes.B．By cmparing facts.C．By telling stries.D．By explaining reasns.
28．With the setting up f SIG, Bluetth ________.
A．started t be used in carsB．made radi waves knwn t peple
C．imprved and spread quicklyD．was able t cnnect all electrnics
29．Frm Paragraph 3, we mainly get t knw the ________ f Bluetth.
A．develpmentB．ppularityC．standardD．advantage
30．________ will mst prbably be interested in this text.
A．Phne sellersB．Technlgy fansC．Newspaper reprtersD．Histry lvers
【答案】27．A
28．C
29．D
30．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了蓝牙的发展过程。
27．
推理判断题。根据“If yu lk arund the rm yu are in right nw, yu’ll prbably ntice a number f electrnics...”可知第一段描述了一个由电线连接的电子世界，不仅不整洁，而且也很危险，由此引出了本文的话题——蓝牙，所以作者通过描述一个场景引出话题。故选A。
28．
细节理解题。根据“Things really stepped up in September 1998 when the Bluetth Special Interest Grup (SIG) was set up t develp and spread the technlgy”可知蓝牙特别兴趣小组 (SIG) 用以开发和传播该技术。故选C。
29．
主旨大意题。根据“But if yu lk at the remte cntrl (温控器) yu use t chse the prgram n TV, yu might rightly ask yurself why Bluetth was such a big deal”以及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了蓝牙的优势。故选D。
30．
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了蓝牙的发展过程，所以科技爱好者会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选B。
（四十五）（2022·四川乐山·中考真题）
D yu think nly humans are crazy abut electrnic prducts? Yu are wrng. 12 zs in the United States and Canada have carried ut (实施) a prgramme called Apps fr Apes (大猩猩). It has fund that the apes are als interested in playing iPads.
“We find that, similar t peple, the apes like tuching the screen and watching shrt vides,” said Richard Zimmerman, a manager f the prgramme.
The apes in these zs can play iPads twice a week. Every time, they spend frm 15 minutes t half an hur using different apps in iPads. They are mst interested in apps fr children, such as drawing, music and memry games.
Zimmerman said, “It’s like when we’re shwing pp-up bks (立体书) t children. The apes are amng the mst intelligent (智能的) animals, they are as clever as yung children.”
The wrkers in the z are als studying hw cmmunicatin apps can help the apes better. “We find that an ape has a tthache. He wuld be able t tuch a picture f a tth n the iPad and cmmunicate in that way,” said Zimmerman.
The prgramme wants t make peple pay attentin t the living prblems f apes in the wild. The apes are in danger because peple cut dwn t many frests.
36．Hw many times can the apes play iPads in a week?
A．Tw times.B．Three times.C．Fur times.
37．Which f the fllwing apps can make apes mst interested in?
A．Wrking.B．Shpping.C．Painting.
38．What can we learn abut apes frm the article?
A．Apes can make pp-up bks.
B．Apes are as smart as yung children.
C．Apes use apps t prtect themselves.
39．Hw des the ape cmmunicate when it has a tthache?
A．By tuching the picture.B．By telling the dctr.C．By shwing its nse.
40．Where is this article mst prbably frm?
A．A magazine abut children.B．A magazine abut animals.C．A magazine abut hbbies.
【答案】36．A
37．C
38．B
39．A
40．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了猩猩也对玩iPad感兴趣，通过此次试验，想让人们关注野生猿类的生存问题。
36．
细节理解题。根据“The apes in these zs can play iPads twice a week.”可知，这些动物园里的猩猩每周可以玩两次iPad。故选A。
37．
细节理解题。根据“They are mst interested in apps fr children, such as drawing, music and memry games.”可知，他们最感兴趣的是针对儿童的应用程序，如绘画、音乐和记忆游戏。故选C。
38．
细节理解题。根据“The apes are amng the mst intelligent (智能的) animals, they are as clever as yung children.”可知，猿类是最聪明的动物之一，它们和小孩子一样聪明。故选B。
39．
细节理解题。根据“We find that an ape has a tthache. He wuld be able t tuch a picture f a tth n the iPad and cmmunicate in that way”可知，他可以触摸iPad上的牙齿图片，并通过这种方式进行交流。故选A。
40．
推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，科学家通过实验发现，猩猩也对玩iPad感兴趣，因此文章与动物有关，故选B。
（四十六）（2022·四川泸州·中考真题）
March 21 is Wrld Sleep Day. Here are sme facts abut sleep.
Sleep at advised times
In 2021, the Ministry f Educatin（MOE）advised that junir and senir high schl students shuld g t bed befre 10 pm and 11 pm respectively（分别的）.
Hw d astrnauts sleep
Just like n Earth, a persn in space ges t bed at night and then wakes up the next day. But in space there is n up r dwn, and yu d nt feel the pull f gravity（重力）. As a result, astrnauts usually sleep in fixed sleeping bags.
Earwrms happen while sleeping
Sme peple enjy listening t music a lt. While we’re awake, the music we knw well keeps ringing in ur ears, which is called earwrms（耳虫现象）. This can happen during sleep as well, which culd cause prblems in getting t sleep and staying asleep.
Sleep with yur pet
Pets, like dgs and cats, d nt sleep cntinuusly and they will ften get up and walk n the bed, which can make yu sleep even wrse.
But recent studies fund that having pets in the bed may help peple wh are ften wrried. The pets, like sft tys, can help cut dwn their wrry.
Scks can help us sleep
Studies have shwn that wearing scks t bed can help yu fall asleep faster!
Hands and feet help exchange（交换）heat between the far ends f the bdy and the heart. Wearing scks means an increase f bld t yur hands and feet, which cuts dwn yur cre（核心的）bdy temperature. The lwer the cre bdy temperature is, the faster yu fall asleep.
41．Accrding t MOE, junir high schl students shuld _________.
A．g t bed befre 10 pmB．g t bed befre 11 pm
C．sleep at least 10 hurs a dayD．sleep at least 11 hurs a day
42．Why d astrnauts sleep in fixed sleeping bags?
A．Because there is n bed in the space statin.B．Because there is n pull f gravity in space.
C．Because sleeping bags are cmfrtable.D．Because the spaceship is t small.
43．Accrding t the passage, earwrms can ________.
A．be bad fr sleep qualityB．imprve music ability
C．help peple fall asleep quicklyD．appear nly during the day
44．Hw des wearing scks help us sleep?
A．By making feet warmer than hands.B．By increasing bld t hands and feet.
C．By making cre bdy temperature higher.D．By exchanging heat between hands and feet.
45．Which f the fllwing statements abut sleep is true accrding t the passage?
A．Wrld Sleep Day falls in the fifth mnth each year.
B．The sleeping bag is the best chice fr sleep.
C．Sleeping with pets helps wrried peple.
D．Music can help peple sleep lnger.
【答案】41．A
42．B
43．A
44．B
45．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了关于睡眠的一些事实。
41．
细节理解题。根据“junir and senir high schl students shuld g t bed befre 10 pm”可知初中生晚上10点前要睡觉。故选A。
42．
细节理解题。根据“yu d nt feel the pull f gravity（重力）. As a result, astrnauts usually sleep in fixed sleeping bags”可知太空中没有重力，所以宇航员睡在睡袋里。故选B。
43．
细节理解题。根据“This can happen during sleep as well, which culd cause prblems in getting t sleep and staying asleep”可知耳虫现象会造成睡觉问题，所以对睡眠质量有不好的影响。故选A。
44．
细节理解题。根据“Wearing scks means an increase f bld t yur hands and feet”可知穿袜子意味着手脚血液增加，这会降低你的核心体温。故选B。
45．
细节理解题。根据“But recent studies fund that having pets in the bed may help peple wh are ften wrried”可知和宠物睡觉可能会帮助那些经常担心的人。故选C。
（四十七）（2022·四川泸州·中考真题）
China will have 75 percent f its wild animals n land under the natinal key prtectin system by 2025, the Natinal Frestry and Grassland Administratin（国家林业和草原局）said. Its annuncement tk place n Sunday, which happened t be the Internatinal Day fr Bilgical Diversity（多样性）.
The administratin said that part f China’s achievements in prtecting wild animals lie in setting wild animals int nature reserves（保护区）after human breeding（繁殖）. It said that nine milu deer（麋鹿）recently came int the wrld in the Daqingshan Natinal Nature Reserve in Inner Mnglia. They are babies f the milu deer, r Pere David’s deer, wh were set int the wild in September fllwing human breeding in Beijing and Jiangsu prvince.
Accrding t the administratin, human breeding has helped t increase the ppulatin f sme animal kinds that had befre disappeared in the wild, such as milu deer and Przewalski’s hrses. There are nw arund 10,000 milu deer and arund 700 Przewalski’s hrses. As fr ther wild ppulatins, the giant panda ppulatin has increased frm 1,114 in the 1980s t 1,864. The number f wild Asian elephants has increased frm abut 180 t 300 ver the same perid.
The administratin plans t imprve the prtectin f wild animals—including giant pandas, Siberian tigers, Asian elephants, and snw lepards.
At the same time, the gvernment has made mre effrts t punish unlawful trading in wildlife, which als helps with the increase f wild animals.
46．Hw many kinds f wild animals are mentined in the passage?
A．5.B．6.C．7.D．8.
47．What was the ppulatin f wild Asian elephants in the 1980s?
A．Abut 120.B．Abut 180.C．Abut 700.D．Abut 1,114.
48．What d we knw abut milu deer frm the passage?
A．Milu deer nce disappeared in the wild.
B．Nine milu deer were set int the wild in September.
C．75 percent f milu deer are being prtected by the natin.
D．Human breeding plays the biggest part in their ppulatin increase.
49．Accrding t the passage, what has China dne t prtect wild animals?
A．Planting mre trees.B．Cntrlling human breeding.
C．Preventing unlawful selling and buying.D．Setting a natinal day fr bilgical diversity.
50．What des the passage mainly want t tell us?
A．Human breeding.B．Animal diversity.C．Wildlife prtectin.D．Endangered animals.
【答案】46．B
47．B
48．A
49．C
50．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了中国加大力度对野生动物的保护，通过人工繁殖来增加濒临灭绝的动物，也加大了对野生动物非法交易的惩罚力度。
46．
细节理解题。根据“milu deer”“Przewalski’s hrses”“giant panda”“Asian elephants”“Siberian tigers”以及“snw lepards”可知，一共提到了六种野生动物，故选B。
47．
细节理解题。根据“…in the 1980s t 1,864. The number f wild Asian elephants has increased frm abut 180 t 300 ver the same perid.”可知，在20世纪80年代野生亚洲象的数量约是180，故选B。
48．
细节理解题。根据“human breeding has helped t increase the ppulatin f sme animal kinds that had befre disappeared in the wild, such as milu deer and Przewalski’s hrses”可知，麋鹿曾经在野外消失，故选A。
49．
细节理解题。根据“At the same time, the gvernment has made mre effrts t punish unlawful trading in wildlife, which als helps with the increase f wild animals”可知，政府加大了对野生动物非法交易的惩罚力度，这也有助于野生动物的增加，故选C。
50．
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了中国通过人工繁殖以及加大对非法买卖的惩罚，来保护野生动物，故选C。
（四十八）（2022·四川眉山·中考真题）
Fr years, it has been said that newspapers are at death’s dr. Each f the past few years has seen many newspapers say gdbye t their readers. But why is the situatin s terrible fr newspapers?
Newspapers have a lng histry. The first newspaper was printed in the 1600s. The industry experienced its mst successful time in the early 20th century.
With the appearance f radi and TV, hwever, newspaper circulatin（发行量）began t fall. By the mid-20 century, radi and TV had becme s ppular that peple n lnger had t depend n newspapers fr news. This was especially true fr the latest news.
Afternn newspapers were the first t suffer. Mre and mre peple cming hme frm wrk turned n the TV, instead f pening a newspaper. But generally, newspapers still managed t survive（生存）. Althugh they culdn’t cmpete with TV in spreading the latest news, they culd prvide in-depth reprts that TV news culd nt.
But newspapers suffered anther heavier blw in the 1990s. With the appearance f the Internet, lts f infrmatin became free. Many newspaper readers realized that they culd cnveniently read news nline fr free. There seemed t be little reasn any lnger fr them t pay fr a newspaper.
S what will the future f newspapers be like? Will newspapers die? Maybe nt. Many newspapers are nw changing. Sme are ging digital（数字化的）. Sme are ging even farther by taking the industry t places it has never been t. After all, peple still want the news. And many agree that newspapers are imprtant fr in-depth news and pinins. If newspapers were t cmpletely disappear, there wuld be nthing t take their place.
23．When was the first newspaper printed?
A．In the 1600s.B．In the 1900s.
C．In the early 20th century.D．In the mid-20th century.
24．Hw did newspapers manage t survive against cmpetitin frm TV?
A．By ging digital.B．By wrking with TV.
C．By including mre pictures.D．By fcusing n in-depth reprts.
25．Newspapers suffered again in the 1990s because ________.
A．peple lst interest in reading newsB．newspapers became mre expensive
C．TV started t fcus n in-depth newsD．peple culd read news nline fr free
26．Which f the fllwing wuld the writer mst likely agree with?
A．The future f newspapers is hpeless.B．The future f newspapers is still uncertain.
C．Many newspapers will die in the near future.D．Afternn newspapers will becme ppular again.
【答案】23．A
24．D
25．D
26．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了报纸的历史、兴衰、以及未来趋势。
23．
细节理解题。根据“The first newspaper was printed in the 1600s.”可知，第一份报纸印刷于17世纪。故选A。
24．
细节理解题。根据“Althugh they culdn’t cmpete with TV in spreading the latest news, they culd prvide in-depth reprts that TV news culd nt.”可知，报纸能在电视的竞争中生存下来是因为它们可以提供电视新闻无法提供的深度报道。 故选D。
25．
细节理解题。根据“With the appearance f the Internet, lts f infrmatin became free. Many newspaper readers realized that they culd cnveniently read news nline fr free. There seemed t be little reasn any lnger fr them t pay fr a newspaper.”可知，20世纪90年代，报纸再次受挫，是因为人们可以免费在线阅读新闻，所以人们似乎再也没有理由为报纸付费了。故选D。
26．
推理判断题。根据“S what will the future f newspapers be like? Will newspapers die? Maybe nt.”可知，作者认为报纸的未来是不确定的，故选B。
（四十九）（2022·四川眉山·中考真题）
D yu have difficulty falling asleep at night? If s, here is a piece f advice fr yu: Listen t sme sft music.
Scientists have fund that sft music can help t imprve sleep quality and quantity（量）. This wrks fr sleepers f all ages, and even fr thse with sleeping prblems. Sft music can help us fall asleep better, wake up less during the night and feel mre relaxed in the mrning. Yu may nt ntice the effects（功效）vernight, thugh. It culd take as many as 3 weeks t see any imprvements.
Why can sft music help us sleep better? The reasns aren’t clear yet. It may cnnect with the relaxing effect f a gd sng. Music can have real physical effects, t. Sft music can lwer ur heart rate（心率）and slw dwn ur breathing. This prepares us fr sleep.
Scientists say that fr mst peple, music that has 70 beats（节拍）per minute（bpm）wrks best. Classical, jazz and flk music are usually mre effective than ther musical styles. Familiar sngs wrk well, t. Yu may need t test t make yur wn playlists. If yu are nt sure hw many beats a sng has in a minute, yu can find ut by entering its title int sngbpm.cm. And remember t get vlume（音量）right. Make sure that the final piece is gradually slwing dwn. Or yu may be wken up by the sudden silence.
It’s very imprtant t get enugh high-quality sleep. Befre yu g t bed tnight, play sme sft music. Then, just prepare t be rcked ff t dreamland.
27．It is fund that sft music can ________ sleep.
A．help peple f all agesB．nly help peple under the age f 15
C．nly help peple with sleeping prblemsD．nly help peple wh are experiencing lts f stress
28．Accrding t the article, it may take as lng as ________ befre yu ntice the effects f sft music.
A．3 hursB．3 nightsC．3 weeksD．3 mnths
29．Hw can we wrk ut hw many beats a sng has in a minute?
A．By cmparing it with a 70-bpm sng.
B．By entering the sng’s title int sngbpm.cm.
C．By finding ut whether it can help us fall asleep.
D．By cunting ur heart rates while listening t the sng.
30．What is the article mainly abut?
A．Peple with sleeping prblems.B．The rle f music in ur daily lives.
C．Hw sft music can imprve ur sleep.D．The imprtance f getting enugh sleep.
【答案】27．A
28．C
29．B
30．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍轻音乐如何改善我们的睡眠。
27．
细节理解题。根据“Scientists have fund that sft music can help t imprve sleep quality and quantity. This wrks fr sleepers f all ages, and even fr thse with sleeping prblems.”可知，轻音乐可以在睡眠问题上帮助任何年龄段的人，故选A。
28．
细节理解题。根据“It culd take as many as 3 weeks t see any imprvements.”可知，可能需要3周的时间才能看到任何改善，故选C。
29．
细节理解题。根据“If yu are nt sure hw many beats a sng has in a minute, yu can find ut by entering its title int sngbpm.cm.”可知，如果你不确定一首歌在一分钟内有多少节拍，你可以在sngbpm.cm中输入它的标题来找到它。故选B。
30．
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍轻音乐如何改善我们的睡眠，故选C。
（五十）（2022·四川南充·中考真题）
Students attend a science lessn given by astrnauts n bard China’s Tiangng space statin n Wednesday, March 23, 2022. Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, the members f the Shenzhu XIII, which was launched (发射) n Octber 16, appear n televisin screens watched by millins f students acrss China.
During the 41-minute lessn, the astrnauts did fur experiments t shw physical phenmena(现象) nly pssible in a weightless envirnment, such as “liquid crystallizatin” and “a water bridge”. In ne experiment, Wang used a ty f Bing Dwen Dwen, the masct f the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games, t shw hw bjects fly in Tiangng. They invited the yung viewers t d similar experiments t see the differences between space and land envirnments.
Befre clsing the lessn, the astrnauts answered questins frm students. The questins cvered the life and wrk in space, such as hw t take care f the skin and whether ht water was available.
Wednesday’s event marked the third time Wang had taken part in a space lessn. In June 2013, she gave the natin’s first space lessn t ver 60 millin Chinese students in Shenzhu X. It made China the secnd cuntry, fllwing the United States, t have given a lessn t schlchildren frm space.
In early December, Wang gave the cuntry’s secnd space lessn frm the Tiangng statin. The astrnauts shwed viewers hw they lived and wrked inside the space statin.
“These science lessns can encurage students t explre the wrld f science and technlgy.” Shi Yi, a physics teacher, said after tday’s activity, “Encuraged by China’s spaceflight achievements, my schl has built a space science labratry and the teachers give lessns abut space explratin.”
21．On March 23, 2022, the astrnauts finished these tasks EXCEPT ________.
A．answering the questins frm students
B．inviting the students t d experiments
C．ding an experiment abut “a water bridge”
D．shwing hw they lived inside the space statin
22．When did Wang Yaping give the secnd lecture in space?
A．In June 2013.B．In Octber 2021.C．In December 2021.D．In March 2022.
23．Which ne f the statements belw is an pinin?
A．The astrnauts did fur experiments during the lessn.
B．Over 60 millin students acrss China attended the lessn.
C．China is the secnd cuntry t have given a lessn in space.
D．The three science lessns given by astrnauts are rather meaningful.
24．What’s the best title fr the passage?
A．Astrnauts Give Lessns in Space.B．China Launched Shenzhu XIII.
C．The Explratin f Outer Space.D．The Develpment f Tiangng Space Statin.
25．What kind f writing is the passage?
A．A science nvel.B．A news reprt.C．A fairy tale.D．An interview.
【答案】21．D
22．C
23．D
24．A
25．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了中国天宫空间站宇航员给学生上的一次在线课程，宇航员进行了四项实验来给学生展示宇宙飞船中的物理现象。
21．
细节理解题。根据“During the 41-minute as “liquid crystallizatin” and “a water bridge”.”，“They invited the yung viewers t d similar experiments t see the differences between space and land envirnments.”和“Befre clsing the lessn, the astrnauts answered questins frm students.”可知，在2022年3月23日，宇航员做了水桥实验，回答了学生的提问和邀请学生做实验，没做的是展示他们如何在空间站里生活。故选D。
22．
推理判断题。根据“March 23, 2022”和“In early December, Wang gave the cuntry’s secnd space lessn frm the Tiangng statin.”可知，在2021年12月，王亚平在太空做了第二场讲座，故选C。
23．
推理判断题。分析四个选项可知，ABC三项都在陈述客观事实，选项D“宇航员做的三个科学实验是有意义的”是观点而非事实，故选D。
24．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了中国天宫空间站宇航员给学生上的一次在线课程，宇航员进行了四项实验来给学生展示宇宙飞船中的物理现象。故选A“宇航员在太空上课”符合主题，故选A。
25．
推理判断题。本文介绍中国天宫空间站宇航员给学生上的一次在线课程，宇航员进行了四项实验来给学生展示宇宙飞船中的物理现象。推测可能在新闻报道上看到这篇文章，故选B。
（五十一）（2022·四川南充·中考真题）
A tree has rts. Peple have rts t. If yu get t the rt f a prblem, yu will slve it. It’s the same thing with wrds. Dig deeply int a big, unfamiliar wrd and yu will understand where it came frm.
As readers, especially thse reading in a secnd language, we need t deal with the text as if we were detectives (侦探) lking fr infrmatin t unlck the unknwn. Like any gd detective arriving n the crime scene, the first thing t d when meeting a new and difficult wrd is t judge the situatin, t lk at everything that is knwn and see if it helps us t understand what it means.
As yu knw, prefixes (前缀) and suffixes (后缀) can be added t the beginning r end f wrds t change the meaning. Knw them, and yu will have the wrd building pwer. But rt wrds are the key. Take time t learn a few f these, put them in yur memry, and yu will becme a master wrd detective.
Let’s lk at ne cmmn rt wrd used in English. “Alter” frm the Latin wrd means “ther”. When yu meet this rt wrd, yu knw that the bigger wrd has smething t d with “ther”. Examine the wrd “alternate”. Can yu find the Latin rt in it?
Learn as many rt wrds as pssible in the language yu are studying. Then use yur “rting fr wrds” skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard wrk are always paid back.
26．What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．The situatin.B．The crime scene.
C．A new and difficult wrd.D．Everything that is knwn.
27．If Jim and Lily g t the mvies, which ne belw is “alternating paying”?
A．They each pay half.B．Jim pays every time.
C．They take turns paying.D．Their parents pay fr them.
28．Hw des the authr explain his ideas abut rt wrds?
A．By giving a fact.B．By taking an example.
C．By telling a stry.D．By having a discussin.
29．“Sen” frm the Latin wrd means “ld”. Which wrd uses this Latin rt?
A．My brther is my senir by tw years.B．He was ill s he was absent frm schl.
C．A criminal was sentenced t death by law.D．60 students were present at the sprts meeting.
30．Which f the fllwing shws the structure (结构) f the passage?
(①=paragraph 1 ②=paragraph 2,…)
A．B．C．D．
【答案】26．C
27．C
28．B
29．A
30．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍学习语言的一些方法。
26．
推理判断题。根据“the first thing t d when meeting a new and difficult wrd is t judge the situatin, t lk at everything that is knwn and see if it helps us t understand what it means.”可知，当遇到一个新的和困难的单词时，第一件要做的事情是判断情况，查看所有已知的东西，看看它是否有助于我们理解它的意思。此处it指的是“一个新的和困难的单词”，故选C。
27．
推理判断题。根据“If yu and yur friend like t eat ut, first yu pay and the ther pays the next time. Yu are alternating paying.”可知，如果你和你的朋友喜欢出去吃饭，你先付钱，下次由对方付钱。“alternating paying”的意思是“轮流付钱”，故选C。
28．
推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，作者通过举例来解释他对词根的看法，故选B。
29．
推理判断题。根据“ ‘Sen’ frm the Latin wrd means ‘ld’.”可知，“Sen”来自拉丁语，意思是“老”，结合选项“My brther is my senir by tw years.”表示“我哥哥比我大两岁”与之相符，故选A。
30．
篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一段引出主题；第二段介绍处理文本时需要注意的东西；第三、四段介绍前后缀和词根的问题；第五段总结。故选B。
（五十二）（2022·四川遂宁·中考真题）
Have yu ever thught f what life is like fr ld peple? Have yu ever helped ld peple wh live alne? Can they get help when they need it?
Six students frm Beijing 101 Middle Schl lked deeper at this questin and wrte a prpsal (提案) t the China Yuth Mdel Chinese Peple’s Plitical Cnsultative Cnference (全国青少年模拟政协活动). They advised t build mre ld peple’s service statins in the neighbrhd. They als gave suggestins abut hw gvernments, neighbrhds and hspitals can wrk tgether t make this happen.
An ld peple’s service statin is different frm a nursing hme. It ffers things like daytime care, cking, cleaning and friendship t ld peple wh live in their wn hmes. The students surveyed mre than 1,100 peple, abut 90 percent f them said they wuld prefer using the statins’ services t mving int a nursing hme. Hwever, there are nt enugh f these statins, and many are nt run very well.
The six students came up with a slutin after reading mre than 60 surveys, interviewing 108 peple and visiting 25 different rganizatins. Their prpsal beat ut almst 100 thers t win the Best Prpsal award (奖项) in 2021.
“This experience helps me t better understand the imprtance f caring ld peple. Als I see the light and abilities in us,” said Xu Wanqing, ne f the students.
“Taking part in the China Yuth Mdel CPPCC has been gd fr students,” agreed their teacher Li Jie. “They’ve develped a sense f caring ld peple, as well as gtten mre cnfidence abut themselves since they’ve seen hw much they can d fr thers.”
46．Hw many students wrte the prpsal?
A．6.B．25.C．100.D．108.
47．What d mst peple prefer ding in the survey?
A．Mving int a nursing hme.B．Using the ld peple’s statins’ services.
C．Living alne.D．Helping ther ld peple.
48．________, the six students came up with the slutin.
①After reading mre than 60 surveys.
②After interviewing 108 peple.
③After watching lts f news.
④After visiting 25 different rganizatins.
A．①②③B．②③④C．①②④D．①③④
49．What des Li Jie think f his students after taking part in the activity?
A．Becme mre and mre cnfident.B．Better understand the imprtance f life.
C．Develp a sense f prtecting themselves.D．Open their eyes t the wrld.
50．What’s the purpse f this prpsal?
A．T ffer cking.B．T build a nursing hme.
C．T win an award.D．T care fr ld peple in a better way.
【答案】46．A
47．B
48．C
49．A
50．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了来自北京101中学的6位学生对于关爱老人所做的一系列义举，其中一名学生发表了从这次经历明白了关注老人的重要性。
46．
细节理解题。根据“Six students frm Beijing 101 Middle Schl lked deeper at this questin and wrte a prpsal (提案) t the China Yuth Mdel Chinese Peple’s Plitical Cnsultative Cnference”可知，6名学生写了这个提案，故选A。
47．
细节理解题。根据“abut 90 percent f them said they wuld prefer using the statins’ services t mving int a nursing hme”可知，约90%的人表示，比起搬进养老院，他们更愿意使用老人站的服务，故选B。
48．
细节理解题。根据“The six students came up with a slutin after reading mre than 60 surveys, interviewing 108 peple and visiting 25 different rganizatins”可知，这6名学生阅读了60多份调查问卷，采访了108人，访问了25个不同的机构，想出了解决方案，故选C。
49．
细节理解题。根据“as well as gtten mre cnfidence abut themselves since they’ve seen hw much they can d fr thers”可知，学生变得越来越自信，故选A。
50．
主旨大意题。根据第一段以及全文的内容可知，本文旨在宣传关注老人的重要性，故选D。
（五十三）（2022·四川自贡·中考真题）
Chinese mvies have becme ne f the favrites amng the yuth in Malawi. Because lts f Chinese mvies are available in the cuntry, many peple can nw enjy them in vide shw halls, hmes and thrugh the Internet.
Luis Ndalama, 38, is a businessman wh has been ding a videdisc（影碟）business fr ver 15 years. He tld Xinhua Agency his custmers have been watching Chinese mvies fr a lng time. Hwever, because they didn’t understand Chinese, many f them used t have difficulties in fllwing the mvies. “But with time, we have seen many Chinese mvies with subtitles（字幕）, and this helps many f my custmers t understand them even better because the Chinese language is new t mst f us,” Ndalama said.
In an interview with Xinhua, many yung peple were able t explain things they learned frm mvies abut China. “It’s always fun watching Chinese mvies. At first it was very hard t understand them because everything abut them and us was different in terms f language, fd, dressing, dances and many ther cultural values. But nw, there are a lt f things that I knw abut China thrugh mvies. Fr example, I knw abut Kung Fu, the Great Wall, fd like BiangBiang ndles and many ther interesting things abut China,” Khama said.
33．Where can the text be fund?
A．In a nvel.B．In a news stry.C．In a histry bk.
34．What des the underlined wrd “them” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Custmers.B．Mvies.C．Subtitles.
35．What can we say abut the yuth in Malawi?
A．They shw great interest in Chinese mvies.
B．They prefer t d business with Chinese peple.
C．They think it difficult t cmmunicate in Chinese.
36．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．Chinese mvies are ppular in the wrld.
B．Mre and mre peple start t study in China.
C．Chinese mvies help freigners learn abut Chinese culture.
【答案】33．B
34．B
35．A
36．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了中国电影在马拉维很受当地人民的喜爱。
33．
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国电影在马拉维很受当地人民的喜爱，结合文中“He tld Xinhua Agency...”可以判断文章最可能是一篇新闻报道。故选B。
34．
推理判断题。根据“we have seen many Chinese mvies with subtitles（字幕）, and this helps many f my custmers t understand them even better”可知很多带字幕的中国电影有助于更好地理解中国电影，故划线部分指代“中国电影”。故选B。
35．
细节理解题。根据“Chinese mvies have becme ne f the favrites amng the yuth in Malawi”可知中国电影成为马拉维年轻人的最爱之一。故选A。
36．
主旨大意题。根据“But nw, there are a lt f things that I knw abut China thrugh mvies”以及本段内容可知本段主要介绍了中国电影有助于外国人更好地了解中国文化。故选C。
（五十四）（2022·四川自贡·中考真题）
The careful use f lecture vides culd help peple study mre efficiently（高效地）, say researchers at the University f Califrnia, Ls Angeles （UCLA）.
Accrding t a new study, watching lecture vides at twice the nrmal speed has almst n bad effect n learning. Even better, watching lecture vides at an increased speed mre than nce may even lead t imprved learning and higher test scres cmpared t watching nce at nrmal speed.
The study, dne by UCLA’s Department f Psychlgy, put students int grups and asked them t watch lecture vides at different speeds withut taking ntes. The students then tk tests based n the vide cntent.
The test results shwed little difference in scres between students wh watched the vides at nrmal speed and thse wh watched at up t duble speed—meaning students culd halve（减半）their study time with little effect n learning.
But students shuldn’t speed up t much—because students wh watched the vides at tw-and-a-half times the nrmal speed had lwer test results.
It was als fund that watching the vides twice at duble speed—bth ne week befre the test and again immediately befre it—prduced higher test scres cmpared t students wh watched the vides just nce at nrmal speed.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, many cuntries have used sme types f remte（远程的）learning, including vide lessns. And while students and teachers have wrried abut the effects f remte learning, the UCLA study suggests that, if used the right way, vide lectures culd actually help make studying mre efficient.
37．What may happen if we watch lecture vides at an increased speed mre than nce?
A．It may imprve learning.
B．It may imprve reading skills.
C．It may lead t the best test result.
38．What were the students asked t d befre taking tests?
A．Discuss the vide cntent.
B．Watch vides at different speeds.
C．Take ntes while watching vides.
39．What can we learn abut remte learning?
A．It helps develp learning habits.
B．It increases the speed f teaching.
C．It makes learning better if rightly used.
40．What’s the best title fr the text?
A．Watching Vides Is a Gd Way f Learning
B．Watching Vides Helps Get High Test Scres
C．Watching Vides at Duble Speed Culd Help Learning
【答案】37．A
38．B
39．C
40．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了视频讲座对学习的帮助，并且对比了提高速度观看甚至可以提高学习效率和考试成绩。
37．
细节理解题。根据“Even better, watching lecture vides at an increased speed mre than nce may even lead t imprved learning and higher test scres cmpared t watching nce at nrmal speed”可知，用提高的速度看一次以上的授课视频甚至可以提高学习效率和考试成绩，故选A。
38．
细节理解题。根据“asked them t watch lecture vides at different speeds withut taking ntes”可知，考试之前被要求以不同的速度观看视频，故选B。
39．
细节理解题。根据“And while students and teachers have wrried abut the effects f remte learning, the UCLA study suggests that, if used the right way, vide lectures culd actually help make studying mre efficient”可知，如果使用正确的方式，远程学习实际上可以帮助提高学习效率，故选C。
40．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了视频讲座对学习的帮助，并且对比了提高速度观看甚至可以提高学习效率和考试成绩，所以最适合本文的标题是“以双倍的速度看视频有助于学习”，故选C。
（五十五）（2022·浙江温州·中考真题）
“Mtasharefn bema’ refatek!” is ften heard in Arabs’ daily talks. This greeting in the language Arabic means “Nice t meet yu!” Yu may find Arabic difficult t understand, but the fllwing facts can ffer yu sme basics.
Arabic is s language f ver twenty cuntries acrss the Middle East and Nrth Africa, It’s als ne f the six fficial languages f the UN. Nw abut 400 millin peple wrldwide speak Arabic.
Arabic has different varieties. One f them is Mdern Standard Arabic. It is taught at schls in all Arabic-speaking cuntries and used frmally ver media. Cllquial Arabic is anther variety which peple in the Arab wrld usually use in their everyday life.
Arabic is written frm right t left in a beautiful and flwing script. Written Arabic is frmed frm eighteen different curves with dts () abve r belw. The curve () with ne dt belw is prnunced /b/, tw n tp is /t/, and three n tp is /th/, while the curve () with tw dts belw is prnunced /y/.
A main feature f Arable is the thre letter rt system. Almst every Arabic wrd is based n a rt f three letters. If yu take a rt and add ther letters t it, yu can create many wrds related t the meaning f that rt. Fr example, “k-t-b” is a cmmn rt in Arabic. Sme wrds frm that rt are kitaab (“bk”) and maktaba (“library”).
There are mre facts abut Arabic fr yu t explre. Yu’ll find that learning abut it helps pen up dr t a different culture and prvides a new way f thinking abut the wrld.
29．Hw many varieties f Arabic are mentined in the passage?
A．Tw.B．Three.C．Fur.D．Five.
30．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is prnunced /b/ in Arabic?
A．B．C．D．
31．What des the underlined rt “k-t-b” in Paragraph 5 mst prbably mean?
A．Cking.B．Singing.C．Writing.D．Swimming.
32．Why des the authr write this passage?
A．T intrduce the language Arabic.
B．T tell stries frm Arab cuntries.
C．T encurage peple t visit Arab cuntries.
D．T advise peple t prtect the language Arabic.
【答案】29．A
30．B
31．C
32．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了一些与阿拉伯语有关的事实，介绍了它的种类，它的书写方式，以及发音规律等等。
29．
细节理解题。根据“One f them is Mdern Standard Arabic”及“Cllquial Arabic is anther variety”可知，一共提到了两种，故选A。
30．
细节理解题。根据“The curve () with ne dt belw is prnunced /b/”可知，下面有一个点的曲线发音为/b/，故选B。
31．
词义猜测题。根据“Fr example, “k-t-b” is a cmmn rt in Arabic. Sme wrds frm that rt are kitaab (“bk”) and maktaba (“library”).”可知，“k-t-b”是一个常见的词根，“书”和“图书馆”都是跟它有关，由此可推断它跟写作读书有关，故选C。
32．
主旨大意题。根据“Yu may find Arabic difficult t understand, but the fllwing facts can ffer yu sme basics.”及文章内容可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了向读者介绍阿拉伯语，故选A。
（五十六）（2022·浙江温州·中考真题）
Scientists are lking fr ways that we can effectively use the light and heat frm the sun. One idea that has caught their imaginatin is slar rads. They are expected t prduce clean and renewable energy.
With slar panels n the surfaces, slar rads cst mre than traditinal rads. Hwever, besides the functins f traditinal rds, they have the panels t receive sunlight and change it int the energy t supply pwer t hmes, factries and street lighting. There are fur layers in a slar panel:
•Base layer: It is made f insulatin material and frms a gd grip with the rad belw this layer.
•Middle layer: This is the mst imprtant layer. It hlds all kinds f pwer lines cnnecting all the slar parts in the panel, like LED lights and the heating system.
•Tp layer: This layer is super-strng glass. It allws the panel t hld the weight f the heaviest vehicles.
•Capping: This is the tpmst layer used t ffer extra prtectin t the slar parts in the panel. The layer must be rugh enugh t prvide the tractin fr the safety f vehicles.
With the smart design, slar rads can successfully charge the vehicles n them. And the rads have inbuilt LED lights t replace the traditinal rd signs and lines, which are usually painted and harmful t humans. What’s mre, the heating systems in the slar rads can take care f the snw and ice n the rads fr drivers.
Test slar rads have been built in several cuntries (France, China, USA, etc.) since 2014. The first wrd slar rad prject, Metrics f Watt Way in France, was set up by a French cmpany called Cnstructin Clas. It was an example f lw effectiveness. In the first year, it had been expected t prduce arund 767 kWh f energy a day, but it nly prduced 409 kWh. Even s, the prductin culd increase with design imprvements. Of curse, mre time is needed befre this technlgy is put int use.
Slar rads may nt be widely used in the near future, but they are indeed great fr an envirnment-friendly and energy-saving wrld.
33．Slar rads ________.
A．ffer pwer t hmesB．get energy frm factries
C．keep the sunlight awayD．cst less than traditinal rds
34．Which f the fllwing abut the layers f a slar panel is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．The base layer is the mst imprtant layer.
B．There are many pwer lines in the middle layer.
C．The tp layer lies n the tp f the slar panel.
D．The capping shuld be smth enugh fr drivers.
35．The first wrld slar rad prject ________.
A．was set up in China in 2014B．shwed high effectiveness as expected
C．was started by a US cmpanyD．culd get better with design imprvements
36．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．Slar Rads: A Widely Used Inventin
B．Slar Rads: A Safety Guard fr Drivers
C．Slar Rads: A New Idea fr Clean Energy
D．Slar Rads: A Way t Prduce LED Lights
【答案】33．A
34．B
35．D
36．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了太阳能公路的原理以及其作用。
33．
细节理解题。根据“they have the panels t receive sunlight and change it int the energy t supply pwer t hmes, factries and street lighting”可知，它们用太阳能板接收阳光，并将其转化为能源，为家庭、工厂和街道照明提供电力，故选A。
34．
推理判断题。根据“It hlds all kinds f pwer lines cnnecting all the slar parts in the panel”可知，中间层容纳了连接面板中所有太阳能部件的各种电源线，故选B。
35．
推理判断题。根据“Even s, the prductin culd increase with design imprvements”可知，随着设计的改进，世界首个太阳能公路项目可能会变得更好，故选D。
36．
最佳标题题。根据“Scientists are lking fr ways that we can effectively use the light and heat frm the sun. One idea that has caught their imaginatin is slar rads. They are expected t prduce clean and renewable energy.”可知，本文主要介绍了一种可以产生干净的，可再生的能源——太阳能公路，故选C。
（五十七）（2022·重庆A卷·中考真题）
When Xing Chuanfa, 34, blws a lifelike tiger ut f sugar in just minutes, kids lk at him in surprise thinking he is a magician.
Xing has been blwing sugar figurines (吹糖人) fr ver twenty years. Blwing sugar figurines is a Chinese traditinal flk (民间) art with a histry f ver 600 years and has been listed as a state-level intangible cultural heritage.
Every mrning, Xing prepares the sugar and drives t different markets in Nanchang t start his magic shw.
He heats (加热) the sugar, pulls ff a little t make a ball and blws it int different shapes — a rabbit, a mnkey, and even Bing Dwen Dwen, the masct f the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
Peple, especially little kids, are interested in his skills. ________, he als stps by clleges.
Many cllege students have been drawn t the art, waiting in line fr hands-n experience. Amng them, Simn, a freign student, culdn’t help having a try. Thugh it lked easy, he fund it difficult t make it. Thanks t Xing’s help. Simn finally saw a hrse slwly taking shape.
Simn was deeply mved after learning abut the art. “I just can’t believe the traditinal flk art can be kept s well here. I lve it. Chinese culture shuld be spread arund the wrld,” he said.
This art has been passed dwn fr fur generatins (代) in Xing’s family. His 6-year-ld sn ften blws sugar ballns, just like what he used t d as a child.
“We will pass n the intangible heritage,” said Xing.
28．Frm the passage we can learn that Xing Chuanfa is ________.
A．26 years ldB．34 years ldC．a bus driverD．a freign magician
29．Which f the fllwing can be put in the ________?
A．T draw yung peple clser t the artB．T help yung peple learn drawing skills
C．T teach little kids the skills f drawingD．T make little kids mre interested in the art
30．Accrding t the passage, we can infer (推断) that Simn will mst prbably ________.
A．stay in China t blw sugar hrsesB．ffer Xing a helping hand in class
C．learn mre abut Chinese cultureD．blsy perfect sugar figurines next time
31．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?
A．Xing and His Flk Art f Sweet BlwsB．A Magic Flk Art and Chinese Culture
C．Xing’s Family and Sugar Figurine SkillsD．A Guide and the Intangible Heritages
【答案】28．B
29．A
30．C
31．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊川发吹糖人的过程，并因此技能吸引了许多大学生，他希望自己能将这种传统文化继续传承下去。
28．
细节理解题。根据“When Xing Chuanfa, 34, blws a lifelike tiger ut f sugar in just minutes”可知，他今年34岁，故选B。
29．
推理判断题。根据“Peple, especially little kids, are interested in his skills”及“he als stps by clleges”可知，在大学表演这种艺术是为了吸引年轻人接近这种传统艺术，故选A。
30．
推理判断题。根据“I lve it. Chinese culture shuld be spread arund the wrld”可知，他认为传统文化应该广为传播，所以他最可能要更多了解中国文化，故选C。
31．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊川发吹糖人的过程，所以A选项符合本文标题，故选A。
（五十八）（2022·重庆A卷·中考真题）
We all have thse mments when bright ideas hit us, but nt everyne can develp such mments int the fruits f creative thinking. While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple f Isaac Newtn, ne f the greatest scientists, we seldm ntice that creative thinking is in fact a prcess (过程).
Let’s lk at what happened in 1666.
Sitting in the garden, Newtn watched an apple fall frm a tree. He began t wnder if the same frce that pulled the apple dwn als kept the mn circling the earth. Newtn believed it did. He called it “gravity (重力)”.
This stry has becme ne f the mst ppular examples f “eureka” mments. But when we cheer fr the great discvery, the whle prcess f creative thinking shuldn’t be frgtten.
Newtn studied mathematics fr lng t have a better understanding f the wrld. He always enjyed finding new ways t slve prblems. The falling apple was nly the fruit f years f hard wrk befre. It als started the train f thught that cntinued fr the next twenty years.
Newtn began t examine “gravity” carefully. He experimented (实验). Then he studied the results and used what he had learned t d new experiments. In 1687, the greatest scientific wrk ever written came ut.
The whle prcess f creative thinking wrks the same in ur life.
In schl, we prepare urselves fr the right mment. Once the mment cmes, we catch it and then keep n wrking in the years t cme. It takes much t get the fruits f creative thinking, but the sweetest fruits will be ready fr thse wh wait the lngest.
32．Yu may read the passage in a ________.
A．nticeB．pictureC．magazineD．dictinary
33．The underlined wrd “eureka” in Paragraph (段落) 4 prbably means “________”.
A．I’ve gt itB．I give upC．I’ve n ideaD．I believe it
34．The writer mainly develps his idea by ________.
A．raising questinsB．giving examples
C．listing numbersD．explaining differences
35．The creative thinking prcess fr Newtn fllws the rder f ________.
a. He caught the right mment. b. He did experiments ver and ver.
c. He saw an apple fall frm a tree. d. He studied mathematics fr lng.
A．a-c-d-bB．b-a-c-dC．a-b-c-dD．d-c-a-b
【答案】32．C
33．A
34．B
35．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文以牛顿的故事为例告诉我们创造性思维实际是一个过程。
32．
推理判断题。本文以牛顿的故事为例告诉我们创造性思维实际是一个过程。有可能在杂志中读到。故选C。
33．
词义猜测题。根据“But when we cheer fr the great discvery, the whle prcess f creative thinking shuldn’t be frgtten.”及“This stry has becme ne f the mst ppular examples”可知此处表示牛顿发现“重力”的事情是一个重大发现的例子，eureka意为“（欢呼）找到了；有了”，即“I’ve gt it”。故选A。
34．
篇章结构题。根据“While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple f Isaac Newtn, ne f the greatest scientists, we seldm ntice that creative thinking is in fact a prcess.”及文中就牛顿的事例作出的讨论，可知作者主要通过举例子来阐述他的思想。故选B。
35．
排序题。根据“Newtn studied mathematics fr lng t have a better understanding f the wrld. ... The falling apple was nly the fruit f years f hard wrk befre. It als started the train f thught that cntinued fr the next twenty years. ... He experimented.”可知牛顿学了很久数学（d），之后他看见一个苹果从树上掉下来（c），他抓住了这个时刻（a）并反复做实验（b），正确的排序是d-c-a-b。故选D。
（五十九）（2022·重庆A卷·中考真题）
①Since the first man lked up at the flying birds, cuntless successes have been achieved n the way up t the sky. Frm the stnes thrwn int the air t airships f all kinds, pineers f humans never failed t let their imaginatin run wild.
②Stries f pineers g back t centuries ag.
③Kite flying in China dates back t the 5th century BC and is thught t be the earliest example f man-made flight.
④Frm the 3rd century BC, the sky lantern (灯笼) was knwn in China. Many peple believe that it was invented by Zhuge Liang in the war. Sme say he wrte a message n a sky lantern fr help, while thers believe sky lanterns were used t drive the enemies away.
⑤Whichever is true, humans have never stpped, and they never will. In mdem times, new fields are being explred (探索).
⑥In 1993, the wrld’s largest ht air airship was built. The AS-300 carried an underslung raft (悬挂式木筏). It allwed a team f French scientists t carry ut their treetp researches withut t much harm t the rain frest.
⑦On May 15, 2022, Chinese scientists sent up the latest mdel f “Jimu N.1”, China’s self-develped airship, t cllect weather infrmatin n the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
⑧The airship wuld wrk at a wrld-recrd altitude (海拔) f 9,032 meters. It was the first time an airship f its size had reached this height, even higher than that f the 8,849-meter-tall Munt Qmlangma, the highest muntain in the wrld.
36．Accrding t the passage, we learn ________.
A．Zhuge Liang was believed t invent kites
B．sky lanterns were used just fr fun in China
C．kite flying in China dates back t the 5th century BC
D．sky lanterns were knwn in China befre the 3th century BC
37．Bth the AS-300 and the latest mdel f “Jimu N.1” are airships which ________.
A．were harmful t the frestB．brke a wrld recrd each
C．reached the highest muntainD．helped with treetp researches
38．The writer’s main purpse in writing the passage is t ________.
A．share humrus stries abut the pineersB．shw hw excellent ancient peple were
C．encurage us t learn mre abut imaginatinD．praise the never-ending explratin int the sky
39．The structure (结构) f the passage is ________.
A．B．
C．D．
【答案】36．C
37．B
38．D
39．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了人类从古至今永不停止地探索天空。
36．
细节理解题。根据“Kite flying in China dates back t the 5th century BC”可知中国放风筝可以追溯到公元前5世纪。故选C。
37．
细节理解题。根据“In 1993, the wrld’s largest ht air airship was built”以及“Chinese scientists sent up the latest mdel”可知AS-300是最大的热气球，极目一号是最新的飞艇，所以它们各自打破了世界纪录。故选B。
38．
主旨大意题。根据“humans have never stpped, and they never will”以及本文内容可知本文主要介绍了人类从古至今永不停止地探索天空，故作者写这篇文章是为了赞扬这种精神。故选D。
39．
篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引入了话题；第二段和第五段分别引入了古代和现代对天空的探索，第三段和第四段描述的是古代人对天空的探索，第六段描述现代前期的探索；第七段和第八段是最近的探索。故选项A符合本文的结构。故选A。
（六十）（2022·重庆B卷·中考真题）
Orangutans
Orangutans are nature lvers. They like hanging ut in the tree. They spend 95% f their time up there in the tree. They sleep and eat in their nests(巢). The nests are big enugh fr even a 10-year-ld kid t play in.
Pigs
Pigs may nt lk s cute when they find mud(泥) hles. They like playing in the mud -it is like their natural playgrund. And when it is ht, they stay in the mud t cl themselves. They dn’t care hw dirty they get.
Sea turtles
Sea turtle eggs are like ping-png balls. After baby turtles break ut f the eggs they get themselves ut f the sand and hurry t leave the beach fr the sea. They swim fr 24 hurs in the sea t stay away frm danger.
24．In which part f a newspaper can yu prbably read the passages?
A．Sprts.B．Health.C．Nature.D．News.
25．Orangutans like hanging ut ________.
A．in the treeB．n the beachC．in the seaD．in the mud
26．On ht days, pigs like t play in the mud t ________.
A．lk fr fdB．lean skillsC．fall asleepD．cl themselves
27．Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the passages?
A．Sea turtles have eggs like sccer balls.
B．Baby sea turtles are gd swimmers.
C．Sea turtles lay their eggs in the sea.
D．Baby sea turtles are safe n the beach.
【答案】24．C
25．A
26．D
27．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了3种动物。
24．
推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，主要介绍了3种动物，因此可以在报纸上“大自然”部分看见；故选C。
25．
细节理解题。根据“They like hanging ut in the tree.”可知，喜欢在树上闲逛；故选A。
26．
细节理解题。根据“And when it is ht, they stay in the mud t cl themselves”可知，猪待在泥里是为了凉快。故选D。
27．
推理判断题。根据“They swim fr 24 hurs in the sea t stay away frm danger.”可知，小海龟可以游24小时，推出它们是好的游泳者；故选B。
（六十一）（2022·重庆B卷·中考真题）
Free time is a gd chance fr teenagers t have fun. What abut free time with parents arund? Sme teenagers want free play withut parents’ supervisin(监管) while parents and experts(专家) may think differently.
Lin Ta, a middle schl student, thinks teenagers shuld be free t play. “Last time I played with my parents arund, I was nervus and just culdn’t enjy myself t the fullest,” Lin says. “And my friend Chen Xiaxin has similar experiences. Once, he went ut t play with his classmates. Everyne felt uncmfrtable with his mther’s supervisin.”
Wang Min, a mther f a 14-year-ld by, thinks playtime needs supervisin. She explains, “Peple usually say I like t cntrl my kid, but that’s nt true. I am just wrried that he will get int truble. Sme guys may have a bad influence n him and sme games like LARP(剧本杀) may mislead him. He might even get indulged in the stries and can’t get back t real life.
Mr. Ma, a dctr f scial studies, says it’s understandable fr teenagers t wish fr freedm. Free play helps them t be independent. Parents can give them mre space. They dn’t have t supervise them all the time. Hwever, teenagers shuld find ut the exact details(细节) abut the activities befre playtime. Then they can cmmunicate with their parents and decide tgether whether they can g ut t play alne.
28．Accrding t the passage, free time is a gd chance fr teenagers t ________.
A．study hardB．have funC．get int trubleD．mislead parents
29．Lin Ta supprts his wn idea by ________.
A．listing numbersB．raising questinsC．cmparing factsD．giving examples
30．The underlined wrds “get indulged in” in Para.(段落)3 prbably mean ________.
A．get lst inB．get interested inC．be tired fD．be prud f
31．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing may Mr. Ma supprt?
A．He Kai’s parents are arund every time he plays with his friends.
B．Feng Zhngfan’s parents never ask him abut whm he plays with.
C．Liu Xiang ges ut withut knwing anything abut the activities.
D．Xie Ha talks t his parents abut the exact details befre playtime.
【答案】28．B
29．D
30．A
31．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，就青少年空闲时间是否需要家长监督进行讨论，给出了几个学生的看法以及专家的建议。
28．
细节理解题。根据“Free time is a gd chance fr teenagers t have fun.”可知，空闲时间是青少年玩乐的好机会。故选B。
29．
推理判断题。分析第二段内容可知，林涛用自己和同学的例子支持自己的观点，故选D。
30．
词句猜测题。分析“Sme guys may have a bad influence n him and sme games like LARP(剧本杀) may mislead him. He might even get indulged in the stries and can’t get back t real life.”可知，有些人可能对他有不良影响，比如剧本杀，可能会让孩子们无法回到现实生活中，所以此处 get indulged in的意思是“沉迷，迷失”，故选A。
31．
推理判断题。根据“Hwever, teenagers shuld find ut the exact details(细节) abut the activities befre playtime. Then they can cmmunicate with their parents and decide tgether whether they can g ut t play alne.”可知，马博士认为青少年应该在游戏前弄清活动的具体细节，然后他们可以和父母交流，一起决定他们是否可以单独出去玩。选项D“谢浩在游戏前会和父母谈论游戏的具体细节”符合，故选D。
（六十二）（2022·重庆B卷·中考真题）
①On January 4, the China Natinal Traditinal Orchestra(中央民族乐团) played sme well-knwn traditinal music in their cncert. Audiences(观众) enjyed the beautiful sunds guzheng, the pwerful tunes f suna, the tearful ntes f erhu and s n. Each traditinal Chinese musical instrument tells its wn stry.
②“I’ve fallen in lve with the sunds f traditinal instruments, especially pipa, a fur-stringed(弦) instrument with a histry f mre than 2,000 years. It can prduce different sunds, such as the sunds f falling snw and raindrps. Every time I listen t a pipa tune, I have a strng feeling f peace,” said Yang Tian, an audience f the cncert.
③Hwever, a recent reprt suggests. ________ T wake up peple’s lve fr traditinal music, smething creative has been dne.
④In sme traditinal music cncerts, VR(虚拟现实) technlgy is used t bring the star sky r the beautiful sandy view f Dunhuang t the music hall. It makes the experience like watching a 3D mvie.
⑤Li Xiabing, a music teacher frm Beijing, mixes traditinal flk(民间) singing, pera and Chinese instruments thrugh technlgy. Peple are surprised at his wrks and they lve them!
⑥Sme musicians try t add smething new t traditinal music. They bring mdern music like pp and rap int traditinal music. When the east meets the west, the new frm f mus wins the hearts f bth the ld and the yung.
⑦Traditinal music shws the beauty f ur culture, and with sme creativity, great things happen.
32．Which f the fllwing can be put in the ________?
A．pipa can nt prduce the sund f falling snw
B．traditinal music is much better than mdern music
C．the number f traditinal music listeners is drpping
D．mre yung peple shw interest in traditinal music
33．T wake up peple’s lve fr traditinal music, Li Xia bing ________.
A．tells many tearful striesB．makes gd 3D mvies
C．mixes traditinal musicD．sings pp and rap sngs
34．The structure(结构) f the passage is ________.
A． B．
C． D．
35．Accrding t the passage, the writer believes ________.
A．traditinal music shuld nly be played in cncerts
B．the ways t play traditinal music must be changed
C．traditinal music must remain unchanged all the time
D．traditinal music with creativity will be mre ppular
【答案】32．C
33．C
34．B
35．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国传统音乐的美。
32．
推理判断题。根据“Hwever, a recent reprt suggests.”可知，此处应介绍研究的结果，结合后句“T wake up peple’s lve fr traditinal music, smething creative has been dne.”可知，为了唤醒人们对传统音乐的热爱，人们做了一些创造性的事情，所以空处应表示人们对于传统音乐的关注和喜爱程度有所下降，选项C“传统音乐听众的数量正在下降”符合语境，故选C。
33．
细节理解题。根据“Li Xiabing, a music teacher frm Beijing, mixes traditinal flk singing, pera and Chinese instruments thrugh technlgy.”可知，来自北京的音乐教师Li Xiabing通过技术将传统民歌、戏曲和中国乐器融合在一起。故选C。
34．
篇章结构题。第一、二段介绍中国传统音乐的美以及一位喜欢传统音乐的人的评价；第三、四、五、六段介绍为了唤醒人们对传统音乐的热爱，人们做了哪些创造性的事情；第七段收尾。故选B。
35．
推理判断题。根据“Traditinal music shws the beauty f ur culture, and with sme creativity, great things happen.”可知，传统音乐展示了我们文化的美，再加一些创造力，伟大的事情发生了。推测作者认为有创意的传统音乐会更受欢迎，故选D。
（六十三）（2022·重庆B卷·中考真题）
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a great success. China has kept the prmise t hld a green Olympics. Many green actins made it pssible, like prviding envirnmentally friendly smart beds, using new energy(能源) cars, supprting sprting places with 100% clean energy and reusing rain and snw water.
Take making ice as an example. China didn’t use R507, a cmmn material t make ice, because it isn’t friendly enugh t the envirnment. Thrugh 18 mnths’ hard wrk, China independently develped the CO₂ direct cling technlgy.
A net f tubes runs under the ice. High-pressure liquid(液态) CO₂ ges thrugh them t create heat(热) exchange. The CO₂ evaprates(蒸发) under the ice surface. The evapratin takes in heat and turns water n the surface int ice. And the CO₂ ges int anther circle. This technlgy helps t make ice better and faster. And abve all, it is much greener because there’s n new CO₂ prduced. Amng all the 15 ice sprting places in the Winter Olympics, 7 used the CO₂ direct cling technlgy t make ice. As a result, much less pllutin was caused.
Beijing did s much mre t save energy. Beijing built the new sprting places with green materials. As fr the ld nes, Beijing used new glass walls t take the place f traditinal walls t let mre natural light in. 70% f the waste heat was als reused t keep warm and dry. And a large number f new energy cars were used at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is the first t truly achieve carbn neutrality(碳中和), and it has set new standards in green technlgies. Sme newspapers say China has set an example fr the wrld in envirnmental prtectin and green develpment.
36．Hw lng did it take China t develp the CO₂ direct cling technlgy?
A．18 mnths.B．100 weeks.C．15 days.D．7 years.
37．The writer writes Para. 3 t shw ________.
A．why the CO₂ ges int anther circle
B．hw the new ice-making technlgy helped
C．hw sprting places used the new technlgy
D．why the liquid CO₂ runs thrugh the net f tubes
38．Accrding t the passage, we can infer(推断) that ________.
A．all the buildings will be built with glass walls in the near future
B．the CO₂ direct cling technlgy may be widely used in the wrld
C．the high-pressure liquid CO₂ will ttally take the place f R507 sn
D．n new standards in green technlgies may be set after the Olympics
39．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?
A．A New Green Ice-making Technlgy
B．Green Technlgies Used in Sprts
C．A Shared Future f Green Develpment
D．The Green Beijing Winter Olympics
【答案】36．A
37．B
38．B
39．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍北京2022年冬奥会实现了绿色奥运的承诺，以及中国自主研发出了二氧化碳直接冷却技术。
36．
细节理解题。根据“Thrugh 18 mnths’ hard wrk, China independently develped the CO₂ direct cling technlgy.”可知，历史18个月，中国自主研发出了二氧化碳直接冷却技术。故选A。
37．
段落大意题。分析第三段内容可知，本段主要是介绍二氧化碳直接冷却技术是如何运作来制冰的，故选B。
38．
推理判断题。根据“As a result, much less pllutin was caused.”和“Sme newspapers say China has set an example fr the wrld in envirnmental prtectin and green develpment.”可知，造成的污染减少了，且一些报纸称，中国在环境保护和绿色发展方面为世界树立了榜样。由此推知， 二氧化碳直接冷却技术在世界范围内具有广泛的应用前景，故选B。
39．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍北京2022年冬奥会实现了绿色奥运的承诺，以及中国自主研发出了二氧化碳直接冷却技术。选项D“绿色北京冬奥会”符合主题，故选D。
【2021年】
A
（2021·青海中考真题）
It’s been ver a year since COVID-19 first appeared and the virus cntinues t be a prblem in many parts f the wrld,scientists have realized the develpment f vaccines (疫苗) is a slutin t the pandemic. A glbal effrt t vaccinate as many peple as pssible wuld be needed, since vaccines typically take years t develp.
On Dec 2, 2020, the first COVID vaccine, the Pfizer vaccine, was apprved (批准) by UK health department. Hwever, these vaccines must be stred at very lw temperatures, which is nt pssible everywhere. In respnse, Chinese cmpanies like Sinpharm and Sinvac have develped vaccines that can be kept at nrmal temperatures.
Nw, vaccines are being rlled ut all ver the wrld, with millins f peple being vaccinated every day. In China, 285 millin vaccine dses (剂量) had been given s far. Meanwhile, the US has given ut 247 millin dses. The UK nw stands at 50 millin dses.
Althugh there have been rumrs abut vaccines being unsafe, mst f peple seem t realize the imprtance f vaccinatin fr building mass immunity (群体免疫) in rder t stp the virus frm spreading. The wrld has cme t understand that the vaccines will prtect us. Therefre, sharing vaccines has becme a key factr f staying safe and healthy wrldwide.
Unfrtunately, nt everyne can get the vaccine yet. Children belw the age f 16 can’t be vaccinated because they have nt yet been tested n them. Thse wh have a histry f vaccine allergies (过敏) shuldn’t get it, either.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
1．The vaccine develped by ______ cannt be stred at nrmal temperatures.
A．UK health departmentB．Sinpharm
C．SinvacD．Pfizer
2．Accrding t the passage, ______ millin vaccine dses had been given s far in China.
A．50B．247C．285D．582
3．In paragraph 4, the underlined wrd ‘‘rumrs” prbably means ______.
A．谎言B．谣言C．建议D．骗局
4．The purpse fr vaccinating as many peple as pssible is t ______.
A．build mass immunityB．share the vaccines
C．develp vaccines quicklyD．get everyne vaccinated
5．In paragraph 5, the wrd “they”, in the underlined sentence refers t ______.
A．childrenB．cmpaniesC．vaccinesD．experts
【答案】
1．D
2．C
3．B
4．A
5．C
【分析】
本文主要介绍为了解决新冠肺炎病毒的传播，人们陆续意识到接种疫苗的重要性，本文主要以数据来说明接种疫苗的普遍性，以及不能接种疫苗的人群有哪些。
1．细节理解题。根据“On Dec 2, 2020, the first COVID vaccine, the Pfizer vaccine, was apprved (批准) by UK health department”可知，由辉瑞疫苗研制的疫苗不能在正常温度中储存，故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“In China, 285 millin vaccine dses (剂量) had been given s far”可知，到目前为止，中国共接种了2.85亿剂疫苗，故选C。
3．词义猜测题。根据“Althugh there have been rumrs abut vaccines being unsafe, mst f peple seem t realize the imprtance f vaccinatin fr building mass immunity (群体免疫) in rder t stp the virus frm spreading”可知，尽管还有很多关于疫苗不安全的谣言，但是大部分人们已经意识到接种疫苗的重要性，所以rumrs表示“谣言”，故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“mst f peple seem t realize the imprtance f vaccinatin fr building mass immunity (群体免疫) in rder t stp the virus frm spreading”可知，让尽可能多的人接种疫苗的目的是建立群体免疫，故选A。
5．词义猜测题。根据“Children belw the age f 16 can’t be vaccinated because they have nt yet been tested n them”可知，此处指这些疫苗还没有在16岁以下孩子身上测试过，所以they指代“疫苗”，故选C。
B
（2021·湖南湘潭市·中考真题）
A zer-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish.
“Zer waste” was first suggested by a French wman called Bea Jhnsn. Her idea is: live a life and try nt t create any rubbish; use different kinds f ways t save the envirnment, such as stpping the use f ne-ff bjects; giving unwanted things t thers r dnating these things t rganizatins like the Red Crss.
A zer-waste life fllws the 6R rule—Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rt. Chen Yuan, 27, is deeply interested in this idea. She and her byfriend Je have lived in Beijing fr many years. Over August-Octber when Chen fllwed the rule f zer waste 6R, she and her byfriend bth prduced nly tw cans f rubbish. Nw the cuple have pened a small shp in Beijing, where they use wd prducts t take the place f plastic nes and clth bags printed with envirnmental lgs. The stre als has secnd-hand bks and CDs t make the best f the used things.
“The zer-waste lifestyle is nt fr ascetics(苦行僧). It is just arund us.” Chen expects sme f her friends t jin her n the rad t zer waste.
6．Bea Jhnsn suggests that peple shuld ______.
A．try t create n rubbish
B．thrw away unwanted things
C．use the ne-ff bjects all the time
7．What des the underlined wrd “dnating” in paragraph 2 mean?______
A．Giving back.B．Giving ut.C．Giving away.
8．We can see frm the passage that Chen Yuan ______.
A．is interested in the 6R rule
B．ffers plastic bags in her stre
C．likes listening t CDs very much
9．What Chen Yuan says in the last paragraph prbably means that ______.
A．her friends like her lifestyle
B．the zer-waste lifestyle is nt hard t live
C．lts f peple have lived the zer-waste lifestyle
10．The passage is mst prbably frm ______.
A．an adB．a newspaperC．a stry bk
【答案】
6．A
7．C
8．A
9．B
10．B
【分析】
文章主要介绍了什么是“零浪费”，并呼吁人们加入“零浪费”。
6．细节理解题。根据“Her idea is: live a life and try nt t create any rubbish”可知， Bea Jhnsn是倡导人们尽量不要制造垃圾，故选A。
7．词义猜测题。根据“giving unwanted things t thers r dnating these things t rganizatins like the Red Crss.”可知，把一些不要的东西给别人或者捐给红十字会，所以单词“dnating”指的是“捐赠”，与C选项意思相近，故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“Chen Yuan, 27, is deeply interested in this idea.”可知，陈元对6R规则感兴趣，故选A。
9．句意猜测题。根据“The zer-waste lifestyle is nt fr ascetics(苦行僧). It is just arund us.” Chen expects sme f her friends t jin her n the rad t zer waste.”可知，陈元说这话的意思是零浪费的生活方式并不难，就在我们身边，故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据“A zer-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish.”以及整个文章的理解可知，文章主要介绍了什么是“零浪费”，并呼吁人们加入“零浪费”，结合选项可知，应该是从报纸上来的，故选B。
C
（2021·湖南湘潭市·中考真题）
When autumn arrives in the United States and Canada, yu can see ne f nature’s greatest scenes—the yearly migratin(迁徙) f the mnarch butterflies(帝王蝶).
N ther butterfly in the wrld migrates like the range and black mnarch f Nrth America. They can nt live fr lng perids in cld weather. S each autumn arund Octber, the butterflies travel up t 3,000 kilmeters suth t spend winter. Sme even fly t the muntains f Mexic.
It usually takes the butterflies tw mnths t reach Mexic. When it is warm, they start t back nrth in the spring. But nt ne butterfly finishes the whle trip. They lay eggs alng the way and die. It might take the mnarchs as many as fur t five generatins(代) t cmplete the jurney all the way back up t Canada, says Sarina Jepsen, wh directs the endangered species prgram fr the Xerces Sciety.
The mst amazing thing abut these butterflies is that they return t the very same trees in Mexic that their great-great-grandparents used the winter befre.
Hwever, the number f these clrful butterflies has drpped in recent years. The US Fish and Wildlife Sen ice said that nearly a billin mnarchs have disappeared frm verwintering sites(越冬地点) since 1990, the Washingtn Pst reprted, ne f the main reasns, experts say, is that farmers have used herbicides(除草剂) n the milkweed(马利筋) plants that these butterflies feed n.
……
11．What clr are the mnarch butterflies?______
A．Orange and black.B．Pink and black.C．Orange and white.
12．Hw lng des it take the mnarch butterflies t reach Mexic?______
A．One mnth.B．Tw mnths.C．Fur t five generatins.
13．What is the mst amazing thing abut the mnarch butterflies?______
A．They migrate t visit their friends.
B．They are prtected by their family members.
C．They can return t the same trees that their ancestrs lived in.
14．Frm the passage, we knw that the number f the mnarchs has drpped mainly because f ______.
A．less fdB．bad weatherC．air pllutin
15．What might the writer talk abut next after the passage?______
A．Hw t plant mre trees.
B．Hw t research these butterflies.
C．What we can d t prtect these butterflies.
【答案】
11．A
12．B
13．C
14．A
15．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了帝王蝶每年秋天的迁徙以及数量越来越少的原因。
11．细节理解题。根据文中“N ther butterfly in the wrld migrates like the range and black mnarch f Nrth America.”可知，帝王蝶是橙黑色的。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据文中“It usually takes the butterflies tw mnths t reach Mexic.”可知，帝王蝴蝶到达墨西哥需要两个月的时间。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据文中“The mst amazing thing abut these butterflies is that they return t the very same trees in Mexic that their great-great-grandparents used the winter befre.”可知，帝王蝶最神奇的事情是它们可以回到它们的祖先生活过的树上。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据文中“One f the main reasns, experts say, is that farmers have used herbicides(除草剂) n the milkweed(马利筋) plants that these butterflies feed n.”可知，除草剂的使用，使得帝王蝶可食用的植物变少，从而导致帝王蝶数量下降。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据文中“Hwever, the number f these clrful butterflies has drpped in recent years. The US Fish and Wildlife Sen ice said that nearly a billin mnarchs have disappeared frm verwintering sites(越冬地点) since 1990, the Washingtn Pst reprted, One f the main reasns, experts say, is that farmers have used herbicides(除草剂) n the milkweed(马利筋) plants that these butterflies feed n.”可推理出，此段解释了帝王蝶数量下降的原因，分析原因之后，接下去最有可能谈到的是如何保护帝王蝶。故选C。
D
（2021·湖南湘潭市·中考真题）
The Frbidden City in Beijing was the emperrs’ palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is als called “zijincheng (the Purple Frbidden City)”. Thugh its walls are red and its rfs are yellw, the palace’s name mentins the clr purple. Hw did it get this name?
The character zi refers t the “ziwei star(Plaris,北极星)”. Accrding t ancient Chinese astrnmy (天文学), the ziwei star was surrunded by 28 ther stars, meaning it was the heart f the sky. Peple believed that the palace f the Gd Emperr, which is called ziweigng, r ziwei palace, was lcated n this star. Chinese emperrs were believed t be the sns f the Gd Emperr. It was believed that their palace n Earth shuld be just like the ziweigng in the sky. That’s hw the Frbidden City gt its name.
In Chinese culture, many peple believe that the clr purple stands fr gd luck. This belief began with Lazi, the ancient philspher(哲学家) and funder f Taism(道教) wh lived arund 2,500 years ag. One day, when Lazi was traveling thrugh the Hangu Pass(函谷关) in Henan frm the east, a purple mist(薄雾) suddenly appeared in the air. It is believed that this mist was cnnected t Lazi in sme way. This “purple air frm the east” stry made peple believe the clr was a symbl f great saints frm that pint n.
16．The Frbidden City has anther tw names EXCEPT ______.
A．zijinchengB．ziweigngC．the Purple Frbidden City
17．Ancient Chinese believed that ziwei star was ______.
A．the heart f the skyB．the name f the emperrC．the palace f the Gd Emperr
18．In Chinese culture, many peple believe that the clr purple stands fr ______.
A．LaziB．the emperrC．gd luck
19．What is the main idea f the last paragraph?______
A．Where Lazi liked traveling.
B．Why Lazi was the funder f Taism.
C．What “purple air frm the east” means.
20．What is the best title f the passage?______
A．China’s “purple” palace.B．The rle f Taism in China.C．Develpment f the Frbidden City.
【答案】
16．B
17．A
18．C
19．C
20．A
【分析】
文章介绍了紫禁城名字的由来以及紫色为什么被认为是有好运的。
16．细节理解题。根据“The Frbidden City in Beijing was the emperrs’ palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is als called “zijincheng (the Purple Frbidden City)”可知，紫禁城又叫做zijincheng或者the Purple Frbidden City，故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据“Accrding t ancient Chinese astrnmy (天文学), the ziwei star was surrunded by 28 ther stars, meaning it was the heart f the sky.”可知，中国古代天文学认为紫微星是天空的心脏，故选A。
18．细节理解题。根据“In Chinese culture, many peple believe that the clr purple stands fr gd luck.”可知，在中国文化中，许多人认为紫色代表好运。故选C。
19．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的描述可知，主要是介绍老子偶遇天空中的紫色，从此让人们相信，紫色就是伟大圣人的象征，是为了告诉我们“purple air frm the east”是什么，故选C。
20．最佳标题题。根据“The Frbidden City in Beijing was the emperrs’ palace during the Ming and Qing did it get this name?”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍有关紫禁城的内容，故选A。
E
（2021·湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州·）
Duan Jiayang, a 12-year-ld student f a primary schl in Yinchuan, Ningxia, learns the skills required t take care f vegetable fields.
“I learned hw t place the mulch film（地膜）,” he says, “It’s nt easy.”
In China, many parents place a heavy fcus n their children’s gd results, but vcatinal（职业的）skills have little been cared.
“Sme parents d everything fr their children,” says Yan Mei, an fficial with the primary schl, adding that many students are shrt f the basic skills needed in their daily lives. Fr example, Yan says, sme parents wuld d the schl’s general cleaning instead f their children.
Since March last year, the gvernments have launched a lt f plicies, requiring that clleges, middle schls and primary schls pay mre attentin t teaching students practical skills.
Fllwing these plicies, the primary schl launched an “agricultural（农业的）class base” n ne f its schlyards. Students plant fruit and vegetables n an area f land abut 4,000㎡ in size.
In the days cming up t the May Day hliday, students f varius grades at the schl wrked tgether in the fields, says schl principal Yang B. They planted watermeln, carrt and crn. May Day, als knwn as Labr Day, is celebrated n May 1st in China.
The schl hpes that students will understand the fd is quite precius s that they will better realize the difficulties that their parents went thrugh.
21．What des Duan Jiayang think f this activity?______
A．Bring.B．Easy.C．Difficult.D．Interesting.
22．What d many parents care mst in the passage?______
A．Children’s life skills.B．Children’s high marks.
C．Teachers’ skills curse.D．Teachers’ teaching level.
23．Which f the fllwing crps is nt mentined accrding t the passage?______
A．Crn.B．Watermeln.C．Carrt.D．Cabbage.
24．What can students learn frm the agricultural class?______
A．Students will understand the imprtance f labr.
B．Students can realize the difficulties their parents went thrugh.
C．Students can learn the basic life skills.
D．All f the abve.
25．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?______
A．Yuths Get a Lessn in Life thrugh Skills Curse
B．Duan Jiayang, a Hard-wrking Student
C．Schls Fllw the Gvernments’ Plicies
D．Parents Hpe fr Children’s Gd Results in Schl
【答案】
21．C
22．B
23．D
24．D
25．A
【分析】
政府已经出台了很多政策，要求大学、中学和小学更加注重教授学生实用技能。本文强调了劳动教育的重要性。
21．细节理解题。根据“It’s nt easy.”可知，段佳阳认为这不容易，即很难，故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“In China, many parents place a heavy fcus n their children’s gd results”可知，在中国，许多父母非常重视孩子的好成绩，故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据“They planted watermeln, carrt and crn.”可知，他们种了西瓜、胡萝卜和玉米，没有提到卷心菜。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据“the gvernments have launched a lt f plicies, requiring that clleges, middle schls and primary schls pay mre attentin t teaching students practical skills”和“The schl hpes that students will understand the fd is quite precius s that they will better realize the difficulties that their parents went thrugh.”可知，学生们可以从农业课中学习基本的生活技能、理解劳动的重要性以及意识到他们的父母所经历的困难。故选D。
25．最佳标题题。本文强调了劳动教育的重要性，选项A“年轻人通过技能课程获得一节生活课”符合主题，故选A。
F
（2021·湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州·）
Gvernments and businesses wrldwide are creating smartphne apps t help track the spread f COVID-19.
Tracking the spread f a disease is an imprtant step in stpping its utbreak（爆发）. By tracking dwn peple wh have been in cntact with COVID-19 patients, health researchers can warn them, and keep COVID-19 frm spreading further. This is called “cntact tracing”（接触者追踪）.
As gvernments remve COVID-19 limits, they’ll need t be able t quickly find and cntrl new utbreaks. Cntact tracing will be an imprtant part f the prcess.
But because COVID-19 spreads s quickly t s many peple, it’s almst impssible t trace all cntacts with phne calls. That’s why many peple hpe that digital cntact tracing with smartphnes will help.
Mst cntact tracing apps cllect infrmatin abut where peple have gne and the peple they’ve had cntact with. The apps can tell users when ne f their recent cntacts has been fund t have COVID-19. Sme systems als tell gvernments r health care wrkers.
Nw many apps have been develped all ver the wrld. But sme peple wrry the apps are being made t quickly and may nt prtect peple’s private infrmatin.
What d yu think f this kind f app?
26．Cntact tracing apps are mainly used n ______.
A．smartphnesB．cmputersC．carsD．telephnes
27．T prevent COVID-19 frm spreading further, we’d better ______.
A．bring smartphnes
B．cntrl all peple’s mvements
C．track dwn peple wh have been in cntact with COVID-19 patients
D．tell gvernments r health care wrkers
28．What des the underlined wrd “they” in Paragraph 3 refer t?______
A．Users.B．Gvernments.C．Researchers.D．Health care wrkers.
29．What’s the disadvantage f the cntact tracing apps?______
A．T cntrl the spread f the COVID-19.B．T make health care wrkers in danger.
C．T trace all cntacts with patients.D．T make peple’s private infrmatin public prbably.
30．The passage may be ______.
A．a stryB．a science articleC．a nticeD．a speech
【答案】
26．A
27．C
28．B
29．D
30．B
【分析】
本文主要介绍了政府为了追踪新冠肺炎病毒而创建的应用程序的用处，以及人们对这种程序的担心。
26．细节理解题。根据“Gvernments and businesses wrldwide are creating smartphne apps t help track the spread f COVID-19”可知，主要用于智能手机，故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“By tracking dwn peple wh have been in cntact with COVID-19 patients, health researchers can warn them, and keep COVID-19 frm spreading further”可知，通过追踪与新冠肺炎病毒患者有过接触的人，可以防止新冠肺炎病毒进一步传播，故选C。
28．词义猜测题。根据“As gvernments remve COVID-19 limits, they’ll need t be able t quickly find and cntrl new utbreaks”可知，此处指政府可以快速的找到和控制疫情，所以they指代“Gvernments”，故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“But sme peple wrry the apps are being made t quickly and may nt prtect peple’s private infrmatin”可知，它的缺点就是可能会公开人们的私人信息，故选D。
30．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了为了追踪新冠肺炎病毒而创建的应用程序，这属于科学范畴，故选B。
G
（2021·湖南怀化市·中考真题）
Nw, AI（人工智能）is smart enugh t check lneliness（孤独）in humans.
A new study shws hw AI can knw the degrees f lneliness frm a persn’s wrds. 80 peple aged 66 t 94 tk part in the study because they ften felt lnely. They were asked 20 questins, such as “Hw ften d yu feel lnely?” and “Hw ften d yu get tgether with yur friends?”
The interesting thing is that it uses dictinary-based methds. Fr example, it can lk fr wrds t shw fears. It als gives answers by testing their wrds. If peple felt lnelier, their answers abut lneliness were lnger. It can knw the degrees f lneliness in each tpic. It als shws differences between men and wmen. If a man felt lnely, he used mre wrds t shw his fears. If a wman felt lnely, she expressed her lnely feelings directly.
31．Why did 80 ld peple take part in the study?______
A．They had n mney.B．They ften felt lnely.C．They had mre time.
32．If peple felt lnelier, their answers abut lneliness were ______.
A．lngerB．shrterC．nicer
33．Which clumn（栏目）f the newspaper des the passage cme frm?______
A．Travel.B．Science.C．Sprts.
34．What’s the best title f this passage?______
A．Help OthersB．Change the WrldC．Check Lneliness by AI
【答案】
31．B
32．A
33．B
34．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍通过人工智能来测试人类孤独的程度的相关情况。
31．细节理解题。根据“80 peple aged 66 t 94 tk part in the study because they ften felt lnely”可知，因为他们经常感到孤单，故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“If peple felt lnelier, their answers abut lneliness were lnger”可知，如果人们感到更孤独，他们对孤独的回答会更长，故选A。
33．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍通过人工智能来测试人类孤独的程度的相关情况，这属于科学范畴，故选B。
34．最佳标题。根据“Nw, AI（人工智能）is smart enugh t check lneliness（孤独）in humans”可知，本文围绕“通过人工智能来测试孤独”这件事情来介绍，故选C。
H
（2021·四川乐山市·中考真题）
On May 22, 2021, the whle natin was saddened by the news that Chinese scientist Yuan Lngping died.
Dr Yuan Lngping wrked mst f his life grwing better rice. As a result f his research, the Chinese peple are n lnger wrried abut getting starved. His great wrk als helped the wrld prduce mre and mre rice.
Yuan, brn n Sept. 7, 1930. After graduating（毕业.) frm Suthwest Agriculture Cllege, he wrked as a teacher at an agriculture schl in Hunan.
Several natural disasters（天灾）hit China in the 1960s. Yuan, saw many peple die f hunger every day. Since then, he has researched hw t grw much better crps.
In 1964 , he happened t find a natural hybrid rice（杂交水稻）plant that had great advantages ver thers. Yuan was excited abut his discvery. He then began t study the parts f this unusual plant.
In 1973, he started t develp a type f hybrid rice species（种类）. It prduced 20% mre rice per unit than cmmn nes. The seeding（种植）was very successful in the fllwing year. This prgress made China the wrld’s leader in rice prductin.
Mre than 50% f China’s ttal rice fields grw Yuan’s hybrid species. Peple call him the “Father f Hybrid Rice”.
Yuan nce said he had tw dreams — t “enjy the cl under the rice crps taller than men” and that hybrid rice culd be grwn all ver the wrld t help slve the fd prblem f the whle wrld.
35．What des the underlined wrd “starved” in paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?______
A．挨饿B．受冻C．致贫
36．What can we learn abut Yuan Lngping accrding t the third paragraph?______
A．He was brn int a scientist’s family.
B．He was nce a teacher at an agriculture schl.
C．He graduated frm Suthwest Agriculture Cllege in 1930.
37．When did Yuan Lngping succeed in seeding hybrid rice?______
A．In 1964.B．In 1973.C．In 1974.
38．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the last three paragraphs?______
A．Yuan’s hybrid rice can prvide all peple in the wrld with rice.
B．Yuan’s hybrid rice is grwn in all f China’s rice fields.
C．Yuan’s hybrid rice made China the wrld’s leader in rice prductin.
39．What des the stry mainly talk abut?______
A．The “Father f hybrid Rice”.
B．Hw t grw rice.
C．Different rice species.
【答案】
35．A
36．B
37．C
38．C
39．A
【分析】
文章介绍了中国“杂交水稻之父”——袁隆平的生平。
35．词义猜测题。根据“Dr Yuan Lngping wrked mst f his life grwing better rice. As a result f his research, the Chinese peple are n lnger wrried abut getting starved. His great wrk als helped the wrld prduce mre and mre rice.”可知，由于袁隆平的研究帮助世界生产更多的大米，中国人不再担心挨饿，所以单词“starved”指的是“挨饿”，故选A。
36．细节理解题。根据“Yuan, brn n Sept. 7, 1930. After graduating（毕业.) frm Suthwest Agriculture Cllege, he wrked as a teacher at an agriculture schl in Hunan.”可知，他曾经是一所农业学校的老师。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据“In 1973, he started t develp a type f hybrid rice species（种类）. It prduced 20% mre rice per unit than cmmn nes. The seeding（种植）was very successful in the fllwing year.”可知，1973年，他开始培育一种杂交水稻品种。它的单位产量比普通水稻多出20%。第二年播种非常成功。所以袁隆平成功播种杂交水稻是在1974年，故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据“ prgress made China the wrld’s leader in rice prductin.”以及后面的介绍可知，袁隆平的杂交水稻使中国成为世界水稻生产的领导者。故选C。
39．主旨大意题。根据整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍中国“杂交水稻之父”——袁隆平的生平，故选A。
I
（2021·四川乐山市·中考真题）
We’ve all had bad experiences with restaurants, stres r htels. Maybe yu’ve been t a restaurant that served terrible fd. Perhaps yu’ve been t a stre that had high prices and bad service. Or maybe yu’ve bked a htel and fund ut later that the rm was nthing like the advertisement（广告）.
These days, we have a better chance f stpping these unpleasant surprises. We can d this by using apps. An app is a cmputer prgram n a smartphne. Yu can use apps t d almst anything. App can help yu play games, get directins, talk t friends, and s n.
If yu want t find infrmatin abut a stre r a htel, yu can use a review app. Review apps help us evaluate（评价）service and prducts befre we hand ver ur mney. The idea is very simple. After yu g t a restaurant r stay in a htel, yu can pst a review with ne f yur apps. Yu can say anything yu want. If yu like a htel that yu stayed in, yu can tell peple that it was wnderful. If yu think that the fd in a certain restaurant was bad, then yu can tell peple nt t eat there. Other peple can use their app t read yur reviews.
Plenty f peple prefer nt t use these review apps. Many f these peple think that it’s a waste f time t lk thrugh websites and read reviews. These peple prefer t g ut and decide fr themselves whether r nt a service is gd. Hwever, review apps are getting mre and mre ppular every day. Sme apps are fr exact services. Fr example, trip adviser gives attentin t travel, and gd reader pays attentin t bks. There are als ther larger apps that prvide infrmatin fr just abut every service that yu can think f.
40．What des the article say abut apps?______
A．Yu can use apps fr many things.B．There are very few gd apps.
C．Apps are nly useful fr travel.D．Apps are very expensive t use.
41．If yu want t bk a htel, hw can a review app help yu?______
A．It can help yu write better reviews.
B．It can tell yu hw t use a smartphne.
C．It can tell yu abut the htel befre yu bk it.
D．It can tell yu abut ther peple wh pst reviews.
42．In the third paragraph, what des the underlined wrd “it” refer t?______
A．A restaurant.B．A htel.C．A review.D．A stre.
43．Accrding t the article, why d sme peple prefer NOT t use review apps?______
A．They dn’t trust review apps.
B．They think review apps are t hard.
C．They prefer t make their wn decisins.
D．They dn’t knw hw t use review apps.
44．Where can yu prbably find the passage?______
A．In a music magazine.B．In a travel guide bk.
C．In a stry bk.D．In a newspaper.
【答案】
40．A
41．C
42．B
43．C
44．D
【分析】
文章介绍了现在有关评论方面的app可以帮助大家减少一些不好的体验经历。如吃饭、住店、旅游等都可以先通过app了解别人对此的评论，然后再做决定。
40．细节理解题。根据“Yu can use apps t d almst anything.”可知，可以通过app做几乎任何事情，故选A。
41．细节理解题。根据“If yu want t find infrmatin abut a stre r a htel, yu can use a review app. Review apps help us evaluate（评价）service and prducts befre we hand ver ur mney. ”可知，如果想预定酒店，可以通过评论app了解到酒店的一些情况，故选C。
42．词义猜测题。根据“If yu like a htel that yu stayed in, yu can tell peple that it was wnderful.”可知，如果你喜欢住的酒店，你可以告诉人们它是一家很棒的酒店。此处的it指代的是酒店，故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据“Many f these peple think that it’s a waste f time t lk thrugh websites and read reviews. These peple prefer t g ut and decide fr themselves whether r nt a service is gd.”可知，有一些人喜欢走出去，自己去感受，然后自己决定一项服务是否好，而不是通过app来决定，故选C。
44．推理判断题。根据“We’ve all had bad experiences with maybe yu’ve bked a htel and fund ut later that the rm was nthing like the advertisement（广告）.”以及整个文章的理解可知，文章主要介绍有关评论方面的app可以帮助大家减少一些不好的体验经历，以及通过app可以得到什么，如何使用这种app以及人们的看法等，这属于热门类话题，应该是在报纸上，故选D。
J
（2021·甘肃天水市·中考真题）
阅读以上诗歌，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。
45．What is dne by patient trying?______
A．All that is great and gd.B．All yu’ve nt wn.
C．The things that yu’ve cried fr.D．The things that are stpped.
46．What happens t yung birds when they fly?______
A．They fly very high.B．They fall.
C．They lse cnfidence.D．They lk scared.
47．Hw is the tree after the strmy winds?______
A．She is weak.B．She is shy.C．She is pruder.D．She is dying.
48．What des the underlined wrd “defeat” prbably mean?______
A．Wrk.B．Prize.C．Happiness.D．Failure.
49．Which f the fllwing is the best title f this pem?______
A．Be brave.B．Dn’t give up.
C．Face disagreement.D．T get happiness.
【答案】
45．A
46．B
47．C
48．D
49．B
【分析】
本文是一首诗歌，告诉我们要不断尝试，不要放弃，不要害怕失败，从失败中获得成功。
45．细节理解题。根据“All that’s great and gd is dneJust by patient trying.”可知，只要耐心地尝试，所有伟大的和好的事情都会完成。故选A。
46．细节理解题。根据“Thugh yung birds, in flying, fall”可知，雏鸟在飞行时会跌落。故选B。
47．细节理解题。根据“Many blws f strmy winds,She has risen again, and grwnHigher and pruder.”可知，狂风大作，她又复活了，长大了，更高且更骄傲。故选C。
48．词义猜测题。分析“Gaining success frm defeat-That’s the test that tries yu!”可知，从失败中获得成功，这是考验。此处defeat的意思是“失败”，故选D。
49．最佳标题题。本文告诉我们要不断尝试，不要放弃，不要害怕失败，从失败中获得成功。故选B。
K
（2021·浙江衢州市·中考真题）
D vide games d harm t ur children? Tday, many children spend a lt f their free time playing games n the Internet. In the UK, 99% f kids aged 8 t 15 play vide games every week. This infrmatin tells us that the benefits and dangers f vide games must be carefully cnsidered.
Fr many peple, vide games are fun. They have bright lights, funny cartns and exciting stries. Everywhere yu lk, yu can see children playing these games. They play n buses and trains, in restaurants and even at schl.
Vide games are educatinal t. They make kids think in a creative way and they have t mve their hands and eyes quickly. This can imprve the way that a child’s brain wrks. What’s mre, vide games make children use their imaginatin. The player has t d many creative things, like drawing, telling stries and building things. Vide games are als a gd way t teach children abut technlgy because they can learn hw cmputers and ther devices wrk while they play.
Hwever, a recent study suggests that vide games can als be bad fr children. First, children can dwnlad many games fr free. This means that parents ften dn’t knw if their children are playing vilent r scary games. Secnd, many children spend t much time playing games n cmputers and this can lead t health prblems. Third, if children spend t much time playing games instead f ding hmewrk, they can have prblems at schl and get bad grades. Finally, vide games can affect children’s scial skills. If children spend t much time playing vide games by themselves, they might nt learn hw t play with their friends.
In cnclusin, it seems clear that vide games have sme advantages and sme disadvantages. It is up t parents t knw what games their children are playing and hw much time they spend n them. Parents shuld als make sure their children get enugh exercise and spend time with ther children.
50．The underlined wrd “they” in Paragraph 3 refers t ______.
A．kidsB．cmputersC．vide gamesD．playmates
51．Which disadvantages f vide games are mentined in the passage?______
a. result in bad grades
b. make kids feel bred
c. lead t health prblems
d. affect children’s scial skills
e. cause prblems between parents and kids
A．c, d, eB．b, d, eC．a, c, dD．a, b, c
52．In the writer’s pinin, ______ shuld play an imprtant rle in vide games play fr kids.
A．familyB．scietyC．schlsD．game cmpanies
53．What’s the structure f the passage?______
A．B．C．D．
【答案】
50．A
51．C
52．A
53．B
【分析】
文章介绍了电子游戏的优点和缺点，并给父母提出几个建议。
50．词义猜测题。根据“They make kids think in a creative way and they have t mve their hands and eyes quickly.”可知，电子游戏让孩子们以一种创造性的方式思考，孩子们必须快速移动他们的手和眼睛。此处they指的是“孩子们”，故选A。
51．细节理解题。根据“ can lead t health can have prblems at schl and get bad games can affect children’s scial skills”可知，电子游戏的缺点是会导致坏成绩、导致健康问题以及影响孩子们的社交技能，故选C。
52．推理判断题。根据“In cnclusin, it seems clear that vide games have sme advantages and sme disadvantages. It is up t parents t knw what games their children are playing and hw much time they spend n them.”可知，作者认为父母应该在孩子们玩电子游戏中扮演重要的角色，故选A。
53．篇章结构题。根据文章的理解，第一段通过列数字的方式举例说明电子游戏的好处和危险必须仔细考虑；第二、三段主要说电子游戏的优点；第四段说电子游戏的缺点；第五段再次总结说明电子游戏有优点也有缺点，要注意如何使用，B选项结构符合，故选B。
L
（2021·浙江衢州市·中考真题）
Did yu have cereal（麦片）fr breakfast this mrning? If yu did, yu’re nt alne. Lts f peple eat cereal fr breakfast every day. In fact, cereal is ppular all ver the wrld. It all started with ne man, Will Keith Kellgg.
Will was brn n April 7, 1860, in Battle Creek, Michigan. His first jb was as a stck by at the Battle Creek Sanitarium. A sanitarium is a special kind f place that is a little like a hspital. A sanitarium is meant fr peple wh are ill fr a lng time r wh are getting ver a serius illness. Will had ther jbs as he gt lder. But when he grew up, he became a manager f the sanitarium. His brther, Jhn, was the chief dctr there.
One big prblem at the sanitarium was the patients’ diets. The patients needed healthy diets, but it was als imprtant fr the fd t taste gd. Will was trying t find a gd fd chice t take the place f the bread, but it wasn’t ging very well. Then, by accident, Will fund smething even better. He left sme wheat t ck t lng. When it was rlled ut, it frmed large, thin flakes. He asked his brther t serve it t the patients, and they lved it! In fact, they liked it s much that they wanted breakfast flakes sent t them even after they left the sanitarium. S Will started a new business in 1884: selling packaged breakfast flakes. Befre lng, Kellgg’s breakfast cereal was ppular in ther cuntries, t. Tday, there are many kinds f breakfast cereals. But it all started with ne man and ne idea.
Will did mre than just create breakfast flakes. His cmpany made a lt f mney. But he always shared it with thers generusly. He used much f his mney t help children. He als used his mney t help in several ther charities（慈善机构）. Will Kdllgg died in 1951. But his mst famus inventin is as ppular as ever.
54．Will wrked as ______ befre he became a manager f the sanitarium.
A．a chief dctrB．a stck byC．a business manD．a ck
55．Which f the fllwing is NOT TRUE abut cereal accrding t the passage?______
A．It tasted better than bread.B．It was Will’s favurite fd.
C．It was invented by accident.D．It is ppular arund the wrld.
56．Which wrd can describe Will Kellgg best?______
A．Funny.B．Nervus.C．Brave.D．Generus.
57．What is the purpse f the passage?______
A．T give advice n eating healthily.B．T intrduce patients’ breakfast.
C．T describe Will and his inventin.D．T explain hw t make cereal.
【答案】
54．B
55．B
56．D
57．C
【分析】
文章介绍了麦片的发明过程以及它的发明人的情况。
54．细节理解题。根据“His first jb was as a stck by at the Battle Creek when he grew up, he became a manager f the sanitarium.”可知，Will在成为经理之前是疗养院的仓库管理员，故选B。
55．推理判断题。根据“He asked his brther t serve it t the patients, and they lved it! In fact, they liked it s much that they wanted breakfast flakes sent t them even after they left the sanitarium.”以及整个文章的理解可知，病人们非常喜欢麦片，而没有说麦片是Will最喜欢的食物，故选B。
56．推理判断题。根据“But he always shared it with thers generusly. He used much f his mney t help children. He als used his mney t help in several ther charities（慈善机构）.”可知，他总是慷慨地与别人分享。他用很多钱帮助孩子们。他还用自己的钱帮助其他几个慈善机构，说明他是非常慷概大方的，故选D。
57．主旨大意题。根据整个文章的理解可知，文章主要是介绍麦片以及麦片的发明人的情况，故选C。
M
（2021·浙江衢州市·中考真题）
There are abut 1.5 millin kinds f living things n Earth, but hw many d yu see every day? Yu ften see the big clurful animals, like birds, rabbits, and fish. But lk mre clsely. Can yu see the small nes, t? Insects（昆虫）make up 80 percent f all the wrld’s living kinds. Lk n the grund. Imagine yu culd lk under the grund, t. Many small living things with ne cell live there. Life is everywhere arund us, in every cubic ft (a ft= 12 inches).
David Littschwager is a phtgrapher wh wanted t find ut hw many living things lived in ne cubic ft. S he made a 12-inch cube with a green metal frame. And then he put it in five habitats（栖息地）. He chse a trpical rainfrest（Csta Rica）, a cral reef（Pacific Ocean), the Table Muntain(Suth Africa), a freshwater river(USA), and a small park(New Yrk). Three weeks were spent at each place. He watched, cunted, and tk phts f everything dwn t I millimeter in size—that crawled（爬）r flew int the cube.
The results were amazing. Liittschwager fund bth cmmn and rare living things. He discvered many new living kinds, like a strange transparent ctpus that is the size f a fingernail! In ttal, mre than a thusand living things were phtgraphed. Liittchwager said the One Cubic Ft experience was like “finding treasure”. David Liittschwager als fund that the highest bidiversity（生物多样性）in the reef was in the skeletn cral（珊瑚遗骨）. These skeletn cral are suitable fr sea living things f all sizes t grw. Althugh the cral reef had the widest range f bidiversity, all the ther habitats were full f life. Even the city park!
58．What des “ne cubic ft” mean in Paragraph 2?______
A．1 inch x 1 inchB．1 inch x 1 inch x l inch
C．12 inches x 12 inchesD．12 inches x 12 inches x 12 inches
59．What did David Liittschwager think f the One Cubic Ft experience?______
A．It was valuable.B．It was different.C．It was simple.D．It was cmmn.
60．Which habitat has the mst bidiversity?______
A．The trpical rainfrest.B．The cral reef.C．The Table Muntain.D．The city park.
61．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?______
A．Life Is EverywhereB．Find Treasure in Nature
C．Five Habitats t Live inD．A Stry f David Littschwager
【答案】
58．D
59．A
60．B
61．A
【分析】
文章介绍了地球上大约有150万种生物，但你每天能看到多少种？生命无处不在，一位摄影师大卫·利特施瓦格，他想知道一立方英尺有多少生物，并做了相应的实验，以及对他的实验的情况介绍。
58．细节理解题。根据“S he madea12-inch cube with a green metal frame.”可知，他做了一个12英寸的立方体，应该是长宽高都是12英寸，故选D。
59．推理判断题。根据“The results were amazing. Liittschwager fund bth cmmn and rare living things.”可知，他认为实验的结果是令人惊讶的，他发现了普通和稀有的生物，所以说这个实验应该是有价值的，故选A。
60．细节理解题。根据“David Liittschwager als fund that the highest bidiversity（生物多样性）in the reef was in the skeletn cral（珊瑚遗骨） the cral reef had the widest range f bidiversity”可知，珊瑚礁有最广泛的生物多样性，故选B。
61．最佳标题题。根据“There are abut 1.5 millin kinds f living things n is everywhere arund us, in every cubic ft”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要通过摄影师大卫·利特施瓦格的实验告诉我们，生命无处不在，故选A。
N
（2021·山东菏泽市·中考真题）
Think abut what yu like t wear n the weekend. There’s a gd chance that yu like t put n a pair f blue jeans. At any mment, abut half f the wrld’s ppulatin is wearing jeans. But accrding t a new study, ur lve fr jeans may be bad fr Earth. Denim （牛仔布）might be putting sme sea animals in danger.
Every time we wash ur jeans, tiny bits f denim will flw ut f ur washing machines, dwn int the wrld’s rivers, lakes and ceans.
Yu might wnder: Isn’t denim made f cttn, a natural material? Hw can it becme a danger t nature? Well, in the prcess f making jeans, denim is treated with many types f man-made chemicals. Sme imprve its durability （耐用性）and feel; thers give jeans their blue clr.
Scientists studied the Great Lakes in America and the Arctic Ocean in nrthern Canada. They fund denim waste in all f the samples （样本）they had cllected. It is feared that the harmful chemicals in denim have spread far and wide. Scientists aren’t yet sure hw these chemicals might harm animals.
In the study, the scientists als washed jeans t see hw many bits f denim each pair wuld drp per wash. The answer was frightening: Abut 50,000. Nt all f them make their way int the envirnment. Wastewater treatment plants hld back 83 t 99 percent f them. This may sund pretty gd, Hwever, ne percent f 50,000 bits are still 500 per wash. Nw think abut the number f jeans arund the wrld and the times each f them gets washed. As a result, a large amunt f denim waste still gets int the envirnment.
Des this mean we shuldn’t wear jeans? Prbably nt “We need t buy fewer jeans and nly wash them when we truly need t d it,” says Sam Athey, ne f the scientists. “Yu dn’t need t wash yur jeans after having wrn them nly a cuple f times.”
62．What influence might denim have n sea animals?______
A．It might d harm t sme sea animals.
B．It has n influence n sea animals.
C．It is gd t all the sea animals.
63．Why d peple add man-made chemicals when making jeans?______
①T save the materials and make mre mney.
②T imprve denim’s durability and feel.
③T make jeans blue.
A．①②B．①③C．②③
64．Hw many bits f denim might get int the envirnment every year?______
A．Five hundred.B．Fifty thusand.C．T many t cunt.
65．What shuld we d accrding t Sam Athey’s wrds?______
A．We are nt suppsed t wear jeans.
B．We need t wash ur jeans every day.
C．We shuld buy fewer jeans and wash them fewer times.
【答案】
62．A
63．C
64．C
65．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍清洗牛仔布会对环境造成污染，建议我们少买牛仔裤，少清洗。
62．细节理解题。根据“Denim （牛仔布）might be putting sme sea animals in danger.”可知，牛仔布可能会让一些海洋动物处于危险之中。故选A。
63．细节理解题。根据“Sme imprve its durability （耐用性）and feel; thers give jeans their blue clr.”可知，人们在制作牛仔裤时添加人造化学物质一是为了它的耐用性和触感，二是为了牛仔裤变成蓝色。故选C。
64．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中内容可知，每条牛仔裤都会有至少500片废料，结合“Nw think abut the number f jeans arund the wrld and the times each f them gets washed. As a result, a large amunt f denim waste still gets int the envirnment.”可知，每年有数不清的牛仔布会污染环境。故选C。
65．推理判断题。根据“We need t buy fewer jeans and nly wash them when we truly need t d it”和“Yu dn’t need t wash yur jeans after having wrn them nly a cuple f times.”可知，Sam Athey建议我们应该少买些牛仔裤，少洗几次。故选C。
O
（2021·江苏南京市·中考真题）
Imagine yu chse t jin WrldBk Day Bk Club. Nw yu are reading a bk n art fr children.
Abut art
Art is a vast subject, including all kinds f pictures and sculptures. This bk intrduces 32 wrks by sme f the wrld’s mst famus artists. This is nly a small selectin, but it reveals（揭示）huge differences in what artists d.
Why make art?
Artists make art fr many reasns. Smetimes, they just want t create smething beautiful. But hundreds f years ag-when many peple culdn’t read-paintings were ften designed t illustrate stries.
Very grand paintings were usually made t rder, fr wealthy clients wh wanted t impress peple. Mre recently, artists have begun t paint t express their wn feelings r explre ideas.
Abut this bk
The pictures reprduced in this bk were painted ver the last 500 years. They are arranged（排列）in rder f date, s yu can see hw ideas abut art have changed ver time. If yu wuld like t see mre art, there is lts n the Internet-just fllw the links recmmended thrughut the bk. If yu can, visit an art gallery t, s yu can experience seeing the “real thing” .
66．Why are the wrks intrduced in the bk?______
A．T tell readers huge differences in what artists d.
B．T ffer readers all kinds f pictures and sculptures.
C．T share every famus artist’s life stry with readers.
D．T intrduce a number f wrks frm an artist t readers.
67．The wrks in the bk are arranged in rder f ______
A．sizeB．spaceC．timeD．imprtance
68．The passage abve mainly ______.
A．gives an intrductin t the bkB．shws the size f each part in the bk
C．shws the number f the artists in the bkD．gives the reasns t rder paintings in the bk
【答案】
66．A
67．C
68．A
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍一本关于艺术的书。
66．细节理解题。根据“This is nly a small selectin, but it reveals（揭示）huge differences in what artists d.”可知，这只是一小部分，但它揭示了艺术家们所做的巨大差异。故选A。
67．细节理解题。根据“They are arranged（排列）in rder f date”可知，它们是按日期顺序排列的，故选C。
68．主旨大意题。本文向我们介绍一本关于艺术的书，选项A“为这本书作了介绍”符合主题，故选A。
P
（2021·江苏南京市·中考真题）
After reading s much, yu may wnder hw t make a bk. It’s time fr yu t have a try!
Have yu ever wndered hw a bk is made? It takes a lt f peple t make a bk. It can take mnths, r even years, fr a bk t g frm an idea t a finished prduct.
A bk begins when an authr cmes up with an idea fr a bk. Authrs get ideas in different ways. They may get ideas frm their wn lives, frm watching the wrld arund them, r frm reading.
Next, an authr may plan the bk by making an utline （提纲）. Smetimes authrs d research t gather infrmatin. They may read bks r articles. They may interview peple r visit places.
Then, the authr begins t write. Authrs may write fr mnths r years t finish a manuscript. A manuscript is the text an authr prduces fr publicatin.
Finally, the authr sends the cmpleted manuscript t a publisher. If the publisher decides t publish the bk, the authr wrks with an editr. An editr reads the manuscript. Then he r she recmmends changes t imprve the bk. A cpy editr reads the manuscript t crrect any grammatical mistake.
After an authr makes the suggested changes, a designer may decide hw the bk will lk. The designer may chse the size, shape, and type styles fr the bk. Sme picture bk authrs create their wn illustratins（插图）. If nt, an illustratr is chsen t create pictures fr the bk.
The illustratr makes sketches f pictures that will g n each page. The sketches are sent t the publishing cmpany. The editr makes sure the pictures clearly tell the stry. The designer checks hw the wrds and pictures will fit tgether n the pages.
After the design changes are made, the illustratr begins creating the final pictures. He r she may change the clurs, the perspective, r the cmpsitin f pictures. It may take mnths t create all the pictures.
The finished art is then sent t the publisher. The designer adjusts（调整）hw the pictures and wrds fit tgether n the pages. The cmpleted pages are sent t the printer. Many bks are still made int bks with paper pages.
The printer uses huge printing presses t make the pages. The pages are fixed tgether. The bk cver is added. The finished bks are then sent t the publisher’s warehuse. They are stred there until they are bught by libraries and bkstres.
E-readers have changed hw sme bks are made. Sme authrs d nt use a publisher at all. Instead f sending a manuscript t a publisher, sme authrs turn their manuscripts int eBks themselves. Finally, an authr’s eBk is upladed（上传）t virtual bkstres n the Internet. Custmers can buy and dwnlad eBks frm these websites.
69．Accrding t the passage, the designer’s jb is t ______.
A．create pictures fr the bkB．make an utline f the bk
C．decide hw the bk will lkD．crrect grammatical mistakes in the bk
70．Yur first bk will be published sn. What will first happen t it after the illustratr has created the final pictures?______
A．B．
C．D．
71．The writer uses the LAST paragraph t ______.
A．intrduce the histry f eBksB．describe the disadvantages f eBks
C．shw the develpment f making a bkD．ask custmers t supprt authrs in making a bk
72．The writer explains hw t make a bk by ______.
A．giving causesB．shwing stepsC．prviding examplesD．expressing pinins
73．What is the best title fr the passage?______
A．Frm Idea t BkB．Different Kinds f Bks
C．Wrkers in the Publishing HuseD．Between Publishers and Custmers
【答案】
69．C
70．D
71．C
72．C
73．A
【分析】
本文向我们展示了制做一本书的过程，并提到最近比较流行的电子阅读器。
69．细节理解题。根据“After an authr makes the suggested changes, a designer may decide hw the bk will lk.”可知，作者做出建议的修改后，设计师可能会决定书的外观。故选C。
70．推理判断题。根据“The finished art is then sent t the publisher. The designer adjusts（调整）hw the pictures and wrds fit tgether n the pages. The cmpleted pages are sent t the printer.”可知，完成后的艺术作品会被送到出版商那里，设计师调整图片和文字在页面上的组合方式，完成的页面被发送到打印机。故选D。
71．推理判断题。分析最后一段内容可知，本段介绍制作一本书的发展，故选C。
72．细节理解题。分析全文内容可知，作者通过举例说明如何制作一本书。故选C。
73．最佳标题题。分析全文内容可知，本文向我们展示了制做一本书的过程，并提到最近比较流行的电子阅读器。选项A“从想法到书”符合语境，故选A。
Q
（2021·湖北宜昌市·中考真题）
Jnny, a 15-year-ld student, is checking his dad’s ld jacket. He says, “Yu’re 45. Dad, yu’re never ging t wear this again. Can I have it?”
Keith has had a bad day at wrk, and he is feeling ld. And Jnny has hit his pain. Keith raises his vice and says, “What? Yu mean I’m t ld t wear the jacket again?”
Jnny feels like this has cme ut f nwhere, and nw he feels hurt. But I nly asked, “Why are yu shuting at me?”
“But I dn’t like being treated as thugh I’m t ld.” Bth f them feel a bit upset.
Have yu ever had a similar argument with the peple arund yu? Here are sme tips fr yu t remember when yu’re getting mad.
● Accept yur feelings and cnsider the ther persn’s feelings. That means nt always making yurself “right” r “clever” and the ther persn “wrng” r “stupid”.
● Explain yurself and nt the ther persn, s yu can speak ut yur ideas by starting with “I” but nt “Yu”.
● Dn’t always have t reflect befre reacting（回应）. If yu feel angry, I think it’s a gd idea t stp fr a mment and understand why.
●Dn’t decide the purpse f the ther persn by yur guessing. Try t wrk ut what he r she is feeling, and admit（承认）it if yu were wrng.
Dn’t frget that it’s never t late t start the ways f cmmunicating.
74．Frm the passage, we can knw Jnny ______.
A．is schl byB．desn’t like his dad
C．thinks his dad is t ldD．wants his dad’s new jacket
75．Jnny felt hurt because his dad ______.
A．hit is painB．had a busy dagC．liked the jacketD．was angry with him
76．T avid an argument, the writer gives us ______ suggestins.
A．2B．3C．4D．5
77．Accrding t the passage, if yu want t express yur ideas, yu’d better begin like this: “______”.
A．Yu misunderstd me…B．I knw hw yu feel, but…
C．They’re different frm us…D．Things aren’t the same…
78．The best title fr the passage can be ______.
A．Learn t Admit Yur Mistakes Bravely
B．Be Patient with the Peple arund Yu
C．An Argument between a Father and a Sn
D．Gd Ways f Cmmunicatin Are Imprtant
【答案】
74．A
75．D
76．C
77．B
78．D
【分析】
本文由Jnny和爸爸二人的争论，就生气给我们几条建议，告诉我们好的沟通方式很重要。
74．细节理解题。根据“Jnny, a 15-year-ld student”可知，Jnny是一名学生，故选A。
75．细节理解题。根据“and nw he feels hurt. But I nly asked, ‘Why are yu shuting at me?’”可知，Jnny感觉受伤是因为他的爸爸对他大叫、跟他生气。故选D。
76．细节理解题。根据“ Accept yur feelings and cnsider the ther persn’s feelings.”，“ Explain yurself and nt the ther persn…”，“Dn’t always have t reflect befre reacting（回应）.”和“Dn’t decide the purpse f the ther persn by yur guessing.”可知，作者给出四条建议，故选C。
77．推理判断题。根据“Explain yurself and nt the ther persn, s yu can speak ut yur ideas by starting with ‘I’ but nt ‘Yu’.”可知，解释你自己而不是别人，这样你就可以从“我”而不是“你”开始说出你的想法。选项B“我知道你的感受，但是……”符合，故选B。
78．最佳标题题。根据“Dn’t frget that it’s never t late t start the ways f cmmunicating.”和全文内容可知，本文就生气给我们几条建议，告诉我们好的沟通方式很重要。故选D。
R
（2021·江苏盐城市·中考真题）
The fllwing is adapted frm a prmtinal film abut Yancheng.
79．What’s the main purpse f the film?______
A．T intrduce Yancheng t the wrld.B．T shw the sights f Yancheng.
C．T explain the histry f Yancheng.D．T describe the develpment f Yancheng.
80．“Here, it is a paradise fr animals and als animal lvers.” can be put in ______.
A．①B．②C．③D．④
81．What might be the best title fr the film?______
A．Old Yancheng.B．Busy Yancheng.C．Natural Yancheng.D．Lving Yancheng.
【答案】
79．A
80．C
81．D
【分析】
本文改编自一部关于盐城的宣传电影，向我们介绍盐城。
79．主旨大意题。本文改编自一部关于盐城的宣传电影，向我们介绍盐城。故选A。
80．推理判断题。根据“Here, we live in harmny with nature”可知，我们与自然和谐相处，题干中“Here, it is a paradise fr animals and als animal lvers.这里是动物的天堂，也是动物爱好者的天堂”与自然相关，故选C。
81．最佳标题题。本文主要向我们介绍盐城，包括盐城的变化、工业、自然等方面，且根据结尾“Here, a mdern city is being built and enriched with passin.Here, braden yur hrizn and pen yur heart.”的描述，选项D“充满爱的盐城”符合主题，故选D。
S
（2021·四川广安市·中考真题）
A primary schl headmaster became the latest star n the Internet fr dancing with his students.
Zhang Pengfei wrks in Xiguan Primary Schl in Linyi, Shanxi Prvince. Every mrning, he leads 700 pupils t d the “ghst shuffle” rutine n the playgrund. They dance fr 30 minutes every day. They like dancing mre than ding the ld exercise rutine, s they dn’t d the ld ne nw.
“I thught we needed a change because the students lst interest in ding the ld exercise rutine thugh it was useful fr pupils” Zhang tld the reprter. After all, they started t d the ld exercise rutine in 1951.
Mr. Zhang saw a grup f peple ding the “ghst shuffle” rutine by accident. Then he decided t learn it n his wn. “I thught the dance wuld be great fr kids,” he said, “The music is energetic and it really makes children relax.” In Octber 2018, he intrduced the dance t all the pupils f his schl. Sn even teachers and wrkers there jined in the activity.
“Nw the pupils dn’t keep playing games n their phnes. Smetimes they watch different dancing vides and learn new mves!” the headmaster said.
82．The students d the “ghst shuffle” rutine fr ______ every week frm Mnday t Friday.
A．30 minutesB．1.5 hursC．2 hursD．2.5 hurs
83．When did the students in Xiguan Primary Schl start t d the “ghst shuffle” rutine?______
A．In 1951.B．In 2018.C．In 2019.D．In 2020.
84．Hw did Zhang Pengfei feel abut the music f the “ghst shuffle” rutine?______
A．Energetic and relaxing.B．Slw and traditinal.
C．Classical and interesting.D．Quiet and relaxing.
85．After Mr. Zhang intrduced the “ghst shuffle” rutine t his schl, the pupils ______.
A．became smarter
B．asked their parents t dance with them
C．didn’t d ther types f sprts any mre
D．didn’t keep playing games n their phnes
86．Frm the passage, we knw ______.
A．the ld exercise rutine has a histry f many years
B．nly the students d the dance at Mr. Zhang’s schl
C．Mr. Zhang learnt the dance n TV
D．Mr. Zhang ften dances after wrk
【答案】
82．D
83．B
84．A
85．D
86．A
【分析】
这篇文章主要讲述了来自山西省临猗县西关小学的校长张鹏飞每天带领学生跳30分钟鬼步舞的事情。
82．细节理解题。根据“They dance fr 30 minutes every day.”可知，每天跳30分钟，一周上五天学，就是150分钟，即2.5小时，故选D。
83．细节理解题。根据“In Octber 2018, he intrduced the dance t all the pupils f his schl. Sn even teachers and wrkers there jined in the activity.”可知，2018年10月，他向全校学生介绍了舞蹈。很快就连那里的老师和工人也参加了这项活动。故选B。
84．细节理解题。根据“he said, “The music is energetic and it really makes children relax.” ”可知，张鹏飞认为鬼步舞的音乐充满活力，令人放松，故选A。
85．细节理解题。根据“Nw the pupils dn’t keep playing games n their phnes. Smetimes they watch different dancing vides and learn new mves!”可知，在张老师向学校的学生们介绍了鬼步舞之后，学生们不再一直玩手机游戏，故选D。
86．推理判断题。根据“ After all, hey started t d the ld exercise rutine in 1951.”可知，这个旧的锻炼方式从1951年就开始了，到现在已经有很多年的历史了，故选A。
T
（2021·四川广安市·中考真题）
DNA is the whle “map” f the human bdy. It is smething that all humans have, and it tells the bdy what t d. DNA is the reasn that we lk like ur parents, because we get sme f the DNA t make ur wn.
Peple have been trying t understand the human bdy fr a lng time. In 1860, Mr. Mendel discvered why we lk similar t ther peple in ur family. It is because f small things called “genes（基因）” in ur bdy. In 1953, tw scientists, Watsn and Crick, fund ut that thse small parts are real messages. They are written in the DNA with a special language.
In 1961, anther tw scientists fund the first “wrd” that they culd understand in that language. It shws hw DNA tells the cell（细胞）t build its parts. S far, scientists have fund all the wrds in the DNA map, but we d nt understand what they all d. By understanding what just ne “wrd” means, we can help t save peple frm several illnesses. S the mre we understand, the mre dctrs will be able t d.
Mst peple hpe that this will help t make better medicine t help sick peple. Other peple wrry that when we learn mre “wrds” and find ut mre infrmatin, we will use in the wrng way, just t make peple mre attractive（有吸引力的）, r stp sick peple getting jbs.
87．Wh discvered why we lk like ther peple in ur family in 1860?______
A．Crick.B．Watsn.C．Mr. Harris.D．Mr, Mendel.
88．The tw scientists fund ______ in 1961.
A．all the wrds in the DNA map
B．small things called “genes” in ur bdy
C．the first “wrd” that they culd understand in that language
D．the small parts are written in the DNA with a special language
89．Hw can we help sick peple if we understand mre “wrds” in the DNA map?______
A．Make better medicineB．Stp them getting jbs
C．Tell them what t dD．Make them attractive
90．Accrding t the passage, all f the fllwing are true except that ______.
A．we lk like ur parents because f “genes” in ur bdy
B．we have understd what all the wrds in the DNA map d
C．DNA is the whle “map” f the human bdy
D．DNA tells the cell build its parts
91．What d peple think f this research abut DNA? ______
A．It can be badB．It can be gd
C．It can be gd but wn't wrk.D．It can be gd and bad.
【答案】
87．D
88．C
89．A
90．B
91．D
【分析】
文章介绍了DNA的发现历史，并介绍了这一发现对于人类生活的影响及人们对此的不同意见。
87．细节理解题。根据“In 1860, Mr. Mendel discvered why we lk similar t ther peple in ur family.”可知，是Mr. Mendel发现我们看起来像我们家的其他人，故选D。
88．细节理解题。根据“In 1961, anther tw scientists fund the first “wrd” that they culd understand in that language.”可知，1961年，另外两位科学家发现了他们用那种语言理解的词汇。故选C。
89．细节理解题。根据“By understanding what just ne “wrd” means, we can help t save peple frm several peple hpe that this will help t make better medicine t help sick peple.”可知，人们对DNA信息了解的越多，医生们可以做的就越多，他们可以研制出更好的药来拯救病人，故选A。
90．推理判断题。根据“S far, scientists have fund all the wrds in the DNA map, but we d nt understand what they all d.”可知，到目前为止，科学家们已经发现了DNA上的所有信息，但是我们仍然不知道这些信息可以做什么，故选B。
91．观点态度题。根据“Mst peple hpe that this will help t make better medicine t help sick peple. Other peple wrry that when we learn stp sick peple getting jbs.”可知，人们对这一发现持正反两方面的意见。故选D。
U
（2021·湖北随州市·中考真题）
The wrld’s highest highway tunnel（公路隧道）, Mila Muntain Tunnel, was pen t traffic n April 26, 2019, at an altitude（海拔）f ver 4,750 meters abve sea level in Suthwest China’s Tibet.
The tw-way tunnel is ver 5.7 km lng, which is a part f the 400-km highway cnnecting Lhasa with Nyingchi. Peple started building the tunnel n the 5,018-meter-high Mila Muntain in 2015. And it was finished in 2019, helping shrten the 18-km distance（距离）ver the muntain t 5.7 km.
It wasn’t easy t build the highest tunnel in China. Terribly cld weather and t little xygen（氧气）were tw main difficulties. Besides, carrying everything t the building site（工地）was a great challenge fr ver 2,000 wrkers.
Hwever, everyne at the site wrked hard t finish building the tunnel n time and mre than 10 latest techniques were develped while the wrkers were ding this great prject. “We’ve wrked here fr several years and lived in simple huses,” said Xu Yng, the leader f the prject. “Everything was s difficult, but we never feel srry fr urselves here. It is a great prject.”
The highway is an imprtant way t the eastern part f Tibet. It can help t make mre peple visit Tibet and bring traffic cnvenience t lcal peple.
92．Hw lng did it take t finish building the tw-way tunnel?______
A．Abut three years.B．Abut fur years.
C．Abut five years.D．Abut six years.
93．What CANNOT we knw frm the secnd paragraph?______
A．Hw lng the tunnel is.B．Where the tunnel is built.
C．Hw high the Mila Muntain is.D．What materials were used t build the tunnel.
94．What des the third paragraph mainly tell us?______
A．Why peple wanted t build the tunnel.
B．Hw many wrkers wrked in the cnstructin（建设）f the tunnel.
C．What prblems the wrkers faced when building the tunnel.
D．Hw the wrkers slved the prblems f building the tunnel.
95．What can we infer frm Xu Yng’s wrds?______
A．It’s wrth putting much time and wrk int building the tunnel.
B．It tk them many years t get used t living there.
C．They earned a lt f mney by building the tunnel.
D．Their living and wrking cnditins were nt very bad.
96．What’s the writer’s purpse in writing the passage?______
A．T shw the develpment f Tibet.
B．T encurage mre peple t travel t Tibet.
C．T intrduce the altitude f the highway tunnel.
D．T tell smething abut the wrld’s highest highway tunnel.
【答案】
92．C
93．D
94．C
95．A
96．D
【分析】
本文主要关于世界上地理位置最高的公路隧道，介绍了它的基本信息、建造过程中的困难以及它的重要性。
92．细节理解题。根据“Peple started building the tunnel n the 5,018-meter-high Mila Muntain in 2015. And it was finished in 2019...”可知，大约花了五年的时间建成双向隧道。故选C。
93．推理判断题。根据“The tw-way tunnel is ver 5.7 km lng”可知，我们可以知道隧道的长度；根据“which is a part f the 400-km highway cnnecting Lhasa with Nyingchi.”可知，我们可以知道隧道是在哪里建造的；根据“Peple started building the tunnel n the 5,018-meter-high Mila Muntain in 2015.”可知，我们可以知道米拉山的高度；建造隧道用了什么材料在第二段中未提及。故选D。
94．段落大意题。根据“It wasn’t easy t build the highest tunnel in China. Terribly cld weather and t little xygen were tw main difficulties. Besides...”可知，第三段主要介绍工人们在修建隧道时遇到了什么问题。故选C。
95．推理判断题。根据“Everything was s difficult, but we never feel srry fr urselves here. It is a great prject.”可知，徐勇认为虽然一切都很艰难，但是这是一个大工程，在修建这条隧道上花很多时间和精力是值得的。故选A。
96．主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍世界上地理位置最高的公路隧道。故选D。
V
（2021·湖南常德市·中考真题）
Mderatin（自我调节）
Pay attentin t hw yu lead yur life mst f the time. A healthy lifestyle is ne that desn’t take extremes（极端）as a way f life. Be mderate in what yu d.
Eat well
It is imprtant t pay attentin t bth what yu eat and hw yu eat. As Scrates said : “ Yu shuld eat t live ;nt live t eat.” A different diet（饮食）with vegetables and fresh fruits is gd fr the brain. Als take time ff fr meals.
Exercise
Students must knw the value f exercise because it plays a necessary part in cunterbalancing（抵消）the stress（压力）respnses prduced in ur bdies by having t meet exams.
Sleep
Students are getting less and less f sleep which might lead t mre stress. The hurs f sleep befre midnight are thught t be the mst helpful. Fr this reasn students must re-regulate their bdy clck and g t bed and get up at regular time.
Express yurself
The way students feel abut their wrk and ther issues in their life plays a huge part in hw they deal with stress. It is advisable that students shuld be realistic whatever happens in their lives.
T sum up, studies are really very imprtant, but never at the expense（代价）f students’ physical and mental well-being. Besides, if students feel well they will be ready t face the challenges（挑战） f exams alive and kicking.
97．What fd is gd fr the brain accrding t paragraph tw?______
A．Vegetables and fruits.B．Hamburgers and meat.C．Rice and ndles.
98．When is the best time fr a student t g t sleep?______
A．At 7:00 pm.B．At 10:00 pm.C．At 1:00 am.
99．Where can we mst prbably read this article?______
A．In a tur guide.B．On a web page fr tips.C．In a daily newspaper.
100．What’s the best title f the reading?______
A．Stress in part f students’ lives
B．A healthy mind in a healthy bdy
C．Prepare fr yur exams with a healthy bdy and mind
【答案】
97．A
98．B
99．B
100．B
【分析】
文章介绍了学生要学会从不同的方面进行自我调节，学习确实非常重要，但决不能以牺牲学生的身心健康为代价。
97．细节理解题。根据“A different diet（饮食）with vegetables and fresh fruits is gd fr the brain.”可知，水果和蔬菜对大脑有好处，故选A。
98．推理判断题。根据“The hurs f sleep befre midnight are thught t be the mst helpful.”可知，午夜前的睡眠时间被认为是最有帮助的。也就是12点之前睡觉是最好的，而7点又太早了，故选B。
99．推理判断题。根据整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍学生要从几个的方面教学生进行自我调节，减轻压力，应该是来自一个健康网页的提示，故选B。
100．最佳标题题。根据整个文章的理解可知，文章主要介绍了学生应该如何调节自己，来获得健康的身心，故选B。
W
（2021·湖南岳阳市·中考真题）
101．Frm the picture, the rubbish is divided int ______ kinds.
A．threeB．furC．five
102．Yu can thrw used paper int the ______ bin.
A．harmful rubbishB．ther rubbishC．recyclable rubbish
【答案】
101．B
102．C
【分析】
本文向我们介绍了垃圾分类的四种类型和相对应的一些垃圾。
101．细节理解题。根据图片提示可知，垃圾分为四种。故选B。
102．细节理解题。根据图片提示可知，用过的纸应投入可回收垃圾桶中，故选C。
X
（2021·湖南岳阳市·中考真题）
103．What are Li Ning T-shirts made f?______
A．Wl(羊毛).B．Silk.C．Xinjiang cttn.
104．Whse live-streaming rm will yu g if yu want t buy a Hai'er fridge?______
A．He Wei’s.B．Wu Ming’s.C．Mei Ping’s.
105．Hw much d yu need t pay fr tw Li Ning T-shirts and ne kil f Pu’er tea?______
A．¥950.B．¥1080.C．¥1100.
【答案】
103．C
104．C
105．B
【分析】
本文介绍了三个人的直播间所售卖的产品的情况。
103．细节理解题。根据“made f Xinjiang cttn”可知，是由新疆棉制成的，故选C。
104．细节理解题。根据“Mei Ping”及产品的照片，可知，美萍的直播间是售卖海尔冰箱的，故选C。
105．细节理解题。根据“¥150 each ¥280 fr tw”及“¥800 fr 1 kil”可知，两件李宁的衣服需要280元，一公斤的普洱茶需要800元，加在一起总共1080元，故选B。
Y
（2021·湖北武汉市·中考真题）
106．The app Memry Helper ______.
A．is used wrldwideB．is designed fr the ld
C．helps deal with dementiaD．cnnects peple's brains
107．Where was the idea f creating Memry Helper frm?______
A．The illness f a wmanB．The advice f sme students.
C．A scientific prblemD．An internatinal cmpetitin.
108．The small prgram Memry Game in the pht is prbably t ______.
A．kill timeB．practice the brain
C．stre memriesD．find back lst things
109．Frm the material abve, we can knw that ______.
A．the pht was prvided by Laura
B．Technvatin Kids tk place in Ireland n June 21
C．Wuhan Daily reprted the news befre Mars Times
D．the news Memry Helper cmes frm TECH& LIFE sectin
110．The passage mainly tells us ______.
A．internatinal cmpetitins are imprtant
B．a teacher helped three kids win the final
C．three teenagers have made smething useful
D．everyne can realize their technlgy dream
【答案】
106．C
107．A
108．B
109．D
110．C
【分析】
本文介绍了一款应用软件——Memry Helper，它可以帮助痴呆患者，使他们的生活更容易。
106．细节理解题。根据“A talented yung team frm Ireland, the creatrs f Memry Helper, develped this supprt app (应用软件) fr peple with dementia (痴呆).”可知Memry Helper为了痴呆的人开发的软件。故选C。
107．细节理解题。根据“The inspiratin fr their prject came frm their teacher's mther, wh had dementia and died earlier this year.”可知项目的灵感来自他们老师的母亲。故选A。
108．推理判断题。根据“The app slves sme cmmn prblems cnnected with dementia like lss(失去) f memry.”可知应用软件能够帮助痴呆患者减缓记忆力下降，因此可推测“记忆游戏”应该是锻炼大脑的。故选B。
109．推理判断题。根据左上角的“TECH& LIFE”可知这篇材料应该出现在报纸上的科技与生活版块。故选D。
110．主旨大意题。根据“A talented yung team frm Ireland, the creatrs f Memry Helper, develped this supprt app (应用软件) fr peple with dementia (痴呆). ”可知本文主要介绍三个年轻人为痴呆人群开发的应用软件，他们做了有意义的事。故选C。
Z
（2021·四川眉山市·中考真题）
Have yu ever imagined the life in space? The fllwing will shw yu the astrnauts’ daily life.
● Eating in space
If yu g camping fr mre than a week with sme friends, yu will make sure yu have plenty f fds and keep them prperly. At the end f yur camping trip, yu wuld deal with yur rubbish prperly befre the ride hme.
Astrnauts almst d the same thing when they g t space. Preparatin changes with the fd type. Sme fds can be eaten in their natural frms, such as chclate cakes and fruits. Other fds require adding water, such as cheese. Of curse, an ven is prvided at the space statin t heat the fd. But there are n fridges, s space fd must be kept prperly.
● Sleeping in space
After a lng day at wrk, nthing is better than a gd night’s sleep! Just like n the earth, in space astrnauts g t bed at a certain time, then get up and prepare fr wrk again. When ging t sleep, they have t attach themselves, s they dn’t flat (漂浮) arund r hit their bdies against smething. They usually use sleeping bags lcated in small crew cabins (乘员舱). Each crew cabin is just big enugh fr ne persn. Generally, astrnauts have an eight-hur sleep each day when they finish their task.
● Ding sprts in space
Exercise is an imprtant part f every astrnaut’s daily life t prevent muscle lss (肌肉萎缩). Usually, astrnauts exercise tw hurs every day. Lifting 200 punds n the earth may be a lt f wrk. But lifting that same bject in space wuld be much easier. That means the things fr exercise need t be specially designed, s astrnauts can receive the exercise needed.
Living in space is nt just all wrk and n play. Astrnauts have fun, t. They like t lk ut the windw and play with their fd. Fun plays an imprtant rle in the quality f their life.
111．The writer starts t explain eating in space by ______.
A．telling a stryB．asking a questinC．giving an exampleD．cmparing tw facts
112．What des the underlined wrd “attach” in Paragraph 4 mean?______
A．Tie.B．Hide.C．Catch.D．Carry.
113．It is much easier fr peple ______ in space than n the earth.
A．t fall asleepB．t lift heavy thingsC．t prevent muscle lssD．t eat cld fd
114．In which part f a newspaper can we read the passage?______
A．CULTURE.B．SOCIETY.C．SCIENCE.D．HISTORY.
【答案】
111．C
112．A
113．B
114．C
【分析】
文章主要介绍了宇航员在太空中的日常生活。
111．篇章结构题。根据“If yu g camping fr mre than a week with sme friends, yu will make sure yu have plenty f fds and keep them prperly.”可知作者通过一个例子来解释在太空吃东西。故选C。
112．词义猜测题。根据“s they dn’t flat arund r hit their bdies against smething”可知为了不到处漂浮或撞倒东西，睡觉时应该把自己系在某些地方，attach意为“系上”。故选A。
113．细节理解题。根据“Lifting 200 punds n the earth may be a lt f wrk. But lifting that same bject in space wuld be much easier.”可知人们在太空中举起重物比在地球上容易得多。故选B。
114．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了宇航员在太空中的日常生活。我们能在报纸的科学栏读到这篇文章。故选C。
A1
（2021·四川眉山市·中考真题）
Gvernments arund the wrld are pushing fr an end t plastic straws (吸管) and bags. Mre and mre businesses are turning t paper prducts as a chice. Paper is cnsidered by many t be better than plastic. Hwever, it, t, is harmful t the envirnment.
Firstly, paper bags and straws are made frm trees. Trees, as yu knw, can reduce (减少) carbn dixide (二氧化碳) levels in the atmsphere. They can slw dwn climate (气候) change. An increase in the use f paper bags can cause mre acts f cutting dwn trees.
Secndly, prducts made frm paper require mre energy and water. Abut 10 percent mre energy and fur times as much water is used t prduce a paper bag than a plastic ne. Yu might say that we can use recycled paper t save that energy and water. This seems t be a gd idea. Hwever, it takes even mre energy and water t g thrugh the recycling prcess than t make a brand new paper bag. Prducts made frm recycled paper are als ften shrt-lived.
Thirdly, paper prducts are heavier than plastic nes. That means they require mre il t transprt. Seven trucks are needed t transprt tw millin paper bags, while nly ne truck is needed t transprt the same number f plastic bags. The increased weight als leads t a large amunt f waste nce the bags are thrwn away.
Paper prducts are actually a lse-lse fr bth the envirnment and businesses. They are mre expensive than plastic prducts. A paper straw csts abut 5 t 12 cents, while a plastic ne usually csts nly abut 2 cents.
The mst envirnment-friendly slutin is t avid single-use prducts altgether. Prducts like glass water bttles and steel straws can be used ver and ver again. They are much better than either paper prducts r plastic prducts. Thrugh increasing the use f these prducts, yu can greatly reduce yur thrwaway waste and truly make ur Earth a greener place!
115．What des the underlined wrd “They” in Paragraph 2 refer t?______
A．Plastic prducts.B．Trees.C．Paper prducts.D．Businesses.
116．Cmpared with transprting tw millin plastic bags, transprting tw millin paper bags requires ______.
A．fewer trucksB．six mre trucksC．twice as many trucksD．the same number f trucks
117．The writer cmpared the price f a paper straw and that f a plastic straw t shw that ______.
A．paper prducts are nt a gd chice fr businesses
B．it is difficult fr all businesses t turn t paper prducts
C．mst peple believe paper prducts are better than plastic nes
D．paper prducts are as harmful t the envirnment as plastic nes
118．By writing this article, the writer mainly wanted t ______.
① cmpare plastic prducts with paper nes
② crrect peple’s wrng ideas abut paper prducts
③ suggest peple use reusable prducts like steel straws
④ list the advantages and disadvantages f using paper prducts
A．①②B．③④C．①④D．②③
【答案】
115．B
116．B
117．A
118．D
【分析】
作者通过一些事实来证明纸制品并不是环保的，最环保的解决方案是完全避免使用一次性物品。
115．代词指代题。根据“Trees, as yu knw, can reduce carbn dixide levels in the atmsphere. They can slw dwn climate change.”可知此处讲树能减缓气候变化，“They”指代上文出现过的“trees”。故选B。
116．细节理解题。根据“Seven trucks are needed t transprt tw millin paper bags, while nly ne truck is needed t transprt the same number f plastic bags.”可知运送200万个纸袋需要7两卡车，而运送同样的塑料袋需要1辆卡车，相比之下运输200万个纸袋需要多用6辆卡车。故选B。
117．细节理解题。根据“Paper prducts are actually a lse-lse fr bth the envirnment and businesses. They are mre expensive than plastic prducts. A paper straw csts abut 5 t 12 cents, while a plastic ne usually csts nly abut 2 cents.”可知作者比较了纸质吸管和塑料吸管的价格，表明纸质产品不是企业的好选择。故选A。
118．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者主要通过一些事实来证明纸制品并不是环保的，最环保的解决方案是完全避免使用一次性物品，写这篇文章主要是为了纠正人们对纸制品的错误观念并建议人们使用可重复使用的产品，如钢吸管。故选D。
B1
（2021·浙江台州市·中考真题）
The Yuth Climate Summit (气候峰会) a week-lng festival f climate actin fr primary and middle schls in the UK, starts n 9 Nvember. It aims t create a fairer, mre envirnmental wrld and make prmises that will help the planet. Climate change is the lng-term changes in the wrld’s weather patterns that are mstly caused by human activity. “Unlike wrld leaders,” say the summit’s rganizers, “yung peple are refusing t let it drp ff the plan.”
Each day has a tpic, which includes fd and fashin, lking at hw humans harm the envirnment and hw t save the planet. Organizatins are leading sme n line activities. Fr example, the Marine Cnservatin Sciety is hsting meetings n prtecting sea fish. Separately, the envirnmental rganizatin Greenpeace is running a wrkshp n hw t turn wrn-ut clthing int smething new and wearable.
The summit will finish n 13 Nvember, when yuth ambassadrs (大使) wants schls t stp paper waste. Max, anther 16-year-ld ambassadr wants schls t rganize mre trips and activities that get students utside t experience the beauty f nature. As part f the summit, hundreds f schls acrss the cuntry are signing up t the Let’s G Zer activity, aiming t becme carbn-zer (零碳的) by 2030.
Carbn-zer schls are nes that prmise t stp emitting carbn in seven areas, including where they get their fd and hw they use water and recycle their waste. The activity is run by Ashden, a charity wrking twards climate slutins. Ashden hpes that schls will be able t help each ther by sharing ideas and methds. It is als calling n the Gvernment t back the prmise. Head ver t transfrm-ur-wrld.rg where yu can find ut mre.
119．The writer develps the first sentence in Paragraph 2 mainly by ______.
A．telling striesB．cmparing factsC．giving examplesD．listing numbers
120．Max advises schls t ______.
A．recycle and reuse ld clthes
B．prevent students frm wasting paper
C．have meetings n saving endangered sea fish
D．prvide mre chances fr students t enjy the nature
121．The underlined wrd "emitting" in Paragraph 4 is the clsest in meaning t “______”.
A．using upB．taking inC．sending utD．cutting dwn
122．The purpse f the passage is mainly t ______.
A．explain the prblems with climate change
B．develp children’s ability t slve scial prblems
C．intrduce the envirnmental rganizatins t schls
D．encurage yung peple t care mre abut climate change
【答案】
119．C
120．D
121．C
122．D
【分析】
文章主要讲了气候变化问题及各组织所举办的相关活动和发出的建议，以此来呼吁更多的年轻人关注气候变化问题。
119．细节理解题。根据“Fr example, the Marine Cnservatin Sciety is hsting meetings n prtecting sea fish. Separately, the envirnmental rganizatin Greenpeace is running a wrkshp n hw t turn wrn-ut clthing int smething new and wearable.”列举了Marine Cnservatin Sciety和Greenpeace两个组织的具体行动，表明作者是通过列举具体示例来说明第一句的。故选C。
120．细节理解题。根据“Max, anther 16-year-ld ambassadr wants schls t rganize mre trips and activities that get students utside t experience the beauty f nature.”可知Max建议学校多组织一些户外的短途旅行和活动等，以此来帮助学生体验大自然的美，故选D。
121．词义猜测题。根据“Carbn-zer schls”以及全文都提及气候变化，可推测出"零碳学校"倡导的是停止碳的“排放"。emitting与“sending ut”意思相近。故选C。
122．主旨大意题。根据文中的第一段提及的气候变化和环境问题以及后文介绍了不同组织所举办的各项活动和所发出的各项倡议，可知作者的意图是通过文章来呼吁更多的年轻人关注气候变化的问题。故选D。
C1
（2021·浙江台州市·中考真题）
If we want t grw as peple, we can’t just depend n ur wn evaluatin (评价) f hw we’re ding. We als need t knw what ther peple think abut ur perfrmance. Receiving feedback (反馈) frm thers can help us see the larger picture and shw us a way frward t success. Hwever, smene has t give that feedback, and smetimes, that smene will be yu. Hw shuld yu deal with this?
First things first—if yu ntice a situatin in which sme feedback wuld be helpful, give it as sn as yu can. If yu wait until the matter disappears frm the persn’s mind, they might nt understand what yu’re trying t tell them. Take the persn t a safe, cmfrtable place and ffer yur advice in private.
When yu’re giving feedback, it’s imprtant t keep in mind that n ne likes t be tld they’re ding a bad jb. Make sure yu give an equal (相等的) amunt f gd feedback t balance ut (平衡) anything bad. Like the saying ges, “A spnful f sugar helps the medicine g dwn.”
All gd feedback shares smething in cmmn. First, it shuld help achieve a gal. It’s less useful t tell yur friends that their dish tastes “interesting” than it is t suggest adding a little salt. Feedback shuld als lk tward the future. Yu can’t change what’s already happened, but yu can prevent it frm happening again. Tell yur friends they shuld take mre ntes in class instead f talking abut hw they shuld have studied harder fr the big histry exam they failed.
Finally, dn’t think yur suggestin is the nly crrect way t deal with a situatin. Yu might even end up with sme feedback n yur feedback. Dn’t take it persnally — it can nly help yu give better advice next time
123．What des the underlined wrd “this” in Paragraph 1 prbably mean?______
A．Seeing the picture.B．Giving feedback
C．Receiving feedback.D．Shwing a way t success
124．Why is it imprtant t give feedback in time accrding t Paragraph 2?______
A．Yu might frget t tell the persn later n.
B．Perhaps the persn wants the feedback right away.
C．Maybe the persn needs time t understand yur advice.
D．If yu wait t lng, the persn might frget what’s happened.
125．What can we infer (推断) frm the underlined saying in Paragraph 3?______
A．It’s helpful t keep n giving bad feedback.
B．It’s difficult t d a gd jb all the time.
C．It’s better t balance gd and bad feedback.
D．It’s imprtant t think twice befre giving feedback.
126．The passage is mainly abut ______.
A．what characters gd feedback includes
B．hw peple shuld give feedback prperly
C．the differences between gd and bad feedback
D．the imprtance f giving and receiving feedback
【答案】
123．B
124．D
125．C
126．B
【分析】
文章主要讲人们应该如何恰当地给予反馈。
123．代词指代题。根据“Hwever, smene has t give that feedback, and smetimes, that smene will be yu. Hw shuld yu deal with this?”可知此处问该如何处理反馈，this指代上文中出现过的“feedback”。故选B。
124．细节理解题。根据“First things first—if yu ntice a situatin in which sme feedback wuld be helpful, give it as sn as yu can. If yu wait until the matter disappears frm the persn’s mind, they might nt understand what yu’re trying t tell them.”可知及时给予反馈很重要是因为如果你等得太久，对方可能会忘记发生了什么。故选D。
125．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句提及没有人喜欢被告知自己做的不好。第二句中又提到“Make sure yu give an equal amunt f gd feedback t balance ut anything bad.”可知，在给出反馈的时候需要平衡好的反馈和坏的反馈。故选C。
126．主旨大意题。根据文章的结构，第一段总起人的成长不仅仅需要自我的评价，还要接受他人的反馈，更要懂得如何给予他人反馈。后文第二段讲反馈要及时；第三段讲述平衡好的和不好的反馈等都是在叙述如何合适的给予反馈。故选B。
D1
（2021·天津中考真题）
There are many deserts (沙漠) n the earth. And the fllwing are sme facts yu may find interesting.
What are deserts like?
Deserts can be ht and dry places. Rain may nt fall there fr mnths r years. Sme deserts are sandy and stny (多石的). Deserts can als be very windy places. The wind can change the shape f the deserts. It mves sand arund frm place t place.
Temperatures in the desert can vary enrmusly(非常). During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40℃ even in the shade (阴凉处). At night, deserts can becme very cld. In winter there may even be a frst (霜冻) in the early mrning.
Living in the desert
The camel is smetimes called “the ship f the desert”. It stres fd in its hump (驼峰) and can g fr days withut water. It has large feet which help it nt t fall int the sft sand. Its lng eyelashes (睫毛) keep ut the sand during sandstrms.
An asis is an area f the desert where water may be fund. The water may be in pls r under the grund. Peple and animals visit an asis fr water and fd. Plants grw at an asis. Sme farmers are able t grw crps here.
The Arabian Desert
The Arabian Desert lies between the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. In sme parts f the desert, it is t ht fr peple t live. Oil was discvered under parts f the desert and in the Arabian Gulf. This il has made sme cuntries in the area very rich. Much f the mney has been spent building fine cities with lvely parks and lakes, and peple live a cmfrtable life there.
127．Which f the fllwing can best describe deserts?______
A．Ht and dry.B．Sandy and rainy.C．Wet and stny.D．Windy and snwy.
128．The wrd “vary” in the passage means “______”.
A．be lwB．be highC．be similarD．be different
129．The camel has lng eyelashes t ______.
A．stay cl in desertsB．g fr days withut water
C．help it nt t fall int the sft sandD．keep ut the sand during sandstrms
130．Accrding t the passage, peple and animals visit an asis fr ______.
A．frst and crpsB．sand and stnesC．water and fdD．mney and il
131．What is the best title f the passage?______
A．What is the weather like in deserts?B．What d yu knw abut deserts?
C．Hw d peple live in deserts?D．Where is the Arabian Desert?
【答案】
127．A
128．D
129．D
130．C
131．B
【分析】
文中主要介绍了一些关于沙漠的常识。
127．细节理解题。根据“Deserts can be ht and dry places.”可知，沙漠又热又干。故选A。
128．词义猜测题。根据“During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40℃ even in the shade. At night, deserts can becme very cld.”可知，沙漠中温度变化很大。vary意为“变化”。故选D。
129．细节理解题。根据“Its lng eyelashes keep ut the sand during sandstrms.”可知，骆驼的长睫毛是为了在沙尘暴来袭时挡住沙子。故选D。
130．细节理解题。根据“Peple and animals visit an asis fr water and fd.”可知，人和动物到绿洲是为了水和食物。故选C。
131．标题归纳题。文中主要介绍了一些关于沙漠的常识，以“What d yu knw abut deserts?”做标题最合适。故选B。
E1
（2021·四川达州市·中考真题）
With her eyes feeling increasingly tired and her visin blurry (视力模糊的), 16-year-ld Tian Ting went t the hspital with her parents in January. She was shcked when she fund ut that her eyesight drpped frm 5.0 t 4.6 in nly a term. “A few f my friends have had the same experience lately,” Tian said.
In fact, pr eyesight amng Chinese primary and high schl students rse frm 59.2 percent t 70.6 percent in the first six mnths f 2020, accrding t the Ministry f Educatin.
T prtect students’ eyesight, the Chinese gvernment has wrked ut new requirements (要求) fr schl supplies (供应品) and equipments that will take effect (生效) n March 1, 2022. Fr example, accrding t the requirements, the size f text in students’ textbks shuld be n smaller than nine-pint. Teachers shuld als try nt t use prjectrs (投影仪) r ther multimedia equipments (多媒体设备) that are t bright, Beijing Daily reprted. There are als requirements fr desks and classrm lights. Fr example, these lights shuld give ff (散发) as little blue light as pssible.
Blue light is bad fr ur eyes, as it can kill the phtreceptr cells (光感器细胞) we need fr visin, accrding t Harvard Medical Schl. Many f the electrnic devices we use every day, like ur phnes and cmputer screens, give ff blue light.
Chinese gvernment has als taken ther steps t prtect students’ eyesight in China. In May 2020, the Natinal Health Cmmissin urged schls t make sure that students have at least tw hurs f utdr activity a day.
132．In the first half f 2020, there were ______ f students becming shrt-sighted.
A．0.4 %B．11.4 %C．59.2 %D．70.6 %
133．The writer prbably agrees that ______.
A．schls use textbks with the smaller size f text
B．teachers use ver-bright multimedia equipments
C．students are made sure t have fewer than tw hurs f utdr activity a day
D．schls use lights that give ff less blue light
134．What’s the best title f the passage?______
A．Hw t prtect us frm illness.B．Hw t have utdr activity.
C．Hw t use electrnic devices.D．Hw t prtect students’ eyesight.
【答案】
132．D
133．D
134．D
【分析】
根据教育部的数据，在2020年上半年中，中国中小学生视力问题的人数从59.2%上升到了70.6%，为了保护学生的视力，中国政府对学习用品和设备制定了新的要求，将于2022年3月1日生效。
132．细节理解题。根据“In fact, pr eyesight amng Chinese primary and high schl students rse frm 59.2 percent t 70.6 percent in the first six mnths f 2020, accrding t the Ministry f Educatin.”可知在2020年上半年，有70.6%的学生患有近视。故选D。
133．观点态度题。根据“There are als requirements fr desks and classrm lights. Fr example, these lights shuld give ff as little blue light as pssible.”可知作者可能会同意学校使用蓝光较少的灯。故选D。
134．标题归纳题。文章主要讲中国中小学生有视力问题的人数上升极快，为保护学生视力，中国政府对学习用品和设备制定了新的要求。用“Hw t prtect students’ eyesight.”做标题最合适。故选D。
F1
（2021·浙江宁波市·中考真题）
Have yu ever entered a trpical rainfrest(热带雨林)? Rainfrests make up nly a small part f the Earth’s surface, abut six percent, but there are mre kinds f trees than any ther area in the whle wrld.
Trpical rainfrests are in Africa, Asia, Central and Suth America, Australia, and n the Pacific islands. The largest trpical rainfrest is the Amazn (亚马逊)Rainfrest in Suth America, which cvers 1. 2 billin acres, r almst five millin square kilmetres. The secnd largest rainfrest is in Western Africa.
Rainfrests prvide us with many things. In fact, the Amazn Rainfrest is the “lungs f ur planet” because it prduces 20%f the wrld’s xygen (氧气). One fifth f the wrld’s fresh water is als fund in the Amazn Rainfrest. Furthermre, ne half f the wrld’s species f animals, plants and insects live in the Earth’s rainfrests. 80% f the fd we eat first grew in the rainfrest. 25%f the drugs we take when we are sick are made f plants that grw nly in rainfrests. Sme f these drugs are even used t fight and cure cancer.
There are fur different levels f trees in a rainfrest. The frest flr is the lwest layer full f animal life and receives the least amunt f light. The under strey is the dark, cl envirnment under the leaves but ver the grund. The canpy layer is the upper parts f mst f the trees. The emergent layer cntains a small number f very tall trees.
These different parts f a rainfrest exist tgether t create an ecsystem fr many animals, plants and human beings.
135．This passage is mainly abut ______.
A．kinds f frestB．where rainfrests are
C．facts abut rainfrestsD．hw much xygen rainfrests make
136．The Amazn Rainfrest prvides us with ______ percent f the wrld’s xygen.
A．twentyB．twenty-fiveC．fiftyD．eighty
137．Where can we prbably find a trpical rainfrest accrding t the passage?______
A．In France.B．In China.C．In Canada.D．In Britain.
138．Which is the right picture t shw fur different levels f trees in a rainfrest?______
A．B．C．D．
【答案】
135．C
136．A
137．B
138．D
【分析】
本文主要介绍热带雨林的一切情况，包括最大的热带雨林，雨林的用途以及热带雨林的分层。
135．主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了热带雨林的一些情况，故选C。
136．细节理解题。根据第三段“the Amazn Rainfrest is the “lungs f ur planet” because it prduces 20%f the wrld’s xygen.”可知，亚马逊雨林为我们提供了世界上20%的氧气，故选A。
137．推理判断题。根据第二段“Trpical rainfrests are in Africa, Asia, Central and Suth America, Australia, and n the Pacific islands.”可知，热带雨林分布在非洲、亚洲、中南美洲、澳大利亚和太平洋岛屿上，中国属于亚洲，所以我们可能在中国能找到热带雨林，故选B。
138．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“There are fur different levels f trees in a rainfrest. The frest flr is the lwest layer…The under strey is the dark, cl envirnment…The canpy layer is the upper parts f mst f the trees. The emergent layer cntains a small number f very tall trees.”可知，雨林中有四种不同层次的树木。地面层是充满动物生命的最低层，接收的光线最少，灌木层是树叶下面的阴暗凉爽的环境，但是在地面上，树冠层是大部分树木的顶部，露生层包含了一小部分高大的树木。根据图示，故选D。
G1
（2021·江苏苏州市·中考真题）
On the bttm f mst plastic packaging（包装）, there’s a small triangle （三角）with a letter r a number written inside. These little symbls are nt easy t be nticed, but are really imprtant. They tell yu what kind f plastic it is and whether it can be recycled r nt.
139．Which is a strnger type f plastic?______
A．PETB．HDPEC．LDPED．PS
140．Which f the fllwing uses PET plastic?______
A．Milk bttles.B．Ht drink white cups.
C．Drinking water bttles.D．Takeaway fd packaging.
141．What is the purpse f this article?______
A．T intrduce types f plastic.B．T display reusable items.
C．T explain recycling methds.D．T recmmend shpping bags.
【答案】
139．B
140．C
141．A
【分析】
文章介绍了几种不同类型的塑料，包括它们常被用于制作什么以及是否可以回收利用等。
139．细节理解题。根据“HDPE is a strnger type f plastic.”可知，HDPE是一种强度更大的塑料，故选B。
140．细节理解题。根据“Pet This is the plastic that yu ften see n supermarket shelves! It’s used t make plastic water bttles and biscuit bxes.”可知，Pet类的塑料被用来制作塑料水瓶和饼干盒。故选C。
141．主旨大意题。根据“They tell yu what kind f plastic it is and whether it can be recycled r nt.”以及下文的介绍可知，文章主要是介绍几种塑料的类型，故选A。
H1
（2021·江苏苏州市·中考真题）
Chinese is mainly divided int 13 dialects（方言）and these dialects can be further divided int many kinds f lcal dialects. Putnghua (r Mandarin) the predminant dialect, is spken by ver 70% f the ppulatin and is ne f the 6 fficial languages f the United Natins. Within these large dialect grups, there are small grups, many f which are difficult t understand. In Fujian, fr example, peple living 10 kilmetres away frm ne anther can be speaking different Min dialects.
Putnghua. It is the mther dialect f Chinese living in nrthern China and Sichuan Prvince. It is called Guyu in sme parts f China, like Hng Kng, Maca（澳门）and Taiwan. It is knwn in English as Mandarin Chinese, r Standard Chinese.
Wu. Spken in Shanghai, mst f Zhejiang and the suthern parts f Jiangsu and Anhui. Wu is made up f hundreds f different f spken frms.
Hakka/Kejia. Hakka is widely spken in Fujian, Taiwan, and sme cuntries in Sutheast Asia.
Min. It is spken in Fujian, Taiwan, and Sutheast Asia. Min grup is the mst diverse（多样的）, with many different spken frms used in neighburing cuntries.
Yue. It is spken in Guangdng, Hng Kng, Maca, Taiwan, all ver Sutheast Asia and by many Chinese living abrad.
142．What des the underlined wrd “predminant” mean?______
A．Mre beautiful.B．Mre special.C．Mre interesting.D．Mre cmmn.
143．What d yu knw abut Putnghua after reading this passage?______
A．It is used by a small grup f peple in China.
B．It is spken nly by peple in Mainland China.
C．It is included in the fficial languages f the United Natins.
D．It is the mther dialect f peple living in suthern China.
144．Based n he passage, which f the fllwing is true?______
A．Mst peple in Anhui speak Kejia.B．Wu is the lcal dialect f Shanghai.
C．Yue has the mst different spken frms.D．Mst peple in Hng Kng speak Min.
【答案】
142．D
143．C
144．B
【分析】
本文主要介绍了中国的不同方言。
142．词义猜测题。根据“is spken by ver 70% f the ppulatin and is ne f the 6 fficial languages f the United Natins”可知，70%以上的人口说普通话，普通话还是联合国六种官方语言之一，可以猜测“predminant”的意思是“更普遍的，更常见的”。故选D。
143．细节理解题。根据“Putnghua (r Mandarin) the predminant dialect, is spken by ver 70% f the ppulatin and is ne f the 6 fficial languages f the United Natins.”可知，普通话是联合国六种官方语言之一。故选C。
144．推理判断题。根据“Wu. Spken in Shanghai, mst f Zhejiang and the suthern parts f Jiangsu and Anhui.”可知，吴语是上海的方言，B选项表述正确。故选B。
I1
（2021·江苏苏州市·中考真题）
Everybdy has a brain, but nt many peple knw hw the brain wrks. Sme peple believe that the brain is like the hard disk f a cmputer. We use it t stre files—pictures, language (wrds, texts, sunds) and s n. Others cmpare the brain t a huge cupbard with lts f shelves and bxes in it. We put infrmatin int these bxes and hpe t find it again later.
The brain is nt A cmputer disk, And it isn’t a cupbard. Lk at the picture here. It lks a bit like weeds（杂草）in a garden, desn’t it? The picture actually shws a child’s necrtex—a part f the brain that cntrls sight and hearing. Yu can guess what happens—mre “weeds” grw as the child gets lder. Scientists call these neurnal（神经元的）netwrks. The netwrks grw arund ur neurns. -What makes them grw? Learning! “Learning is brain change,” says Prfessr James Zull frm Case Western University in Cleveland, Ohi, USA．“Withut learning, nthing changes in the brain. Fr every new wrd yu learn in yur English lessn, every prblem yu slve in maths, every new sng yu learn t sing, a neurnal netwrk grws in yur brain and the brain changes.”
The mre neurnal netwrks we grw, the better we can think and the better we remember. Yu may wnder if there is anything yu can d t make the netwrks in yur brain grw better. Prfessr Zull says yes, there is. He says that brain change is strngest when a) yu are interested in and like what yu are learning, b) yu are in cntrl f what yu learn and c) yu get challenging tasks that make yu think hard. Understanding a challenging task makes yu feel gd and develps yur brain.
145．What’s the main idea f the first paragraph?______
A．The brain—a fantastic cmputer.B．What peple believe abut the brain.
C．Hw t make yur brain strnger.D．Our brain—a grwing system.
146．What can we learn frm the passage 2?______
A．Learning makes ur neurnal netwrks grw.
B．Seeing a challenging task develps ur brain.
C．We remember better when things are easy.
D．There’s nthing we can d t make us smarter.
147．What’s the best title fr the passage?______
A．Interest is the best teacherB．Meeting life’s challenges
C．Never t late t learnD．Learning is brain change
【答案】
145．B
146．A
147．D
【分析】
文章介绍了大脑的工作原理以及如何使大脑成长的方法。
145．主旨大意题。根据“Everybdy has a brain, but nt many peple knw hw the brain wrks.”以及整段的描述可知，第一段主要是介绍人们对大脑的看法，故选B。
146．细节理解题。根据“Learning is brain neurnal netwrk grws in yur brain and the brain changes.”可知，学习使我们的神经元网络成长。故选A。
147．最佳标题题。根据整个文章的理解可知，文章主要是介绍大脑的工作原理以及使大脑成长的方法——学习，故选D。
J1
（2021·四川德阳市·中考真题）
As Internet users becme mre dependent n the Internet t stre infrmatin, d peple remember less? If yu knw yur cmputer will stre infrmatin, why d yu stre it in yur wn persnal memry, yur brain? Experts are wndering if the Internet is changing what we remember and hw.
In a recent study, Prfessr Betsy Sparrw made sme experiments(实验). She and her research team wanted t knw hw the Internet is changing memry.
In the first experiment, they asked tw grups f peple t put 40 unimprtant facts int a cmputer. The first grup f peple understd that the cmputer wuld stre the infrmatin. The secnd grup understd that the cmputer wuld nt stre it. Later, the secnd grup remembered the infrmatin better. Peple in the first grup knew they culd find the infrmatin again, s they did nt try t remember it.
In the secnd experiment, the researchers gave peple facts t remember, and tld them where t find the infrmatin n the Internet. The infrmatin was in an exact cmputer flder(文件夹). Surprisingly, peple later remember where the flder is better than the facts. When peple use the Internet, they d nt remember the infrmatin. Hwever, they remember hw t find it. This is called “transitive memry (交互记忆)”.
Accrding t Sparrw, we are nt becming peple with pr memries as a result f the Internet. Instead, cmputer users are develping strnger transitive memries; that is, peple are learning hw t rganize a lt f infrmatin s that they are able t get it at a later date. This desn’t mean we are becming either mre r less clever, but there is n dubt that the way we use memry is changing.
148．Why des the writer begin the text with tw questins?______
A．T explain sme thughts.B．T intrduce the main tpic.
C．T shw an pinin.D．T draw the readers’ attentin.
149．What can we learn frm the first experiment?______
A．Sparrw put the infrmatin int the cmputer.
B．Bth grups remember the infrmatin well.
C．Grup 1 remembered the infrmatin faster.
D．Grup 2 remembered the infrmatin better.
150．What d we knw abut transitive memry frm the secnd experiment?______
A．Peple rganize the infrmatin like a cmputer.
B．Peple remember hw t find the infrmatin.
C．Peple remember hw t make a flder.
D．Peple keep the infrmatin in mind.
151．What’s Prfessr Betsy Sparrw’s cnclusin(结论)?______
A．Peple becme mre and mre clever.
B．The way peple use memry is changing.
C．The way peple make experiments is changing.
D．Peple’s memries becme prer than befre.
【答案】
148．B
149．D
150．B
151．B
【分析】
本文通过研究来寻找互联网是如何改变我们的记忆，事实证明，人们并没有因为互联网而变成记忆力差的人。相反，电脑用户正在发展更强的交叉记忆。这意味着我们使用记忆的方式正在发生变化。
148．推理判断题。根据“Experts are wndering if the Internet is changing what we remember and hw”可知，通过这两个问题，来引出本文的主题，专家通过研究来寻找互联网是如何改变我们的记忆，故选B。
149．细节理解题。根据“Later, the secnd grup remembered the infrmatin better.”可知，从第一个实验我们可以得知，第二组的人更好地记住了所给的信息，故选D。
150．细节理解题。根据“Hwever, they remember hw t find it. This is called “transitive memry (交互记忆)””可知，从第二个实验中，我们得知“交叉记忆”就是人们记得如何找到它，故选B。
151．细节理解题。根据“This desn’t mean we are becming either mre r less clever, but there is n dubt that the way we use memry is changing”可知，结论就是人们用记忆的方式正在发生改变，故选B。
K1
（2021·江西中考真题）
Tday, by carefully chsing dg parents, humans have created many different kinds f dg. Each kind has its wn lk and talents and its wn rle within human sciety. Here are three examples f “a dg’s life” in the human wrld.
Tday, many hspitals let specially trained dgs in t bring lve and cheer t patients. Shaynee is a therapy（治疗）dg. She visits children wh are in hspital. Dgs like Shaynee help patients feel calm and at peace which can be hard in a busy hspital. They help bth children and adults stay strng during lng hspital stays, and, sme suggest, even help them get better.
Tday sme beagles（小猎犬）wrk in airprts fr the gvernment. They are part f the prgram called the Beagle Brigade. A beagle is gd fr the wrk because f its pwerful nse, and ability t fllw smells. The Beagle Brigade’s jb is t smell everything that cmes int the cuntry. They make fficers ntice illegal（非法的）fruits, vegetables, and ther fds in luggage r in mail. The beagles d the jb far better than any human culd.
While sme dgs are wrking hard, thers are free t spend their days resting and playing. Acrss the wrld, many pet dgs are treated like children. Many have their wn rms and all the things a dg culd want. Sme even have their wn clthes. Many f these pets spend their days playing, learning t fllw r even ging t classes. Their wners give them the best, and enjy ding s.
Whether as wrkers r bjects f affectin（钟情）dgs have becme helpful t humans in many ways. There are plenty f advantages fr the dg, t. Many kinds f wild dgs have nearly disappeared frm the Earth. Hwever, the dmestic dg’s special place as “man’s best friend” has allwed it t survive （存活）in a human wrld.
152．What is the main idea f Paragraph 2?______
A．Hspitals need many special dgs.B．Dgs can take care f patients.
C．Patients need lve in the hspital.D．Dctrs are t busy t see patients.
153．What des the underlined wrd “dmestic” in Paragraph 5 mean?______
A．Trained.B．Smart.C．Hungry.D．Valuable.
154．What’s the purpse f the passage?______
A．T ask peple t treat dgs as their wn children.
B．T explain why humans need beagles in their wrk.
C．T tell peple abut the histry f dgs’ develpment.
D．T shw a gd relatinship between dgs and humans.
155．Which f the fllwing best shws the structure f the passage?______
A．B．C．D．
【答案】
152．B
153．A
154．D
155．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍人类世界中“狗的生活”的三个例子，向我们展示狗和人之间的良好关系。
152．段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍专门训练的狗可以给病人带来爱和欢乐，故选B。
153．词义猜测题。分析“Many kinds f wild dgs have nearly disappeared frm the Earth. Hwever, the dmestic dg’s special place as ‘man’s best friend’ has allwed it t survive （存活）in a human wrld.”可知，许多种类的野狗几乎已经从地球上消失了，然而驯养的狗作为“人类最好的朋友”的特殊地位使它能够在人类世界中生存下来。此处dmestic的意思是“驯养的”，故选A。
154．主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，本文介绍人类世界中“狗的生活”的三个例子，向我们展示狗和人之间的良好关系。故选D。
155．篇章结构题。第一段总领全文，第二、三、四段介绍三种不同类型的狗在我们生活中的例子，第五段总结。故选C。
L1
（2021·江西中考真题）
Eight hundred years ag, a man in suthern Turkey invented an amazing clck. It was mre than 7 meters high. At its base（基座）was a life-size mdel elephant. Every half hur, smething amazing happened. The whle clck came alive: Mdel birds, dragns, and peple started t mve.
The clck’s inventr was an engineer named al-Jazari. He lived in Turkey. Al-Jazari was prbably ne f the greatest engineers in histry. Sme histrians call him “the father f mdern-day engineering.”
We knw abut al-Jazari mstly frm a bk that he wrte. ________ They include clcks and hand-washing machines. The bk als has drawings that shw hw each machine wrks.
Many everyday things tday-frm tys t car engines（发动机）-still use al-Jazari’s ideas. Withut his machines with mving parts, we might nt have mdern-day rbts.
Tday, it is still pssible t see what al-Jazari’s elephant cck lked like. A full-size wrking mdel is in Dubai’s Ibn Battuta Mall. There, every half hur, al-Jazari’s mst amazing inventin cmes t life nce again.
Hw Des the Elephant Clck Wrk?
A bwl with a small hle flats（浮）in a water tank（水箱）inside the elephant’s bdy. As the bwl slwly sinks（下沉）, it pulls a rpe that mves a human figure. His mving pen shws the number f minutes past the hur.
Every half hur, the water bwl becmes full and sinks cmpletely. This causes a ball t fall frm the tp f the clck. The mvement f the ball causes a phenix t mve and make a sund.
The ball then drps ut f a falcn’s muth int the muth f a Chinese dragn. The weight f the ball causes the dragn’s head t mve dwn and the dragn’s tail pulls the water bwl back up.
Finally, the ball drps ut f the dragn’s muth and int a vase. As the ball lands in the vase, the elephant driver mves and makes a sund. The cycle begins again until there are n mre ball in the tp f the clck.
156．Why is al-Jazari called “the father f mdern-day engineering”?______
A．His ideas are still widely used in machines.
B．The elephant clck is an amazing inventin.
C．His inventins include sme parts f mdern rbts.
D．His bk abut machines is still ppular with readers.
157．Chse the best sentence t fill in the blank “______” in Paragraph 3.
A．He became famus when he was a yung man.
B．He invented a lt f everyday machines in histry.
C．It describes a number f machines f all shapes and sizes.
D．Peple in Turkey enjy reading his bks in their free time.
158．What des the underlined wrd “This” in Paragraph 7 refer t?______
A．The pen mves.B．The all drps.
C．The bwl sinks cmpletely.D．The bwl pulls the rpe.
159．Hw des the elephant clck wrk? Put the steps in the crrect rder. ______
a. The ball drps int the vase.
b. The ball drps int the dragn’s muth.
c. The elephant driver mves and makes a sund.
d. After 30 minutes, a ball starts t fall frm the tp.
e. The bwl mves dwn in the water and pulls n rpes.
A．b-d-a-c-eB．e-d-b-a-cC．a-e-b-d-cD．c-a-d-e-b
【答案】
156．A
157．C
158．C
159．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍一个神奇的时钟。
156．推理判断题。根据“Al-Jazari was prbably ne f the greatest engineers in histry. Sme histrians call him ‘the father f mdern-day engineering.’”可知，Al-Jazari可能是历史上最伟大的工程师之一，一些历史学家称他为“现代工程学之父”。选项A“他的思想仍被广泛应用于机器”符合，故选A。
157．推理判断题。分析“They include clcks and hand-washing machines. The bk als has drawings that shw hw each machine wrks.”可知，这本书包括钟表和手洗衣机，也有展示每台机器如何工作的图纸。选项C“它描述了许多各种形状和大小的机器”符合语境，故选C。
158．推理判断题。根据“Every half hur, the water bwl becmes full and sinks cmpletely. This causes a ball t fall frm the tp f the clck.”可知，每半个小时，水碗就会装满，并完全下沉，这导致一个球从时钟的顶部掉下来。此处this指的是“碗完全下沉”，故选C。
159．细节理解题。根据“A bwl with a small hle flats（浮）in a water tank（水箱）inside the elephant’s bdy. As the bwl slwly sinks（下沉）, it pulls a rpe that mves a human figure.”，“Every half hur, the water bwl becmes full and sinks cmpletely.”，“The ball then drps ut f a falcn’s muth int the muth f a Chinese dragn.”，“Finally, the ball drps ut f the dragn’s muth and int a vase.”和“As the ball lands in the vase, the elephant driver mves and makes a sund.”可知，正确的顺序是e-d-b-a-c，故选B。
M1
（2021·江西中考真题）
Many scientists nce believed that physical similarities between identical twins are genetic（基因的）, while their persnalities, intelligence and ther differences between them are an effect f their envirnment. Nw scientists are discvering that the bundaries（界限）between genes and envirnment are nt s clear.
Twins Jim Springer and Jim Lewis were adpted（领养）as babies and raised by different cuples. When the Jims finally met at age 39, they discvered they had plenty in cmmn. Bth were six feet tall, 180 punds. They had the same smile and the same vice. When scientist Thmas Buchard Jr. invited the Jim twins t his lab, peple there fund it very hard t tell them apart.
But the similarities didn’t stp at the physical. They’d bth had dgs named Ty. They had bth married wmen named Linda and then their marriage brke up. They’d bth been plicemen, enjyed music, and left lve ntes arund the huse fr their wives. They had s much in cmmn, it seemed unlikely these were just cincidences （巧合）.
The Jim twins were just ne f 137 sets f separated twins. Buchard tested. When they cmpared the twins’ IQ scres, Buchard and his team reached a surprising cnclusin（结论）. They cncluded that intelligence was mstly cnnected t genes rather than t training r educatin. It seemed the differences in family and envirnment had little effect.
Hwever, genes can’t cntrl everything, argues geneticist Danielle Reed, wh als studies twins. Reed’s research shws that thugh nthing can truly change ur DNA, envirnmental differences that a child experiences befre birth and in their first year can smetimes affect the way the DNA behaves, making even identical twins int very different peple. “What I like t say is that Mther Nature writes sme things in pencil and sme things in pen,” She explains. “Things written in pen yu can’t change. That’s DNA．But things written in pencil yu can.”
160．Hw many physical similarities between the Jim twins are mentined?______
A．2.B．3.C．4.D．5.
161．What did Buchard’s study find abut the twins?______
A．Each seemed t be as tall as their twin.
B．Each had the same hbby as their twin.
C．Each had almst the same ability as their twin.
D．Each had abut the same IQ level as their twin.
162．What is Reed’s pinin abut genes and envirnment?______
A．Only DNA has an effect n ur develpment.
B．Envirnment culd pssibly change sme things abut us.
C．There are n bundaries between genes and envirnment.
D．Envirnmental differences can smetimes change ur DNA．
163．What is the passage mainly abut?______
A．The way the DNA behaves.
B．The similarities between the Jim twins.
C．The cnnectin between intelligence and families.
D．The effects f genes n persnality and intelligence.
【答案】
160．C
161．D
162．B
163．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，过去科学家认为身体相似性是由基因决定的，而他们之间的性格、智力和其他差异则受他们所处环境的影响。但是现在，科学家们发现基因和环境之间的界限并不那么清晰。介绍了基因对人格和智力的影响。
160．细节理解题。根据“Bth were six feet tall, 180 punds. They had the same smile and the same vice.”可知，两人身高都是六英尺，体重一百八十磅，有着同样的笑容和同样的声音。提及二人四处身体上的相似之处，故选C。
161．推理判断题。根据“When they cmpared the twins’ IQ scres, Buchard and his team reached a surprising cnclusin（结论）. They cncluded that intelligence was mstly cnnected t genes rather than t training r educatin.”可知，当他们比较双胞胎的智商分数时，Buchard和他的团队得出了一个令人惊讶的结论：智力在很大程度上与基因有关，而不是与训练或教育有关。所以他们的智商水平和他们的双胞胎差不多，故选D。
162．细节理解题。根据“Reed’s research shws that thugh nthing can truly change ur DNA, envirnmental differences that a child experiences befre birth and in their first year can smetimes affect the way the DNA behaves, making even identical twins int very different peple.”可知，里德的研究表明，虽然没有什么能真正改变我们的DNA，但孩子在出生前和一岁时所经历的环境差异有时会影响DNA的行为方式，甚至使同卵双胞胎成为非常不同的人。所以环境可能会改变我们的一些事情，故选B。
163．主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，通过研究结果说明基因对人格和智力的影响。故选D。
N1
（2021·浙江杭州市·中考真题）
Flamenc is very ppular in suthern Spain. It begins with guitar music and clapping（击掌）and then dancers jin the perfrmance. Smetimes a wman dances alne and smetimes she dances with a man. The wman always wears a lng, clrful dress. She mves her arms and hands slwly but her feet mve in fast difficult steps. The man ften wears black. Bth dancers click their shes n the flr when they dance arund each ther.
Cssack dances are frm Russia and Ukraine. They are very energetic-sme are mre like gymnastics than dancing! Dancers have t be very fit because they jump very high and kick their legs up and dwn. They ften jump ver swrds（剑）. The mvements are similar t traditinal Cssack activities, fr example, swrd fighting and getting n and ff hrses.
Limb dancing is first frm West Africa but tday it is an imprtant part f celebratins in the Caribbean. Yung peple have t dance under a ple（杆）. The ple is ften n fire and the dancer mustn’t tuch it! After a successful “limb”, they put the ple lwer and d it again. Sme dancers can dance under a ple just twenty centimeters ff the grund!
Mask（面具）dances are imprtant fr the Dgn peple in Mali. Each village makes different masks. They are ften huge and clrful. There are masks f peple, mnsters r lcal animals like crcdiles and mnkeys. Mask dancers are always men and they dance t the sund f drums fr hurs after the death f a persn in the village. Tday, Dgn villagers als perfrm the dances fr turists.
164．What d we knw abut flamenc dancing?______
A．Dancers begin perfrming befre the guitar music starts.
B．A wman dancer ften wears a lng black dress.
C．A wman dancer mves her hands and feet at different speeds.
D．Dancers clap ludly while mving arund each ther.
165．What des the underlined wrd “gymnastics” in Paragraph 2 refer t?______
A．A play.B．A sprt.C．A celebratin.D．A shw.
166．Which f the fllwing is limb dancing?______
A．B．
C．D．
167．What is the best title fr the text?______
A．Dance Jumps and MvesB．Dances fr Different Ages
C．Dance Music and ClthingD．Dances frm Arund the Wrld
【答案】
164．C
165．B
166．A
167．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍了几种类型的舞蹈。
164．细节理解题。根据“She mves her arms and hands slwly but her feet mve in fast difficult steps.”可知，她的胳膊和手移动缓慢，但她的脚在进行快速并且很难做的步伐。故选C。
165．词义猜测题。分析“They are very energetic-sme are mre like gymnastics than dancing!”可知，它们非常有活力——有些更像体操而不是舞蹈！此处gymnastics的意思是“体操”，体操属于运动，故选B。
166．推理判断题。根据“Limb dancing is first frm West Africa but tday it is an imprtant part f celebratins in the Caribbean. Yung peple have t dance under a ple（杆）.”可知，“林波舞”要在着火的杆子下跳舞，结合图片，故选A。
167．最佳标题题。本文主要向我们介绍了几种类型的舞蹈，选项D“来自世界各地的舞蹈”符合主题，故选D。
O1
（2021·浙江杭州市·中考真题）
When d children start t talk? If yu ask a grup f parents when this happened, mst will say “arund twelve mnths f age”. They will prbably even remember what the children said. Many parents keep a diary f their child’s “first wrds”
We can never predict what a first wrd is ging t be. Often it’s the name fr “mummy” r “daddy”, but it culd just as easily be the wrd fr an animal r a favrite ty. Everything depends n what has mst caught the child’s attentin. But ne thing is certain: after the first wrd, thers cme quickly. By 18 mnths, mst children have learned abut 50 wrds. By tw, the ttal has risen t arund 200.
Early wrds are actually ne-wrd sentences. One f the first features（特征）f language a child learns well is t cntrl the rise and fall f the vice t make the difference between stating and questining. In English, daddy with a high rising tne（声调）means “is that daddy?” Daddy with a high falling tne means “There’s daddy”. Of curse, nly very basic meanings can be cmmunicated using tnes alne. S it sn becmes necessary t learn sme grammar.
In English, grammar means learning t put wrds in different rders. Children have t see that mummy push is different frm push mummy. They start practising such changes at arund 18 mnths. By tw, they have learned the basic patterns f wrd rder, and we hear them saying such things as man kick ball and where daddy g.
What are the parents ding all his time? They’re acting as teachers and they always have an active rle t play in their child’s language learning.
168．Hw ld are mst children when they have learned abut 50 wrds?______
A．Abut 6 mnths ld.B．Abut ne year ld.
C．Abut 18 mnths ld.D．Abut tw years]ld.
169．Which might an English child say first when learning t talk?______
A．Mummy.B．Push mummy.C．Man kick ball.D．Where daddy g.
170．What’s Paragraph 4 mainly abut?______
A．Wrd rder.B．Wrd tnes.C．The first wrds.D．Crrecting wrds.
171．Wh is mst respnsible fr a child’s early language learning?______
A．Teachers.B．Parents.C．Friends.D．Grandparents.
【答案】
168．C
169．A
170．A
171．B
【分析】
本文介绍了孩子什么时候开始学习语言，孩子在学习语言时父母的作用。
168．细节理解题。根据“By 18 mnths, mst children have learned abut 50 wrds.”可知，到18个月时，大多数孩子已经学会了50个单词。故选C。
169．细节理解题。根据“Often it’s the name fr “mummy” r “daddy”, ….”可知，“妈妈”可能是一个孩子在学习说话时首先要说的。故选A。
170．主旨大意题。根据“In English, grammar means learning t put wrds in different rders.”及本段的介绍可知，本段介绍了语法规则也就是语序的问题。故选A。
171．细节理解题。根据“What are the parents ding all his time? They’re acting as teachers and they always have an active rle t play in their child’s language learning.”可知，父母是孩子的第一任老师，并且在孩子学习语言方面充当一个积极的角色，所以父母对孩子的早期语言学习负责。故选B。
P1
（2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题）
Is it pssible t have a diet（日常饮食）that’s bth healthy and friendly t ur planet? Here are answers t yur ec-friendly fd questins.
Des what I eat influence climate（气候）change?
Yes. The wrld’s fd system is respnsible fr（为……负责）abut ne quarter f the planet—warming greenhuse gases that humans prduce each year. That includes raising and harvesting all the plants, animals, and animal prducts we eat, as well as prcessing, packaging, and shipping fd t markets all ver the wrld.
Which fds have the largest influence?
In general, beef and lamb have the biggest climate ftprint per gram f prtein while plant—based fds like beans, rice, crn and wheat have the smallest influence. Prk, chicken, eggs are smewhere in the middle.
Is there a simple fd chice I can make?
Studies have shwn that peple wh eat a meat—heavy diet can reduce their fd—related ftprint by ne third r mre by mving t a vegan diet — n meat, dairy（乳制品）, r eggs. If yu dn’t want t g that far, just eat less meat.
Can I really make a difference t ur planet?
We need mre fd t feed the wrld’s grwing ppulatin. One persn alne can make nly a tiny difference. If many peple make changes t their diets, that will start t add up. It will make a greater difference if the wrld’s heaviest meat eaters make sme changes t their diets.
172．Accrding t the passage, which fds have the smallest influence n ur planet?______
A．Beef and lamb.B．Rice and crn.C．Chicken and prk.D．Beans and beef.
173．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE?______
A．One persn alne makes n difference t ur planet.
B．Shipping fd a lver the wrld has n influence n climate change.
C．All the planet—warming greenhuse gases cme frm the fd system.
D．Meat eaters can reduce their fd—related ftprint by eating less meat.
174．What is the best title fr the passage?______
A．Hw t prduce mre meatB．Hw t make mre plant—based fds
C．Hw t eat better fr the planetD．Hw t ask ec—friendly fd questins
【答案】
172．B
173．D
174．C
【分析】
本文是围绕环保食品的四个问题进行了解答，分别是：吃什么会影响气候变化；哪些食物影响最大；能做出简单的食物选择吗；真的能改变我们的星球吗。
172．细节理解题。根据“plant—based fds like beans, rice, crn and wheat have the smallest influence”可知，豆类、大米、玉米和小麦等植物性食品的影响最小，故选B。
173．推理判断题。根据“heavy diet can reduce their fd—related ftprint by ne third r mre by mving t a vegan diet — n meat, dairy（乳制品）, r eggs. If yu dn’t want t g that far, just eat less meat”可知，肉食者可以通过少吃肉来减少与食物相关的碳足迹，所以D表述正确，故选D。
174．最佳标题。根据“Is it pssible t have a diet（日常饮食）that’s bth healthy and friendly t ur planet? Here are answers t yur ec-friendly fd questins”可知，本文主要通过回答四个环保食品的问题来告诉大家如何为地球吃得更好，故选C。
Q1
（2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题）
Ever wndered why yur virtual（虚拟的）hme helper desn't understand yur questins? Or why yur navigatin app tk yu n the side street instead f the highway? In a study published April 21st in the jurnal iScience, Italian researchers, Arianna Pipitne and Antni Chella, designed a rbt that “thinks ut lud”.
T explre hw inner speech might influence a rbt’s actins, the researchers built a rbt called Pepper that speaks t itself. It has the ability t reasn and think. They then asked peple t set the dinner table with Pepper accrding t etiquette（礼仪）rules. In ne experiment, the user asked Pepper t lay the napkin at the wrng place, ging against the rules. Pepper started asking itself a series f self-directed questins and cncluded that the user might be mistaken. T be sure, Pepper cnfirmed the user’s rder, which led t further inner speech.
“Ehm, this situatin trubles me. I wuld never break the rules, but I can’t make the user unhappy, s I’m ding what he wants,” Pepper said t itself, laying the napkin where it was required t be. Thrugh Pepper’s inner vice, the user can learn Pepper was facing a difficult situatin and slved it by priritizing the user’s rder.
Cmparing Pepper’s actins with and withut inner speech, Pipitne and Chella discvered the rbt had a higher task-cmpletin rate when having self-dialgue.
Hwever, sme peple find the rbt spends mre time cmpleting tasks when it talks t itself. The rbt’s inner speech is als limited t the knwledge that researchers gave it. Pepper’s designers still say their wrk prvides a framewrk（构架）t further explre hw self-dialgue can help rbts fcus, plan, and learn. “In sme ways, we are creating a generatinal（世代的）rbt that likes t chat. Frm navigatin apps and the camera n yur phne t medical rbts in the peratin rms, machines and cmputers alike can take advantage f this chatty feature,” says Chella.
175．Why des the writer ask tw questins at the very beginning f the passage?______
A．T draw the reader’s attentin t the tpic.
B．T shw the writer likes electrnic prducts.
C．T tell the reader abut the histry f rbts.
D．T prve the writer ften faces truble in life.
176．Why was Pepper asked t lay the napkin at the wrng place?______
A．T see hw much time Pepper spent laying the napkin.
B．T cnfirm hw ppular Pepper was amng its users.
C．T test hw many etiquette rules Pepper remembered.
D．T study hw self-dialgue might influence Pepper’s actins.
177．What des the underlined wrd “priritizing” in Paragraph 3 mean?______
A．repeatingB．dealing with… firstC．ging againstD．cmplaining abut
178．What can we infer frm the passage?______
A．The designers are prud f their wrk abut Pepper.
B．Pepper has already been in use in the peratin rms.
C．Pepper’s inner speech depends n its user’s cmmunicatin skills.
D．With r withut inner speech, Pepper culd cmplete a task equally well.
【答案】
175．A
176．D
177．B
178．A
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍意大利研究人员Arianna Pipitne和Antni Chella设计了一个能“自言自语”的机器人。
175．推理判断题。作者开篇提出问题，是为了引起读者注意，吸引读者兴趣，故选A。
176．细节理解题。根据“T explre hw inner speech might influence a rbt’s actins, the researchers built a rbt called Pepper that speaks t itself… In ne experiment, the user asked Pepper t lay the napkin at the wrng place, ging against the rules.”可知，Pepper被要求把餐巾放在错误的地方是为了研究自我对话如何影响Pepper的行为。故选D。
177．词句猜测题。分析“Thrugh Pepper’s inner vice, the user can learn Pepper was facing a difficult situatin and slved it by priritizing the user’s rder.”可知，通过Pepper的内心声音，用户可以了解到Pepper正面临着一个困难的情况，并通过优先考虑用户的要求来解决它。此处priritizing的意思是“优先考虑、处理”，故选B。
178．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，通过对Pepper的研究，后续可能会将此类机器人应用到更广泛的领域，所以推测设计师们对他们的作品感到自豪。故选A。
R1
（2021·山东枣庄市·中考真题）
On a ht day, many peple like t g t the beach. Sme beaches, hwever, are nt safe fr swimming.
At sme beaches, there are sharks in the water. S peple put ut shark nets. They help stp t many sharks frm getting clse t the beach. Sharks can still swim under r arund the net. But if they try t swim thrugh, they will get caught. Sharks can die if they are nt cut free.
Shark nets dn’t just catch sharks. They can catch ther animals, t. They have caught dlphins, stingrays and turtles. Even a whale has been caught in a shark net. I tk many peple t get it free.
Sme animals are nt s lucky. They are killed in the nets. One day, a whale was swimming with her calf. The calf gt caught in a shark net. The mther whale tried t get the calf t cme with her. The calf was caught in the net. It culdn’t get free. The mther had t watch it die.
Many peple think shark nets shuld nt be used. Sharks are imprtant t the cean. They eat sick and dead fish. They help t keep the cean clean. Sharks are the lins and the tigers f the sea.
Sme peple think there are ther ways t keep beach safe fr peple. Sharks ptters are peple wh watch fr sharks. They g t a high place. Then they can lk dwn n the beach. If they see a shark, a siren（汽笛）will sund. They put up a white flag. Then peple get ut f the water.
After all, the water is a shark’s hme.
179．What can we knw abut shark nets accrding t the passage?______
A．They are used t keep sharks frm cming near the beach.
B．Peple place them t catch sharks, dlphins, stingrays and turtles.
C．Sharks will be caught when they get clse t them.
D．All the animals caught by them are set free.
180．What des the underlined wrd “calf” mean in paragraph 4?______
A．A huge whale.B．A yung whale.
C．A father whale.D．A mther whale.
181．What des the writer imply（暗示）abut the beach safety?______
A．Peple shuld keep away frm beaches.
B．Everyne shuld wrk as a shark sptter.
C．It’s nt the best way t put ut shark nets.
D．Sme dangerus beaches shuld be shut dwn.
【答案】
179．A
180．B
181．C
【分析】
在一些沙滩，人们会放鲨鱼网，帮助阻止太多鲨鱼靠近海滩，但是鲨鱼网也有其弊端，人们也在想其他办法解决这个问题。
179．细节理解题。根据“S peple put ut shark nets. They help stp t many sharks frm getting clse t the beach.”可知，鲨鱼网帮助阻止太多鲨鱼靠近海滩。故选A。
180．词句猜测题。分析“The calf gt caught in a shark net. The mther whale tried t get the calf t cme with her.”可知，小鲸鱼被鲨鱼网缠住了，母鲸试图让小鲸跟她一起走。此处calf是“小鲸鱼”的意思，故选B。
181．推理判断题。根据“Sme peple think there are ther ways t keep beach safe fr peple.”和“After all, the water is a shark’s hme.”可知，作者认为放鲨鱼网不是最好的办法，毕竟水是鲨鱼的家。故选C。
S1
（2021·云南中考真题）
When yu and yur family g ut fr dinner, d yu ntice hw many dishes yu usually rder? It’s OK if yu finish all f them. But if yu waste t much fd, yu need t pay fr it.
Last year, China’s tp legislature (立法机关) reviewed (审议) a draft law (法律草案) fr stpping fd waste fr the first time. In general, a draft will becme law after the tp legislature reviews it three times.
Accrding t the draft law, restaurants shuld tell custmers nt t rder t much. If custmers leave t much fd uneaten, restaurants can charge (收费) them fr fd waste. The law als bans (禁止) waiters frm encuraging peple t rder t much fd. Sme restaurants may use the “N-1” mde fr peple t rder dishes. “N” stands fr the number f persns at a table. S if there are six peple at yur table, yu shuld rder just five dishes, which can help peple cntrl the amunt f dishes in a prper way.
The draft law als asks schls t teach their students t avid fd waste. It als bans TV prgrams abut vereating and verdrinking. Prducers f such prgrams will face a fine f up t 100,000 yuan.
Fd waste happens in many places and has lng been a big prblem arund the wrld. We need t bey the law and refuse t waste fd.
182．If custmers waste t much fd, they ______ .
A．need t pay sme mney fr itB．need t say srry abut it
C．can’t enter the restaurant againD．can leave the restaurant fr free
183．Accrding t the “N-1” mde, if 9 persns plan t eat in the restaurant, they need t rder ______ dishes.
A．7B．8C．9.D．10
184．Which is NOT true accrding t the passage?______
A．Students shuld avid fd waste at schl.
B．Prgrams abut vereating will be allwed n TV.
C．Fd waste has been a big prblem all ver the wrld.
D．Waiters can’t encurage peple t rder t much fd.
185．Yu may read the passage in ______ .
A．a strybkB．a guidebkC．an advertisementD．a newspaper
186．What des the passage mainly talk abut?______
A．Harm f fd waste.B．Imprtance f healthy fd.
C．Law t stp fd waste.D．Advantages f stpping fd waste.
【答案】
182．A
183．B
184．B
185．D
186．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律。
182．细节理解题。根据“But if yu waste t much fd, yu need t pay fr it.”可知，但是如果你浪费了太多的食物，你需要为它买单。故选A。
183．推理判断题。根据“Sme restaurants may use the “N-1” mde fr peple t rder dishes. “N” stands fr the number f persns at a table. S if there are six peple at yur table, yu shuld rder just five dishes”可知，一些餐厅可能会使用“N-1”模式让人们点餐，“N”代表一桌的人数，所以如果你的桌子上有6个人，你应该只点5道菜。所以9个人吃饭点8道菜，故选B。
184．推理判断题。根据“It als bans TV prgrams abut vereating and verdrinking.”可知，禁止播放有关暴饮暴食的电视节目。故选B。
185．推理判断题。本文主要向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律，所以最有可能在报纸上看到。故选D。
186．主旨大意题。本文向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律，故选C。
T1
（2021·云南昆明市·中考真题）
Accrding t UNESCO, a large number f children in villages in sme African cuntries like Kenya and Tanzania d nt g t schl. They have t wrk t make mney fr their family. And mre than half f peple in these cuntries live withut electricity.
A cmpany is nw wrking t slve bth f these prblems. It has created a special slar (大阳的) pwer statin, which is in the shape f a cw, called “Slar Cw”. The cmpany encurages parents in thse pr villages t send their children t schl by setting up Slar Cws at schls.
Just as its name suggests, the Slar Cw can charge batteries (给电池充电) called “Slar Milks”. The Slar Milks prvide electricity fr the families.
The batteries can nly be charged using the Slar Cw, s children have t g t schl t get the electricity. Every day, children put their batteries int the bttm f their schl’s Slar Cw. They g t class while the batteries are being charged. At the end f the day, they take the charged batteries hme.
Each fully-charged Slar Milk battery can charge a mbile phne three r fur times, r a radi nce r twice. The battery is als a flashlight, and it can prvide ten hurs f light. “My father used t travel tw t three hurs t the charging shp t charge his phne, and it cst a lt,” a by said. “But nw, he can use the battery I bring frm schl t charge his phne at hme.”
Since 2018, this cmpany has set up tw Slar Cws in Kenya and ne in Tanzania. The cmpany als started t raise mney fr mre Slar Cws t help the pr children in Africa.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
187．What is a Slar Cw?______
A．An animal which can prduce milk.B．A slar battery in the shape f a cw.
C．A mbile phne in the shape f a cw.D．A slar pwer statin in the shape f a cw.
188．Hw des the cmpany encurage the parents t send their children t schl?______
A．By giving them mney.B．By setting up Slar Cws at schls.
C．By ffering them cws.D．By building sme schls in the villages.
189．What is the crrect rder fr children t get the electricity fr their families?______
a. Children g t schl with batteries.
b. Children take the charged batteries hme.
c. Children have classes while the batteries are being charged.
d. Children put the batteries int the bttm f their schl’s Slar Cw.
A．a-d-c-bB．a-c-d-bC．b-d-c-aD．b-a-c-d
190．What can each fully-charged Slar Milk battery d?______
A．It can charge a radi three r fur times.
B．It can prvide electricity fr a Slar Cw.
C．It can prvide ten hurs f light as a flashlight.
D．It can charge a mbile phne seven r eight times.
191．What des this passage mainly talk abut?______
A．Slar Cws have prvided electricity fr the schls.
B．Sme African children dn’t g t schl because they have t wrk.
C．Mre than half f peple in Kenya and Tanzania live withut electricity.
D．Slar Cws are slving tw prblems at the same time in sme African cuntries.
【答案】
187．D
188．B
189．A
190．C
191．D
【分析】
文章主要讲太阳能牛在一些非洲国家同时解决了儿童不上学和多半人没有电用两个问题。
187．细节理解题。根据“It has created a special slar pwer statin, which is in the shape f a cw, called ‘Slar Cw’.”可知太阳能牛是一个奶牛形状的太阳能发电站。故选D。
188．细节理解题。根据“The cmpany encurages parents in thse pr villages t send their children t schl by setting up Slar Cws at schls.”可知这家公司通过在学校里建立太阳能牛来鼓励父母送孩子上学。故选B。
189．排序题。根据“The batteries can nly be charged using the Slar Cw, s children have t g t schl t get the electricity. Every day, children put their batteries int the bttm f their schl’s Slar Cw. They g t class while the batteries are being charged. At the end f the day, they take the charged batteries hme.”可知孩子们为家庭供电的正确顺序是：孩子们带着电池上学（a）→孩子们把电池放在学校太阳能牛的底部（d）→孩子们上课期间电池在充电（c）→孩子们把已充电的电池带回家（b）。故选A。
190．细节理解题。根据“The battery is als a flashlight, and it can prvide ten hurs f light.”可知每个充满电的太阳能牛奶电池可以作为手电筒提供10小时的光线。故选C。
191．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍“太阳能牛”，这一发明在一些非洲国家同时解决了儿童不上学和多半人没有电用两个问题。故选D。
U1
（2021·四川南充市·中考真题）
192．The schl has a histry f ______ years.
A．600B．100C．60D．15
193．A schl talent shw can be held in the ______.
A．classrmB．schl hallC．libraryD．cmputer rm
194．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?______
A．The schl has 700 students nw.
B．The schl has 6 classrms.
C．Everyne can read in the library after schl.
D．Teachers can have a rest in the staffrm.
195．The missing part at the end f the passage may talk abut the ______.
A．addressB．playgrundC．P. E. teachersD．music rm
196．Yu can read the passage in a/an ______.
A．newspaperB．diaryC．nvelD．invitatin
【答案】
192．C
193．B
194．D
195．B
196．A
【分析】
本文主要介绍了Alleyn的学校的师生情况及校园布局。
192．细节理解题。根据“1961-2021”可知，这个学校已经有60年的历史了，故选C。
193．细节理解题。根据“It is the place where we hld many events, such as schl plays, cncerts, indr games and s n”可知，学校才艺演出可以在学校礼堂举行，故选B。
194．推理判断题。根据“a large staffrm fr teachers t have a rest during lunch lime”可知，老师可以在员工休息室休息，D表述正确，故选D。
195．推理判断题。根据“Main Teaching Building”“Library”“Schl Hall”“Other rms”可知，此处主要介绍了校园的布局，缺少的部分应是操场，故选B。
196．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Alleyn的学校的师生情况及校园布局，这可能在报纸上看到，故选A。
V1
（2021·四川南充市·中考真题）
One cannt discuss Chinese music withut mentining the guqin, ne f the fur arts—alng with g, calligraphy（书法）and painting. It first appeared ver 3,000 years ag and stands fr China’s sl musical instrument traditin.
At first, the guqin had nly five strings（弦）, meaning the five elements（元素）f metal, wd, water, fire and earth. Later, in Zhu Dynasty, King Wen f Zhu added a sixth string fr his sn. King Wu f Zhu, added a seventh string t encurage his army t fight with the Shang.
Ambience was imprtant in playing the guqin. Usually, it was practiced in a quiet setting and never fr public perfrmance. Ancient artists enjyed perfrming by a stream in the muntains. The sund f the guqin mixed with the eches（回音）frm the muntains, until the musician felt he was at ne with nature. Playing it in snw was als an enjyable activity fr ancient artists, wh believed the instrument was the purest f its kind in the wrld. Als, a night with mnlight was cnsidered wnderful fr playing the guqin. Wang Wei（701—761）, a highly talented man f the Tang Dynasty, liked playing it in a bamb frest n nights with mnlight mst.
Guqin pieces are usually three t eight minutes lng, with the lngest being Guangling Verse, which is 22 minutes lng. Other famus pieces include Plum Blssms in Three Mvements, Wild Geese Landing n the Sandbank and Eighteen Sngs f a Nmad Flute.
Nwadays, there are fewer than ne thusand well-trained guqin players and perhaps n mre than fifty living masters. The riginal number f several thusand pieces has greatly reduced t nly ne hundred wrks by tday. The guqin and its music was added t the list f the Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity（人类非物质文化遗产）in 2003.
197．Tday, the guqin has ______ strings.
A．furB．fiveC．sixD．seven
198．What’s the meaning f the underlined wrd “Ambience” in Paragraph 3?______
A．演奏技巧B．环境氛围C．天气状况D．弹奏曲目
199．Accrding t the passage, playing the guqin ______ is a right chice.
A．at a quiet restaurantB．at a welcme party
C．in a peaceful yard with flwersD．n a dark night with rainstrm
200．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE?______
A．The guqin has a histry f less than 3000 years.
B．The strings mean metal, wd, water, fire and stne.
C．The lngest guqin piece is Guangling Verse.
D．The guqin is very ppular and many peple can play it.
201．What des the passage mainly talk abut?______
A．The guqin and its music.B．The guqin and its players.
C．Fur Chinese traditinal arts.D．The develpment f guqin music.
【答案】
197．D
198．B
199．C
200．C
201．A
【分析】
本文主要介绍了中国的七弦古琴，包括它的来历，弹琴的环境氛围以及现在的状况。
197．细节理解题。根据“King Wu f Zhu, added a seventh string t encurage his army t fight with the Shang”可知，现在古琴是有七根弦，故选D。
198．词义猜测题。根据“Usually, it was practiced in a quiet setting and never fr public perfrmance…”可知，本段主要讲述的就是弹琴的环境氛围，所以Ambience表示“环境氛围”，故选B。
199．细节理解题。根据“Usually, it was practiced in a quiet setting and never fr public perfrmance”可知，弹奏七弦古琴需要在安静的地方，且不是公开表演，故选C。
200．推理判断题。根据“Guqin pieces are usually three t eight minutes lng, with the lngest being Guangling Verse, which is 22 minutes lng.”可知，最长的是《广陵诗》，C表述正确，故选C。
201．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了古琴和它的音乐，以及它的演奏环境，故选A。
W1
（2021·浙江温州市·中考真题）
Lima, the capital f Peru, is lcated in the central castal part f the cuntry, verlking the Pacific Ocean. With a ppulatin f mre than 9 millin, Lima is ne f the largest cities and the nly capital in Suth America that faces the cean.
Lima has a lng histry. The lst Inca civilizatin, is thught t be a mystery. There are many museums, where yu can learn: hw the ancient American Indians funded the Inca Empire and built Machu Picchu, a famus ancient city in the Andes Muntains; what happened in 1532 and why ver 90% f Peruvians speak Spanish. Visiting the histric center, a Wrld Heritage Site, yu may find yu are cmmunicating with bth the past and the present.
Lima is als a place where yu can find the lifestyles and fashins, created by its peple and culture. Yu will see Peruvian clthes, dances, and taste their delicius fds and drinks. Yu can see buildings in different styles, enjy the fantastic sunset ver the ancient ruins, climb the muntains, fly ver the cean, r sit in the restaurants and bars t experience Peruvians’ relaxing life.
Yu may have heard “It never rains in Lima.” In fact, the special gegraphic feature makes it nt as dry as it is said t be and it is warm all year rund. Thugh it seldm rains in summer, it smetimes drizzles n early winter mrnings. The drizzle and the wet air “water” the grund, which makes the crps and the plants grw. Mrever, mdern technlgy helps t bring water frm the snw and ice n the tp f the Andes (ver 6,000m high) fr the city t use. Peple there never waste water.
Lima is such an amazing city that it is wrth a visit.
202．Accrding t the passage, where is Lima n the map?______
A．B．C．D．
203．Mst peple in Lima speak ______.
A．IndianB．SpanishC．EnglishD．Inca language
204．The underlined wrd “drizzle” prbably means ______.
A．warm airB．sea waterC．snw and iceD．very light rain
205．Lima is a city ______.
A．which is rich in water resurcesB．where peple can learn Inca culture
C．which is the largest in Suth AmericaD．where the huses are in the same style
【答案】
202．D
203．B
204．D
205．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍秘鲁的首都利马。
202．细节理解题。根据“Lima, the capital f Peru, is lcated in the central castal part f the cuntry, verlking the Pacific Ocean.”可知，秘鲁首都利马位于该国中部沿海，俯瞰太平洋。结合地图，故选D。
203．细节理解题。根据“why ver 90% f Peruvians speak Spanish”可知，超过90%的秘鲁人说西班牙语，故选B。
204．词义猜测题。分析“Thugh it seldm rains in summer, it smetimes drizzles n early winter mrnings.”可知，虽然这里夏天很少下雨，但在初冬的早晨有时会下毛毛雨。此处drizzle的意思是“小雨，毛毛雨”，故选D。
205．细节理解题。根据“There are many museums, where yu can learn: hw the ancient American Indians funded the Inca Empire”可知，利马有很多博物馆，你可以在那里学习古代美洲印第安人是如何建立印加帝国的，故选B。
X1
（2021·浙江温州市·中考真题）
Mst viruses can be fund and killed by ur immune system as sn as they enter ur bdies. Hwever, sme viruses, fr example, the crnavirus, are sneaky. They are difficult t recgnize and find. These viruses can cause deadly diseases, like COVID-19. Human-t-human transmissin can easily ccur, and pandemic will therefre break ut. Vaccinatin is by nw a simple, safe and effective way t prtect us frm the diseases.
▲ Vaccines are smething that “lks” exactly the same as the viruses, mainly made frm the viruses that are weakened r killed. They will nt make us really ill. They nly stimulate and activate ur immune system t wrk, telling it smething harmful is cming in. The immune system will knw what the “viruses” lk like, and send B cells (lymphcytes) r antibdies t find and kill them. Meanwhile B cells will remember them fr the next kill. A vaccine may als give us passive immunity by prviding B cells taken frm an animal r a human t play the same rle.
Scientists have develped mre than 180 vaccines t fight against COVID-19. The technical appraches f these vaccines can be a little different, but their aims are the same.
Take the inactivated vaccine as an example. In an inactivated vaccine, the crnaviruses are already killed r made int the nes unable t prduce mre new viruses. When the immune system “sees” them, it will try t kill them. The questin is: withut enugh these viruses hw can B cells remember them? That’s why we need t take the vaccine mre than ne time. Thugh this vaccine is safe, it might nt be as effective as it is expected t be.
The live-attenuated vaccine is different. In this vaccine, the viruses are weakened, but they are alive. They can prduce enugh new viruses t train the immune system t kill and remember them, s peple nly need t take the vaccine nce. The live-attenuated vaccine is cnsidered the mst effective, but there is a wrry: what might happen nce these viruses wake up?
Therefre, althugh vaccinatin is by nw ne f the best ways t prtect us frm COVID-19, it can be better.
206．The crnavirus can ______.
A．nt be killedB．nt be fundC．cause deathsD．stp pandemic
207．Which f the fllwing can be the best tpic sentence f Paragraph 2?______
A．Vaccinatin can prvide us with B cells.B．Vaccines are made frm different viruses.
C．Vaccinatin can prepare us against viruses.D．Vaccines wn’t make us ill as the viruses d.
208．Cmpared t the inactivated vaccine the live-attenuated vaccine ______.
A．needs taking mre than nceB．is equally safe
C．cntains viruses that are killedD．is mre effective
209．What can we learn frm the passage?______
A．Vaccinatin is gd enugh t treat COVID-19.
B．The immune system can be mre effective with vaccines.
C．The viruses in inactivated vaccines can make new viruses.
D．180 vaccines have been develped t fight against diseases.
【答案】
206．C
207．C
208．D
209．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍疫苗及其作用。
206．细节理解题。根据“Hwever, sme viruses, fr example, the crnavirus, are sneaky. They are difficult t recgnize and find. These viruses can cause deadly diseases, like COVID-19.”可知，COVID-19可以导致致命的疾病，故选C。
207．段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，本段主要告诉我们疫苗可以使我们预防病毒，故选C。
208．细节理解题。根据“The live-attenuated vaccine is cnsidered the mst effective”可知，减毒活疫苗被认为是最有效的，故选D。
209．推理判断题。根据“They nly stimulate and activate ur immune system t wrk, telling it smething harmful is cming in.”可知，疫苗只是刺激和激活我们的免疫系统，告诉它有害的东西来了。所以二者是促进关系，选项B“免疫系统使用疫苗会更有效”与之相符，故选B。
Y1
（2021·四川成都市·中考真题）
Tangchang, a twn in Chengdu, is well-knwn fr clth shes. With ver 20 types, Tangchang clth shes are strng, cmfrtable, breathable and friendly t the envirnment. In 2018, they were added t Sichuan’s intangible cultural heritage list（非物质文化遗产名录）.
63-year-ld Lai Shufang has spent ver 40 years making Tangchang clth shes. Nw she is a master. She said there are 32 steps t make a pair, but the mst imprtant step is making the sles.
Layers（层）f white clth are glued tgether with flur paste（糨糊）. “T make gd paste, we make it at a temperature f 85℃. If it’s t lw r t high, the paste will nt wrk,” Lai said. Then the pasted layers are dried and cut int different shapes. After this, the layered clth is beaten again and again until it is tight（紧实的）enugh t make sles and upper parts. The next step is t shape the tw parts and glue them tgether. But still the sles’ edges lk fluffy. Thrugh repeated plishing and trimming, the fluffy edges（毛边） will becme smth. Then the clth shes are ready.
Lai’s hard wrk tuched her sn Ai Peng. In 2015, Ai decided t leave his jb and help his mther. He used Shu embridery t make the shes lk mre beautiful and pened a clth she stre nline. He als set up shp windws t shw the steps f making shes, helping mre peple learn abut the art f clth shes.
210．What is the mst imprtant step in making Tangchang clth shes accrding t Ms. Lai?______
A．Making the sles.B．Making the upper parts.C．Making gd flur paste.
211．What is the crrect rder f the fllwing steps f making Tangchang clth shes?______
①beating the layered clth
②making flur paste at an exact temperature
③gluing the upper parts and the sles tgether
A．③②①B．②③①C．②①③
212．Hw many things has Lai’s sn dne t make the clth shes mre ppular?______
A．Tw.B．Three.C．Fur.
213．Which f the fllwing questins is answered in the passage?______
A．What are the features f Tangchang clth shes?
B．When did Ms. Lai becme a master f clth shes?
C．What’s the mst imprtant material in making clth shes?
214．What is the best tile fr this passage?______
A．A Talented Shemaker, Lai Shufang
B．Hand-made Clth Shes in Tangchang
C．Tangchang, a Well-knwn Twn in Chengdu
【答案】
210．A
211．C
212．B
213．A
214．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍四川非物质文化遗产名录之一——唐昌布鞋。
210．细节理解题。根据“but the mst imprtant step is making the sles”可知，最重要的一步是制作鞋底，故选A。
211．细节理解题。根据“T make gd paste, we make it at a temperature f 85℃…After this, the layered clth is beaten again and again…The next step is t shape the tw parts and glue them tgether.”可知，正确的顺序是②①③，故选C。
212．细节理解题。根据“He used Shu embridery t make the shes lk mre beautiful and pened a clth she stre nline. He als set up shp windws t shw the steps f making shes, helping mre peple learn abut the art f clth shes.”可知，赖淑芳的儿子做了三件事来让布鞋更受欢迎，故选B。
213．细节理解题。根据“With ver 20 types, Tangchang clth shes are strng, cmfrtable, breathable and friendly t the envirnment.”可知，文章介绍了唐昌布鞋的特点，故选A。
214．最佳标题题。本文向我们介绍四川非物质文化遗产名录之一——唐昌布鞋。选项B“唐昌手工布鞋”符合主题，故选B。
Z1
（2021·浙江金华市·中考真题）
The wrld is full f amazing nature, buildings, technlgy and discveries. Sme are man-made and thers happen naturally.
215．Accrding t the passage, the musical rad plays music because ______.
A．the rad is huge enughB．cars are running very fast
C．cars tuch the spaces between the grvesD．there is a pian n the rad
216．What makes the tree s amazing?______
A．It’s high up in the sky.B．It pushes a bike ver.
C．A bike hangs n its branch.D．It cntinues grwing with a bike inside.
217．In which part f a magazine can we mst prbably read this passage?______
A．Travel.B．Technlgy.C．Educatin.D．Health.
【答案】
215．C
216．D
217．A
【分析】
本文介绍了令人惊叹的位于日本的音乐之路，位于华盛顿的树上的自行车以及土耳其的地下城市。
215．细节理解题。根据文中“The spaces between the grves make different music as cars tuch them.”可知，在汽车接触凹槽之间的空间时发出不同的音乐。故选C。
216．细节理解题。根据文中“The tree grws arund the bike instead f pushing it ver, making it part f its grwth.”可知，这棵树令人惊奇，是因为这棵树围绕着自行车生长，使自行车成为它生长的一部分。故选D。
217．推理判断题。根据“The wrld is full f amazing nature, buildings, technlgy and discveries. Sme are man-made and thers happen naturally.”结合本文主要介绍了令人惊叹的位于日本的音乐之路，位于华盛顿的树上的自行车以及土耳其的地下城市，内容与旅行有关，可推测，本文应该会出现在杂志的Travel部分。故选A。
A2
（2021·浙江金华市·中考真题）
Fr as lng as we can remember, ne f the mst ppular ways parents use t punish their children has been the “time ut”.
It seems that it is a gd idea: the child sits n his wn t reflect（反思）n what he has dne. Then, when the time is up, he will aplgize and learn frm the mistake.
Hwever, just because it’s smething that’s been dne fr years, that desn’t mean it is the right thing t d. In fact, very ften, children dn’t sit nicely and think abut what they’ve dne. Instead, they need t be tld a few (r many) times t g back t their places and stay quiet. They’re nt reflecting n why they are in the “time ut” at all. Mre likely than nt, they’re prbably just really angry, and ‘s’ are the parents. In the end, bth the parents and the children make each ther unhappy, r even angry.
What can parents d t change this situatin? Yu may have already heard f things like peaceful parenting（育儿）and gentle parenting. These fcus n the relatinship between parent and child thrugh building trust and lve. S, instead f starting a “time ut”, try smething called “time in”. A “time in” needs bth parent and child t stay clse until bth get calm. After that, the parent, and child can discuss what happened and slve the prblem tgether. If the child can make changes, everyne can then mve n.
As we all knw, punishment and vilence（暴力）seldm wrk and will never teach the children what the right way t act is. A “time in” can be the great time fr the children t learn thrugh mistakes, Kids learn hw t build their emtinal and scial skills thrugh difficult situatins. S, instead f punishing them fr acting their age, we can use chances t teach and guide them t a place f learning.
A “time in” may take mre time, but it des wrk.
218．During a “time ut”, a child is tld t ______.
A．stay utsideB．make a prmiseC．sit alne and reflectD．return t schl
219．In the writer’s pinin, a “time ut” ______.
A．is becming mre ppularB．desn’t always wrk
C．shuld be parents’ first chiceD．takes t much time
220．When a child has dne smething wrng, the writer suggests that ______.
A．bth teachers and parents discuss hw t slve the prblem
B．parents try smething called “time in” instead f “time ut”
C．the child say srry t his r her parents and learn frm mistakes
D．the child stay at hme and reflect until he never makes mistakes
221．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?______
A．Why nt “time in”?B．Learn frm mistakes
C．“Time ut” r “time in”?D．N vilence at hme!
【答案】
218．C
219．B
220．B
221．A
【分析】
本文主要讲了教育孩子时的“time ut”与“time in”两种方式，通过分析“time in”方式更有效。
218．细节理解题。根据第二段“the child sits n his wn t reflect（反思）n what he has dne.”可知，在“计时隔离”期间，孩子自己坐下来反思他所做的事情。故选C。
219．细节理解题。根据第三段“Hwever, just because it’s smething that’s been dne fr years, that desn’t mean it is the right thing t d. In fact…bth the parents and the children make each ther unhappy, r even angry.”可知，事实上，在“计时隔离”期间，孩子们不会好好地坐着，不会思考他们所做的事情。相反，他们需要被告知几次(或多次)来保持安静。他们根本没有反思为什么他们被“计时隔离”了。所以作者认为，这种处罚不起作用。故选B。
220．细节理解题。根据第四段“S, instead f starting a ‘time ut’, try smething called ‘time in’.”可知，作者建议，与其“计时隔离”，不如尝试“家长陪伴”。故选B。
221．最佳标题题。本文主要讲了教育孩子时的 “time ut”与“time in” 两种方式，通过分析“time in”方式更有效。分析选项可知，Why nt “time in”?符合主旨。故选A。
B2
（2021·浙江金华市·中考真题）
①Animal behavir（行为）is an interesting and attractive study. Scientists research the ways animals use t lk fr fd. They study hw animals prtect themselves frm their predatrs, and which animals kill ther animals fr fd. All f this helps us understand hw useful animals can be.
②Each cuntry r culture raises sme animals fr fd. In the United States, peple mainly eat meat frm cws, chickens and pigs. In ther cuntries, peple might raise sheep r buffal fr meat. These differences cme in part frm weather and ther envirnmental cnditins. Peple arund the wrld eat all kinds f fish and shellfish frm ceans and rivers. In sme cuntries, peple dn’t always chse sme animal grups, such as dgs, fr fd while in ther cuntries such animals may becme peple’s favrite fd.
③ In West Africa, animals prvide humans with mre than fd. They have been helping peple d daily wrk fr thusands f years. Hrses, xen, and ther wrk animals pull heavy things. Elephants; camels; and ther animals carry peple and things frm place t place. Carrier pigens（信鸽）have been used t send messages.
④Peple als receive health benefits’（利益）frm animals. Fr example, dgs and cats can help calm peple dwn. This is helpful fr peple fighting illnesses. Animals can als reduce stress, helping peple t draw their attentin t learning new infrmatin, such as reading. When peple are walking their dgs r hrses, it encurages exercise.
⑤Animals and humans share space n Earth, s keeping a healthy relatinship with animals, arund us is in ur best interest.
222．What is the passage mainly abut?______
A．Where animals live and hw they lk fr fd.
B．The relatinship between animals and humans.
C．The different things animals can d in different cuntries.
D．What humans shuld d when cmmunicating with animals.
223．The underlined wrd “predatrs” in Paragraph l prbably means ______.
A．neighbursB．friendsC．childrenD．enemies
224．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?______
A．Peple arund the wrld eat all kinds f fish.
B．Hrses are helpful fr peple fighting illnesses.
C．Elephants encurage humans t d mre exercise.
D．Africans mainly eat meat frm cws, chickens and pigs.
225．Which f the fllwing is the structure（结构）f the passage?______
A．B．C．D．
【答案】
222．B
223．D
224．A
225．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了动物和人类之间的关系：动物不仅为人类提供食物、干工作，还和人类有很好的友谊。
222．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据“Each cuntry r culture raises sme animals fr fd. They have been helping peple d daily wrk fr thusands f years.”和“Peple als receive health benefits’（利益）frm animals.”可知，本文主要是关于动物和人类之间的关系。故选B。
223．词句猜测题。根据前半句“They study hw animals prtect themselves”可猜测出，应是他们研究动物如何保护自己免受敌人——捕食者的伤害，故下划线单词“predatrs”在第一段的意思应是“敌人,enemies”。故选D。
224．细节理解题。根据文中“Peple arund the wrld eat all kinds f fish and shellfish frm ceans and rivers.”可知，全世界的人都吃各种各样的鱼是正确的。故选A。
225．篇章结构题。通读全文，第一段综述动物的行为；第二、三、四段分述动物的用途——为人类提供食物、干活和从动物的健康关系中受益；第四段综述动物和人类的关系。故文章的结构属于总——分——总。故选C。
C2
（2021·浙江绍兴市·中考真题）
Visiting uter space is still a far dream fr anyne wh isn’t an astrnaut, but a day trip t the stars is already pen fr peple t rder!
A new cmpany (公司), Space Perspective, is planning tests with passengers. It has big plans t run up t 500 flights frm different places acrss the USA by 2024. If successful, reaching the uter side f space culd be as easy as flying abrad in a few years’ time. The plan will be fr spacemen and up t eight passengers t travel in Neptune, a capsule (太空舱) tied t a balln the size f a ftball field.
They will mve slwly upwards right t the side f space, 30 km away frm the Earth. There, space turists will be able t lk back at the Earth and ut t dark space and the sight f millins f stars. Althugh the price is yet t be fixed, the expensive flight, which will take six hurs, is likely t cst ver £100, 000. Because the capsule remains within the Earth’s atmsphere (大气层), n special clthing r training are needed. It means that lder peple r thse with health prblems will be included.
One prblem may be the methd f landing back n the Earth. The balln mves back dwn frm space until it falls dwn in the sea. Passengers, spacemen, capsule and balln are then gtten back by ship.
Nw Neptune faces cmpetitin frm the Stratllite, a balln being develped by a cmpany called Wrld View Enterprises, while the super-rich Richard Bransn, Jeff Bezs and Eln Musk are all puring mney int develping business space flying machines. The advantage f the balln is that it will be cheaper than a space plane r rcket.
Space travel may sn be a reality (现实), but hw visitrs get there is still a very pen questin.
226．We can see frm the passage that Space Perspective ______.
A．has cmpleted ver 500 testsB．wants t use Neptune t carry peple
C．has quite a lng histryD．makes it easier fr us t fly abrad
227．Accrding t Space Perspective’s plan, space turists ______.
A．shuld wear special clthingB．will land back n the grund
C．can watch the Earth frm spaceD．must keep in gd health
228．The writer implies (暗示) in the passage that ______.
A．the race t get turists int space is becming ht
B．there will be nly fur ways fr visitrs t reach space
C．the Stratllite is ppular with space passengers
D．Richard, Jeff and Eln are all shrt f mney
229．The passage can usually be read in the part f ______ in a newspaper.
A．CultureB．BusinessC．HealthD．Science
【答案】
226．B
227．C
228．A
229．D
【分析】
文章主要讲太空旅行可能很快会成为现实，人们正在为此而做出努力。
226．细节理解题。根据“A new cmpany, Space Perspective, is planning tests with passengers. ... The plan will be fr spacemen and up t eight passengers t travel in Neptune, a capsule tied t a balln the size f a ftball field.”可知Space Perspective想用太空舱“海王星”运载人。故选B。
227．细节理解题。根据“There, space turists will be able t lk back at the Earth and ut t dark space and the sight f millins f stars.”可知根据Space Perspective的计划，太空游客可以从太空中观看地球。故选C。
228．推理判断题。根据“Nw Neptune faces cmpetitin frm the Stratllite”可知“海王星”太空舱面临竞争，再由“Space travel may sn be a reality, but hw visitrs get there is still a very pen questin.”可知人们如何到达太空是个很开放的问题，由此推出与此相关的竞争变得很激烈。故选A。
229．推理判断题。文章主要讲太空旅行可能很快会成为现实，人们正在为此而做出努力。属于科学类内容，可能选自报纸的科学部分。故选D。
D2
（2021·山东潍坊市·中考真题）
Everything is made f smething. Nthing is made f nthing.
Chemistry is abut the smallest things that ther bigger things are made f, and what happens when they change. The wrd chemistry cmes frm chemical, which is an example f ne type f the very small things that ther bigger things are made f. The wrds yu are reading nw are made f a dark liquid called ink (墨水), which is written n paper. The paper itself is made ut f the chemicals that wd is made ut f. Bth the ink and the paper were made by different chemical prcesses. A chemical prcess is what happens when chemicals cme tgether t make ther chemicals, and therefre ther things.
Cking makes chemical changes. Yur different ingredients are made f different chemicals, and when yu put them tgether and make them ht and ck them, the chemicals change int new chemicals and the different ingredients make smething new. That tmat sauce yu’re making is made f tmates, nins, garlic, salt and pepper. Thse ingredients each have their wn chemicals and their wn flavrs, but nw with yur sauce yu’ve made smething different, smething that has its wn flavr, all the ingredients mixed tgether, all the chemicals mixed tgether, smething new.
Yu can smell the chemical changes, t, as they g up int yur nse, especially when yu frget abut yur sauce and it desn’t just ck but burns and becmes black and has a really bad flavr. Yu can’t make it better, either, because nce chemicals change, they can’t be changed back again.
230．What des the underlined wrd “they” in Paragraph 2 refer t?______
A．Chemistry.B．Chemical.
C．The smallest things.D．The bigger things.
231．What is a chemical prcess?______
A．Ink is written n paper.B．Paper is made ut f wd.
C．Everything is made f smething.D．Things mixed tgether prduce smething new.
232．What des Paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?______
A．Hw t make tmat sauce.B．What t use t frm new things.
C．Ingredients and their wn flavrs.D．Chemical changes in cking fd.
233．Which might be the best title fr the text?______
A．What chemistry is like.B．Chemistry changes everything.
C．Where the wrd chemistry cmes frm.D．A chemical prcess is called chemistry.
【答案】
230．C
231．B
232．D
233．D
【分析】
本文介绍了化学变化会产生新的东西。并举例说明什么是化学变化。
230．词义猜测题。根据“Chemistry is abut the smallest things that ther bigger things are made f, and what happens when they change.”化学是关于其他更大的东西所组成的最小的东西，以及当它们改变时会发生什么。可知，此处的复数的代词they指代上文的the smallest things。故选C。
231．细节理解题。根据“Bth the ink and the paper were made by different chemical prcesses.”可知墨水和纸张都是由不同的化学过程制成的，需要注意A选项的“Ink is written n paper.”，墨水写在纸上和化学变化无关。故选B。
232．段落大意题。根据“Cking makes chemical changes.”及下文的介绍可知，本段介绍了烹饪食物中的化学变化。故选D。
233．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了chemistry一词的来历以及相关知识。第二段介绍什么是化学变化以及常见例子；第三段介绍烹饪也会导致化学物质变化；第四段介绍人们可以闻到化学物质变化。整篇文章都和化学变化相关。因此D选项适合做标题。故选D。
E2
（2021·山东泰安市·中考真题）
Scientists say they’ve develped a new system(系统). It can use “machine learning” t predict when and where lightning(闪电) will strike(闪击). The research was led by engineers frm Switzerland.
Eurpean researchers have estimated(估算) between 6, 000 and 24,000 peple are killed by lightning wrldwide each year. The strikes can als cause pwer cuts, destry huses and start frest fires. Fr these reasns, sme climate scientists have studied t develp methds t predict and cntrl lightning. But n system has been created t effectively predict lightning.
The new system is being tested in the experiments(实验). It used a cmbinatin f data(数据资料) frm weather statins and machine learning methds. The researchers develped a predictin mdel. It was trained t tell weather cnditins that were pssible t cause lightning.
The mdel was created with sme data. The data was cllected ver a 12-year perid frm 12 Swiss weather statins in cities and muntain areas. The data related t(与……有关) fur main surface cnditins: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity(相对湿度) and wind speed.
The atmspheric(大气的) data was put int a machine learning algrithm(计算程序), which cmpared it t recrds f lightning strikes. Researchers say the algrithm was then able t learn the cnditins under which lightning happens.
Amirhssein Mstajabi is a PhD student wh led the develpment f the new system. He said, “Cmmn systems fr cllecting such data are slw and cmplex, and they require expensive cllectin equipment(设备) like radar r satellites (卫星).”
“Our system uses data that can be gtten frm any weather statin,” Mstajabi said. “This will imprve data cllectin in the areas which are nt cvered by radar and satellites r in places where cmmunicatin systems have been cut,” he added.
234．Accrding t the passage, the strikes can’t cause ______.
A．pwer cutsB．earthquakes
C．frest firesD．the death f peple
235．What des the underlined wrd “it” refer t in Paragraph 5?______
A．The lightning strike.B．The system being tested.
C．The machine learning algrithm.D．The atmspheric data.
236．What d the last tw paragraphs mainly tell us?______
A．Where weather statins shuld be built.
B．Hw the machine learning algrithm wrks.
C．The advantages f the new system in data cllectin.
D．The new system has effectively predicted lightning in faraway areas.
237．Which f the fllwing statements abut the new system is TRUE?______
A．Its predictin mdel has been tested fr 12 years.
B．It has been put int use in cities and muntain areas widely.
C．The new system requires expensive cllectin equipment t cllect data.
D．It uses machine learning t predict the time and places f lightning strikes.
【答案】
234．B
235．D
236．C
237．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍科学家们开发出的一种能有效地预测闪电的机器，来减少闪电袭击带来的危害和损失。
234．细节理解题。根据“Eurpean researchers have estimated(估算) between 6, 000 and 24,000 peple are killed by lightning wrldwide each year”及“The strikes can als cause pwer cuts, destry huses and start frest fires”可知，能导致人的死亡，停电、毁坏房屋和引发森林火灾，故选B。
235．词义猜测题。根据“The atmspheric(大气的) data was put int a machine learning algrithm(计算程序), which cmpared it t recrds f lightning strikes”可知，此处是指将大气的数据与闪电袭击的记录相比较，所以it指代“The atmspheric data”，故选D。
236．主旨大意题。根据“Our system uses data that can be gtten frm any weather statin…”可知，最后两段讲述的是这种新系统在数据收集方面的优势，故选C。
237．推理判断题。根据“ It can use “machine learning” t predict when and where lightning(闪电) will strike”可知，它可以使用“机器学习”来预测闪电何时何地会发生，D表述正确，故选D。
F2
（2021·江苏连云港市·中考真题）
March 2 is Old Stuff Day（旧物日）. It is all abut ld stuff. Things yu used have been frgtten fr ages in yur hme. Yu must have sme ld stuff arund. And tday is all abut enjying it. Because what’s better than finding smething really great frm days gne by?
It’s s easy t frget things yu have. If we dn’t use them every day, sme things can be put away and stay there. And that’s nt just the things in yur hme— technlgy grws s quickly, new tys cme ut all the time, new bks keep cming ut. In the age f new infrmatin, we can have s many things easily. Tday is all abut remembering the things we smetimes leave behind.
We’ve learned t value what age can bring t things. Wines, fr example, are mre valuable and tastier as they grw lder. It’s certain that ld things still have their uses, value r charm. Peple tday will pay a pretty penny fr stamps, tys, vide games, bard games, bks, cins, and clthes f yesterday.
Yu can really get int the charm f ld things by visiting a junk shp （旧货店）. Anther persn’s ld stuff culd be yur new stuff! Or maybe nw is a gd day t clean up? Old stuff culd becme a great gift fr smene else, r yu culd always send yur ld things t a charity shp. If yu’re free, yu culd turn yur ld clthes int new nes with just a little change.
Tday culd be a gd day t visit yur lder families. Yu culd ask yur grandparents t tell yu stries abut family histry, their childhd and their yuth. Learn abut what was ging n in the wrld when they were grwing up.
Mst f all, remember that tday’s new stuff will ne day be ld stuff.
238．What is Old Stuff Day?______
A．A day t thrw away ld things.B．A day t fllw new technlgy.
C．A day t get tgether with families.D．A day t enjy and reuse ld things.
239．Frm paragraph 3, we knw that ______.
A．age brings peple new thingsB．peple lve buying new things
C．peple always clean up ld stuffD．ld stuff is still valuable and useful
240．Which f the fllwing is a prper way t deal with ld stuff?______
A．Breaking them int pieces.B．Sending them t charity shps.
C．Frgetting them in sme places.D．Turning them int waste things.
241．The authr’s purpse in writing the text is t make peple ______.
A．realize value f ld stuffB．explre new technlgy
C．prduce mre ld thingsD．remember family histry
【答案】
238．D
239．D
240．B
241．A
【分析】
文章介绍了旧物日的意义以及在这一天人们可以做的一些事情以及旧东西该如何处理。
238．细节理解题。根据“March 2 is Old Stuff Day（旧物日）. It is all abut ld stuff. Things yu used have been frgtten fr ages in yur hme. Yu must have sme ld stuff arund. And tday is all abut enjying it.”可知，旧货日是一个享受并重复使用旧东西的日子。故选D。
239．主旨大意题。根据“We’ve learned t value what age can bring t ’s certain that ld things still have their uses, value r charm.”可知，本段主要是说旧东西是有用的有价值的，故选D。
240．细节理解题。根据“Old stuff culd becme a great gift fr smene else, r yu culd always send yur ld things t a charity shp.”可知，旧东西可以送到慈善商店，故选B。
241．推理判断题。根据“March 2 is Old Stuff Day（旧物日）. It is all abut ld stuff.”以及“Mst f all, remember that tday’s new stuff will ne day be ld stuff.”及整个文章的理解可知，文章的目的就是让人们认识到旧东西的价值，故选A。
G2
（2021·江苏连云港市·中考真题）
Yu might have seen beautiful rainbws in the sky befre. They frm when sunlight falls n water drps in the air. But in fact, mnlight can als create rainbws in the same way. They are called “mnbws”. They are similar t rainbws, but they are created by mnlight instead f direct sunlight.
Mnbws are rarer than rainbws. Different weather and astrnmical （天文学的）cnditins have t be just right fr mnbws t be created.
The mn has t be very lw in the sky-nly 42 degrees frm the hrizn （地平线）. The mn perid has t be a full mn r nearly full. The sky must be very dark fr a mnbw t be watched clearly-any bright light can bscure it. Water drps must appear in the air in the ppsite directin f the mn.
Mnbws appear n the ppsite side f the mn and usually lk white t the human eye. This is because their clrs are nt bright enugh t be nticed by the human eye. It is pssible, hwever, t view the clrs in a mnbw using lng expsure （长时间曝光）phtgraphy.
Mnbws mre ften appear in sme lcatins arund the wrld. Mst f these lcatins usually have waterfalls, which create thin fg in the air. Sme f these lcatins are the Ysemite Natinal Park in Califrnia and Cumberland Falls State Resrt Park in Kentucky, US; Victria Falls n the brder f Zambia and Zimbabwe; and Waimea in Hawaii, US.
Mnbws d really happen. S at a certain time and a certain place, when a mnbw happens t appear, yu can’t miss it if yu’re right there.
242．Accrding t the first tw paragraphs, mnbws are ______.
A．created by sunlightB．much easier t find
C．seen during the dayD．mre difficult t frm
243．Which f the fllwing can be the cnditins fr a mnbw t frm?______
A．A half mn hangs high in the bright sky.
B．A full mn is 50 degrees frm the hrizn.
C．A nearly full mn hangs lw in the dark sky.
D．Water drps are in the ppsite directin f the sun.
244．What des the underlined wrd “bscure” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?______
A．cverB．drpC．cnnectD．prduce
245．What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?______
A．Cnditins f mnbws.B．Backgrund f mnbws.
C．Lcatins f mnbws.D．Develpment f mnbws.
【答案】
242．D
243．C
244．A
245．C
【分析】
文章介绍了罕见的月虹形成的原因，条件等。
242．细节理解题。根据“Mnbws are rarer than rainbws. Different weather and astrnmical （天文学的）cnditins have t be just right fr mnbws t be created.”可知，月虹比彩虹少见，更难形成，故选D。
243．细节理解题。根据“The mn has t be very lw in the sky-nly 42 degrees frm the hrizn （地平线）. The mn perid has t be a full mn r nearly full. The sky must be very dark fr a mnbw t be watched clearly”可知，月亮在天空中必须非常低，离地平线只有42度。月亮周期必须是满月或接近满月。天空一定很暗，才能清楚地看到月虹，故选C。
244．词义猜测题。根据“The sky must be very dark fr a mnbw t be watched clearly-any bright light can bscure it.”可知，天空一定很暗，才能清楚地看到月虹，任何光线都能遮住它，所以单词“bscure”指的是“遮住，覆盖”，故选A。
245．主旨大意题。根据“Mnbws mre ften appear in sme lcatins arund the wrld.”可知，这里介绍的是能够容易出现月虹的一些地方，故选C。
H2
（2021·浙江嘉兴市·中考真题）
The natural wrld is clrful with humans, plants and animals shwing different clrs.
Human skin can be many different clrs and it changes with the sun, ur feelings r ur health fr example. This is because f pigments(色素), which reflect light and make what the eye sees as clrs. S, when we feel excited r angry, ur heart can send mre bld t the face and the pigments in the skin becme red. This is why we have the expressin that smene “sees red” when they are angry.
Plants als have pigments. Clr is imprtant fr them t live n. The bright clrs f flwers catch the attentin f insects(昆虫), which then carry their pllen(花粉) frm ne flwer t anther. Bees can see clrs we cannt, and they fllw these t the inside f the flwer. Withut bees visiting flwers in this way, many plants wuld die ut.
Animals als use clr fr their wn need. They prtect themselves with different clrs s as nt t be seen by predatrs. The snwshe hare fr example, a type f wild rabbit, changes clr with seasns fr this reasn. During summer it is a brwn clr, and in winter it is white s that it can hide in the snw. Hwever, sme animals use clr as a warning t make predatrs stay away. Bright clrs such as yellw and red are ften used in this way. Nature, hwever, is very clever, and predatrs als use clrs t attract(吸引) the animals they feed n.
S, we can see that there may be many different reasns and uses fr clrs in the natural wrld. Sme uses f clr in nature remain unknwn, but ne thing is fr sure, clr nt nly makes ur planet beautiful but it is als necessary fr ur planet t live n.
246．Paragraph 2 mainly tells us that ______ is/are the cause that makes human skin change clr.
A．feelingsB．pigmentsC．bldD．sunshine
247．Accrding t Paragraph 3, plants can use ______ t attract insects.
A．leavesB．fruitsC．pllenD．clr
248．The underlined wrd “predatrs” in Paragraph 4 refers t animals which ______.
A．hide in secret placesB．kill ther animals fr fd
C．change clr with the sunD．prtect themselves frm danger
249．What is the main purpse f the passage?______
A．T describe animals’ ways f life.B．T encurage us t study clr in nature.
C．T intrduce the uses f clrs fr life n earth.D．T explain the imprtance f prtecting ur planet.
【答案】
246．B
247．D
248．B
249．C
【分析】
自然界中有不同的颜色，这些颜色不仅使我们的星球美丽，在自然界中，颜色有许多不同的原因和用途，它是我们的星球生存的必要。
246．细节理解题。根据第二段“This is because f pigments(色素), which reflect light and make what the eye sees as clrs.”可知，人的皮肤可以有很多不同的颜色，这是因为色素反射光线，使眼睛看到的东西变成了颜色。故选B。
247．细节理解题。根据第三段“The bright clrs f flwers catch the attentin f insects(昆虫), which then carry their pllen(花粉) frm ne flwer t anther.”可知，植物用花朵鲜艳的颜色吸引昆虫。故选D。
248．词义猜测题。根据语境“They prtect themselves with different clrs s as nt t be seen by predatrs.”可知，动物用不同的颜色保护自己，由此可推知predatrs指的是“以某种动物为食的动物”，B选项“杀死其他动物作为食物”符合语境，故选B。
249．推理判断题。短文第一段介绍自然界中有各种各样的颜色，第二、三、四段分别介绍了人类、植物和动物对颜色的使用；最后一段总结了颜色在自然界中的重要性。C选项“介绍颜色对地球上生命的作用”符合文意，故选C。
I2
（2021·浙江嘉兴市·中考真题）
Yu may study differently frm yur friends, but yur study habits are nt wrng!
Kelly and Maria are best friends with a lt in cmmn. They lve ding things tgether, such as ging t mvies and cncerts, shpping, r just sitting at a small cafe. Since they take a lt f the same schl subjects, they wuld lve t study tgether, but they find this impssible. Their wrking styles are s cmpletely different that they can’t be in the same rm while they are studying!
Kelly wuld like t study in a clean, pen space, while Maria wrks best with bks, papers and ther things arund her. Kelly prefers t study in a ttally silent rm, but Maria lves t play music r even have the TV n. Kelly can sit fr hurs withut mving, and ften gets all her hmewrk dne in ne sitting. Maria, hwever, is always getting up, and says that she thinks best when she’s n the mve.
Yu might be asking yurself: which way f studying gets better results? Many peple believe that a silent, tidy setting(环境) is the way t g, ______. Sme research has even shwn that utside nise and untidiness help sme peple fcus(聚焦) their attentin, because it makes them frm a “wall” in their mind arund what they are ding and imprves their fcus.
S, if yu’re a student wh chses t study while sitting at a table in a busy shpping center, dn’t wrry abut it. If yu wrk in ttal silence, that’s OK; t. Judging frm Kelly’s and Maria’s study habits, the best way t study is the way that wrks fr yu. In their very different ways, bth f them d well in schl, and bth finish their wrk within the required time as well.
250．Kelly and Maria are mentined as an example in this passage t______.
A．discuss tw different study habitsB．cmpare the differences in their hbbies
C．shw the imprtance f a gd study habitD．express the writer’s wrry abut their friendship
251．Which f the fllwing is the best t fill in the blank in Paragraph 4?______
A．and they have difficulty in studyB．and it can be true fr mst f them
C．but that desn’t seem necessarily trueD．but nbdy des research n this questin
252．What can we infer frm thc last paragraph f this passage?______
A．Students wh like t study in silence will be mre successful
B．Bth study habits can help students make prgress in their studies.
C．Only a small number f students can study well in a nisy situatin.
D．Friends with different study habits can d better by studying tgether.
253．What can be the best title fr the passage?______
A．Are yu studying the “right” way?
B．Hw can yu imprve yur study habits?
C．Is it pssible fr friends t study well tgether?
D．What are the advantages f different study setfings?
【答案】
250．A
251．C
252．B
253．A
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。每个人的学习方式各不相同，通过实例证明，研究适合你的方式就是最好的学习方式。
250．细节理解题。通读全文可知，凯莉和玛丽亚有各自不同的学习方式，但他们都在学校表现优异，而且都在规定的时间内完成了学业，所以作为这篇文章中的例子，是为了讨论两种不同的学习习惯。故选A。
251．推理判断题。根据前句“Many peple believe that a silent, tidy setting(环境) is the way t g,”后句“Sme research has even shwn that utside nise and untidiness help sme peple fcus(聚焦) their attentin, because it makes them frm a “wall” in their mind arund what they are ding and imprves their fcus.”的语境可推测出，空处应是表示转折，说安静整洁的环境不一定是学习的好方法。故选C。
252．推理判断题。根据文中“Judging frm Kelly’s and Maria’s study habits, the best way t study is the way that wrks fr yu. In their very different ways, bth f them d well in schl, and bth finish their wrk within the required time as well.”可推理出，这两种学习习惯都可以帮助学生在学习上取得进步。故选B。
253．最佳标题。每个人的学习方式各不相同，通过实例证明，研究适合你的方式就是最好的学习方式。故文章的最佳标题应是“你在研究‘正确’的方法吗”。故选A。
J2
（2021·山东德州市·中考真题）
Isn’t fast fd delicius? Aren’t fast fd restaurants cl? ... The answer t these questins is yes.
Hwever, there are grwing facts that fast fd is ne f the wrst parts f mdern life. And studies have shwn that burgers and fried chicken, which we enjy s much, can cause a lt f health prblems.
In spite f (尽管) this, why are fast fd restaurants s attractive(吸引人的)? The first and mst imprtant reasn is that their service is fast. Their staff(员工) are friendly and very smart-lking in their clean and bright unifrms(制服). Mrever, mst fast fd restaurants are near places that peple always pass by. It is s easy t grab a burger and eat n the way t wrk.
Fast fd is ften s cnveniently packed(包装方便) that it will nt cause a mess even if yu stand and eat it. Fast fd restaurants are als very clean. A lt f clever ads(广告) have made them the clest places in twn, but nne f them has ever tld and will never tell yu that t much fast fd is nt gd fr yur health.
Such attractive places are selling junk fd! Isn’t it a pity? Is there a way t change the fast fd restaurants int special places where yu get the best pssible, healthy and fresh fd?
Well, why nt?
As peple realize the health prblems that fast fd causes, it is quite likely that fast fd restaurants may g ut f date. It may happen sner r later.
Therefre, instead f resisting(抵制) fast fd restaurants, a better idea may be t persuade(说服) them t change their menu! Fast fd restaurants can be places t g t when yu want t eat smething that will be gd fr yur bdy. If they culd cmbine(结合) healthy fd with their speed f service, delicius tastes and cmfrtable feelings, that will be the next best thing n the earth fr the human beings!
254．What des “this” in Paragraph 2 refer t?______
A．Fast fd is delicius.B．Fast fd restaurants are cl.
C．Peple enjy fast fd.D．Fast fd can cause health prblems.
255．Fast fd has many advantages EXCEPT that it’s ______.
A．deliciusB．fast
C．healthyD．unhealthy
256．Which wrd can replace the wrd “grab” in Paragraph 3?______
A．mve suddenlyB．get quickly
C．thrw quicklyD．carry carefully
257．Accrding t the passage, ads abut fast fd ______.
A．shw yu all the factsB．dn’t tell yu the whle truth
C．make it hard t buy fast fdD．make fast fd restaurants ut f date
258．The authr advises ______.
A．making the service f fast fd fasterB．resisting fast fd restaurants
C．changing tastes f fast fdD．making fast fd gd fr health
【答案】
254．D
255．D
256．B
257．B
258．D
【分析】
文章讲述了经常吃快餐会对人们的健康有害，但是快餐店却在人们的生活中随处可见，文中还提出了与其抵制快餐店，不如说服他们改变菜单，让人们吃健康的食物。
254．推理判断题。根据“And studies have shwn that burgers and fried chicken, which we enjy s much, can cause a lt f health prblems. In spite f (尽管) this, why are fast fd restaurants s attractive(吸引人的)?”可知，这里说的是尽管快餐会引起健康问题，但是快餐还是很受欢迎，所以“this”指代的是“快餐会导致健康问题”，故选D。
255．细节理解题。根据“Hwever, there are grwing facts that fast fd is ne f the wrst parts f mdern life….can cause a lt f health prblems.”可知，快餐是不健康的，故选D。
256．词义猜测题。根据“mst fast fd restaurants are near places that peple always pass by. It is s easy t grab a burger and eat n the way t wrk.”可知，大多数快餐店都在人们经常经过的地方附近。在上班的路上买个汉堡吃是很容易的。所以单词“grab”指的是“快速地得到”，故选B。
257．细节理解题。根据“A lt f clever ads(广告) have made them the clest places in twn, but nne f them has ever tld and will never tell yu that t much fast fd is nt gd fr yur health.”可知，大部分的快餐广告不会告诉你全部的真相，故选B。
258．细节理解题。根据“Therefre, instead f resisting(抵制) fast fd restaurants, a better idea may be t persuade(说服) them t change their menu!”可知，作者建议与其抵制快餐店，不如说服他们改变菜单，让他们卖健康的食品，故选D。
K2
（2021·安徽中考真题）
D yu ever give up easily in difficult statins? If s, imagine yurself as smene with great abilities, like Batman (蝙蝠侠). It will help yu feel strng. Yu will nt give up easily and will prbably d better. This is called the Batman Effect (效应).
In a study, researchers gave three grups f six-year-ld children a difficult task t cmplete n a cmputer. In Grup One, the children were tld t repeat asking themselves, “Am I wrking hard?” In Grup Tw, the children were tld t ask themselves the same questin in the third persn-as in “Is Sam wrking hard?” And in Grup Three, the children were tld t imagine themselves as Batman and ask themselves “Is Batman wrking hard?” Researchers fund that the children in Grup Three did the best.
Hw can yu make use f the Batman Effect? Imagine yurself as smene wh is the best fr the task yu are ding. If yu’re facing a persnal difficulty, imagine yurself as a wise family member. If yu’re running a race at schl, imagine yurself as a tp runner. In this way, yu can becme a little mre like the persn yu wish t be.
259．Wh tk part in the study?______
A．Sam’s family.B．Difficult persns.
C．Cmputer makers.D．Six-year-ld children.
260．Hw can a by d better in running a race accrding t the text?______
A．By jining a grup.B．By talking with a family member.
C．By answering questins.D．By imagining himself as a tp runner.
261．What is the best title (标题) fr the text?______
A．G and d research!B．Cme and cmplete tasks!
C．I can d it! I’m Batman!D．Yu can help! Yu’re a helper!
【答案】
259．D
260．D
261．C
【分析】
本文主要介绍了减压必备的“蝙蝠侠效应”。
259．细节理解题。根据“In a study, researchers gave three grups f six-year-ld children a difficult task t cmplete n a cmputer”可知，六岁的孩子们参加了这个研究，故选D。
260．细节理解题。根据“If yu’re running a race at schl, imagine yurself as a tp runner”可知，如果你在学校参加赛跑，想象自己是一名顶尖的运动员，故选D。
261．最佳标题。本文围绕“蝙蝠侠效应”来介绍该如何减压，让自己做到最好，所以最符合本文的标题是“我能做到！我是蝙蝠侠！”符合，故选C。
L2
（2021·重庆中考真题）
China has named the natin’s first Mars rver（火星车）ZhuRng. Fr all f us, Zhu Rng is a well-suited name.
In an ancient Chinese stry, Zhu Rng had the face f a man and the bdy f an animal. H rde n tw dragns. When he had a big fight with Gng Gng, the gd f water, Zhu Rng wn. But after the fight, the human wrld came int cmplete darkness. Then he brught fire frm heaven（天国）t the wrld.
“Zhu Rng is regarded as the earliest gd f fire in traditinal Chinese culture,” a space fficial said. “The first Mars rver was named Zhu Rng. The name symblizes（象征）light and hpe fr space explratin（探索）in ur cuntry, and means t guide humans t cntinue explratin.”
After leaving the earth last summer, Zhu Rng circled Mars fr several mnths and landed n it in May. In recent years, ur cuntry has sent up the wrld’s first quantum satellite（量子卫星）, and Chang’e-4 has made a sft landing n the mn. We have made great prgress in space technlgy and will sn start building ur wn space statin.
262．What Zhu Rng brught frm heaven t the wrld was ______.
A．fireB．warsC．waterD．animals
263．Fr China’s space explratin, the name Zhu Rng symblizes ______.
A．a big fightB．cmplete darknessC．light and hpeD．Chinese culture
264．The underlined wrd “it” in the last paragraph refers t “______”.
A．the earthB．MarsC．the mnD．the sun
265．Accrding t the passage, we can infer that ______.
A．Zhu Rng is a bad persn in an ancient Chinese stry
B．China has made great prgress in space technlgy
C．the writer is prud f China’s space technlgy
D．the fficial desn’t like the name Zhu Rng
【答案】
262．A
263．C
264．B
265．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍全国第一个火星探测器——祝融。
262．细节理解题。根据“Then he brught fire frm heaven（天国）t the wrld.”可知，祝融把火从天国带到人间，故选A。
263．细节理解题。根据“The name symblizes（象征）light and hpe fr space explratin（探索）in ur cuntry, and means t guide humans t cntinue explratin.”可知，这个名字象征着我国太空探索的光明和希望，意味着引导人类继续探索，故选C。
264．推理判断题。分析“After leaving the earth last summer, Zhu Rng circled Mars fr several mnths and landed n it in May.”可知，在去年夏天离开地球后，祝融绕火星飞行了几个月，并于5月在火星上着陆。此处it指的是“火星”，故选B。
265．推理判断题。根据“We have made great prgress in space technlgy and will sn start building ur wn space statin.”可知，我们在太空技术上取得了巨大进步，不久将开始建设我们自己的空间站，所以作者为中国的航天技术感到自豪，故选C。
M2
（2021·重庆中考真题）
A new cntact lens（隐形眼镜片） has been develped by scientists frm America, Britain and China. It can check fr illnesses at any time by examining chemical in tears. A new sensr（感应器）is used t achieve the purpse.
Scientists hpe that the imprvement culd help t deal with sudden medical events. Dr Zha Yunlng said. “COVID-19 has had a great influence n the scientific wrld. And we are ding research t help peple deal with similar events in the future.”
When intrducing the new cntact lens, Dr. Gu Shiqi, a researcher at Harvard, said. “In the past, the sensr was put between the layers（层）f the lens. It didn’t have direct cntact（接触） with tears. But ur new sensr is smaller and smarter, it can be fixed t a lens and keep direct cntact with tears. What’s mre, it causes n discmfrt t the eye.”
The cntact lens has nt been put t the market, but researchers are quite sure that it will be welcmed. It is especially useful fr the ld and thse wh may experience sudden medical events.
As sciety develps, scientists are suppsed t develp mre prducts that prvide care and cnvenience（便利） fr peple. The cntact lens is ne f what they are researching n. Earlier, a Califrnia cmpany develped anther kind f cntact lens using LED technlgy. It can shw the health infrmatin n the mbile phne. Steve Sinclair, head f the cmpany, said, “We have t build smething that helps yu when yu need it and stays ff when yu dn’t need it.”
266．Accrding t Dr. Zha Yunlng, they d this research because ______.
A．they are experiencedB．they are asked t d s
C．they want t fight COVID-19D．they want t help peple
267．The advantage f the new sensr is that ______.
A．it is put between lensesB．it s much cheaper
C．it is smaller and smarterD．it can be used fr many years
268．The writer writes the last paragraph by giving ______.
A．an pinin and factsB．an pinin and answers
C．a questin and factsD．a questin and answers
269．The best title f this passage prbably is ______.
A．Sensrs: Science and TechnlgyB．Cntact Lenses and Cnvenience
C．The Mst Useful PrductD．Great Cmpanies f Cntact Lens
【答案】
266．D
267．C
268．A
269．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍了一种新的隐形眼镜片。
266．细节理解题。根据“COVID-19 has had a great influence n the scientific wrld. And we are ding research t help peple deal with similar events in the future.”可知，COVID-19对科学界产生了重大影响，赵正在做研究，以帮助人们在未来处理类似事件。故选D。
267．细节理解题。根据“But ur new sensr is smaller and smarter, it can be fixed t a lens and keep direct cntact with tears.”可知，新传感器更小更智能，可以固定在镜头上，直接与眼泪接触。故选C。
268．细节理解题。分析最后一段内容“Earlier, a Califrnia cmpany develped anther kind f cntact lens using LED technlgy. It can shw the health infrmatin n the mbile phne. Steve Sinclair, head f the cmpany, said, “We have t build smething that helps yu when yu need it and stays ff when yu dn’t need it.””可知，本段通过给出观点和事实进行写作，故选A。
269．最佳标题题。分析全文内容可知，本文主要向我们介绍了一种新的隐形眼镜片。选项B“隐形眼镜和便利性”符合主题，故选B。
M2
（2021·重庆中考真题）
270．The material abve is prbably ______.
A．a stryB．a playC．a pemD．a letter
271．What des the writer advise us t put in the bx?______
A．Happy things.B．Sad things.C．Interesting things.D．Bring things.
272．Accrding t the writer, we’d better keep these things in the bx ______.
A．fr everB．fr a yearC．fr a mnthD．fr a week
273．After cvering the bx with the lid, we can sit n it and ______.
A．cryB．shareC．dreamD．laugh
【答案】
270．C
271．B
272．A
273．D
【分析】
本文是关于如何解决烦恼和痛苦的一首诗歌。
270．推理判断题。根据本文的格式和句式可推断，这是一首诗歌，故选C。
271．细节理解题。根据“Put all yur trubles there”可知，把自己所有的难过，困扰放在这个盒子里，故选B。
272．细节理解题。根据“Keep them fr ever there.”可知，最好让这些东西永远留在盒子里，故选A。
273．细节理解题。根据“Then sit n the lid and laugh”可知，坐在上面大笑，故选D。
N2
（2021·重庆中考真题）
Histrically, mst cars have run n gasline（汽油）, but that may change in the future: cars can als run n ther liquid fuels（液体燃料） and electricity.
Gasline is frm il. The energy in gasline cmes frm hydrcarbns（碳氢化合物）. Gasline prvides great pwer fr cars. Hwever, it causes envirnmental prblems, like air pllutin and temperature rise. S gasline can’t be the best fuel.
Anther chice is electricity. Electricity cars can be as efficient（效能好的） as cars using gasline. And they prduce less pllutin. But electric cars themselves are mre expensive. Gd news is that the cst has been lwer and there are mre and mre places fr the cars t get electricity ever since 2010.
The ther chices are ther liquid fuels. Many f these can be stred in the same places as gasline, and used in the same cars. They can als be friendly t the envirnment.
One way t make such fuels is t get CO2 frm the air and put it in water. Thrugh chemical reactin, hydrcarbns can be created. Hwever, these fuels take up mre space.
Anther way is t make such fuels frm plants which take in carbn frm the air. These fuels are greener in use. But nt all f them can be as efficient as gasline.
Fr a fuel t be the best, peple have t be able t affrd it. Unluckily, almst every green technlgy is mre expensive than that f using gasline. Gvernments and car prducers are ding everything they can t cut dwn the csts. In the end, the best fuel will be bth affrdable fr car users and green fr ur planet.
274．Gasline prvides cars with ______.
A．great pwerB．fresh airC．clean waterD．enugh space
275．Accrding t Paragraph 3, we can infer that electric cars ______.
A．prduce less pllutinB．will becme mre and mre expensive
C．will becme mre ppularD．are mre efficient than thse using gasline
276．The structure f the passage may be ______.
A．B．C．D．
277．What wuld be the best title fr the passage?______
A．Hw D We Prtect Our Planet?B．What Are the Fuels’ Differences?
C．What Is the Best Fuel fr Cars?D．Hw D We Make Fuels fr Cars?
【答案】
274．A
275．C
276．B
277．C
【分析】
本文主要介绍了汽油车和电动车的优势和劣势，以及用其他液体燃料的汽车，并着重介绍了制造这种燃料的方法。
274．细节理解题。根据“Gasline prvides great pwer fr cars”可知，汽油为汽车提供强大的动力，故选A。
275．推理判断题。根据“And they prduce less pllutin”及“Gd news is that the cst has been lwer and there are mre and mre places fr the cars t get electricity ever since 2010”可推断，未来电动车会变得更加受欢迎，故选C。
276．篇章结构题。根据本文的内容可知，第一段总体概括汽车未来的趋势；第二段到第四段分别介绍了汽油车，电动车以及用其他液体燃料汽车的情况；第五段和第六段是根据第四段的内容，再细分介绍了制造其他液体燃料的方法；最后一段总结概括。故选B。
277．最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了汽油车和电动车的优势和劣势，以及用其他液体燃料的汽车，故最适合本文的标题是C选项“汽车最好的燃料是什么”符合，故选C。
O2
（2021·浙江丽水市·中考真题）
Think f space! What cmes t mind? N, I’m nt talking abut planets r aliens. I’m talking abut the space we live in! The wrld is full f different spaces. We can think abut spaces in three different ways: public spaces, private spaces and persnal spaces.
We shuld respect（尊重）all spaces. We shuld respect public spaces. We can’t leave a mess r take anything that desn’t belng t us. It’s imprtant t leave n trace（痕迹）in public spaces. We shuld respect private spaces by asking fr permissin befre entering. And we shuld respect persnal spaces by finding ut hw much space a friend r classmate needs t feel cmfrtable. Respecting all spaces helps make us better peple. It als helps keep ur cmmunity safe and fun.
278．Accrding t the passage, is ______ a private space.
A．the libraryB．the classrmC．yur wn rmD．yur lcal park
279．Peple shuld respect public spaces by ______.
A．bringing everyne tgetherB．asking fr permissin
C．finding ut thers’ feelingsD．leaving n trace in them
280．Frm the passage we knw that ______.
A．persnal spaces belng t everyneB．peple feel the same abut their spaces
C．private spaces make peple uncmfrtableD．peple can think abut spaces in three ways
【答案】
278．C
279．D
280．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍了三种空间：公共空间，私人空间和个人空间。
278．推理判断题。根据“A private space is fr ur wn. We all like spaces that need hmes, where we can relax and stay alne. We are nt allwed t enter a private space freely.”可知，私人空间是属于我们自己的，我们都喜欢需要家的空间，在那里我们可以放松和独处，我们不允许自由进入私人空间。选项C“你自己的房间”与之相符，故选C。
279．细节理解题。根据“We shuld respect public spaces. We can’t leave a mess r take anything that desn’t belng t us. It’s imprtant t leave n trace（痕迹）in public spaces.”可知，我们应该尊重公共空间，我们不能乱丢东西，也不能拿走不属于我们的东西，重要的是不要在公共场所留下任何痕迹。故选D。
280．细节理解题。根据“We can think abut spaces in three different ways: public spaces, private spaces and persnal spaces.”可知，我们可以从三种不同的方式来思考空间。故选D。
P2
（2021·浙江丽水市·中考真题）
Is there smething in yur cmmunity that culd be changed? Is there a persn in yur neighbrhd wh culd ffer help? If yu’re hping fr smene t make a difference, that smene culd be yu!
Vlunteering yur time is a great way t make a difference in yur cmmunity. And yu’ll feel gd abut ding smething that helps peple r imprves the places arund yu.
This past summer, my friends and I nticed hw messy ur neighbrhd park was. We wanted it t be different. We wrked withut parents and teachers t clean up the park. We had a great time making the park even better than befre, and nw the whle neighbrhd is able t share and enjy it again.
Maybe cleaning up a park isn’t yur chice, thugh. N prblem! Yu can turn anything that matters t yu int a vlunteer prject. D yu like playing chess, reading, r spending time with yur pet? Yu can vlunteer t d what yu lve t d. Fr example, yu culd help at an ld peple’s center, simply by talking r playing games with them t make their days better. If yu’re great at math r English. Yu culd vlunteer t be a hmewrk helper at yur schl. Yu’re always needed t walk dgs r play with cats. Or yu can cllect things fr hpeless peple, such as sap and tthbrushes.
Yu see, there is smething fr everyne. Whatever yu d as a vlunteer, yur time will be enjyed and that always feels gd. Kids everywhere are making a difference by vlunteering. Yu can, t!
281．The passage is mainly written fr ______.
A．kids.B．parents.C．teachersD．neighbrs
282．Last summer the writer vlunteered t ______.
A．walk dgsB．teach pupils mathC．talk with the ldD．clean up the park
283．The main idea f Paragraph 4 is that ______.
A．cllecting things has a lt f funB．cleaning up a park isn’t yur chice
C．the ld peple always need helpD．anything can becme a vlunteer jb
284．We can infer（推断）that the writer is full f ______ when writing this passage.
A．thanksB．hpeC．surpriseD．wrries
【答案】
281．A
282．D
283．D
284．B
【分析】
文章大意：本文作者通过自己做志愿者打扫公园的事情，呼吁我们尽自己的所能去做志愿者，从而改变自己周围的环境，并就如何做好志愿者给出了一些意见和建议。
281．推理判断题。根据“If yu’re great at math r English. Yu culd vlunteer t be a hmewrk helper at yur schl.”如果你擅长数学或英语。你可以志愿在你的学校做家庭作业助手。以及“Kids everywhere are making a difference by vlunteering. Yu can, t!”各地的孩子都在通过志愿活动来改变世界。你也可以！可以推知这篇文章主要是写给孩子们的，故选A。
282．细节理解题。根据“This past summer, my friends and I nticed hw messy ur neighbrhd park was. We wanted it t be different. We wrked withut parents and teachers t clean up the park.”去年夏天，我和我的朋友们注意到我们附近的公园有多乱。我们希望它有所不同。我们在没有父母和老师的情况下打扫公园。可知，去年夏天，作者和他的朋友们自愿打扫公园。故选D。
283．推理判断题。根据第四段中的信息“Yu can turn anything that matters t yu int a vlunteer prject.”你可以把任何对你很重要的事情变成一个志愿者项目。结合本段以下的内容，可知本段主要讲述了任何事情都可以成为志愿工作。故选D。
284．推理判断题。根据“Yu see, there is smething fr everyne. Whatever yu d as a vlunteer, yur time will be enjyed and that always feels gd. Kids everywhere are making a difference by vlunteering. Yu can, t!”你看，每个人都有适合自己的东西。无论你做什么作为一个志愿者，你的时间将享受，这总是感觉很好，各地的孩子都在通过志愿活动来改变世界。你也可以！由此可以推知，作者在写这篇文章的时候是充满了希望的。故选B。
Q2
（2021·浙江丽水市·中考真题）
Everybdy enjys acts f kindness. But can yu explain why? Sme peple think kindness is smething ut f lve and care, while thers believe it is just a tl that we use t becme mre ppular. But research shws that being kind can activate（激活）an area f the brain called Striatum. Research als shws that kindness imprves peple’s md（情绪）. But why and hw des it happen? Here are a number f different ways.
Being kind can make smene smile. If yu see yurself smile in a situatin, peple arund yu may be smiling, t. This is especially true fr yur clse friends and family. A kind act makes smene wh is sad feel better. It can als make urselves feel gd. S why nt set ff that chain（链条）f gd feelings t peple arund?
Secndly, being kind starts r develps a scial cnnectin with thers. Kid acts like buying smene a present make friendships strnger. Research has shwn that spending mney n thers may help yu get a strnger feeling f happiness than spending it n yurself. Similarly, charities（慈善） als pen up new circles f peple t cnnect with smene n the ther side f the wrld.
In anther recent research, even children in their first year f secndary schl knw hw being kind makes them feel happy. If ne persn is kind, he r she makes thers in the grup kind. It als lifts everyne’s spirits. Imagine that yu make cakes fr the ffice and it makes thers d it each mnth. Then yu’re getting cakes a lt mre days than prviding them.
The stry desn’t end here. Being kind may imprve yur md, but research has als shwn that if yu’re in a gd md, yu can act much mre kindly. This makes it a wnderful tw-way relatinship. desn’t it?
285．The writer lends in the tpic by ______.
A．telling a stryB．asking questinsC．giving examplesD．making a survey
286．The underlined wrd “It” in Paragraph 2 refers t ______.
A．The situatinB．The familyC．The kind actD．That chain
287．Which f the fllwing best shws the structure f the passage?______
A．B．C．D．
288．If yu were an editr（编辑）, yu’d put the abve passage in “______” f a newspaper.
A．ScienceB．WealthC．InventinD．Culture
【答案】
285．B
286．C
287．C
288．A
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍研究表明善良的几个好处。
285．细节理解题。根据“But why and hw des it happen?”可知，作者通过提问来引出这个话题。故选B。
286．推理判断题。分析“A kind act makes smene wh is sad feel better. It can als make urselves feel gd.”可知，善良的行为会让悲伤的人感觉好一些，它也能让我们感觉良好。此处it指的是“善良的行为”。故选C。
287．篇章结构题。第一段设问，引出文章主题；第二、三、四、五段分别介绍善良让人微笑、善良让开始或发展与他人的社会联系、善良提升每个人的精神以及善良可能会改善你的情绪。全文是总分结构，故选C。
288．推理判断题。本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍研究表明善良可以改善人们的情绪。所以推测应该在“科学”版块，故选A。
R2
（2021·四川自贡市·中考真题）
The Arctic has always been an area f great beauty and mystery, where a lt f mvies and TV shws are made. Here are three f ur favrite Arctic mvies.
Klaus (2019)
Klaus is a family hliday film abut the rigins f Santa Claus, many peple’s favrite ld man at Christmas. Santa is said t live in the Nrth Ple, but in Klaus, he lives in Smeerenburg, a Nrwegian settlement n the island f Svalbard. There, a yung pstman cnvinces the twn’s kids t send letters t the lnely wdsman named Klaus, and in return he will reward them with tys.
Balt (1995)
Based n a true stry, this animated mvie takes place when a deadly disease hits the small twn f Nme, Alaska, US, in 1925. A half-wlf dg named Balt must lead a sled-dg team acrss the snwy expanse t send life-saving medicine t the twn’s citizens hundreds f kilmeters away.
Arctic (2019)
Is there a better place fr a survival (生存) stry than the Arctic? In the film Arctic, ne man must survive in the icy landscape after his plane crashes. He must fish, find water, and build a makeshift camp t stay alive. The film, sht in the cld wilderness f Iceland, shws just hw hard life can be in the Arctic.
289．Which mvie will yu chse if yu are interested in Christmas?______
A．Klaus (2019).B．Balt (1995).C．Arctic (2019).
290．Which wrd best describes the half-wlf dg Balt?______
A．Lively.B．Helpful.C．Outging.
291．Where was the mvie Arctic (2019) sht?______
A．In Smeerenburg.B．In Alaska.C．In Iceland.
【答案】
289．A
290．B
291．C
【分析】
文中介绍了三部最受喜欢的关于北极的电影。
289．细节理解题。根据“Klaus is a family hliday film abut the rigins f Santa Claus, many peple’s favrite ld man at Christmas.”可知《Klaus》是一部关于圣诞老人的电影，对圣诞节感兴趣可以选择这部。故选A。
290．推理判断题。根据“A half-wlf dg named Balt must lead a sled-dg team acrss the snwy expanse t send life-saving medicine t the twn’s citizens hundreds f kilmeters away.”可知Balt带领一支雪橇犬队穿越雪原，为数百公里外的居民送去救命的药物，它是有用的。故选B。
291．细节理解题。根据“The film, sht in the cld wilderness f Iceland, shws just hw hard life can be in the Arctic.”可知电影《北极》拍摄于冰岛。故选C。
S2
（2021·四川自贡市·中考真题）
If yu’re riding in a “lift” r an “elevatr”, r eating “chips” versus “fries”, these wrds all depend n whether yu’re in the UK r US. Althugh they bth speak English, there are many phrases and idims that differ between the cultures.
Fr example, have yu ever just nt been in the md t g ut with friends? In the US yu might say yu dn’t feel like ding that activity, but in the UK yu wuld say, “I can’t be asked.”
Maybe yu’re abut t take a test and feel a little anxius. In the US, yu might say yu are nervus, but in the UK, ne culd say they are “having kittens”. If smene in the UK were feeling they were under pressure, they might say they are “under the csh”.
Even many native English speakers are ften cnfused by the meanings f these terms. Stephanie Stne, a US native, recalls her experience studying in the UK. “Peple wuld ask, ‘Yu all right?’ Fr mnths I thught I lked unwell until I realized it just meant ‘Hw’s it ging?’.”
If yu want t knw mre abut US and UK idims, yu’d better “have a butcher’s hk” at sme phrase bks. It can be quite interesting t find, the equivalent（对应的）phrases in yur wn language.
292．What wuld yu say in America if yu are unwilling t g ut with friends?______
A．I can’t be asked.B．I’m under the csh.C．I dn’t feel like ding that.
293．Hw might Stephanie Stne feel at first when asked ‘Yu all right?’ in the UK?______
A．Surprised.B．Pleased.C．Tired.
294．What des the phrase “have a butcher’s hk” in the last paragraph mean?______
A．Get many skills.B．Have a lk.C．Find sme wrds.
295．What is the text mainly abut?______
A．The meanings f phrases and idims in the UK and US.
B．The histry f phrases and idims in the UK and US.
C．The differences f phrases and idims in the UK and US.
【答案】
292．C
293．A
294．B
295．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国和美国短语和习语的差异。
292．细节理解题。根据“In the US yu might say yu dn’t feel like ding that activity”可知，在美国，如果你不愿意和朋友出去，你会说“你不想做那个活动”，故选C。
293．推理判断题。根据“Peple wuld ask, ‘Yu all right?’ Fr mnths I thught I lked unwell until I realized it just meant ‘Hw’s it ging?’”可知，人们会问“你没事吧？”，几个月来，作者一直觉得自己看起来不太舒服，直到我意识到它只是表示“怎么样了？”所以作者一开始感到惊讶，故选A。
294．词句猜测题。分析“If yu want t knw mre abut US and UK idims, yu’d better ‘have a butcher’s hk’ at sme phrase bks.”可知，如果你想了解更多的英美习语，你最好去看一些习语书。此处“have a butcher’s hk”的意思是“看”的意思，故选B。
295．主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了英国和美国短语和习语的差异。故选C。
U2
（2021·四川自贡市·中考真题）
Named after the “quest fr heavenly truth”, Tianwen 1, China’s first Mars prbe（探测器）, has given us impressive pictures f the red planet. The first high-reslutin（高分辨率的）pictures f Mars taken by Tianwen 1 were made public by the China Natinal Space Administratin（CNSA） n March 4.
“These are the first clse-up pictures f Mars’ surface taken by China, ” said Ba Weimin, a scientist f the Chinese Academy f Sciences.
The pictures were taken at different distances frm Mars. The tw black-and-white pictures were taken by the high-reslutin camera n Tianwen 1 when the prbe was abut 330-350 kilmeters abve the Martian surface. As fr the clr picture, it was taken by Tianwen 1’s medium-reslutin（中分辨率的）camera when the prbe was abut 5, 000 kilmeters abve the red planet. It shws Mars’ Nrth Ple.
The high-reslutin camera can take bth clr and panchrmatic（全色的）pictures. Panchrmatic pictures, which are black and white, are the clearest, having the largest amunt f data fr scientific study, said Liu Tngjie. The medium-reslutin camera, can nly prduce lesser clear pictures. Scientists put the panchrmatic and clr pictures tgether t frm a clear and beautiful clr picture, Liu added.
Tianwen 1, the cuntry’s first independent Mars task, was sent up n July 23, kicking ff the natin’s planetary explratin prgram. The prbe entered its preset rbit abve Mars n Feb 24 and is lking fr a landing site n the planet’s largest plain. The prbe is expected t land n the red planet smetime between May and June.
296．When were the first high-reslutin phts f Mars made public by CNSA?______
A．On Feb 24.B．On March 4.C．On July 23.
297．What des the wrd “It” refer t in paragraph 3?______
A．The clr picture.B．The black-and-white picture.C．The clear and beautiful picture.
298．What d we knw abut the pictures accrding t the text?______
A．The first clse-up pictures f Mars’ surface were taken at different distances frm Mars.
B．The clr pictures have the largest amunt f data fr scientific study.
C．The clearest pictures were taken by the medium-reslutin camera.
299．What will be mst prbably discussed next?______
A．Tianwen 1 will take mre pictures f Mars.
B．Tianwen 1 will land n the red planet, Mars.
C．Tianwen 1 will d sme scientific research n Mars.
【答案】
296．B
297．A
298．A
299．B
【分析】
本文介绍了中国首次火星探测任务及首个火星探测器“天问一号”。
296．细节理解题。根据“The first high-reslutin（高分辨率的）pictures f Mars taken by Tianwen 1 were made public by the China Natinal Space Administratin（CNSA） n March 4.”可知第一张火星的高分辨率照片是在3月4日公布的。故选B。
297．词义推断题。根据划线词的上一句“As fr the clr picture, it was taken by Tianwen 1’s medium-reslutin（中分辨率的）camera when the prbe was abut 5, 000 kilmeters abve the red planet. ”可知it指代的是中分辨率相机拍摄的彩色照片。故选A。
298．细节理解题。根据“The pictures were taken at different distances frm Mars.”可知the pictures指代“These are the first clse-up pictures f Mars’ surface taken by China...”中的特写照片，因此特写照片是从火星不同距离拍摄的。故选A。
299．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“The prbe is expected t land n the red planet smetime between May and June.”可知该探测器预计将在5月至6月之间的某个时候登陆这颗红色星球。因此之后很有可能讨论天问一号登陆火星。故选B。
V2
（2021·四川泸州市·中考真题）
While I was jumping rpe, my smartphne tk a fall t the flr which created cracks (裂缝) n my screen. Hwever, the music kept playing 30 minutes later, I culd see nly ne tenth f my screen while the rest was black. The next mrning, I decided nt t use it fr 24 hurs. I felt a sense f calm that day, which led t my nt using it fr ne week. One week ended up becming 60 days in ttal withut my smartphne.
Here are sme advantages I nticed in this challenge.
—Yu’ll becme “bred”
Withut my phne, I became bred, but my mind went thrugh all kinds f tpics. Bredm（无聊) is a perfect way t create new ideas n a business r prject. When yu are bred, yu allw yur mind t relax t reach all pssibilities.
—Yu’ll be able t reduce yur “wrk” hurs
A survey fund that adults checked their smartphnes 85 times a day, r nce every 10 minutes. As I learned in my challenge, by nt having my smartphne, I fell int deep wrk mre easily, s I cmpleted my tasks in a shrter time.
—Yu’ll imprve yur mental health
Withut my phne, I avided reading negative (负面的) news and cmments. While that helped make a big imprvement in my mental health, the biggest reasn fr it was truly cmmunicating with peple. It brught me mre cnnectins with humans in the real wrld. I went t mre dinners with friends and asked mre questins t strangers.
300．What happened t the writer’s smartphne?
A．It was lst.B．It had n sund.
C．Its music stpped playing.D．Its screen was mstly black.
301．Hw lng did the writer stp using the phne in the end?______
A．Fr 24 hurs.B．Fr ne week.
C．Fr ne mnth.D．Fr sixty days.
302．Bredm is a gd way fr the writer ______.
A．t create new ideasB．t start a business
C．t set up a prjectD．t relax the bdy
303．Withut the smartphne, the writer culd finish the wrk ______.
A．mre terriblyB．mre quickly
C．mre carelesslyD．mre cmfrtably
304．What can imprve peple’s mental health accrding t the passage?______
A．Chatting n the phne.B．Reading negative news.
C．Cmmunicating in the real wrld.D．Aviding meeting friends and strangers.
【答案】
300．D
301．D
302．A
303．B
304．C
【分析】
本文讲述了作者通过自己60天没有用智能手机的经历，讲述了没有智能手机的好处：你会变得无聊；你可以减少你的工作时间；你的心理健康会大有改善。
300．细节理解题。根据“Hwever, the music kept playing 30 minutes later, I culd see nly ne tenth f my screen while the rest was black.”可知，作者的手机屏幕大部分地方都黑屏了。故选D。
301．细节理解题。根据“One week ended up becming 60 days in ttal withut my smartphne.”可知，作者60天没有用智能手机。故选D。
302．细节理解题。根据“Bredm（无聊) is a perfect way t create new ideas n a business r prject.”可知，作者认为无聊是一种在商业或项目上创造新想法的完美方法。故选A。
303．细节理解题。根据“As I learned in my challenge, by nt having my smartphne, I fell int deep wrk mre easily, s I cmpleted my tasks in a shrter time.”可知，由于没有智能手机，作者更容易投入到深入的工作中，所以作者在更短的时间内完成了任务，即作者完成工作更快。故选B。
304．细节理解题。根据“While that helped make a big imprvement in my mental health, the biggest reasn fr it was truly cmmunicating with peple.”可知，作者认为心理健康有了很大的改善的最大的原因是真正与人沟通，即与人在现实中沟通。故选C。
W2
（2021·四川泸州市·中考真题）
Byan Slat has been dreaming f cleaning up the wrld’s ceans fr a lng time.
In 2010, he went n a diving (潜水) vacatin in Greece and was shcked. “I saw mre plastic bags than fish in the water,” he said.
Frm then n, Slat began t pay mre attentin t cean pllutin. He decided t give up higher educatin and set up the Ocean Cleanup, a nn-gvernment rganizatin. Its purpse is t clean up cean rubbish. He has set up the wrld’s first cean cleanup system (系统) with his team.
Every year, ver 8 millin tns f plastic end up in ur ceans, and it can take up t 500 years t break dwn. In 2018, the Wrld Ecnmic Frum predicted that the weight f cean plastic wuld match that f all the fish in ur ceans by 2050. Sea animals easily get caught in plastic. They can’t mve. They can even die if they eat it. Smaller plastic pieces can als enter the fd chain (链) and end up in ur bdies.
Slat’s plan was t create an envirnmentally-friendly, large system t clear ut plastic rubbish frm the cean.
After seven years f tests, n Octber 2nd, 2019, a machine called System 001/B came ut. It successfully caught and cllected a large amunt f plastic rubbish flating in the cean.
Slat and his team are wrking t imprve System 001/B．Their dream is t clear ut 90 percent f all the cean plastic by 2040.
305．What did Byan Slat care mre abut after his vacatin in Greece?______
A．Diving.B．Plastic bags.
C．Ocean pllutin.D．Higher educatin.
306．Hw lng des it take t break dwn 8 millin tns f plastic?______
A．Mre than 7 years.B．Up t 30 years.
C．Less than 40 years.D．Abut 500 years.
307．Frm the predictin f the Wrld Ecnmic Frum in 2018, we can learn ______.
A．little pllutin ends up in the ceanB．cean plastic pllutin is serius
C．animals prefer plasticD．peple like sea fd
308．Hw did System 001/B wrk?______
A．It cllected much plastic rubbish in the cean.
B．It dealt with all the rubbish in the cean.
C．It cleared ut rubbish everywhere.
D．It cleared ut 90% f the plastic.
309．What’s the main idea f the passage?______
A．Animals and humans.B．Plastic prblems.
C．Life in the future.D．Ocean cleanup.
【答案】
305．C
306．D
307．B
308．A
309．B
【分析】
荷兰小伙Byan Slat2010年在希腊潜水时发现了海洋中的塑料垃圾非常多，这令他对海洋污染问题更加重视。他组建了一个名为“海洋清理”的非政府组织，本文主要围绕他为清理海洋中的塑料垃圾所做的事进行叙述。
305．细节理解题。根据“Frm then n, Slat began t pay mre attentin t cean pllutin.”可知，从此，Slat开始更加关注海洋污染问题。故选C。
306．细节理解题。根据“Every year, ver 8 millin tns f plastic end up in ur ceans, and it can take up t 500 years t break dwn.”可知，每年，超过800万吨的塑料最终进入我们的海洋，而分解可能需要长达500年的时间。故选D。
307．细节理解题。根据“In 2018, the Wrld Ecnmic Frum predicted that the weight f cean plastic wuld match that f all the fish in ur ceans by 2050.”可知，2018年，世界经济论坛预测，到2050年，海洋塑料的重量将与我们海洋中所有鱼类的重量相匹配，由此可知，2018年，世界经济论坛预测，海洋塑料污染严重。故选B。
308．细节理解题。根据“It successfully caught and cllected a large amunt f plastic rubbish flating in the cean.”可知，它成功捕获并收集了大量漂浮在海洋中的塑料垃圾。故选A。
309．主旨大意题。根据“Slat and his team are wrking t imprve System 001/B. Their dream is t clear ut 90 percent f all the cean plastic by 2040.”和全文内容可知，本文主要围绕海洋中的塑料垃圾问题，Byan Slat进行了一系列的行动来改善海洋中的塑料垃圾严重问题。故选B。
X2
（2021·四川遂宁市·中考真题）
Several mnths ag, Chinese COVID-19 vaccines（疫苗）were put t use widely. Our gvernment ffers free vaccines t Chinese peple. Here is sme infrmatin yu need t knw.
Hw is the vaccine given?
It is given by injectin（注射）. There are several ways t get injected. Fr the mst cmmn way, yu are suppsed t get it twice. After the first injectin, yu have t get the secnd ne.
Is the vaccine bad fr human bdies?
Sme peple are afraid that the vaccines are dangerus and may make them sick. In fact, the vaccines have been tested fr a lng time. They wn’t cause any disease. Instead, they can prtect ur bdies frm being hurt.
Wh is suitable?
Medical researches have shwn that Chinese vaccines are suitable fr mst peple. And peple aged 18 t 59 wuld be the first nes t get injectins. Our gvernment expects peple ver 60 wh are in gd health t get injected as well. Yu’d better ask dctrs fr advice first.
Shuld we still wear a face mask?
Yes. It takes a few weeks fr the bdy t build the ability t fight the COVID-19 after injectin. Smetimes the vaccines might nt wrk well in the bdy. S it’s best t keep wearing face masks in public and wash yur hands ften.
310．______ can get the COVID-19 vaccines first in China.
A．Peple f all agesB．Peple aged 3 t 17
C．Peple aged 18 t 59D．Peple aged 60 and abve
311．The underlined wrd “disease” means ______ in the passage.
A．illnessB．trubleC．headacheD．pressure
312．Frm the passage, we can knw that the vaccines ______.
A．will make peple sickB．can prtect peple frm being hurt
C．can nly be given in tw waysD．are very expensive
313．Peple shuld still wear masks after injectin because ______.
A．their bdies need time t build the ability
B．the masks can make them mre beautiful
C．they may catch a cld mre easily
D．the masks help the vaccines t wrk
314．This passage mainly talks abut ______.
A．physical healthB．face masksC．dctrs’ adviceD．vaccine injectin
【答案】
310．C
311．A
312．B
313．A
314．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍注射新冠疫苗的几个相关问题。
310．细节理解题。根据“And peple aged 18 t 59 wuld be the first nes t get injectins.”可知，年龄在18到59岁之间的人将首先接受注射。故选C。
311．词义猜测题。分析“In fact, the vaccines have been tested fr a lng time. They wn’t cause any disease. Instead, they can prtect ur bdies frm being hurt.”可知，这些疫苗已经测试了很长时间，它们不会引起任何疾病；相反，它们可以保护我们的身体免受伤害。此处disease的意思是“疾病”，故选A。
312．细节理解题。根据“Instead, they can prtect ur bdies frm being hurt.”可知，疫苗可以保护我们的身体免受伤害。故选B。
313．细节理解题。根据“It takes a few weeks fr the bdy t build the ability t fight the COVID-19 after injectin. Smetimes the vaccines might nt wrk well in the bdy. S it’s best t keep wearing face masks in public”可知，人们在注射后仍然应该戴口罩，因为他们的身体需要时间来建立这种能力。故选A。
314．主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，本文向我们介绍注射新冠疫苗的几个相关问题。故选D。
Y2
（2021·四川遂宁市·中考真题）
What time des yur schl start? D yu wish yu culd get up later every mrning? Yu are nt alne if yur answer is “Yes.” In the US, many middle schl students have the same wish.
In America, many schls start befre 7:30 am. But that may change sn. A new law has been passed in Califrnia. Accrding t the law, middle schls shuld nt start befre 8:00 a.m. The gvernment hpes schl children will have lnger time in bed.
Many scientific studies shw that teenagers are mre active in the afternn and in the evening. Simply telling them t g t bed earlier desn’t wrk well. Mst f them dn’t get enugh sleep because f bad sleeping habits and early schl starting time. They need mre sleep in the mrning. Scientists suggest middle schls shuld start at 8:00 a.m. r later. Students can get well ready t learn and they wn’t fall asleep in class. ______ The change can help imprve students’ grades.
While scientists are happy with the new law, many parents disagree with it. They wn’t be able t send their children t schl befre they g t wrk. They als fear that later schl starting time will lead t later ending time. As a result, their children will have less time t take part in after-schl activities.
It’s gd news that Chinese educatin experts have nticed the prblem and made sme rules abut that. S what’s yur pinin? D yu expect China t pass a similar law?
315．The schls shuldn’t start ______ accrding t the new law in Califrnia.
A．befre 7:30 a.m.B．after 7:30 a.m.C．after 8:00 a.m.D．befre 8:00 a.m.
316．Why dn’t mst f the teenagers get enugh sleep?______
A．Because their parents need them t d husewrk.
B．Because their sleeping habits are bad and schls start early.
C．Because they play cmputer games till late.
D．Because they have t much hmewrk.
317．Which sentence d yu think can be filled in the blank in Paragraph 3?______
A．They can put n weight.B．They will like their teachers.
C．They will jin mre clubs.D．They will pay mre attentin t classes.
318．What can we knw frm the passage?______
A．The gvernment f New Yrk has passed a new law.
B．All the parents disagree with the law.
C．Later schl starting time may lead t fewer after-schl activities.
D．Teenagers are mre active in the mrning.
319．Frm the passage, we can infer (推断) that ______.
A．students shuld have enugh sleeping time in the writer’s pinin
B．students in Califrnia will have less sleeping time
C．Chinese experts aren’t wrried abut students’ sleeping time
D．China has already passed a similar law
【答案】
315．D
316．B
317．D
318．C
319．A
【分析】
美国加利福尼亚州通过了一项法规，该法规规定中学生不得早于8点开始上课，给学生更多的睡眠时间。对此，科学家和家长给出了他们的看法。
315．细节理解题。根据“A new law has been passed in Califrnia. Accrding t the law, middle schls shuld nt start befre 8:00 a.m.”可知根据加州的新法律，学校在早上8点之前不能上课。故选D。
316．细节理解题。根据“Mst f them dn’t get enugh sleep because f bad sleeping habits and early schl starting time.”可知大多数青少年睡眠不足是因为他们的睡眠习惯不好，学校开始上课得早。故选B。
317．推理判断题。根据“Students can get well ready t learn and they wn’t fall asleep in class. ... The change can help imprve students’ grades.”可知开始上课时间晚能使学生为学习做好准备，在课堂上不睡觉，这讲使他们更专注于课堂，从而取得好成绩。D项符合语境。故选D。
318．细节理解题。根据“They als fear that later schl starting time will lead t later ending time. As a result, their children will have less time t take part in after-schl activities.”可知上学时间推迟可能会导致课外活动减少。故选C。
319．推理判断题。根据“It’s gd news that Chinese educatin experts have nticed the prblem and made sme rules abut that.”可知作者认为中国教育专家开始关注上课开始时间是好消息，由此推出作者认为学生应该有足够的睡眠时间。故选A。
Z2
（2021·浙江湖州市·中考真题）
The first emperr f China, Qin Shihuang, cmpleted a huge number f prjects during his rule. Between 221 and 210 B．C．, he started the building f the Great Wall. The emperr als rdered the building f a huge army f life-sized terractta sldiers（士兵）. These, he hped, wuld prtect his tmb after his death.
Lst in Time
The sldiers in Xi’an’s terractta museum are tday light brwn, but they weren’t always. They began as an army f red, blue, yellw, green, white, and purple. Sadly, mst f the clrs did nt last t the present day. After being expsed（暴露）t air during digging, the cating under the paint began t fall ff. The paint disappeared in less time than it takes t bil an egg, taking away with it imprtant pieces f histry.
New Technlgy
Nw new technlgy is starting t shw the army’s true clrs. Archelgists（考古学家）have recently discvered an area with mre than a hundred sldiers. Many f these still have their painted features, including black hair, pink faces, and black r brwn eyes. Chinese and German researchers have develped a chemical liquid（液体）t help save the sldiers’ clrs. After finding a sldier r anther art piece, archelgists put the liquid n it. They then cver it in plastic.
Back t Life
Archelgists are als finding clrs in the dirt arund the sldiers. It’s imprtant nt t d anything with the dirt, s the clrs wn’t be lst. “We are treating the dirt as an art piece,” says Rng B, the museum’s leading archelgist. The next challenge, says Rng B, is t find a way t use the clrs nt the army-again. Once that happens, artists can bring Emperr Qin’s army back t its full, bright clrs.
320．What is the passage mainly abut?______
A．The death f Emperr Qin Shihuang.
B．Hw the terractta army was clred.
C．The true clrs f the terractta sldiers.
D．Hw the sldiers lived during Qin Dynasty.
321．What des the underlined wrd “they” in the passage refer t?______
A．Archelgists.B．Artists.C．Researchers.D．Sldier.
322．Which statement wuld Rng B prbably agree?______
A．The sldiers shuld stay in their present, brwn clr.
B．Peple shuld try t bring back the army’s bright clrs.
C．Archelgists can nly guess at the sldiers’ true clrs.
D．Artists shuld be able t paint the sldiers in clrs they want.
【答案】
320．C
321．A
322．B
【分析】
兵马俑中国的第一个皇帝秦始皇在位期间曾下令建造的，它原本是有颜色的，但在挖掘过程中暴露在空气中后，油漆下面的涂层开始脱落。幸运的是有了现代技术，艺术家们有望让兵马俑重现绚丽的色彩。
320．主旨大意题。根据文意和短文第二段“The sldiers in Xi’an’s terractta museum are tday light brwn, but they weren’t always. They began as an army f red, blue, yellw, green, white, and purple.”可知，文章开头引出了兵马俑，并告诉我们兵马俑本来是有颜色的，但今天我们看到的却是棕色的。文章分析了造成这种结果的原因，并介绍利用现代的新技术，兵马俑的颜色有望重新恢复。C选项“兵马俑真正的颜色”最符合文章大意，故选C。
321．细节理解题。根据语境上句话“After finding a sldier r anther art piece, archelgists put the liquid n it.”提到考古学家们在发现兵马俑或其他艺术品后，把液体放在上面。这句话中“他们用塑料覆盖”They指代的就是“考古学家”，故选A。
322．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The next challenge, says Rng B, is t find a way t use the clrs nt the army-again. Once that happens, artists can bring Emperr Qin’s army back t its full, bright clrs.”可知，Rng B说下一个挑战是找到一种方法再次在军队中使用这些颜色，然后让秦始皇的军队重现其绚丽的色彩。B选项“人们应该试着恢复军队鲜艳的颜色”与Rng B观点一致。故选B。
A3
（2021·浙江湖州市·中考真题）
Why is it that the peple yu meet when backpacking (背包旅行) seem t be mre interesting and utging than yur friends at hme? That’s my experience, anyway. Very ften, yu’ll meet peple that are fun t travel with and wrth getting t knw. I’ve spent time with peple f many cuntries and have fund ut sme interesting things abut their cultures. It’s a great way t learn mre abut the wrld.
It’s ften easy t make new friends while yu’re traveling, and yu’ll be able t hang arund with them fr a few days, until ne f yu leaves fr the next exciting place. Relatinships f this kind are shrter but can be just as strng as friendships back hme, because yu d s much tgether in that shrt time. I ften find I like t share things abut myself that I’d never say t my clse friends. It is safe, I think, because we prbably wn’t meet again, except nline.
One thing that’s imprtant when yu’re backpacking is t make sure yu carry nly basic needs, s yur backpack isn’t t heavy. I travel “light” these days. One gd tip smene gave me is t take ld clthes and just thrw them away when yu mve n, instead f washing and waiting fr things t dry. Many hstels (小旅社) dn’t prvide shamp and shwer gel. Yu can get mini bttles in supermarkets.
I’ve discvered that many backpackers visit little places ther turists dn’t g t, and by using lcal shps and guest huses, they help thse places with much-needed financial (经济上的) supprt. Mst small guest huses allw yu t stay fr unlimited time, s yu can spend as lng as yu like explring the lcal area. Backpackers are als kinder t the envirnment, because they use trains and buses rather than cars. S, what are yu waiting fr?
(By Andy Rbinsn)
323．Accrding t Andy, friendships made with ther backpackers ______
A．are less serius than thse with his friends at hme
B．end at the mment they separate frm each ther
C．help him t decide where he wuld like t travel t
D．allw him t talk abut himself in an hnest way
324．Which text message wuld Andy send t a friend? ______
A．“Why dn’t yu fly ut t visit me? We’ll stay in a famus htel n the cast.”
B．“I’m leaving here tmrrw and then I will drive a car alng the cast.”
C．“I’ve met sme great peple. Tmrrw we’re ging by bat t an ancient village in the muntains tgether.”
D．“I’m glad I filled up my backpack — I’ve gt everything I need, thugh it isn’t easy t carry it arund!”
325．The best title fr the passage can be ______.
A．Friendships n the WayB．Traveling with a Backpack
C．A Backpacking ExperienceD．Tips n Travel
【答案】
323．D
324．C
325．B
【分析】
文中主要介绍了背包旅行的相关内容。
323．细节理解题。根据“I ften find I like t share things abut myself that I’d never say t my clse friends.”可知与其他背包客建立的友谊让Andy能够诚实地谈论自己。故选D。
324．推理判断题。根据“Very ften, yu’ll meet peple that are fun t travel with and wrth getting t knw.”可知Andy旅行时可能会遇到能一起旅行的人；再由“I’ve discvered that many backpackers visit little places ther turists dn’t g t”可知Andy可能会去其他游客很少去的小地方参观；又由“Backpackers are als kinder t the envirnment”可知Andy会选择对环境有益的交通工具，由此可推出他会给朋友们发送这样一封邮件“我遇到了一些很棒的人。明天我们一起乘船去山里的一个古村落。”故选C。
325．标题归纳题。通读全文内容可知文中主要介绍了背包旅行的相关内容，用“Traveling with a Backpack”做标题最合适。故选B。
【2020年】
2020年中考真题英语分项汇编
Passage 1【2020 •广东省】
Once there were many thusands f Gurma Desert (沙漠) elephants in Mali, a cuntry in West Africa. Nw, there are fewer than fur hundred.
Why did the number f the elephants drp s quickly? On the ne hand, the elephants’ main lake, their nly water surce (来源), dried up. On the ther hand, the land which the elephants lived n was verused by humans.
T prtect the elephants’ living envirnment, the Mali Elephant Prject (MEP) was started in 2007. MEP met with lcal peple and helped them make rules f using land and water. As a result, the situatin became better and there was mre fd, frest and grassland.
Hwever, frm 2012 t 2016, paching (偷猎) and illegal trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty-three elephants were lst in 2015 alne, and anther fifty-ne elephant were killed in 2016. “If this situatin ges n, all the Gurma elephants will be killed by 2020,” said a member f MEP.
Luckily, the vice f MEP was heard. Mre rganizatins (组织) have jined tgether t educate the lcal peple that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant paching has drpped t a very lw level. The lcal peple have learned t live peacefully with the elephants, ne f the wildlife treasures in the wrld.
26. MEP was started t ________.
A. raise mre elephants in MaliB. stp the main lake frm drying up
C. discver water surce fr elephantsD. prtect the elephants’ living envirnment
27. What des the wrd “illegal” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese?
A. 公平的B. 亏损的C. 非法的D. 合理的
28. Eighty-three elephants were lst ________.
A. in 2012B. in 2015C. in 2016D. in 2020
29. We can learn frm the last paragraph that ________.
A. the number f rganizatins has drppedB. there is much less elephant paching nw
C. the lcal peple keep the elephants at hmeD. the whle wrld live peacefully with elephants
30. This passage is mainly abut ________.
A. the rules f using land and waterB. the educatin f the lcal peple
C. the wrk f Mali Elephant PrjectD. the situatin f Gurma Desert elephants
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了马里大象项目(MEP)保护大象的举措和努力。
26.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“T prtect the elephants’ living envirnment, the Mali Elephant Prject (MEP) was started in 2007”可知是为了保护大象的居住环境，成立了马里大象项目，故选D。
27,.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据“Eighty-three elephants were lst in 2015 alne, and anther fifty-ne elephant were killed in 2016”可知illegal表达的是贬义，既然是偷猎，那就是违法的，此处指的是“非法的，违法的”。故选C。
28.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Eighty-three elephants were lst in 2015 alne”可知2015年失去83头大象，故选B。
29.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Luckily, the vice f MEP was heard. Mre rganizatins (组织) have jined tgether t educate the lcal peple that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant paching has drpped t a very lw level. The lcal peple have learned t live peacefully with the elephants, ne f the wildlife treasures in the wrld”可知A选项“has drpped”表述错误；B选项表述正确，大象偷猎减少了很多；C选项“keep the elephants at hme”表述错误；D选项“the whle wrld”表述错误。故选B。
30.D【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了马里大象Gurma elephants的现状以及保护措施等等，主旨大意可概括为the situatin f Gurma Desert elephants。故选D。
Passage 2【2020 •广州市】
Hw wuld yu like t build a time machine? Paper, sticks, glue and string are all yu need.Put them tgether t build a kite. A kite cnnects yu t the past.
N ne knws wh flew the first kite. It was prbably smene in China r perhaps Indnesia.Indnesia. Indnesian fishermen hung fishhks n kites and sent them ut t sea t catch fish. Starting 2,000years ag, Chinese farmers flew kites t welcme the New Year and bring gd luck t Earth.
In China, peple als used kites during wartime. One Chinese stry tells hw sldiers put nise makers n kites and flew them at night ver the enemy camp. The enemies were frightened by the nise and ran away.
Abut 1,300 years ag, Chinese travelers tk kites t Japan. Sn kites filled the skies there.Kites reached Thailand abut 700 years ag. During flds, Thai farmers flew kites ver their fields They hped the kites wuld drive away the cluds and stp the rain. Over time, kites flew their way ut f Asia.Tday, kites are a passin all ver the wrld. Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts f the wrld and have great fun.
Over the years,Kites have als helped peple understand the natural wrld.In 1749, fr example, thermmeters were tied t kites t measure temperatures. In 1906, cameras hanging frm kites tk pictures f San Francisc, Califrnia after an earthquake. The phts helped peple plan what t d.
Kites als helped inventrs find ut hw t make airplanes. The Wright brthers studied hw kites flew, which helped them make the first successful airplane.
Since the ancient Chinese first set their kites int the air,peple have lved flying kites. Kites give us ways t celebrate, relax and explre. S g fly a kite! Enjy the feeling f wnder that kite flyers have felt fr centuries.
31. Accrding t the passage, in which cuntries were kites used t make gd wishes?
A. China and Japan.B. China and Thailand.
C. Japan and Indnesia.D. Thailand and Indnesia.
32. Accrding t the Chinese stry, the army used kites t___________.
A. make the enemies leave in fearB. celebrate victries during wartime
C. stp the enemies frm sleeping wellD. carry sldiers t fight against the enemies
33. The underlined wrd “passin”in Paragraph 4 means__________.
A. strng lveB. useful machine
C. happy dreamD. cmmn treasure
34. Hw des the writer develp Paragraph 5?
A. By telling stries.B. By listing numbers.
C. By cmparing facts.D. By giving examples.
35. What’s the purpse f this passage?
A. T shw peple hw t fly kites.
B. T explain hw kites are used in science.
C. T intrduce the rles f kites in histry.
D. T discuss the difference amng kites wrldwide.
本文介绍了风筝在过去所起的作用。自古代中国起，人们就喜欢放风筝。风筝给了我们庆祝、放松和探索的方式。
31.B【解析】推理判断题。根据“Chinese farmers flew kites t welcme the New Year and bring gd luck t Earth.”和“During flds, Thai farmers flew kites ver their fields They hped the kites wuld drive away the cluds and stp the rain.”可知，在中国和泰国，人们用风筝来表达美好的愿望，故选B。
32.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“One Chinese stry tells hw sldiers put nise makers n kites and flew them at night ver the enemy camp. The enemies were frightened by the nise and ran away.”可知，根据一个中国故事所说，军队使用风筝让敌人在恐惧中离开。故选A。
33.A【解析】词义猜测题。strng lve强烈的爱，useful machine有用的机器，happy dream愉快的梦，cmmn treasure共同的财富。根据“Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts f the wrld and have great fun.”可知，人们喜欢风筝，所以passin与A项意思相符。故选A。
34.D【解析】细节理解题。根据“In 1749, fr example,”和“In 1906, cameras hanging frm kites tk pictures f San Francisc, ”可知，作者通过举例子来展开第5段，故选D。
35.C【解析】推理判断题。根据“Over the years,Kites have als helped peple understand the natural wrld.”和“Kites als helped inventrs find ut hw t make airplanes.”可知，本文主要介绍风筝在历史上起的作用，故选C。
Passage 3【2020 •广州市】
Five interesting sprts
Our mst unusual sprts frm arund the wrld
Every cuntry has a natinal sprt and sme ppular sprts are nw played acrss the wrld, Hwever, in mst cuntries, peple als play unusual sprts, with strange r interesting rules. Here are ur tp five unusual sprts frm arund the planet.
Man vs. Hrse Marathn
This race takes place in a small twn in Wales, abut 200 miles frm Lndn. It’s called a marathn (马拉松),but it's actually 35.4km, nt 42.2km like a usual marathn.Peple race against hrses acrss the hills and muntains.It started in 1981, but a human did nt win until 2004.
Camel Wrestling
In Turkey, camel（骆驼）wrestling is a very ld sprt. The largest camel wrestling cmpetitin takes place every year and thusands f peple cme. In the sprt, tw camels fight against each ther. Smetimes the camels d nt want t fight and they run thrugh the crwds, which can be dangerus.
Dragn Bat Racing
Every year in China, thusands f peple watch dragn bat races. A dragn bat is a traditinal Chinese bat with a painted dragn's head n ne end. There can be up t 36 peple r mre racing in each bat in the water. Dragn bat racing is als ppular in sme ther Asian cuntries.
Caber Tss
In this sprt, players cmpete t thrw a large piece f wd called a caber as far as they can. There is n rule abut the size f the caber, but it’s usually the size f a small tree. It’s an ancient Scttish sprt. Visitrs t the UK can check it ut.
Chess Bxing
A gd chess bxer needs t be bth strng and smart. Players play a rund f chess, fllwed by a rund f bxing. There are eleven runds in ttal. Chess bxing was invented in 1992 by an English cmic bk writer. The sprt is mre ppular in England and Germany.
36. What can we learn abut Man vs. Hrse Marathn?
A. it is an utdr sprt.B. It first appeared 16 years ag.
C. N human has ever wn the game.D. It fllws the rules f a usual marathn.
37. Which f the fllwing is mentined abut Camel Wrestling?
A. It shuld be stpped.B. It’s wrth seeing.
C. It s unfair t the animals.D. It’s smetimes dangerus t watch.
38. Which picture best describes Caber Tss?
A. B. C. D.
39. Which sprt is ppular in Asia?
A. Man vs. Hrse Marathn.B. Dragn Bat Racing.
C. Caber Tss.D. Chess Bxing.
40. Hw many sprts have animals as players?
A. 1B. 2.C. 3.D. 4.
文章大意：本文介绍了来自世界各地的五项有趣的运动：人和马的马拉松比赛、骆驼摔跤、赛龙舟、抛竿赛、国际象棋拳击。
36.A【解析】细节理解题。根据Man vs. Hrse Marathn中的信息Peple race against hrses acrss the hills and muntains. 人们和马比赛穿越山丘和山脉。可知人和马的马拉松比赛是一项户外运动，故答案选A。
37.D【解析】细节理解题。根据Camel Wrestling中的信息Smetimes the camels d nt want t fight and they run thrugh the crwds, which can be dangerus.有时骆驼不想打架，它们会在人群中奔跑，这是很危险的。可知有时观看骆驼摔跤是很危险的，故答案选D。
38.C【解析】细节理解题。根据Caber Tss中的信息In this sprt, players cmpete t thrw a large piece f wd called a caber as far as they can. There is n rule abut the size f the caber, but it’s usually the size f a small tree.在这项运动中，选手们要比赛把一大块叫做“木棒”的木头扔到尽可能远的地方。没有关于木柱大小的规定，但通常是一棵小树的大小。结合选项，可知C选项符合题意，故答案选C。
39.B【解析】推理判断题。根据Dragn Bat Racing中的信息Every year in China, thusands f peple watch dragn bat races. 在中国，每年都有成千上万的人观看龙舟比赛。中国是亚洲的一个国家，可知赛龙舟在亚洲流行，故答案选B。
40.B【解析】理解归纳题。根据Man vs. Hrse Marathn中的信息Peple race against hrses acrss the hills and muntains. 人们和马比赛穿越山丘和山脉。以及Camel Wrestling中的信息In the sprt, tw camels fight against each ther. 在这项运动中，两只骆驼互相搏斗。可知有两项运动中有动物作为运动员，故答案选B。
Passage 4【2020 •广州市】
What will astrnauts（宇航员）eat when a space trip takes years?
“Lts f fresh vegetables,” says Dr. Janet Williams, whse team have spent the last 10 years learning hw t grw plants in a space statin. And it’s a gd thing that she has already started her wrk, because space gardening can be really hard.
As usual, astrnaut Gerge White lked int the clsed plant rm. He had planted Dr. Williams’s quick-grwing seedlings in it, but nne f the stems were shwing. He pened the rm t check and fund the prblem. The stems weren’t grwing upward and the rts weren't grwing dwnward. On Earth, gravity（重力）helps a plant’s stems and rts t find “up”and “dwn”. Hwever, in the space statin, there was almst n gravity.
Dr. Williams suggested a slutin: give the plants mre light, as plants als use sunlight t find their way. And it wrked. When the plants had mre light, the stems turned up and the rts went dwn.
Nw Dr. Williams was free t wrry abut the next prblem:Wuld her baby plants live t flwer? Can we grw fd n a space jurney?
Many plants died in the space statin. Dr. Williams thught she knew why: the space plants were hungry fr air. Plants live by taking up CO2 frm the air. Since a plant uses it up in the air arund, the plant needs mving air t bring mre CO2 clse t its surface! On Earth, the air is always mving. Gravity pulls dwn cld air, and warm air rises. And with these air mvements, plants get enugh CO2.
Many earlier experiments with plants in space had used clsed rms.Dr. Williams tried a new greenhuse that had a fan t keep the air mve. The plants lved it. They flwered and even prduced mre seeds. Using Dr. Williams's methd, astrnaut Gerge cmpleted the first seed-t-seed experiment in space, and mved ne plant clser t a garden in space.
“And this,” says Dr.Williams, “is gd news fr lng-term space travel.”
41. Why have Dr. Williams’s team tried t grw plants in space?
A. T prduce fresh air fr astrnauts.
B. T help astrnauts relax themselves.
C. T prvide fd fr lng space jurneys.
D. T make the space garden mre beautiful.
42. Hw did light help slve the prblem mentined in Paragraph 3?
A. It caused the gravity t change.
B. It encuraged the plants t grw faster.
C. It helped the plants t grw in the right directin.
D. It shwed the astrnauts where t plant vegetables.
43. Why did many plants die in the space statin?
A. The light was t strng.
B. There was t much CO2.
C. There was nt enugh rm t grw.
D. The air cnditin was nt gd enugh.
44. The underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 7 refers t________.
A. the mving airB. the clsed rmC. the space jurneyD. the space garden
45. What can we learn abut Dr. Williams’s team frm the passage?
A. They mainly live n fresh vegetables.
B. They have successfully built a space garden.
C. They invented a special fan fr their greenhuse.
D. They have wrked n space gardening fr many years.
这是一篇说明文，文章介绍威廉博士和他的团队在太空中种植植物给太空旅行提供新鲜蔬菜的研究。
41.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段“What will astrnauts eat when a space trip takes years? ‘Lts f fresh vegetables, ’ says Dr. Janet Williams, whse team have spent the last 10 years learning hw t grw plants in a space statin”可知是在太空种植植物是为了给太空旅行提供食物。故选C。
42.C【解析】推理判断题。根据“give the plants mre light, as plants als use sunlight t find their way. And it wrked. When the plants had mre light, the stems turned up and the rts went dwn”可知光线帮助植物按正确的方向生长。故选C。
43.D【解析】细节理解题。根据“the space plants were hungry fr air”可知因为空气不是足够好，所以很多植物在太空死去。故选D。
44.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据“keep the air mve”可知此处it指的是移动的空气the mving air。故选A。
45.D【解析】推理判断题。根据“Many earlier experiments with plants in space had used clsed rms.Dr. Williams tried a new greenhuse that had a fan t keep the air mve.”可知太空种植的钻研有很多年，故选D。
Passage 5【2020 •黔南州】
Our parents are imprtant peple in ur life. They are ur first teachers in ur life. They lve us and help us all the time. But d yu want t get n well with them? Here are sme ways t help yu t be happy with yur parents.
Have fun tgether
Hw much time d yu spend just enjying being with each ther? Ask yur parents t play with yu. G utside tgether, try sme sprts, r g t the mvies.
Be Kind
Little things may bring a lt t yur parents. Make a meal fr them by yurself and that can make yur parents happy.
Ask fr help
When yu are in truble r meet sme sad things, yu can ask yur parents fr help and advice. They will be happy t listen t yu and help yu.
Have a try
Yu dn’t have t be the best but yu need t have a try. They will be happy t see yu have the curage t achieve yur dream. It lets them knw they’re ding a gd jb in helping yu grw up.
31. Why are ur parents imprtant persns fr us?
A They teach us first in class.B. They lve us smetimes.
C. They always give us a hand.D. They are happy all the time.
32. Hw many suggestins des the writer give us in the text?
A. Three.B. Fur.C. Five.D. Six.
33. Hw d yu have fun with yur parents?
A. Read a bk tgether.B. Help with husewrk.
C. Tell them funny things.D. G utside tgether.
34. What shuld yu d if yu have a prblem?
A. Listen t yur teachers.B. Ask yur parents fr help.
C. Turn t yur friends arund.D. Try t be the best f yurself.
35. The best title fr this ad is __________.
A. Hw t Lve and Teach KidsB. Hw t Talk with Yur Parents
C. Hw t Keep Happy with Yur ParentsD. Hw t Try t Be the Best f Yurself
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了孩子应如何与父母和睦相处的一些方法。
31.C【解析】题意：为什么我们的父母对我们来说很重要？细节理解题。根据原文They lve us and help us all the time可知，他们会一直帮助我们。C选项They always give us a hand“他们总是会帮助我们”符合题意，故选C。
32.B【解析】题意：作者在文中给了我们多少条建议？细节理解题根据原文Have fun tgether、Be Kind、Ask fr help、Have a try可知，文中给出了4条建议，故选B。
33.D【解析】题意：和父母在一起时，怎样玩得开心？细节理解题。根据原文Ask yur parents t play with yu. G utside tgether, try sme sprts, r g t the mvies可知，和父母在一起时，可以一起出去玩。D选项G utside tgether“一起出去”符合题意，故选D。
34.B【解析】题意：如果你有问题该怎么办？细节理解题。根据原文When yu are in truble r meet sme sad things, yu can ask yur parents fr help and advice可知，如果遇到了问题，可以去找父母求助。B选项Ask yur parents fr help“向你的父母求助”符合题意，故选B。
35.C【解析】题意：这个广告最好的标题是________。最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了孩子应如何与父母和睦相处的一些方法。C选项Hw t Keep Happy with Yur Parents“如何与父母愉快相处”符合题意，故选C。
Passage 6【2020 •遵义市】
①Chemistry is everywhere in ur daily life. Smetimes it's easy t see. At ther times, it can be very hard t see the everyday chemistry at wrk, but nearly everything yu tuch has sme chemicals (化学物质) in it.
②Chemistry helps t make prducts fr use. Smething as simple as tthpaste has at least three chemicals that keep yur teeth clean. Other things in yur daily life are created by chemistry, such as hair prducts and sap. Withut chemistry, we wuld never have knwn that we need sap t get the il ut f clthes.
③Chemistry als helps us understand the wrld arund us. Thanks t chemistry, we knw bleach (漂白剂) can't be mixed with vinegar (醋), because the mixture can prduce harmful gas.
④Chemistry plays a big rle in fd preparatin. Cking fd causes it t g thrugh a chemical change. That is the reasn why cked fd ften tastes different frm uncked fd. T much r t little f any chemical material makes a difference t the result f baking (烘焙). Fr example, the cake can be t sft r t hard.
⑤Chemistry isn't smething that just lives in a labratry; it's smething that yu meet hundreds f times in life. Knwing hw chemistry wrks will give yu a greater understanding f the life.
31. What can the chemistry in sap help us?
A. T clean the teeth.B. T make the teeth strng.
C. T clean the il ff clthes.D. T make the clthes new.
32. Frm the third paragraph, we knw that ________.
A. we can mix bleach with vinegarB. the mixture can prduce useful gas
C. we can't mix bleach with vinegarD. chemistry can't help us make prducts
33. The furth paragraph mainly tells us that ________.
A. cked fd is much better than uncked fd
B. chemistry plays a big rle in fd preparatin
C. there are n chemical changes while we are cking
D. the cake can't be t sft r t hard with chemistry
34. Which f the fllwing shws the structure (结构) f the passage? (①=Paragraph 1)
A. B. C. D.
35. What's the main idea f the passage?
A. Chemistry and fd.B. Chemistry arund the wrld.
C. Chemistry and prducts.D. Chemistry in everyday life.
这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述化学物质无处不在；讲述化学物质的用途；知道化学的原理能够更好地理解生活。
31.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Withut chemistry, we wuld never have knwn that we need sap t get the il ut f clthes.”可知肥皂里的化学物质可以帮助我们清洗衣服上的油渍。故选C。
32.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thanks t chemistry, we knw bleach (漂白剂) can't be mixed with vinegar (醋), because the mixture can prduce harmful gas”可知漂白剂和醋不能混合，因为会产生有害的气体。故选C。
33.B【解析】段落大意题。根据第四段第一句“Chemistry plays a big rle in fd preparatin”可知这一段主要讲述化学物质在食物准备上的重要作用。故选B。
34.A【解析】文章结构题。文章的第一段主要讲述化学物质无处不在。第二段到第四段讲述化学物质的用途，第五段总结化学物质是生活中常见的东西，知道化学的原理能够更好地理解生活。故选A。
35.D【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要讲述化学物质在日常生活中的用途和作用。可概括为Chemistry in everyday life。故选D。
Passage 7【2020 •海南省】
The traditinal Chinese calendar divides the year int 24 slar terms. In China, the 24 slar terms were created thusands f years ag t guide agricultural（农业）prductin. But slar term culture is still useful tday t guide peple's lives thrugh cultural activities and special fds that g with each term.
Great Heat, the 12th slar term f the year, begins this year n July 22 and ends n August 6. During Great Heat, mst parts f China enter the httest seasn f the year. Here is smething yu shuld knw abut Great Heat.
Great Heat is a seasn f harvesting（收割）. During this time, the sunshine, high temperatures, and heavy rainfall are gd fr the plants. But many natural disasters als happen. S, it's imprtant t harvest and plant in time.
Sending the Great Heat ship is a traditin in Taizhu. The ship is full f all kinds f meat. Mre than 50 fishermen take turns carrying the ship as they walk thrugh the streets. The ship will finally be pulled ut f the prt and burned at sea. Peple believe that is a symbl f gd harvests and health.
Great Heat is a seasn with mst crickets（蟋蟀）in the cuntryside. Cricket fighting is ppular game fr sme peple in China during this perid. The custm dates back ver 1,000 years ag.
Peple in different places enjy different fd. Fr example, in suthern Shandng, peple wuld like t drink muttn sup. Grass jelly is very ppular in Guangdng because there is a saying “Eating grass jelly in Great Heat will make yu stay yung.”
41. Ancient Chinese peple created 24 slar terms t ________.
A. keep a healthy lifeB. serve different fdC. help farming
42. Great Heat lasts fr ________days this year.
A. 6B. 16C. 22
43. In Taizhu, peple send the great Heat ship________.
A. just fr funB. t get exerciseC. with gd wishes
44. Accrding t the passage, ________.
A. Great Heat is an imprtant time t harvest and plant
B. cricket fighting games are getting ppular in China nw
C. peple in Guangdng enjy muttn sup during Great Heat
45. Which f the fllwing shws the structure f the passage? (P=Paragraph)
A. B. C.
本文介绍了大暑是一年中重要的一个节气，是收获和种植的重要时间。不同地方在大暑期间有不同的活动。
41.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“In China, the 24 slar terms were created thusands f years ag t guide agricultural（农业的）prductin.”可知，中国古人创造24节气是为了帮助农业。故选C。
42.B【解析】推理判断题。根据“Great Heat, the 12th slar term f the year, begins this year n July 22 and ends n August 6.”可知，今年大暑从7月22日开始，到8月6日结束，一共持续16天，故选B。
43.C【解析】推理判断题。根据“Sending the Great Heat ship is a traditin in Taizhu. believe that is a symbl f gd harvests and health.”可知，在台州，人们带着美好祝愿送走大暑船。故选C。
44.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“Great Heat is a seasn f harvesting（收割） ... it's imprtant t harvest and plant in time.”可知，大暑是收获和种植的重要时间，故选A。
45.A【解析】篇章结构题。根据第1段介绍中国传统历法将一年分为24个节气。第2段介绍大暑是一年中的第12个节气以及大暑的时间。第3-6段介绍人们在大暑期间的活动。因此本文分为三部分：第1段，第2段，第3-6段。故选A。
Passage 8【2020 •吉林省】
China is famus fr tea. Drinking tea is very ppular in China and even arund the wrld. It's said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nng was the first t discver tea as a drink. A few thusand years later, Lu Yu, "the saint f tea", mentined Shen Nng in his bk Cha Jing. The bk describes hw tea plants were grwn and used t make tea.
Nwadays, accrding t different prcessing ways, there are mainly fur kinds f Chinese tea. They are green tea, black tea, Olng tea and scented (有香味的) tea. withut fermentatin (发酵), green tea keeps the riginal clr f the tea. If the green tea is fermented befre baking, it will be black tea. Olng tea is partially (部分的) fermented. And if fragrant flwers are mixed in the tea during the prcessing the scented tea will be made.
Tea is prduced in many different areas in China. Fr example, Xi'an and Hangzhu are widely knwn fr their tea. Tea plants are grwn n the sides f muntains. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent fr prcessing. Later, the tea is packed and sent fr many different cuntries and places arund China.
It's believed that tea was brught t Krea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didn't appear until arund 1660. The tea trade frm China t Western cuntries tk place in the 19th century.
Tea is gd fr peple's health and plays an imprtant rle in Chinese scial life.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
41. Wh discvered tea as a drink first accrding t the passage?
A. Shen Nng.B. Lu Yu.C. Hu Yi.D. Yu Gng.
42. Hw many kinds f Chinese tea are there accrding t different prcessing ways in general?
A. Tw.B. Three.C. Fur.D. Five.
43. What des the underlined wrd "fragrant" mean?
A. 悦耳的B. 难闻的C. 难看的D. 芳香的
44. Which is the right rder t prduce tea?
①Later, the tea is packed.
②When the leaves are ready they are picked by hand and then are sent fr prcessing.
③Then it is sent fr many different cuntries and places arund China.
④Tea plants are grwn n the sides f muntains.
A. ④③②①B. ④②①③C. ④③①②D. ②④①③
45. When did the tea trade frm China t Western cuntries take place?
A. During the 6th and 7th centuries.B. Arund 1660.
C. In the 19th century.D. In the 1990s.
这是一篇说明文，文章讲述中国茶叶的发现，茶叶的种类，茶叶的制作过程以及中国和其他国家的茶叶贸易往来。
41.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Shen Nng was the first t discver tea as a drink”可知神农发现了茶。故选A。
42.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Nwadays, accrding t different prcessing ways, there are mainly fur kinds f Chinese tea”可知根据处理的过程的不同主要有四种茶。故选C。
43.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据“flwers are mixed in the tea during the prcessing the scented tea will be made”可知fragrant表示“有香味的”。故选D。
44.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Tea plants are grwn n the sides f muntains. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent fr prcessing. Later, the tea is packed and sent fr many different cuntries and places arund China”可知顺序是Tea plants are grwn n the sides f muntains .茶树种植在山上。When the leaves are ready they are picked by hand and then are sent fr prcessing. 当茶叶成熟，人们用手摘茶叶将其送去处理。Later, the tea is packed.然后茶叶被包装起来。Then it is sent fr many different cuntries and places arund China.然后送到很多不同的国家和地区。顺序为④②①③。故选B。
45.C【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The tea trade frm China t Western cuntries tk place in the 19th century”中国和西方国家的茶叶贸易发生在19世纪。故选C。
Passage 9【2020 •江苏省淮安市】
Recently children have been tld t buy traditinal alarm clcks instead f mbile phnes t wake them up in the mrning. Schls will advise pupils t turn ff mbile phnes r iPads in the evening t have enugh sleep.
Researchers frm a charity say that using internet-cnnected devices(装置)in the evening can prevent children getting mre rest. Mrever, they suggest that schl children shuld invest in a real alarm clck t make sure that they get a gd night's sleep and arrive at schl n time.
① . The result is that 40% pupils in secndary schls can nw hardly get n well withut these devices. Abut tw-thirds f pupils have a habit f taking mbile phnes t bed at night.
② . The study als shws that girls are mre likely t be attracted by mbile phnes than bys, and ften use the Internet t talk t friends by scial netwrking websites, such as Facebk and Twitter. One girl aged 12 said, "I have been tld that I am addicted(上瘾的)t the Internet, and prefer being nline t being with ther peple."
③ . A girl f 13 tld researchers, "I can't imagine if smene takes my iPad away. I walk arund the huse with it even thugh its' nt turned n. I just like being with it." Anther girl added, "Smetimes I can't sleep withut using the mbile phne at night."
④ . The charity, which was set up t prmte(推动)iPads in the classrm, has nw given five suggestins t prtect children frm being affected by electrnic(电子的)devices.
41. T get a gd night's sleep, schl pupils are asked t buy ________.
A. iPadsB. alarm clcksC. mbile phnesD. electrnic devices
42. The underlined wrds "invest in" in Paragraph(段落)2 mean ________.
A. hand utB. hand inC. spend time nD. spend mney n
43. It is better t put "A study f abut 3000 pupils shws that almst half feel t be cntrlled by electrnic devices" in ________.
A. ①B. ②C. ③D. ④
44. Frm the passage, we can learn that ________.
A. mst pupils turn ff their mbile phnes in the evening
B. using mbile phnes can make children get mre rest
C. ne-third f pupils get used t sleeping with mbile phnes
D girls are mre interested in using mbile phnes than bys
45. What will be talked abut in the fllwing paragraph?
A. Examples f bys.B. Mre infrmatin abut the charity.
C. The tips given t children.D. Instructins abut electrnic devices
这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述慈善机构的机构发现电子设备让孩子们睡眠更少，建议孩子们为了足够的睡觉关掉手机或平板，买传统的闹钟来代替手机在早上叫醒他们。
41.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Recently children have been tld t buy traditinal alarm clcks instead f mbile phnes t wake them up in the mrning”可知学校的学生被要求买传统的闹钟。故选B。
42.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据“buy traditinal alarm clcks”可知invest in表示花钱，相当于spend mney n。故选D。
43.A【解析】推理判断题。“A study f abut 3000 pupils shws that almst half feel t be cntrlled by electrnic devices”大约3000的小学生的研究显示几乎一半感觉被电子设备控制。根据第三段“The result is that 40% pupils in secndary schls can nw hardly get n well withut these devices. Abut tw-thirds f pupils have a habit f taking mbile phnes t bed at night”40%的小学生没有这些设备几乎不能友好相处，大约三分之二的小学生晚上有用手机的习惯。可知此段讲述研究显示出的小学生使用手机的问题。故选A。
44.D【解析】细节理解题。根据“girls are mre likely t be attracted by mbile phnes than bys”可知女孩比男孩更有可能被手机吸引，故选D。
45.C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“has nw given five suggestins t prtect children frm being affected by electrnic devices”机构给了五条建议保护孩子们免受电子设备的影响。可推断下一段将讲述这些建议。故选C。
Passage 10【2020 •南通市】
D yu like Physics r Chemistry? Matter (物质) is always changing, either physically r chemically. If a material ges thrugh a physical change, it is still the same material. During a chemical change, ne kind f matter changes int anther cmpletely different kind f matter. Fr example, when we burn wd r ck fish, materials change. Peple use chemistry every day in the kitchen. The fd we eat has many different natural chemicals. Many f the chemicals in fd are necessary parts f a healthy diet.
Much f the fd we eat has been changed in sme way frm its riginal frm. The changes that fd underges may be chemical r physical. If a change des nt affect the fd’s chemical cmpsitin, we call it a physical change. Fr example, melted (溶解的) cheese has gne thrugh a physical change. It gets sfter when it is heated but it is still the same type f material. Any change that changes the chemicals in the fd is a chemical change. Bread cntains carbhydrates, which are chemicals made up f carbn, hydrgen, and xygen. When bread is baked (烘焙), the carbhydrates break dwn int black carbn and water. The carbn gives the bread a dark clr and a crunchy texture (质地). The water ges int the air.
T get a clser lk at the chemistry f baking, let’s watch hw a carrt cake is made. The main steps f baking any cake are mixing the ingredients (材料) and baking them tgether. In the curse f making cakes, the dry ingredients are mixed first. They are flur, sugar, salt, baking sda, baking pwder and spices. Flur gives the cake structure. Sugar helps t make it sweet. Salt strengthens the cake batter. Baking pwder and baking sda make the cake rise.
Next, the carrts may be added t the cake. These help give the carrt cake its flavr, texture, and clr. The ther ingredients in the carrt cake are il and eggs. The il makes the cake tender and mist. Eggs serve tw purpses—the whites help the cake t rise, while the ylks (蛋黄) give it a creamy texture. All f these ingredients frm a mixture. This mixture can be separated int its different cmpnents (成分) althugh it is very difficult. Once the cake mixture is frmed, it’s pured int a cake pan and baked in an ven. The heat frm the ven has caused chemical changes t take place. The cake is finished and the ingredients cannt be separated.
38. The material desn’t change when we _______.
A. melt ice creamB. burn paperC. bake apple piesD. ck beef
39. What’s the crrect rder f baking a carrt cake in the passage?
a. Carrts, il and eggs are added. b. The dry ingredients are mixed.
c. The mixture is baked in an ven. d. Baking pwder and sda make the cake rise.
e. Preparing sme dry ingredients. f. The heat frm the ven causes chemical changes.
g. The ingredients cannt be separated. h. The mixture is pured int a pan
A. b-a-h-f-gB. b-h-c-d-fC. e-d-c-a-gD. e-c-a-g-d
40. After reading the passage, we knw that ________.
A. water and carbn can give the cake a dark clr and a crunchy texture
B. peple can separate the mixture f eggs and il int different cmpnents
C. chemicals in different kinds f fd that peple eat are bad fr their health
D. sugar and salt can’t be put int the mixture t make a cake at the same time
41. The passage mainly helps us t _______.
A. lk at the steps f baking cakes clsely
B. learn hw t make carrt cakes at hme
C. have a healthy diet with natural chemicals
D. understand physical and chemical changes
这是一篇说明文，文章通过举例来告诉读者理解物理变化和化学变化。
38.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“If a material ges thrugh a physical change, it is still the same material. During a chemical change, ne kind f matter changes int anther cmpletely different kind f matter. Fr example, when we burn wd r ck fish, materials change”及第二段“Fr example, melted cheese has gne thrugh a physical change. It gets sfter when it is heated but it is still the same type f material”可知溶解的冰淇淋仍是相同的材料，没有发生变化。燃烧的纸、烹饪苹果派和烹饪牛排发生了物质的变化，故选A。
39.A【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In the curse f making cakes, the dry ingredients are mixed first”，最后一段 “Next, the carrts may be added t the cake” ，“The ther ingredients in the carrt cake are il and eggs” ，“Once the cake mixture is frmed, it’s pured int a cake pan and baked in an ven” ，“The heat frm the ven has caused chemical changes t take place” 及“The cake is finished and the ingredients cannt be separated”可知顺序是The dry ingredients are mixed干的材料被混合； Carrts, il and eggs are added添加胡萝卜、油和鸡蛋；The mixture is pured int a pan 混合物倒入平底锅；The heat frm the ven causes chemical changes 烤炉的热量引起化学变化； The ingredients cannt be separated材料不能被分开，正确的顺序是b-a-h-f-g，故选A。
40.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“The carbn gives the bread a dark clr and a crunchy texture (质地). The water ges int the air” 可知只有碳让面包颜色变深，变得松脆。A选项表述错误。 根据最后一段“This mixture can be separated int its different cmpnents” 可知B选项表述正确。 根据第一段“The fd we eat has many different natural chemicals. Many f the chemicals in fd are necessary parts f a healthy die” 食物中的化学物质是健康饮食里的必要部分，C选项“bad”表述错误。根据倒数第二段“In the curse f making cakes, the dry ingredients are mixed first. They are flur, sugar, salt, baking sda, baking pwder and spices. Flur gives the cake structure. Sugar helps t make it sweet. Salt strengthens the cake batter”盐和糖都可以被放进去，D选项表述错误。故选B。
41.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“D yu like Physics r Chemistry? Matter is always changing, either physically r chemically”可知文章主要告诉读者理解物理变化和化学变化。故选D。
Passage 11【2020 •青岛市】

Wild beavers (河狸) are back! Experts say that the wild beaver families are ding well. The beavers are even bsting wildlife and the envirnment!
Over ten years ag, a family f beavers turned up in a part f the river Otter, in Devn. N ne knew exactly where they came frm. It was a big surprise, wild beavers hadn't lived in England fr arund 400 years!
In 2015, the gvernment allwed the beavers t stay there as part f a trial (试验). They wanted t see if these animals culd be reintrduced t the wild. The trial ends in February. Sme scientists frm the University f Exeter already say the beavers help the wildlife in the area. One scientist called it "an amazing stry".
A lt f this is because f dams. Beavers build dams alng the river. This creates deep pls in the riverbed and slws the water dwn. Scientists say this is perfect fr many different types f plants and animals! Many plants are grwing near the beavers. Different types f animals are als becming mre and mre in the river. Beavers als help make flding less, scientists say. The beavers' dams slw dwn the speed f the river, especially after heavy rain.
There are, hwever, sme prblems. Beavers gnaw (咬,啃)n trees and this can harm them. Their dams can als smetimes create flds (洪水) n peple's land.
Beavers aren't the nly animals that are being reintrduced t the wild! In 2019, red squirrels were brught back t an area f the Scttish Highlands. Further away, the wrld's rarest (罕见的) duck, the Madagascar pchard, is making a cmeback. It was set free int the wild n the African island in 2019 and is ding well.
Wh knws what ther animals might be making a cmeback?
26. Which f the fllwing best explains "bsting" in paragraph 1?
A. buildingB. spreadingC. helpingD. creating
27. Why did the gvernment want a trial first? Because they wanted t ________.
A. grw mre plants alng the river
B. build dams fr the beavers in the wild
C. intrduce the beavers t the wild
D. see if the beavers culd be reintrduced t the wild
28. What are the gd things abut wild beavers living n the river Otter?
A. They help plants grw and make flding less.B. They bring heavy rain and flds.
C. They gnaw n trees and harm them.D. Their dams create flds n peple's land.
29. Hw many kinds f animals are mentined in the news stry which have been reintrduced t the wild?
A. One.B. Tw.C. Three.D. Fur.
30. Hw d yu think animal lvers feel abut the news?
A. Embarrassed.B. Pleased.C. Tired.D. Disappinted.
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几种重新引入到野外的野生动物，以野生河狸为例说明了重新被引入到野外的野生动物状况良好，并介绍了其对环境发展的促进作用和不良影响。
26.C【解析】词句猜测题。building建造；spreading传播；helping帮助；creating创造。根据第三段“the beavers help the wildlife in the area”可知，野生河狸帮助了该地区的野生动物，故野生河狸可以促进野生动物和环境的发展，故划线部分bsting意为“促进、提高”，可以用help“帮助”解释，即野生河狸帮助了野生动物和环境的发展。故选C。
27.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“They wanted t see if these animals culd be reintrduced t the wild”可知，政府想要先做一个试验的目的是看这些野生河狸能否被重新引入野外。故选D。
28.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Many plants are grwing near the beavers…Beavers als help make flding less”可知，野生河狸能够帮助植物生长，并减少洪水的发生，这是野生河狸带来的好处，其余的诸如引发洪水和啃咬树木，这些都是坏处。故选A。
29.C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Beavers aren't the nly animals…red squirrels were brught back…the wrld's rarest duck, the Madagascar pchard, is making a cmeback”可知，文中一共提到了三种被重新引入到野外的动物，分别是河狸、红松鼠和马达加斯加麻鸭。故选C。
30.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“It was a big surprise”及全文内容可知，对于动物爱好者来说，野生动物重新被引入到野外的消息无疑是让他们非常高兴的。故选B。
Passage 12【2020 •青岛市】
Part f Earth's beauty cmes frm its ceans. Ocean scientists study the chemical make-up f the cean, weather patterns, the gegraphy f the cean flr, and many ther areas. Their wrk is exciting, althugh smetimes dangerus. Using technlgy t d certain tasks helps. Fr example, rbtic arms are used fr very dangerus tasks.
One basic part f cean study is understanding waves and hw they wrk. Wind is the great maker f waves. The waves we knw are mstly prduced by winds blwing ver the sea. They are directly cnnected with the wind speed and the time that wind lasts.
Smetimes cean life can be seen in the wave. Living things seem t be staying within the wave, mving slwly inside it as if they were weightless. Besides the beauty f waves, scientists are interested in their technical ways. The diagram f waves shws hw scientists examine waves. Waves are measured (测量) frm the tp (crest) t the bttm (trugh). This allws scientists t find ut the height f a wave. They als measure waves frm crest t crest t determine (测定) the length f a wave.
During serius strms, huge waves might cut a sea ship apart. Ships are at great risk f winding up as brken pieces after being hit by the frce f a huge wave. By understanding the cean, scientists can prevent this breakup f ships by predicting when the water will be t dangerus fr peple and their ships. The study f waves and the cean als allws scientists t make sure hw certain beaches were frmed. By studying the ceans, a great deal can be learned abut the surface we live n.
31. Why are rbtic arms used? Because ________.
A. certain tasks are very dangerusB. the tasks are exciting
C. the ceans are beautifulD. there are many studying areas
32. What can we learn frm the secnd paragraph?
A. Waves can make wind.B. Mst waves are prduced by winds.
C. Scientists make mst waves.D. Waves have nthing t d with wind.
33. What is the meaning f "the length f a wave" accrding t paragraph 3?
A. The beauty f huge waves.
B. The technical way t study the sea.
C. The distance frm crest t crest f a wave.
D. The distance frm the tp t the bttm f a wave.
34. Which f the fllwing statements are right accrding t the passage?
① Scientists can decide the weather patterns.
②We can't find living things in the waves.
③By studying the cean, scientists can prevent the breakup f ships.
④The study f waves helps scientists knw hw certain beaches were frmed.
A. ①③B. ②④C. ③④D. ②③
35. Where is the passage prbably frm?
A. A diary entry.B. A fairy tale.C. A travel guide.D. A science magazine.
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍科学家对于海洋和波浪的研究，并介绍了研究的作用和意义。
31.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“Fr example, rbtic arms are used fr very dangerus tasks”可知机械手臂被使用在非常危险的任务里。故选A。
32.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“The waves we knw are mstly prduced by winds blwing ver the sea. They are directly cnnected with the wind speed and the time that wind lasts”波浪大多数是风形成的，故选B。
33.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段“They als measure waves frm crest t crest t determine”可知the length f a wave指的是 “waves frm crest t crest”从波峰到波峰的距离。故选C。
34.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段“scientists can prevent this breakup f ships by predicting when the water will be t dangerus fr peple and their ships. The study f waves and the cean als allws scientists t make sure hw certain beaches were frmed.”通过海洋的研究，科学家能阻止轮船的破裂，研究波浪的研究能帮助科学家了解特定的海滩是如何形成的，③④表述正确。故选C。
35.D【解析】推理判断题。文章主要介绍的是科学家对于海洋和波浪的研究，可推断来自于科学杂志。故选D。
Passage 13【2020 •山东日照】
Yu might nt think much abut where yur garbage ges. But nw yu might want t knw. On July 1, Shanghai intrduced a new garbage-srting plicy (垃圾分类政策). Peple there need t put different kinds f garbage int different bins. Other cities in China will d the same sn.
Garbage srting is a big prblem because there is t much garbage these days. It is bad fr ur envirnment. In fact, we can make use f sme garbage again. But first, we need t srt it.
Fr example, if yu put an ld battery (电池) int the "harmful waste" bin, peple can use it t make new batteries. But if yu dn't, the battery will end up smewhere else. Then, it will pllute the envirnment.
Garbage srting and recycling arund the wrld
Germany: There are big machines in supermarkets. Yu can put bttles in the machines and get mney back.
Japan: A truck playing music cmes t peple's drs t pick up their garbage. There are eight r mre kinds f garbage. If yu srt any f them wrng, yu will get a ntice n yur dr.
Indnesia: Peple can take buses fr free if they give plastic bttles t bus-statins. An hur-lng bus ride csts three large bttles.
Fur kinds f garbage in Shanghai
Recyclable garbage includes paper, bks, plastic items, and glass bttles. Harmful garbage includes lamps, batteries, and ther things with harmful chemicals (化学品). Wet garbage usually cmes frm the kitchen, such as fd and vegetables. Dry garbage is anything yu cannt put int the ther three bins, pens and twels, fr example.
31. What can we learn frm Paragraph 1?
A. Many cuntries take Shanghai's garbage-srting plicy.
B. Many ther cities in China have garbage-srting plicies.
C. Shanghai is the first city in China t make a garbage-srting plicy.
D. China is the first cuntry in the wrld t make a garbage-srting plicy.
32. The writer gives the "battery" example t tell us ________.
A. hw t srt ur garbageB. hw imprtant srting is
C. what harmful waste isD. hw difficult srting is
33. If yu ________, yu can take a free bus ride in Indnesia.
A. put bttles in a machineB. take plastic bttles t the statin
C. get a ntice n, the drD. put garbage int different bins
34. Which bin shuld "newspapers" g t?
A. B. C. D.
35. Which is the best title fr the passage?
A. Srt Garbage, Save EarthB. Less Garbage, Cleaner Envirnment
C. Clean Shanghai, Beautiful ChinaD. Different Cuntries, Different Plicies
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了垃圾分类的原因，并介绍了世界部分国家和地区的垃圾分类和回收。通过垃圾分类，拯救我们的地球。
31.C【解析】推理判断题。根据On July 1, Shanghai intrduced a new garbage-srting plicy. Peple there need t put different kinds f garbage int different bins. Other cities in China will d the same sn. 7月1日，上海出台了一项新的垃圾分类政策。那里的人们需要把不同种类的垃圾放进不同的垃圾箱。中国的其他城市很快也会这么做。由此可以推断，上海是中国第一个制定垃圾分类政策的城市，故选C。
32.【解析】推理判断题。根据Fr example, if yu put an ld battery int the "harmful waste" bin, peple can use it t make new batteries. But if yu dn't, the battery will end up smewhere else. Then, it will pllute the envirnment. 例如，如果你把一个旧电池放入“有害废物”箱，人们可以用它来制造新电池。但如果你不这样做，电池就会被扔到别的地方。然后，它会污染环境。由此可知，作者举电池的例子，是为了告诉我们垃圾分类的重要性，故选B。
33.B【解析】细节理解题。根据Indnesia: Peple can take buses fr free if they give plastic bttles t bus-statins，可知，在印度尼西亚，如果给公交车站送塑料瓶，人们可以免费乘坐公共汽车，故选B。
34.B【解析】理解判断题。根据Recyclable garbage includes paper, bks, plastic items, and glass bttles. 可回收垃圾包括纸张、书籍、塑料和玻璃瓶。“newspapers报纸”属于纸张，应该放在可回收利用的垃圾箱，结合选项，可知B选项是可回收利用的垃圾箱，故选B。
35.A【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了垃圾分类的原因，并介绍了世界部分国家和地区的垃圾分类和回收。告诉人们通过垃圾分类，来拯救我们的地球。结合选项，可知A选项Srt Garbage, Save Earth“垃圾分类，拯救地球”符合题意，故选A。
Passage 14【2020 •山东日照】
Mbile phnes are ne f the mst useful inventins f the last 50 years, but nt everything that is said abut them is gd. Mbiles are ften believed t be the cause f a number f things frm pr eyesight and headaches t huse fires. There's even ne thery that mbile phnes shuld be respnsible fr the disappearance f bees!
The thery is that the radiatin (辐射) given ff by mbile phnes des great harm t bees' navigatin systems (导航系统). Bees have built-in system a bit like GPS and this helps them find their way back t their hives. But recently, thusands f bees have failed t find their way hme. It is believed they are dying far frm their hives.
The prblem was first nticed by beekeepers in America and is a lt mre serius than it at first seems. The imprtant thing abut bees is that mst f the crps in many cuntries f the wrld are pllinated by them. Withut bees, the crps can't cntinue t grw. Many beekeepers in Eurpe have reprted lsing between 50 and 70 percent f their bees. Jim Piper, Lndn beekeeper, said t the reprter, "My business is becming wrse. Twenty-nine f my frty hives are nw empty."
Nbdy knws fr sure whether the thery is true r nt, but it's a fact that bees are disappearing in very large numbers. And we can't manage withut them. Einstein said that if all ur bees disappeared, man wuld nly live fr fur mre years! If the mbile phne thery is crrect, we need t d smething abut it right nw—befre it's t late.
41 What might be caused by mbiles accrding t Paragraph 1?
A. Pr listening.B. The frest fires.C. The disappearance f bees.D. Terrible tthache.
42. What des the thery in the passage say?
A. Bees have GPS inside their bdies.B. Mbiles have an influence n bees' hives.
C. The radiatin makes bees unable t fly.D. The radiatin makes bees lse their way hme.
43. The underlined wrd "pllinate" prbably means "________" in Chinese.
A. 授粉B. 污染C. 啃食D. 催熟
44. What des Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A. Crps will stp grwing.B. Beekeepers' business is getting wrse.
C. Bees' disappearing is a serius prblem.D. Beekeepers in Eurpe fund the prblem first.
45. The authr wrte this passage t ________.
A. call n peple t help beekeepersB. shw hw a bee's built-in system wrks
C. ask peple t stp using mbiles right awayD. warn peple f the pssible harm mbiles d t bees
本文介绍了由于手机的辐射对蜜蜂的导航系统有害，导致很多蜜蜂找不到回家的路。
41.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“There's even ne thery that mbile phnes shuld be respnsible fr the disappearance f bees!”可知，蜜蜂的消失可能是由手机导致的，故选C。
42.D【解析】推理判断题。根据“The thery is that the radiatin (辐射) given ff by mbile phnes des great harm t bees' navigatin systems (导航系统). ”和“ But recently, thusands f bees have failed t find their way hme.”可知，这个理论说手机的辐射让蜜蜂找不到回家的路，故选D。
43.A【解析】词义猜测题。pllinate授粉，pllute污染 ，gnaw啃食，ripen催熟。根据“Withut bees, the crps can't cntinue t grw.”可知，没有蜜蜂，庄稼无法继续生长，因此蜜蜂帮助庄稼授粉，故选A。
44.C【解析】主旨大意题。根据“The prblem was first nticed by beekeepers in America and is a lt mre serius than it at first seems. ”可知，第三段主要告诉我们，蜜蜂的消失是一个严重的问题，故选B。
45.D【解析】推理判断题。根据“There's even ne thery that mbile phnes shuld be respnsible fr the disappearance f bees!”可知，本文警告人们手机对蜜蜂可能造成的伤害，故选D。
Passage 15【2020 •威海市】
Lively music, singing and the sund f beating drums fill the rm. As an rchestra（管弦乐队）plays, perfrmers dressed in clrful cstumes mve acrss the stage（舞台）. Welcme t Chinese pera.
Chinese pera is an imprtant element（元素）f Chinese culture. Mst peras are based n stries frm lng ag. The amazing stage perfrmances are ften set against grand backgrunds. Beautiful paintings, hand mvements and martial arts（武术）help tell these famus stries.
There are mre than 300 frms f Chinese pera, including Beijing Opera, Yue Opera, Yu Opera, Ge Zai Xi and many ther frms. Of all f them, Beijing Opera is the mst famus. Beijing Opera cmbines（合并）singing, dancing and acrbatics. Instruments such as drums, bells and cymbals accmpany（伴奏）the perfrmances.

Facial design
Traditinally, perfrmers used masks（面具）fr their facial design. Tday, hwever, perfrmers use makeup. They paint clrful designs n their faces. These clrs and designs help t create each character. Fr example, a brave character has a red face, while a black face means bld. A yellw and white face represents（代表）smene wh is dishnest.
Cstumes
Cstumes give clues（线索）t the perfrmers’ characters and rles. Audiences（观众）that are familiar with pera will get t knw a stry by the masks and cstumes. Cstumes usually have many designs and clrs. The same cstume can be used in different shws, hwever, it will represent a different character.
Prmting the arts
Many clleges and schls in China desire（渴望）t keep the art f Chinese pera alive. They prvide an educatin system fr talented students. Applicants（应试者）must pass a written test, an auditin（试镜）and an interview and nly the mst prmising students are accepted t study at these clleges and schls. Once accepted int the prgram, students begin a seven-t-twelve-year jurney thrugh the schl. After graduatin, many g n t wrk as prfessinal actrs n stage r in the mvies.
1. Of all frms f Chinese pera, which is the mst famus?
A. Beijing OperaB. Ge Zai XiC. Yu Opera
2. The character with a yellw and white face is________.
A. braveB. dishnestC. bld
3. What des the wrd prmising mean in the passage?
A. 诚信的B. 热情的C. 有前途的
4. Which f the statements is NOT TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. Anyne wh likes Chinese pera can be accepted int the prgram.
B. If a persn knws pera well masks and cstumes will help knw the stry.
C. Once in the prgram, yu have t study fr 7 t 12 year at schl.
5. What is the passage mainly talking abut?
A. Chinese cultureB. Beijing OperaC. Cstumes and facial design
中国戏曲是中国文化的重要元素，而京剧是所有戏剧中最著名的，本文讲述了与京剧有关的服装、脸谱等内容。
1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Of all f them, Beijing Opera is the mst famus.”可知，在所有中国戏曲中，京剧是最著名的。故选A。
2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“A yellw and white face represents smene wh is dishnest.”可知，黄白相间的脸代表不诚实。故选B。
3.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“students are accepted t study at these clleges and schls”可知，应试者要通过笔试、试镜和面试选拔，并且最有前途的学生才会被录取到这些学校学习，所以此处划线部分单词prmising的意思是“有前途的”。故选C。
4.A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“…and nly the mst prmising students are accepted t study at these clleges and schls.”可知，只有最有前途的学生才被接受到这些学校学习，而不是任何喜欢戏曲的人都可以被录取，所以A项错误；根据第五段中“Audiences（观众）that are familiar with pera will get t knw a stry by the masks and cstumes.”可知，熟悉歌剧的观众将通过面具和服装了解一个故事，所以B项正确；根据最后一段中“Once accepted int the prgram, students begin a seven-t-twelve-year jurney thrugh the schl.”可知，一旦被录取，学生们将开始7到12年的学校之旅，所以C项正确。故选A。
5.B【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，中国戏曲是中国文化的重要元素，而京剧是所有戏剧中最著名的，文章讲述了与京剧有关的脸谱、服装等内容，所以文章主要内容与京剧有关。故选B。
Passage 16【2020 •枣庄市】
When ice is n the cean, the plar bears are n the hunt. They are hunting seals. Plar bears need the ice. They can’t catch seals as well in the water, where there is n ice.
In summer, sme f the sea ice becmes water. Nw, hwever, the sea ice is becming water earlier than it used t. There is nt as much time fr the plar bears t hunt fr fd. They shuld have enugh fat in their bdies t keep them frm getting hungry. Sme plar bears, hwever, haven’t been able t get enugh t eat. By the end f the summer, they are ging t die.
Scientists want t learn all they can abut plar bears and hw they can help them. T help the bears, they have t d tests. It is difficult, hwever, fr scientists t get clse t the bears. Scientists fly in a helicpter, ver the places where plar bears live. When they ntice a bear, they sht a pinted bject at it. The bject makes the bear g t sleep. While the bear is asleep, the scientists can d their tests. The mst imprtant test is the fat test. If the bear hasn’t eaten fr tw mnths, it wn’t have enugh fat t live n.
Many peple are wrried abut the ice that is becming water. Plar bears have t g further and wrk harder t find fd. If the ice keeps becming water, ne day there might nt be any plar bears.
11. The underlined wrd “hunt” in the first paragraph means: __________
A. 搜集B. 游荡C. 狩猎D. 探索
12. If plar bears want t find fd, what d they need?
A. Fat.B. Ice.C. A pinted bject.D. Water.
13. What’s the main idea f this passage?
A. Plar bears are in great danger.B. Plar bears like hunting fr seals t eat.
C. It’s difficult fr scientists t test bears.D. The ways t help plar bears.
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了因气候变暖，冰川消失，北极熊生存面临的危险。
11.C【解析】题意：第1段画线单词“hunt”的意思是________。词句猜测题。根据原文When ice is n the cean, the plar bears are n the hunt. They are hunting seals可知，北极熊在大洋冰面上捕食。故“hunt”有“捕食、狩猎”之意。故选C。
12.B【解析】题意：如果北极熊想找到食物，他们需要什么？细节理解题。根据原文Plar bears need the ice. They can’t catch seals as well in the water, where there is n ice，北极熊要捕食，就需要有冰。B选项Ice“冰”符合题意，故选B。
13.A【解析】题意：本文的中心思想是什么？主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，介绍了因气候变暖，冰川消失，北极熊生存面临的危险。A选项Plar bears are in great danger“北极熊生存处境危险”符合题意，故选A。
Passage 17【2020 •枣庄市】
D yu get lts f reading tasks as part f yur hmewrk? Yu might wish that yu culd read faster. There are sme peple wh say that yu can learn t read at super-high speeds. But experts disagree n this idea.
"Speed reading is nt actually pssible," said Elizabeth Schtter, a scientist at the University f Suth Flrida, US. Schtter pinted ut that peple wh say that they can teach thers hw t speed read are usually ding it t make mney by selling curses and bks.
In fact, speed reading has been made knwn t peple since 1959, when US educatr Evelyn Wd intrduced a speed reading prgram. Several US presidents have even asked their fficers t take sped reading curses. Hwever, there is n real science behind sped reading.
Schtter explained that reading is a task difficult t finish. It includes fur steps: seeing a wrd, getting back its meaning frm yur memry, cnnecting it t ther wrds. in the same sentence, and then mving n t the next wrd, This prcess uses many parts f the brain at ne time. It can't be sped up.
Sme peple wh say they are able t speed read are simply skimming. Skimming invlves reading a passage quickly and nly lking fr certain wrds r sentences. Skimmers can figure ut the main idea f a passage—especially if it's a tpic they're familiar with—but they will nt be able t remember all the pieces f infrmatin.
S is there a way t becme a faster reader? Research suggests that yu shuld try t imprve the number f yur wrds and simply read mre.
14. Accrding t Schtter, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. It's gd fr students t read at super-high speeds.
B. Speed reading curses are supprted by real science.
C. Reading includes fur steps, it`s nt easy t finish
D. Speed reading curses and bks are useful fr us.
15. What can we knw frm Paragraph 5?
A. Skimmers will nt frget all the pieces f infrmatin.
B. Yu must read the passage carefully when yu are skimming it.
C. Skimming fcuses n all the wrds r sentences f a passage.
D. By skimming skimmers may find the main idea f a passage.
16. Accrding t this passage, hw t read faster?
A. Learn mre wrds and read mre.B. Taking speed reading curses can help.
C. Read mre bks abut sped reading.D. See the wrds at super-high speeds.
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们是否可以快速阅读，文章给出了解释和结论。
14.C【解析】细节理解题。A选项：超高速阅读对学生有好处。根据全文内容可知，文中并没有提到超高速阅读对学生有好处，选项错误；B选项：速读课程有真正的科学支持。根据“Hwever, there is n real science behind sped reading”可知，选项错误；C选项：阅读包括四个步骤，不容易完成。根据“Schtter explained that reading is a task difficult t finish. It includes fur steps”可知，选项正确；D选项：速读课程和书籍对我们很有用。根据“Speed reading is nt actually pssible…make mney by selling curses and bks”可知，关于速读的课程和书籍是没用的，选项错误。故选C。
15.D【解析】细节理解题根据第五段“Skimmers can figure ut the main idea f a passage”可知，略读可以找到文章主旨。故选D。
16.A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Research suggests that yu shuld try t imprve the number f yur wrds and simply read mre”可知，多学习单词、多读书可以让我们更快得阅读。故选A。
Passage 18【2020 •绵阳市】
Terrible weather events are harming the planet, and experts warn f even greater results t cme. The sea ice lss and the Arctic ice melting (融化) caused by climate change have increased much in the last ten years. S they have pushed dwn the number f plar bears and seals while plar bears depend n sea ice fr hunting seals.
Accrding t the data frm the WMO, temperatures n the Antarctica (南极洲) just hit 18.3℃, which is higher than the recrd f 17.59℃ in March, 2015. Mrever, temperatures in this area have warmed abut 3℃ ver the last 50 years. Althugh such temperatures might be cnsidered pleasant fr a picnic r a hiking trip, this is the Antarctica we are talking abut. It is hme t the mst inhspitable envirnment n the planet because it is suppsed t be an extremely cld place. In fact, the average temperature f the cntinent’s central area is -57℃.
Besides, many places are experiencing the extreme weather this summer. Australia is underging its wrst drught (干旱) since the 1930s, leaving bushfires burning s lng and causing many deaths. Meanwhile in Eurpe, crps in the nrthwest are suffering the driest weather in the past 80 years. Recently West Texas in America has als gne thrugh its wrst drught in mre than 70 years, while flds have hit Eastern and Suthern China.
“Climate change is bad fr us human beings, which causes direct health prblems. I’m afraid there will be mre cmmn events like the ne that 30,000 t 50,000 persns died in Eurpe in 2003 due t the heat wave there,” Prfessr Schwartz said. “It will als cause mre air pllutin, diseases and lack f clean water and s n.”
16. What desn’t bring dwn the number f plar bears accrding t this passage?
A. Hunting.B. Climate change.C. The sea ice lss.D. The Arctic ice melting.
17. What can yu get ut f this passage?
A. The Antarctica is pleasant fr a hiking trip.
B. Extreme weather led t wildfires burning in Eurpe.
C. Climate change will cause air pllutin and diseases.
D. The temperatures n the Antarctica hit the highest in March, 2015.
18. What des the underlined wrd “inhspitable" in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. cmfrtable t liveB. friendly t liveC. unhealthy t liveD. unfit t live
19. Which place didn’t experience drught this year?
A Eurpe.B. Australia.C. America.D. China.
20. What is the main idea fr this passage?
A. The whle planet is drier and drier.B. The Antarctica is warmer and warmer.
C. Climate change is getting wrse and wrse.D. The number f plar bears is smaller and smaller.
这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了气候变化对世界各地以及人类造成的危害。
16.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“The sea ice lss and the Arctic ice melting (融化) caused by climate change have increased much in the last ten years. S they have pushed dwn the number f plar bears and seals while plar bears depend n sea ice fr hunting seals.”可知，气候变化造成海上浮冰和北极冰川融化，而北极熊是靠海冰捕食海豹的，所以造成北极熊数量减少的原因不包括捕食，故选A。
17.C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“It will als cause mre air pllutin, diseases and lack f clean water and s n.”可知，气候变化将导致更多的空气污染，疾病和水的缺乏等等，故选C。
18.D【解析】词义猜测题。cmfrtable t live舒适的生活；friendly t live友好的生活；unhealthy t live不健康的生活；unfit t live不适合生活。根据“ because it is suppsed t be an extremely cld place”（因为它应该是一个非常寒冷的地方）可推断，inhspitable在这里的意思是：不适宜居住的，结合选项，故选D。
19.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段全段可知，澳大利亚、欧洲以及美国的西德克萨斯州都遭受了严重的干旱，而中国的东部和南部遭受了洪水，故选D。
20.C【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是气候变化对世界各地以及人类造成的危害，结合选项，故选C。
Passage 19【2020 •云南省】
It might be fun t use yur smartphne, but be careful. T much screen time may be harmful t yur health.
First, it is bad fr yur eyes. A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the prblem cmes frm the blue light that the screen gives ut. Lking at a smartphne fr a lng time can cause eye strain（劳损）, headaches and dry eyes. S it is a gd idea t take a break every 15 minutes when yu are wrking at a cmputer r using a smartphne.
Secnd, screen use can d harm t children’s brains. A new study shws that using screens t much can affect（影响） hw children’s brains grw. If children use screens fr mre than ne hur a day, they might have lwer levels f white matter in their brains. White matter is a key t the develpment f language and reading skills. S it is wise t cut dwn the time f children using all kinds f screens.
Third, using screens t much will affect yur sleep. Accrding t a study, abut 95% f the peple between the ages f 13 and 64 use electrnics befre bed, especially the yung peple under 20. Dctrs say that the light frm thse electrnics at night may make yu excited befre yu g t bed. Then it’s hard fr yu t get enugh sleep. S yu’d better turn ff smartphnes, TVs, and all ther screens an hur befre yur bedtime.
T keep healthy, dctrs and researchers strngly advise that yu shuldn’t use screens fr lng hurs.
36. The blue light frm yur screens can cause ________.
A. eyestrainB. headachesC. dry eyesD. all f the abve
37. Accrding t the passage, yu can’t sleep well because yu ________.
A. take a break every 15 minutesB. have lwer levels f white matter
C. use screens t much befre bedD. are the peple frm 13 t 64
38. Which f the fllwing is NOT true accrding t the passage?
A. Using smartphnes fr lng hurs des harm t yur eyes.
B. A lt f screen time affects children’s brain grwth.
C. The light frm electrnics at night may make yu excited.
D. Peple f all ages mustn’t use electrnics.
39. Yu may read the passage in ________.
A. a science magazineB. a travel diaryC. a guide bkD. a nvel
40. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. The ways t keep healthy.B. The harm f using screens t much.
C. The ways t use screens.D. The advantages f using screens.
这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述的是屏幕使用过多对人的三点危害。
36.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Lking at a smartphne fr a lng time can cause eye strain, headaches and dry eyes”可知长时间看手机会引起眼劳损、头痛和干眼症。故选D。
37.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“using screens t much will affect yur sleep”可知睡觉之前看屏幕太多会影响睡眠。故选C。
38.D【解析】推理判断题。根据“it is bad fr yur eyes”可知A选项表述正确；根据“screen use can d harm t children’s brains”可知B选项表述正确；根据“the light frm thse electrnics at night may make yu excited befre yu g t bed”可知C选项表述正确。根据“it is wise t cut dwn the time f children using all kinds f screens”可知D选项“Peple f all ages”表述错误。故选D。
39.A【解析】推理判断题。a science magazine一本科学杂志；a travel diary一个旅行日记；a guide bk一本指南；a nvel一本小说。文章主要讲述使用手机时间过长对人的危害，可知文章来自科学杂志。故选A。
40.B【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要讲述是屏幕使用过多对人的危害，可概括为The harm f using screens t much。故选B。
Passage 20【2020 •广东省深圳市】
When Chinese peple talk abut Chinese tea culture tday, they wn't miss an imprtant persn in Chinese histry-Lu Yu, respected as a "Sage f Tea (茶圣)" fr his achievements in the Chinese tea culture. He is best﹣knwn fr The Classic f Tea, the first wrk n grwing, making and drinking tea.
Lu was brn in Jingling in 733 A．D．As a child, he became a student f Zu Fuzi. Thanks t his teacher's guidance, he learnt a lt. He ften made tea fr his teacher. He als tk care f his fellw students' health using his knwledge n tea and herbs (草药).
Lu Yu ften went t the cuntryside t gather tea leaves and herbs. On ne f thse trips, Lu Yu fund a spring. The water was quite clear and clean. When Lu made tea with this spring water, he fund the tea tasted better than usual. Frm then n, he realized the imprtance f water quality in making tea.
In 752 A．D, Lu Yu finished his studies and returned t Jingling, where he met Cui Gufu. Bth men shared the same interests in tea, literature (文学) and petry. They sn became gd friends. Since then, the tw spent much time travelling, drinking tea and writing pems tgether.
This perid was imprtant t Lu Yu as a man f literature. Cui, with his rich experience and skills in writing, became a cach f Lu. He prvided necessary help with Lu's writing. It was during this time that Lu finally wrte the amazing wrk, The Classic f Tea.
34．What is Lu famus fr?
A．Having wisdm.B．Respecting teachers.
C．Caring fr friends.D．Influencing tea culture.
35．What des the underlined wrd "guidance" in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．HelpB．StressC．PrtectinD．Cntrl
36．Why did Lu and Cui becme gd friends?
A．They had the same hbbies.B．They lived in the same place.
C．They spent much time tgether.D．They had the same experiences.
37．Which f the fllwing is the crrect rder accrding t the passage?
①Lu Yu wrte The Classic f Tea.
②Lu Yu became a student f Zu Fuzi.
③Lu Yu made friends with Cui Gufu.
④Lu Yu fund water quality was imprtant.
A．②③①④B．②④③①C．④①③②D．④②③①
本文主要讲了茶圣陆羽的生平经历及其著作《茶经》。
34．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“When Chinese peple talk abut Chinese tea culture tday, they wn't miss an imprtant persn in Chinese histry﹣Lu Yu, respected as a "Sage f Tea " fr his achievements in the Chinese tea culture.”可知陆羽之所以出名是因为他在中国茶文化方面的重大影响。故选D。
35．A【解析】词义猜测题。A帮助；B压力；C保护；D控制，根据第二段中“Thanks t his teacher's guidance, he learnt a lt.”多亏了他老师的_____，他学习了很多，结合选项推断出guidance意思为“帮助”。故选A。
36．A【解析】细节理解题。根据上文“Bth men shared the same interests in tea, literature and petry. They sn became gd friends.”可知陆羽和崔国辅因为有共同的爱好而成为好朋友，故选A。
37．B【解析】推理判断题。根据上文“As a child, he became a student f Zu Fuzi.”可知陆羽在孩童时期成为邹夫子的学生，所以②排第一，排除CD；根据第三段中“Frm then n, he realized the imprtance f water quality in making tea.”可知陆羽意识到了沏茶时水质的重要性，所以④排第二，排除A，故选B。
Passage 21【2020 •广东省深圳市】
The Tajinshan Greenway (绿道) in Shenzhen has been pen t citizens since July, 2019.Sitting at the west side f Shenzhen Reservir, it is as lng as 7.07 kilmeters.
With plants alng bth sides and lakes lying at different sites, turists can enjy wnderful scenery all the way. If they are tired, they are free t take a rest at the 3 stps that were built fr breaks. Additinally, five unused guard psts (岗享) alng the ld rute have remained. They serve as sightseeing platfrms fr visitrs t feel the cultural spirit behind the place.
Of all its 13 scenic spts, 8 were designed t have AI helpers. Frm them, visitrs can gain infrmatin n parking, tur guide services and mre. The smart greenway, with free Wi-Fi available, als prvides envirnmental date, such as temperature, wind speed and air quality. What's mre, it can give visitrs warnings f cming extreme ( 极端的) weather and natural disasters, including rainstrms and typhns that may hit Shenzhen.
"Started in the middle f 2015,the building prcess f the Tajinshan Greenway has taken gd care f the wildlife and envirnment nearby" said Yang Shiming, an fficial in charge f the prject.
The greenway is an example f cnstructin prjects withut ding ham t the nature. It als shws the rle that technlgy plays in building a smart greenway fr mre life cnvenience."
42．Hw lng did it take t finish the Tajinshan Greenway?
A．Abut 3 yearsB．Abut 4 years.C．Abut 5 yearsD．Abut 6 years.
43．What des the underlined wrd "They" in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Views.B．Visitrs.C．Stps.D．Guard psts.
44．What is the main idea f Paragraph 3?
A．What AI helpers d.B．Technlgy changes life.
C．Hw AI helpers wrk.D．Technlgy prtects humans.
45．What can we learn frm this passage?
A．It is interesting t use AI helpers.
B．It is imprtant t build greenways.
C．It is pssible t balance nature and cnstructin.
D．It is unnecessary t wrry abut terrible weather.
这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述深圳市淘金山绿道自2019年7月开始对外开放,位于深圳水库西侧,全长7.07公里。两岸植物林立,湖光山色,一路风光尽收眼底。在它的13个景点中,有8个被设计成有人工辅助设施。绿道是一个不破坏自然的建筑项目的例子,它也显示了技术在建造智能绿道以增加生活便利方面所起的作用。
42．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一句“The Tajinshan Greenway (绿道) in Shenzhen has been pen t citizens since July, 2019”深圳市淘金山绿道自2019年7月开始对外开放；以及第四段“Started in the middle f 2015”淘金山绿道从2015年中期开始.可以推测出,完成淘金山绿道花了四年时间。故选B。
43．D【解析】词义猜测题。views“风景”；visitrs“游客”；stps“车站”；guard psts“岗亭”。根据划线前句“Additinally, five unused guard psts alng the ld rute have remained”另外,老路沿线还保留了5个闲置的岗亭。可以推测出,后句“他们”作为观光平台游客可以感受到这个地方背后的文化精神,是指“岗亭”guard psts。故选D。
44．A【解析】段落大意题。根据第三段首句“Of all its 13 scenic spts, 8 were designed t have AI helpers”在它的13个景点中,有8个被设计成有人工辅助设施。下文涉及到了所包含的工作。可以推测出,本段大意为“人工助手的工作” What AI helpers d。故选A。
45．C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“The greenway is an example f cnstructin prjects withut ding harm t the nature. It als shws the rle that technlgy plays in building a smart greenway fr mre life cnvenience”绿道是一个不破坏自然的建筑项目的例子,它也显示了技术在建造智能绿道以增加生活便利方面所起的作用。结合文章内容可以推测出,我们能从这篇文章中学到:平衡自然和建筑是可能的。故选C。
Passage 22【2020 •内蒙古通辽市】
Tday, the wrld’s diversity(多样性) f fd crps is quickly decreasing. But scientists arund the wrld are taking actin. They are building seed banks. At seed banks, scientists stre the seeds f many different crps.
There are nw 1,400 seed banks arund the wrld. Hwever, sme banks are in warm cuntries. If the electricity fails, the seeds will get t ht and die. Other seed banks are in cuntries trubled by war. Smetimes peple damage the seed banks. If this happens, valuable seeds can be lst frever!
The rganizatin Glbal Crp Diversity Trust decided they wanted t deal with this prblem. S, they decided t build a glbal seed bank. This seed bank wuld cntain a back-up, r extra cpy, f all the wrld’s seeds. Smaller seed banks wuld still cllect and keep lcal seeds. But they wuld als send cpies f their seeds t the glbal bank.
Scientists frm the Glbal Crp Diversity Trust chse the cld, snwy muntains f Svalbard, Nrway t build the glbal seed bank — the Svalbard Glbal Seed Vault. Organizatins, farmers, r lcal seed banks stre their extra seeds there. And the peple wh place their seeds in the vault are the nly peple wh can take them ut. They pay t ship their seeds t Nrway, but it des nt cst them any mney t stre their seeds. The Glbal Crp Diversity Trust pays fr this.
Cary Fwler is a scientist wh heads the Glbal Crp Diversity Trust. He said, “If the Seed Vault simply supplies seed banks with cpies f seeds that thse banks lst by accident, the Seed Vault will be wrth way mre than it cst.”
16．Seed banks are built t ________.
A．research n seedsB．prduce new seeds
C．prtect crp diversityD．increase the number f seeds
17．What is the authr's purpse in Paragraph 2?
A．Scientists stre the seeds f many different crps at seed banks.
B．If seed banks are destryed, valuable seeds will be lst frever.
C．Scientists want t build a glbal seed bank.
D．The peple wh place their seeds in the vault are the nly peple wh can take them ut.
18．Cmpared with ther seed banks, the glbal seed bank ________.
A．was built by the gvernmentB．is mre welcmed by farmers
C．is mainly used by great scientistsD．can prvide a gd envirnment fr seeds
19．What can we learn abut the Svalbard Glbal Seed Vault?
A．It helps t pay the shipping cst.B．N ne can take seeds ut f there.
C．There are n fees t stre seeds there.D．It mainly receives seeds frm farmers.
20．What is Cary Fwler’s attitude twards the Seed Vault?
A．He feels it is very imprtant.B．He is surprised at it.
C．He thinks it csts t much.D．He is uncertain abut it.
文章大意：本文主要讲为了保护作物多样性，世界上建立了一千四百家种子银行，但这些银行都没有很好的保障性，因此全球农作物多样性信托组织决定建立一个全球种子银行来解决这个问题。文中具体介绍了这个全球性银行的运作及其优势。
16．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第1段中“Tday, the wrld’s diversity f fd crps is quickly decreasing. But scientists arund the wrld are taking actin. They are building seed banks. ”可知建立种子银行是为了保护作物多样性。故选C。
17．B【解析】推理判断题。第2段从第2句开始讲种子银行可能会存在的问题，温暖国家断电、国家遭遇战争、人民损害种子银行等情况都可能使贵重的种子永远消失，结合最后一句“If this happens, valuable seeds can be lst frever!”可知写第2段的目的是讲“如果种子银行被破坏，有价值的种子将永远消失。”故选B。
18．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第2段中讲到的地方种子银行的弊端，结合第4段中“Scientists frm the Glbal Crp Diversity Trust chse the cld, snwy muntains f Svalbard, Nrway t build the glbal seed bank — the Svalbard Glbal Seed Vault.”讲全球种子银行选址在挪威斯瓦尔巴特群岛寒冷的雪山，寒冷的环境更利于种子保存，由此可推出相对于其他种子银行，全球种子银行能为种子生长提供良好的环境。故选D。
19．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第4段中“They pay t ship their seeds t Nrway, but it des nt cst them any mney t stre their seeds.”可知在斯瓦尔巴特群岛全球种子银行储存种子无需付费。故选C。
20．A【解析】观点态度题。最后一段中Cary Fwler的话“If the Seed Vault simply supplies seed banks with cpies f seeds that thse banks lst by accident, the Seed Vault will be wrth way mre than it cst.”意为“如果全球种子银行只是向种子银行提供那些他们意外丢失的种子副本，那么全球种子银行的价值将远远超过其成本。”，由此可以看出Cary Fwler认为全球种子银行很重要。故选A。
Passage 23【2020 •四川攀枝花】
Tea is an imprtant part f Chinese traditin. Tea has very clse relatinship t Chinese culture.
It's said that Chinese tea was discvered by King Shen Nng. Peple say that he lived 5,000 years ag. One summer day, while he was visiting a faraway part f his cuntry, he felt very thirsty. When the servants were biling the water fr him t drink, the dried leaves frm a near plant fell int the water. The King drank sme, and fund it culd make him feel less tired, which made Shen Nng interested in the new drink. And s, tea was created in 2737BC．
Drinking tea has many advantages. It makes peple feel less tired, clears heat inside the human bdy and helps peple lse weight. As yu add a cup f tea t yur daily life, please check the fllwing advice.
(1)Drink it ht. Tea xides(氧化)quickly, s it is suggested that yu drink it ht.
(2)D nt drink t much strng tea. It will prbably be harmful t yur stmach and make yu feel sick if yu make the tea t strng.
(3)The best time t drink tea is between meals. It may nt make yu have a strng wish t eat when yur stmach is full.
(4)D nt drink with medicine. It may change the medical result. Yu can drink tea tw hurs after yu take medicine.
(5)Green tea is the best chice fr ffice wrkers. Why? Because green tea helps stp the bad result f the cmputer.
36．Paragraph 2 is mainly abut _________.
A．when King Shen Nng livedB．why King Shen Nng drank tea
C．hw Chinese tea was discveredD．where the Chinese tea was created
37．Drinking tea has a lt f advantages EXCEPT _________.
A．helping yu lse weightB．letting yu feel less tired
C．having a strng wish fr fdD．clearing heat inside yur bdy
38．Mr. Smith is a cmputer teacher. He'd better drink _________.
A．green teaB．black teaC．strng teaD．cffee with milk
39．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Strng tea is gd fr ur health.B．All ffice wrkers drink green tea.
C．If yu take medicine, yu can't drink tea.D．Tea is cnnected with Chinese culture clsely.
40．The passage is mainly written t _________.
A．tell us the histry f teaB．give us sme infrmatin abut tea
C．advise us t drink green teaD．let us knw when tea was discvered
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了传说中神农是如何发现茶叶的故事，并且介绍了饮茶的好处以及一些饮茶的建议。
36．C【解析】段落主旨题。通读第二段，可知该段主要讲述了茶叶在古时候是如何被神农发现的，故选C。
37．C【解析】细节理解题。根据“It makes peple feel less tired, clears heat inside the human bdy and helps peple lse weight”，可知没有提及饮茶可以增强食欲，故选C。
38．A【解析】推理判断题。根据“Green tea is the best chice fr ffice wrkers. Why? Because green tea helps stp the bad result f the cmputer”，可推知他最好喝绿茶，故选A。
39．D【解析】细节理解题。根据“Tea has very clse relatinship t Chinese culture”，可知茶与中国文化有着紧密的联系，故选D。
40．B【解析】文章主旨题。通读全文，可知文章主要介绍了中国茶文化的起源，并且介绍了饮茶的好处以及一些饮茶的建议，都是关于茶的信息，故选B。
Passage 24【2020 •四川省遂宁市】
What’s ging t happen in the future? Will rbts cntrl ur planet? Will cmputers becme smarter than us? Nt likely. But here are sme things that scientists say are mst likely t happen in 10-30 years frm nw, accrding t the BBC．
Binic（仿生的）Eyes
They are n lnger smething, nly in a science fictin mvie. Peple wh are blind may have a chance t see things clearly—by wearing binic eyes.
A blind eye can n lnger sense sight, but a binic eye can use a camera t “see” the envirnment and send infrmatin t the mind. Nw the binic eye nly allws patients t see lights and unclear shapes. A binic eye with very clear pictures culd be just in a few years away.
Digital Mney
We used t pay with cash fr everything we bught. Nw we can use Wechat Pay r Alipay t shp, mney is spent withut seeing it. That means we are already using digital mney. Peple nly need t take a mbile phne wherever they g. Using these ways is much easier than searching ur pckets fr change. It is als safer than carrying a lt f cash.
It is reprted that peple in Sweden cmpletely stpped using cash last year, and the US might be the next.
Self-driving Cars
Unlike a human driver, a self-driving car wn’t be influenced by a phne call, the radi r smething utside the windw. Sensrs（探测器）and cameras n the car wuld allw it t fllw the rules f the rad strictly and keep a safe space frm ther cars. This wuld greatly make the number f rad accidents smaller. Yu can even take a shrt rest while the car drives itself. In the future, driverless cars wuld be widely accepted.
46．Which f the fllwing payments is nt mentined in this passage?
A．CashB．Wechat PayC．AlipayD．Credit card
47．Binic eyes send infrmatin t the________.
A．mindB．cameraC．cmputerD．heart
48．Frm the reprt, we can learn sme infrmatin abut________.
A．industry and farmingB．traffic and jurney
C．science and technlgyD．culture and art
49．The passage tells us that________.
A．binic eyes nly appear in the science fictin films
B．the blind wearing binic eyes may see clearly in the future
C．self-driving cars will be influenced by smething utside
D．there will be n accidents at all if self-driving cars are used
50．We can infer（推断）that________ frm the passage.
A．there wuld be a number f self-driving cars n the radB．rbts wuld cntrl the wrld
C．the blind culd use glasses t see things arundD．we wuld live a hard life with digital mney
这是一篇说明文。主要讲的是科学家认为10—30年后最有可能发生的几件事情：盲人会有仿生眼；数字货币；无人驾驶车。
46．D【解析】细节理解题。根据“We used t pay with cash fr everything we bught. Nw we can use Wechat Pay r Alipay t shp, mney is spent withut seeing it.”可知，这里提到了现金，微信支付，支付宝支付，没有提到信用卡支付，故选D。
47．A【解析】细节理解题。根据“but a binic eye can use a camera t “see” the envirnment and send infrmatin t the mind.”可知，仿生眼可以使用相机“看到”环境，并向大脑发送信息。故选A。
48．C【解析】细节理解题。综合全文的“仿生眼”“数字货币”“无人驾驶车”可知，这些都和科学技术有关，故选C。
49．B【解析】推理判断题。根据“A binic eye with very clear pictures culd be just in a few years away.”（拥有清晰图像的仿生眼可能会在几年内问世）可推断，佩戴仿生眼的盲人将来可能看得更清楚，故选B。
50．A【解析】推理判断题。根据“ In the future, driverless cars wuld be widely accepted.”（在未来，无人驾驶汽车将被广泛接受）可推断，路上将会有很多无人驾驶的汽车，故选A。
Passage 25【2020 •天津市】
Peple depend n plants. We use plants fr fd, clth, shelter (住处), and even the air we breathe (呼吸).
Plants keep ur air and water clean. Green plants give us xygen (氧气). Oxygen is part f the air we breathe.
Plants are als part f the water cycle (水循环). Mst f the water that a plant takes in ges back int the air.
Plants give us a lt f the fd n the earth. Fruits, vegetables, and grains (谷物) cme frm plants. Withut plants, we wuld nt have bread, rice, carrts, apples, ranges, r bananas! Many peple are grwing plants t eat in their wn gardens at hme. Having yur wn garden helps the earth as well.
When yu grw yur wn fruits and vegetables, yu help cut dwn n pllutin because big trucks dn’t need t take yur fd t shps. Yu als help reduce the amunt f rubbish because yu dn’t need t use bags fr packing yur fd. Yu can just pick it ut f the grund r ff a plant and put it int a basket!
Trees are an imprtant plant resurce (资源). Trees prvide wd t build hmes and furniture. Trees are used t make lts f things arund yur hme and at yur schl. And trees prvide fruits that are gd fr yu. Withut trees, the earth wuld be a very different place.
36．________ is part f the air we breathe.
A．SunlightB．WaterC．FdD．Oxygen
37．What happens t mst f the water that a plant takes in?
A．It ges back int the air.B．It stays in the plant.
C．It ges int the grund.D．It stays in the river.
38．What des the phrase “cut dwn n” mean in Paragraph 5?
A．Cause.B．Accept.C．Reduce.D．Expect.
39．What is the best title f the passage?
A．A Different PlaceB．The Uses f Plants
C．Fd n the EarthD．Gardens at Hme
40．Yu wuld find the passage in ________.
A．an interesting nvelB．a bk abut animals
C．a ppular playD．a bk abut nature
这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述植物的用处。人们离不开植物，植物提供食物、布料、住处甚至是呼吸的空气。
36．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Oxygen is part f the air we breathe”氧气是我们呼吸的空气的一部分。故选D。
37．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Mst f the water that a plant takes in ges back int the air”植物吸收的大部分水又回到空气中。故选A。
38．C【解析】词义猜测题。根据“because big trucks dn’t need t take yur fd t shps. Yu als help reduce the amunt f rubbish because yu dn’t need t use bags fr packing yur fd”卡车不需要把你的食物带去商店，因为你不需要用包装袋来放你的食物，你也帮助减少了垃圾的数量。可知此处表示“减少”， cut dwn n相当于reduce。故选C。
39．B【解析】标题概括题。根据第一段“Peple depend n plants. We use plants fr fd, clth, shelter (住处), and even the air we breathe”可知文章主要讲述的是植物的用处，可概括为The Uses f Plants。故选B。
40．D【解析】推理判断题。an interesting nvel有趣的小说；a bk abut animals关于动物的书；a ppular play一个受欢迎的戏剧；a bk abut nature一本关于自然的书。这篇文章主要讲述的是植物的用处，可以在关于自然的书里找到。故选D。
Passage 26【2020 •泰州市】
As usual, Amber was hurrying t catch the yellw schl bus. Luckily the traffic lights turned green as she was t crss the rad, s she made it. When the bus passed the glden arches(拱形门) f McDnald’s, they reminded her f a hamburger. She hadn’t had breakfast that mrning because the fruit salad n the blue dish didn’t lk delicius at all. Hwever, Amber remembered that she was still n a diet. S nw she was really in a black md.
Yu may have nticed that several clrs were used in the abve stry s as t help describe Amber’s mrning. In fact, clrs influence yur life mre than yu can ever imagine. Take language fr example: Yu may describe a sick persn as being “a bit green”. T describe a depressed(沮丧的) persn, yu say that the persn is “feeling blue”. In shrt, clrs d add interest t daily cnversatins.
Besides, clrs can be used in many parts f yur daily life. Have yu ever thught abut why many schl buses and taxis are painted yellw, and stp signs red? Since yellw is the mst eye-catching clr, it can catch peple’s attentin, especially in heavy traffic. As fr red, it is the clr which usually shws warning, as a result, sme traffic signs use this clr. Fr the same reasn, ht-water taps are usually marked red.
The clrs f a dining envirnment pssibly decide hw much yu eat. Mst fast-fd restaurants are ften decrated in bright clrs such as red, yellw, range, and white fr the purpse f increasing peple’s appetites(胃口). This is because bright clrs are natural clrs fund in many fds, and, therefre, able t raise peple’s spirits. Blue, in cmparisn with bright clrs, is said t lwer peple’s appetites because few fds are blue in nature. Fr thse wh are n a diet, blue dishes and bwls might help!
“Mrning, Amber! What happened? Yu lk a bit green,” said Vilet, Amber’s best friend.
“Nthing … just feeling … blue,” said Amber.
“Hey! Cme t my place tnight. D yu knw what I just bught? A Wii! It’s red-ht.”
Amber was tickled pink t have the chance t play with the Wii and said, “Sunds great!”
41. Accrding t the passage, if yu are n a diet, ________ might help.
A. putting yur fd in a blue dish r bwl
B. turning n a yellw light during the meal
C. painting the walls f the dining table with an range clth
D. cvering the dining table with an range clth
42. Mst schl buses are painted yellw because ________.
A. it tells ther drivers t prepare t stpB. it helps bus drivers stay in a gd md
C. it can easily catch ther peple’s attentinD. it is the clr that mst schl
43. Which f the fllwing statements is true?
A. Amber lked ill when Vilet saw her first.
B. Amber ate up all her fruit salad in the mrning.
C. Amber refused t g t Vilet’s huse in the end.
D. Amber didn’t catch the schl bus and was late fr schl.
44. Which f the fllwing is NOT mentined in the passage?
A. Clrs influence peple’s daily lives.
B. Mst fast-fd restaurants are painted grey.
C. Different clrs are used fr different purpses.
D. Clrs make daily cnversatins mre interesting.
45. What can we infer(推断) frm the passage?
A. Amber was nt fat at all.
B. Amber cheered up at Vilet’s invitatin at last.
C. Vilet didn’t knw hw clrs influenced ur lives.
D. Arches f McDnald’s are painted gld nly t make them beautiful.
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了颜色在不同场景中对人们的影响以及在语言方面的运用。
41.A【解析】细节理解题。根据原文Fr thse wh are n a diet, blue dishes and bwls might help可知，对于正在节食的人来说，蓝色的餐具可能会有一定帮助。A选项putting yur fd in a blue dish r bwl“把你的食物放在一个蓝色的盘子或碗里”符合题意，故选A。
42.C【解析】细节理解题。根据原文Since yellw is the mst eye-catching clr, it can catch peple’s attentin, especially in heavy traffic可知，因为黄色是最抢眼的颜色，它能吸引人们的注意力，特别是在交通拥挤的时候。C选项it can easily catch ther peple’s attentin“它很容易引起别人的注意”符合题意，故选C。
43.A【解析】细节理解题。根据原文She hadn’t had breakfast that mrning because the fruit salad n the blue dish didn’t lk delicius at all可知，安贝儿没有吃水果沙拉，B选项“安贝儿早上把水果沙拉都吃光了”说法错误，可排除。根据原文Amber was tickled pink t have the chance t play with the Wii and said, “Sunds great!”可知，安贝儿收到一起去玩游戏机的邀请很高兴，C选项“安贝儿最后拒绝去维奥莱特的家”说法错误，可排除。根据原文As usual, Amber was hurrying t catch the yellw schl bus. Luckily the traffic lights turned green as she was t crss the rad, s she made it可知，安贝儿赶上了校车，D选项“安贝儿没赶上校车，上学迟到了”说法错误，可排除。根据原文“Mrning, Amber! What happened? Yu lk a bit green,” said Vilet, Amber’s best friend可知，维奥莱特刚见到安贝儿就觉得她脸色不太好，A选项“当维奥莱特刚见到她时，她看上去像是生病了”说法正确，故选A。
44.B【解析】推理判断题。根据原文Mst fast-fd restaurants are ften decrated in bright clrs such as red, yellw, range, and white fr the purpse f increasing peple’s appetites可知，快餐店通常会采用鲜艳的颜色来增加顾客的食欲。根据常识可知，灰色不属于鲜艳的颜色，B选项Mst fast-fd restaurants are painted grey“大多数快餐店都涂成了灰色”在文中并未提及，故选B。
45.B【解析】推理判断题。根据原文Amber was tickled pink t have the chance t play with the Wii and said, “Sunds great!”可知，安贝儿收到一起去玩游戏机的邀请很高兴。B选项Amber cheered up at Vilet’s invitatin at last“安贝儿收到维奥莱特的邀请很高兴”符合题意，故选B。
Passage 27【2020 •无锡市】
NEW wrd in 2020
Crnavirus is this year’s Children’s Wrd f the Year. This is very interesting given that the 500 Wrds cmpetitin clsed n 27 February 2020, the day befre the first case was dcumented in the UK. This shws the influence f imprtant events arund the wrld n children’s creativity.
Highlights
The wrd crnavirus appeared fr the first time in the 500 Wrds stries in 2020. It is nt a wrd that has been used befre.
The wrd has been used 459 times in the stries in 2020, with 287 f them as crnavirus, 168 as crna virus, and 4 as crna-virus.
It is amazing that many f the themes yung writers explred in fictin sn became a reality with the wrld in lckdwn.
Examples
The nurses came running ver. I felt a pain in my neck, I started t gasp fr air. My bdy started shaking I culdn’t cntrl myself. My eyes rlled t the back f my head, a mask cvered my muth, my temperature raised and I have the crnavirus.
(The Ex, girl 13)
A few years later he finally landed n earth ... but when he landed he fund ut a deadly virus had struck earth, the crna virus ...
(Bb’s Trip Arund the Universe by 10)
28. This passage is mst prbably part f ________.
A. a language reprtB. a science reprt
C. a bk reviewD. a film review
29. The result is based n the findings frm ________.
A. a 2019 surveyB. a 2020 survey
C. a 2019 cmpetitinD. a 2020 cmpetitin
30. What can we learn abut the wrd crnavirus?
A. Mst children like the wrd very much.B. Mst children use the wrd very ften.
C. Children first used it in stries this year.D. Children first used it in stries years ag.
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了今年儿童的年度词汇——Crnavirus。
28.A【解析】题意：这篇文章很可能是________的一部分。推理判断题。根据原文Crnavirus is this year’s Children’s Wrd f the Year可知，本文关注的语言方面的现象，由此可推断本文可能是一份语言报告的一部分。A选项a language reprt“一份语言报告”符合题意，故选A。
29.D【解析】题意：得到这个结果是基于________的发现。细节理解题。根据原文The wrd crnavirus appeared fr the first time in the 500 Wrds stries in 2020可知，得到这个结果是基于一个在2020年举办的500字故事比赛的发现。D选项a 2020 cmpetitin“一个2020年的比赛”符合题意，故选D。
30.C【解析】题意：关于单词“crnavirus”我们可以知道些什么？推理判断题。根据原文The wrd crnavirus appeared fr the first time in the 500 Wrds stries in 2020. It is nt a wrd that has been used befre可知，今年孩子们第一次在故事中使用它。C选项Children first used it in stries this year“今年孩子们第一次在故事中使用它”符合题意，故选C。
Passage 28【2020 •无锡市】
Last mnth, the artist Christ pened his new art sculpture. It is made up f 7,506 clrful barrels (桶) flating n a lake in Hyde Park in Lndn. Christ calls it The Lndn Mastaba. It is his first majr utdr art sculpture in Great Britain. The artwrk is in the shape f a mastaba. It lks smewhat like a pyramid with a fat tp. The Lndn Mastaba is abut 65 feet high, 98 feet wide and 130 feet lng, and it weighs abut 1.3 millin punds. The metal barrels can be seen frm hundreds f feet away.
35
Everyne wh lks at it will see smething different. Many will think the barrels are barrels f il in the heart f ne f Lndn’s ldest parks. They might wnder if Christ was making an annuncement against pllutin. Others will see a prism r giant pixels r simply a shape. Hwever, everyne must decide fr themselves, the 83-year-ld artist said. Christ said he had nthing special in mind when he created The Lndn Mastaba. “There are n messages,” Christ said. “There is smething in it t discver yurself. I cannt direct yu.”
“A Stairway T The Sky”
“It’s created a giant invitatin, like a stairway t the sky,” Christ said. The artist was standing n the banks f the Serpentine Lake in Hyde Park where his artwrk flats. Swans are swimming nearby. Sme barrels are red with a white candy stripe n the sides. Others are clred blue, purple and red. Their clrs will lk different as the light changes, Christ said. Their reflectin (倒影) in the lake will be like an abstract painting. Abstractin is an artistic style that des nt always shw smething recgnizable r realistic.
“Nt Really Sure Hw I Feel Abut It”
Many peple walking in the park were surprised t see the artwrk. “It’s very mdern, but this place is nature and histrical. I dn’t like it here,” said Yasmin KcOzcengel, wh is a turist frm Turkey. Anther persn wh tk a lk at the artwrk was Anna Andrnva. She called The Lndn Mastaba very brave. If it weren’t as brave, it wuldn’t be as amazing, she said. Sheila Seffensn is an American living in Lndn. “I’m just nt really sure hw I feel abut it,” Steffensn said. “Maybe it’s a message abut pllutin. Wh knws?”
34. What can we learn abut the artwrk?
A. It is a flating pyramid.B. It is made up f empty il barrels.
C. It is an abstract painting.D. It is cnsidered as different things.
35. Which f the fllwing wuld be mst suitable fr________?
A. An Annuncement Against Pllutin.B. An Annuncement Against Pllutin?
C. A New Landmark Of The Oldest Park.D. A New Landmark Of The Oldest Park?
36. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe The Lndn Mastaba?
A. Rmantic.B. Magical.C. Realistic.D. Mysterius.
37. What can mst pssibly be the artist’s real purpse?
A. T add sme mre clurs t the ld park.B. T bring his art career t a new height.
C. T encurage peple t discver and think.D. T remind peple t care abut nature.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了艺术家克里斯托在伦敦海德公园的湖中央展出的第一件大型户外艺术品《伦敦马斯塔巴》，以及人们对这件作品不同的认识和理解。
34.D【解析】细节理解题。根据“Everyne wh lks at it will see smething different.”可知，每个人都会看到不同东西，结合选项，故选D。
35.B【解析】推理判断题。空后一段讲的是不同的人对这件作品有不同的认识，根据“They might wnder if Christ was making an annuncement against pllutin.”可知，有些人想知道克里斯托是不是在为抵制污染发声，由此推断，空出的标题应该是围绕是否为抵制污染发声展开的讨论，结合选项，故选B。
36.D【解析】推理判断题。Rmantic浪漫的；空想的；Magical有魔力的；Realistic现实的；逼真的；Mysterius神秘的；难解的。根据“Abstractin is an artistic style that des nt always shw smething recgnizable r realistic”（抽象是一种艺术风格，它并不总是表现可识别的或现实的东西）可推断，这件艺术品比较抽象，抽象的东西一般比较难理解，结合选项，故选D。
37.C【解析】推理判断题。本题主要问艺术家的真正目的可能是什么？根据“ Christ said he had nthing special in mind when he created The Lndn Mastaba. “There are n messages,” Christ said. “There is smething in it t discver yurself. I cannt direct yu.””可推断，克里斯托的真正目的可能是鼓励人们自己发现和思考。故选C。
Passage 29【2020 •盐城市】
Cyleball
This sprt is like ftball n bikes. There are tw teams. Each team has usually gt tw players. Players in each team try t hit the ball int the gal. They can use their bikes r their heads t d this. The winning team is the team with the mst gals at the end f the game.
Gilli-danda
This is an ancient sprt frm India. The players use tw things: ne lng stick, called a danda and a shrt egg- shaped bat, called a gilli. There are tw teams. One player puts the gilli n the grund inside a small circle and hits it int the air with the danda. Then the player hits the gilli gain and runs t tuch a spt utside the circle t get a pint.
Octpush
The sprt is als called underwater hckey（曲棍球）. There are tw teams. Each team has gt six players. Players swim underwater t play this game. They use small sticks and a puck. The puck is a little like a ball. Players try t push the puck alng the bttm f a swimming pl int the ther team's gal. The winning team is the learn with the mst gals at the end f the match.
31. Which is the crrect rder f the pictures accrding t the passage?
A. a→b→cB. c→b→aC. a→c→bD. c→a→b
32. Which part f a magazine may this passage be taken frm?
A. Animal WrldB. Teenage Prblems.
C. Science and Technlgy.D. Sprts and Games.
33. What d these sprts have in cmmn?
A. They all have a shrt histry.B. A lng stick is needed fr each sprt.
C. Every sprt team has six players.D. There’re tw teams in every sprt game.
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了三种特别的运动，并介绍了运动的具体形式。
31.B【解析】推理判断题。根据“This sprt is like ftball n bikes. There are tw teams. Each team has usually gt tw players”可知是图片c；根据“The players use tw things: ne lng stick, called a danda and a shrt egg- shaped bat, called a gilli”可知是图片b;根据“Players swim underwater t play this game. They use small sticks and a puck. The puck is a little like a ball. Players try t push the puck alng the bttm f a swimming pl int the ther team's gal”可知是图片a。故选B。
32.D【解析】推理判断题。animal wrld动物世界；teenage prblems青少年的问题；science and technlgy科技；sprts and games运动与游戏。文章主要介绍了三种运动，可推断来自sprts and games。故选D。
33.D【解析】推理判断题。根据“There are tw teams. Each team has usually gt tw players”“There are tw teams. One player …”以及“There are tw teams. Each team has gt six players”可知三者的共同点是都有两个队参加。故选D。
Passage 30【2020 •盐城市】
All abut Electric Cars
Electric vehicles(电动车辆) have been arund fr mre than a hundred years. But they have really been liked by a large number f peple ver the last ten years. Mre than three millin all-electric cars trucks and vans are nw n the rad wrldwide.
Helping the Envirnment
Mst cars run n gasline(汽油). Burning gasline and ther fssil fuels(矿物燃料) prduces greenhuse gases. Electric vehicles dn’t burn gasline. Instead, strng batteries run their electric engines. S, electric vehicles dn’t directly prduce greenhuse gases.
Pp Pwer!
Electric vehicles are better fr the envirnment. But they are nt perfect. Their batteries ften use electricity(电) that was made by burning fssil fuels. But an electric vehicle uses less energy than a vehicle that runs n gasline. Plus, sme f the electricity cmes frm “greener” surces, such as slar and wind pwer. And sme may sn cme frm a new surce — cw pp(牛粪)! An electric car cmpany has wrked tgether with a large dairy farm. They plan t make electricity using a greenhuse gas frm cw pp.
Always Imprving
One f the prblems fr electric vehicles is their limited range. This is hw far they can travel befre their batteries need anther charge(充电). But nw their range is imprving. Sme new electric vehicles can travel almst three times as far as lder nes did. Anther prblem is finding a place t recharge the batteries. But the number f charging statins is ging up as well. China nw has thusands mre charging statins than it did ten years ag. In Sweden, engineers have even designed a rad that will charge electric vehicles as they drive alng.
37. Which f the fllwing truly describes electric vehicles accrding t Paragraph 1?
A. Useless.B. Ppular.C. Cheap.D. Perfect.
38. What des the picture abve shw?
A. Parts f an electric car.B. Ways f driving a car.
C. Wheels n an electric car.D. Batteries in an electric car.
39. Hw des the electric car cmpany plan t make electricity accrding t Paragraph 3？
A. By burning gasline. B. By burning fssil fuels.
C. By using a gas cming frm cw pp. D. By using slar and wind pwer.
40. What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. Reasns fr buying new electric cars.
B. Imprtance f electric cars in ur life.
C. Ways t prduce mre electric vehicles.
D. Prblems and imprvements f electric vehicles.
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了电动汽车的优缺点。
37.B【解析】题意：根据本文第1段，下列哪个形容词可以很好地形容电动汽车？推理判断题。根据第1段“But they have really been liked by a large number f peple ver the last ten years.”可知，本段提到了电动汽车很受人们欢迎。B选项Ppular“受欢迎的”符合题意，故选B。
38.A【解析】题意：上面的图片向读者展示了什么？细节理解题。根据图片内容可知，该图片向读者展示了电动汽车的各部分名称，有电机，电池，电缆，充电口和冷却系统等。A选项Parts f an electric car“一辆电动汽车的各个部分”符合题意，故选A。
39.C【解析】题意：根据本文第3段，电动汽车公司计划如何发电？细节理解题。根据原文An electric car cmpany has wrked tgether with a large dairy farm. They plan t make electricity using a greenhuse gas frm cw pp可知，该公司计划用一种来自牛粪的温室气体来发电。C选项By using a gas cming frm cw pp“用一种来自牛粪的温室气体”符合题意，故选C。
40.D【解析】题意：本文最后一段主要讲的是什么？主旨大意。通读最后一段可知，说的是电动汽车的行驶里程以及充电桩问题以及相应的改进措施。D选项Prblems and imprvements f electric vehicles“电动汽车存在的问题及改进措施”符合题意，故选D。
Passage 31【2020 •镇江市】
Have yu ever paid fr educatinal pdcasts (播客)r live vides? Ask sme peple and mst f them will say yes. "Pay-fr-knwledge" has been mre and mre fashinable these years. The cntents f these "pay-fr-knwledge" prducts are frm language learning t gardening r baby-caring. Everything yu think f can be fund nline at this mment. "Pay-fr-knwledge" is n the rise(兴起).
Why is "pay-fr-knwledge" industry develping s rapidly? First, its develpment is based n the Internet. With a fast netwrk and a smartphne, anyne wh has passed the identity(身份) check can be an nline teacher, and anyne with an nline accunt can buy "pay-fr-knwledge" prducts that he r she wants at an affrdable price. Secnd, peple are afraid t miss any infrmatin. On ne hand, peple hpe fr mre useful infrmatin.
On the ther hand, such infrmatin is usually at the hands f experts (专家) wh serve well-knwn cmpanies and universities. Mrever, the need t learn new skills in tday's jb market als pushes peple t learn n such educatinal pdcasts.
The industry f "pay-fr-knwledge" has prved t be lucrative. It prmises pssibilities f turning infrmatin int mney. It is gd fr the develpment f ur cuntry and it can help sellers make lts f mney. Besides, buyers can enjy self-grwth frm it. What's mre, this is a reflectin(反映)f respect fr knwledge and talents.
Hwever, the rapid develpment f "pay-fr-knwledge" has a few prblems. Fr ne thing, the market is full f eye-catching wrds such as "Hw t be an Industry's Expert in 5 Hurs" and "15 Classes t Be a Master f Appreciating (欣赏) Classical Music", which sund like if yu pay fr it, yu are sure t succeed. Fr anther, a large number f custmers buy them just fr shwing ff. In fact, thse wh have really had self-grwth after buying nline curses may be the kind f peple wh need them least. In ther wrds, with r withut these curses, they can make it anyway, because they are thse wh have the ability t learn by themselves.
In general, the best is the ne that suits yu mst. "Pay-fr-knwledge" may be used as a gd start fr self-grwth. Be careful! Otherwise, yur dream f success may nt cme true.
32. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. "Pay-fr-knwledge" prducts can help all the peple succeed.
B. "Pay-fr-knwledge" prducts can ffer peple different kinds f curses.
C. Peple wh can teach themselves need "pay-fr-knwledge" prducts mst.
D. Peple must learn frm experts wh serve famus cmpanies and universities.
33. What can we learn abut "pay-fr-knwledge" industry frm Paragraph 2?
A. The histry f its develpment.B. The prblems f its prducts.
C. The advantages f its prducts.D. The causes f its rise.
34. The underlined phrase "be lucrative" in Paragraph 3 means "_____________".
A. prduce lts f mneyB. get much infrmatin
C. win great respectD. enjy self-grwth
35. The main purpse f this passage is t___________.
A. recmmend the "pay-fr-knwledge" prducts t peple
B. advise everyne t learn knwledge by themselves nline
C. remind peple t chse "pay-fr-knwledge" prducts wisely
D. teach parents hw t buy sme nline curses fr their children
这是一篇说明文，文章介绍“为知识付钱”产业兴起的原因及产生的问题，提醒读者要理智地选择产品。
32.B【解析】推理判断题。根据“The cntents f these "pay-fr-knwledge" prducts are frm language learning t gardening r baby-caring. Everything yu think f can be fund nline at this mment.”可知B选项表述正确。A选项“all the peple”表述太绝对。根据“with r withut these curses, they can make it anyway, because they are thse wh have the ability t learn by themselves”可知C选项表述错误。“such infrmatin is usually at the hands f experts wh serve well-knwn cmpanies and universities. Mrever, the need t learn new skills in tday's jb market als pushes peple t learn n such educatinal pdcasts”可知D选项“must”表述太绝对。故选B。
33.D【解析】段落大题题。根据第二段“Why is ‘pay-fr-knwledge’ industry develping s rapidly? First,…Secnd,…”可知这一段主要讲述为知识付钱产业兴起的原因。故选D。
34.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据“It prmises pssibilities f turning infrmatin int mney”可知此处表示“获利的，赚钱的”， be lucrative相当于prduce lts f mney。故选A。
35.C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“In general, the best is the ne that suits yu mst. ‘Pay-fr-knwledge’ may be used as a gd start fr self-grwth. Be careful”文章的主要目的是为了提醒人们要理智地选择适合自己的产品。故选C。
Passage 32【2020 •江西省】
Sme peple ski (滑雪) dwn muntains. Others climb huge rcks r phtgraph dangerus animals. Why d peple enjy risky activities like these?
Sme peple take risks simply because it makes them feel gd. Psychlgist (心理学家) Marvin says that this kind f explrers (探险者) are always lking fr change and excitement. When peple d smething new r risky, a chemical (化学物质) in the brain creates a pleasant feeling. They lve this feeling and want t experience it as ften as pssible.
Other peple dn't take risks fr the feeling f excitement but t achieve a gal. Fr example, Mike Fay went n a dangerus 2,000—mile special jurney in central Africa. He wrked t help save the wildlife there. Fay’s expeditins helped create 13 natinal parks.
Fr ther peple, such as extreme athletes (极限运动员), taking risks is part f their jb. Sprts psychlgist Shane says extreme athletes see the wrld differently. In a dangerus activity, mst peple prbably d nt feel in cntrl. Extreme athletes are different: they feel in cntrl in dangerus situatins. The danger can even help them. Fr example, skier Darn Rahlves says that being afraid makes him try harder t succeed.
Mst f us are nt extreme athletes r explrers. Hwever, we still take risks in ur lives. Sme f us take scial risks, such as speaking in frnt f a large grup f peple. Smetimes, we take financial risks, such as buying a huse. And smetimes we take career risks, such as leaving a jb r starting a business. Mst peple take risks in sme areas f life, but nt in thers. What kind f risk—taker are yu?
41 What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A. The brain.B. Smething new.
C. A chemical.D. A pleasant feeling.
42. What des the underlined wrd “expeditin” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Much mney.B. A jurney with a special gal.
C. A great idea.D. A plan fr a dangerus jurney.
43. Hw many kinds f extreme athletes r explrers are mentined in the passage?
A. Three.B. Fur.C. Five.D. Six.
44. Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the passage?
A. Mike Fay is a prfessinal risk—taker.
B. Mst peple dn’t take risks in their daily life.
C. Extreme athletes deal with danger better than thers.
D. Darn Rahlves takes risks mainly fr change and excitement.
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们参加冒险活动的原因，如冒险带来的刺激、需要完成的目标、工作的需要以及人们在生活工作中需要的冒险等。
41.D【解析】推理判断题。根据上文“When peple d smething new r risky, a chemical in the brain creates a pleasant feeling. They lve this feeling and want t experience it as ften as pssible”可知，当人们做一些新的或有风险的事情时，大脑中的一种化学物质会产生一种愉快的感觉。他们喜欢这种感觉，并希望尽可能多地体验这种感觉。故划线部分it指代的是“愉快的感觉”。故选D。
42.B【解析】词句猜测题。根据上文“Other peple dn't take risks fr the feeling f excitement but t achieve a gal…He wrked t help save the wildlife there”可知，一些人不会因为兴奋而冒险，而是为了达到一个目标而进行冒险活动，费伊的探险队就是这样的组织，他们的目标是保护野生动物，故划线部分expeditin意味着“有着特殊目标的旅程”。故选B。
43.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“Sme peple take risks simply because it makes them feel gd…Other peple dn't take risks fr the feeling f excitement but t achieve a gal…Fr ther peple, such as extreme athletes (极限运动员), taking risks is part f their jb”可知，文中一共提到了三种极限运动员，分别是因为冒险带来的感受、完成特定的目标、工作需要。故选A。
44.C 【解析】细节理解题。A选项：迈克·费伊是个专业的冒险者。根据“Other peple dn't take risks fr the feeling f excitement but t achieve a gal”可知，迈克·费伊是为了特定的目标而冒险的，选项错误；B选项：大多数人在日常生活中不会冒险。根据“Hwever, we still take risks in ur lives”可知，选项错误；C选项：极限运动员比其他运动员更好地应对极端危险。根据“In a dangerus activity, mst peple prbably d nt feel in cntrl. Extreme athletes are different: they feel in cntrl in dangerus situatins”可知，极限运动员比普通运动员能更好地处理危险，选项正确；D选项：Darn Rahlves主要是为了改变和兴奋而冒险。根据“Fr ther peple, such as extreme athletes (极限运动员), taking risks is part f their jb”可知，他是因为工作需要而冒险，选项错误。故选C。
Passage 33【2020 •江西省】
Hw d yu feel abut nature? After spending hurs indrs, d yu feel better when yu visit yur lcal park? Mst peple think that nature is gd fr ur bdies and brains. Hwever, humans are spending mre time inside and less time utside. Fr example, the number f visitrs t Canada’s natinal parks is getting lwer every year. And in cuntries such as the USA, nly 10% f teenagers spend time utside every day. Many dctrs feel that this is a prblem in the twenty—first century.
As a result, sme dctrs are studying the cnnectin between nature and health: ne example f this is the wrk f Dr Matilda in Sweden. The dctr gave peple a maths test. During the test, their heart rates (心率) were fast. After the test, ne grup f peple sat in a 3D—virtual—reality (虚拟现实) rm fr fifteen minutes with pictures and sunds f nature. Their heart rates were slwer than peple's in the ther grup.
The virtual tuch with nature helped them feel mre relaxed. Anther gd example f hw nature is gd fr health cmes frm Canada. In Trnt, researchers studied 31,000 peple living in the city. In general, they fund that healthier peple lived near parks.
Because f studies like these, sme cuntries and cities want nature t be part f peple’s everyday life. In Dubai (迪拜), fr example, there are plans fr a new shpping mall with a large garden s shppers can relax utside with trees, plants and water. In Switzerland, “frest schls” are ppular. Schlchildren study their subjects in the frests and d lts f exercise utside. And Suth Krea (韩国) is anther gd example: it has new frests near its cities and arund 13 millin peple visit these frests every year. S after building cities fr s lng, perhaps it’s nw time t start rebuilding nature.
45. What des Paragraph 1 mainly talk abut?
A. Teenagers’ prblem in the 21st century.B. Hw much time we spend utdrs.
C. Visiting yur lcal park.D. Feeling abut nature.
46. Match the cuntries r cities with the infrmatin and chse the right answer.
①the USA a. Children study in the frests and d lts f activities utside.
②Dubai b. Abut 13 millin peple visit new frests near its cities every year.
③Switzerland c. A new shpping mall with a large garden will be built.
④Suth Krea d. 10% f teenagers spend time utside every day.
A. ①—a ②—d ③—b ④—cB. ①—d ②—c ③—a ④—b
C. ①—a ②—c ③—d ④—bD. ①—d ②—c ③—b ④—a
47. What d the results f the studies shw?
A. Mre and mre Canadians will live near parks.
B. The maths test is difficult and makes peple nervus.
C. Nature can help peple feel mre relaxed and be healthier.
D. Peple's heart rates get slwer in a 3D—virtual—reality rm.
48. What can we infer frm the last sentence f the passage?
A. Nature is mre imprtant than cities.B. Cuntry life is healthier than city life.
C. Peple have lived in the cities fr s lng.D. Nature shuld be part f peple’s daily life.
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了大自然对人类的身体健康有益，一些国家和城市正在积极地采取措施，让大自然成为我们生活的一部分。
45.B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Hwever, humans are spending mre time inside and less time utside…Many dctrs feel that this is a prblem in the twenty—first century”可知，本段主要以加拿大、美国等国家人们的户外活动时间情况为例，介绍了如今人们的户外活动时间正在逐渐减少。故选B。
46.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“And in cuntries such as the USA, nly 10% f teenagers spend time utside every day”可知，美国只有10%的青少年每天都在户外活动，故①—d；根据“In Dubai(迪拜), fr example, there are plans fr a new shpping mall with a large garden…”可知，迪拜的一座带有大花园的新的购物中心即将建成，故②—c；根据“In Switzerland, “frest schls” are ppular. Schlchildren study their subjects in the frests and d lts f exercise utside”可知，在瑞士，“森林学校”很受欢迎。小学生们在森林里学习他们的科目，在外面做大量的运动，故③—a；根据“And Suth Krea (韩国) is anther gd example: it has new frests near its cities and arund 13 millin peple visit these frests every year”可知，在韩国，每年大约有1300万人参观城市附近的森林，故④—b。故选B。
47.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“The virtual tuch with nature helped them feel mre relaxed. Anther gd example f hw nature is gd fr health cmes frm Canada”可知，实验结果显示，自然能够帮助人们放松，并且让人们更健康。故选C。
48.D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“sme cuntries and cities want nature t be part f peple’s everyday life…S after building cities fr s lng, perhaps it’s nw time t start rebuilding nature”可知，在建设了这么长时间的城市之后，也许现在是时候开始重建自然了，这句话意味着“我们应该重建自然，让自然成为我们生活的一部分”。故选D。
Passage 34【2020 •丹东市】
Mst peple think sleepwalkers (梦游者) walking arund at night. But in fact, nt all sleepwalkers walk. Sme nly sit up r get ut f bed r act like hw they ften d during the day when they are sleeping! But mst sleep walkers d get up and g arund fr a few secnds r half an hur.
Sleepwalkers' eyes are pen, but they dn't see the same way as they d during the day, and they ften think they are in different rms f the huse r different places. Sleepwalkers usually g back t bed themselves and they dn't remember it in the mrning.
Scientists say that sleepwalking may smetimes happen when a persn is sick, has a fever, is nt getting enugh sleep, r he has much stress.
There's n medicine fr sleepwalking, but here are sme ideas frm dctrs t help sleepwalkers:
·Relax at bedtime by listening t quiet music.
·G t bed at the same time every day.
·Keep everything quiet when yu are trying t sleep.
·Dn't drink a lt in the evening and be sure yu g t the washrm befre ging t bed.
Remember: dn't shut t sleepwalkers when they're sleeping, r they can get cnfused (迷惑的) and scared.
41. When sleepwalkers are sleeping, ________.
A. all f them nly sit upB. all f them get ut f bed
C. mst f them walk the whle nightD. sme f them act like hw they d during the day
42. When sleepwalkers g arund at night, they can't ________.
A. seeB. rememberC. walkD. think
43. The third paragraph (自然段) mainly tells us ________ at night.
A. what sleepwalkers dB. hw sleepwalkers act
C. why sleepwalking happensD. where sleepwalkers g
44. Sleepwalkers shuld ________.
A. take the medicine n timeB. fllw the dctrs' instructins
C. try t sleep earlyD. keep calm all the times
45. Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the passage?
A. Peple wh sleepwalk are easily scared during the day.
B. Sleepwalkers can't find the way t their beds.
C. Sleepwalkers shuld drink much befre sleeping.
D. Sleepwalkers shuld listen t quiet music at bedtime.
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍梦游者的特点、产生的原因以及医生的建议。
41.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“nt all sleepwalkers walk. Sme nly sit up r get ut f bed r act like hw they ften d during the day when they are sleeping! But mst sleep walkers d get up and g arund fr a few secnds r half an hur”可知一些人坐起来或者下床或者像白天经常做的那样行动，故选D。
42.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“they dn't see the same way as they d during the day, and they ften think they are in different rms f the huse r different places. Sleepwalkers usually g back t bed themselves and they dn't remember it in the mrning”当梦游者晚上四处走动，他们早上记不得晚上发生的这些事情。故选B。
43.C【解析】段落大意题。根据“Scientists say that sleepwalking may smetimes happen when a persn is sick, has a fever, is nt getting enugh sleep, r he has much stress.”可知第三段主要讲的是梦游发生的原因，有生病，发烧，睡眠不足和压力过大。故选C。
44.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“There's n medicine fr sleepwalking” “G t bed at the same time every day”“ here are sme ideas frm dctrs t help sleepwalkers”“ Remember: dn't shut t sleepwalkers when they're sleeping”可知梦游者没有特定的药品，每天要在相同的时间睡觉，当梦游者睡觉时别人不能向他们大叫，医生的一些建议对梦游者是有帮助的。故选B。
45.D【解析】推理判断题。根据“Remember: dn't shut t sleepwalkers when they're sleeping, r they can get cnfused and scared. ”可知A选项“ during the day”表述错误。根据“Sleepwalkers usually g back t bed themselves”可知B选项“can't find the way t their beds”表述错误。根据“Dn't drink a lt in the evening”可知C选项“shuld drink much”表述错误。根据“Relax at bedtime by listening t quiet music”可知D选项表述正确。故选D。
Passage 35【2020 •沈阳市】
Lts f students are interested in wild animals such as elephants, tigers, snakes, zebras, giraffes and s n. Here's sme infrmatin abut zebras and giraffes.
Zebras live in sme parts f Africa. They live in grups. That's why we ften see zebras walking and running in grups. Zebras lk a lt like hrses. In fact, hrses are their nearest relatives. Zebras are famus fr their black and white stripes (条纹). Each zebra's pattern (图案) f stripes is different. The patterns lk similar, but they are unique like humans' fingerprints (指纹). N tw have the same pattern. Hw d zebras prtect themselves frm their enemies? They can stay alive because they run fast t avid lins and ther enemies.
Giraffes live in parts f Africa, t. They are brwn and yellw. Their patterns are different. Giraffes are the tallest animals f all. They are ne f the wrld's heaviest animals, and their hearts are the biggest f any animals. They have lng legs and lng necks. Their necks are lng, s they can reach high int trees t cat the leaves, which give giraffes mst f the water they need. Giraffe's lng legs mean they take big steps when they walk r run. They can run very fast, s they can prtect themselves frm dangerus animals such as lins.
30. The Chinese meaning f the underlined wrd "unique" is ________.
A. 独一无二的B. 完全相同的C. 常见的D. 相似的
31. What can we infer (推断) frm Paragraph (段落) Tw?
A. Zebras are all frm Asia.B. Lins may catch the slw zebras.
C. Zebras are black r white.D. Lins always live by themselves.
32. Accrding t the text, giraffes can prtect themselves because they have ________.
A. lng legsB. big heartsC. heavy bdiesD. strng necks
33. Which f the fllwing is the same enemy fr zebras and giraffes in the text?
A. SnakesB. Elephants.C. TigersD. Lins
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍斑马和长颈鹿的外貌和习性以及如何保护自己。
30.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段“ like humans' fingerprints (指纹). N tw have the same pattern”可知unique的意思是“独一无二的”。故选A。
31.B【解析】推理判断题。根据“Zebras live in sme parts f Africa. They live in grups”可知斑马在非洲的一些地方，它们群居，A选项和D选项表述错误。根据“ Zebras are famus fr their black and white stripes”斑马有黑白的条纹，C选项“black r white”表述错误。根据“they run fast t avid lins”斑马跑得快才能避免被狮子逮住，可推知狮子可能会捉到跑得慢的斑马。故选B。
32.A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Giraffe's lng legs mean they take big steps when they walk r run. They can run very fast, s they can prtect themselves frm dangerus animals”长颈鹿的长腿可以让它们跑得快，可以保护自己。故选A。
33.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“They can stay alive because they run fast t avid lins and ther enemies.”及第三段“they can prtect themselves frm dangerus animals such as lins. ”可知斑马和长颈鹿共同的敌人是狮子。故选D。
Passage 36【2020 •沈阳市】
Starting high schl can be difficult. Everyne is nervus and nbdy knws where t g fr classes. Thinking abut making new friends might make yu feel nervus, t. But dn't wrry, because yu are nt alne. Yu are ging t schl with a grup f students f yur age, and we have several suggestins fr yu t fllw.
Frget yur fear and just talk t sme
Dn't be afraid t get clse t strangers. Intrduce yurself and start a cnversatin abut smething yu have in cmmn. Sit in the middle f the classrm with many new friends arund yu as pssible.
Jin clubs
Take part in after-schl activities that interest yu. Try t make friends in clubs. If yu jin anything, yu will be just ging t classes and then ging hme. Being in a club makes yu mre scial.
Stay clean
N ne likes a bad smell that culd knck smebdy ver. Shwer every day, brush yur and wash yur hair. Yu shuld make yurself lk clean and tidy, whatever yu wear.
Be respectful f pepled differences
Everyne has his r her wn pinin (观点) f the wrld. And everyne believes different things. It's a gd thing t have different friends with different pinins because yu can each share yur wn.
34. The fllwing things can help yu get used t high schl EXCEPT ________.
A. playing with students f yur ageB. staying in the classrm n yur wn
C. starting a cnversatin with thersD. frgetting yur fear and talking t sme
35. Yu can make friends with thers by ________.
A. sitting at the back f the classrmB. just ging t classes and then ging hme
C. wearing the mst beautiful clthesD. taking part in after-schl activities in clubs
36. What's the writer's attitude (看法) abut peple's differences?
A. Respect each ther.B. Only believe yurself.
C. Sharing isn't needed.D. Dn't have different pinins.
37. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. The ways t start a clubB. Face yur fear bravely
C. Hw t start high schlD. Keep clean and tidy
这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述适应高中生活的四点建议。
34.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Frget yur fear and just talk t sme. Intrduce yurself and start a cnversatin abut smething yu have in cmmn. Sit in the middle f the classrm with many new friends”忘掉恐惧，主动和别人聊天，聊一些共同的话题，和新朋友待在一起，可知B选项自己独自一人待在教室不符合。故选B。
35.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Take part in after-schl activities that interest yu. Try t make friends in clubs. If yu jin anything, yu will be just ging t classes and then ging hme. Being in a club makes yu mre scial. ”参加放学后的活动，可以在俱乐部里交朋友。故选D。
36.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“Be respectful f pepled differences”可知对于人们的不同点要尊重。故选A。
37.C【解析】标题概括题。根据第一段“we have several suggestins fr yu t fllw”及后面的小标题可知文章主要介绍适应高中生活的四点建议。标题可概括为Hw t start high schl。故选C。
Passage 37【2020 •铁岭葫芦岛】
If yu live in Shanghai, yu might have taken a "lessn" n garbage srting(垃圾分类), Shanghai is the first city t carry ut(实施)strict rules n garbage srting. Peple in Shanghai knw that garbage is srted int fur categries(类别)—recyclable, harmful, dry and wet waste. If peple fail t srt their garbage prperly, they can be fined up t 200 yuan, while cmpanies will have t pay between 1,000 t 50,000 yuan fr breaking the rules. Since the rules tk effect, the amunt f ttal daily waste in Shanghai has been reduced. The city als rebuilt 21,000 waste-srting statins and mre than 40,000 waste bins have been updated.
Hwever, there have als been sme prblems. Sme peple cmplained that it is difficult t deal with wet garbage, as they are asked t remve wet garbage frm its bag when dumping. Accrding t the srting rules, the wet garbage must g in the wet waste bin and the bag must g in the dry waste bin. Because the wet garbage will decmpse(分解)prperly ad becme useful rganic(有机的)waste.
By the end f 2020, garbage-srting systems will be set up in 46 cities in ur cuntry. Everyne shuld take an active part in garbage srting.
41. ________ is the first city t carry ut strict rules n garbage srting.
A. BeijingB. ShanghaiC. ShenzhenD. Chngqing
42. Garbage srting includes fur categries—recyclable, ________, dry and wet waste.
A. harmfulB. usefulC. helpfulD. clrful
43. The underlined wrd "fined" means "________"in Chinese.
A. 责备B. 奖励C. 罚款D. 提高
44. _______, garbage-srting systems will be set up in 46 cities arund the cuntry.
A. In 2021B. By the end f 2020C. Since 2020D. At the beginning f 2020
45. Accrding t the passage, we can learn that garbage srting is ________.
A. awfulB. relaxingC. painfulD. necessary
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了以上海为首的城市正在积极地实行垃圾分类政策，我们每个人都应参与到垃圾分类中来。
41.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Shanghai is the first city t carry ut(实施)strict rules n garbage srting”可知，上海是第一个严格实施垃圾分类政策的城市。故选B。
42.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Peple in Shanghai knw that garbage is srted int fur categries(类别)—recyclable, harmful, dry and wet waste”可知，垃圾分类包括：可回收物、有害垃圾、干垃圾和湿垃圾。故选A。
43.C【解析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“If peple fail t srt their garbage prperly, they can be fined up t 200yuan”可知，如果垃圾分类不当，最高可处罚款200元，故划线部分fined意为“罚款”。故选C。
44.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“By the end f 2020, garbage-srting systems will be set up in 46 cities in ur cuntry”可知，到2020年底，我国46个城市将建成垃圾分类系统。故选B。
45.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Since the rules tk effect, the amunt f ttal daily waste in Shanghai has been reduced”及最后一段“Everyne shuld take an active part in garbage srting”可知，上海自从实行垃圾分类政策，垃圾总量明显减少，我们每个人都应该积极实行垃圾分类，故实行垃圾分类是必要的。故选D。
Passage 38【2020 •铁岭葫芦岛】
If there are n museums, n theaters, n libraries in the place where yu live, will yu feel bred at hme? There is n need fr yu t wrry abut it, as we are living in the Internet era(网络时代). Here are sme great nline resurces(资源). They can make ur life clrful.
Online museums
If yu are a fan f museums, g t the Natinal Museum f China's fficial website. There are VR exhibitins(虚拟现实展览), livestreaming(直播)classes and many ther resurces. Fr example, an exhibitin abut Cnfucius (孔子) is ging n right nw. Yu can learn abut his life and ancient culture during the Spring and Autumn Perid(770-476 BC). There are als pictures and vides f the relics(文物), such as bianzhng and bks.
Online cncerts
Pp singers are nw turning their wn hmes int livehuses! With micrphnes and musical instruments, they are hlding nline cncerts. Ppular nes include "Dulive Sfa Cncert" n Duyin and "I'm With Yu" n Sina Weib. G and find yur favrite singers!
If yu are mre interested in classical music, g t the Natinal Center fr the Perfrming Arts website. Yu'll find many vides f artists frm arund the wrld playing music fr yu—fr free!
Online libraries
There are many nline libraries where yu can read bks fr free, such as the Natinal Online libraries Library f China and Shanghai Library. There yu can find all kinds f bks yu like.
46. Because f living in the Internet era, we can have a ________ life.
A. clrfulB. bringC. safeD. terrible
47. If yu want t knw smething abut Cnfucius, yu can g t _______.
A. Sina Weib
B. Dulive Sft Cncert
C. The Natinal Museum f China's fficial website
D. The Natinal Center fr the Per frming Arts website.
48. Yu can find yur favrite ________n Sina Weib frm the passage.
A. singersB. picturesC. bksD. vides
49. Several nline resurces are mentined in the passage Except ________.
A. nline librariesB. nline cncertsC. nline museumsD. nline schl
50. The best title f the passage is "________".
A. Our happy lifeB. Livestreaming classesC. Online resurcesD. Musical instruments
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些网络资源，如网络博物馆、网络音乐会、网络图书馆，这些网络资源让我们的生活丰富多彩。
46.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“…as we are living in the Internet era(网络时代). Here are sme great nline resurces(资源). They can make ur life clrful”可知，因为我们生活在网络时代，所以我们有丰富多彩的生活。故选A。
47.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“If yu are a fan f museums, g t the Natinal Museum f China's fficial website…an exhibitin abut Cnfucius (孔子) is ging n right nw.”可知，如果你想了解孔子的一些事情，你可以登录中国国家博物馆的网站。故选C。
48.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段“…‘I'm With Yu' n Sina Weib. G and find yur favrite singers!”可知，在新浪微博你可以找到你最喜欢的歌手。故选A。
49.D【解析】细节理解题。根据“Online museums…Online cncerts…Online libraries”可知，文章提到了网络博物馆、网络音乐会、网络图书馆等网络资源，唯独没有提到“网络学校”。故选D。
50.C【解析】最佳标题题。根据第一段“Here are sme great nline resurces(资源). They can make ur life clrful”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一些网络资源，如网络博物馆、网络音乐会、网络图书馆。故“网络资源”可作为本文标题。故选C。
Passage 39【2020 •青海省】
Over the last six mnths, the crnavirus pandemic (冠状病毒疫情) has affected different cuntries and regins in different ways. Here, we’ll take a lk at a few f the mst imprtant events that have happened.
Italy shuts dwn
On March 10, the Italian gvernment decided t put the whle cuntry n lckdwn after the number f cases (病例) in the cuntry started increasing quickly, peple were suggested nt leaving their hme. The first case was detected (检测到) as early as January 31. In the fllwing weeks, the number f cases reached ver 10,000 by the time f the lckdwn. The lckdwn affected 16 millin peple acrss the cuntry. Italy was ne f the first f many cuntries that carried ut lckdwns t prevent the spread f the virus.
WHO declares pandemic
On March 11, Wrld Health Organizatin (WHO) fficially characterized (描述) COVID-19 as a pandemic. This was because f a grwing number f cases arund the wrld. By this time, there were mre than 20,0000 cases in Eurpe, including 1,000 deaths, as well as 1,000 cases in the US.
Summer Olympics delayed
On March 24, President f the Internatinal Olympic Cmmittee ( IOC) Thmas Bach annunced the 2020 Summer Olympic Games, which were planned t be held in Tky, wuld be delayed until the fllwing year in the interest f prtecting pubic safety.
US hits ver 1 millin cases
On April 28, the US fficially recrded ver ne millin COVID-19 cases natinwide. This came just fur days after it was annunced that the virus had resulted in ver 50,000 deaths acrss the cuntry. The virus spread rapidly acrss the cuntry, as the first case had been recrded three mnths earlier.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
41. The events in the passage are all cnnected with ________.
A. Italy’s lckdwnB. Olympic games
C. US casesD. the crnavirus pandemic
42. In Paragraph 2, the underlined wrd “lckdwn” prbably means ________.
A. 封城B. 控制C. 关押D. 锁定
43. COVID-19 was fficially annunced as a pandemic because it ________.
A. caused the lckdwnsB. had a grwing number f cases in the wrld
C. culd result in deathD. spread quickly in Eurpe
44. 2020 Summer Olympic Games in Tky will be delayed because ________.
A. peple may nt g during the pandemicB. the cases in Asia increased quickly
C. it hasn’t been well-preparedD. it’s necessary t prtect public safety
45. It tk ________ fr the number f COVID-19 cases in the US t reach ver ne millin.
A. fur daysB. twenty-eight days
C. three mnthsD. fur mnths
文章大意：本文主要讲述了在过去的六个月，冠状病毒疫情以不同的方式影响不同的国家和地区。
41.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第1段中“Over the last six mnths, the crnavirus pandemic has affected different cuntries and regins in different ways.”结合全文内容可知这些事都和冠状病毒疫情有关。故选D。
42.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在语境中“peple were suggested nt leaving their hme”可知人们被建议不要离开自己的家，由此可知意大利政府是决定封锁全国。lckdwn意为“封城”。故选A。
43.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第3段中“On March 11, Wrld Health Organizatin (WHO) fficially characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic. This was because f a grwing number f cases arund the wrld.”可知世界卫生组织正式将COVID-19定性为流行病是因为世界各地的病例越来越多。故选B。
44.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第4段中“... the 2020 Summer Olympic Games ... wuld be delayed until the fllwing year in the interest f prtecting pubic safety.”可知东京2020年夏季奥运会被推迟是为了保护公众安全。故选D。
45.C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“On April 28, the US fficially recrded ver ne millin COVID-19 cases natinwide. ... as the first case had been recrded three mnths earlier.”可知4月28日时美国冠状病毒的病例超过了一百万，而第一例病例是在3个月前记录的，可知到达一百万用了3个月。故选C。
Passage 40【2020•湖北省黄石市】

The giant panda is an animal ppular with peple all ver the wrld. With their black and white fur and sft rund bdies, they are lved by the ld and yung. D yu lve them? If yu d, why nt jin in a panda vlunteer prgram? Here are sme tips fr yu if yu want t be a vlunteer f the prgrams.
Bk（预定） Early
If yu dn't bk early, the prgrams may becme fully bked. Sme vlunteer prgrams limit（限制） the number f the vlunteers. We suggest bking at least ne week in advance（提前）.
Fllw the instructins
Giant pandas lead a very different life. Smetimes, it is very hard fr them t stand utside influences. We'd better nt disturb（打扰）their peaceful life, s sme f the activities might be changed r canceled.
•Please d nt make any nise r mvements that might disturb the pandas.
•Please d nt get clse t the pandas r thrw fd t them, unless the panda keeper tells yu t d s. It might disturb the pandas' eating habits and cause them t becme sick.
•Fr yur safety d nt get int the cage. Tuch the adult pandas r let them tuch yu, unless the panda keeper tells yu t d s.
•D nt take phts r vides unless it's allwed.
Dress Cde
T prtect yurself when carrying bamb, please d nt wear shrts r slippery（滑的）shes. Als, pandas have a very keen（敏锐的）sense f smell. As yu will get very clse t them, pleased d nt wear perfume（香水）r nail plish.
26．If yu dn’t bk the prgram early, it may ________.
A．be changedB．be canceled
C．be put ffD．becme fully bked
27．The writer suggests bking at least ________in advance.
A．ne weekB．tw weeksC．three weeksD．fur weeks
28．Which f the fllwing is NOT TRUE, accrding t the passage?
A．D nt make any nise that might disturb the pandas.
B．Yu can thrw fd t the pandas freely if yu like.
C．D nt get int the cage withut being tld t d s.
D．D nt take phts r vides unless it's allwed.
29．Why are yu advised nt t wear shrts r slippery shes when carrying bamb?
A．T prtect pandas.B．T prtect bamb.
C．T prtect yurself.D．T prtect thers
30．Wh may be interested in this passage?
A．A peace lver.B．A panda lverC．A music lverD．A panda keeper.
这是一篇说明文，文章主要是给想参加熊猫志愿者项目的人的一些建议，要提前预订，要遵循一些规则以及穿着的注意事项。
26．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“If yu dn't bk early, the prgrams may becme fully bked”如果你不早点预订的话，项目可能被预订满了。故选D。
27．A【解析】细节理解题。根据“We suggest bking at least ne week in advance”建议至少提前一周预订。故选A。
28．B【解析】推理判断题。根据“d nt make any nise r mvements that might disturb the pandas” 可知A选项表述正确。根据“Please d nt get clse t the pandas r thrw fd t them” 可知B选项表述错误。 根据“Fr yur safety d nt get int the cage. Tuch the adult pandas r let them tuch yu, unless the panda keeper tells yu t d s.” 可知C选项表述正确。根据“D nt take phts r vides unless it's allwed”可知D选项表述正确。故选B。
29．C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“T prtect yurself when carrying bamb, please d nt wear shrts r slippery shes”可知是为了保护你自己。故选C。
30．B【解析】推理判断题。A peace lver和平爱好者。A panda lver熊猫爱好者。A music lver音乐爱好者。A panda keeper熊猫管理员。根据第一段“D yu lve them? If yu d, why nt jin in a panda vlunteer prgram? Here are sme tips fr yu if yu want t be a vlunteer f the prgrams”文章主要是写给喜欢熊猫想参加熊猫志愿者项目的人。故选B。
Passage 41【2020•湖北省黄石市】
In the last passage we've already talked abut sme dangerus plants, but we dn’t want t give anyne the wrng idea. The truth is that sme plants can hurt yu, but mst are cmpletely harmless. In fact, there are plenty f plants that are actually very useful t humans.
That is why plants are s ppular in Chinese medicine. Chinese medicine has been using plants fr at least 4, 800 years. One f the mst ppular plants in Chinese medicine is ginseng（人参）. Dctrs f Chinese medicine believe that ginseng can help yur lungs（肺）, clean yur bld and d many ther thing. Ginseng als prvides energy fr peple. In fact, many mdern energy drinks that yu see in stres have ginseng.
In sme parts f U.S., there is a plant called lady fern（蹄盖蕨）. This is the plant yu need if yu’ve been stung by a bee, r if yu’ve gt a small burn r a cut. Lady ferns are great fr making yur skin feel better. All yu have t d is rll ne f its leaves and make it int pieces in yur hands. The juice inside the leaf will help yur skin feel better.
If yu’re hiking in Eurpe, lk fr a flwer called tansy（艾菊）. This yellw flwer is a natural insects' enemy. Yu just rub it n yur skin, and insects will leave yu alne.
Sage（鼠尾草）is ne f the mst useful plants in the wrld. Because it has s many uses it's als quite valuable. Human beings have been using sage fr a very lng time. In Eurpe befre fridges appeared, peple used sage t keep fd. Over the years, peple have used sage t fight all kinds f health prblems. Sage has been used t treat clds, stp muscle（肌肉）prblems and reduce（减少） swelling. In fact, sage cmes frm the Latin wrd “salvere”, which means “t be saved”.
31．Hw many kinds f useful plants are mentined in the passage?
A．2B．3C．4D．5
32．Which f the fllwing abut ginseng is NOT TRUE?
A．It's still being used in Chinese medicine.
B．It can make peple feel sleepy.
C．It can be fund in many mdern energy drinks.
D．It is helpful t ur lungs and bld.
33．Lady ferns can make yur ________feel better.
A．SkinB．muscleC．burnD．cut
34．What des the passage say abut sage?
A．It's the mst useful plant in the wrld.B．It hasn’t been used by peple fr lng.
C．It was nce used t keep fd in Eurpe.D．Its name cmes frm a German wrd.
35．What can be the best title fr this passage?
A．Hw t prtect plantsB．Sme harmful plants
C．Hw t grw plantsD．Sme useful plants
这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了四种对人有作用的植物。
31．C【解析】推理判断题。根据“ginseng” “lady fern” “tansy”及“Sage”可知共有四种植物。故选C。
32．B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Chinese medicine has been using plants fr at least 4, 800 years. One f the mst ppular plants in Chinese medicine is ginseng ”可知A选项表述正确。 “Ginseng als prvides energy fr peple”可知B选项表述错误。根据“In fact, many mdern energy drinks that yu see in stres have ginseng”可知C选项表述正确。根据“Dctrs f Chinese medicine believe that ginseng can help yur lungs, clean yur bld and d many ther thing”可知D选项表述正确。故选B。
33．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Lady ferns are great fr making yur skin feel better… The juice inside the leaf will help yur skin feel better”可知蹄盖蕨可让你的皮肤变好。故选A。
34．C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ne f the mst useful plants in the wrld”可知A选项表述错误。根据“Human beings have been using sage fr a very lng time”可知B选项表述错误。根据“In Eurpe befre fridges appeared, peple used sage t keep fd”可知C选项表述正确。根据“In fact, sage cmes frm the Latin wrd ‘salvere’, which means ‘t be saved’ ”可知D选项表述错误。故选C。
35．D【解析】标题概括题。文章介绍了四种对人有作用的植物，标题可概括为Sme useful plants。故选D。
Passage 42【2020•湖北省黄石市】
There are cuntless myths（神话）t explain hw the wrld came t have a mn t bring light t the night time. But nw there is a plan fr a man-made mn. It will give us far mre light than the natural Mn.
China is preparing t put a man-made mn in the sky abve Chengdu by 2020. It will reflect sunlight back n t the Earth. If it succeeds, three mre such bjects will be sent ut in 2022, accrding t Wu Chunfeng, a space scientist. Wu said it wuld be similar t hw we get mnlight, but he predicted that the man-made mn wuld have eight times the brightness f the real ne. “This is because the bject will be abut 500 kilmeters abve the Earth. That will make it a lt clser t us than the Mn, which is ver 380,000 kilmeters away,” Wu added.
If the plan wrks, the man-made mn will save a lt f pwer. Scientists predict that Chengdu culd save arund 1.2 billin yuan in electricity every year if a new mn lit up 50 square kilmeters f the city. And in 2022, fur man-made mns can take turns t wrk as they will nt always be in the best psitin（位置）relative t the Sun. Tgether, they can give light t an area f up t 6, 400 square kilmeters n the Earth fr 24hurs. That means its brightness will be seen in mst areas in China, reducing the need fr streetlights.
36．Abve which city is China preparing t put a man-made mn in the sky by 2020?
A．BeijingB．ShanghaiC．ChengduD．Wuhan
37．The underlined wrd “reflect” in Paragraph2 means“________”.
A．吸收B．反射C．照耀D．覆盖
38．The man-made mn will be abut ________abve the Earth.
A．500 kilmetersB．380,000 kilmetersC．50 kilmetersD．6,400 kilmeters
39．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．The man-made mn will be as bright as the natural ne.
B．The man-made mn will wrk similarly t the natural ne.
C．The man-made mn has already lit up the city f Chengdu.
D．The man-made mnlight will cver the whle china.
40．Which part f a newspaper may this passage be frm?
A．CultureB．SprtsC．EducatinD．Science
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了人造月亮计划的基本情况。
36．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“China is preparing t put a man-made mn in the sky abve Chengdu by 2020”可知是在成都。故选C。
37．B【解析】词义猜测题。根据“sunlight back n t the Earth”可知reflect表示“反射”。故选B。
38．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“the bject will be abut 500 kilmeters abve the Earth”人造月亮在地球上空500千米。故选A。
39．B【解析】推理判断题。根据“Wu said it wuld be similar t hw we get mnlight, but he predicted that the man-made mn wuld have eight times the brightness f the real ne”可知A选项“as bright as the natural ne”表述错误。B选项“The man-made mn will wrk similarly t the natural ne.”人造月亮和月亮的工作相同，表述正确。根据“China is preparing t put a man-made mn in the sky abve Chengdu by 2020”可知C选项“has already lit up the city f Chengdu”表述错误。根据“they can give light t an area f up t 6, 400 square kilmeters n the Earth fr 24hurs. That means its brightness will be seen in mst areas in China, reducing the need fr streetlights”可知D选项“the whle china”表述错误。故选B。
40．D【解析】推理判断题。culture文化；sprts运动；educatin教育；science科学。文章主要介绍的是人造月亮，可推知来自于报纸的科学版面。故选D。
Passage 43【2020•湖北省天门、仙桃、潜江、江汉油田】
Nature is amazing! Take a clse lk at the wrld f insects (昆虫) and yu will discver many unbelievable things. Cnsider butterflies, fr example. They have beautiful, clrful wings, and strng. steady flying skills. On summer days, we see them flying gracefully ver flwer gardens and wild fields.
But, d yu knw that butterflies live three separate lives befre they becme the flying insects we all knw? They begin their lives as ne thing, change int anther, and then anther. Finally, they change int beautiful flying insects. It’s true. And it’s ne f the wnders f nature.
In the beginning, there is an egg, it’s usually small and clrful. A female butterfly lays an egg n a leaf f a plant. When yu lk at this tiny egg, it’s hard t believe that in a few days, it will becme smething cmpletely different.
In time, it changes int a new life. N lnger the small egg becmes a walking insect. This insect is called a caterpillar. It nw has legs, eyes, a muth and a large bdy. A new life has begun. The caterpillar eats, and eats, and eats. It can walk. It can see. But it is still nt a butterfly. Sn, after grwing big, the Caterpillar makes a cver fr itself. It wraps (包裹) itself in this nice prtective blanket and ges t sleep. This stage (阶段) f a butterfly’s life is knwn as the “pupa” stage.
What happens next is truly amazing!
After a perid f time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It nw has six legs, a muth, eyes and wings. Sn, the wings fill with bld, and the beautiful, clrful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away.
After a few weeks pass, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all ver again.
This is just ne example f the wnders f nature. Lk arund the natural wrld, and yu will learn many truly amazing things.
34．________ is a “caterpillar”.
A．B．C．D．
35．Accrding t the passage, it’s clear that butterflies ________.
A．have three separate lives in all
B．have clrful wings with n legs
C．can be seen in flwer gardens in summer
D．are small eggs with n clr at the beginning
36．The last paragraph means we shuld ________.
A．take a clse lk at the insect wrld
B．prtect all kinds f animals and plants
C．discver the different frms f different things
D．g int the nature and enjy the wnders f the wrld
本文是一篇说明文，主要以蝴蝶的生长发育过程为例说明了大自然的神奇。
34．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“N lnger the small egg becmes a walking insect. This insect is called a caterpillar. It nw has legs, eyes, a muth and a large bdy”可知，毛毛虫不会走路，但它有腿，有眼睛，有嘴巴和一个大大的身体。综上所述，B项中的图片所展示的是一只毛毛虫。故选B。
35．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“On summer days, we see them flying gracefully ver flwer gardens and wild fields”可知，在夏天，我们能看到蝴蝶在花园飞舞。故选C。
36．D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Lk arund the natural wrld, and yu will learn many truly amazing things”可知，环顾自然界，你会学到许多真正令人惊奇的东西，故最后一段的意思是：我们应该走进大自然，享受世界奇观。故选D。
Passage 44【2020•鄂州市】
阅读下面四篇材料，根据其内容，选择正确答案或完成阅读任务
When yu think f the Arctic (北极), yu imagine an icy land f pure white snw. Others imagine it as the last really clean place left n earth. We have plluted the deepest ceans with plastic rubbish. “And nw”, CNN says, “It’s the Arctic’s turn.”
German scientists have recently fund micrplastics in Arctic snw. Micrplastics are pieces f plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. Sadly, the scientists fund 1800 pieces f micrplastics per liter f (每升) snw.
Hw is plastic pllutin reaching the Arctic? Accrding t scientists, “It’s clear that mst f the micrplastics in the snw cme frm the air.” They fall ff the plastic bjects and are mved by the wind, just like dust. They mix with ice in the air and fall t the grund as snw. Finding these plastics in Arctic snw means that we may breathe them in.
Are they bad fr us? Scientists cannt answer this questin fr nw, accrding t the WHO. We d knw that ur bdies cannt take in “large” pieces f micrplastics. Hwever, if the plastics are small enugh, they can find ways int ur bdies and stay there fr a lng time, which can be bad fr ur health. What’s mre, earlier studies have shwn that micrplastics may cntribute t lung cancer risk.
Micrplastics have als been fund in rivers and ceans arund the wrld. Earlier research has fund that they flw ver lng distances and int ur ceans, hurting ecsystems alng the way. They start in ur wastewater, then flw int rivers and ut t the sea, where they are eaten by sea animals. If peple then eat these animals, it means that we’re eating the plastic as well.
31. We can learn frm Paragraph 1 that________.
A. the Arctic is the last really clean place left n earth
B. the Arctic is an icy land f pure white snw
C. the Arctic is a beautiful icy land with clean air
D. the Arctic has been plluted by plastic rubbish
32. The underlined wrd “cntribute” means “_______” in Chinese.
A. 增加B. 捐献C. 造成D. 是……原因之一
33. Where d mst f the micrplastics in the snw cme frm?
A. Frm water.B. Frm air.C. Frm wind.D. Frm fd.
34. Which f the fllwing isn’t true?
A. We may breathe micrplastics in Arctic.
B. Micrplastics may cause lung cancer.
C. We dn’t have t mind micrplastics right nw.
D. Micrplastics have hurt ecsystems.
35. Hw des the writer end this passage?
A. By advising us t drink clean water.
B. By asking peple nt t eat sea animals.
C. By telling the seriusness f plastic pllutin.
D. By shwing the beauty f Arctic.
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如今出现了一种污染——微塑料。本文详细介绍了什么是微塑料以及它对人类和环境的危害。
31.D【解析】细节理解题。根据“We have plluted the deepest ceans with plastic rubbish”，可知北极已经被塑料垃圾所污染，故选D。
32.A【解析】词义猜测题。划线词所在句句意为“早期研究已表明微塑料可能________肺癌风险”。结合备选项与常识可知，“风险”应该与增加或减少等词搭配，故选A。
33.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“It’s clear that mst f the micrplastics in the snw cme frm the air”，可知雪中的微塑料来自于空气中，故选B。
34.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“Finding these plastics in Arctic snw means that we may breathe them in”，可知我们可能会在北极呼吸到微塑料，A选项表述正确；根据“earlier studies have shwn that micrplastics may cntribute t lung cancer risk”，可知微塑料可能会增加肺癌风险，B选项表述正确；根据“Earlier research has fund that they flw ver lng distances and int ur ceans, hurting ecsystems alng the way”，可知微塑料也伤害了生态系统，D选项表述正确；根据文章内容，可知微塑料已经危及到我们的身体健康、危害到生态系统，我们应该要重视，而不是不在意，C选项表述错误，故选C。
35.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“If peple then eat these animals, it means that we’re eating the plastic as well”，可知结尾作者是在强调塑料污染的严重性，故选C。
Passage 45【2020•黄冈市】
第一节阅读下面篇短文根据短文内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选项最佳选项。
Three-tw-ne, fire!
At the mment f 9:43 a.m., n Tuesday, June 23rd, 2020, at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center(卫星发射中心) in Sichuan Prvince, the last satellite f the third-generatin netwrk(第三代导航系统) was sent int space. It is the 55th member in the family f BeiDu. It belngs t China’s Beidu Navigatin Satellite System(BDS北斗卫星导航系统). S far, 59 satellites, including the first fur test nes, have been launched frm Xichang. With the develpment f China, we have already wned three ther famus satellitle launch centers — Jiuquan, Taiyuan and Wenchang.
After a perid f tests in space, this new satellite has started t wrk with ther Beidu satellites tgether. It is designed t wrk fr at least 12 years. S far, China has cmpleted the third-generatin netwrk f China’s BDS. It was a new milestne in the natin’s space research wrk. The launch shwed ur cuntry has cmpleted ur largest space-based system. It’s ne f fur glbal(全球的) navigatin netwrks, including the United States’ GPS, Russia’s GLONASS and the Eurpean Unin’s Galile.
BDS has been widely used as public resurces(资源) in ur daily life. It has been shared by the whle wrld. It will prvide mre services arund the wrld. BDS is the cmmn wealth f the develpment f human beings.
30. Where did China launch the last satellite f the third-generatin netwrk?
A. Xichang.B. Jiuquan.C. Wenchang.D. Taiyuan.
31. Hw many members are there in the family f Beidu?
A. 4.B. 55.C. 59.D. 114.
32. What des the underlined wrd “milestne” mean in Chinese?
A. 记录B. 事业C. 里程碑D. 起点
33. GLONASS belngs t .
A. ChinaB. the United StatesC. RussiaD. the Eurpean Unin
34. Accrding t the passage, we can knw that .
A. The last satellite f BDS was launched at 9:43 p.m., June 23rd, 2020.
B. The new satellite is designed t wrk fr at mst 12 years.
C. BDS is shared nly by China as public resurces.
D. S far, China has cmpleted the third-generatin netwrk f China’s BDS.
2020年6月23日9点43分，北斗卫星导航系统最后一颗卫星在西昌卫星发射中心成功送入太空。这次发射表明我国已经完成了我国最大的太空系统，是四个全球导航系统之一。北斗系统将为全世界提供更多服务，是人类发展的共同财富。
30.A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第二段“At the mment f 9:43 a.m., n Tuesday, June 23rd, 2020, at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center (卫星发射中心) in Sichuan Prvince, the last satellite f the third-generatin netwrk (第三代导航系统) was sent int space.”可知，中国在四川西昌卫星发射中心将北斗导航系统最后一颗卫星送入太空。故选A。
31.C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第二段“It belngs t China's Beidu Navigatin Satellite System (BDS北斗卫星导航系统). S far, 59 satellites, including the first fur test nes, have been launched frm Xichang.”可知，北斗卫星导航系统有55颗卫星和四颗试验卫星，共计59颗。故选C。
32.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据语境“S far, China has cmpleted the third-generatin netwrk f China's BDS. It was a new milestne in the natin's space research wrk. The launch shwed ur cuntry has cmpleted ur largest space -based system.”中国已经建成北斗系统第三代网络，意义重大。由此可猜测milestne应该是“里程碑”的意思，故选C。
33.C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第三段“It's ne f fur glbal (全球的) navigatin netwrks, including the United States' GPS, Russia's GLONASS and the Eurpean Unin's Galile.”可知，GLONASS属于俄罗斯。故选C。
34.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“S far, China has cmpleted the third-generatin netwrk f China's BDS.”可知，到目前为止，中国已经完成了北斗系统第三代网络，D选项符合文意，故选D。根据短文第二段“At the mment f 9:43 a.m., n Tuesday, June 23rd, 2020, at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center (卫星发射中心) in Sichuan Prvince, the last satellite f the third-generatin netwrk (第三代导航系统) was sent int space.”可知，发射时间白天9点43分，不是晚上，A不对；根据第三段“It is designed t wrk fr at least 12 years.”可知B不对；根据最后一段“BDS has been widely used as public resurces (资源) in ur daily life. It has been shared by the whle wrld.”可知C不对。
Passage 46【2020•黄冈市】
Bi Sheng was brn in Sng Dynasty. He lived in a small village which lies in Huanggang tday.He invented the printing arund 600 AD (公元)。He was the wrld’s first inventr f the printing. It is abut 400 years earlier than the printing in Germany.
The printing is als called the mvable type printing (活字印刷).But hw did it wrk in the past?
First f all, the clay was made int mvable types. Then wrds were engraved (雕刻) carefully nt the types. After that the wrds were chsen and put in right rder in a bx accrding t the text. Next, the wrkers brushed ink nt the mvable types. Finally the types culd be used fr printing. They culd be used again and again fr different bks.
The mvable type printing plays an imprtant rle in Chinese culture. With the help f it, Chinese culture spread arund the wrld mre quickly. At the same time, the mvable type printing was widely used in the wrld at that time. As a result, mre and mre culture cmmunicatin amng cuntries tk place.
The mvable type printing, the cmpass (指南针)，gun pwder and the paper-making are called fur great inventins f China. They make China wn an imprtant and even tp psitin in the histry f human civilizatin (文明).
35. When was the mvable type printing invented?
A. Abut 600 years ag.B. Arund 600 AD.C. Befre Sng Dynasty.D. Abut 400 years ag.
36. What shuld the wrkers d after the wrds were chsen and put in right rder?
A. Brush ink nt the types.B. Make the clay int mvable types.
C. Print by using the types.D. Engrave wrds nt the types.
37. Hw many steps were there in the mvable type printing?
A. Three.B. Fur.C. Five.D. Six.
38. What des the wrd "it" in Paragraph 4 refer t?
A. the cmpassB. gun-pwderC. the paper makingD. the mvable type printing
39. What's the passage mainly abut?
A. Fur great inventins and their psitin in the histry f human civilizatin.
B. Bi Sheng invented the mvable type printing after trying many times.
C. The mvable type printing and the imprtance fr the culture cmmunicatin.
D. Hw Bi Sheng invented the mvable type printing in Sng Dynasty.
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍毕昇发明的活字印刷术在过去是怎样操作的以及印刷术在中国文化交流上的重要作用。
35.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“He invented the printing arund 600 AD”可知毕昇在公元600年发明了印刷术。故选B。
36.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“the wrds were chsen and put in right rder in a bx accrding t the text. Next, the wrkers brushed ink nt the mvable types”下一步工人在活字印刷上刷墨。故选A。
37.C【解析】推理判断题。根据“First f all,…Then …After that …Next, …Finally …”可知共有五个步骤，故选C。
38.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据前文“The mvable type printing plays an imprtant rle in Chinese culture.”可知此处的it指的是the mvable type printing活字印刷术。故选D。
39.C【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍毕昇发明的活字印刷术在过去是怎样操作的以及印刷术在中国文化交流上的重要作用。主旨可概括为The mvable type printing and the imprtance fr the culture cmmunicatin。故选C。
Passage 47【2020•荆门市】
D yu knw abut Psephurus gladius? It's a Chinese paddlefish knwn as "king f all natinal freshwater fish". Hwever, it is annunced that the Chinese paddlefish living in the Yangtze River has becme extinct（灭绝的）.
A paper frm Science f the Ttal Envirnment shws that the largest freshwater fish in China might have gne extinct between 2005 and 2010.Wei Qiwei authr f the paper, said in September, 2019, sme experts suppsed that the first-class prtected fish had been extinct already.
The Chinese paddlefish was abut 2 t 3 meters lng and culd grw lnger than 7 meters. The fish had lived n the earth fr 15 millin years. The latest discvery f the fish was made in 2003.Scientists helped the fish t return and tried t track（追踪）it. Unluckily, a bat accident caused the tracking effrts t fail. Since then, n discvery has been reprted and n such fish has been kept in captivity(圈养).
"The Chinese paddlefish was s big that it was hard t raise in captivity," Wei said. Between 1984 and 1993, he nce tried t save fur fish, but nly ne stayed alive and returned t the river.
The extinctin f the fish has called public attentin as peple expressed sadness ver the death, hping such animals wuld be better prtected s that future generatins culd see them. Frm Jan 1,2020, China began a 10-year fishing ban（禁令）n imprtant areas f the Yangtze River t prtect Bidiversity（生态多样性）in China's lngest river.
8. It can be learned frm the passage that ____________.
A. the Chinese paddlefish was hunted t much in the past
B. the Chinese paddlefish was the largest freshwater fish in the wrld
C. the Chinese paddlefish culd grw t be ver 7 meters in length
D. the Chinese paddlefish has never been seen s far
9. What happened after the bat accident mentined in Paragraph 3?
A. Sme scientists saved the fish.B. Peple failed t track the fish.
C. The fish lst its life.D. The fish was kept in captivity.
10. Why culdn't the Chinese paddlefish be raised in captivity?
A. Because f its living habits.B. Because f its large size.
C. Because f is special diet.D. Because f the high cst.
11. What's the writer's purpse in writing the passage?
A. T shw peple's sadness abut the fish's death.B. T explain hw the fish died ut.
C. T call n peple t prtect animals.D. T intrduce a first-class prtected fish.
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中华鲟的灭绝，并藉此号召人们保护濒危动物，保护生物多样性。
8.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“The Chinese paddlefish was abut 2 t 3 meters lng and culd grw lnger than 7 meters”可知，中华鲟可以长到7米以上。故选C。
9.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Unluckily, a bat accident caused the tracking effrts t fail”可知，船舶事故导致人们跟踪中华鲟以失败告终。故选B。
10.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“The Chinese paddlefish was s big that it was hard t raise in captivity”可知，中华鲟之所以难以人工饲养，是因为它庞大的尺寸。故选B。
11.C【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“…hping such animals wuld be better prtected s that future generatins culd see them”及全文内容可知，本文作者借中华鲟灭绝一事号召人们保护动物，保护生物的多样性。故选C。
Passage 48【2020•荆门市】
Scientists arund the wrld are racing t create and test vaccines（疫苗）t help prtect peple against the nvel crnavirus（新冠病毒）. They are making prgress, but it will be quite a while befre any vaccines are ready.
There are many different ways t make vaccines. At least 115 different vaccines fr the nvel crnavirus are being develped arund the wrld right nw. Many f them may nt wrk r may have side effects that can be dangerus. That is why testing is very imprtant.
Befre a vaccine is ever tested n humans, it's first tested n animals t make sure it seems safe. Testing the vaccine n humans is dne in several different phases（阶段）. In Phase 1, a small grup f peple are given small amunts f the vaccine t see if it has any bad effects. Phase 2 still tests the vaccine’s safety, but it's mainly a test t see if the vaccine seems t wrk, If Phase 2 ges well, the vaccine can begin Phase 3. During Phase 3, the vaccine is tried n a much larger grup f peple t see hw well it wrks.
Because f the serius and wrldwide impact（影响）f the nvel crnavirus, there is huge pressure t develp a wrking vaccine quickly. It nrmally takes seven r mre years t develp a safe vaccine that wrks well. Nw drug cmpanies are hping t create wrking vaccines in 12 r 18 mnths.
But health experts als warn that rushing t much culd be dangerus. A vaccine with harmful effects culd cause mre prblems than it slves.
12. Accrding t the passage, the scientists wh are making vaccines are ____________.
A. hard-wrking and carefulB. patient and easy-gingC. kind and curiusD. caring and brave
13. Hw lng des it take t create wrking vaccines in the usual way?
A. Less than six years.B. Mre than ten years.
C. Twelve t eighteen mnths.D. Abut seven years.
14. Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. There are nly three phases in testing vaccines.
B. Wrking vaccines must be created in a shrt time.
C. Vaccines have already been develped.
D. Rushing t quickly in creating vaccines may bring mre prblems.
15. What's the best title f the passage?
A. Rush fr a VaccineB. Fight against the Disease
C. Prtect Peple against the VirusD. Create Wrking Vaccines
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了全世界的科学家都在加速进行针对新冠病毒的疫苗的研发工作，虽然已经取得一些进展，但离疫苗的正常使用还有很长时间。文章还介绍了开发一种安全疫苗所需要的时间，测试过程的重要性以及生产疫苗所需的费用等。
12.A【解析】推理判断题。根据“Scientists arund the wrld are racing t create and test vaccines…Befre a vaccine is ever tested n humans, it's first tested n animals t make sure it seems safe”可知，科学家们都在竞相研制抵御新冠病毒的疫苗，并且在疫苗研发期间作大量的测试以确保对人类的身体无害，因此研发疫苗的科学家是勤奋并且仔细的。故选A。
13.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“It nrmally takes seven r mre years t develp a safe vaccine that wrks well”可知，开发出一种安全有效的疫苗通常需要大约七年时间。故选D。
14.D 【解析】细节理解题。A选项：疫苗测试只有三个阶段。根据“Testing the vaccine n humans is dne in several different phases”可知，疫苗测试分为几个阶段，文章中并没有明确指出只有三个阶段，故选项错误；B选项：必须在短时间内制造出有效的疫苗。根据“Nw drug cmpanies are hping t create wrking vaccines in 12 r 18 mnths”及全文可知，制药公司只是希望尽快研制疫苗，但是疫苗研制过快会带来很多问题，所以并不是必须尽快将疫苗研制出来，故选项错误；C选项：疫苗已经研制出来了。根据“They are making prgress, but it will be quite a while befre any vaccines are ready”可知，疫苗还未研制成功，故选项错误；D选项：仓促生产疫苗可能会带来更多问题。根据“But health experts als warn that rushing t much culd be dangerus…cause mre prblems than it slves”可知，仓促生产疫苗可能会带来更多问题，故选项正确。故选D。
15.A 【解析】最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了科学家们都在加速研发抵御新冠病毒的疫苗，介绍了研发疫苗的过程、时间及快速研发疫苗可能产生的危害等，故“研发有效的疫苗”可作为本文标题。故选A。
Passage 48【2020•随州市】
Anger（愤怒）ften makes us uncmfrtable. Seeing yur child's anger can be especially uncmfrtable. In rder t relieve（缓解）this feeling, parents ften encurage children t “stp crying” and say things like “It's nthing t cry abut.” It's mments like thse that plant the seeds f unhealthy anger, The “stp crying” parents are just ding what they were taught by their wn parents, wh were prbably taught that by their parents n and n. Hwever, we shuld learn hw t create healthy anger in ur kids.
If a child never sees his r her parents express anger, he r she shuld never express anger, either. But if parents always express their anger ludly, their child may start t think f anger as smething that is always frightening.
The first thing yu can d t create healthy anger in yur children is t practice creating healthy anger in yurself. Once yu're better at experiencing anger and expressing it in a healthy way, yu'll be able t set a gd example fr yur kids.
Stpping kids frm expressing their feelings is wrng. Yu may feel bad when yu believe yu are wrng, When children express their feelings and are tld that it's nthing t cry abut, they cme t knw that they themselves are bad.
We need t raise them in an envirnment where it's safe t express feelings. Once yu feel mre cmfrtable with yur wn anger, yu can teach yur children why anger is a helpful feeling. When yur kids express anger, help them examine what it is that has made them angry. Why did it make them angry? Hw did it d that? Then, yu can teach them that thse feelings are never wrng and ur expressins f feelings are in ur cntrl.
Anger is natural and nrmal, and it can be experienced and expressed in a healthy way.
51. Why d parents say “It's nthing t cry abut” t their children?
A. T encurage them t stp crying.B. T make them uncmfrtable.
C. T relieve their anger.D. T plant the seeds f unhealthy anger.
52. Frm the secnd paragraph we can infer（推断）___________.
A. parents have a great influence n their childrenB. parents shuld get angry with their children
C. expressing anger ludly is right, nt wrngD. children shuld express their anger like their parents
53. Parents shuld set a gd example fr children by ___________.
A. stpping them frm expressing their angerB. expressing their wn anger in a healthy way
C. letting them knw they are right r wrngD. raising them in a safe envirnment
54. The writer thinks that anger is a kind f feeling that is always ___________.
A. wrngB. uncmfrtableC. harmfulD. helpful
55. What's the main idea f the passage?
A. Anger ften makes us and ur children uncmfrtable.B. Parents shuld create healthy anger in themselves.
C. Parents shuld create healthy anger in their kids.D. Parents shuld never express their anger.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了父母如何让孩子形成“良性愤怒”，想要让孩子形成良性的愤怒情绪，父母自己应该率先实践。一旦父母能更好地体验愤怒并且以健康的方式发泄出来，那么父母就位孩子树立了一个良好的解决愤怒的榜样，这是最重要的。
51.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“In rder t relieve this feeling…say things like ‘It's nthing t cry abut’”可知，为了缓解孩子们的愤怒，父母就会对孩子们说“这没有什么好哭的”。故选C。
52.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，如果孩子从来没有看到父母表达愤怒，他们也不会表达出愤怒情绪。但如果父母总是大声地表达他们的愤怒，他们的孩子可能会开始认为愤怒是一种总是令人害怕的东西。因此可推断父母对孩子有很大的影响。故选A。
53.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Once yu're better at experiencing anger and expressing it in a healthy way, yu'll be able t set a gd example fr yur kids”可知，父母应该以健康的方式表达自己的愤怒，为孩子树立一个好榜样。故选B。
54.D【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“yu can teach yur children why anger is a helpful feeling…yu can teach them that thse feelings are never wrng”可知，作者认为愤怒是一种有益的情绪，没有对错之分。故选D。
55.C【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Hwever, we shuld learn hw t create healthy anger in ur kids”及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了父母对孩子的影响很大，因此应该为孩子树立一个良好的榜样，为孩子创造一种健康良性的愤怒。故选C。
Passage 50【2020•襄阳市】
February 29th cmes up n the calendar nly every fur years. A year with a February 29th might be gd news if yu are paid by the day r the week. But it might be bad news if yu were brn n a February 29th. Yu have t wait three years in between birthdays!
American English has an expressin fr the unusual situatin. February 29th is called a leap day. And the year with a February 29th in it is called a leap year. This year, 2020, is such a year.
As a verb, the wrd “leap” means t jump, r t mve quickly. “Leap” can als be a nun, meaning a jump, r a sudden mve.
In a leap year, the dates jump ver ne day f the week. Let me explain. In 2017, the last day f the year, December 31th, fell n a Sunday. In 2018, it fell n a Mnday. In 2019, it fell n a Tuesday. But in 2020, December 31th will fall n a Thursday. It jumps right ver Wednesday.
The reasn fr a leap day r a leap year is because ur calendar des nt fllw the Earth’s rbit（轨道） arund the sun exactly. Each year, we have a little time left ver. S every fur years, we put all that time tgether int an extra（额外的）day.
Sme peple chse t marry n February 29th because it is an unusual date. But sme ancient peples wuld likely tell cuples nt t d it. Leap years were believed t be difficult, and leap days were unlucky. T be hnest, these have n scientific basis（依据）.
36 A 20-year-ld persn has __________ birthdays if he/she was brn n a February 29th.
A. 20B. 15C. 10D. 5
37. A leap year means ne mre __________ is added in the calendar f the year.
A. mnthB. yearC. dayD. week
38. The last day f 2021 will fall n __________ accrding t this article.
A. SaturdayB. FridayC. SundayD. Mnday
39. Sme peple chse t marry n February 29th because __________.
A. it’s quite a special dateB. it’s quite an unlucky day
C. it can save mre mneyD. it’s a traditinal custm
40. Which f the fllwing sentences is nt true accrding t this article?
A. Scientists tell cuples nt t marry n a leap day.
B. The leap year r leap day cmes nce every fur years.
C. Sme ancient peples believed that leap days were unlucky.
D. We have a little time left each year befre a leap year cmes.
本文介绍了闰年的情况及闰年形成的原因。
36.D【解析】推理判断题。根据But it might be bad news if yu were brn n a February 29th. Yu have t wait three years in between birthdays，可知，出生在2月29日的人，生日之间要等三年，这意味着出生在这一天的20岁的人已经过了5个生日。故选D。
37.C【解析】推理判断题。根据February 29th cmes up n the calendar nly every fur years 及Each year, we have a little time left ver. S every fur years, we put all that time tgether int an extra（额外的）day，可知，每四年是一个闰年，而闰年是将所有的时间都放到了额外的一天里，由此可推断，闰年意味着多了一天。故选C。
38.B【解析】推理判断题。根据In a leap year, the dates jump ver ne day f the week. Let me explain. In 2017, the last day f the year, December 31th, fell n a Sunday. In 2018, it fell n a Mnday. In 2019, it fell n a Tuesday. But in 2020, December 31th will fall n a Thursday. It jumps right ver Wednesday，可知，2017年的最后一天是星期日，2018年最后一天是星期一，2019年最后一天是星期二，因为闰年多了一天，所以2020这个闰年的最后一天是星期四，那么2021年的最后一天应该是星期五。故选B。
39.A【解析】细节理解题。根据Sme peple chse t marry n February 29th because it is an unusual date，可知，一些人选择在2月29日结婚是因为这一天很特别。故选A。
40.A【解析】推理判断题。根据But sme ancient peples wuld likely tell cuples nt t d it…T be hnest, these have n scientific basis，可知，古人告诉夫妇不要在这一天结婚，这是没有科学依据的，所以A选项错误。根据February 29th cmes up n the calendar nly every fur years，可知，闰年每四年一次，所以B选项正确。根据But sme ancient peples wuld likely tell cuples nt t d it. Leap years were believed t be difficult, and leap days were unlucky，可知，一些古人认为闰年不吉利，所以C选项正确。根据Each year, we have a little time left ver，可知，在闰年来临前，每年我们都有一些剩余的时间，所以D选项正确。故选A。
Passage 51【2020•长沙市】
On June 9th, 1870, Charles Dickens died at the age f 58. The next day, a headline in The New Yrk Times read: “Death f the Great Nvelist…Will Be Remembered by the Peple…”
The headline was nt verstating （夸大） the ppularity f Dickens. Even tday, the British nvelist is lved by readers all ver the wrld. Dickens created sme unfrgettable characters. Yu must have heard f r even read sme f his nvels: Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carl and A Tale f Tw Cities. A Tale f Tw Cities has sld mre than 200 millin cpies. Since 1897, there have been mre than 300 film and TV adaptatins（改编版本） f Dickens' wrks. A Christmas Carl alne has had nearly 50.
Natalie Mcknight is a literature prfessr（文学教投） wh studies Dickens and his wrks. She explains why the nvelist has remained s ppular. One imprtant reasn, she says, is that Dickens wrte frm his heart. He tried hard t prduce emtinal effects（情感效果） amng his readers. In his wrks, he paid special attentin t the "little man" at the bttm f sciety in the UK, which deeply mirrred the scial reality at that time. A Christmas Carl, fr example, was written t make every reader think abut hw they culd make a difference t their sciety. Peple always enjy wrks that make them laugh, cry and think. Many ther 19th-century nvelists wrte entertaining（娱乐的） wrks. Hwever, few f them wrked as hard as Dickens t tuch the readers deeply.
Dickens wrte abut situatins and emtins that still interest peple tday. He used his pen t fight scial inequality and gave vice t the pr. His wrks led t many imprtant scial changes. Readers always enjy seeing pr peple rise and succeed.
This year marks the 150thyear f Dickens' death. It's anther chance t remember this great writer. Will yu read r re-read sme f his famus wrks?
26. What is Paragraph（段落）2 mainly abut?
A. Persnality f Dickens.B. Appearance f Dickens.C. Ppularity f Dickens.
27. As a nvelist, why has Dickens remained s ppular?
A. He wrte fr fun.
B. He wrte frm his heart.
C. He mainly wrte fr the upper class.
28. When peple read Dickens nvels, they culd ________.
① meet the “little man” at the bttm f sciety in the UK
② knw abut the scial reality at that time
③ nt be influenced by the wrks at all
④ think abut hw t make a difference t their sciety
A. ①②③B. ②③④C. ①②④
29. What des the underlined wrd "inequality" mean in Paragraph 4?
A. 不平等B. 不现实C. 不稳定
30. The purpse f writing this text is prbably t ________.
A. intrduce Charles Dickens' life and death
B. encurage readers t read r re-read Charles Dickens' wrks
C. present the similarities between Charles Dickens and ther writers
文章大意：本文主要讲了小说家查尔斯·狄更斯的受欢迎程度及其作品的影响力，恰逢狄更斯逝世150周年，鼓励人们阅读或重读狄更斯的著名作品。
【解析】段落大意题。第2段讲现今狄更斯也被世界各地的读者所喜爱，他创作了一些难忘的角色，段中列举了一些狄更斯的代表作并指出《双城记》销量惊人，他的作品被改编成电影和电视多于三百个版本。由此可知主要讲的是狄更斯的受欢迎程度。故选C。
【解析】细节理解题。根据第3段中“She explains why the nvelist has remained s ppular. One imprtant reasn, she says, is that Dickens wrte frm his heart. ”可知狄更斯如此受欢迎的一个重要原因是他发自内心地写作。故选B。
【解析】细节理解题。根据第3段中“In his wrks, he paid special attentin t the ‘little man’ at the bttm f sciety in the UK, which deeply mirrred the scial reality at that time.”可知读狄更斯的小说能够见到英国社会底层的小人物，知道当时的社会现实，①②正确，再由第3段中“A Christmas Carl, fr example, was written t make every reader think abut hw they culd make a difference t their sciety.”可知读狄更斯的小说能使读者思考如何改变他们的社会，④正确。故选C。
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在语境“He used his pen t fight scial inequality and gave vice t the pr. ”讲到狄更斯为穷人发声，结合选项可知他是用笔和社会不平等战斗，inequality意为“不平等的”。故选A。
【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Will yu read r re-read sme f his famus wrks?”可推出作者写这篇文章是为了鼓励读者去阅读或重读狄更斯的作品。故选B。
Passage 52【2020•长沙市】
Have yu ever seen a slar panel（太阳能电池板）in yur neighbrhd? Slar panels take energy frm the sun and turn it int electricity. Over the past ten years, the price f slar panels has gne dwn greatly. In many parts f the wrld, slar energy is nw the cheapest frm f electricity. Mre and mre peple have started using slar energy t pwer（给……供电）their hmes.
Hwever, slar panels als have their prblems. They stp wrking at night and n rainy days. Is it pssible t make them prduce electricity all f the time?
Scientists at Suzhu University, China, have invented a new slar panel nw. It can prduce electricity nt nly frm slar energy but als frm falling rain. When a raindrp falls n the slar panel and then rlls（滚动）dwn, it creates frictin（摩擦力）n the surface f the panel, which can then be turned int electricity.
Sun Baquan is ne f the inventrs. “Our new inventin can prduce electricity in any weather during the day,” he says. “It can even prvide electricity at night if there is rain.”
The slar panel, hwever, des nt make much electricity frm falling rain. S Sun Baquan is still wrking hard t imprve it. The scientist als wants t make slar panels mre flexible, which are as sft as clthing.
The field f slar energy is develping fast. Scientists arund the wrld have been imprving slar panels. Sme have been wrking n ways t jin slar panels and wind pwer tgether. Sme have been trying t use sunlight t prduce liquid and gas fuels（液体和气体燃料）.
31. Which energy is nw the cheapest frm f electricity in many parts f the wrld?
A. Slar energy.B. Water energy.C. Wind energy.
32. What is ne f the prblems f cmmn slar panels?
A. The price f them is rising.
B. They can’t wrk all f the time.
C. They can hardly pwer peple’s hmes.
33. Why is the new slar panel mre scientific and useful?
A. It has a larger size than a cmmn ne.
B. It prduces mre electricity frm falling rain than slar energy.
C. It can prduce electricity day and night and even in rainy cnditins.
34. What des the underlined wrd “flexible” mean in Paragraph 5?
A. 柔软的B. 光滑的C. 坚硬的
35. We can infer（推断）frm this text that ________.
A. there is n rm fr develping slar energy
B. there is n end t the research in the field f slar energy
C. slar energy has cmpletely taken the place f ther kinds f energy
本文介绍了新型太阳能电池板，不仅可以昼夜工作，还可以利用降雨发电，更具科学性和实用性。
31.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“In many parts f the wrld, slar energy is nw the cheapest frm f electricity.”可知，在世界许多地方，太阳能是目前最便宜的供电形式。故选A。
32.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“They stp wrking at night and n rainy days.”可知，普通太阳能电池板在晚上和雨天停止工作，这是普通太阳能电池板的一个问题。故选B。
33.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“It can prduce electricity nt nly frm slar energy but als frm falling rain.”和第四段中“Our new inventin can prduce electricity in any weather during the day. It can even prvide electricity at night if there is rain.”可知，新型太阳能电池板不受天气影响，可以在白天和晚上工作，不仅可以利用太阳能发电，还可以利用降雨发电，所以说新型太阳能电池板更具科学性和实用性。故选C。
34.A【解析】词意猜测题。根据第五段中“which are as sft as clthing”可知，新型太阳能电池板可以像衣服一样柔软，所以此处划线部分单词flexible的意思是“柔软的”。故选A。
35.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Scientists arund the wrld have been imprving slar panels. Sme have been wrking n ways t jin slar panels and wind pwer tgether. Sme have been trying t use sunlight t prduce liquid and gas fuels.”可知，全世界的科学家都在改进太阳能电池板，有些人正在研究将太阳能电池板和风能结合起来的方法，有些人试图利用阳光生产液体和气体燃料，由此可以推断出：太阳能领域的研究一直在进行，永无止境。故选B。
Passage 53【2020•湖南省张家界市】
Pepper wrks in a supermarkert in Germany. He is different frm ther emplayees (雇员). Pepper is a rbt that lks like a human.
A Japanese cmpany made Pepper in 2014. Pepper is as tall as a 6-year-ld kid. He has cameras. They help him recgnize things arund him. There are wheels under his bdy. They help Pepper mve.
The rbt can d a lt f things. He can read peple's emtins (感情) and cmmunicate with peple. He can als teach students abut prgramming.
20. What des Pepper lk like?
A. A human.B. A rbt.C. An animal.
21. What des Pepper use t recgnize things arund him?
A. Eyes.B. Hands.C. Cameras.
22. What can Pepper teach?
A. Reading.B. Prgramming.C. Cmmunicating.
23. What wuld be the best title fr the article?
A. Rbts are helping.B. Pepper is a rbt.C. Pepper wrks in a supermarket in Germany.
文章主要是介绍德国的一家超市工作的机器人Pepper的一些情况，以及对人们的帮助。
20.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“Pepper is a rbt that lks like a human.”可知，Pepper是一个看起来像人类的机器人。故选A。
21.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“He has cameras. They help him recgnize things arund him.”可知，是摄像头帮助他认识周围的事物。故选C。
22.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“He can als teach students abut prgramming.”可知，他还可以教学生编程。故选B。
23.A【解析】最佳标题题。根据整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍机器人Pepper的情况以及它是如何帮助人的，故选A。
Passage 54【2020•益阳市】
The dragn is a great animal in Chinese culture. It brings the wind and rain. It is said that every year n the secnd day f the secnd lunar（阴历）mnth, the dragn wakes up frm its winter sleep and raises its head. Because f this, the day is called "Dragn Heads-raising Day" (Lngtaitu). This year, it falls n February 24th.
Old peple believed that after Lngtaitu, there wuld be mre rain. And rain is very imprtant t farming. S Lngtaitu was the start f spring and farming.
Peple have many ways t celebrate the festival. The mst ppular ne is t have a haircut. Mary peple believe that a haircut during the first lunar mnth may bring bad luck t yur uncles—mainly yur mther's brthers. They hpe getting a haircut n Lngtaitu keeps them away frm bad luck.
Amng Chinese peple's festival traditins, there is always a place fr fd. During the Lngtaitu festival, peple eat fd named after dragns. Ndles are called dragn's beard (lngxu). Dumplings are dragn's ears (lng'er). And spring rll(春卷) are dragn's skin (lnglin).
26. What des the dragn bring accrding t the passage?
A. The rain and wind.B. The rain and snw.C. The wind and snw.
27. When is Lngtaitu every year?
A. On February 24th.
B. The secnd day f the first lunar mnth.
C. The secnd day f the secnd lunar mnth.
28. Old peple believed that Lngtaitu was the beginning f ________.
A. spring and farmingB. spring and restingC. summer and farming
29. Why d many peple have a haircut n Lngtaitu?
A. Because they hpe t keep healthy.
B. Because they hpe t make much mney.
C. Because they hpe t keep them away frm bad luck.
30. Ndles n Lngtaitu are called ________.
A. dragn's earsB. dragn's beardC. dragn's skin
文章大意：本文介绍了中国的“龙抬头”节日，包括它的时间、意义、习俗等。
26.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第1段中“The dragn is a great animal in Chinese culture. It brings the wind and rain.”可知龙能带来风和雨。故选A。
27.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第1段中“It is said that every year n the secnd day f the secnd lunar mnth, the dragn wakes up frm its winter sleep and raises its head. Because f this, the day is called ‘Dragn Heads-raising Day’ (Lngtaitu).”可知“龙抬头”在每年农历的二月初二。故选C。
28.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第2段中“Old peple believed ... S Lngtaitu was the start f spring and farming.”可知老人们相信“龙抬头”是春天和农耕的开始。故选A。
29.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第3段中“They hpe getting a haircut n Lngtaitu keeps them away frm bad luck.”可知人们在“龙抬头”这一天剪发是希望远离厄运。故选C。
30.B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Ndles are called dragn's beard (lngxu).”可知“龙抬头”那天面条被叫做龙须。故选B。
Passage 55【2020•湘西土家族苗族自治州】
Beijing Opera is ur natinal pera. It has a histry frm 1790. Its music and singing came frm Anhui and Hubei. There are fur main rles in Beijing Opera: Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chu. Beijing Opera is full f famus stries, beautiful facial（脸部的）paintings, wnderful gestures（姿态）and fighting. Sme f the stries are frm histry bks, but many f them are frm famus nvels. The peple in the stries usually can't agree with each ther. They became angry, unhappy, sad and lnely. Smetimes they are frightened and wrried. Then they find a way t make peace with each ther. Everyne is usually happy in the end.
Beijing Opera is an imprtant part f Chinese culture. In the past, it was ppular with ld peple while yung peple didn't like it. But nw, mre and mre yung peple are becming interested in it. At the same time, mre peple arund the wrld are learning abut Beijing Opera.
36. Hw ld will Beijing Opera be in 2020?
A. 210 years.B. 220 years.C. 230 years.
37. Beijing Opera's _____________ came frm Anhui and Hubei.
A. music and singingB. acting and fightingC. music and acting
38. What's the end f each stry in Beijing Opera?
A. Angry.B. Sad.C. Happy.
39. Where are many f the stries in Beijing Opera frm?
A. Newspaper.B. Famus nvels.C. Magazines.
40. Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. There are three main rles in Beijing Opera.
B. Beijing Opera isn't a part f Chinese culture.
C. Mre and mre yung peple are interested in Beijing Opera nwadays.
文章介绍了我们的民族歌剧——京剧。
36.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二句话“It has a histry frm 1790. ”可知京剧的历史是从1790年开始，到2020年即2020-1790=230年。故选C。
37.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三句话“Its music and singing came frm Anhui and Hubei. ”可知京剧的音乐和歌唱来自安徽和湖北。故选A。
38.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“Everyne is usually happy in the end. ”可知京剧的结局是快乐的。故选C。
39.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Sme f the stries are frm histry bks, but many f them are frm famus nvels. ”可知其中一些故事来自历史书籍，但许多故事来自著名小说。故选B。
40.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“There are fur main rles in Beijing Opera: Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chu. ”可知京剧有4种角色：生旦净丑。故A错误。根据第二段“Beijing Opera is an imprtant part f Chinese culture. ”可知京剧是中华文化的一个重要部分。故B错误。根据最后一段“But nw, mre and mre yung peple are becming interested in it. ”可知越来越多的年轻人对京剧感兴趣了。故C正确。故选C。
Passage 56【2020•怀化市】
Yue pera (越剧) is als called Shaxing pera. It is ne f the five peras in China. It has been listed int the first natinal nnmaterial cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) since 2006. Yue pera appeared in Sheng Cunty, Zhejiang Prvince in the Qing dynasty, and then it became famus in Shanghai in the 1920s.
Yue pera is famus fr singing, tuching music and lively perfrmances. The main subjects f Yue pera are stries abut wits and beauties (才子佳人). Main instruments are the erhu and sme ther traditinal Chinese instruments.
First perfrmed by male farmer artists in the cuntryside, Yue pera was later develped int a ppular perfrmance in cities. The first female trupe (剧团) f Yue pera was created in 1923, and then female perfrmers gradually tk the place f the males. Nwadays, almst all perfrmers are females. The mst famus master f Yue pera is Yuan Xuefen. The classics f the pera are Liang Shanb and Zhu Yingtai, Rmance f the West Chamber, Madame White Snake.
28. What is Yue pera als called?
A. Beijing pera.B. Shaxing pera.C. Yu pera.
29. The main subjects f Yue pera are stries abut ______.
A. farmers and perfrmersB. males and femalesC. wits and beauties
30. Wh is the mst famus master f Yue pera?
A. Yuan Xuefen.B. Chang Xiangyu.C. Mei Lanfang.
31. Which f the fllwing is NOT mentined (提及) in the passage?
A. Yue pera became famus in Shanghai in the 1920s.
B. Main instruments are the erhu and sme ther traditinal Chinese instruments.
C. One f the classics f the pera is Qin Xianglian.
文章大意：本文主要介绍了我国五大戏剧之一的越剧，包括越剧的历史、因何而闻名、主题、所用乐器、代表作品等。
28.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第1段中“Yue pera is als called Shaxing pera.”可知越剧也被称为绍兴戏。故选B。
29.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第2段中“The main subjects f Yue pera are stries abut wits and beauties.”可知越剧的主题是关于才子佳人的故事。故选C。
30.A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The mst famus master f Yue pera is Yuan Xuefen.”可知最著名的越剧大师是袁雪芬。故选A。
31.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第1段中“ it became famus in Shanghai in the 1920s.”可知越剧在二十世纪二十年代开始在上海闻名，A项正确；根据第2段中“Main instruments are the erhu and sme ther traditinal Chinese instruments.”可知越剧的主要乐器是二胡和其他一些中国传统乐器，B项正确；根据最后一段中“The classics f the pera are Liang Shanb and Zhu Yingtai,Rmance f the West Chamber,Madame White Snake.”可知越剧的经典剧目中并未提到《秦香莲》，C项错误。故选C。
Passage 57【2020•郴州市】
Electric bicycles have becme ne f the mst ppular vehicles (交通工具) in peple’s daily life, whether in the cuntryside r in cities. They run n battery-perated (用电池发动的) mtrs. Electric bicycles can run much faster than bikes and they are very easy t ride.
They were first made in the 1980s in China, but they were nt ppular at that time. Tday, thanks t the imprvement n the quality (质量) f the batteries, electric bicycles sell much better. There are ver 100 electric bicycles makers in China. Nw China is ne f the largest makers f electric bicycles in the wrld, and many peple ride them t wrk, t send children t schls, t g t the supermarkets and s n.
Hwever, electric bicycles als have disadvantages. The mst imprtant ne is that they are nt safe enugh fr peple wh ride them. There are many accidents caused by electric bicycles because f their fast speed. Peple must be careful when riding electric bicycles. At the same time, peple shuld wear helmets (头盔) when riding electric bicycles. Check the batteries as ften as pssible. Keeping safe is the mst imprtant thing.
31. Electric bicycles were first made ________ in China.
A. in the 1960sB. in the 1970sC. in the 1980s
32. The underlined wrd “disadvantages” means ________ in Chinese.
A. 优点B. 缺点C. 型号
33. T keep safe, peple shuld ________ when riding electric bicycles.
A. wear helmetsB. ride very fastC. make a call
34. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. Peple in the cuntryside dn’t ride electric bicycles nw.
B. It’s nt safe enugh fr peple t ride electric bicycles.
C. There are ver 300 electric bicycles makers in China
35. What is the writer’s main purpse in the passage?
A. T intrduce electric bicycles t peple.
B. T talk abut the way t ride electric bicycles.
C. T shw us the disadvantages f electric bicycles.
这是一篇说明文，文章介绍电动车的便利以及它的缺点，提醒骑电动车的人需要注意的安全问题。
31.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“They were first made in the 1980s in China”电动车是在20世纪80年代在中国制造出来，故选C。
32.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据“The mst imprtant ne is that they are nt safe enugh fr peple wh ride them. There are many accidents caused by electric bicycles because f their fast speed”可知此处讲述的是电动车的缺点，disadvantages的意思是缺点。故选B。
33.A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“At the same time, peple shuld wear helmets (头盔) when riding electric bicycles”可知骑电动车应戴头盔，故选A。
34.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Electric bicycles have becme ne f the mst ppular vehicles in peple’s daily life, whether in the cuntryside r in cities”可知A选项“dn’t ride” 表述错误。根据第二段“There are ver 100 electric bicycles makers in China ”可知C选项“ver 300” 表述错误。根据最后一段“The mst imprtant ne is that they are nt safe enugh fr peple wh ride them”可知B表述正确。故选B。
35.A【解析】写作意图题。文章主要目的是为了介绍电动车给读者，介绍了它的便利以及它的不安全性。B选项“the way t ride”骑电动车的方式文中没有提到，C选项“the disadvantages”过于片面，故选A。
Passage 58【2020•常德市】
What are crnaviruses? Crnaviruses were discvered in the 1960s. They are a grup f viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, crnaviruses cause respiratry tract infectins.
The new crnavirus. At the end f 2019, a new type f crnavirus started spreading in China. This type f crnavirus is ften called 2019-nCV, nvel crnavirus, r COVID-19. It is believed that the virus was transmitted frm animals t humans. Sme f the first cases were diagnsed in peple wh had visited a market selling live seafd and animals. Unfrtunately, when viruses are transmitted frm animals t peple it can take scientists a lt f time befre they can develp a vaccine r medicines t cure it.
Hw des the virus spread? The virus appears t spread mainly frm persn t persn. The transmissin ccurs when smene cmes int cntact with an infected persn. Fr example, a cugh, a sneeze r a handshake culd cause transmissin. The spread may als be caused by cming int cntact with smething an infected persn has tuched and then tuching yur muth, nse r eyes.
1. When were crnaviruses discvered?
A. In the 1960s.B. In the 1970s.C. In the 1980s.
2. Where did the new crnaviruses start spreading at the end f 2019?
A. In China.B. In America.C. All ver the wrld.
3. Is it easy fr the dctrs t cure COVID-19?
A. Yes, it is.B. N, it isn’t.C. Nt mentined.
4. Hw many ways are mentined fr the spread f the new crnaviruses?
A. 1B. 2.C. 3.
这是一篇说明文。主要讲了三方面的内容：1.什么是冠状病毒？2.新型冠状病毒；3.病毒是如何传播的？
1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“ Crnaviruses were discvered in the 1960s.”可知，冠状病毒是在20世纪60年代发现的。故选A。
2.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“At the end f 2019, a new type f crnavirus started spreading in China.”可知，2019年底，新型冠状病毒开始在中国蔓延，故选A。
3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“Unfrtunately, when viruses are transmitted frm animals t peple，it can take scientists a lt f time befre they can develp a vaccine r medicines t cure it.”（不幸的是，当病毒从动物传播给人类时，科学家要花很长时间才能研制出治疗病毒的疫苗或药物。）可知，文中提到专家研制治疗病毒的疫苗或药物需要很长时间,故不容易治疗，选B。
4.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，病毒人传人的方式有两种：1.与被感染者接触；2.接触了被感染者接触过的东西。故选B。
Passage 59【2020•郴州市】
Things Yu Can D In One Secnd T Make Yur Life Happier
One secnd. That’s all it takes t make yur life happier. △ Then check ut this list f things yu can d in a single secnd. That will bring mre happiness int yur life every day.
Give a great big smile.
Lk fr an easy way t make yur life happier. Smile mre. Smiling can help yu feel better instantly. And it can be cntagius. S give a smile t a ttal stranger n the street. Or if yu’re sad, angry, r annyed abut smething, chse t smile and laugh it ff instead.
Take a deep breath.
Deep breathing is ne f the best ways t reduce stress and bring balance back int yur life. And it nly takes a secnd. Take sme time ut each day t fcus n nthing except yur breath. Yu’ll find yur life becmes happier, healthier, and less stressful.
Take a sip f water.
It’s n surprise that drinking water is gd fr yur health. Try keeping a water bttle with yu wherever yu g, and take a secnd t drink water a cuple times every hur. Drinking water can help keep yu hydrated, cntrl calries, filter yur kidneys, and keep healthy skin.
Give thanks.
Happy peple have this in cmmn: They are grateful fr all the gd things in their lives. This means that t make yur life happier, take a few minutes each day and cunt yur blessings. Say “Thank yu” mre ften. Shw yur appreciatin when gd things cme yur way.
9. Which can best replace “ △ ” in the passage?
A. D yu think s?B. Dn’t believe it?C. Am I right?
10. What des the wrd “cntagius” mean in Chinese?
A. 充满希望的B. 滑稽的C. 有感染力的
11. What can yu d t keep healthy skin?
A. Take deep breath.B. Drink sme water.C. Give thanks.
12. Which “secnd” in the fllwing has the same meaning as in the passage?
A. Dwnstairs, n the secnd flr, Michael served Mna breakfast.
B. The gun was fired and Beatn was wunded a secnd time.
C. Can yu just lift the table fr a secnd?
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一秒钟内做的事情就能让生活更快乐的方法。
9.B【解析】题意：填入文中空格处的最佳选项是什么？
推理判断题。根据上文One secnd. That’s all it takes t make yur life happier可知，根据常识可知，一秒钟通常做不了什么事情，故此处说的一秒钟就能让生命更快乐，这一说法让人很难相信。B选项Dn’t believe it?“不相信吗？”符合题意，故选B。
10.C【解析】题意：单词“cntagius”的中文意思是什么？
词句猜测题。根据第二段中" Smiling can help yu feel better instantly."可知微笑能让你立即感觉很好，根据下文“And it can be cntagius. S give a smile t a ttal stranger n the street.”可知，笑容是会传染，所以在街上遇到陌生人也应该多笑一笑。C选项“有感染力的”符合题意，故选C。
11.B【解析】题意：你能做什么来保持皮肤健康？
细节理解题。根据原文“Drinking water can help keep yu hydrated, cntrl calries, filter yur kidneys, and keep healthy skin.”可知，喝水可以保持皮肤健康。B选项Drink sme water“喝水”符合题意，故选B。
12.C【解析】题意：本文中“secnd”的意思与下列哪一项的“secnd”意思相同？
词句猜测题。原文中“secnd”的意思是“一秒钟”，C选项Can yu just lift the table fr a secnd?“你能把桌子抬一下吗？”其中，secnd意为“一秒钟”，故选C。
Passage 60【2020•郴州市】
Happy, Happy Chinese New Year by Demi Hitz
In a bk that is itself a celebratin, Demi explains the ideas behind the Chinese New Year festival. The last 15 days f the ld year are spent cleaning and preparing (Wash yur hair and get a new haircut. Pay the debts that yu we and cllect what is wed t yu!). On the eve f the new mn, a special feast is prepared… The first 15 days f the New Year are spent celebrating with lin dances, firecrackers, and ther activities.
Demi has lng been interested in Eastern art and philsphy, which inspired her t create this bk abut the Chinese New Year celebratin. She has written and illustrated mre than 20 bks fr children, including The Empty Pt, Gandhi, and Kites: Magic Wishes that Fly Up t the Sky.
Chinese New Year fr Kids by Cindy Rberts
Chinese New Year fr Kids is a full clr bk with beautiful, Chinese illustratins. This is a hands-n wrkbk fr parents and teachers, written fr children frm ages 3 t 12 years ld, fr use in the classrm r at hme. Children will enjy the Chinese New Year party ideas, dragn dances, lin dances, art prjects, and Chinese games.
The art prjects fr Chinese New Year are designed t be easy, as well as inexpensive t reprduce fr large grups. All the activities in this bk have been tested in the classrm, with very successful results, and have caused lts f enthusiasm frm children and teachers alike. Music, physical mvement, art, and fd all add t the ambiance f taking an imaginary trip t China during the Chinese New Year.
17. What is “Happy, Happy Chinese New Year”?
A. A bk.B. A celebratin.C. A festival.
18. What d Chinese usually d befre the New Year?
A. They usually have a big meal every day.
B. They are busy cleaning and preparing.
C. They are celebrating with activities.
19. Wh will mst likely read the bks by Demi?
A. Children frm western cuntries.
B. Students frm China.
C. Indian Children.
20. What will the readers mst prbably d after reading “Chinese New Year fr Kids”?
A. They will jin t write mre bks abut China.
B. They will have a strng wish t visit China during Chinese New Year.
C. They will enjy the Chinese New Year party ideas, dragn and lin dances.
本文介绍了两本关于介绍中国新年的书籍。
17.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“Happy, Happy Chinese New Year by Demi Hitz；In a bk that is itself a celebratin, Demi explains the ideas behind the Chinese New Year festival.”可知，Happy, Happy Chinese New Year是由黛米·希茨所写的一本书。故选A。
18.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“The last 15 days f the ld year are spent cleaning and preparing”可知，在新年到来之前，中国人忙着打扫和准备。故选B。
19.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Demi has lng been interested in Eastern art and philsphy, which inspired her t create this bk abut the Chinese New Year celebratin.”可知，黛米一直对东方艺术和哲学感兴趣，这本书是关于中国新年庆典的，而且她还写了其他面向孩子的书，所以西方的孩子们最有可能阅读这本书，去了解中国的春节。故选A。
20.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Music, physical mvement, art, and fd all add t the ambiance f taking an imaginary trip t China during the Chinese New Year.”可知，音乐，身体运动，艺术和食物都增加了在中国新年期间去中国旅行的氛围，所以当作者读了这本书以后，他们将有一个强烈的愿望，在春节期间访问中国。故选B。
Passage 61【2020•湖南省衡阳市】
Scial media(媒体)is a big part f mst peple’s lives. There are scial apps and sites like WeChat and Sina Weib, as well as vide apps like Duyin and Kuaishu. Hw d yu behave when yu use these apps?
Recently researchers at the University f Sussex, UK, studied scial media users ranging frm 10 t 15 years ld. They fund that they can be divided int fur persnality types.
Geeks(极客)
Geeks are active scial media users，but they find it mush mre difficult t deal with the life in the real wrld. Mst f them are bys wh like playing cmputer games and making music and vides. They ften pst creative wrks nline, using fake(假的) names. In fact, they shuld avid spending t much time n the Internet.
Internet celebrities
Internet celebrities like sharing as well , but they are much mre visible (看得见的) than geeks. They might becme well-knwn fr their singing r dancing. But many f them, especially teenagers ,share almst every side f their lives in rder t wn mre fans. Being a teenage Internet celebrity can smetimes cause prblems in the real wrld.
Lurkers(潜伏者)
The first tw grups are lucky t find a place t shw their talent. But mst teenagers fall int the third type---- “lurkers”, r peple wh are neither t active nr visible. This grup prefers WeChat ver Sina Weib, as WeChat has private grups. They can’t express themselves well but at least they make sure t prtect their persnal infrmatin.
Victims(受害者)
Victims dn't have enugh knwledge t keep themselves safe nline Their persnal infrmatin can be made public and cause prblems fr them. T avid being a victim, yu shuld check yur persnal settings n scial media.“Friends nly” is a gd chice fr yur psts. Dn’t share yur persnal infrmatin.
26．What des the underlined wrd“they" in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Researchers at the University f Sussex, UK.
B．Scial media users ranging frm 10 t 15 years ld.
C．Researchers and scial media users ranging frm 10 t 15 years ld.
27．What d geeks ften d n the Internet accrding t the passage?
A．They share almst every side f their lives.
B．They share their persnal infrmatin.
C．They pst creative wrks.
28．The underlined phrase“Internet celebrity" in Paragraph 4 means________ in Chinese.
A．网络用户B．网络名人C．网络博主
29．Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut lurkers?
A．They wuld rather use WeChat than Sina Weib.
B．This grup is bth active and visible.
C．Lurkers dn’t have enugh knwledge t keep their persnal infrmatin safe nline.
30．The passage is written t_________
A．ffer tips fr scial media users.
B．teach scial media users t use different apps.
C．describe fur persnality types f scial media users.
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了网络社交媒体上的四类人：极客，网红，潜伏者和受害者。
26．B 【解析】词句猜测题。根据上一句“Recently researchers at the University f Sussex, UK, studied scial media users ranging frm 10 t 15 years ld.”可知，这里的they指代的是scial media users ranging frm 10 t 15 years ld，故选B。
27．C【解析】细节理解题。根据“ They ften pst creative wrks nline, using fake(假的) names.”可知，极客通常在网上用假名发表有创意的作品。故选C。
28．B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据“They might becme well-knwn fr their singing Or dancing…share almst every side f their lives in rder t wn mre fans.”中“well-knwn”（出名的）和“fans”（粉丝）可推断，这里的Internet celebrity是网络名人的意思，故选B。
29．A 【解析】细节理解题。根据“This grup prefers WeChat ver Sina Weib”可知，A选项“这群人更喜欢微信而不是新浪微博”是正确的；根据“peple wh are neither t active nr visible”可知，B选项“这个团体既活跃又可见”是错误的；根据“ They can’t express themselves well but at least they make sure t prtect their persnal infrmatin”可知，C选项“潜伏者没有足够的知识来保证他们的个人信息在网上的安全。”是错误的。故选A。
30．C【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了网络社交媒体上的四类人，所以这篇文章是描述社交媒体用户的四种性格类型，故选C。
Passage 62【2020•湖南省邵阳市】

Have yu ever visited the Frbidden City? This year is its 600th birthday. It is the wrld's largest palace and has ver 17 millin visitrs every year. But if we traveled back t the past, we prbably wuldn't be allwed inside.
In the past, all buildings in Beijing were lw except the Frbidden City. Frm utside, rdinary（普通的）peple culd nly imagine what it lked like inside.
The Frbidden City takes up 720, 000 square meters in the heart f Beijing. It was built frm 1406 t 1420 by the third emperr f the Ming Dynasty, the Yngle Emperr. Afer that, it was the living and wrking place f 14 emperrs f the Ming Dynasty and 10 emperrs f the Qing Dynasty.
During thse times, the Frbidden City was where the cuntry's supreme pwer（最高权力）culd be fund. Emperrs were brn, lived, fught and died there. It saw the highs and lws f the Ming and Qing dynasties, and it plays a very imprtant part in Chinese histry.
The cultural relics（遗物）and dcuments（文件）in the palace shw hw the ryal families lived. They are still used tday fr histrical research, as well as inspiratin fr literature（文学）and entertainment（娱乐）.
In 1987, the Frbidden City was listed as a UNESCO Wrld Heritage site. Fr wrld leaders wh visit China, it has becme a must-see. In 2017, when US President Dnald Trump paid a state visit t China President Xi Jinping and his wife Peng Liyuan welcmed Trump and his wife there.
31．The Frbidden City was built _________.
A．in1406B．in 1420C．frm 1406 t 1420
32．Why des the Frbidden City play an imprtant rle in Chinese histry?
A．Because it saw the highs and lws f the Ming and Qing dynasties.
B．Because it was the place where the emperrs were brn and grew up.
C．Because it is the place peple want t visit mst.
33．__________can shw hw the ryal families lived in the Frbidden City.
A．The pictures f the Frbidden City
B．The cultural relics and the dcuments in the palace
C．The buildings in Beijing
34．What des the underlined wrd“must-see”mean in Chinese?
A．一定看见B．一定明白C．必看之地
35．What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A．The Frbidden City.
B．The emperrs f the Ming and Qing dynasties.
C．The life f ryal families.
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了紫禁城的历史、文化和观光价值。
31．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“It was built frm 1406 t 1420 by the third emperr f the Ming Dynasty, the Yngle Emperr”可知紫禁城建于1406年到1420年，故选C。
32．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“It saw the highs and lws f the Ming and Qing dynasties, and it plays a very imprtant part in Chinese histry”它见证了明朝和清朝的起起落落，所以在中国历史上有重要作用。故选A。
33．B【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The cultural relics（遗物）and dcuments（文件）in the palace shw hw the ryal families lived”可知遗物和文件显示皇室的居住情况。故选B。
34．C【解析】词义猜测题。根据“In 1987, the Frbidden City was listed as a UNESCO Wrld Heritage site. Fr wrld leaders wh visit China”可知must-see此处表示“必看之地”。故选C。
35．A【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了紫禁城的历史、文化和观光价值，可概括为The Frbidden City。故选A。
Passage 63【2020•湖南省永州市】
Impressins f Yngzhu
Yngzhu, whse neighburs are Guangdng and Guangxi, lies in the suth f Hunan Prvince. It cvers an area f 22,441 km2. There are 620 millin peple living here. If yu want t cme and take a trip. Munt Jiuyi and Liuzi Temple are tw f the must-see places f interest. Dn't miss the delicius fd: Dazhu Grey Gse, Dng’ an Chicken, and Yngzhu Bld Duck. Welcme t Yngzhu!
1．Where is Yngzhu?
A．In the suth f Hunan.B．In the suth f Guangdng.C．In the suth f Guangxi.
2．Yu can enjy the Yngzhu fd withut ________.
A．Dng'an ChickenB．Dazhu Grey GseC．Beijing Duck
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍永州的地理位置、人口、名胜古迹和美食。
1．A【解析】细节理解题。根据“Yngzhu, whse neighburs are Guangdng and Guangxi, lies in the suth f Hunan Prvince”可知永州位于湖南省的南部，临近广州和广西。故选A。
2．C【解析】细节理解题。根据“Dn't miss the delicius fd: Dazhu Grey Gsc, Dng’ an Chicken, and Yngzhu Bld Duck”可知不包括C选项Beijing Duck。故选C。
Passage 64【2020•湖南省张家界市】
Yu send a pht t yur friend face t face thrugh yur 4G mbile phne. He r she can receive it at nce. But actually, the pht has t g t the base statin first. The base statin then sends it t yur friend. When yu use 5G, the pht will nt g t a base statin. It will g directly (直接地) t yur friend's mbile phne. Yur friend receives the pht much faster. This is D2D technlgy.
27. Yu ________ when yu use 4G.
A. can't send a pht t yur friend
B. can send a pht t yur friend directly
C. can't send a pht t yur friend directly
28. Hw is pht sent when yu use 5G?
A. phne→phneB. phne→phne→base statinC. phne→base statin→phne
29. Which ne is right abut 5G?
A. It is nt cnvenient.B. It is much faster.C. It desn't use D2D technlgy.
30. What is the text mainly abut?
A. D2D technlgy.B. 4G mbile phne.C. 5G mbile phne.
文章介绍了使用4G发送图片时，图片是先发送到基站，然后再发送给朋友；而如果使用5G的话就不需要到基站，会直接发送给朋友，这就是D2D技术。
27.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文中Yu send a pht t yur friend face t face thrugh yur 4G mbile phne. He r she can receive it at nce. But actually, the pht has t g t the base statin first. The base statin then sends it t yur friend.可知，如果使用4G给朋友发送图片话，不会直接发送给朋友，而是要经过基站，再发送给朋友，故选C。
28.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中When yu use 5G, the pht will nt g t a base statin. It will g directly (直接地) t yur friend’s mbile phne.可知，如果使用5G发送图片的话，直接就会发送给朋友，不用经过基站，故选A。
29.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中Yur friend receives the pht much faster.可知，使用5G会更快，故选B。
30.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据整个文章的理解可知，主要是通过对比4G和5G发送图片的快慢来说明D2D技术，故选A。
2020年中考真题英语分项汇编
（一）【2020 •贵州省安顺市中考】
In the twn f Lampang in nrthern Thailand, there is an unusual grup f musicians. They play many different kinds f music—frm traditinal Thai sngs t music by Beethven. Bth children and adults lve this grup. What makes them s ppular? Is it their music? Their lks? Yes, it's bth f these things, but it's als smething else：they're elephants.
These musical elephants are frm the Thai Elephant Cnservatin Center （TECC）in Lampang. The TECC prtects elephants. It teaches peple t understand and care fr these huge, but gentle, animals. And, like many zs arund the wrld, the TECC encurages elephants t paint.
Richard Lair wrks with the TECC. He knew that elephants hear better than they see. S he had an idea：if elephants are intelligent and they have gd hearing, maybe they can play music. T test his idea, Lair and a friend started the Thai Elephant Orchestra. During a perfrmance, the elephants play a variety f instruments, including the drums and the xylphne. The animals als use their vices and trunks t make sunds.
But can elephants really make music prperly? Yes, says Lair. they’re very creative. Humans may encurage the animals t play instruments, but the elephants make their wn sngs；they dn't just cpy their trainers r ther peple. There are nw CDs f the grup's music, which make mney fr the TECC. And the music these artists create is pretty amazing.
46. What can be the best title fr the passage?
A. Musical Elephants
B. An Intrductin t the TECC
C. Richard Lair's Achievements
47. What des the underlined wrd "them" refer t in the passage?
A. Musicians.B. Children.C. Adults.
48. What can be inferred（推断） frm the passage the passage ?
A. Richard Lair started the Thai Elephant Orchestra by himself.
B. The elephants in the TECC can nly play traditinal Thai sngs.
C. The CDs f the Thai Elephant Orchestra are ppular with peple.
49. The writer wrte this passage t _______.
A. ask peple t save the elephants
B. invite mre peple t jin the TECC
C. intrduce the elephants' special talents t peple
50. Where can we mst prbably read this passage?
A. A medical newspaper.
B. An animal magazine
C. A stry bk
【文章大意】本文介绍了在泰国北部一个非常受欢迎的大象乐队。它们演奏不同种类的音乐。大象非常聪明，它们也会画画。它们非常有创造性，会创作自己的音乐。
46.A【解析】最佳标题。根据第一段最后一句“they're elephants.”以及第二段到第四段对大象乐队的介绍可知，本文主要介绍的是大象乐队，因此A选项最符合本文标题。故选A。
47.A【解析】词义推断题。them指代的复数人称，them以及第一段第二句中的they指代内容相同，指代的是文章第一句“In the twn f Lampang in nrthern Thailand, there is an unusual grup f musicians.”中的musicians“音乐人”。故选A。
48.C【解析】推理判断题。根据“There are nw CDs f the grup's music, which make mney fr the TECC.”可知大象乐队有自己的CD，这些CD让TECC赚钱，因此可推测，它们的CD是很受欢迎的。故选C。
49.C【解析】推理判断题。根据“…there is an unusual grup f musicians.”和“And the music these artists create is pretty amazing.”可知全文围绕大象的音乐才能展开的，因此文章主要是向人们介绍大象在音乐方面的特殊才能。故选C。
50.B【解析】推理判断题。A医学报纸；B动物杂志；C故事书。本文介绍的是大象特殊的音乐才能，因此B选项最符合。故选B。
（二）【2020 •贵州省黔东南州中考】
The summer vacatin is cming. During the vacatin, yu can d what yu like and prepare yurself well fr the future. Yu'll enjy yur summer vacatin with the help f the fllwing suggestins.
▲Take exercise. After studying hard fr mnths, yu must be bred and tired. Taking exercise is the best way t get energy again. Swimming and walking are perfect chices fr yu. All kinds f exercise are gd fr yur health.
▲Master sme basic life skills. Yu will live an independent life ne day. Therefre, yu shuld learn sme necessary and useful basic life skills such as washing clthes and cking. At the same time, yu shuld help yur parents with husewrk t express thanks t them.
▲G travelling. The wrld is a bk. Thse wh dn't travel nly read ne page. Travelling is s interesting. Have yu made yur wn plan? If nt, d it at nce. During the trip, yu will have a chance t get mre knwledge. While learning abut different cultures and custms, yu will als make a lt f friends.
▲Enjy the time with family members. Family members play an imprtant rle in yur life. They give yu lve, care and supprt all the time. Dn't frget t spare sme time tgether with them. Yu will find it great t stay with them, talking abut dreams, hbbies r anything yu like.
As lng as yu fllw the suggestins mentined abve, yu will have a wnderful vacatin.
61. Hw many suggestins are mentined in the passage?
A. Three.B. Fur.C. Five.D. Six.
62. Which is the best way t get energy accrding t the passage?
A. Swimming.B. Walking.C. Taking exercise.D. Rum
63. Why shuld we learn basic life skills?
A. Because we will live an independent life ne day.
B. Because we like t share husewrk with ur family.
C. Because we dn't want t express ur thanks.
D. Because ding husewrk is difficult fr us.
64. Hw des the writer think f travelling?
A. He thinks it's tiring.B. He thinks it's interesting.
C. He thinks it's terrible.D. He thinks it's bring.
65. The material mainly tells us ________.
A. the suggestins abut basic life skillsB. the suggestins abut taking exercise
C. the suggestins abut summer vacatinD. the suggestins abut travelling
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种充分享受美好暑假时光的建议，包括锻炼身体、掌握一些基本的生活技能、旅游和陪伴家人。
61.B【解析】细节理解题。根据 “▲Take exercise. ”，“▲Master sme basic life skills. ”，“▲G travelling. ”，“▲Enjy the time with family members.”可知，文中给出了4条建议，故选B。
62.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“Taking exercise is the best way t get energy again” 锻炼是恢复精力的最好方法，可知，C符合题意，故选C。
63.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“Yu will live an independent life ne day. Therefre, yu shuld learn sme necessary and useful basic life skills…”总有一天你会过上独立的生活。因此，你应该学习一些必要和有用的基本生活技能，可知，学习基本的生活技能的原因是因为总有一天我们会独立生活。故选A。
64.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“Travelling is s interesting” 旅行是如此有趣，可知，作者认为旅行很有趣，故选B。
65.C【解析】主旨大意题。根据“ Yu'll enjy yur summer vacatin with the help f the fllwing suggestins.” 在以下建议的帮助下，你会享受你的暑假，可知，本文主要讲的是享受美好暑假时光的建议。故选C。
（三）【2020 •贵州省黔东南州中考】
AI(人工智能)makes ur lives easier and better. Let's see the amazing AI.
Cl driverless bus
A bus dr pens and yu get n. Wait! Where is the driver? Here is a new kind f driverless bus called Aplng. It has 14 seats and desn't need a driver. The bus fllws traffic rules. It stps as sn as it sees a stp light.
Yur clse friend
Hi, everyne. I'm Xiabing, a chatbt (聊天机器人). I speak like a 17—year—ld girl. If yu feel lnely, yu can talk with me. I'm talented at singing, writing pems and telling stries. I want t be yur friend!
Wrld's first AI anchr (主播)
Hey, lk! The famus Chinese anchr Qiu Ha is reprting the news fr us. But, is "he" really Qiu Ha? The answer is "n". This is the wrld's first Al anchr. It lks and speaks just like a real persn. It can wrk 24 hurs and desn't make any mistakes. Yu might see it n TV sn.
Ppular AI artist
This beautiful painting was at an auctin(拍卖)in 2020. The painting is wrth abut 3, 000000 yuan! But it is nt a wrk by a famus painter, such as Vincent van Ggh. It was painted by an AI arts. Three Frenchmen created the Al artist It studied ver 15, 000 paintings. In this way, it learned t paint.
66. The fact abut Aplng is that ________.
A. the bus dr can't pen itselfB. it stps as sn as it sees a stp light
C. there are 24 seats in itD. it desn't fllw the traffic rules
67. Xiabing can NOT ________.
A. g ut t play with yuB. talk with yu if yu feel lnely
C. singD. be yur friend
68. The painting ________.
A. was at an auctin in 2019
B. is wrth abut 3, 000, 000 yuan at an auctin
C. is a wrk painted by Vincent van Ggh
D. was studied by three French artists ver 15, 000 times
69. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. AI makes ur lives harder and wrse.
B. This new kind f driverless bus als needs a driver t cntrl it.
C. Xiabing is a 17—year—ld girl.
D. The AI anchr can wrk 24 hurs and desn't make any mistakes.
70. We can prbably read the passage in ________.
A. a strybkB. a nticeC. a newspaperD. a nvel
【文章大意】本文介绍了四种人工智能产品。
66.B【解析】细节理解题。根据It stps as sn as it sees a stp light，可知，它每次看到红绿灯都会停下来。故选B。
67.A【解析】细节理解题。根据If yu feel lnely, yu can talk with me. I'm talented at singing, writing pems and telling stries. I want t be yur friend，可知，聊天机器人可以聊天，可以唱歌，写诗和讲故事，也可以成为你的朋友。结合所给选项，只有A选项不可以做。故选A。
68.B【解析】细节理解题。根据This beautiful painting was at an auctin(拍卖)in 2020. The painting is wrth abut 3, 000000 yuan，可知，这幅油画在2020年的一次拍卖会上价值约300000元。故选B。
69.D【解析】推理判断题。根据AI(人工智能)makes ur lives easier and better，可知，人工智能使我们的生活更好更简单，所以A选项错误。根据It has 14 seats and desn't need a driver，可知，无人驾驶公交车不需要司机，所以B选项错误。根据I speak like a 17—year—ld girl，可知，Xiabing像一个17岁的女孩一样说话，所以C选项错误。根据It can wrk 24 hurs and desn't make any mistakes，可知，人工智能主播可以工作24小时，并不犯任何错误，所以D选项正确。故选D。
【解析】推理判断题。根据AI(人工智能)makes ur lives easier and better. Let's see the amazing AI，可知，本文介绍了四种人工智能产品，结合所给选项，这篇文章我们最可能会在报纸上看到。故选C。
（四）【2020 •湖南省常德市中考】
What are crnaviruses? Crnaviruses were discvered in the 1960s. They are a grup f viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, crnaviruses cause respiratry tract infectins.
The new crnavirus. At the end f 2019, a new type f crnavirus started spreading in China. This type f crnavirus is ften called 2019-nCV, nvel crnavirus, r COVID-19. It is believed that the virus was transmitted frm animals t humans. Sme f the first cases were diagnsed in peple wh had visited a market selling live seafd and animals. Unfrtunately, when viruses are transmitted frm animals t peple it can take scientists a lt f time befre they can develp a vaccine r medicines t cure it.
Hw des the virus spread? The virus appears t spread mainly frm persn t persn. The transmissin ccurs when smene cmes int cntact with an infected persn. Fr example, a cugh, a sneeze r a handshake culd cause transmissin. The spread may als be caused by cming int cntact with smething an infected persn has tuched and then tuching yur muth, nse r eyes.
1. When were crnaviruses discvered?
A. In the 1960s.B. In the 1970s.C. In the 1980s.
2. Where did the new crnaviruses start spreading at the end f 2019?
A. In China.B. In America.C. All ver the wrld.
3. Is it easy fr the dctrs t cure COVID-19?
A. Yes, it is.B. N, it isn’t.C. Nt mentined.
4. Hw many ways are mentined fr the spread f the new crnaviruses?
A. 1B. 2.C. 3.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要讲了三方面的内容：1.什么是冠状病毒？2.新型冠状病毒；3.病毒是如何传播的？
1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“ Crnaviruses were discvered in the 1960s.”可知，冠状病毒是在20世纪60年代发现的。故选A。
2.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“At the end f 2019, a new type f crnavirus started spreading in China.”可知，2019年底，新型冠状病毒开始在中国蔓延，故选A。
3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“Unfrtunately, when viruses are transmitted frm animals t peple，it can take scientists a lt f time befre they can develp a vaccine r medicines t cure it.”（不幸的是，当病毒从动物传播给人类时，科学家要花很长时间才能研制出治疗病毒的疫苗或药物。）可知，文中提到专家研制治疗病毒的疫苗或药物需要很长时间,故不容易治疗，选B。
4.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，病毒人传人的方式有两种：1.与被感染者接触；2.接触了被感染者接触过的东西。故选B。
（五）【2020 •湖南省常德市中考】
Things Yu Can D In One Secnd T Make Yur Life Happier
One secnd. That’s all it takes t make yur life happier. △ Then check ut this list f things yu can d in a single secnd. That will bring mre happiness int yur life every day.
Give a great big smile.
Lk fr an easy way t make yur life happier. Smile mre. Smiling can help yu feel better instantly. And it can be cntagius. S give a smile t a ttal stranger n the street. Or if yu’re sad, angry, r annyed abut smething, chse t smile and laugh it ff instead.
Take a deep breath.
Deep breathing is ne f the best ways t reduce stress and bring balance back int yur life. And it nly takes a secnd. Take sme time ut each day t fcus n nthing except yur breath. Yu’ll find yur life becmes happier, healthier, and less stressful.
Take a sip f water.
It’s n surprise that drinking water is gd fr yur health. Try keeping a water bttle with yu wherever yu g, and take a secnd t drink water a cuple times every hur. Drinking water can help keep yu hydrated, cntrl calries, filter yur kidneys, and keep healthy skin.
Give thanks.
Happy peple have this in cmmn: They are grateful fr all the gd things in their lives. This means that t make yur life happier, take a few minutes each day and cunt yur blessings. Say “Thank yu” mre ften. Shw yur appreciatin when gd things cme yur way.
9. Which can best replace “ △ ” in the passage?
A. D yu think s?B. Dn’t believe it?C. Am I right?
10. What des the wrd “cntagius” mean in Chinese?
A. 充满希望的B. 滑稽的C. 有感染力的
11. What can yu d t keep healthy skin?
A. Take deep breath.B. Drink sme water.C. Give thanks.
12. Which “secnd” in the fllwing has the same meaning as in the passage?
A. Dwnstairs, n the secnd flr, Michael served Mna breakfast.
B. The gun was fired and Beatn was wunded a secnd time.
C. Can yu just lift the table fr a secnd?
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一秒钟内做的事情就能让生活更快乐的方法。
9.B【解析】题意：填入文中空格处的最佳选项是什么？
推理判断题。根据上文One secnd. That’s all it takes t make yur life happier可知，根据常识可知，一秒钟通常做不了什么事情，故此处说的一秒钟就能让生命更快乐，这一说法让人很难相信。B选项Dn’t believe it?“不相信吗？”符合题意，故选B。
10.C【解析】题意：单词“cntagius”的中文意思是什么？
词句猜测题。根据第二段中" Smiling can help yu feel better instantly."可知微笑能让你立即感觉很好，根据下文“And it can be cntagius. S give a smile t a ttal stranger n the street.”可知，笑容是会传染，所以在街上遇到陌生人也应该多笑一笑。C选项“有感染力的”符合题意，故选C。
11.B【解析】题意：你能做什么来保持皮肤健康？
细节理解题。根据原文“Drinking water can help keep yu hydrated, cntrl calries, filter yur kidneys, and keep healthy skin.”可知，喝水可以保持皮肤健康。B选项Drink sme water“喝水”符合题意，故选B。
12.C【解析】题意：本文中“secnd”的意思与下列哪一项的“secnd”意思相同？
词句猜测题。原文中“secnd”的意思是“一秒钟”，C选项Can yu just lift the table fr a secnd?“你能把桌子抬一下吗？”其中，secnd意为“一秒钟”，故选C。
（六）【2020 •湖南省常德市中考】
Happy, Happy Chinese New Year by Demi Hitz
In a bk that is itself a celebratin, Demi explains the ideas behind the Chinese New Year festival. The last 15 days f the ld year are spent cleaning and preparing (Wash yur hair and get a new haircut. Pay the debts that yu we and cllect what is wed t yu!). On the eve f the new mn, a special feast is prepared… The first 15 days f the New Year are spent celebrating with lin dances, firecrackers, and ther activities.
Demi has lng been interested in Eastern art and philsphy, which inspired her t create this bk abut the Chinese New Year celebratin. She has written and illustrated mre than 20 bks fr children, including The Empty Pt, Gandhi, and Kites: Magic Wishes that Fly Up t the Sky.
Chinese New Year fr Kids by Cindy Rberts
Chinese New Year fr Kids is a full clr bk with beautiful, Chinese illustratins. This is a hands-n wrkbk fr parents and teachers, written fr children frm ages 3 t 12 years ld, fr use in the classrm r at hme. Children will enjy the Chinese New Year party ideas, dragn dances, lin dances, art prjects, and Chinese games.
The art prjects fr Chinese New Year are designed t be easy, as well as inexpensive t reprduce fr large grups. All the activities in this bk have been tested in the classrm, with very successful results, and have caused lts f enthusiasm frm children and teachers alike. Music, physical mvement, art, and fd all add t the ambiance f taking an imaginary trip t China during the Chinese New Year.
17. What is “Happy, Happy Chinese New Year”?
A. A bk.B. A celebratin.C. A festival.
18. What d Chinese usually d befre the New Year?
A. They usually have a big meal every day.
B. They are busy cleaning and preparing.
C. They are celebrating with activities.
19. Wh will mst likely read the bks by Demi?
A. Children frm western cuntries.
B. Students frm China.
C. Indian Children.
20. What will the readers mst prbably d after reading “Chinese New Year fr Kids”?
A. They will jin t write mre bks abut China.
B. They will have a strng wish t visit China during Chinese New Year.
C. They will enjy the Chinese New Year party ideas, dragn and lin dances.
【文章大意】本文介绍了两本关于介绍中国新年的书籍。
17.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“Happy, Happy Chinese New Year by Demi Hitz；In a bk that is itself a celebratin, Demi explains the ideas behind the Chinese New Year festival.”可知，Happy, Happy Chinese New Year是由黛米·希茨所写的一本书。故选A。
18.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“The last 15 days f the ld year are spent cleaning and preparing”可知，在新年到来之前，中国人忙着打扫和准备。故选B。
19.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Demi has lng been interested in Eastern art and philsphy, which inspired her t create this bk abut the Chinese New Year celebratin.”可知，黛米一直对东方艺术和哲学感兴趣，这本书是关于中国新年庆典的，而且她还写了其他面向孩子的书，所以西方的孩子们最有可能阅读这本书，去了解中国的春节。故选A。
20.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Music, physical mvement, art, and fd all add t the ambiance f taking an imaginary trip t China during the Chinese New Year.”可知，音乐，身体运动，艺术和食物都增加了在中国新年期间去中国旅行的氛围，所以当作者读了这本书以后，他们将有一个强烈的愿望，在春节期间访问中国。故选B。
（七）【2020 •山东省德州市中考】
Hw did peple tell the time befre clcks were invented?
At first, the ancient peple lked up at the sun and culd tell it was the middle f the day when the sun was directly verhead in the sky. They als knew when it was mrning r evening.
Later, the Egyptians used sticks. These sticks measured (测量) time during the day. The sun shne n the tall stick and the stick made a shadw (阴影). As the sun mved acrss the sky, the psitin (位置) f the shadw changed. This wuld let peple tell what time it was.
Over time, the Chinese first used sundials instead f shadw sticks. The sundial has a type f shadw stick n it. As the sun shines n it, a shadw appears n the numbers. Each number stands fr an hur f the day. But sundials dn't wrk at night r n a cludy day! There are n shadws unless the sun is ut.
Water clcks used water t measure time at night. Water dripped (滴落) slwly frm ne bwl int anther. The level f the water in the bwls shwed the time.
Peple als used sand-glasses. Yu may have seen ne. Sme games still use sand-glasses. The sand falls frm the tp f the sand-glasses t the bttm. It measures shrt amunts f the time. The mre sand falls, the mre time has passed. When the sand has finished falling, yu have t turn the sand-glasses ver.
11. At first, the ancient peple tld the time by lking at ________.
A. the stickB. the shadwC. the sunD. the mn
12. Which picture can be a "sundial"?
A. B. C. D.
13. Sundials can be used t tell the time when it is ________.
A. sunnyB. rainyC. cludyD. snwy
14. Which is right accrding t the passage?
A. Sticks measured time in Egypt day and night.B. Sundials were first used in ancient Egypt.
C. Sand-glasses usually measure a lng time.D. The water clck tld the time by the water level in the bwls.
15. What's the main idea f the passage?
A. Smething abut sundials.B. Hw t tell the time by lking at the sun.
C. Hw t tell the time in the past.D. Sme inventins in China.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在钟表发明出来之前，人们都是利用什么来计时和看时间。
11.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“At first, the ancient peple lked up at the sun and culd tell it was the middle f the day when the sun was directly verhead in the sky”可知起初古代人是通过看太阳来计算时间的，故选C。
12.B【解析】推理判断题。根据“The sundial has a type f shadw stick n it. As the sun shines n it, a shadw appears n the numbers”，可知日晷有一根阴影棒，太阳照射后阴影会出现在数字上，根据图片所示，可判断是B图，故选B。
13.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“But sundials dn't wrk at night r n a cludy day! There are n shadws unless the sun is ut”，可知必须要有太阳，故选A。
14.D【解析】判断正误题。根据“These sticks measured (测量) time during the day”，可知小棍子只在白天测量时间，晚上不行，A选项表述错误，排除；根据“Over time, the Chinese first used sundials instead f shadw sticks”，可知是中国人率先使用日晷，而不是埃及人，B选项表述错误，排除；根据“The sand falls frm the tp f the sand-glasses t the bttm. It measures shrt amunts f the time”，可知沙漏只能测量短的时间，而不是长的时间，C选项表述错误，排除；根据“The level f the water in the bwls shwed the time”，可知水时钟是通过水平面来展示时间的，D选项表述正确，故选D。
15.C【解析】文章主旨题。通读全文，可知文章主要介绍了在钟表发明出来之前，人们都是利用什么来计时和看时间的，故选C。
（八）【2020•山东省泰安市中考】
If yu walk alng the River Thames, there are lts f interesting buildings t see. Running thrugh the heart f Lndn, there are als many galleries, markets, shps and activities t keep yu busy alng its banks. Yu will als see a strange rund building. It lks very ld and very different frm all the thers, This is Shakespeare’s Glbe Theatre(莎士比亚环球剧场).
The Glbe Theatre was first built here in 1599. William Shakespeare was ne f the mst famus writers that ever lived. His plays were perfrmed in the theatre fr many years. Hwever, in 1613, a fire brke ut during a perfrmance. The theatre was destryed(毁坏), but the secnd was built the fllwing year. It remained a theatre until 1644, and then it was pulled dwn t build huses. The mdern（and als the third）Glbe Theatre was cmpleted in 1997, ver 350 years later. This was dne t hnr Shakespeare, the mst famus English writer. T this day, his many plays are perfrmed there daily. He wrte arund thirty-eight plays. They are cmedies（funny stries）, histries（abut histrical events and peple）, and tragedies（serius and sad stries）. Peple cme frm all ver the wrld t watch them at the Glbe Theatre. They are perfrmed in exactly the same way as they were hundreds f years ag.
The building is rund and made mstly f wd. There are simple seats n three different levels all arund the sides. Everyne can see the stage(舞台). Hwever, there is n rf(屋顶) in the middle! The cheapest tickets are standing tickets. Yu stand in the middle, right in frnt f the actrs, but if it rains, yu will get wet!
18. When was the secnd Glbe Theatre built?
A. In 1599.B. In 1613.C. In 1614.D. In 1997.
19. What can we knw abut Shakespeare accrding t the secnd paragraph?
A. Shakespeare was ne f the mst famus French writers.
B. Many f his plays are perfrmed daily in the mdern Glbe Theatre.
C. His plays are perfrmed in a different way frm they were hundreds f years ag.
D. He wrte thirty-eight plays that were all abut histrical events and peple.
20. What des the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A. The inside structure(结构) f Shakespeare’s Glbe Theatre.
B. The histry f Shakespeare’s Glbe Theatre.
C. The pening time f Shakespeare’s Glbe Theatre.
D. The three types f tickets that yu can chse.
21. Which f the fllwing statements abut the mdern Glbe Theatre is TRUE?
A. It has remained there fr ver 350 years.
B. The rund building lks ld and strange.
C. It is made mstly f wd and has a rund rf in the middle.
D. If we buy the cheapest tickets in the theatre, we will be farthest frm the stage.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了位于伦敦的莎士比亚环球剧院。
18.C【解析】题意：第二个环球剧院是什么时候建成的？
细节理解题。根据原文Hwever, in 1613, a fire brke ut during a perfrmance. The theatre was destryed(毁坏), but the secnd was built the fllwing year可知，1613年环球剧院被烧毁，第二年第二个环球剧院被建成。由此可知第二个环球剧院1614年被建成。C选项In 1614“在1614年”符合题意，故选C。
19.B【解析】题意：根据本文第二段的内容，我们能了解到关于莎士比亚的什么事情？
细节理解题。根据原文T this day, his many plays are perfrmed there daily可知，直到今天，他的许多戏剧每天都在那里上演。B选项Many f his plays are perfrmed daily in the mdern Glbe Theatre“他的许多戏剧每天都在最新的环球剧院上演”符合题意，故选B。
20.A【解析】题意：本文最后一段主要告诉我们什么？
主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，本段主要描述了环球剧院的内部结构。A选项The inside structure(结构) f Shakespeare’s Glbe Theatre“莎士比亚环球剧院的内部结构”符合题意，故选A。
21.B【解析】题意：以下关于最新环球剧院的说法中哪一项是正确的？
细节理解题。根据原文The mdern（and als the third）Glbe Theatre was cmpleted in 1997, ver 350 years later可知，最新的这座莎士比亚环球剧院是在1997年建成的，A选项“它（最新的这座莎士比亚环球剧院）已经在那里矗立了350多年了”说法错误，可排除。根据原文Hwever, there is n rf(屋顶) in the middle可知，C选项“它大部分是用木头做的，中间有一个圆形屋顶”说法错误，可排除。根据原文The cheapest tickets are standing tickets. Yu stand in the middle可知，最便宜的票是站票，可以站在建筑物的中央，离演员很近，D选项“如果我们在剧院买最便宜的票，我们将离舞台最远”说法错误，可排除。根据原文Yu will als see a strange rund building. It lks very ld and very different frm all the thers, This is Shakespeare’s Glbe Theatre可知，最新的这座莎士比亚环球剧院是一个看起来很旧、很奇怪的圆形建筑，B选项“这座圆形建筑看上去既陈旧又奇怪”符合题意，故选B。
（九）【2020•四川省乐山市中考】
Services > Using yur Card
Library Cards are free t all peple in Califrnia. They allw yu t brrw bks, magazines, CDs, and DVDs frm ur library. They als allw yu t use the cmputers at the library.
Click here t apply fr（申请）a Card.
★Yu must shw yur pht ID in persn at the library.
★Yu must cme t the library t receive a Card r change an expired（到期的）Card yurself. Library Cards expire after fur years.
★Yu can always update（更新）yur address, phne number and email nline.
★Tell us immediately if yur Card is lst r stlen.
Cards fr kids and teens
The signature（签名）f a parent is needed fr children（aged 13 and under）. The parent must als prvide a pht ID. Teens（aged 14 t 17）use the prcess（流程）. Hwever, teens wh already have their wn pht ID can apply withut a parent's signature.
Brrwing materials（材料）
A Library Card allws yu t brrw 25 things at mst. Yu can keep each brrwed thing fr mre than 60 days.
If things are nt returned in 60 days yu shuld pay fr them. The fine fr bks and magazines is $1.00 each per day. The fine fr CDs and DVDs is $2.00 each per day.
31. Where can yu prbably find the passage?
A. In a magazine.B. On a website.C. In a stry bk.
32. Yu dn't have t g t the library when yu want t ____________.
A. receive a CardB. brrw a magazineC. update yur infrmatin
33. If yu receive yur Library Card n July 21, 2020, when will the Card be ut-f-date?
A. On Nvember 21, 2020.B. On July 21, 2023.C. On July 21, 2024.
34. If yu are ver 17 years ld, what d yu need t apply fr a Card?
A. Yur wn pht ID.B. The Card f yur parent.C. Yur parent's signature.
35. If yu fail t return the brrwed CDs within 60 days, hw much shuld yu pay fr them every day?
A. $1.00 each.B. $2.00 each.C. $3.00 each.
【文章大意】这是一说明文，本文介绍了申请图书证的方法以及使用图书证借书所遵循的规则。
31.B【解析】推理判断题。文章主要介绍了申请图书证的方法以及使用图书证借书所遵循的规则，根据“Click here”点击此处，可知这篇文章来自某个网站。故选B。
32.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“Yu must cme t the library t receive a Card r change an expired Card yurself”，可知你必须自己到图书馆去接收图书证或更换到期的图书证，排除 A选项。根据常识，借杂志也是必须要去图书馆，排除B选项。文中并未提及必须要到图书馆更新信息，更新信息在线即可完成。故选C 。
33.C【解析】推理判断题。根据“Library Cards expire after fur years”，可知，图书证四年后到期。如果在2020年7 月21日收到了图书证，这张图书证会在2024年7月 21日到期。故选C。
34.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“The signature f a parent is needed fr children (aged 13 and under). The parent must als prvide pht ID. Teens (aged 14 t17) use the same prcess”可知，超过17岁想申请一张图书证，只需自己带照片的证件，而不需要父母的证件。故选A。
35.B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后“The fine fr CDs and DVDs is $2.00 each per day.”如果在60天以内没有归还借的CD，每天需要付2美元。故选B。
（十）【2020•四川省乐山市中考】
D yu knw 5G? It is the fifth generatin（代）f mbile netwrk technlgy. These new netwrks are cming.
China just issued cmmercial licenses（发放商用牌照）fr 5G n June 6, 2019. This means that China's telecm cmpanies will be able t ffer 5G netwrks fr mbile phne users.
Each mbile netwrk generatin is faster and mre pwerful than the ne befre it. 1G let us talk t each ther. 2G let us send messages. 3G gave us data（数据）and the Internet. And 4G made all f these things faster. What's special abut 5G?
5G has a very shrt delay between sending and receiving infrmatin. Nw, 4G takes abut 100 t 200 millisecnds（毫秒）t send and receive data. But 5G will get it dwn t 1 millisecnd r less-this is almst real-time.
'This big change will nt nly make ur mbile Internet faster，but als deeply change ur lives. Read n t find ut hw.
5G + entertainment（娱乐）
5G netwrks are abut 100 times faster than 4G. This means yu can dwnlad a mvie in secnds using 5G.
Als, virtual reality（VR）games will becme mre ppular with 5G. The shrt delay f 5G will make the games feel even mre real.
5G + transprt
5C will als bring us safer self-driving cars. These cars can send signals（信号）t each ther. They als talk t traffic lights and rad sensrs（传感器）. 5G will allw cars t react（反应）even faster than human drivers.
5G + smart hmes
5G als makes the Internet f things pssible. Internet f things is a large netwrk that cnnects everything t the Internet. Smart hmes are part f it.
Fr example, yur taster can autmatically（自动地）start making breakfast after yur alarm rings. And if its sensr feels the air becming dry, a smart sprinkler（洒水器）culd water yur plants by itself.
41. What's the writer's purpse in writing the third paragraph?
A. T explain 5G is the best f all.
B. T share his knwledge abut 5G.
C. T encurage peple t use the new netwrk technlgy.
D. T shw the develpment f mbile netwrk technlgy.
42. What des the underlined wrd “delay” in paragraph 4 mean in Chinese?
A. 卡顿B. 延时C. 暂停D. 掉线
43. Which f the fllwing ways is nt mentined that 5G will change peple's lives?
A. Health careB. Entertainment.C. Transprt.D. Smart hmes.
44. What will peple d pssibly with 5G accrding t the passage?
A. Dwnlad a mvie in minutes.
B. Put everything nt the Internet.
C. Make self-driving cars safer.
D. Make fd mre easily and faster.
45. What's the main idea f the passage?
A. 5G will change ur lives in many ways.
B. Mbile netwrks are changing fr better.
C. 5G will make the Internet f things pssible.
D. 5G netwrks fr mbile phne users are cming.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了5G网络的便捷，同时指出5G网络在娱乐，交通以及智能家庭方面给人们生活带来的改变。
41.D【解析】推理判断题。根据“Each mbile netwrk generatin is faster and mre pwerful than the ne befre it. 1G let us talk t each ther. 2G let us send messages. 3G gave us data（数据）and the Internet. And 4G made all f these things faster. What's special abut 5G”可知此处1G、2G、3G、4G以及5G，显示了手机网络的发展和变化。故选D。
42.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段“Nw, 4G takes abut 100 t 200 millisecnds t send and receive data. But 5G will get it dwn t 1 millisecnd r less —this is almst real-time.”可知4G 网络用100-200毫秒收发数据，但是5G网络用不了一毫秒就能收发信息，真的很快了。所以5G在接收发送信息只有很短的延迟。delay表示“延迟”。故选B。
43.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“This big change will nt nly make ur mbile Internet faster, but als deeply change ur lives. Read n t find ut hw”以及文中介绍5G+entertainment，5G+transprtatin，5G+smart hmes可知没有介绍5G对健康的改变，故选A。
44.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“5G netwrks are abut 100 times faster than 4G. This means yu can dwnlad a mvie in secnds using 5G.”在几秒钟就可以下载电影而不是几分钟，可知A选项表述错误。根据第二个黑色小标题第二句“These cars can send signals t each ther. They als talk t traffic lights and rad sensrs. 5G will allw cars t react even faster than human drivers”可知车辆之间可以发送信号，可以和信号灯和传感器沟通，让轿车反应更快，让驾驶变得更安全，C选项表述正确。根据“Internet f things is a large netwrk that cnnects everything t the Internet.”把每样事物连接到网络而不是把事物放到网上，可知B选项表述错误。根据“yur taster can autmatically start making breakfast after yur alarm rings”自动的做饭而不是烹饪食物更容易和更快，可知D选项表述错误。故选C。
45.A【解析】主旨大意题。文章讲解了5G网络的便捷，同时指出在娱乐，交通以及智能家庭方面给人们生活带来的改变。文章主要是介绍5G对我们生活的改变5G will change ur lives in many ways。故选A。
（十）【2020•四川省凉山州中考】
China is called the Kingdm f fans. Fans are everywhere in ur daily life. But hw much d yu knw abut them?
It is said that fans were first used t cl the air during the Shang Dynasty. At that time, they were made f feathers, bamb r silk. Sme f them were rund, while thers were square.
Flding paper fans first became ppular during the Sng Dynasty. There were usually beautiful pictures n the fans. Sme were muntains and rivers, thers were flwers and animals. Many peple, including Su Dngp, a pet f the Sng Dynasty, and Tang Bhu, a schlar f the Sng Dynasty, even painted and wrte pems n fans. This made the fans int art wrks. Many rich and imprtant peple liked hlding fans.
Tday, fans are ppular gifts. During the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, flding fans were given t leaders and fficials frm ther cuntries, as well as audience members. While they were having their fans t get cl air, they were als experiencing Chinese culture.
38. The fans were made f different materials except__________ during the Shang Dynasty.
A. paperB. bambC. silkD. feathers
39. When did flding fans first becme ppular?
A. The Shang dynasty.B. The Sng Dynasty.C. Tday.D. In 2008.
40. What culdn't peple see n fans in the Sng Dynasty?
A. MuntainsB. AnimalsC. FlwersD. Audience
41. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. Fans were first used t cl the air during the Sng dynasty.
B. Tang Bhu never wrte r painted n fans.
C. Sme fans were rund, while thers were square during the Shang Dynasty.
D. Flding fans were nly given t leaders and fficials frm China.
42. What's the best title f this passage?
A. The Develpment f FansB. The Shapes f Fans
C. When Fans Became PpularD. Hw Fans Became Art Wrks
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲了扇子在不同时期的发展、用途以及文化
38.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“At that time, they were made f feathers, bamb r silk”扇子用羽毛、竹子或者丝绸做成，A选项paper纸张不包括。故选A。
39.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Flding paper fans first became ppular during the Sng Dynasty”可知折扇在宋代变得流行。故选B。
40.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“There were usually beautiful pictures n the fans. Sme were muntains and rivers, thers were flwers and animals”可知扇子上能看到山、河流、花和动物，D选项audience观众不包括。故选D。
41.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“fans were first used t cl the air during the Shang Dynasty” 可知A选项“Sng dynasty”表述错误。根据第三段“Tang Bhu, a schlar f the Sng Dynasty, even painted and wrte pems n fans” 可知B选项“never wrte r painted” 表述错误。根据第二段“Sme f them were rund, while thers were square” 可知C选项表述正确。根据最后一段“flding fans were given t leaders and fficials frm ther cuntries, as well as audience members”可知D选项表述错误。故选C。
42.A【解析】标题概括题。文章主要讲了扇子在不同时期的发展、用途以及文化，标题可概括为The Develpment f Fans。故选A。
（十一）【2020•新疆维吾尔自治区(建设兵团)中考】
文内容,在A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个正确答案。
Beijing Opera is ne f the Chinese traditinal drama art frms and the largest Chinese pera frm. Having a histry f abut 200 years, it is develped frm many ther drama frma, mstly frm the lcal drama "Huiban". It was especially ppular in suth China during the 18th century.
Theatrical (喜剧的) art frms in many ther cuntries d nt have singing, dancing and spken parts tgether in ne single drama. An pera singer, fr example, neither dances nr speaks n stage; there are n singing r dancing parts in a mdern play; in a dance drama, the dancer desn't speak r sing. Traditinal Chinese drama, including Beijing Opera, is a kind f entertainment. It includes spken parts, singing and dancing.
Beijing Opera has spread t many ther places. Mei Lanfang, ne f the mst famus perfrmers f all, was the first t intrduce Beijing Opera t freigners and made highly successful turs t freign cuntries.
"Yu will dubt and smetimes be a little bred, but yu will be interested gradually. Yu will be strngly attracted t Beijing Opera, even if yu knw nthing abut the drama backgrund." This is hw ne traveler described his first experience in watching Beijing Opera.
Beijing Opera is China's natinal pera and it is full f Chinese cultural traditins. Welcme t China and enjy Beijing Opera!
36. Beijing Opera is________.
A. unppular in nrth ChinaB. nly develped frm the lcal drama "Huiban"
C. a much larger Chinese pera frmD. a Chinese traditinal drama art frm
37. After watching Beijing Opera fr the first time, the traveler felt________.
A. busyB. nervusC. interestedD. uneasy
38. The underlined wrd "_it" in the last paragraph means ________.
A. Beijing OperaB. lcal dramas
C. an pera singerD. a mdern play
39. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing statements is NOT true?
A. Beijing Opera is a kind f entertainment.
B. An pera singer neither dances nr speaks n stage usually.
C. Only ld peple are interested in Beijing Opera.
D. Mei Lanfang was the first ne t intrduce Beijing Opera t freigners.
40. The main purpse f writing the passage is t ________.
A. ask yung peple t learn Beijing OperaB. tell us smething abut Beijing Opera
C. shw why Beijing Opera is ppular in EurpeD. intrduce everything abut freign Opera
【文章大意】本文介绍了京剧。京剧是中国传统戏剧艺术形式之一，也是中国最大的戏曲形式。它有着近200年的历史，是在许多其他戏剧形式的基础上发展起来的。京剧，是一种娱乐。它包括说部分，唱歌和跳舞。梅兰芳是第一个把京剧介绍给外国人。
36.D【解析】细节题。根据第1段第1句“Beijing Opera is ne f the Chinese traditinal drama art frms and the largest Chinese pera frm.（京剧是中国传统戏剧艺术形式之一，也是中国最大的戏曲形式。）”可知“京剧是一种中国传统的戏剧艺术形式。”故选D。
37.C【解析】细节题。根据第4段“"Yu will dubt and smetimes be a little bred, but yu will be interested gradually. Yu will be strngly attracted t Beijing Opera, even if yu knw nthing abut the drama backgrund." This is hw ne traveler described his first experience in watching Beijing Opera.（“你会怀疑，有时会有点无聊，但你会逐渐感兴趣。即使你对京剧一无所知，你也会被京剧深深吸引。”一位旅行者这样描述他第一次看京剧的经历。）”可知“第一次看京剧后，这位旅行者很感兴趣。”故选C。
38.A【解析】词义推断题。此句“Beijing Opera is China's natinal pera and it is full f Chinese cultural traditins.”句意是：京剧是中国的民族歌剧，它充满了中国的文化传统。根据句意可知“it”指代“京剧”，故选A。
39.C【解析】细节题。根据第2段第3句“Traditinal Chinese drama, including Beijing Opera, is a kind f entertainment.（中国传统戏剧，包括京剧，是一种娱乐。）”可知A正确。根据第2段第2句中“An pera singer, fr example, neither dances nr speaks n stage;（例如，一个歌剧演员在舞台上既不跳舞也不讲话；）”可知B正确。根据第3段第2句“Mei Lanfang, ne f the mst famus perfrmers f all, was the first t intrduce Beijing Opera t freigners and made highly successful turs t freign cuntries.（梅兰芳是最著名的演员之一，他第一个把京剧介绍给外国人，并在国外进行了非常成功的巡回演出。）”可知D正确。根据第4段描述“你会怀疑，有时会有点无聊，但你会逐渐感兴趣。即使你对京剧一无所知，你也会被京剧深深吸引。”一位旅行者这样描述他第一次看京剧的经历。）”可知“第一次看京剧后，这位旅行者很感兴趣。”可知“一些外国人对京剧感兴趣，只有老年人对京剧感兴趣是错误的”，故选C。
40.B【解析】主旨题。本文主要内容：京剧是中国传统戏剧艺术形式之一，也是中国最大的戏曲形式。它有着近200年的历史，是在许多其他戏剧形式的基础上发展起来的。京剧，是一种娱乐。它包括说部分，唱歌和跳舞。梅兰芳是第一个把京剧介绍给外国人。可知“写这篇文章的主要目的是告诉我们一些京剧的事情。”故选B。
（十二）【2020•浙江省宁波市中考】
In the future, peple may travel t Mars (火星) by water-pwered spaceship! Tday's spaceships are fine fr getting things int space, but they are nt s gd at travelling lng distances. These spaceships burn chemical fuels (燃料) and they are very expensive. Scientists say that a water-pwered spaceship culd make the trip t Mars much cheaper. The idea is just in the planning stages nw, but scientists think such a spaceship culd be develped sn.
The key t the water-pwered spaceship is the engine (发动机). Regular engines push spaceships by burning fuel. The water engine will use steam, created by slar panels (太阳能板) that heat water t a high temperature. Of curse, the spaceship will have t carry a lt f water fr the lng trip t Mars.
Tday's spaceships culd nt carry that much water. But scientists think that a spaceship blwn up like a balln will be able t.
One US cmpany has already develped a spaceship like this. These spaceships are made f a strng material. Tw f them have already been sent up int space, using rckets and then later filled with air. "Balln" spaceships culd be very large and carry enugh water fr a lng trip. With the "Balln" spaceships, enugh water culd be carried t pwer the engines and grw fd during the trip. And the peple n the spaceship might even get t take a ht bath!
Scientists say the biggest advantage f such a spaceship wuld be cst. The "Balln" spaceship uses water t push it thrugh space and csts abut ne thirtieth f a nrmal spaceship. Such savings naturally encurage cntinued research int balln spaceships and water engines. If these scientists are crrect, we may sn be n ur way t Mars in a spaceship pwered by water.
32. Which sentence best describes the main idea f the passage abve?
A. The key t the water-pwered spaceship is the engine.
B. In the future, peple may travel t Mars by water-pwered spaceship.
C. One US cmpany has already develped a spaceship like this.
D. Scientists say the biggest advantage f such a spaceship wuld be cst.
33. What d yu think is mitted (省略) at the end f the underlined sentence?
A. use steamB. push spaceships
C. heat waterD. carry that much water
34. Besides grwing fd, what else might astrnauts d with the rest f the water?
A. Take a ht bath.B. Freeze dangerus things.
C. Blw up a balln.D. Change the surface f Mars.
35. On which website can we prbably read this passage?
A. www. freedictinary. cm/pwerB. www. mc. cn/music
C. www. chinadaily. cm. cn/cultureD. www. space. cm/spaceflight
【文章大意】本文介绍了水力飞船的原理和优势。
32.B【解析】主旨大意题。根据In the future, peple may travel t Mars (火星) by water-pwered spaceship，可知，本文主要介绍了在未来，人们可能会乘坐水力飞船去火星旅行，并介绍了这种飞船的原理和优势。故选B。
33.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据上一句“Tday's spaceships culd nt carry that much water.”可知现在的飞船是不能携带太多的水，而新的飞船是可以的，故划线处后面省略的是“carry that much water”。故选D。
34.A【解析】细节理解题。根据And the peple n the spaceship might even get t take a ht bath，可知，宇航员甚至可以用剩下的水来洗个热水澡。故选A。
35.D【解析】推理判断题。根据In the future, peple may travel t Mars (火星) by water-pwered spaceship，可知，本文主要讲述的是在未来，人们可能会乘坐水力飞船去火星旅行，并且下文介绍了水力飞船的原理和优势，这些是有关“宇宙飞行”的内容，所以我们可以从“宇宙飞行”的网站看到这篇文章。故选D。
（十三）【2020•浙江省台州市中考】
Living n an island might sund wnderful. But what it yu left fr a trip and fund yu culd never return? What if yur hme, and even the land it std n, was gne frever? Fr peple living in the Pacific Islands, this is really pssible.
Why? Climate（气候)change. Climate change is causing the sea t rise. That’s bad news fr the Pacific Islands. Yung peple n the islands are even starting t wnder: Will they be the last generatin(一代人)?
Nt if the islanders have anything t d abut it. These peple are deeply cnnected t their hmelands. The Pacific Islands are made up f 1l different cuntries: the Marshall Islands, Fuji, Sama, and thers. But nw, thse cuntries are wrking tgether. They're jining frces t fight climate change.
Why is climate change such a huge threat t this part f the wrld? Islands are lw elevatins(海拔). S they are amng the first places influenced by rising sea levels. That's why cuntries f the Pacific Islands are wrking tgether t d their part.
But these are small cuntries. When it cmes t climate change can they make a big difference? They can, because mst f the things that peple n islands buy are brught by ships. This is very harmful t the envirnment. After all, ships put ut almst 3 percent f the wrld's carbn emissins (碳排放), That makes climate change wrse.
Pacific Islanders realize the prblem. S, in 2019, six cuntries gt tgether: Fuji, the Marshall islands, Sama, Vanuatu, the Slmn Islands and Tuvalu, They came up with a plan. They agreed t cut carbn emissins frm shipping by 40 percent by 2030. And by 2050, they expect zer-carbn shipping.
Hw will they pull this ff? They plan t use sme really t use sme really cl carbn-free technlgies. They'll make use f slar and wind energy.
Sea levels are rising, but hpes aren't sinking in the Pacific Islands.
27. What is the bad news fr the Pacific Islands accrding t the passage?
A. Sme Pacific Island cuntries have disappeared.
B. The sea level is ging up because f climate change.
C. All the shipping t the Pacific Islands has been stpped.
D. The Pacific Islanders have nthing t d abut the climate change.
28. The underlined wrd "threat" in Paragraph 4 prbably means"_________".
A. riskB. stepC. prjectD. develpment
29. It can be inferred frm the passage that _________.
A. there will never be zer carbn emissins frm shipping
B. slar and wind energy will make climate change wrse
C. all the Pacific Islanders may leave their hmelands by 2050
D. sme Pacific Island cuntries may have hpes t make a difference
30. The passage mainly talks abut ________.
A. why ther cuntries are helping the Pacific Islanders fight climate change
B. hw sme cuntries are wrking hard t develp carbn-free technlgies
C. hw Pacific Island cuntries are wrking tgether t fight shipping pllutin
D. why Pacific Island cuntries put ut s much f the wrld's carbn emissins
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了气候变化正在导致海洋上升，这对住在太平洋岛屿的人来说是个坏消息。太平洋岛屿上的11个国家正在联手来共同应对气候变化。他们计划到2030年将航运碳排放量减少百分之40，到2050年，他们预计零碳排放量航运。
27.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中第二段“Climate change is causing the sea t rise. That’s bad news fr the Pacific Islands. ”可知，气候变化正在导致海洋上升，这对太平洋岛屿来说是个坏消息。故选B。
28.A【解析】词义猜测题。risk危险，风险；step步骤；prject计划，项目；develpment发展。根据上段“These peple are deeply cnnected t their hmelands.”可知，气候变化导致海洋上升，对生活在太平洋岛屿上的人有极大的威胁；结合后面“That's why cuntries f the Pacific Islands are wrking tgether t d their part.”可知，太平洋岛屿国家正在共同努力发挥自己的作用，来应对这种影响，所以可以猜测，划线部分单词意思应该是“危险，风险”。故选A。
29.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第六段“And by 2050, they expect zer-carbn shipping.”可知，到2050年，预计会用零碳航运，故选项A错误；根据第七段“They'll make use f slar and wind energy.”可知他们会用太阳能和风能来减少污染，故选项B错误；根据第六段“And by 2050, they expect zer-carbn shipping.”及最后一段“Sea levels are rising, but hpes aren't sinking in the Pacific Islands.”可知，到2050年，预计会用零碳航运，太平洋岛屿的希望并没有破灭，故选项C错误；根据第三段“The Pacific Islands are made up f 1l different cuntries: … thse cuntries are wrking tgether. They're jining frces t fight climate change.”结合全文可知，他们正在联手应对气候变化，并会气候产生积极影响，故选项D正确。故选D。
30.C【解析】主旨大意题。根据本文大意，主要介绍了气候变化正在导致海洋上升，太平洋岛屿上的11个国家正在联手来共同应对气候变化。他们计划到2030年将航运碳排放量减少百分之40，到2050年，他们预计零碳排放量航运。所以“太平洋岛屿国家如何共同努力消除航运污染”符合本主主旨。故选C。
（十四）【2020•浙江省温州市中考】
The balalaika, als called the "Russian guitar", is a traditinal Russian musical instrument. It has a lng neck, a wden triangle-shaped bdy and strings. It is usually used t play Russian music by plucking the strings with fingers r a pick.
Russians like the balalaika. The music played with it can be cheerful, as if the farmers were dancing happily t celebrate their harvest. It can als be energetic, as if the wrkers were wrking hard t make their cuntry richer and strnger. If a Russian mves t live r wrk abrad, he will prbably take a balalaika with him. When he feels lnely and sad, he will play it t cheer himself up.
The balalaika was riginally played by the pr in Russia. At that time, balalaikas were made by the players themselves. They were rugh, simple and cheap with different numbers f strings, frm tw t even six. Later a Russian musician Vasily Vasil'yevich Andreev (1861-1918) imprved the balalaka. He created a whle family f balalaikas f different sizes, all with three strings. The smallest balalaika is called Prima. It is 60-70cm lng. The biggest, Cntrabass, is almst 2metres high with a leg t sit n the flr. Andreev funded the first balalaika rchestra in the wrld, mainly using balalaikas t perfrm. He gave cncerts at the Universal Expsitin in Paris in 1889, which was a great success.
Tday, there are blalaika grups perfrming arund the wrld. Mre and mre peple get t knw the balalaika and are attracted by its Russian style music.
29. The balalaika is a musical instrument __________.
A. withut stringsB. with a lng neck
C. f a rund shapeD. with a metal bdy
30. The music played with a balalaika is usually__________.
A. slw and sadB. strng and serius
C. sft and mdernD. cheerful and energetic
31. Andreev is mentined in Paragraph Three t intrduce __________.
A. the success f balalaika cncertsB. the histry f balalaika rchestras
C. his talent fr playing the balalaikaD. his cntributins t the balalaika
32. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?
A. Balalaika: The "Russian Guitar" fr the Pr
B. Russia: The Hme f Famus Balalaika Musicians
C. Balalaika: A Traditinal Russian Musical Instrument
D. Russia: The Internatinal Hand-made Balalaika Factry
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了俄罗斯一种传统乐器Balalaika，讲述了它的特点以及发展历程等。
29.B【解析】细节理解题。根据It has a lng neck, a wden triangle-shaped bdy and strings.它有一个长长的脖子，一个木制的三角形的身体和弦。结合选项，可知B选项符合题意，故答案选B。
30.D【解析】细节理解题。根据The music played with it can be cheerful, ……it can als be energetic,可知，巴拉莱卡琴演奏的音乐通常是欢快而充满活力的，故答案选D。
31.D【解析】段意归纳题。通读第三段可知，本段讲述的是Andreev改进了Balalaika，他创造了一整套不同大小的Balalaika，都有三根弦。他还创立了世界上第一支巴拉莱卡管弦乐队。结合选项，可知D选项“Andreev对Balalaika的贡献”，最能概况本段，故答案选D。
32.C【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了俄罗斯的一种传统乐器Balalaika，结合选项，可知C选项符合题意，故答案选C。
（十五）【2020•浙江省温州市中考】
Tide is the regular rise and fall f the cean level caused by the mvement f the sun, the earth and the mn. It is cnsidered a prmising surce f green energy t prduce electricity in castal areas.
T make use f tidal energy, we need t build tidal pwer statins. The bays and the river muths where the tide is high (the tidal range is mre than 10 metres) are usually perfect sites t build tidal pwer statins. There are many such places in the wrld. Accrding t the IRENA (the Internatinal Renewable Energy Agency), by just using 2% f ur castlines, we can prduce 4, 383TWh f cean pwer each year, enugh t meet 16. 4% f the wrld's electricity needs.
T build a tidal pwer statin, we need t build a dam. In the dam are many turbines and n each turbine there is an electric generatr. When the tide rises, water cmes thrugh the dam, the turbines turn and the electric generatrs wrk, prducing electricity. When the tide fall, water ges ut thrugh the dam, the turbines turn again. The electric generatrs cntinue t wrk.
Tidal energy has it advantages. Using tidal energy t prduce electricity is much cheaper than using the traditinal energy, like cal r gas. Fr example, the Rance Tidal Pwer Statin in France has been there fr ver 50 years, prducing arund 540, 000TWh f electricity each year. The cst is nly 1.3 cents/TWh. Tidal energy can be used nearly 24 hurs a day. As lng as the sun, the earth and the mn exist, we can use it t prduce electricity. But withut sunshine, here is n slar energy. When there is n wind, electric generatrs will nt wrk. In additin, with the develpment f mdern technlgy, tidal energy can be stred and used t prduce electricity cntinuusly. Hwever, we still have sme prblems t slve. It is difficult t build a dam in the sea, and the cst is very high. Mrever, it's expensive t keep a tidal pwer statin in is best cnditin.
Scientists are wrking n them.
33. A tidal pwer statin is best built __________.
A. at a river muth with windB. alng the cast with waves
C. in a bay with tide high enughD. in castal areas with sunshine
34. The underlined wrd "turbine" in Paragraph There is a machine t__________.
A. make the tide rise and fallB. make an electric generatr wrk
C. let water g thrugh the damD. keep the dam in gd cnditin
35. What advantage des tidal energy have?
A. We can use it t get useful tide.B. It can imprve the cean envirnment.
C. We can use it nearly all the time.D. It meets 16. 4% f the electricity needs.
36. Hw can we make better use f tidal energy?
A. By digging mre bays and river muths.
B By building cheaper tidal pwer statins.
C. By clsing traditinal electric pwer.
D. By using tidal energy t replace ther energy.
【文章大意】本文主要向我们介绍了潮汐能，它的优势以及目前存在的问题。
33.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“The bays and the river muths where the tide is high (the tidal range is mre than 10 metres) are usually perfect sites t build tidal pwer statins.”可知，涨潮时(潮差超过10米)的海湾和河口通常是建造潮汐发电站的理想地点。故选C。
34.B【解析】推理判断题。分析第三段中“In the dam are many turbines and n each turbine there is an electric generatr. When the tide rises, water cmes thrugh the dam, the turbines turn and the electric generatrs wrk, prducing electricity. When the tide fall, water ges ut thrugh the dam, the turbines turn again.”可知，水坝里有许多涡轮机，每个涡轮机上都有一个发电机。涨潮时，水通过大坝，涡轮转动，发电机工作，产生电力。退潮时，水流通过大坝流出，涡轮再次转动。所以turbine是让发电机工作的机器。故选B。
35.C【解析】推理判断题。A：我们可以用它来获取有用的潮汐。B：它可以改善海洋环境。C：我们几乎可以随时使用它。D：满足16.4%的电力需求。根据第四段中“Using tidal energy t prduce electricity is much cheaper than using the traditinal energy, like cal r gas.”和“In additin, with the develpment f mdern technlgy, tidal energy can be stred and used t prduce electricity cntinuusly.”可知，潮汐发电的优势一是利用潮汐能发电比使用煤炭或天然气等传统能源要便宜得多；二是随着现代技术的发展，潮汐能可以被储存起来，并用于持续发电。结合选项，故选C。
36.B【解析】细节理解题。A：挖掘更多的海湾和河口。B：通过建造更便宜的潮汐发电站。C：通过关闭传统电力。D：利用潮汐能来替代其他能源。根据第二段中“T make use f tidal energy, we need t build tidal pwer statins.”可知，为了利用潮汐能，我们需要修建潮汐能电站。结合选项，故选B。
（十六）【2020•重庆市A卷中考】
When Gldie Nejat began develping rbts in 2005, she spent much f her time kncking n drs t let peple knw hw her rbts wrked but few shwed interest, "But nw, it's different," Says Nejat, "Peple calling frm arund the wrld ask when my rbts are ging t be ready." Nejať's rbts are designed t fill an increasing need: care-giving fr the ld. The ppulatin f the peple ver age 80 will be 426 millin in 2050, three times larger than that nw.
Such rbts culd be especially useful fr patients with Alzheimer's disease (老年痴呆症 ). They can help with everyday activities frm preparing fd t reminding(提醒) the patients f taking their medicine. They can als play games with patients t keep them active.
Sme have wrried that care-giving rbts might reduce (减少 ) human interactin (互动) and cause mre humans t lse their jbs. "But the aim is t supprt human care, nt t take the place f it" says Brian Scassellati. He has tested rbts with different patients, and fund that daily interactin with rbts can help children with autism spectrum disrder(自闭障碍症) imprve scial skills.
As a field grws, scientists aim t understand human-rbt relatinships better. D rbts ffer advantages because they dn't have feelings and dn't give pinins? Will patients lse interest?
"One thing is clear," Scassellati says, "Rbts can prvide care fr the custmers and the need fr that will increase in the future. "
32. Nejat's rbts are designed t________.
A. wrk in the factryB. make phne calls
C. take care f the ldD. knck n drs
33. The writer starts the passage by________.
A. telling tw striesB. cmparing tw facts
C. raising a questinD. giving an example
34. The main idea f Paragraph 3 is________.
A. what the rbts can dB. what serius prblems the rbts cause
C. what the ld peple can dD. what the ld peple think f the rbts
35. Accrding t Scassellati, we can infer that Nejat's rbts ________.
A. will have feelings snB. can take the place f humans
C. shuld be prduced mreD. wn't give their wn pinins
【文章大意】本文主要讲了Nejat的机器人从无人问津到需求量变大，说明这种照顾老年人的机器人越来越受欢迎。
32.C【解析】细节理解题。根据上文Nejať's rbts are designed t fill an increasing need: care-giving fr the ld. Nejat的机器人是为了满足日益增长的需求而设计：照顾老人，故选C。
33.B【解析】推理判断题。根据上文When Gldie Nejat began develping rbts in 2005, …Peple calling frm arund the wrld ask when my rbts are ging t be ready." 2005年，当戈迪·尼贾特开始开发机器人时，她花了很多时间上门，让人们知道她的机器人是如何工作的，但很少有人表现出兴趣，“但现在，情况不同了，”来自世界各地的人们问我的机器人什么时候准备好，可知文章开头用两个事实作比较，体现了他设计的机器人越来越满足人们的需求，故选B。
34.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段的主题句But the aim is t supprt human care, nt t take the place f it 但其目的是辅助照顾人类，而不是取代它，并举例He has tested rbts with different patients…imprve scial skills. 他用不同患者对机器人进行了测试，发现与机器人的日常互动可以帮助自闭障碍症儿童提高社交技能。可知本段主要讲机器人的主要工作，故选A。
35.C【解析】推理判断题。根据"One thing is clear," Scassellati says, "Rbts can prvide care fr the custmers and the need fr that will increase in the future. " “有一件事是清楚的，”斯卡塞拉蒂说，“机器人可以为客户提供照顾，这一需求在未来会增加。”他说，由此可推断人们对尼贾特机器人的需求会增加，因此机器人的产量也会提高，故选C。
（十七）【2020•重庆市A卷中考】
“Humans can develp certain abilities we aren't brn with by practicing animals' mvements,” the traditinal Chinese Wushu lvers believed in the past — and still d tday.
Chinese Five-Animal Exercises, als knwn as Wuqinxi, are the first cmplete set f qigng exercises fllwing the mvements f animals: mnkeys, deer (鹿), birds, bears and tigers. They were created by ne f the greatest dctrs in Chinese histry, Hua Tu, mre than 1, 800 years ag.
The Five-Animal Exercises are well-designed t help bld circulatin (循环), and let the energy g smthly in the bdy s as t imprve the health.
“The bear mvements are gd fr the stmach. The tiger mvements can reduce the pain in the back. The deer mvements help reduce the fat arund the waist (腰). The bird mvements can help keep ur knees healthy and the mnkey mvements can be gd fr the heart.” said Hua Yi, the 59th inheritr (继承人) f Wuqinxi.
Fr thse new learners, the first few exercises might nt g well. Yu may find it hard t fcus(集中注意力). Wear cmfrtable clthes, keep peaceful in yur mind, try t mve slwly... Little by little, yu'll feel mre and mre harmnius with nature. Yu may even feel yu becme a tiger r a deer, walking in the frest freely.
These exercises need n tls and they are easy t learn. Yu can search nline fr the vides and practice them at any time when yu feel like relaxing yur bdy and mind. Because it's fun t practice and gd fr health, Five-Animal Exercises are becming mre and mre ppular in recent years, nt nly in China, but als in many ther places f the wrld.
36. Peple practice Five-Animal Exercises in rder t________.
A. fight against enemiesB. prtect wild animals
C. imprve the healthD. play as a grup game
37. If yur grandfather has a pain in the back, ________may help him a lt.
A. the bear mvementsB. the mnkey mvements
C. the bird mvementsD. the tiger mvements
38. The underlined wrd "harmnius" in Paragraph 5 prbably means________.
A. 兴奋的B. 和谐的C. 敬畏的D. 肤浅的
39 The structure f the passage may be
(①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2 ③=Paragraph 3 ④=Paragraph 4 ⑤=Paragraph 5⑥=Paragraph 6)
A. B.
C. D.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了中国五禽戏的诞生、练习的好处和建议等内容。
36.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“The Five-Animal Exercises are well-designed t help bld circulatin (循环), and let the energy g smthly in the bdy s as t imprve the health.”可知练习五禽戏有助于血液循环，改善身体健康，故选C。
37.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“The tiger mvements can reduce the pain in the back.”可知老虎的动作可以减轻背部的疼痛，所以如果爷爷背疼，可以练习老虎的动作，故选D。
38.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据第五段中“Fr thse new learners, the first few exercises might nt g well. ”和“Yu may even feel yu becme a tiger r a deer, walking in the frest freely.”可知初学者在开始练习时可能不太顺利，随着练习的逐渐熟练，可能都会觉得自己变成了一只在森林里自由行走的老虎或鹿，即与自然能够和谐融洽相处，所以harmnius的意思是“和谐的”，故选B。
39.A【解析】篇章结构题。根据全文脉络可知，文章围绕五禽戏展开，第一和第二段主要介绍了五禽戏的诞生，第三段和第四段介绍了练习五禽戏的好处，最后两段就如何练习五禽戏提出了一些建议，故选A。
（十八）【2020•重庆市B卷中考】
In China, each year we prduce abut 150 millin tns f city waste accrding t a reprt. Where des the waste g? Peple usually burn r bury(埋)it. On the ther hand, we receive waste frm sme develped cuntries. We get useful materials frm it. What abut the useless part? Still burned r buried. But is it a prper way?
Waste pllutes the envirnment, harms peple's health and causes animals t die. It als gets in the way f green and sustainable develpment. We can't make mney at the cst f the envirnment. We shuld leave clean water and green muntains t ur next generatins(一代人).
China is getting really serius abut waste nw.
We are taking less waste frm develped cuntries. Frm January 2018, China started t stp 24 kinds f waste cming int ur cuntry. And mre laws and rules abut dealing with waste have been made. Anyne wh breaks the law will be punished.
China als tries t put waste int gd use. One example is the waste electricity factries. They burn waste t make electricity in a green way. N harmful gases r water will get int the envirnment.
The Chinese gvernment is encuraging peple t d waste srting(分类). Cities like Shanghai, Chngqing and Beijing have their wn srting systems. Mre will jin them sn. As President Xi Jinping said during a visit t Shanghai, waste srting is a new fashin(时尚). Mre and mre peple are frming the habit f separating their waste.
32. The writer starts the passage by _________.
A. telling striesB. cmparing numbers
C. raising questinsD. giving suggestins
33. The underlined wrd "sustainable" in Paragraph 2 means "________"in Chinese.
A. 可享受的B. 可持续的C. 可借鉴的D. 可复活的
34. Frm the passage, we knw that _________.
A. waste des harm nly t the envirnment
B. thse wh break the law may nt be punished
C. China stps getting waste frm develped cuntries
D. waste srting starts t becme ppular in China
35. The structure f the passage may be_________.
(①=Paragraph1 ②=Paragraph2 ③=Paragraph 3 ④=Paragraph4 ⑤=Paragraph 5
⑥=Paragraph 6)
A. B.
C. D.
【文章大意】本文主要讲的是垃圾污染环境，危害人们的健康，导致动物死亡，同时也阻碍了可持续发展，并列举了处理垃圾问题的三种方法：减少他国的垃圾输入及制定废物处理的法律法规；废物合理利用；垃圾分类。
32.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段出现的三个问句“Where des the waste g?... What abut the useless part? is it a prper way?”可知，本文是通过提出问题开始的，故选C。
33.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据“We shuld leave clean water and green muntains t ur next generatins(一代人).”（我们应该把青山绿水留给我们的下一代）可推断，suitable在这里的意思是“可持续的”，也就是我们经常说的“可持续发展”，故选B。
34.D【解析】细节理解题。根据“waste srting is a new fashin(时尚). Mre and mre peple are frming the habit f separating their waste.”（垃圾分类是一个新的时尚。越来越多的人养成了废物分类的习惯。）可知，垃圾分类在中国已经开始流行，故选D。
35.A【解析】文章结构题。文章最后一段才提到垃圾分类，所以C、D结构是错误的；文章第四段的“减少他国的垃圾输入及制定垃圾处理的法律法规”，第五段的“废物合理利用”以及第六段的“垃圾分类”，都属于第三段的“处理废物问题的方法”，所以排除B，故选A。
（十九）【2020•山东省德州市中考】
The pening f the Beijing—Zhangjiaku high-speed railway tk place in December, 2019. The railway is a milestne in China’s railway develpment because it has used the latest technlgies in railway building.
The railway is 174 kilmeters lng, with 10 statins. The statins are managed by ne cntrl center, which is described by China Railway Beijing Grup — als knwn as CR Bejing — as an “intelligent (智能的) brain”. The center cllects and shares the statins’ real-time infrmatin. “With the infrmatin, the wrkers in the center can cntrl the statins’ lighting and temperature, mnitr (监测) trains’ peratin and deal with emergencies(紧急情况).” said Zhu Dianping, frm CR Beiing.
Zhu said sme trains n the Bejing—Zhangjiaku line are “smart” as they prvide 5G signals and wireless charging (无线充电) fr passengers, as well as intelligent lighting. These trains can start and stp, pen and clse drs, and deal with emergencies themselves.
All the ten statins prvide e-ticket services. Travelers wh have bught tickets nline can use their ID cards instead f waiting in line fr paper tickets.
At Qinghe Railway Statin in Beijing, China’s first visual remte ticket vending machine (远程可视售票机) has been installed (安装) t help passengers wh are nt able t affrd tickets nline. Passengers keep in tuch with the cnductr thrugh the machine and buy tickets accrding t vide instructins.
In additin, the Badaling Great Wall Statin, the deepest undergrund railway statin in China, is anther great example f the cuntry’s achievements in railway building.
16. What des the wrd “milestne” mean in Chinese?
A. 英石(重量单位)B. 垫脚石C. 里程碑D. 里程表
17. The cntrl center is described as ________.
A. CR BeijingB. Railway Beijing GrupC. a railway statinD. an “intelligent brain”
18. Which is right accrding t the passage?
A. Each statin has a cntrl center.
B. All the trains can start and stp themselves.
C. All the statins have visual remte ticket vending machines.
D. The Badaling Great Wall Statin is the deepest undergrund railway statin in China.
19. E-ticket services are prvided s that travelers ________.
A. can buy cheaper ticketsB. needn’t wait in line fr paper tickets
C. can nly buy tickets nlineD. can buy paper tickets
20. What is special abut the Bejing—Zhangialu high-speed railway accrding t the passage?
A. Fast and cheap.B. Lng and deep.C. Smart and intelligent.D. Expensive and steady.
【文章大意】本文介绍了北京至张家口高速铁路，这条铁路是中国铁路发展的里程碑，因为这条铁路采用了铁路建设的最新技术。
16.C【解析】词意猜测题。根据第一段中“because it has used the latest technlgies in railway building”可知，北京至张家口高速铁路采用了铁路建设的最新技术，所以说这条铁路是中国铁路发展的一个里程碑。故选C。
17.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“The statins are managed by ne cntrl center, which is described by China Railway Beijing Grup …as an “intelligent (智能的) brain””可知，控制中心被描述为“智能大脑”。故选D。
18.D【解析】细节理解题。Each statin has a cntrl center.每个车站有一个控制中心。根据第二段中“The statins are managed by ne cntrl center”可知，所有车站只有一个控制中心，所以A项错误；All the trains can start and stp themselves.所有的火车都可以自动启动和停止。根据第三段中“Zhu said sme trains n the Bejing—Zhangjiaku line are “smart” …These trains can start and stp…”可知，在北京至张家口高速铁路上运行的一些火车可以自动启动和停止，并不是所有火车都可以，所以B项错误；All the statins have visual remte ticket vending machines.所有车站都有可视的远程售票机。根据倒数第二段中“At Qinghe Railway Statin in Beijing, China’s first visual remte ticket vending machine (远程可视售票机) has been installed…”可知，在北京的清河站安装了第一台远程可视售票机，并不是所有车站都有远程可视售票机，所以C项错误；The Badaling Great Wall Statin is the deepest undergrund railway statin in China.八达岭长城站是中国最深的地铁站。根据最后一段中“In additin, the Badaling Great Wall Statin, the deepest undergrund railway statin in China…”可知，八达岭长城站是中国最深的地铁站，所以D项正确。故选D。
19.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“All the ten statins prvide e-ticket services. Travelers wh have bught tickets nline can use their ID cards instead f waiting in line fr paper tickets.”可知，车站提供了电子票务服务以后，旅客不必排队购买纸质车票。故选B。
20.C【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The statins are managed by ne cntrl center, which is described by China Railway Beijing Grup — als knwn as CR Bejing — as an “intelligent (智能的) brain”.”、第三段中“These trains can start and stp, pen and clse drs, and deal with emergencies themselves.”、第四段中“All the ten statins prvide e-ticket services.”、第五段中“At Qinghe Railway Statin in Beijing, China’s first visual remte ticket vending machine (远程可视售票机) has been installed (安装) t help passengers wh are nt able t affrd tickets nline.”可知，这条铁路的车站控制中心被称为“智能大脑”，一些列车可以自动启停并处理紧急情况，所有车站都提供电子票务服务，清河站还安装了中国第一台远程可视售票机，这些都说明这条高速铁路智能化程度非常高，这也是这条铁路的特别之处。故选C。
（二十）【2020•山东省聊城市中考】
In Britain, Australia, Canada and a few ther English-speaking cuntries, peple dn't stp celebrating when Christmas Day is ver. They als celebrate the fllwing day, knwn as Bxing Day. It is a ppular day fr giving additinal（另外的）gifts. It has been celebrated fr s lng, but nbdy exactly knws hw it started.
Sme peple believe Bxing Day began in the Middle Ages. In thse days: in sme special places there were special cllectin bxes where peple threw mney fr the pr.
The day after Christmas the bxes were pened and the mney was cunted. Then the mney went t helping the pr in the area.
Others believe Bxing Day started abut 300 years ag when sme rich peple had Christmas feasts (盛宴). They ffered lts f fd t their guests. Because many servants (仆人）were needed t make and serve the fd, they culd nt celebrate Christmas with their families. T thank them, the rich peple wuld put fd int bxes fr their servants t take hme.
Nw Bxing Day has becme a public hliday in sme cuntries. Sme peple spend the day bxing up ld r unwanted things and dnating（捐赠）them t the pr. Many peple are active in helping service rganizatins(组织)like the Red Crss.
N matter hw Bxing Day gt its start, it's a wnderful time t dnate things r give small gifts t peple. By ding s, yu cam make smene's hliday much happier.
26. Frm the first paragraph we knw that Bxing Day ___________.
A. has a lng histryB. is befre Christmas Day
C. is celebrated in nly three cuntriesD. is the day fr buying gifts
27. In the Middle Ages peple put ____________int the bxes.
A. unwanted thingsB. fdC. ld thingsD. mney
28. What did the servants mainly d n Christmas Day?
A. They tk the fd hme.B. They had Christmas feasts.
C. They made and served the fd.D. They celebrated with their families
29. Tday Bxing Day is a time ___________.
A. t thank the rid pepleB. t make the guests happy
C. t give peple help r small giftsD. t remember the ld days
30. What's the best title(题目) fr the passage?
A. Christmas DayB. Bxing DayC. The Red CrssD. The Middle Ages
【文章大意】本文主要向我们介绍了节礼日以及它的历史和发展。
26.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“It has been celebrated fr s lng, but nbdy exactly knws hw it started.”可知，节礼日已经庆祝很久了。故选A。
27.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“In thse days: in sme special places there were special cllectin bxes where peple threw mney fr the pr.”可知，在中世纪人们把钱扔进箱子中。故选D。
28.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Because many servants (仆人）were needed t make and serve the fd”可知，圣诞节，仆人需要制作和供应食物。故选C。
29.C【解析】推理判断题。A：感谢那些摆脱困境的人；B：让客人高兴；C：给别人帮助或小礼物；D：为了记住过去的日子。根据倒数第二段内容可知，现在节礼日已经成为一些国家的公共假日，有些人把旧的或不需要的东西捐赠给穷人，很多人活跃于像红十字会一样的帮助服务性组织中。结合选项，故选C。
30.B【解析】最佳标题题。A：圣诞节；B：节礼日；C：红十字会；D：中世纪。根据文章内容可知，本文主要向我们介绍了节礼日。故选B。
（二十一）【2020 •黑龙江省哈尔滨市中考】
Mna Island is an amazing place t take a vacatin. Sme f the animals living there can’t be fund anywhere else in the wrld. There are fascinating beaches and caves t explre(探险). The sea arund the island has clrful fishes.
Mna Island is very small. The gvernment f Puert Ric(波多黎各) takes care f the island and has made it a natural reserve. That means the island’s animals and plants are prtected frm being harmed by peple. Mna Island is different frm mst places because peple are nt allwed t live there. Only a few park wrkers are able t stay.
The park wrkers’ jb is t keep Mna Island safe and wnderful. Rules must be fllwed n the island. One rule is that nly 100 peple at a time can visit the island. That way, the park wrkers can make sure the land and animals remain safe.
On the island, visitrs can g t see Mna Island iguanas(鬣蜥) which live nly n Mna Island.
Als, visitrs can cme t the island t have a clse lk at many kinds f fishes. They can dive(潜水) far belw the surface. They use special tls t be able t breathe under the water. Thrugh the clear water, visitrs can see the bright clrs f the fishes.
Visitrs can als explre caves. Sme f the caves even have paintings n the walls. These paintings were made by sme Indians wh lived n the island hundreds f years ag.
After a full day f fun activities, visitrs can take a rest, listen t the night sunds, and watch the stars in the huge sky. The stars are easier t see. Visitrs say that watching the stars is amazing. It’s the perfect end t a perfect day.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
41. The underlined(划线的) wrd “reserve” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
A. 休息区B. 保护区C. 风景区
42. Only 100 peple at a time are allwed t visit the island s that ________.
A. many park wrkers are able t stay n Mna Island
B. the park wrkers’ jb is t keep Mna Island safe and wnderful
C. the park wrkers can make sure the land and animals remain safe
43. What can visitrs d n Mna Island?
A. They can live n the island fr several days.
B. They can g t see Mna Island iguanas.
C. They can meet the Indians wh lived n the island hundreds f years ag.
44. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. Mna Island is a large island and taken care f by the gvernment.
B. Fishes can dive far belw the surface with special tls.
C. Visitrs are amazed t watch the stars in the huge sky n Mna Island.
45. What’s the best title fr the passage?
A. Mna Island — an Amazing Place t Take a Vacatin
B. Mna Island — a Gd Place t Watch Stars
C. Mna Island — the Best Place t Prtect Animals
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了度假胜地莫纳岛的美景。
41.B【解析】题意：文中画线单词“reserve”的中文意思是________。
词句猜测题。根据原文That means the island’s animals and plants are prtected frm being harmed by peple可知，莫纳岛被波多黎各政府列为自然保护区，这意味着岛上的动植物受到保护，免受人类的伤害。故“reserve”有“保护区”之意。故选B。
42.C【解析】题意：每次只允许100人参观这个岛，以便________。
细节理解题。根据原文One rule is that nly 100 peple at a time can visit the island. That way, the park wrkers can make sure the land and animals remain safe可知，每次只允许100人参观这个岛，以便工作人员可以保证莫纳岛以及岛上动物的安全。C选项the park wrkers can make sure the land and animals remain safe“公园的工作人员可以确保莫纳岛和岛上动物的安全”符合题意，故选C。
43.B【解析】题意：游客在莫纳岛能做什么？
细节理解题。根据原文On the island, visitrs can g t see Mna Island iguanas(鬣蜥) which live nly n Mna Island可知，游客可以在岛上见到此处独有的动物鬣蜥。B选项They can g t see Mna Island iguanas“他们可以去看莫纳岛的鬣蜥”符合题意，故选B。
44.C【解析】题意：根据本文内容，下列哪一项是正确的？
细节理解题。根据原文Mna Island is very small可知，A选项“莫纳岛是一个很大的岛屿，由政府管理”说法错误，可排除。根据原文Als, visitrs can cme t the island t have a clse lk at many kinds f fishes. They can dive(潜水) far belw the surface. They use special tls t be able t breathe under the water可知，游客可以借助特殊工具潜到水下较深地方，B选项“鱼可以用特殊工具潜到水面以下很远的地方”说法错误，可排除。根据原文Visitrs say that watching the stars is amazing可知，C选项“在莫纳岛上，游客们在浩瀚的天空中看到星星，感到非常神奇”说法正确，故选C。
45.A【解析】题意：本文的最佳标题是什么？
最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，介绍了度假胜地莫纳岛的美景。A选项Mna Island — an Amazing Place t Take a Vacatin“莫纳岛——度假的好去处”符合题意，故选A。
（二十二）【2020•四川省成都市中考】
This famus pem, with fur cuplets, was written by Du Fu(712-770, Tang Dynasty)when he was living and farming in Chengdu. His farming experience taught him t be thankful t nature.
The very first wrd, "gd", shws the pet's jy and lve fr the spring rain. The rain is gd because it "knws" the prper time t cme. Here the pet uses persnificatin, as if the rains were smart enugh t cme in time fr the farmer's busy seasn.
When the rain cmes, it appears during the night withut making any nise. Unlike the summer strms, the spring rain finishes its task withut being knwn.
In the third cuplet, the pet describes a peaceful scene t us. In the night sky, the cluds lk dark and heavy. It's a sign that there will be enugh rain during the night. The light frm the riverbat makes the dark scene a bit livelier.
Lastly, the pet starts t imagine. Tmrrw mrning, he thinks, the city f Chengdu will be-cme beautiful when all f the flwers blm(盛开)after the rain.
36. What's the Chinese title f the pem Happy Rain n a Spring Night?
A. 《春望》B. 《春夜喜雨》C. 《夜雨寄北》
37. Which f the fllwing rhymes are right fr this pem?
A. aa-bb-cc-ddB. ab-ab-cd-cdC. ab-cd-ab-cd
38. Which wrd can be used t describe the rain in this pem?
A. Busy.B. Dark.C. Quiet.
39. Which f the fllwing uses persnificatin?
A. With wind it steals in night.
B. It will fall when cmes spring.
C. The twn's heavy with blms(blming flwers).
40. What des Du Fu want t shw in this pem?
A. He's thankful t nature.
B. He lves and enjys farming.
C. He expects the flwers t blm.
【文章大意】本文介绍了《春夜喜雨》这首诗的作者以及对这首诗的解析。
36.B【解析】推理判断题。根据“The very first wrd, "gd", shws the pet's jy and lve fr the spring rain.”可知，这首诗表达了诗人对春雨的喜悦和热爱，因此这首诗的题目是《春夜喜雨》。故选B。
37.B【解析】推理判断题。根据“right，spring，night，thing，spreads，lms，reds，blms”可知，这首诗的押韵为ab-ab-cd-cd，故选B。
38.C【解析】推理判断题。根据 “Unlike the summer strms, the spring rain finishes its task withut being knwn.”可知，诗中介绍春雨是安静的。故选C。
39.A【解析】推理判断题。根据“With wind it steals in night;”表示 “随风潜入夜”，因此诗人使用了人格化的手法，故选A。
40.A【解析】推理判断题。根据“His farming experience taught him t be thankful t nature.”可知，这首诗中杜甫表达了对大自然的感激。故选A。
【2019年】
2019年中考真题英语分项汇编
（一）【2019 • 湖北省咸宁市】
The year 2022 will be a big year fr sprts in China. That’s because it will hld nt nly the 24th Winter Olympics in Beijing, but als the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhu.
On Aug, 6th, 2018, the fficial emblem(会徽) fr the HangZhu Asian Games was released(发布). The city wn the hsting rights fr the 2022 Asian Games in 2015. It will be the third Chinese city t hst the Asian Games after Beijing and Guangzhu in 1990 and 2010.
First held in 1951, the Asian Games is the largest multi-sprt event in Asia. It als means a lt t China. The Beijing Asian Games was the first large internatinal sprts event t be hsted by China, China News Service reprted.
T make the Games a great success, Chinese peple wrked hard t prepare. Beijing built a great number f rads and gyms, including the famus Beijing Olympic Sprts Center and Asian Games Village. The Games helped the wrld see China and its achievements. Since then, China has imprved its glbal image(国际形象), China Yuth Daily reprted. Fr the 2022 Asian Games, Hangzhu has already started building 33 sprts venues(场馆), accrding t China Yuth Daily. The themes f the Hangzhu Asian Games are ＂green, smart, ecnmical(节俭) and civilized＂. All the Games’s buildings will be envirnmentally friendly.
1. Which city will hst the 2022 Asian Games?
A. Hangzhu.B. Guangzhu.C. Shanghai.D. Beijing.
2. What des the underlined wrd ＂themes＂ mean in the last paragraph?
A. 意义B. 主题C. 内涵D. 标题
3. Accrding t the passage, hw did the Beijing Asian Games influence China?
A. It imprved China’s ecnmy(经济).
B. It helped China attract mre turists.
C. Guangzhu built a lt f rads and gyms.
D. It helped the wrld see China and its achievements.
4. Which f the fllwing is NOT TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. The first Asian Games was held in 1951.
B. Beijing will hld the 24th Winter Olympics in 2022.
C. China has already hsted the Asian Games three times.
D. All the 19th Asian Games’ buildings will be envirnmentally friendly.
5. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Hw t prepare fr the Asian Games.
B. The develpment f the Asian Games in China.
C. Why China wants t hst the 19th Asian Games.
D. Hw the 19th Asian Games emblem was designed.
【文章大意】本文介绍了亚运会在中国的发展。亚运会于1951年首次举行，是亚洲最大的多运动项目。北京亚运会是中国主办的第一个大型国际体育赛事。2018年8月6日，杭州亚运会会徽发布，2015年获得2022年亚运会主办权。这将是继1990年和2010年北京和广州之后第三个举办亚运会的中国城市。2022年将是中国体育运动的重要一年。这是因为它不仅将在北京举办第24届冬奥会，还将在杭州举办第19届亚运会。杭州亚运会的主题是＂绿色、智能、经济、文明＂。所有奥运会的建筑都将是环保的。
1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据That’s because it will hld nt nly the 24th Winter Olympics in Beijing, but als the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhu. 这是因为它不仅将在北京举办第24届冬奥会，还将在杭州举办第19届亚运会。和句子The city wn the hsting rights fr the 2022 Asian Games in 2015. 2015年获得2022年亚运会主办权。可知，杭州将主办2022年亚运会。故选A。
2. B【解析】词义猜测题。句子The themes f the Hangzhu Asian Games are ＂green, smart, ecnmical(节俭) and civilized＂. 杭州亚运会的主题是＂绿色、智能、经济、文明＂。根据＂green, smart, ecnmical(节俭) and civilized＂.可知，＂绿色、智能、经济、文明＂是杭州亚运会的主题。故选B。
3. D【解析】细节理解题。题干的意思是：根据文章，北京亚运会对中国有何影响？根据The Games helped the wrld see China and its achievements. 奥运会帮助世界了解中国及其成就。故选D。
4. C【解析】细节理解题。题干的意思是：根据文章，下列哪项不正确？根据First held in 1951, the Asian Games is the largest multi—sprt event in Asia.可知，第一届亚运会于1951年举行。因此选项A正确；由句子The year 2022 will be a big year fr sprts in China. That’s because it will hld nt nly the 24th Winter Olympics in Beijing, 2022年将是中国体育运动的重要一年。这是因为它不仅将在北京举办第24届冬奥会。可知，北京将于2022年举办第24届冬奥会。故选项B正确；根据It will be the third Chinese city t hst the Asian Games after Beijing and Guangzhu in 1990 and 2010. 这将是继1990年和2010年北京和广州之后第三个举办亚运会的中国城市。可知，中国已经举办了两届亚运会。但是第三届将在2022年在杭州举行。所以选项C不正确；根据All the Games’ buildings will be envirnmentally friendly. 可知，所有奥运会的建筑都将是环保的。因此选项D正确。因此不正确的是选项C。
5. B【解析】主旨大意题。根据The year 2022 will be a big year fr sprts in China. 2022年将是中国体育运动的重要一年。以及句子First held in 1951, the Asian Games is the largest multi—sprt event in Asia. 亚运会于1951年首次举行，是亚洲最大的多运动项目。还有句子The themes f the Hangzhu Asian Games are ＂green, smart, ecnmical(节俭) and civilized＂. All the Games’s buildings will be envirnmentally friendly. 杭州亚运会的主题是＂绿色、智能、经济、文明＂。所有奥运会的建筑都将是环保的。可知，本文主要介绍了亚运会在中国的发展。故选B。
【点睛】
词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，所猜测词汇可以是生词，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是人称代词的指代内容。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：(1)利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 (2)利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 (3)利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。这些逻辑关系往往通过一些相应的词或短语表达出来，如but, r, hwever, s, because等。(4)利用构词法知识答题。熟记一些前缀、后缀所表达的意思，不仅可以扩大词汇量，而且帮助我们猜测词义。第2小题的词义猜测题就是利用第1种解题方法。
（二）【2019 • 湖北省宜昌市】
Sre necks are very cmmn these days. Hw t avid a sre neck? Here are the things yu shuld knw.
●Take precautins(预防措施) after an unusual activity. Many peple reprt having a pain in their necks after ding smething that they dn’t ften d, such as a new exercise r packing and mving.
lf yu knw yu’ve dne smething that puts yu a risk, massage(按摩) yur neck, d it with different exercises and take a warm bath befre bed.
●Make sure yur wrkstatin is crrect. If yu wrk lng hurs at a desk yu may want t make sure that yur wrk envirnment is set up t be the mst relaxing. Make sure that yur bdy is being treated right.
Keep yur feet n the flr. This will ften depend n hw high yur chair is, s adjust(调整) it in time t achieve gd results.
●Change yur psture ften. Sitting in ne psitin fr lng perids f time is nr healthy. Sit with yur back straight fr mst f the rime. Take a 5-minute break if yu can and walk arund every hur.
●Exercise. Find smething — swimming, running r climbing — that makes yu excited and feel alive. Make it int a usual way. Yur bdy will feel better and yur mind will feel mre relaxed.
6. In Paragraph 5, the underlined wrd ＂it＂refers t(指) .
A. the deskB. the chairC. yur neckD. yur bdy
7. The underlined wrd ＂psture＂ in Paragraph 6 prbably means ＂ ＂ in Chinese.
A. 姿势B. 方向C. 方式D. 状态
8. can avid a sre back accrding t the passage.
A. Making yur wrk envirnment be quiet
B. Sitting with back straight fr a mment
C. Packing and mving fr a lng time
D. Exercising ften like swimming r running
9. After ding smething unusual, yu may d the fllwing things except .
A. ding it with different exercisesB. massaging yur neck
C. taking a warm bath befre bedD. lking at yur phne fr t lng
10. This passage mainly tells us .
A. hw t d exercise wellB. exercising ften is gd fr peple
C. hw t avid a sre neckD. being healthy is the mst imprtant
【文章大意】本文是科普文，从四个方面介绍了如何避免颈部疼痛的方法。
6. B【解析】题意：在第5段，划线的＂it＂一词指的是 。考查词义理解。根据上文This will ften depend n hw high yur chair is和下文t achieve gd results可知要及时调整椅子的高度，it是指椅子the chair，故选B。
7. A【解析】题意：第6段下划线的＂psture＂一词在汉语中可能是＂ ＂的意思。考查词义理解。change改变，根据下文解释Sitting in ne psitin fr lng perids f time is nt healthy.可知需要改变姿势，故选A。
8. D【解析】题意：根据这篇文章，经常锻炼，如游泳或跑步可以避免背部疼痛。考查细节判断。A. 让你的工作环境保持安静；根据If yu wrk lng hurs at a desk yu may want t make sure that yur wrk envirnment is set up t be the mst relaxing.可知说法错误。B.背部挺直坐一会儿；根据Take a 5-minute break if yu can and walk arund every hur.可知说法错误。C. 长时间的打包和搬家；根据Many peple reprt having a pain in their necks after ding smething that they dn’t ften d, such as a new exercise r packing and mving.可知说法错误。D. 经常运动，如游泳或跑步；根据第四点建议Find smething — swimming, running r climbing - that makes yu excited and feel alive.可知说法正确。综合以上分析，所以选D。
9. D【解析】题意：在做了一些不常做的事情之后，除了 ，你可以做以下的事情。考查细节判断。A. 做不同的运动；B. 按摩你的脖子；C. 睡前洗个热水澡；D. 长时间看手机。根据lf yu knw yu’ve dne smething that puts yu a risk, massage yur neck , d it with different exercises and take a warm bath befre bed.可知A、B、C三项都有助于避免颈部疼痛，故选D。
10. C【解析】题意：这篇短文主要告诉我们如何避免颈部疼痛。考查主旨理解。A. 如何做好运动；B. 经常锻炼对人们有好处；C. 如何避免颈部疼痛；D. 健康是最重要的。根据Hw t avid a sre neck? Here are the things yu shuld knw.可知，介绍的是如何避免颈部疼痛的建议，故选C。
【点睛】
阅读理解是最能体现学生英语能力的题型，分值较高，如何通过解题方法的掌握来提升自己解答阅读理解题的技巧是学生最关心的问题。初中阅读理解一般考查学生的细节理解能力，主旨理解能力和推理判断能力。做阅读理解题，首先要准确理解题意，然后根据题意根据短文内容做出正确的答案。（1）考查细节理解能力，此类型题较简单，准确理解题意后，直接到文中找出答案。（2）考查猜词能力。做这种题型时，要根据上下文意思准确猜出词意。例如小题1，问加下划线的it指什么?根据上文This will ften depend n hw high yur chair is和下文t achieve gd results可知要及时调整椅子的高度，it指的是椅子the chair，故选B。（3）考查推理判断能力，此类题型较难，准确理解题意后，在文中找出相关的内容做出合理的推断。（4）考查主旨理解题。此类题型需通读全文，整体把握，根据文本主要内容选择合适的选项。
（三）【2019 • 新疆维吾尔族自治区】
What des Beijing’s Palace Museum lk like at night? Many peple dn’t knw the answer t this questin, as it clses at arund 4:30 p. m. in winter and 5:00 p. m. in summer. Hwever, t celebrate the Lantern Festival, Beijing’s Palace Museum pened its dr t the public after dark — fr tw nights nly. That’s a first in 94 years! Althugh peple culd get free tickets n the museum’s website, it was difficult t get a ticket. The website even stpped wrking fr a while because t many peple visited it at the same time. Zhang Zhifu, a 77-year-ld wman, received a ticket frm the museum as a gift.＂I grew up in Beijing and I visited the Palace Museum every year, but I never gt t see it at night. It is truly an hnr.＂ She said.
In the past celebrating the Lantern Festival was a traditin fr the imperial(皇帝的) family. ＂We want t pass the traditin n and give peple mre festival experience.＂ Said Shan Jixing, the head f the Palace Museum. On the night f February 19th, 2019, abut 3,000 visitrs spent the Lantern Festival in the Palace Museum.
11. Beijing’s Palace Museum clses at arund 4:30 p.m. in .
A. springB. summerC. autumnD. winter
12. T celebrate the Lantern Festival. Beijing’s Palace Museum pened after dark fr nly.
A. ne nightB. tw nightsC. three nightsD. fur nights
13. The museum’s website even stpped wrking fr a while because .
A. t many peple visited it at the same time
B. there weren’t enugh tickets
C. the Palace Museum was t crwded
D. n bdy wanted t see the Palace Museum at night
14. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE?
A. Nbdy received a ticket as a gift.
B. The Palace Museum never pened after dark.
C. Zhang Zhifu grew up in Beijing.
D. N visitrs went t the Palace Museum in 2019.
15. It is n February 19th, 2019.
A. Natinal Day
B. the Lantern Festival
C. the Dragn Bat Festival
D. Mid-Autumn Festival
【文章大意】这篇短文主要介绍了晚上北京博物馆的样子。
11. D【解析】细节理解题。文中第一段中的＂as it clses at arund 4:30p.m in the winter＂可知北京故宫博物馆在冬天时是 4：30 关门的。故选D。
12. B【解析】细节理解题。文中第一段中的＂Beijing’s Palace Museum pened its dr t the public after dark—fr tw nights nly.＂可知北京故宫博物馆在晚上对大众开放两晚。故选B。
13. A【解析】细节理解题。文中第二段中的＂The website even stpped wrking fr a while because t many peple visited it at the same time.＂可知网站停止工作是因为同一时间有太多 人访问。B、C 项文中没有提及，D 选项是错误，由文中第二段＂it was difficult t get a ticket.＂可知，想要的得到票的人要多，导致一票难求。故选A。
14. C【解析】细节理解题。文中第二段中的＂I grew up in Beijing and I visited the Palace Museum every year.＂可知这位老人是在北京长大的，C 选项正确。A 项错误，由第二段 Zhang Zhifu, a 77-year-ld wman, received a ticket frm the museum as a gift.可知，张芝傅是就收到了票。B 项错误，第一段就说明博物馆夜间向大众开放了两晚，这是 九十四年来的第一次。选项错误，与文中最后一句句意相反＂On the night f February 19th,2019, abut 3,000 visitrs spent the Lantern Festival in the Palace Museum.＂在 2019 年 2 月 19 日的晚上，有大约 3000 人参观博物馆。故选C。
15. B【解析】细节理解题。文中最后一句＂On the night f February 19th,2019, abut 3,000 visitrs spent the Lantern Festival in the Palace Museum.＂可知 2019 年 2 月 19 日 3000 人在博物馆一起度过了 the Lantern Festival（元宵节）。故选B。
（四）【2019 • 广东省广州市】
While the start f a new schl year is always exciting, this year was even mre s fr sme students at White Clud Primary Schl. They became the wrld’s first kids t be taught by an electrnic teacher. This electrnic teacher is nt a human-like rbt walking arund the classrm. Instead, he is a cmputer-created head that appears, when needed, n students cmputer r phne screens. His name is Bill.
Created by technlgy cmpany Smart Machines, Bill is able t shw human-like behavir. He is designed t teach a special prgram abut envirnmental-friendly pwer created by the sun and wind. This prgram, started in 2005, used t be taught by human teachers.
Just like human teachers, Bill is able t immediately respnd t the students’ questins and pinins abut the tpic. Thanks t cmputer cameras, he is als able t see and react t students physical actins. Fr example, if a student smiles at Bill, he respnds by smiling back. This tw-way exchange helps get the students’ attentin. Mre imprtantly, it allws the prgram develpers t imprve Bills behavir and knwledge base when needed.
The prgram has been a great success, accrding t Smart Machines spkesman Rbert Frst Frst says, ＂What is interesting t me is the children’s reactin t Bill. He really captures their attentin.＂ Frst thinks kids dn’t find the experience f being taught by smart machines as strange as lder peple because they have grwn up in a time f cmputers and smart phnes.
It is dubtful, hwever, that human educatrs will lse their jbs t Bill any time sn. Fr ne, his talking head’s knwledge base is nt large. Mre imprtantly, even the smartest cmputer prgrams can’t guess and react t all the unexpected situatins that educatrs face daily. Bill’s future might be as a ＂persnal tutr＂, prviding kids with ne-n-ne help fr different subjects and tpics.
16. What is Bill?
A. A human-like rbt.
B. A kind f cmputer game.
C. A cmputer recrding tl.
D. A cmputer-created talking head.
17. Hw des the tw-way exchange help the prgram develpers?
A. It lets them crrect students’ mistakes.
B. It allws Bill t respnd mre quickly.
C. It helps them knw hw t imprve Bill.
D. It helps them study students’ bdy language.
18. The underlined wrd ＂they＂ in Paragraph 4 refers t
A. Kids.
B. Older peple.
C. Smart machines.
D. Prgram develpers.
19. What is Bill NOT gd at ding?
A. Attracting students’ attentin.
B. Understanding bdy language.
C. Respnding t students’ questins.
D. Dealing with unexpected situatins.
20. Hw might Bill be used in the future accrding t the last paragraph?
A. T wrk as human classrm teachers.
B. T encurage students’ interest in cmputers.
C. T give students persnal help with different subjects.
D. T watch ver the behavir f the students in the classrm.
【文章大意】这篇短文讲述的是在新的学年里，白云小学的学生将会成为世界上第一批有电子教师授课的孩子。这个电子老师不是机器人，而是一个电脑制作的脑袋，当学生需要时，它就会出现在电脑或手机的屏幕上，他的名字叫Bill。他能回应学生们的肢体动作，和学生交流，很受学生们的欢迎。但他也有缺点。
16. D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第一段中Instead, he is a cmputer-created head that appears, when needed, n students cmputer r phne screens. His name is Bill可知，Bill是一个由电脑产生，并出现在学生的电脑或手机屏幕的头像。由此可知应选D。
17. C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第三段的最后一句话Mre imprtantly, it allws the prgram develpers t imprve Bills behavir and knwledge base when needed可知，这种双向交流的方式有助于程序开发者去做进一步的改进。故应选C。
18. A【解析】词义猜测题。根据短文第四段Frst thinks kids dn’t find the experience f being taught by smart machines as strange as lder peple because they have grwn up in a time f cmputers and smart phnes可知，they指代前面出现的kids，孩子们，意为＂孩子们是在电脑和智能手机的时代长大的＂。故应选A。
19. D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第五段Mre imprtantly, even the smartest cmputer prgrams can’t guess and react t all the unexpected situatins that educatrs face daily.可知，最聪明的电脑程序也不能应对突发状况。由此可知应选D。
20. C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文最后一段Bill’s future might be as a ＂persnal tutr＂, prviding kids with ne-n-ne help fr different subjects and tpics.可知，Bill将来可能被用作一个＂私人导师＂，一对一地帮助孩子们的各个科目。由此可知应选C。
（五）【2019 • 黑龙江省大庆市】
Shenzhen, Jan 1st, 2018—Shenzhen has becme the wrld’s first city t make abut 16,359, run n electricity(电；电能）. 12,518 taxis in the city are electric nes. "We will replace（替换）the rest f the taxis with electric nes by 2020," said Mr. Chen frm the gvernment.
"I have been a driver fr twenty years," said Mr. Zhang, a driver wh started t drive electric buses a mnth ag. "We had a lt f training and passed strict exams befre we were allwed t drive the electric buses."
The city has built 8,000 charging ples（充电桩）and 501 bus charging statins. "A bus can be fully charged in tw hurs and the charging ples can serve 300 buses a day at ur statin. Since the replacement, the bus statin has becme quiet." said Mr. Guan, the manager f Qinghu Bus Statin.
The use f electric buses and electric taxis plays an imprtant rle in making air fresher. In a year, the electric buses use 72.9 % less energy than the traditinal nes. The electric taxis will save the energy f 119,000 tns f standard cal.
Shenzhen was ne f the first 13 cities t take part in the Natinal New-Energy Vehicle Prgram. In 2017, the city spent 3.3 billin yuan n electric buses and the charging equipment（设备）. The city als encurages peple t bus new-energy cars r electric cars by spending less mney.
21. Hw many electric taxis were there in Shenzhen in January, 2018?
A. 8,000.B. 12,518.C. 16,359.D. 11,900.
22. T drive an electric bus, a driver shuld _________.
A. have at least 20 years’ driving experience
B. charge the electric bus every day
C. take part in the Natinal New-Energy Vehicle Prgram
D. have a lt f training and pass strict exams
23. What is the influence f the replacement accrding t Mr. Guan?
A. 200 buses can be charged a day.
B. It causes air t be wrse.
C. The bus statin has becme quiet.
D. Peple will pay mre if they buy e-cars.
24. The city encurages peple t _________.
A. buy new-energy cars r electric cars by spending less mney
B. spending mre mney in buying new cars
C. use traditinal cars as lng as pssible
D. avid driving electric buses
25. The passage is mst prbably taken frm _________.
A. a textbkB. a diaryC. a stry bkD. a news reprt
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了深圳市参加了全国新能源汽车计划，把大量的公车和出租车换成了电动汽车，电动公共汽车和电动出租车的使用在空气清新方面起着重要作用。并说明了目前的情况及其影响。
21. B【解析】细节理解题。根据短文开头的句子Shenzhen, Jan 1st, 2018—Shenzhen has becme the wrld’s first city t make abut 16,359, run n electricity(电；电能）. 12,518 taxis in the city are electric nes. 可知，2018年1月在深圳有12518辆出租车是电动的。故答案选B。
22. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子＂We had a lt f training and passed strict exams befre we were allwed t drive the electric buses.＂可知，驾驶电动公共汽车，司机应该经过大量的培训，并通过严格的考试。故答案为D。
23. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子＂Since the replacement, the bus statin has becme quiet." said Mr. Guan, the manager f Qinghu Bus Statin.＂可知，更换电动公共汽车后，汽车站变得安静多了，故答案为C。
24. A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文最后一句＂The city als encurages peple t bus new-energy cars r electric cars by spending less mney.＂ 该市还鼓励人们少花钱购买新能源汽车或电动汽车。故答案为A。
25. D【解析】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了深圳将公交车和出租车置换为电动车的举措和意义。由此判断这篇文章出自新闻报道，故答案为D。
（六）【2019 • 湖北省黄石市】
Earlier this year, China achieved a new milestne（里程碑） in space explratin. On Jan 3, Chang’e 4 became the first space prbe（探测器） in histry t successfully land n the far side (dark side) f the mn. After a 26-day jurney, it tuched sftly dwn n a crater. The whle prcess f landing lasted 12 minutes, which pened a new page in histry f mankind’s space explratin.
The far side f the mn is the side that we can nt see. We dn’t knw much abut it. This landing is f great imprtance. The far side f the mn is an ideal(理想的) place fr scientific research. It may have unique minerals(矿物质) and ther resurces. Scientists can make clearer bservatins f deep space frm there.
Chang’e 4 has sent back phts f the far side f the mn. It is als being used t carry ut experiments. The data(数据) cllected frm these experiments culd be used t help us build a base n the mn in the future. The success f the Chang’e 4 missin(任务) is a majr achievement fr China’s space prgram.
China launched its lunar(月球的) explratin prgram in 2004, naming it Chang’e. Chinese scientists set three gals—＂rbiting(环绕运行) , landing and sample(样本) returning＂. Chang’e 4 has realized the secnd gal. The third will be achieved during the Chang’e 5 missin, which is set t take place befre the end f this year.
Fllwing the success f the Chang’e missins, Chinese scientists are lking even farther int ur slar system(太阳系) . China’s first Mars missin is expected t be carried ut by 2020.
26. Chang’e 4 is the first space prbe in the wrld t land __________.
A. in deep spaceB. n the mn
C. n the near side f the mnD. n the far side f the mn
27. What’s the mst imprtant abut the landing place?
A. It’s far frm the earth.B. It has many resurces.
C. It’s ideal fr scientific research.D. It’s dark and unknwn.
28. The underlined wrd ＂bservatins＂ in paragraph 2 means __________.
A. 学习B. 观察C. 描述D. 庆祝
29. Which f the fllwing is the secnd gal f China’s lunar explratin grgram?
A. Landing n the mn.B. Bring sme samples back t the earth.
C. Building a base n the mn.D. Travelling arund the mn.
30. What can be the best title f the passage?
A. The Space Prbe.B. Explring the Mn.
C. The Three Gals.D. Explring the Mars.
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述嫦娥四号成为历史上第一个登录月球背面的重要事件，标志着我国深空探索进入了新的阶段，随着嫦娥任务的成功，科学家正在进一步探索我们的太阳系，中国第一个火星任务将在2020年完成。
26. D【解析】细节理解题。根据On Jan 3, Chang’e 4 became the first space prbe（探测器） in histry t successfully land n the far side (dark side) f the mn可知，嫦娥四号是世界上第一个登录到月球背面的探测器，故选D。
27. C【解析】细节理解题。根据This landing is f great imprtance. The far side f the mn is an ideal (理想的) place fr scientific research可知，它是科学研究的理想场所，故选C。
28. B【解析】词义猜测题。根据It may have unique minerals (矿物质) and ther resurces. Scientists can make clearer bservatins f deep space frm there可知，它可能有独特的矿物质和其他的资源，而且科学家能够对深空进行更清晰的观察，所以bservatin的意思为观察，故选B。
29. A【解析】细节理解题。根据Chinese scientists set three gals—＂rbiting (环绕运行 ) , landing and sample (样本 ) returning＂可知，中国科学家制定了三个目标：环绕运行、登录和采集样本返回三个阶段，所以第二阶段是登录月球，故选A。
30. B【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文可知，本文主要讲述嫦娥四号登录到月球背面这一重大事件，并且讲述月球探险项目的目标以及此次事件的意义。都是围绕探险月球展开的，故选B。
【点睛】
解答词义猜测题时，可以使用如下技巧：1、根据上下文来猜测词义；2、通过同义词或近义词来猜测词义；3、通过构词法来猜测词义；4、通过定义或释义来猜测词义；5、通过句法功能来猜测词义；6、通过转折和因果关系来猜测词义；7. 通过生活常识来猜测词义。对于这类题采取＂代入法＂也非常有效，即将备选答案逐一代入文中，哪一个选项能使句子的意思通顺、连贯，且与上下文的内容一致，哪一个选项就是该题的正确答案。例如第3题。
（七）【2019 • 广西省北部湾经济区】
Are yu afraid f ging t the dentist(牙医)? If s, yu’re nt alne.
These fears culd just be in ur heads, hwever. Accrding t a recent survey by Martin Tickle, a prfessr at Manchester University in the UK, the pain isn’t felt mst f the time in dental surgeries(牙科手术). In fact, amng the 451 interviewed patients, 75％ reprted n pain at all during their visits, including situatins when they had their teeth pulled ut.
Culd it be the sund f the drill(钻头) then?
＂I fund that the sund f drilling can evke deep wrry in dental patients. Actually they dn’t have any pain. " Hiryuki Karibe, a scientist at Nippn Dental University in Tky, tld the Guardian.
T find the reasn why a drill might bring n a racing heart, Karibe divided the vlunteers int lw-fear and high-fear grups based n hw much they feared a trip t the dentist. Vlunteers were played the sund f a drill while their brain activities were watched by a machine.
What Karibe fund in the lw-fear grup was increased activity in the areas f the brain relative t auditry prcessing(听觉处理), which means, fr these peple, the sund f dental drills is n different frm ther sunds
In the high-fear grup, hwever, the brain area that was activated(激活)was different. It was the area that carries ut a number f duties, including learning, feelings and, mst imprtantly, memry. This means that these vlunteers nt nly heard the sund, but they remembered it-they made cnnectins between the sund f a drill and the wrry it prduced in the past, causing their wrry t return.
Understanding hw brains reply t the sunds f dentists ‘ drills culd help scientists find ways t make patients mre relaxed, accrding t Karibe, because patients wh wrry abut ging t the dentist might keep putting ff their visits. But the best way is t keep yur teeth healthy.
31. Hw des the writer explain that the pain isn’t felt mst f the time in dental surgeries?
A. By shwing facts with numbers.B. By asking questins ne by ne.
C. By giving examples grup by grup. D. By cmparing results f patients.
32. Accrding t the furth paragraph, what des the wrd "evke＂ mean in Chinese?
A. 减轻B. 引起C. 显示D. 阻止
33. Hw did the sund f drilling prduce different results t the vlunteers in the study?
A. It prduced sme wrry in the vlunteers in the lw-fear grup
B. Fr the lw-fear grup, it activated the brain area dealing with learning, feelings and memry
C. Fr the high-fear grup, it caused mre activities in the brain area relative t auditry prcessing.
D. It made peple in the high-fear grup remember their past uncmfrtable memries.
34. What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. Hw the study might be useful.
B. Sme new ways t treat teeth
C. The prper way t treat dental patients.
D. The imprtance f keeping ur teeth healthy.
35. What’s the purpse f the passage?
A. T shw us different areas f fear in brains.
B. T intrduce us a recent survey by a scientist.
C. T help us have less fear f a trip t the dentist.
D. T make it clear that the sund f drilling is nt terrible.
【文章大意】你害怕去看牙医吗？英国曼彻斯特大学(Manchester University)教授马丁•蒂克尔(Martin Tickle)最近进行的一项调查显示，在牙科手术中，大部分时间都感觉不到疼痛。东京日本牙科大学的科学家Hiryuki Karibe告诉《卫报》，他发现钻孔的声音能引起牙科病人深深的担忧，事实上他们没有任何疼痛。为了找出钻牙可能导致心跳加速的原因，Karibe根据志愿者对牙医的恐惧程度将他们分为低恐惧组和高恐惧组来进行试验，Karibe说，了解大脑是如何对牙医的牙钻声做出反应的，可以帮助科学家找到让病人更放松的方法。
31. A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中的信息In fact. amng the 451 interviewed patients，75％ reprted n pain at all during their visits, including situatins when they had their teeth pulled ut.可知，作者在解释牙科手术中，疼痛并不是大多数时候都能感觉到的，是用数字来说明事实的，故答案选A。
32. B【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文Actually they dn’t have any pain.事实上他们没有任何疼痛，结合本句I fund that the sund f drilling can evke deep wrry in dental patients.我发现钻孔的声音能…牙科病人深深的担忧。可知事实上他们没有任何疼痛，但钻孔的声音能引起牙科病人深深的担忧，所以此处表达的是＂引起＂，故答案选B。
33. D【解析】细节理解题。根据文中的信息In the high-fear grup，…they made cnnectins between the sund f a drill and the wrry it prduced in the past, causing their wrry t return.可知，在高恐惧组中，人们会想起他们过去不舒服的记忆，故答案选D。
34. A【解析】段意归纳题。根据Understanding hw brains reply t the sunds f dentists ‘ drills culd help scientists find ways t make patients mre relaxed,可知，本段主要讲述的是这项研究可能会有多大的用处，故答案选A。
35. B【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了科学家最近所做的试验，研究大脑是如何对牙医的牙钻声做出反应的，结合选项可知B选项＂给我们介绍科学家最近做的一项调查研究。＂符合题意，故答案选B。
（八）【2019 • 山东省聊城市】
I cme frm Cambridge, a beautiful city in the east f England. It is n the River Cam and has a ppulatin f abut 120, 000. My hme twn is especially famus fr its university. Many famus peple studied here, such as Isaac Newtn and Charles Darwin. There are lts f ld buildings and churches t visit. Students and turists enjy trips alng the river by bat.
Cambridge is 80 kilmeters frm Lndn. Lndn is in the suth f England and it is n the River Thames. It has a ppulatin f abut; seven and a half millin, s it is bigger and busier than Cambridge. It is abut 2, 000 years ld, and it is famus fr Big Ben, Buckingham Palace and Twer Bridge.
England itself is part f an island, and yu are always near the sea. The small villages and beaches n the cast are ppular fr hlidays. Turists like the areas f lw muntains and beautiful lakes in the nrth, and the hills and pretty villages in the suth. Everywhere in England, yu will ntice hw green the cuntryside is.
It is never very ht in summer r very cld in winter. S cme and see England any time f the year, but bring an umbrella with yu. It rains a lt all year rund. Yu will need it mst days.
36. Cambridge is .
A. in the east f EnglandB. in the suth f England
C. n the River ThamesD. far frm the River Cam
37. Hw many examples f famus peple are mentined in the passage?
A. One.B. Tw.C. Three.D. Fur.
38. What can we knw abut Cambridge and Lndn?
A. Cambridge is much busier than Lndn.
B. Lndn is 2, 000 kilmeters frm Cambridge.
C. Cambridge has mre famus buildings than Lndn.
D. Lndn has a much bigger ppulatin than Cambridge.
39. Turists like in the suth f England.
A. the churchesB. the lw muntains
C. the pretty villagesD. the beautiful lakes
40. It is in England.
A. very ht in summerB. very cld in winter
C. nt very cld in winterD. nt rainy all year rund
【文章大意】短文介绍了英国剑桥和伦敦两座城市。剑桥以大学而闻名，许多著名的人在这里学习，有许多古老的建筑和教堂值得参观。伦敦在英国南部，人口750万，大约有2000年的历史，以大本钟、白金汉宫和塔桥而闻名。英国是个岛国，风景优美，气候宜人，是旅游度假的好去处。
36. A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文开头的句子＂I cme frm Cambridge, a beautiful city in the east f England.＂可知，剑桥是英国东部一座美丽的城市。故答案为A。
37. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的句子＂Many famus peple studied here, such as Isaac Newtn and Charles Darwin.＂ 许多著名的人在这里学习，如艾萨克牛顿和查尔斯达尔文。可知文章中列举了两个名人，故答案为B。
38. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的句子＂It is n the River Cam and has a ppulatin f abut 120, 000.＂可知，剑桥有12万人；根据第二段中的句子＂It has a ppulatin f abut; seven and a half millin, s it is bigger and busier than Cambridge.＂可知，伦敦有大约750万人口，因此说伦敦的人口比剑桥多得多。故答案选D。
39. C【解析】细节理解题。根据文中句子＂Turists like the areas f lw muntains and beautiful lakes in the nrth, and the hills and pretty villages in the suth.＂游客喜欢北部的低山、美丽的湖泊，以及南部的丘陵和美丽的村庄。故答案为C。
40. C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文最后一段中的句子＂It is never very ht in summer r very cld in winter.＂ 在英国夏天不是太热，冬天也不太冷。故答案选C。
（八）【2019 • 山东省聊城市】
41. The letter was written by .
A. RitaB. SueC. AnnaD. Martin
42. Anna thught that was the greatest inventin.
A. the high-speed railwayB. the shared bike
C. the InternetD. the nline shpping
43. ＂The Internet has made the impssible pssible＂ means ＂ ＂.
A. Peple spent a lng time t reach their places
B. Many things can be dne nw because f the Internet
C. Peple culd hardly talk with freigners
D. The Internet is just like a net
44. The article desn’t mentin that peple can use the Internet t .
A. knw the wrld newsB. d nline shpping
C. watch mviesD. learn hw t drive
45. Fr what purpse des the writer write the letter?
A. T warn thers hw t make use f the Internet.
B. T tell peple the cmmunicatin ways in the past.
C. T talk abut his pinins abut the greatest inventin.
D. T make peple knw abut the prblems f the Internet.
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述作者认为网络使最伟大的发明，并给出原因，如可以和外国人联系、网上购物、网上办公、远程教育、在网上看电影、听音乐、打游戏等。
41. D【解析】推理判断题。根据Dear Rita可知,作者写信给Rita，所以丽塔不是作者本人，排除A；根据I have als discussed it with my best friends, Anna, Sue and Kris可知，作者的朋友有安娜、苏和克里斯，所以作者不可能是苏和安娜，排除B和C。所以作者可能是马丁，故选D。
42. A【解析】细节理解题。根据Anna thinks it is the high-speed railway可知，安娜认为高铁是最伟大的发明，故选A。
43. B【解析】句意猜测题。根据In the past, it was nearly impssible fr peple t cmmunicate immediately with peple in ther cuntries. They had t spend a lng time t reach their destinatin, and nt everyne culd d that. But the Internet has made the impssible pssible可知，在过去，对于人们来说立即和其他国家的人们交流是不可能的，他们不得不花费很长时间到达他们的目的地，并且不是每一个人都能这么做。但是网络已经让不可能变成可能。所以由于网络，现在许多事都可以完成，故选B。
44. D【解析】细节理解题。根据The Internet als helps us knw what is happening arund the wrld, and has made ur life and wrk easier. In recently years, shpping nline is very ppular以及Besides, we can watch mvies, listen t music and even play games t relax urselves n the Internet可知，网络能够帮助我们知道全世界发生了什么事情，让我们的生活和工作变得更简单。在最近几年，网购非常流行，除此之外，我们可以在网上看电影、听音乐甚至打游戏来让我们自己放松。所以文中提到了知道世界新闻、网购以及看电影，而未提到学习开车，故选D。
45. C【解析】根据Last time yu asked me abut the greatest inventin in my eyes、and I prefer the Internet＂上次你问我在我的眼中最伟大的发明是什么，我更喜欢网络＂，下文举出网络的优点。以及根据S I think that Internet is ne f the greatest inventins＂所以我认为网络使最伟大的发明之一＂可知，本文的主要目的是谈论他对于最伟大的发明的观点。故选C。
（九）【2019 • 山东省聊城市】
Peple in different cuntries speak different languages. But is there a language that can be understd by everyne in the wrld? If there is, the answer might be EMOJIS(表情符号).
Emjis are a kind f special language. Pictures are used t put meaning acrss. A grup called the Unicde Cnsrtium wrks n chsing emjis. It has added new emjis every year since 2014. They shw what peple think abut and like.
Emjis can be used t represent(代表) different grups f peple. In 2015, emji faces with different skin tnes(肤色) were added. In 2016, different jbs were added , such as dctr, plice fficer and painter. This year, emjis f disabled peple were added including emjis f blind peple and peple in wheelchairs.
But there is als mre t emjis. They can als refer t(指的是) pp culture and new cultural trends(潮流).
New emjis in 2019 als include several animals, such as slths(树懒) and flamings(火烈鸟). These animals are nt very cmmn, but are knwn t many peple. Fr example, slths have becme ppular because f the 2016 film Ztpia(《疯狂动物城》). Many fashin designers(设计师) have included flamings in their designs in recent years. This animal makes peple feel like they’re n a vacatin.
It seems that emjis are a mirrr f the wrld we live in. It will be interesting t see hw they change and grw in the years t cme.
46. Emjis use t express ideas.
A. musicB. sundsC. wrdsD. pictures
47. What des the underlined wrd ＂it＂ in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A. The Unicde Cnsrtium.B. An emji.C. A cuntry.D. A language.
48. In which year were emjis f disabled peple added?
A. In 2014.B. In 2015.C. In 2016.D. In 2019.
49. Accrding t the passage, emjis include the fllwing EXCEPT .
A. peple with different skin tnesB. ppular films
C. sme interesting animalsD. different jbs
50. Which sentence is Nt True accrding t the passage?
A. Peple all ver the wrld might understand emjis.
B. Emjis can represent pp culture.
C. Many fashin designers used slths in their wrks.
D. Emjis are changing and grwing every year.
【文章大意】本文介绍了表情符号（emjis）。emjis可以被世界上每个人都理解。表情符号是一种特殊的语言。图片是用来表达意思的。emjis可以用来表示不同的人群。2015年，增加了不同肤色的表情面部。2016年，增加了医生、警官、油漆工等不同岗位。今年，增加了残疾人表情符号，包括盲人和轮椅上的人。2019年新的emjis还包括几种动物，如树懒和火烈鸟。最后说表情符号每年都在变化和成长。
46. D【解析】细节理解题。根据Emjis are a kind f special language. Pictures are used t put meaning acrss. 表情符号是一种特殊的语言。图片是用来表达意思的。可知，表情符号用图片来表达想法。故选D。
47. A【解析】细节理解题。句子It has added new emjis every year since 2014. 自2014年以来，每年都会增加新的表情符号。根据上文A grup called the Unicde Cnsrtium wrks n chsing emjis. 一个名为Unicde联合体的小组致力于选择emjis。可知，下文的代词It是指上文的Unicde联合体。故选A。
48. D【解析】细节理解题。根据This year, emjis f disabled peple were added including emjis f blind peple and peple in wheelchairs. 今年，增加了残疾人表情符号，包括盲人和轮椅上的人。可知，是2019年加入了残疾人表情符号。故选D。
49. B【解析】细节理解题。由句子In 2015, emji faces with different skin tnes(肤色) were added. In 2016, different jbs were added , such as dctr, plice fficer and painter. New emjis in 2019 als include several animals, such as slths(树懒) and flamings(火烈鸟). 2015年，增加了不同肤色（肤色）的表情面部。2016年，增加了医生、警官、油漆工等不同岗位。2019年新的emjis还包括几种动物，如树懒和火烈鸟。可知，表情符号包括了：不同肤色的人；一些有趣的动物和不同的工作。不包括流行电影。故选B。
50. C【解析】细节理解题。根据But is there a language that can be understd by everyne in the wrld? If there is, the answer might be EMOJIS(表情符号).可知，全世界的人都可能理解表情符号。故选项A正确；由句子They can als refer t(指的是) pp culture and new cultural trends(潮流).可知，表情符号可以代表流行文化。因此选项B正确；根据Many fashin designers(设计师) have included flamings in their designs in recent years. 近年来，许多时装设计师在设计中加入了火烈鸟。而不是树懒。因此选项C错误；根据短文的内容：2015年，增加了不同肤色（肤色）的表情面部。2016年，增加了医生、警官、油漆工等不同岗位。今年，增加了残疾人表情符号，包括盲人和轮椅上的人。2019年新的emjis还包括几种动物，如树懒和火烈鸟。以及短文的最后一句话It will be interesting t see hw they change and grw in the years t cme. 看到它们在未来的岁月里是如何变化和成长的，将是一件有趣的事情。可知，这些都说明了表情符号每年都在变化和成长。故选项D正确。所以本题不对的是选项C。
（十）【2019 • 山东省聊城市】
D yu ften run utdrs t keep healthy? Have yu ever thught abut hw running helps t clean up the earth? Smetimes a creative mind can bring us a win-win（双赢）situatin.
Plgging，a new way t exercise，began in Sweden（瑞典）. The name ＂plgging＂ cmes frm tw wrds-the Swedish（瑞典的）wrd "plcka＂，which means" t pick up（捡起）＂，and the wrd ＂jgging＂，which means" ＂t run slwly＂. A Swedish man called Erik started the mvement. He saw rubbish here and there when riding t wrk each day. He became wrried abut the dirty envirnment and decided nt t g t wrk by bike any mre. Instead，he began t run t wrk and pick up the rubbish at the same time.
T his jy，mre and mre peple fllwed him and sn plgging became ppular.
Many peple chse plgging instead f just jgging because they think plgging is a gd way t help clean up the earth. Smetimes rubbish is difficult t cllect because it may scatter all arund. But if the runners pick up the rubbish n the way，it is quite different. After all，many hands make light wrk. Anther reasn is that plgging burns mre calries（卡路里）. Accrding t a research, plgging fr 10minutes burns 48 calries，while usual jgging fr 10 minutes burns abut 39 calries.
Everyne n the earth shuld play a part in cleaning it up！It’s time fr us t take actin tgether. S ready? Let’s plg tmrrw！
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
51. The underlined（划线的）wrd "scatter" in the passage means " ___________" in Chinese.
A. 爆炸B. 集中C. 散落
52. After Erik saw much rubbish, ___________.
A. he became wrriedB. he kept riding t wrk every day
C. he didn’t care and did nthing abut it
53. Peple chse plgging because ___________.
A. there are t many bikes in the city
B. riding bikes is harmful t their health
C. it can help clean up the earth and burn mre calries
54. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage？
A. Plgging started in Sweden.
B. Plgging fr 10 minutes burns abut 84 calries.
C. The name "plgging＂ cmes frm tw English wrds.
55. What’s the best title fr the passage？
A. A Bad Habit-Littering
B. The Best Sprt-Jgging
C. A New Way t Exercise-Plgging
【文章大意】本文介绍了一种新型的健身运动方式-Plgging（拾荒慢跑），这项运动起源于瑞典，是一个叫埃里克的瑞典人发起了这场运动。让大家在锻炼身体的同时，也清洁了我们周围的生活环境。活动通过体育健身、绿色环保与社会公益有机融合的方式，让参与者在健身的同时关注环境健康、履行社会责任。
51. C【解析】词义猜测题。根据上下文的意思和平时生活实际，我们都知道：有时候垃圾很难收集起来，因为垃圾很容易到处散落，所以猜测单词＂scatter＂的意思是＂散落＂。答案为C。
52. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第四行＂He saw rubbish here and there when riding t wrk each day. He became wrried abut the dirty envirnment and decided nt t g t wrk by bike any mre.＂可知，Erik看到到处都是垃圾后，很担心环境问题并且决定不再骑自行车去上班。故答案为A。
53. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一行＂Many peple chse plgging instead f just jgging because they think plgging is a gd way t help clean up the earth.＂和第三段第四行＂Anther reasn is that plgging burns mre calries.＂可知，跑步捡垃圾可以帮助清洁地球并燃烧更多的卡路里。故答案为C。
54. A【解析】判断正误题。第二段第一句话提及＂Plgging, a new way t exercise, began in Sweden.＂拾荒慢跑是一种新型的运动方式，起源于瑞典，A选项正确；根据＂Accrding t a research，plgging fr 10 minutes burns 48 calries，while usual jgging fr 10 minutes burns abut 39＂calries. 拾荒慢跑)10分钟消耗48卡路里，B选项错误；根据The name＂plgging＂cmes frm tw wrds-the Swedish（瑞典的）wrd "plcka＂，which means" t pick up（捡起）＂，and the wrd ＂jgging＂，which means＂t run slwly＂.可知，Plgging是瑞典语中"捡垃圾"(plcka)和"慢跑"(jgga)两个单词的合成。C选项错误。故答案选A。
55. C【解析】标题归纳题。本文主要中心大意是介绍一种新型的运动方式-Plgging（拾荒慢跑）。故选C。
【点睛】
标题归纳题是阅读理解中常见的一个题型，这类题主要是测试学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。这类题通常围绕一个中心思想展开，一些文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想，第一段常常是内容的梗概，同时又表达了中心思想，也有一些文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就要求学生学会归纳概括。每个段落往往也由一个主题句或几个陈述句构成，它们在句中的位置不同，有时在开头，首先点明本段大意，有时在结尾，总结本段大意。
2019年中考真题英语分项汇编
（一）【2019 • 江西省中考】
Everyne faces challenges in their life, but sme are mre imprtant than thers. Daniel Kish had serius prblems with his eyes when he was brn. And dctrs tk away bth f his eyes befre he was furteen mnths ld.
Sn after, hwever, he started t d an amazing thing. He started t make clicking(咔塔) sunds with his tngue（舌头） t help him mve arund. Much like a bat(蝙幅), he nw mves abut using snar(声呐). He is s gd at it that he can ride a bicycle in traffic. He and his grup, Wrld Access fr the Blind, teach thers hw t use snar. In this interview with Natinal Gegraphic, Kish explains hw the prcess wrks.
Hw des snar wrk?
＂When I make a clicking sund, it makes sund waves. These waves reflect(反射) ff surfaces all arund and return t my ears. My brain then prcesses the sunds int images(图像). It’s like having a cnversatin with the envirnment
When yu click, what d yu see in yur mind?
"Each click is like a camera flash. I make a 3D image f the things arund me fr hundreds f feet in every directin.＂
What is it like riding a bike using snar?
＂It’s exciting and enjyable but requires a lt f fcus. I click up t tw times per secnd,, much mre than I usually d.＂
Is it dangerus t mve arund the wrld in this way?
"Much f the wrld lives in fear f things that we mstly imagine. I have a habit f climbing anything and everything, but I never brke a bne(骨头) as a kid.＂
Hw challenging is it t teach peple t use snar?
＂Many students are surprised hw quickly results cme. Seeing isn’t in the eyes, it’ s in the mind.＂
1. What’s the main idea f Paragraph 2?
A. Kish explains hw snar wrks.
B. Kish teaches peple hw t use snar.
C. Kish started t mve arund using snar.
D. Kish is gd at riding a bicycle in traffic.
2. Hw des snar wrk? Chse the right rder.
a. The sund waves reflect ff surfaces.
b. The persn makes a clicking sund.
c. The brain makes images with the sunds.
d. The sund waves reach the persns ears.
A. b-a-c-dB. b-d-a-cC. a-b-d-cD. b-a-d-c
3. What can we knw abut Kish frm the passage?
A. He always challenges himself bravely.
B. He lives in fear f things that he imagines.
C. He became blind when he was 14 years ld.
D. He brke his bne when climbing as a child.
4. What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Hw Snar Wrks.
B. Riding a Bike Using Snar.
C. Seeing with the Mind.
D. Hw the Blind Mve Arund.
【文章大意】文章介绍了Daniel Kish因为严重的眼睛疾病，医生摘除了他的眼球，不久后，他就用舌头发出咔塔声来帮助他走路，就像蝙蝠一样，用声呐来走动，他解释了这个过程是怎么工作的，舌头发出的声音反射回到耳朵，然后大脑加工成图像，就像和环境对话，不是用眼睛看，而是用大脑看。
1. C【解析】段落大意题。根据He started t make clicking(咔塔) sunds with his tngue舌头) t help him mve arund. Much like a bat(蝙幅), he nw mves abut using snar(声呐). 不久后，他就用舌头发出咔塔声来帮助他走路，就像蝙蝠一样，用声呐来走动，可知这一段主要讲诉Kish开始用声呐走动；故选C。
2. D【解析】顺序排列题。根据I make a clicking sund, it makes sund waves. hese waves reflect(反射) ff surfaces all arund and return t my ears. My brain then prcesses the sunds int images(图像).可知声呐工作的顺序是发出咔嗒声，声音从表面反射回来，到达人的耳朵，大脑把声音制成图像；故选D。
3. A【解析】细节理解题。根据Much f the wrld lives in fear f things that we mstly imagine I have a habit f climbing anything and everything, but I never brke a bne (骨头) as a kid.他没有生活在想象的恐惧中，也没伤到骨头，根据And dctrs tk away bth f his eyes befre he was furteen mnths ld.可知是14个月，不是14岁；根据文章内容，可知他总是勇敢地挑战自己；故选A。
4. C【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章介绍了Daniel Kish因为严重的眼睛疾病，医生摘除了他的眼球，不久后，他就用舌头发出咔塔声来帮助他走路，就像蝙蝠一样，用声呐来走动，他解释了这个过程是怎么工作的，舌头发出的声音反射回到耳朵，然后大脑大脑加工成图像，就像和环境对话，不是用眼睛看，而是用大脑看。可知这段的最好题目是＂用大脑看＂；故选C。
【点睛】
短文阅读，做题时要结合文章的特点，题目涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断，做题时要在了解文章大意的基础上，结合题目针对不同的题型采用不同的解答方式，比如细节理解题，我们要抓住里面的最有效的信息选择出正确的答案，总之理解透文章是做好一篇阅读理解的关键。例如：小题1 段落大意题。根据He started t make clicking(咔塔) sunds with his tngue舌头) t help him mve arund. Much like a bat(蝙幅), he nw mves abut using snar(声呐). 不久后，他就用舌头发出咔塔声来帮助他走路，就像蝙蝠一样，用声呐来走动，可知这一段主要讲诉Kish开始用声呐走动；故选C。
（二）【2019 • 天津市中考】
There are many ways t help imprve yur health like eating healthy fd. Taking exercise and getting medical help. But the easiest and cheapest way t imprve yur health is just t sleep eight hurs r mre every night. The general sleeping rule is that the yunger yu are, the lnger sleep yu need. But regardless f(不管) age, sme peple need t sleep mre while fr sme a few hurs is enugh.
The prblem with sleep is that mre and mre peple in the wrld are nt sleeping enugh. Accrding t the Wrld Health Organizatin ver half the peple in the wrld may be sleep-deprived. Having less sleep nt nly makes peple feel tired but als causes accidents. In the United States alne, sleepy drivers cause at least 100,000 traffic accidents a year. Als sleep prblems can cause medical prblems such as high bld pressure(血压).
Why are s many peple sleep-deprived? Part f the reasns may be cultural. In the American culture, peple put a higher value n wrk than n sleep. In fact, peple wh sleep a lt are usually seen as ＂lazy＂. Als, yu can smetimes hear sme peple say prudly that they dn’t have much time t sleep. they nly sleep fur r five hurs a night. It seems that the less yu sleep, the mre wrk yu’ll d.
Hw d we teach these peple t learn the value f sleep? Perhaps they may listen t the advice f Dr. James Maas an expert(专家) in sleep. He says , ＂Sleep is like a credit (信用卡) card. When yu sleep less. yu are nly brrwing time. Yu always have t pay it back. The mre hurs yu dn’t sleep, the mre hurs yu shuld t sleep t ‘pay back’ the hurs n yur ‘sleepcredit card.’＂
Fr thse wh value wrk mre than sleep, they shuld listen t what a famus persn nce said. ＂Dn’t think yu will be ding less wrk because yu sleep during the night. That is a flish(愚蠢的) idea which is held by peple wh have n imaginatin. Yu will be able t d mre.＂
5. Accrding t the writer, the easiest and cheapest way t imprve health is t .
A. eat healthy fd every day
B. take excrcisc as much as pssible
C. get medical help whenever necessary
D. sleep eight hurs r mre every night
6. What des ＂slecep-deprived＂ mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Having a gd sleep.B. Excited abut sleep.
C. Having less sleep.D. Interested in sleep.
7. Accrding t Dr. James Maas, what is sleep like?
A. An hur.B. A reprt.
C. A credit card.D. A piece f paper.
8. What d the wrds f the famus persn mean in Paragragh 5?
A. Sleeping during the night is flish.
B. Sleeping during the night is helpful.
C. Peple have n curage.
D. Peple always d less wrk.
9. What is the best title f the passage’?
A. The Value f Sleep
B. The Value f Study
C. The Ways f Eating Less
D. The Ways f Making Mney
【文章大意】本文介绍了睡眠的价值。文章介绍了有很多方法可以帮助改善你的健康，但改善健康的最简单和最便宜的方法就是每晚只睡8个小时或更长时间。世界上越来越多的人睡眠不足。睡眠不足不仅使人感到疲劳，而且还会造成事故。文化是造成睡眠不足的原因之一。我们如何教这些人学习睡眠的价值？睡眠专家告诉我们：＂睡眠就像信用卡。当你睡眠不足时。你只是在借用时间。你总是要还钱。你不睡觉的时间越多，＂偿还＂你＂睡眠信用卡＂上的时间就越多。＂一位名人曾经说过：＂不要以为你会因为晚上睡觉而减少工作。这是一个没有想象力的人的愚蠢的想法。你可以做得更多。＂
5. D【解析】细节理解题。根据But the easiest and cheapest way t imprve yur health is just t sleep eight hurs r mre every night. 可知，但改善健康的最简单和最便宜的方法就是每晚只睡8个小时或更长时间。故选D。
6. C【解析】词意猜测题。A. Having a gd sleep. 睡得好；B. Excited abut sleep. 对睡眠感到兴奋。C. Having less sleep. 睡眠不足；D. Interested in sleep. 对睡眠感兴趣。句子Accrding t the Wrld Health Organizatin ver half the peple in the wrld may be sleep-deprived. 根据世界卫生组织的数据，世界上一半以上的人可能睡眠不足。因此sleep-deprived的意思是：睡眠不足。故选C。
7. C【解析】细节理解题。A. An hur.一个小时；B. A reprt.一份报告；C. A credit card.一张信用卡；D. A piece f paper.一张纸。根据Sleep is like a credit (信用卡) card.可知，睡眠就像信用卡。故选C。
8. B【解析】细节理解题。句子＂Dn’t think yu will be ding less wrk because yu sleep during the night. That is a flish(愚蠢的) idea which is held by peple wh have n imaginatin. Yu will be able t d mre.＂ ＂不要以为你会因为晚上睡觉而减少工作。这是一个没有想象力的人的愚蠢的想法。你可以做得更多。＂这句话充分说明了晚上睡觉是有帮助的。故选B。
9. A【解析】推理判断题。A. The Value f Sleep睡眠的价值；B. The Value f Study学习的价值；C. The Ways f Eating Less少吃的方法；D. The Ways f Making Mney赚钱的方式。根据There are many ways t help imprve yur health like eating healthy fd. Taking exercise and getting medical help. But the easiest and cheapest way t imprve yur health is just t sleep eight hurs r mre every night. 有很多方法可以帮助改善你的健康，比如吃健康食品。进行锻炼并获得医疗帮助。但改善健康的最简单和最便宜的方法就是每晚只睡8个小时或更长时间。和句子Hw d we teach these peple t learn the value f sleep? 我们如何教这些人学习睡眠的价值？可知，本文主要介绍了睡眠的价值。因此最好的题目是The Value f Sleep. 故选A。
【点睛】
词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，所猜测词汇可以是生词，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是人称代词的指代内容。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：(1)利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 (2)利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 (3)利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。这些逻辑关系往往通过一些相应的词或短语表达出来，如but, r, hwever, s, because等。(4)利用构词法知识答题。熟记一些前缀、后缀所表达的意思，不仅可以扩大词汇量，而且帮助我们猜测词义。第2小题的词义猜测题就是利用第1种解题方法。
（三）【2019 • 江苏省苏州市】
Every day there is less and less space n Earth fr rubbish. Yet every day we make mre and mre rubbish. What can we d? We can recycle sme f ur rubbish. Recycling means that the rubbish will be made int smething that can be used again.
Recycling helps Earth. And it saves space in rubbish dumps. Half f everything that we put int landfills culd be recycled instead. In fact, mst things made f paper, metal, glass and plastic can be recycled.
Paper can be brken int small pieces and made int new paper. Steel and aluminum cans（金属雄）can be melted dwn（熔化）and made int new cans. The same is true f glass bttles. This can be dne ver and ver again. Recycling desn’t take as much energy as making these things the first time. S we can use less f Earth’s fuel resurces.
Plastic can be melted dwn, t. Then it can be frmed int park benches, playgrunds and s n. Sme peple call plastic the "wd" f the future. Things made f plastic will last abut 400 years-even if they stay utside in the weather. N wd can d that!
10. The underlined wrd "landfills" in Paragraph 2 prbably means _____________.
A. bench factriesB. places fr rubbish
C. green muntainsD. recycling centres
11. Accrding t the passage, what happens last t the can?
A. The can is put int a recycling bin.B. The can is melted dwn and reused.
C. A steel can gets filled with crn.D. A persn uses the crn in the can.
12. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Cans shuld be melted dwn.
B. Old newspapers can be reused.
C. We can build benches that last 400 years.
D. We shuld recycle everything that we can.
【文章大意】本文关注的是地球污染问题，呼吁人们对垃圾进行回收再利用，保护地球。
10. B【解析】题意：第2段下划线的单词＂landfills＂意思可能是_____________。考查词义理解。put int投入/倾倒；根据上文And it saves space in rubbish dumps.和下文culd be recycled instead.可知landfills是填埋垃圾的地方，places fr rubbish符合句意，故选B。
11. B【解析】题意：根据这篇文章，罐子最后发生了什么?考查细节推断。根据Steel and aluminum cans can be melted dwn and made int new cans.可知可以熔化制成新罐，故选B。
12. D【解析】题意：这篇文章的主旨是什么?考查主旨理解。A. 罐头应该熔化。B. 旧报纸可以重复使用。C.我们可以建造使用400年的长椅。D. 我们应该回收我们能回收的一切。根据开头We can recycle sme f ur rubbish. Recycling means that the rubbish will be made int smething that can be used again.可知短文介绍的是垃圾的回收再利用，故选D。
（四）【2019 • 浙江省宁波市】
Big data(数据) is a lt f sets f infrmatin that are put tgether s they can be used by a cmputer prgram. The cmputer prgram lks fr different kinds f answers r patterns in the data. Big data can have different kinds f infrmatin frm many surces, such as infrmatin that cmes frm schls, scial media sites, cmpanies and gvernments. One set f data can have peple’s names and addresses. Anther set can have what they like, where they g t schl, and hw much time they spend n the cmputer
Big data can be used in many ways. The gvernment uses it t understand hw many peple travel n buses r trains. This infrmatin is then used t make bus r train systems better. Sme schls use big data t understand which children may need extra help in class. The teacher can then give certain students mre help r supprt s thse students can succeed in schl. Cmpanies use big data, t. It helps them understand wh buys their prducts. Fr example, ne cmpany uses weather data t see when peple eat the mst ice cream.
Big data can be used fr gd reasns. Sme hspitals use big data t predict if a baby wh is brn t early will get sick. The hspital can then take extra steps t take care f that baby s he r she des nt get sick. Big data can als be used fr bad reasns. It can be used t predict which kinds f peple are likely t break the law r hurt thers, even if they have nt dne anything wrng.
Hw can big data be used fr gd and bad things? It is because the cmputer prgrams used t lk at big data and understand it are written by peple. Peple think a certain way. Because they think a certain way, they build a mdel f thse ideas. These ideas are then used t lk at the data. Smetimes, these ideas are helpful fr peple r businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause prblems fr certain grups f peple.
13. This reading is abut _____________.
A. what big data is and hw it is used
B. what schls and hspitals peple like
C. where imprtant data is cllected and stred
D. hw big data is cntrlled by gvernments and cmpanies
14. One cmpany uses weather infrmatin t _____________.
A. help children in need
B. knw when peple will visit the hspital
C. find ut wh tides the bus r train
D. understand when peple will need ice cream
15. The main idea f Paragraph 3 is _____________.
A. big data can be used fr gd reasns
B. we can use big data in a number f ways
C. big data can be used fr bth gd and bad reasns
D. we can use big data t prevent babies frm getting sick
16. The verall tne(总基调) f this reading is _____________.
A. sad and persnalB. persnal and scientific
C. infrmative but sillyD. scientific and infrmative
【文章大意】你了解大数据吗？大数据就是将很多信息放在一起，可以供计算机程序使用。短文中列举了很多使用大数据的方式，既有好的一些方面，也有不好的。
13. A【解析】主旨大意题。根据短文第一段的开头Big data(数据) is a lt f sets f infrmatin that are put tgether s they can be used by a cmputer prgram.和第二段的开头Big data can be used in many ways可知，这篇短文给我们讲述了＂什么是大数据＂以及＂大数据的使用＂，故A选项最符合文意，选A。
14. D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第二段最后一句话Fr example, ne cmpany uses weather data t see when peple eat the mst ice cream.可知，某公司使用天气数据来查看人们什么时候吃的冰淇淋最多。由此可知应选D。
15. C【解析】细节理解题。根据这一段的开头Big data can be used fr gd reasns.以及第四句话Big data can als be used fr bad reasns.可知，这一段中介绍了大数据用于好的一面以及不好的一面，并各自举例说明。故C选项符合文意。
16. D【解析】推理判断题。这篇短文给我们介绍了什么是大数据以及大数据的使用方式，整篇文章科学、客观，并使用了许多例子进行解释，使读者更容易理解。因此整篇文章的基调是科学而又具有教育性的，故应选D。
（五）【2019 • 四川省乐山市】
When he was nine years ld, American by Mil Cress had a questin: Hw many plastic straws(吸管) d Americans use every day?
He quickly learned there wasn’t a simple answer. The by tried t wrk it ut himself. Thrugh lts f research, Cress fund ut that Americans use abut 500 millin straws every day. In hpes f reducing plastic waste, he funded the Be Straw Free prject in 2011.
Cress started the prject in his hmetwn – Burlingtn, Vermnt. He asked a lcal restaurant t stp ffering straws with every drink rder. It was a simple change. Hwever, it wuld save mney. And by ding that, the restaurant wuld cut dwn n its straw use by 50 percent.
Fr the years that fllwed, Cress tried t spread his prject acrss the United States. Mre and mre restaurants agreed t jin. They stp prviding the custmer with a straw unless he r she asks fr ne. Last April, Seattle became the first American city t cmpletely ban ( 禁 止 ) plastic straws.
Plastic pllutin has been ne f the mst serius prblems tday. Accrding t scientists, mre than eight millin tns f plastic end up in the cean each year. Plastic straws are especially terrible. They make it easy fr peple t get cmfrtable with single-use plastics.
After his prject became ppular, Cress tk his findings n the rad. He has since spken t tens f thusands f students arund the wrld. He wants t encurage mre peple t say n t plastic straws.
＂Fcusing(聚焦) n straws is ne simple step we all culd take,＂ Cress says. ＂And it makes me feel that I, as a kid, culd make a difference, t.＂
17. When did Mil Cress start t care abut the prblem f straws?
A. Ten years ag.B. In the year 2011.C. In the year that he was 9.
18. Cress started the Be Straw Free prject in rder t _____________.
A. get a gd scre in science at his schl
B. encurage peple t reduce plastic waste
C. becme a famus persn in his hmetwn
19. What did Cress ask a restaurant in Burlingtn t d?
A. Stp ffering straws t its custmers.
B. Prevent peple frm using straws t drink.
C. Cunt the number f straws it uses every day.
20. Plastic straws are especially terrible because _____________.
A. they are the mst serius prblem tday
B. scientists pay little attentin t their influence
C. they help peple get used t using single-use plastics
21. Over the years, Cress has _____________.
① spread his prject acrss the United States
② asked Seattle t cmpletely ban plastic bags
③ cunted the plastic straws in the cean every year
④ spken t teens arund the wrld abut plastic waste
A. ①③B. ②③C. ①④
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述如今白色污染已经是最严重的问题，一个九岁的孩子创建了一个项目希望减少白色污染，并且讲述了他为减少白色污染而做的努力。
17. C【解析】细节理解题。根据When he was nine years ld, American by Mil Cress had a questin: Hw many plastic straws(吸管) d Americans use every day可知，在他9岁时，他关心吸管问题，故选C。
18. B【解析】细节理解题。根据In hpes f reducing plastic waste, he funded the Be Straw Free prject in 2011可知，他创办这个项目的目的是为了减少白色污染，故选B
19. A【解析】细节理解题。根据He asked a lcal restaurant t stp ffering straws with every drink rder可知，他让伯灵顿的饭店不要主动向顾客提供吸管，故选A。
20. C【解析】细节理解题。根据Plastic straws are especially terrible. They make it easy fr peple t get cmfrtable with single-use plastics可知，他们使人们很容易适应一次性塑料，故选C。
21. C【解析】细节理解题。根据Fr the years that fllwed, Cress tried t spread his prject acrss the United States可知，他尝试着将他的项目遍及整个美国，①是他做的；根据Last April, Seattle became the first American city t cmpletely ban ( 禁 止 ) plastic straws可知，西雅图成为美国第一个全面禁止使用塑料吸管的城市，②错误；根据Accrding t scientists, mre than eight millin tns f plastic end up in the cean each year可知，科学家说每年有800万吨塑料被倒入海洋中，不是他计算的，排除③；根据He has since spken t tens f thusands f students arund the wrld可知，他对全世界许多学生说关于白色污染的问题，④正确，故选C。
【点睛】
细节理解题是考试时经常考查的一个题型。做细节理解题时，首先要先读题干，划题干中的关键词，再根据关键词定位至文中即可找到正确答案。
（六）【2019 • 湖南省郴州市】
In tday’s wrld, almst everyne knws that air pllutin and water pllutin are harmful t peple’s health. Hwever, nt all the peple knw that nise is als a kind f pllutin, and that is harmful t human health, t.
Peple wh wrk and live under nisy cnditins usually becme deaf. Tday, scientists believe that 10% f the wrkers in Britain are becming deaf because f the nise where they wrk. Many f the wrkers wh print newspapers and wh weave clth（织布）becme deaf. Plenty f peple living near airprts als becme deaf. Recently it was discvered that many teenagers in America culd hear n better than 65-year-ld persns, because these yung peple like t listen t pp music and mst f pp music is a kind f nise. Besides, nise which is prduced by jet planes r machines will make peple’s life difficult and unpleasant. It can make peple ill r even drive them mad.
It is said that a cntinuus nise f mre than 85 decibels（分贝）can cause deafness. Nw the gvernments in many cuntries have made laws t cntrl nise and make it less than 85 decibels.
In China, the gvernment is trying t slve nt nly air and water pllutin prblems but als nise pllutin prblems.
22. Scientists believe 10% f the wrkers _____________ are becming deaf because f their nisy wrkplaces.
A. in AmericaB. in ChinaC. in Britain
23. _____________ will prbably becme deaf.
A. Wrkers wh print newspapers
B. Peple wh live far frm airprts
C. Students wh like listening t sft music
24. Accrding t the passage, nise frm jet planes r machines can _____________.
A. make peple sleepyB. drive peple madC. cause peple t die
25. The underlined wrd "cntinuus" means _____________ in Chinese.
A. 正常的B. 持续的C. 清晰的
26. What’s the best title f this passage?
A. Air PllutinB. Water PllutinC. Nise Pllutin
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，说明了在今天的世界上，几乎每个人都知道空气污染对人们身体有害，然而，并不是所有人都知道噪声污染也对身体有害，声音超过85分贝，可以导致耳聋，所以在每个国家制定法律减少或控制噪音使它小于85分贝。
22. C【解析】细节理解题。根据文中Tday, scientists believe that 10% f the wrkers in Britain are becming deaf because f the nise where they wrk.可知，科学家们认为，英国有10%的工人因为工作场所嘈杂而耳聋。故选C。
23. A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中Many f the wrkers wh print newspapers and wh weave clth（织布）becme deaf.可知，印刷报纸的工人可能变聋。故选A。
24. B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中Besides, nise which is prduced by jet planes r machines will make peple’s life difficult and unpleasant. It can make peple ill r even drive them mad.可知，根据通道，喷气式飞机或机器发出的噪音会使人发疯。故选B。
25. B【解析】词句猜测题。根据下文nise f mre than 85 decibels（分贝）can cause deafness. Nw the gvernments in many cuntries have made laws t cntrl nise and make it less than 85 decibels.可知，据说持续超过85分贝的噪音会导致耳聋。cntinuus的意思是＂持续＂。故选B。
26. C【解析】标题判断题。通读整篇短文可知，这篇短文主要讲述了噪音污染的危害。故选C。
（七）【2019 • 浙江省杭州市】
Smile Train is a charity (慈善团体) that helps the millins f children arund the wrld, wh suffer frm a facial defect (缺陷). The defect happens when a baby’s tp lip r muth desn’t frm prperly befre birth. Eating and drinking is very difficult fr these babies. The charity prvides free peratins, which give these children a new smile, and with it, new hpe and a new beginning.
Children with the defect need all the help. Althugh many sufferers are accepted by their families, sadly, thers are nt. In sme cuntries, children with this defect are ften abandned at birth because their parents feel ashamed f them r cannt affrd the peratins. The gd news is that the peratin is nt difficult. It takes less than an hur and csts the family nthing. The charity raises mney and finds the right medical vlunteers t perfrm the peratins.
A Smile Train dctr frm the UK said, ＂Each child wh has the peratin is given a secnd chance at life. After years f staying at hme, the children can finally g t schl and be happy. Every year I perfrm hundreds f peratins free f cst thrugh Smile Train. Sme f the stries I have heard are quite surprising. One newbrn baby girl was fund abandned n a train. Luckily fr her, she was fund and adpted (收养) by a passenger. This lady then heard abut Smile Train and brught the baby t ur hspital. I did the peratin and gave hpe t the family. Experienced dctrs like me share ur skills with lcal dctrs. In this way we make sure that these peratins will always be available.＂
27. Smile Train is a charity which _____________.
A. prvides fd and medical care fr pr children
B. raises mney fr all the dctrs wrking in the UK
C. ffers free medical help t children with the facial defect.
D. gives children withut parents new hpe and a new beginning.
28. The underlined wrd ＂abandned＂ in Paragraph 2 is clsest in meaning t _____________.
A. given upB. dressed upC. called upD. brught up
29. What did the dctr frm the UK think f his vlunteer wrk?
A. Dangerus.B. Surprising.C. Relaxing.D. Valuable.
30. It can be inferred frm the passage that _____________.
A. children with the facial defect are becming mre ashamed than befre
B. mre dctrs are trained t help children with the facial defect
C. fewer baby bys with the facial defect are perated n than girls
D. dctrs in Smile Train are always well paid fr ding the peratins
【文章大意】这篇短文给我们介绍了一个慈善团体——微笑列车，这个组织是帮助全世界那些患有面部缺陷的儿童的，给他们提供手术，给这些孩子新的微笑、新的希望、新的开始。
27. C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第一段第一句话和最后一句话Smile Train is a charity (慈善团体) that helps the millins f children arund the wrld, wh suffer frm a facial defect (缺陷). charity prvides free peratins, which give these children a new smile, and with it, new hpe and a new beginning.可知，微笑列车是一个慈善团体，它帮助全世界那些患有面部缺陷的儿童，为他们提供手术。由此可知应选C。
28. A【解析】词义猜测题。根据单词所在的句子In sme cuntries, children with this defect are ften abandned at birth because their parents feel ashamed f them r cannt affrd the peratins.可知，因为父母为这样的孩子感到羞耻或者不能提供手术的费用，这些孩子经常在出生时就被遗弃。given up放弃；dressed up盛装打扮；called up打电话；brught up抚养，提出。根据文章的语境分析可知应选A。
29. D【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中这个医生所说的话Each child wh has the peratin is given a secnd chance at life. After years f staying at hme, the children can finally g t schl and be happy…I did the peratin and gave hpe t the family可知，他通过微笑列车做了几百个手术，给了这些孩子第二次生命，让这些孩子快乐的生活，给他们的家人带来了希望。由此可知推测，他觉得自己的这份工作是非常有价值的。Dangerus危险的；Surprising令人吃惊的；Relaxing令人放松的；Valuable有价值的。故应选D。
30. B【解析】推理判断题。根据短文的最后Experienced dctrs like me share ur skills with lcal dctrs. In this way we make sure that these peratins will always be available.可知，经验丰富的医生与当地的医生分享技术，确保手术的成功，由此可知B选项＂更多的医生被训练去帮助有面部缺陷的孩子们＂符合文意，故选B。
（八）【2019 • 浙江省杭州市】
A myth is smething that is nt crrect, but many peple believe. There are a lt f myths abut the human brain.
One f the biggest myths is that we nly use 10 percent f ur brains. The next part f the myth is that if we can learn t use the rest f ur brains, then we’ll be much smarter. Peple say this all the time, but it’s abslutely nt true! The truth is that althugh we dn’t knw everything abut the human brain, we knw that each part f it has an imprtant functin (功能) . Mdern scientists think the "10 percent myth" ridiculus (荒谬的) .
The ther mst ppular myth is abut being "right brained" r "left brained". Accrding t this myth, peple wh use the right side f their brains are mre artistic and creative. Peple wh use the left side f their brains are better at math and science. This is as ppular as the 10 percent myth, and it’s als wrng. In 2013, a study at an American university examined the right brain and left brain myth. Accrding t the study, we use bth sides f ur brains equally (相等地). "
It’s true that we use different parts f ur brains fr different things. We use ur left side fr language mre, and ur right side when we need t pay attentin. But there is n evidence (证据) that creative peple use the right side mre r that scientific peple use the left side mre.
We’ve talked abut myths, s let’s lk at a few interesting facts abut the brain. First f all, the brain feels n pain. Secnd, abut 75 percent f the brain is made f water. It’s als the fattest rgan in yur bdy. Here’s anther interesting fact abut the brain. Arund the time yu turn 18 years ld, it stps grwing.
31. The underlined wrd "This" in Paragraph 3 refers t ______________.
A. the left brain mythB. the right brain and left brain myth
C. the use f human brainsD. the study f an American university
32. Accrding t the facts mentined in the passage, _____________ may use the left brain mre.
A. Rbert, wh is learning EnglishB. Kate, wh is drawing pictures
C. Jenny, wh is designing clthesD. Jacb, wh is ding research
33. Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut the human brain?
A. It is grwing all life lng.B. The right side is used mre by artists.
C. Sme parts f it are nt used at all.D. Three quarters f it is made f water.
34. The passage mainly tells abut _____________.
A. the grwing f the brainB. different functins f the brain
C. right brain and left brainD. myths and facts abut the brain
【文章大意】文章是关于大脑的一些事情，有人说我们的大脑只是用了10%,如果我们能学会使用剩余部分我们会更聪明，科学家认为这种说法很荒谬，我们知道大脑的每一部分都有它的重要作用，还有另外一种说法就是左右脑的说法，说使用右脑的人更有艺术性和创造性，使用左脑的人更擅长数学和科学，美国的一项科学研究说我们使用左右脑是均衡的，脑子的不同部分有不同的作用，左边是语言中枢，当我们需要注意的时候使用右边。我们的大脑没有痛感，75%是水，它也是我们的身体最肥的组织，18岁脑子就停止生长。
31. B【解析】细节理解题。根据The ther mst ppular myth is abut being "right brained" r "left brained". Accrding t this myth, peple wh use the right side f their brains are mre artistic and creative. Peple wh use the left side f their brains are better at math and science. 和as ppular as the 10 percent myth,可知是左右脑的传说；故选B。
32. A【解析】细节理解题。根据We use ur left side fr language mre,可知是学英语的；故选A。
33. D【解析】推理判断题。根据Arund the time yu turn 18 years ld, it stps grwing.可知A不对，根据But there is n evidence(证据) that creative peple use the right side mre r that scientific peple use the left side mre.可知B不对；根据Mdern scientists think the "10 percent myth" ridiculus (荒谬的) .和It’s true that we use different parts f ur brains fr different things.可知C不对；根据abut 75 percent f the brain is made f water.可知D是对的；故选D。
34. D【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章是关于大脑的一些事情，有人说我们的大脑只是用了10%,如果我们能学会使用剩余部分我们会更聪明，科学家认为这种说法很荒谬，我们知道大脑的每一部分都有它的重要作用，还有另外一种说法就是左右脑的说法，说使用右脑的人更有艺术性和创造性，使用左脑的人更擅长数学和科学，美国的一项科学研究说我们使用左右脑是均衡的，脑子的不同部分有不同的作用，左边是语言中枢，当我们需要注意的时候使用右边。我们的大脑没有痛感，75%是水，它也是我们的身体最肥的组织，18岁脑子就停止生长。可知文章主要是讲大脑的传说和事实的文章；故选D。
（九）【2019 • 山东省济宁市】
In a rainfrest there are tall trees. The tp f these trees is called the canpy. Scientists want t learn abut the canpy. They want t learn abut everything that lives there. But it has nt been easy t get t the canpy.
Meg is an American bilgist, eclgist, explrer, writer, educatr, and public speaker. Since she knws a lt abut trees, she is smetimes called Canpy Meg. Meg has always liked trees. When she was a child, she made tree huses. Nw, she has climbed t the tp f trees all ver the wrld and des great research, s she has gt a nickname called ＂Einstein f the treetps.＂
Walkways in the rainfrest were Meg’s idea. Nw, they are used by many peple. A walkway is like a bridge that ges between the trees. It is safe and it desn’t harm the trees. A walkway, hwever, cannn help scientists reach the tp.
One way t reach the tp is by a light raft filled with air. It has a huge net n it. A ht air balln drps the raft nt the trees. Scientists can stand n the raft and lk int the trees.
A twer crane is als a gd way t get t the tp. It can g abve the tree tps. It can g all the way dwn t the grund, t. Scientists are learning abut life in the canpy. They have learned there are millins f insects that are eating leaves in these treetps.
Meg’s jb is t keep finding ut mre. She wants t help find the secrets f treetps. There are still millins f animals that n ne has seen. Many f them are in the treetps.
35. What d scientists g t the treetps fr?
A. T build walkways there.B. T learn abut the rainfrest.
C. T study living things there.D. T lk at the things far away.
36. Why is Meg called "Einstein f the treetps?
A. Because she has always liked trees.
B. Because she made tree huses in her childhd
C. Because she is an American bilgist and explrer.
D. Because she des great scientific research n treetps
37. Hw many ways f getting t the treetps are mentined in the passage?
A. OneB. Tw.C. Three.D. Fur
38. Which picture des a walkway lk like?
A. B.
C. D.
【文章大意】文章讲述了Meg关于对树冠的研究，她在小时候就对树冠感兴趣，因此得到＂树梢的爱因斯坦＂的绰号，文章介绍了到达树梢的方法，一个可以用热气球，也可以用塔吊，科学家也研究树冠上的生命，树冠上有成百上千万的吃树叶的昆虫，Meg的工作是坚持弄清楚更多，树冠上仍然有成百上千万的没有人见过的。
35. C【解析】细节理解题。根据Scientists are learning abut life in the canpy.可知是为了研究树梢的生物；故选C。
36. D【解析】细节理解题。根据des great research, s she has gt a nickname called ＂Einstein f the treetps.＂可知是因为她对树冠做了伟大的科学研究；故选D。
37. B【解析】细节理解题。根据One way t reach the tp is by a light raft filled with air.和A twer crane is als a gd way t get t the tp.可知提到了2个方法；故选B。
38. A【解析】图片匹配题。根据A walkway is like a bridge that ges between the trees.可知是像在两棵树之间走的桥，和图片；故选A。
【点睛】
短文阅读，做题时要结合文章的特点，题目涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断，做题时要在了解文章大意的基础上，结合题目针对不同的题型采用不同的解答方式，比如细节理解题，我们要抓住里面的最有效的信息选择出正确的答案，总之理解透文章是做好一篇阅读理解的关键。例如：小题3细节理解题。根据One way t reach the tp is by a light raft filled with air.和A twer crane is als a gd way t get t the tp.可知提到了2个方法；故选B。
2019年中考真题英语分项汇编
（一）【2019 • 重庆市中考】
Cinyee Chiu, an artist frm Taiwan, is always happy t try smething new. Her amazing wrks wn lts f prizes. Amng them, ＂24 Slar Terms(节气)＂ is the mst ppular.
Ancient Chinese divided a year int 24 parts accrding t the changes f the weather. It’s the 24 slar terms. But nt everyne knws them well. Cinyee Chiu put the 24 slar terns in pictures t help peple understand them better.
Cinyee turned each slar term int an animal. But these animals are nt just animals. Yu can als find seasnal fruits, vegetables r beautiful flwers n them.
When spring cmes, water gets warm and fish start t swim arund. S Cinyee chse fish as a symbl f Start f Spring. Als, she drew spring vegetables, Chinese chives n the back f the fish.
White Dew falls n abut Sept. 8. It shws the beginning f the cl autumn. There are clrful leaves and cler nights at this time f year. As the temperature falls, white dew(露珠) is ften seen n the grass and trees at night. Fr White Dew, Cinyee chse a raccn—a small animal with thick hair. She drew white spts(小圆点) n the raccn t shw dew. And she used the dragn fruit t shw the rich clrs in autumn.
The yung artist really gave the ancient Chinese culture a new lk.
1. The writer gave ___________ examples t shw Cinyee’s ＂24 Slar Terms＂.
A. twB. threeC. furD. five
2. Frm Paragraph 5, we knw that ___________.
A. a raccn likes fish
B. Start f Spring falls n abut Dec. 8
C. White Dew shws the end f the autumn
D. Cinyee used white spts t shw dew
3. Accrding t the passage, Picture ___________ can’t be frm Cinyee’s ＂24 Slar Terms＂.
A. B. C. D.
4. The writer mainly wants t talk abut ___________.
A. why Cinyee made herself knwn
B. wh divided a year int 24 parts
C. hw Cinyee shwed the 24 slar terms
D. what Start f Spring and White Dew mean
【文章大意】本文介绍了来自台湾的艺术家Cinyee Chiu是如何用动物来展示24节气的。Cinyee把每个节气都变成了一种动物。并且通过两个例子：鱼代表立春；浣熊代表白露。来加以说明。最后说明了这位年轻的艺术家使中国古代文化焕然一新。
1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据句子S Cinyee chse fish as a symbl f Start f Spring. 因此，Cinyee选择鱼作为立春的象征。和句子Fr White Dew, Cinyee chse a raccn—a small animal with thick hair. She drew white spts(小圆点) n the raccn t shw dew. 对于白露这一节气，Cinyee Chiu选择了一只浣熊——一种长着浓密毛发的小动物。她在浣熊身上画了白点（小圆点）来表示露水。可知，作者举了两个例子来说明Cinyee的＂24节气＂。故选A。
2. D【解析】细节理解题。根据Cinyee chse a raccn—a small animal with thick hair. Cinyee选择了一只浣熊——一种长着浓密毛发的小动物。可知，A不对；选项B的句子Start f Spring falls n abut Dec. 8. 立春大约在12月8日左右。短文中并没有提到，因此B不正确；根据原文White Dew falls n abut Sept. 8. It shws the beginning f the cl autumn.白露在9月8日左右。它显示了凉爽的秋天的开始。因此选项C. White Dew shws the end f the autumn白露表示秋末。是错误的；根据第五段的句子She drew white spts(小圆点) n the raccn t shw dew. 她在浣熊身上画了白点（小圆点）来表示露水。可知，Cinyee使用白点来显示露水。因此本题正确的答案为D。
3. D【解析】细节理解题。题干问哪一幅图不可能来自Cinyee的24 节气。根据Cinyee turned each slar term int an animal. Cinyee可知，Cinyee把每个节气都变成了一种动物。而图片D是＂画了一只鸟的立春图＂，是挂历性质的一幅图片，所以该选项不可能来自于Cinyee的24 节气。故选D。
4. C【解析】主旨大意题。根据Amng them, ＂24 Slar Terms(节气)＂ is the mst ppular. 其中，＂24节气＂最受欢迎。以及下文的两个例子，主要用来说明Cinyee是如何用动物图片来展示24个节气的。所以选C。
（二）【2019 • 浙江省温州市】
Many bjects in the universe are invisible, but they send radi waves. The radi telescpe thus appeared, and it is cnsidered ne f the greatest inventins in the twentieth century. Reber built the wrld’s first radi telescpe in 1937. Ryle and Hewish develped radi telescpe systems fr the lcatin f weak radi surces, and they shared the Nbel Prize fr Physics in 1974.
A radi telescpe is usually made up f:
One r mre antennas t cllect the radi waves. Mst antennas are made in the shape f a dish t cllect and reflect, the radi waves t the sub-reflectr, in the same way as a curved mirrr fcuses visible light t ne pint.
A receiver and amplifier t receive the radi waves frm the sub-reflectr, and make these weak radi waves strng enugh t be recrded and turned int electrnic signals. T make an amplifier sensitive enugh, it is usually cled t, very lw temperatures (e. g. as lw as -270℃）.
A recrder t keep a recrd f the electrnic signals. Mst: radi telescpes tday keep the signals t the cmputer’s memry disk fr astrnmers t analyze later.
Radi wavelengths are much lnger than thse f visible light, and the radi waves frm deep space are always weak. T catch Radi wavelengths are much lnger than thse f visible light, and the radi waves frm deep space are always weak. T catch these waves, radi telescpes usually have huge antennas. The sizes f mst antennas in use tday are arund 50 t 300 metres in diameter. The antenna f FAST in Guizhu, China, the latest and largest radi telescpe in the wrld, is 500 metres in diameter, as large as the size f 30 ftball fields.
T avid interferences, and keep the telescpes sensitive, radi telescpes are built in places where there are n human radi waves r electrnic signals. Fr example, FAST is 5 kilmetres away frm the clsest village and 25 kilmetres away frm the nearest twn.
Radi telescpes create pictures f the sky, nt in visible light, but in radi waves. This is extremely useful, because there are bjects that can’t be seen, bjects that we wuldn’t even knw withut radi telescpes.
5. Radi telescpes help cllect ___________ frm the universe
A. lightB. bjectsC. radi wavesD. visible signals
6. Mst antennas f radi telescpes are made in the shape f a dish t ___________.
A. make the antennas strng enughB. increase the number f radi waves
C. turn radi waves int electrnic signalsD. fcus radi waves n the sub-reflectr
7. The underlined wrd "interferences" in the passage refers t ___________.
A. the nises made by villagers and animals
B. the sunds frm the radis and televisins
C. the peple wh g t Guizhu t watch FAST wrk
D. the radi waves and electrnic signals frm humans
8. What have we dne with the help f radi telescpes?
A. We have received pictures f deep space.
B. We have discvered unknwn lives in the universe.
C. We have fund sme unknwn bjects in the universe.
D. We have turned the radi waves frm space int light.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了无线电天文望远镜，详细介绍了它的发明、构成、工作原理、作用等。
5. C【解析】细节理解题。根据文中的信息A radi telescpe is usually made up f：One r mre antennas t cllect the radi waves.可知，无线天文望远镜帮助收集宇宙中的无线电波，故答案选C。
6. D【解析】细节理解题。根据文中的信息Mst antennas are made in the shape f a dish t cllect and reflect, the radi waves t the sub-reflectr, in the same way as a curved mirrr fcuses visible light t ne pint.可知，大多数无线天文望远镜的天线都是碟形的，用来将无线电波聚焦在副反射器上，故答案选D。
7. D【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文and keep the telescpes sensitive, radi telescpes are built in places where there are n human radi waves r electrnic signals.可知是为了避免干扰，保持望远镜的灵敏度，无线天文电望远镜建在没有人类无线电波或电子信号的地方。所以"interferences"指的是来自人类的无线电波和电子信号，故答案选D。
8. C【解析】细节理解题。根据文中的信息This is extremely useful, because there are bjects that can’t be seen, bjects that we wuldn’t even knw withut radi telescpes.可推知，在无线天文望远镜的帮助下，我们发现了宇宙中一些未知的物体，故答案选C。
（三）【2019 • 浙江省衢州市】
The wrld has a plastics prblem. And nt just with bttles. Straws(吸管), tthbrushes, tys—all kinds f plastics are placed in landfills. There are 5 billin tns f plastic waste in the wrld. Landfills have a large part f it. By 2050, they culd have 13 billin tns.
Much f plastic rubbish finds its way int the cean. Scientists say 165 millin tns f plastic pieces are flating arund ut there. And mst plastic wn’t disappear itself. It will remain in the cean frever. Whales get caught in plastic fishing nets. Birds die because f eating plastic straws and bttle caps. It endangers cean life. Plastic rubbish even ends up in the fd we eat.
Gvernments are realizing that recycling may nt be enugh. They are taking mre actins. Thugh it is hard wrk, it is still a slvable prblem. In Britain, peple are nt allwed t use plastic bags except in hspitals. Sctland and several castal cities in the US stp peple frm using plastic straws as well. The US alne thrws away sme 500 millin plastic straws a day. That’s enugh t circle the Earth twice. ＂Saying n t a plastic straw is an easy way t make a big difference,＂ Dana Lfflin wh started said. ＂D we really want t pass n t ur children a wrld harmed by plastic?＂
Peple have fund sme tasty ways t reduce waste. A cmpany in India made the first-ever spn that peple can eat. Yu dn’t have t eat the spn. Yu can thrw it away. It decmpses(分解) in just a few days. David Edwards, a scientist at Harvard University, designed an eatable bag which can prtect the fd r drink inside. It is a delicius replacement fr plastic nes.
9. Accrding t the write, birds die because they ___________.
A. eat bttle caps and strawsB. get caught in fishing nets
C. feed n cean animalsD. have the spns in India
10. The underlined wrd "endangers " in Paragraph 2 prbably means ___________.
A. bringsB. lsesC. harmsD. saves
11. The purpse f the passage is mainly t ___________.
A. intrduce sme ways t recycle waste
B. tell readers abut the prblem with plastics
C. cmpare air pllutin and plastic pllutin
D. describe hw the US is reducing plastic waste
12. Frm the passage, we can tell that the plastics prblem ___________.
A. is t big fr peple t slveB. can be slved by recycling alne
C. can be slved, but it wn’t be easyD. will have t be slved by future scientists
【文章大意】本文讲述了关于塑料问题。塑料废料越来越多。到2050年，他们可能有130亿吨。许多塑料垃圾都能进入海洋。它危及海洋生物。塑料垃圾甚至最终会进入我们吃的食物中。各国政府正正在采取更多的行动。塑料问题是可以解决，但不容易。
9. A【解析】题意：据报道，鸟类死亡是因为__________。考查细节理解。根据第2段第6句Birds die because f eating plastic straws and bttle caps.（鸟死于吃塑料吸管和瓶盖。）可知＂鸟类死亡是因为鸟吃塑料吸管和瓶盖＂；故选A。
10. C【解析】题意：第2段中下画线单词＂endangers＂可能意思是__________。考查词义猜测。A. brings带来；B. lses失去；C. harms伤害；D. saves拯救。根据上文Whales get caught in plastic fishing nets. Birds die because f eating plastic straws and bttle caps.（鲸鱼被塑料渔网捕获。鸟死于吃塑料吸管和瓶盖。）描述可知＂此句It endangers cean life.句意是：它危害海洋生物。＂根据句意可知＂endangers＂可能意思是＂harms＂；选C。
11. B【解析】题意：这篇文章的目的主要是__________。考查主旨理解。本文讲述了关于塑料问题。根据本文主要内容可知这篇文章的目的主要是告诉读者塑料的问题；故选B。
12. C【解析】题意：从文章中我们可以看出塑料问题__________。考查主旨理解。根据第3段第3句Thugh it is hard wrk, it is still a slvable prblem.（虽然工作很辛苦，但仍然是一个可以解决的问题。）可知从文章中我们可以看出塑料问题可以解决，但不容易；故选C。
（四）【2019 • 四川省广安市】
Artificial intelligence(AI)(人工智能)is the ability f a cmputer prgram r a machine. The cmputer r the machine with AI can think and learn. It is als a field f study that tries t make cmputers "smart". Jhn McCarthy, a scientist, came up with(提出)the name "artificial intelligence" ver 60 years ag. Many things such as learning and prblem slving can be dne by cmputers, thugh nt in the same way as peple d.
An unusual gal f AI research is t create cmputer prgrams. They can learn, slve prblems, and think lgically(逻辑地）. At present, Al can successfully understanding human speech, recgnizie (识别）human faces, perate self-driving cars and cmpete in sme game systems like playing Chess. Hwever, sme peple als cnsider(认为）AI a danger t humans if it develps t quickly. A famus British scientist als was nt fr this kind f technlgy.
Math is the basic language f AI. If students are gd at math, they will be mre likely t becme successful AI designers(设计者）in the future. We need nt nly bright students, but als average(普通的）students. As fr(对于）average students, if they get enugh math skills, they can als becme successful AI designers. Besides, a gd knwledge f cmputer science is als necessary fr AI designing.
Scientists hpe t create creative(有创造力）and emtinal (有感情的）AI. The AI can pssibly understand human feelings r create art. Many ways and tls have been tried t discver this wide and exciting field.
13. Frm Paragraph 1, we knw that ___________.
A. all prblems can be slved by cmputers
B. machines with AI can think and learn
C. AI has been arund fr nly 60 years
D. AI wrks in the same way as peple
14. Accrding t the passage, what can’t AI d at present?
A. Understand human speech.B. Operate self-driving cars.
C. Cmpete in sme game systems.D. Understand human feelings.
15. The underlined wrd＂it＂in Paragraph 2 refers t(指的是）___________.
A. chessB. a scientistC. the dangerD. AI
16. Accrding t the passage, if students want t becme successful AI designers, they shuld learn ___________ well.
A. math and artB. art and technlgy
C. math and cmputer scienceD. art and cmputer science
17. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us the scientist ___________ abut AI.
A. wishesB. wrriesC. feelingsD. discveries
【文章大意】人工智能是电脑程序或者机器可以学习和思考的一种能力，这方面的研究目的在于创造出能学习、解决问题和思考的电脑程序。本文简单介绍了人工智能，并表示科学家们正在这个领域努力研究。
13. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第二句Artificial intelligence(AI)(人工智能)is the ability f a cmputer prgram r a machine. The cmputer r the machine with AI can think and learn. 人工智能是计算机程序或机器的能力。计算机或具有人工智能的机器可以思考和学习。可知，故选B。
14. D【解析】细节理解题。根据At present, Al can successfully understanding human speech, recgnizie (识别）human faces, perate self-driving cars and cmpete in sme game systems like playing Chess. 目前，艾尔能够成功地理解人类的语言，识别（识别）人类的面孔，操作自动驾驶的汽车，并在一些游戏系统（如下棋）中进行竞争。可知，故选D。
15. D【解析】代词指代题。根据上文的Sme peple als cnsider(认为）AI a danger t humans有些人还认为人工智能对人类是一种危险。可知，it指的是AI，如果人工智能发展迅速的话，它对人类是一种危险。故选D。
16. C【解析】推理判断题。根据文中We need nt nly bright students, but als average(普通的）students. As fr(对于）average students, if they get enugh math skills, they can als becme successful AI designers. Besides, a gd knwledge f cmputer science is als necessary fr AI designing. 我们不仅需要聪明的学生，也需要普通的学生。至于普通的学生，如果他们有足够的数学技能，他们也可以成为成功的人工智能设计师。此外，对于人工智能设计来说，良好的计算机科学知识也是必不可少的。可知，故选C。
17. A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段Scientists hpe t create creative(有创造力）and emtinal (有感情的）AI. The AI can pssibly understand human feelings r create art. Many ways and tls have been tried t discver this wide and exciting field. 科学家们希望创造出有创造力和情感的人工智能。人工智能可能理解人类的感受或创造艺术。许多方法和工具都试图发现这个广阔而令人兴奋的领域。可知，故选A。
【点睛】
阅读理解一般考查学生的细节理解能力、主旨理解能力和推理判断能力。做阅读理解题，首先要准确理解题意，然后根据题意和短文内容选出正确的答案。（1）考查细节理解能力，此类型题较简单，学生准确理解题意后，直接到文中找出答案。（2）考查猜词能力。做这种题型时，学生要根据上下文意思准确猜出词义。3）考查推理判断能力，此类题型较难，学生要准确理解题意后，在文中找出相关的内容做出合理的推断。本文主要考查学生的细节理解能力。准确理解题意后，到文中找出相关的叙述，做出正确的判断。
（五）【2019 • 安徽省中考】
The wrld uses abut a thusand millin(百万) tns f water a day. Water is a human right and everyne shuld have their share. Yet mre than 700 millin peple arund the wrld have truble getting clean, safe water.
Treating wastewater is a gd way t prvide fresh water fr us. And it als helps the envirnment by keeping waste ut f rivers and ceans. 80% f wastewater arund the wrld is nt treated at all, and it is running int ceans. But nw we have gt the technlgy t treat and reuse the wastewater.
While 75% f ur planet is cvered with water, nly abut 2% is fresh water—that cmes frm rivers, lakes, ice and snw. The rest, 98% f the water, is in seas and ceans. It is t salty t drink. Then desalinatin businesses cme in. Mre than 19,000 factries have been built arund the wrld, mstly in castal cuntries. They prcess (加工) mre than 92 millin tns f water every day. But the technlgy they use requires a lt f energy.
Scientists are wrking t create a less cstly technlgy. They want t prduce 20 times mre clean water and make sure everyne has enugh. But fr nw, the wrld still faces each day with nt having enugh water fr everyne.
18. Hw many peple have truble in getting clean water arund the wrld?
A. Under 10 millin.B. Only 19 millin.
C. Abut 92 millin.D. Over 700 millin.
19. Treating wastewater helps the envirnment by ___________.
A. string waste in ice and snwB. letting waste run int ceans
C. keeping waste ut f rivers and ceansD. sending waste t castal cuntries
20. What des the underlined wrd "desalinatin" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. 远洋运输B. 潮汐发电C. 食盐销售D. 海水淡化
21. At present, the technlgy t prcess water ___________.
A. needs much energyB. saves much mney
C. satisfies everyneD. causes pllutin
22. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Water shuld be a human right.B. The water prblem is still serius.
C. Our planet is cvered with water.D. Everyne has enugh clean water.
【文章大意】＂水是生命之源＂，我们的生活离不开水。但地球上的水资源是有限的，全世界很多地方的人们仍然没有办法获得干净、安全的水。现在我们有了一项新的技术，可以处理和再利用废水，但它需要大量的能源，因此科学家们正在努力创造一种成本更低的技术。
18. D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第一段最后一句话Yet mre than 700 millin peple arund the wrld have truble getting clean, safe water.可知，有超过7亿人在获得清洁、安全的水方面存在困难。由此可知应选D。
19. C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第二段Treating wastewater is a gd way t prvide fresh water fr us. And it als helps the envirnment by keeping waste ut f rivers and ceans.可知，处理废水可以使废物远离河流和海洋，从而有利于保护环境。由此可知应选C。
20. D【解析】词义猜测题。根据单词所在的上下文语境The rest, 98% f the water, is in seas and ceans. It is t salty t drink. Then desalinatin businesses cme in.，地球上98%的水在海洋里，是咸水不能喝，然后下文Mre than 19,000 factries have been built arund the wrld提到了很多处理海水的工厂。由此可推测desalinatin的意思应该是＂海水淡化＂，故应选D。
21. A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第三段最后一句话But the technlgy they use requires a lt f energy.可知，现在处理海水的技术需要大量的能量。由此可知应选A。
22. B【解析】推理判断题。根据短文最后一句话But fr nw, the wrld still faces each day with nt having enugh water fr everyne.可知，现在，世界每天仍然面临着没有足够的水供每个人使用。由此可知现在水问题仍然非常严重，故应选B。
（六）【2019 • 山东省青岛市】
Wind pwer is a very clean surce f energy. This is hw wind pwer wrks. Wind makes windmills spin (旋转). When the windmills spin, they make electricity. Then we can use the electricity. A lt f peple think that wind pwer is new, but that’s nt true. Fr thusands f years, peple have used wind t sail bats and mve water. We still d thse things tday, but these days we mstly use wind pwer t make electricity.
Wind pwer is a very ppular surce f energy. Mst peple think that we shuld use it mre and mre. First f all, it’s clean. Windmills dn’t pllute the envirnment at all. Secnd, we can use wind pwer frever. After all, we will always have wind. Als, wind pwer is cheap, and it’s getting even cheaper.
A lt f peple dn’t understand wind pwer very well. They believe that there are prblems with wind pwer, but many f thse prblems are nt real. Fr example, sme peple say that windmills are dangerus fr birds. They used t be true, but it isn’t true anymre. Old windmills killed birds because they spun very fast. New windmills spin slwly, and they aren’t dangerus fr birds.
Hwever, there are real prblems with windmills. One prblem is that many peple think windmills are very ugly. This is a prblem fr peple, because windmills are ften in very pretty areas. Als, wind desn’t blw all the time, s we can’t use wind pwer all the time. Finally, windmills are nisy.
Wind pwer is becming mre and mre cmmn. Right nw, mre than 80 cuntries use wind pwer. Abut 2.5 percent f the wrld’s pwer cmes frm the wind. Fr sme cuntries, that number is a lt higher. Wind pwer gives Denmark mre than 25 percent f its electricity.
23. Why DON’T new windmills kill birds? Because ___________.
A. birds dn’t fly near themB. they spin slwly
C. they are shrter than ld windmillsD. new windmills dn’t spin
24. When did peple start using wind pwer?
A. Abut 25 years ag.B. Abut 80 years ag.
C. Abut 500 years ag.D. Over 1,000 years ag.
25. ___________, s we CAN’T use wind pwer all the time.
A. Windmills break all the timeB. We can’t use windmills at night
C. Windmills are t expensive t use all the timeD. Wind desn’t blw all the time
26. What des the article say abut wind pwer?
A. Mst peple dn’t like it.B. It’s getting cheaper.
C. Denmark desn’t use it.D. It’s getting mre expensive.
27. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. Expensive WindmillsB. Cheap and Clean Energy
C. Ppular and Clean Wind PwerD. Dangerus Birds
【文章大意】短文介绍了人类对风能的利用。过去风能主要使用于海上航行和水利灌溉，而现在主要用风力发电。风能是一种非常清洁的能源。也是一种非常流行的能源。还介绍了风车一些弊端。风力发电越来越普遍，目前，80多个国家使用风力发电。世界上约2.5%的电力来自风能。
23. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子＂Old windmills killed birds because they spun very fast. New windmills spin slwly, and they aren’t dangerus fr birds.＂ 旧风车杀死鸟是因为它们旋转得很快。新的风车旋转缓慢，对鸟类来说并不危险。故答案为B。
24. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的句子＂Fr thusands f years, peple have used wind t sail bats and mve water.＂几千年来，人们借助风帆来航行和通过风车来灌溉。因此借助风力至少有一千多年的历史，答案是D。
25. D【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的句子＂Als, wind desn’t blw all the time, s we can’t use wind pwer all the time.＂风不会一直吹，所以我们不能一直使用风力。故答案为D。
26. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子＂Wind pwer is a very ppular surce f energy.＂可知，风能是一种非常流行的能源，A选项错误；根据第二段中的句子＂Als, wind pwer is cheap, and it’s getting even cheaper.＂可知风能很便宜，而且越来越便宜。B选项正确，D选项错误；根据最后一句＂Wind pwer gives Denmark mre than 25 percent f its electricity.＂风力发电为丹麦提供了超过25%的电力。C选项错误。故答案选B。
27. C【解析】标题归纳题。短文介绍了人类对风能的利用。风能是一种非常清洁的能源，也是一种非常流行的能源。故答案为C。
【点睛】
标题归纳题是阅读理解中常见的一个题型，这类题主要是测试学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。这类题通常围绕一个中心思想展开，一些文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想，第一段常常是内容的梗概，同时又表达了中心思想，也有一些文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就要求学生学会归纳概括。每个段落往往也由一个主题句或几个陈述句构成，它们在句中的位置不同，有时在开头，首先点明本段大意，有时在结尾，总结本段大意。例如第5小题，文章的中心思想贯穿一二段的开头，风能是一种非常清洁的能源。也是一种非常流行的能源。故答案为C。
（七）【2019 • 江苏省宿迁市】
Technlgy is develping fast and it has becme an imprtant part f ur life. Then what will the wrld be like in the future?
3-D fd will be bth delicius and nutritius(有营养的). We can use 3-D printers t print sme basic materials. ① And we can g further. Scientists believe that we just need t turn n a printer in the kitchen and then we can enjy ur favurite fd whenever we like.
② 5G netwrk will allw many mre peple t get infrmatin. Big cmpanies like China Mbile and China Unicm will start t ffer 5G. It is said that prmises dwnlad speeds 10 t 20 times faster than 4G. Fr example, we can dwnlad a film within just 1 secnd. But with a 4G netwrk, it takes a few minutes. There will be much bandwidth(带宽) and we can get unlimited(无限的) infrmatin.
Underwater cities will prvide mre space. The earth is becming mre and mre crwded. We may turn t underwater hmes, which will be built as lw as 15 f the sea can be used t prvide pwer fr the hmes.
③ Fr us cmmn peple n the earth, the dream f travelling arund space will cme true. In the cming years, spacecraft will be as ppular as buses, trains and planes. We can leave ur hme and enter space t take an adventure (冒险). And even we will get used t living there.
A rbt will be a part f life. Rbts can d many f the same things as we humans d like driving cars. But they will be used in ther areas as well. They will be able t think. They can tell the difference between right and wrng. They can feel ④ In a wrd, just as Jules Verne said, ＂Anything ne man can imagine, ther men can make real.＂
28. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing statements abut the future wrld is TRUE?
A. 3-D fd will be easy t make but wn’t taste gd.
B. With 5G, users will get nly a little infrmatin.
C. Underwater cities will prvide mre living space.
D. A rbt will d everything fr us as human beings.
29. Where can the sentence ＂Space tur will be a piece f cake.＂ Be put?
A. ①B. ②C. ③D. ④
30. What can we infer(推断) frm the passage?
A. peple will live a hard life in the future.
B. Technlgy will make ur future better.
C. Peple will have n real friend in the future.
D. Technlgy will make n difference t ur future.
31. Where des the passage prbably cme frm?
A. A strybk.B. A film pster.
C. A travel guide.D. A science magazine.
【文章大意】本文是科普文，从3D食物美味又营养、5G网络将使更多的人获得信息、水下城市将提供更多的空间、太空旅行梦想成真和机器人将成为生活的一部分五个方面，介绍了科技将使我们的未来生活更美好。
28. C【解析】题意：根据短文，下列哪个关于未来世界的陈述是正确的?考查细节理解。A. 3D食物制作起来很容易，但味道不会很好。B. 有了5G，用户只会得到很少的信息。C. 水下城市将提供更多的生活空间。D. 机器人会为我们人类做任何事情。A、B、D三项叙述与短文不符，根据第4段首句Underwater cities will prvide mre space.可知选C。
29. C【解析】题意：＂Space tur will be a piece f cake＂这句话能放在哪里呢？考查综合理解。根据Fr us cmmn peple n the earth, the dream f travelling arund space will cme true.可知本段介绍的是太空旅游，Space tur will be a piece f cake（太空游将是小菜一碟）符合段意，故选C。
30. B【解析】题意：我们能从这篇文章中推断出什么?考查细节判断。根据短文第2/3/4/5各段所介绍的未来生活的便利，可知科技将使我们的未来生活更美好，Technlgy will make ur future better.符合文意，故选B。
31. D【解析】题意：这篇文章可能来自哪里?考查来源判断。A. 一个故事书。B. 一张电影海报。C. 旅游指南。D. 一本科学杂志。根据Technlgy is develping fast and it has becme an imprtant part f ur life. Then what will the wrld be like in the future?可知本文应该来自科学杂志，故选D。
（八）【2019 • 山东省滨州市】

On April 19th, a pttery(陶器) exhibitin was held at Wuhan Optical Experimental Valley Schl. Many pieces f pttery in different sizes were shwn at the schl. Sme were a bit brken, but all f them were beautiful wrks f art created by the students.
At the end f last year, the schl started a prject that called n teachers t cllect disused r brken pieces f pttery frm the cuntryside. S far, they have cllected abut 3,000 pieces.
"Pttery used t play an imprtant rle in the daily lives f Chinese peple." schl head Ma Guxin tld the reprter. "By pttery painting, the students can imprve themselves in many ways. They can better understand the histry f the pttery, put their creativity int the pttery and shw the lve fr life and beauty. "
Students turned the pttery int different wrks f art .They were all encuraged t paint pictures n the pttery, even thugh sme students didn’t knw hw t paint. Wang Zixuan, a student frm Grade Eight, with little knwledge f painting, painted a beautiful night scenery n a piece f pttery. It was s nice that many students lved it.
Almst every classrm has clured pieces f pttery. They are either used as flwerpts r pen cntainers（笔筒）. The schl has als set up several art crners t shw the pttery. Fr example, the students have put up sme pttery n bkcases utside f a lecture hall（报告厅） It has becme an enjyable place fr students t rest and read.
32. On April 19th, a ___________ exhibitin was held at Wuhan Optical Valley Experiment Schl.
A. flwerB. filmC. ptteryD. cstume
33. Accrding t the passage, ___________ were encuraged t paint the pttery.
A. the students wh painted very well
B. the students wh gt gd grades
C. the students wh didn’t knw hw t paint
D. all the students in the schl
34. By pttery painting, the students can imprve themselves in many ways EXCEPT ___________.
A. knwing hw t cllect pttery
B. better understanding the histry f the pttery
C. putting their creativity int the pttery
D. shwing the lve fr life and beauty
35. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. The schl has cllected abut 2,000 pieces f pttery s far.
B. Wang Zixuan was a student frm Grade Seven.
C. We can’t find any clured pttery in their classrms.
D. The students enjy resting and reading at the art crners.
36. In which part f a newspaper can we read the passage?
A. Sprts news.B. Traditinal art.
C. Healthy living.D. Ppular music.
【文章大意】本文是新闻类阅读，报道了武汉光谷实验学校举办的陶艺作品展，介绍了老旧陶器如何在学生手中变身艺术品和陶艺绘画的作用以及对学生学习的重要影响。
32. C【解析】题意：4月19日，武汉光谷实验学校举办了陶艺展。考查细节理解。根据开头On April 19th, a pttery exhibitin was held at Wuhan Optical Experimental Valley Schl.可知选C。
33. D【解析】题意：根据这篇文章，学校鼓励所有的学生画陶器。考查细节理解。根据Students turned the pttery int different wrks f art .They were all encuraged t paint pictures n the pttery, even thugh sme students didn’t knw hw t paint.可知学校鼓励所有的学生画陶器，故选D。
34. A【解析】题意：除题意：除了_________，学生们可以通过陶艺绘画在许多方面提高自己。考查细节判断。A. 学习如何收集陶器；B. 更好地了解陶器的历史；C. 把他们的创造力注入陶器；D. 表现出对生命和美的热爱。根据By pttery painting, the students can imprve themselves in many ways. They can better understand the histry f the pttery, put their creativity int the pttery and shw the lve fr life and beauty.学生们可以通过陶艺绘画更好地了解陶器的历史，把自己的创造力融入到陶器中，表现出对生命和美的热爱，可知BCD三项说法正确；knwing hw t cllect pttery（了解如何收集陶器）没有提及，说法错误，故选A。
35. D【解析】题意：根据短文，下列哪个选项是正确的?考查细节判断。A. 到目前为止，学校已经收集了大约2000件陶器；根据S far, they have cllected abut 3,000 pieces.可知说法错误。B. 王子轩是一名七年级的学生；根据Wang Zixuan, a student frm Grade Eight,可知说法错误。C. 我们在他们的教室里找不到任何彩陶；根据Almst every classrm has clured pieces f pttery.可知说法错误。D. 学生们喜欢在艺术角休息和阅读；根据The schl has als set up several art crners t shw the pttery. Fr example, the students have put up sme pttery n bkcases utside f a lecture hall. It has becme an enjyable place fr students t rest and read.可知说法正确。综合以上分析，故选D。
36. B【解析】题意：我们可以在报纸的哪个部分读到这篇文章?考查来源判断。A. 体育新闻。B. 传统艺术。C. 健康生活。D. 流行音乐。根据Many pieces f pttery in different sizes were shwn at the schl. Sme were a bit brken, but all f them were beautiful wrks f art created by the students.可知陶艺作品是艺术品，故选B。
（九）【2019 • 重庆市中考】
Mre than 330 millin visitrs are expected t take part in the 19th Natinal Science and Technlgy Week in China frm May 19 t 26.
During the science week, pen days will be held t let peple experience hw science and technlgy have imprved ur live. Arund 50,000 scientists will enter schls and villages t educate and wrk tgether with lcal peple.
The science week this is a big ne because it will shw China’s recent scientific achievements. And this year China will celebrate its 70th birthday. It’s an imprtant year fr the purpse f building a well-ff sciety(小康社会) by 2020. Since there are still sme pr areas in China, science and technlgy will be very helpful in their develpment.
Reaching ut t the wrld is als a best part f this year. Expert(专家) frm 13 cuntries within the Belt and Rad(一带一路) will take part in the science week and they will als wrk with the public.
37. The 19th Natinal Science and Technlgy Week will start n ___________ in China.
A. May 19B. May 20C. May 25D. May 26
38. Many scientists will enter schl and villages t ___________.
A. sell the latest prducts t lcal peple
B. learn mre abut the lcal envirnment
C. cllect mney fr their scientific research
D. educate and wrk tgether with lcal peple
39. Accrding t the passage, the science week this year will ___________.
A. send scientists ut t the wrldB. shw China’s recent scientific achievements
C. see new schls built in villageD. imprve the scial abilities f Chinese peple
40. This passage is mst prbably ___________.
A. a piece f newsB. a piece f adviceC. a stryD. a letter
【文章大意】短文介绍了第19届中国科技周，届时将有超过3.3亿游客参加。在科学周期间，将举行开放日，让人们体验科学和技术如何改善我们的生活。将展示中国最近的科学成就。来自13个国家的专家们将参加科技周，他们也将与公众一起工作。
37. A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文开头的句子＂Mre than 330 millin visitrs are expected t take part in the 19th Natinal Science and Technlgy Week in China frm May 19 t 26.＂可知，第19届中国科技周于5月19日开始，故答案为A。
38. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子＂Arund 50,000 scientists will enter schls and villages t educate and wrk tgether with lcal peple.＂大约5万名科学家将进入学校和村庄，与当地人一起教育和工作。故答案为D。
39. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子＂The science week this is a big ne because it will shw China’s recent scientific achievements.＂可知，今年的科技周将展示中国最近的科学成就。故答案为B。
40. A【解析】推理判断题。短文向我们介绍了第19届中国科技周的举办时间，活动内容，来自一带一路13个国家的专家们也将参加本届科技周。由此判断这段文章很可能是一则新闻，故答案为A。Imagine yu are in a new city. Yu ask smene hw t get t a bkstre. They tell yu t g straight, turn left, and yu will find it n yur left. In fact, yu can als find yur way with a phne. Nw imagine yu are in an utdr game. Yu nly have a map and a cmpass, and instead f running dwn a city rad, yu may need t run arund in the wds, climb ver rcks and g up and dwn hills. Welcme t rienteering!
In the game f rienteering, players use a map and a cmpass t find statins. These statins are called cntrls. A special flag, usually in bright clurs, marks each cntrl. Cntrls are nt easy t find. They may be in frnt f a big rck r behind a tree. In mst f the games, yu’ll have t find cntrls in numbered rder, but in sme games yu can change the rder.
At each cntrl, players mark a card they carry with them and the card will be marked in different ways ( See Figure 1 ). The cards are very imprtant because players must find all the cntrls t win. If smene misses a cntrl, they wn’t have that mark n their cards. They might crss the finish line first, but the next persn t finish with a full card will win the game.
Orienteering Cntrl Card
Culture Nte: The first cmpass was invented by ancient Chinese peple. It helps yu find yur way by always pinting t the Nrth.
Name
Start time
Curse
Age
Class
Finish time
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Figure 1
Three River-Surce Natinal Park n the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau（青藏高原）, is the largest natinal park in China. Because it is hme t the surces f the Yangtze, Yellw and Lancang rivers, peple call it “China’s water twer”.
Nrtheast China Tiger and Lepard（豹）Natinal Park is in Heilngjiang and Jilin prvinces. It cvers an area f 14,100 square kilmetres. It is ur cuntry’s biggest and nly place fr wild Siberian tigers and Amur lepards t live in.
Wuyi Muntain Natinal Park in Fujian Prvince is a UNESCO natural and cultural heritage site（遗址）. The frest makes up ver 96 percent f the park. The park is the paradise f birds, kingdm（王国）f snakes and wrld f insects. Yu can als see the Danxia landfrm（地貌）there.
Giant Panda Natinal Park cnnects panda habitats（栖息地）in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu prvinces. Inside the park are mre than 1,600 wild gian1 pandas. They make up ver 70 percent f the pandas in China.
Hainan Trpical（热带的）Rainfrest Natinal Park is the largest trpical frest in China. There are mre than 400 kinds f plants that can nly be fund in Hainan. The wrld’s nly 35 Hainan gibbns（长臂猿）live there.
·If yu and yur friend like t eat ut, first yu pay and the ther pays the next time. Yu are alternating paying.
·If yu g t the mvies n alternate Saturdays, yu g n ne Saturday, but nt the ther Saturday.
·If yu have n alternative, yu have n ther chice.
If yu’ve tried and have nt wn,
Never stp fr crying;
All that’s great and gd is dne
Just by patient trying.
Thugh yung birds, in flying, fall,
Still their wings grw strnger;
And the next time they can keep
Up a little lnger.
Thugh the strng tree has knwn
Many blws f strmy winds,
She has risen again, and grwn
Higher and pruder.
If by easy wrk yu beat,
Wh the mre will prize yu?
Gaining success frm defeat-
That’s the test that tries yu!
Here, yu can cme and g as yu please.
___①___
Here, cars are manufactured, as well as happiness. Here, we pen the dr tward the future by upgrading industries.
Here, agriculture is abut scientific cultivatin, and als fr turism and educatin.
____②___
Here, we live in harmny with nature.
____③__
Here, the spirit f the Irn Army is remembered and carried frward.
____④___
Here, a mdern city is being built and enriched with passin.
Here, braden yur hrizn and pen yur heart.
Welcme t Yancheng!
Live-streamers
He Wei
Wu Ming
Mei Ping
Items
Time
8:30 a.m. —10:00 a.m.
2:00 p.m.—4:00 p.m.
7:00 p.m.—8:30 p.m.
Live-streaming Rms 直播间
Prices
¥150 each ¥280 fr tw
¥800 fr 1 kil
¥1999
Intrductins
·made f Xinjiang cttn
·sizes: XS, S, M,L, XL
·prduced in Yunnan
·made by hand
·wifi cnnectin
·dry and wet
separatin （干湿分离）
TECH& LIFE
MEMORY HELPER
A talented yung team frm Ireland, the creatrs f Memry Helper, develped this supprt app (应用软件) fr peple with dementia (痴呆). And they wn the final at the 2020 cmpetitin, standing ut amng 5,400 students frm 62 cuntries, Mars Times reprted.
Last year, Laura, Aarn and Vicky put their heads tgether fr Technvatin Kids(TK), an internatinal cmpetitin that encurages teenagers t create an app that slves a cmmunity prblem.
The inspiratin fr their prject came frm their teacher's mther, wh had dementia and died earlier this year.
T cmplete their prject, the three designed an app t supprt bth peple with dementia and their caregivers. The app slves sme cmmn prblems cnnected with dementia like lss(失去) f memry.
“We hpe that ur app can reach millins f peple wh have dementia and just make their lives kind f easier, ” Laura said.
Can it be recycled?
Types f Plastic
√

Pet This is the plastic that yu ften see n supermarket shelves! It’s used t make plastic water bttles and biscuit bxes.
√

HDPE
HDPE is a strnger type f plastic. It is what milk bttles are made f.
×

LDPE
LDPE is a very sft plastic which is nt easily brken. It is what shpping bags are made f.
×
PS (POLYSTYRENE]
This plastic is ften seen in ur daily life. Yu’ll prbably have seen it as thse cheap white cups yu get ht drinks in, r as takeaway fd packaging.
Alleyn’s Schl
Twnley Rad, Dulwich, UK
ffice@
Welcme t Alleyn’s Schl. Our schl is big and it has 600 students aged 13—15. Hwever, it nly had 100 students and fur teachers when it was pen n September 10th, 1961.
Main Teaching Building
The schl has a huge yard and next t it is the main teaching building. The building has tw flrs, with six classrms n each. In each classrm there is a cmputer, an verhead prjectr, and a smart white bard. It als has a small reading area with different kinds f bks ffered by the students.
Library
Our schl library is used fr all the reading classes weekly. The members f the reading club can meet here and d sme reading after schl.
Schl Hall
We have a fantastic schl hall. It is used fr gym, meetings and having lunch. It is the place where we hld many events, such as schl plays, cncerts, indr games and s n.
Other rms
We have a well-equipped music rm fr music lessns, a cmputer rm f thirty-tw cmputers and a large staffrm fr teachers t have a rest during lunch lime.
Musical rad
In Japan, there are rads that play music as cars travel ver them. Grves（沟）are carefully cut int the surface f the rad. The spaces between the grves make different music as cars tuch them. The clser the grves are, the luder the music will be..
Bicycle in the tree
On Vashn Island, Washingtn, a bike is seen high up in a tree. The bike is nt hanging n a branch（树枝）—it is fixed in the tree and the tree has cntinued grwing upwards. The tree grws arund the bike instead f pushing it ver, making it part f its grwth.
Undergrund city
In Cappadcia, Turkey, a man kncked dwn a wall f his hme and discvered a huge undergrund city. It has many tunnels（隧道）, rms and wells. Thusands f shafts（通风井）bring air t even the deepest levels. The city is huge enugh fr 200 peple and their animals t live in.
Build fr yurself a strng bx.
Build each part with care;
When it strng as yur hand can make it,
Put all yur trubles there.
Hide there all thught f yur failures.
And each pain that yu take;
Lck all yur heartaches in it,
Then sit n the lid（盖子）and laugh
Tell n ne else what’s inside,
Never share its secrets;
When yu’ve drpped in yur care and wrry,
Keep them fr ever there.
Hide them frm sight（视野）s cmpletely
That the wrld will never dream half;
Cver the strng bx safely,
Then sit n the lid and laugh.
PUBLIC SPACE
Public spaces are scial spaces fr everyne t get tgether. They belng t everyne. But wait! Befre yu camp in yur lcal park r thrw a party at a library, remember that there are rules. The rules are set t keep these spaces clean and safe.
PRIVATE SPACE
A private space is fr ur wn. We all like spaces that need hmes, where we can relax and stay alne. We are nt allwed t enter a private space freely.
PERSONAL SPACE
This is the space where we sit and stand. Everyne feels different abut their persnal spaces. Peple may feel uncmfrtable r angry when smene they dn’t knw gets t clse.
virus 病毒 mammal 哺乳动物 respiratry 呼吸的 infectin 感染
transmit 传染 case 病例 diagnse 诊断 cure 治愈 ccur 发生
cntact 接触
instantly 立刻 balance 平衡 fcus 集中 hydrated 含水的
calrie 热量 filter 过滤 kidney 肾脏 skin 皮肤 grateful 感激
blessing 福分 appreciate 感激
debt 债 we 欠 feast 宴会 philsphy 哲学
illustrate 插图 design 设计 enthusiasm 热情 ambiance 气氛
virus 病毒 mammal 哺乳动物 respiratry 呼吸的 infectin 感染
transmit 传染 case 病例 diagnse 诊断 cure 治愈 ccur 发生
cntact 接触
instantly 立刻 balance 平衡 fcus 集中 hydrated 含水的
calrie 热量 filter 过滤 kidney 肾脏 skin 皮肤 grateful 感激
blessing 福分 appreciate 感激
debt 债 we 欠 feast 宴会 philsphy 哲学
illustrate 插图 design 设计 enthusiasm 热情 ambiance 气氛
Du Fu
Happy Rain n a Spring Night
Gd rain knws its time right; O'er wild lanes dark clud spreads;
It will fall when cmes spring. In bat a lantern lms.
With wind it steals in night; Dawn sees saturated reds;
Mute, it mistens each thing. The twn's heavy with blms.
Translated by Xu Yuanchng