辽宁省名校联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期3月联合考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

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本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What is the wman weak in?
A．Rller skating. B．Bating. C．Swimming.
2．Hw des the wman feel abut finding a jb?
A．Cheerful. B．Cnfident. C．Wrried.
3．Where des the cnversatin mst prbably take place?
A．In a hspital. B．In a htel. C．In a library.
4．What are the speakers talking abut?
A．A theatre. B．A vilinist. C．A mvie.
5．Why is the wman upset?
A．She is wrried abut the maths test.
B．She didn’t prepare the maths test.
C．She failed the maths test.
第二节（共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What des the wman think f the man’s news?
A．Surprising. B．Enjyable. C．Disappinting.
7．Wh made the man decide t quit the team? .
A．His teammates. B．He himself. C．His father.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What des the man suggest the wman d first?
A．Search fr the reprt. B．Tidy her rm. C．Hide the truth.
9．Where des the wman find the reprt?
A．On the desk. B．On the bkshelf. C．On the flr.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Why desn’t the wman want t jin a phtgraphy club?
A．She desn’t have a camera. B．She thinks it t expensive. C．She prefers t take phts alne.
11．What des the man say abut the yga club?
A．The number f the members is small.
B．Mre and mre peple are jining it.
C．It lasts fr a few weeks every term.
12．What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A．What t d in a club. B．Hw t jin a club. C．Which club t jin.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What is “Peple Yu Meet”?
A．A radi prgramme. B．An ffice party. C．A training curse.
14．Hw many peple des Mark’s ffice receive every year?
A．100,000. B．200,000. C．500,00.
15．What d we knw abut Mark?
A．He is a team leader. B．He was brn in Lndn. C．He speaks thirteen languages.
16．What d Mark and his c-wrkers usually d t help peple?
A．Shw them arund. B．Plan turs fr them. C．Teach them English.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What is the speaker mst likely t be?
A．A hst. B．A tur guide. C．A teacher.
18．What can peple d in the learning centres?
A．Perfrm scientific experiments. B．See varius creatures. C．Learn abut 3-D cinemas.
19．What des the speaker remind peple t d?
A．Buy a brchure. B．Wear cmfrtable shes. C．Bk the tickets nline in advance.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Chinese Dual Language Immersin Prgram (CDLIP)
What is Dual Language Immersin?
Dual language immersin prvides academic instructin in tw languages. The Pasadena Unified Schl District currently ffers a Chinese-English immersin prgram.
Why Chse the CDLIP?
Learning a secnd language awakens curisity and respect fr ther natins and their cultures. Chinese is nt nly a rich language with a lng literary traditin, but it has als emerged as an influential wrldwide language. Our CDLIP prmtes crss- cultural sensitivity, s that students can learn abut the glbalized wrld. Fr native Chinese speakers, ur prgram ensures full develpment and mastery f English language arts while helping them becme mre fluent in their mther tngue.
Our Classrms
The CDLIP serves primary schl students, frm kindergarten thrugh secnd grade. Grades 3, 4 and 5 will be added in September f 2022, 2023 and 2024, respectively. The prgram is currently lcated at Luther Burbank Primary Schl. On any given day, yu might find a classrm full f kindergartners cunting and srting cins, first graders singing “The Mre We Get Tgether”, r secnd graders describing physics experiments—all in Chinese!
Hw Des the Prgram Wrk?
CDLIP classrms cmbine native and nn- native speakers s that all students may succeed in bth Chinese and English. We apply a Tw Way 90:10 Mdel. In kindergarten, 90% f the day’s instructin is in Chinese and 10% is devted t imprving English ral language and the ability t read and write. As children prgress thrugh grade levels, the percentage f English instructin gradually increases, finally achieving a 50:50 split by fifth grade.
T Register Yur Child
Language learning is a lng-term prcess, s parents are asked t register their children fr the full six years.
●Register nline at between June 13 and 23.
●The prgram is free, supprted by the Pasadena Unified Schl District.
●Fr kindergarten, n knwledge f Chinese is necessary. (Sme knwledge f Chinese is expected fr students entering grades 1-3.)
●Applicatins will be accepted after the deadline if spaces are still available.
●If yu wuld like assistance t cmplete yur applicatin, please cntact Ms. Netty Li at Burbank Primary Schl (626) 396-5760 r visit PUSD Welcme Center.
1. After attending the CDLIP, students will be able t ________.
A. master Chinese artsB. develp crss-cultural awareness
C. hand dwn traditinal literatureD. understand wrld histry
2. The CDLIP is intended fr________.
A. primary schl studentsB. children and their parents
C. Chinese teaching assistantsD. 1-3-year-ld children
3. What can yu find in CDLIP classes?
A. Kindergartners spending mre time practicing reading.B. Students fcusing n science vcabulary.
C. Higher-grade students using mstly Chinese.D. Students learning thrugh sngs and activities.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍中英双语浸入式课程的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Why Chse the CDLIP?中“Our CDLIP prmtes crss-cultural sensitivity, s that students can learn abut the glbalized wrld.(我们的中文双语浸入式课程提高了跨文化的敏感度，这样学生就可以了解全球化的世界)”可知，参加了中英双语浸入式课程后，学生将能够培养跨文化意识。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The CDLIP serves primary schl students, frm kindergarten thrugh secnd grade.( CDLIP为从幼儿园到二年级的学生提供服务)”可知，CDLIP旨在服务于小学生。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“On any given day, yu might find a classrm full f kindergartners cunting and srting cins, first graders singing “The Mre We Get Tgether”, r secnd graders describing physics experiments—all in Chinese!(在任何一天，你可能会发现教室里满是幼儿园的孩子们在数硬币和分类硬币，一年级的学生在唱《我们在一起的日子越来越多》，二年级的学生在描述物理实验——所有这些都是中文！)”可知，学生通过歌曲和活动来学习。故选D项。
B
It was a week after my mm had passed away and I didn’t knw hw t g n with life. S when I received an e-mail frm a friend abut a race benefiting cancer research, I ignred it. It seemed t prick (刺痛) my heart, as cancer was the disease that tk my mther away frm me.
But smething abut my friend’s wrds— “I can help rganize the whle thing”—stuck with me. I felt bliged (有义务的) t agree. In the weeks t cme, I managed t re-enter the wrld f the living. I checked ur team’s website daily, feeling prud each time a dnatin cntributed t ur ttal. I knew my mm wuld have wanted it that way. She was the type wh never gt defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by.
When the race ended, I nticed the runners all had ne thing in cmmn: There were big smiles n their faces. They made it lk s rewarding and effrtless. I wanted in.
S I enrlled in anther race tw mnths later. Cnsidering I culd barely run a mile, it was ambitius. But my friend and I made a training plan s I wuldn’t cme in last. I fllwed it religiusly and didn’t let anything get in my way.
Running up and dwn the city’s hills, I was flded with memries. I had lived there befre cllege and my mther had visited ften. I passed Blmingdale’s, recalling the time she and I had gtten int a screaming argument there.
I was abut t beat myself up when I remembered what Mm had said after her diagnsis f cancer. “I dn’t want yu t feel guilty abut anything.” Her paper-thin hands had held me tightly. A weight was lifted frm my shulders.
When the race day arrived, I gave it my all fr my mm and fr all she had taught me and cntinued t teach me. As I ran, whenever I felt like slwing dwn, I pictured her cheering me n.
Crssing the finish line, i was filled with her lve and a sense f peace.
4. Why did the authr ignre the e-mail in the beginning?
A. She felt it hard t finish the race.B. She had n time t jin in the event.
C. She was reminded f her mther’s death.D. She thught the research meaningless.
5. What des the underlined part “religiusly” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Optimistically.B. Carelessly.C. Carefully.D. Quickly.
6. Which f the wrds can best describe the authr’s mm?
A. Cnsiderate and plite.B. Strng-willed and caring.
C. Brave and humrus.D. Outging and patient.
7. What might be the best title fr the passage?
A. The Lss f Sweet Memries: Running With Mm
B. Running With Mm’s memry: A Healing Jurney
C. Mm’s Jurney f Healing: Racing With Hnr
D. In Memry f Mm: An Hnred Run
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者母亲去世之后，作者对母亲的回忆及母亲赐予作者的力量，使他能够从悲伤中走出来，积极面对生活。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句“It seemed t prick (刺痛) my heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mther away frm me.（这件事似乎刺痛了我的心，正是癌症夺去了我母亲的生命。）”可知，这封邮件使作者想起了因癌症过世的母亲。故选C项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线句“and didn’t let anything get in my way.（并且不让任何事情阻碍我道路。）”可知，作者做事非常认真，不让任何事情成为阻碍。由此猜测，划线词意为“认真地”，与carefully同义。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“She was the type wh never gt defeated.（她是那种永远不会被打败的人。）”可知，作者的母亲意志力坚强，结合第六段第二句“I dn’t want yu t feel guilty abut anything.（我不希望你对任何事情感到内疚。）”说明母亲关心爱护作者。所以作者母亲是一个意志坚强，又体贴的人。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句“As I ran, whenever I felt like slwing dwn, I pictured her cheering me n.（在赛跑的时候，每当我想慢下来的时候，就会看到母亲鼓励我的画面。）”及最后一段“Crssing the finish line, I was filled with her lve and a sense f peace.（通过终点线时，我内心充满了她的关爱和一种平和感。）”并结合上文作者对母亲的回忆，可知母亲治愈了作者，正是母亲的鼓励，他才能完成比赛。因此B项“带着妈妈的记忆奔跑:一段治愈之旅”可以作为文章的最佳标题。故选B项。
C
Of the mre than 3,000 species f msquites in the wrld, just a small number specialize in sucking human bld. Hw msquites track us dwn s effectively isn’t currently knwn, but it matters, since they carry dangerus diseases which may cause death.
“In fact, stpping these annying insects in their tracks culd save up t half a millin lives lst t thse diseases each year,” said Carlyn Gauff, a prfessr f eclgy and evlutinary bilgy at the Princetn Neurscience Institute. That’s why Gauff’s team wanted t understand hw they find and target humans.
Msquites mstly chse what t bite based n dr (气味). Knwing hw a ptentially disease-carrying msquit finds a persn, while ignring ther warm-blded animals, is a key questin. But it’s nt easy t answer, since any animal smell is made up f hundreds f chemicals mixed tgether in specific percentage. “The actual chemicals that are fund in human dr are basically the same as the chemicals fund in animal dr—it’s the percentages and the relative large amunt f thse substances in human mixtures that’s unique,” said Gauff.
T investigate, researchers decided t recrd neural activity in the brain f msquites while expsing them t natural human and animal dr samples. They cllected dr samples frm abut 40 different animals. When they cmpared sme f thse with the 16 human samples, smething jumped ut. Decanal is particularly rich in human skin. Cmmn in the natural wrld, in humans, decanal cmes frm anther, mre cmplex substance. When ne cmpnent f ur skin’s natural ils, sapienic acid, breaks dwn, decanal is left ver. This acid is nly fund in human beings. It’s what likely leads t the high levels f decanal that help the msquites smell their way t us.
Understanding what the msquites are targeting is nly part f the stry; knwing hw they d it is als imprtant. T see exactly hw msquites use this sense, scientists used genetically mdified (转基因的) msquites s that they culd cut pen msquites’ heads and watch neurns firing when they’re expsed t human and animal drs. The research team already knew that msquites have abut 60 different types f neurns that sense drs, s when they lked in the insects’ brains, they thught they might see a lt f activities. But it was surprisingly quiet, meaning that the signal was perhaps quite simple, dwn t just a cuple types f neurns. “One type f neurn respnded really strngly t bth humans and animals. Anther type f neurn respnded t bth—but it respnded much mre strngly t humans than animals,” Gauff said.
Hw t keep msquites’ decanal signal frm being transmitted will be the research team’s next fcus. Gauff hped their current wrk culd be used t make msquit killers and attractants t prevent disease.
8. What’s the final purpse f the research cnducted by Gauff’s team?
A T study why nly certain msquites suck human bld.
B T investigate the neural activity in msquites’ brains.
C. T test the effectiveness f msquit killers.
D. T help prevent deadly diseases caused by msquites.
9. T which substance(s) wuld msquites mstly be attracted?
A. Remains f decmpsed sapienic acid.B. Chemicals in the envirnment.
C. Decanal generated in human bld.D. Natural il frm human skin.
10. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Chemicals fund in human and animal drs are quite different.
B. Genetically mdified msquites are nt sensitive t human dr.
C. Further research will fcus n dr signal and neural cnnectin.
D. Mst msquit neurns are nt invlved in respnding t human dr.
11. Frm the last paragraph, which ptin accurately describes the future usage f Gauff and his team’s research?
A. Develping mre effective msquit killers.
B. Studying f msquit neural cnnectins in respnse t dr signals.
C. Analyzing the types f neurns in msquites.
D. Discussing the benefits fr preventing msquites frm transmitting the decanal signal.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讨论了Carlyn Gauff及其团队努力了解蚊子，尤其是携带危险疾病的蚊子是如何找到并攻击人类的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““In fact, stpping these annying insects in their tracks culd save up t half a millin lives lst t thse diseases each year,” said Carlyn Gauff, a prfessr f eclgy and evlutinary bilgy at the Princetn Neurscience Institute. That’s why Gauff’s team wanted t understand hw they find and target humans.(普林斯顿神经科学研究所的生态学和进化生物学教授Carlyn Gauff说：“事实上，阻止这些讨厌的昆虫的活动，每年可以挽救多达50万因这些疾病而丧生的人。”这就是为什么Gauff的团队想要了解蚊子如何发现和瞄准人类的原因)”以及最后一段“Gauff hped their current wrk culd be used t make msquit killers and attractants t prevent disease.( Gauff希望他们目前的工作可以用于制造灭蚊剂和引诱剂，以预防疾病)”可知，Gauff团队进行的研究的最终目的是帮助预防蚊子引起的致命疾病。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Decanal is particularly rich in human skin. Cmmn in the natural wrld, in humans, decanal cmes frm anther, mre cmplex substance. When ne cmpnent f ur skin’s natural ils, sapienic acid, breaks dwn, decanal is left ver.(人体皮肤中的癸醛含量特别丰富。在自然界和人类中很常见，癸醛来自另一种更复杂的物质。当我们皮肤的天然油脂的一种成分——皂酸——分解时，就会留下癸醛)”可知，蚊子最容易被分解后的皂酸残留物吸引。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The research team already knew that msquites have abut 60 different types f neurns that sense drs, s when they lked in the insects’ brains, they thught they might see a lt f activities. But it was surprisingly quiet, meaning that the signal was perhaps quite simple, dwn t just a cuple types f neurns. “One type f neurn respnded really strngly t bth humans and animals. Anther type f neurn respnded t bth—but it respnded much mre strngly t humans than animals,” Gauff said.(研究小组已经知道蚊子有大约60种不同类型的感知气味的神经元，所以当他们观察昆虫的大脑时，他们认为他们可能会看到很多活动。但它出奇地安静，这意味着信号可能非常简单，只有几种类型的神经元。“有一种神经元对人类和动物的反应都非常强烈。另一种神经元对两者都有反应，但它对人类的反应比动物强烈得多，”高夫说)”可知，蚊子有大约60种不同类型的神经元来感知气味，但研究发现只有几种类型的神经元才会对人类和动物气味作出反应，可得出大多数蚊子神经元不参与对人类气味的反应。故选D项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Gauff hped their current wrk culd be used t make msquit killers and attractants t prevent disease.(高夫希望他们目前的工作可以用来制造蚊子杀灭剂和引诱剂来预防疾病)”可知，高夫和他的团队研究的未来用途是开发更有效的灭蚊剂。故选A项。
D
My university has nw tpped the U.S. News & Wrld Reprt rankings fr 11 years running. Given Princetn’s success, yu might think I wuld be a fan f the list. Nt s. Dn’t get me wrng. I am prud f Princetn’s teaching, research and cmmitment t service. I like seeing ur quality recgnized. Rankings, hwever, are a misleading way t assess universities. Different schls have distinct strengths, structures and missins. The idea f picking ne as “best”, as thugh educatinal prgrams cmpeted like athletic teams, is strange.
Hwever, the U.S. News rankings attract great attentin and a huge custmer base. Applicants and their families rely n the rankings and feel pressure t get int highly regarded institutins. As a result, many schls make intense effrts t mve up in the rankings. This cmpetitin prduces damaging cnsequences. Fr example, sme universities avid ding difficult but valuable things—such as admitting talented lwer-incme students wh can succeed at university if given apprpriate supprt.
Still, students and families need cmparative infrmatin t chse universities. If rankings mislead, what is the alternative? Fr generatins, buyers have turned t Cnsumer Reprts fr advice abut almst everything except university educatin. When Cnsumer Reprts evaluates a prduct, it assesses multiple factrs s that ptential buyers can make their wn chice wisely. Similarly, university applicants need infrmatin abut sme basic variables. Graduatin rates are crucial. A university that des nt graduate its students is like a car with a bad maintenance (维修) recrd. It csts mney withut getting yu anywhere. What applicants need is nt the average graduatin rate, but the rate fr students with backgrunds like their wn. Fr example, sme places successfully graduate their wealthy students but d less well fr lwer-incme students. Applicants shuld als see sme measure f pst-graduatin utcmes.
Here is a partial list f ther factrs that matter: cst f tuitin (学费) and fees; high-quality teachers actively engaged in undergraduate instructin; and a learning culture cmpsed f diverse students wh study hard and educate ne anther. Judged by these criteria, many schls culd be “Cnsumer Reprts Best Buys”. Applicants shuld be excited t get int any f them; they shuld pick the ne they find mst appealing; and they shuld nt waste time wrrying abut which is “the best”.
It wuld be great t have a Cnsumer Reprts fr universities. I hpe that sme natinal publicatin will have the curage t prduce an annual, user-friendly Cnsumer Reprts-style analysis f higher educatin institutins, even if it is nt as attractive as a ftball-style set f rankings. In the meantime, thse f us wh understand the imperfectin in the rankings must call them ut—even when, indeed especially when, we finish at the tp.
12. What is the authr’s attitude twards university rankings?
A. Supprtive.B. Indifferent.C. Disapprving.D. Neutral.
13. Why des the authr mentin Cnsumer Reprts?
A. T reveal the multiplicity f cnsumers.
B. T present the infrmatin f ptential buyers.
C. T highlight the difficulty f chsing universities.
D. T emphasize the need f verall evaluatin f universities.
14. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. It is nt likely t have a Cnsumer Reprts fr universities.
B. The mst suitable university fr applicants may nt rank the tp.
C. The average graduatin rate is crucial t lwer-incme applicants.
D. The tp universities can see the imperfectin in the rankings better.
15. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. There is n such thing as a gd r bad student.
B. Educatin equality is an ideal hard t be realized.
C. An alternative apprach is needed t assess universities.
D. Discriminatin against pr students brings lss f talents.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了大学排名是是一种误导性的评估方式，所以作者用其他的方法来评估大学。
【详解】1.观点态度题。根据第一段中的“Rankings, hwever, are a misleading way t assess universities.”(然而，排名是一种误导性的大学评估方式。)可知，作者认为排名是一种误导性的大学评估方式，由此可以推断出，作者对大学排名的态度是不赞成的，C选项“Disapprving”(反对的；不赞成的)符合，A. Supprtive.支持的；B. Indifferent.漠不关心的；D. Neutral.中立的，均不符，故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段中的“If rankings mislead, what is the alternative? Fr generatins, buyers have turned t Cnsumer Reprts fr advice abut almst everything except university educatin. When Cnsumer Reprts evaluates a prduct, it assesses multiple factrs s that ptential buyers can make their wn chice wisely. Similarly, university applicants need infrmatin abut sme basic variables.”(如果排名误导了别人，那还有什么选择呢？几代人以来，除了大学教育，消费者几乎都是从《消费者报告》中获得各方面的建议。当《消费者报告》评估一个产品时，它评估了多个因素，以便潜在的买家能够明智地做出自己的选择。同样，大学申请者需要一些基本变量的信息。)可知，作者提到《消费者报告》是为了强调大学综合评价的必要性，故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“they shuld pick the ne they find mst appealing; and they shuld nt waste time wrrying abut which is “the best”.”(他们应该挑选自己认为最有吸引力的学校，而不应该浪费时间担心哪一所学校是“最好的”。)可知，申请者应该申请自己认为最有吸引力的学校而不是那些排名最好的学校，由此可以推断出最适合申请者的学校，不一定是排名最好的学校，故选B。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“It wuld be great t have a Cnsumer Reprts fr universities. I hpe that sme natinal publicatin will have the curage t prduce an annual, user-friendly Cnsumer Reprts-style analysis f higher educatin institutins, even if it is nt as attractive as a ftball-style set f rankings.”(如果能有一份大学的《消费者报告》就好了。我希望一些全国性的出版物有勇气对高等教育机构进行一年一度、用户友好型的消费者报告分析，即使它不像足球式的排名那么有吸引力也没关系。)可知，文章主要讲述了大学排名是是一种误导性的评估方式，所以要用其他的方法来评估大学，即大学需要另一种评估方式。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
In ur mdern wrld there are endless alternatives. Have yu ever fund yurself wndering whether yu shuld quit r stay in yur jb, accept an ffer r give it up fr anther? There is a simple and practical methd that slves this prblem.____16____When yu understand the cncept, yu have the pwer t measure every alternative with precisin and make the right decisin.
In the field f ecnmics, pprtunity cst is the value that yu have t give up when yu chse an ptin ver anther gd ptin.____17____Every time yu chse smething, yu give up ther alternatives tgether with their financial benefits. It is nt all the ther ptins, but the mst valued ne that is defined as the pprtunity cst.
____18____Take the simple example f trying t decide whether t take public transprtatin fr 80 minutes r t drive fr 40 minutes. Yu might save n the cst f gas while riding the bus but duble the trip length and miss ut n ther things yu culd have dne during that time.____19____This is hw yu create pririties in yur daily life.
Thugh useful in decisin making, the biggest drawback f pprtunity cst is that it’s ften related t what’s hard t quantify.____20____After all, putting a number t yur peaceful mind r happiness can be difficult.
Opprtunity cst isn’t cut and dried. It varies frm persn t persn. At the end f the day, yu are in charge f what yu wn and what yu want t gain.
A. It is abut finding ut the pprtunity cst.
B. Weigh the lsses and gains, and make yur decisin.
C. Opprtunity cst matters nt nly in ecnmics but als in real life.
D. This is especially true when the pprtunity cst is f nn-financial benefit.
E. The key principle underlying the idea is that there is n such thing as free lunch.
F. Mst peple verlk pprtunity cst because the benefits are usually hidden frm view.
G. It is the develpment f imprtant skills that wuld help yu mve frward in yur daily life.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. C 19. B 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机会成本。
【16题详解】
根据上文“There is a simple and practical methd that slves this prblem.( 有一个简单实用的方法可以解决这个问题。)”和下文“When yu understand the cncept, yu have the pwer t measure every alternative with precisin and make the right decisin.(当你理解了这个概念，你就有能力精确地衡量每一个选择，并做出正确的决定。)”可知，空处提到了一个概念，就是机会成本。A项中的“the pprtunity cst”和下文中的“the cncept”对应。A项：It is abut finding ut the pprtunity cst.(这是关于找出机会成本。)符合语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Every time yu chse smething, yu give up ther alternatives tgether with their financial benefits.(每次你选择某样东西，你就放弃了其他的选择以及它们的经济利益。)”可知，下文举例说明机会成本的具体实施原则，选择了某样东西，就要放弃其他的选择以及它们的经济利益。E项：The key principle underlying the idea is that there is n such thing as free lunch.(这个观点的关键原则是，天下没有免费的午餐。)符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Take the simple example f trying t decide whether t take public transprtatin fr 80 minutes r t drive fr 40 minutes.(举个简单的例子，试着决定是乘80分钟的公共交通工具还是开车40分钟。)”可知，本段主要讲述机会成本在日常生活中的应用。C项：Opprtunity cst matters nt nly in ecnmics but als in real life.(机会成本不仅在经济学中很重要，在现实生活中也很重要。)符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Yu might save n the cst f gas while riding the bus but duble the trip length and miss ut n ther things yu culd have dne during that time.(你可能会在乘坐公共汽车时节省汽油费用，但会使行程长度增加一倍，并错过在这段时间内你可以做的其他事情。)”可知，在做决定之前要权衡利弊。B项：Weigh the lsses and gains, and make yur decisin.(权衡得失，再做决定。)符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Thugh useful in decisin making, the biggest drawback f pprtunity cst is that it’s ften related t what’s hard t quantify. (虽然机会成本在决策中很有用，但它最大的缺点是它往往与难以量化的东西有关。)”可知，此处提出机会成本的局限性，结合下文“After all, putting a number t yur peaceful mind r happiness can be difficult.(毕竟，用一个数字来形容你内心的平静或快乐是很困难的。)”可知，像情绪等非经济利益机会成本难以形容。D项：This is especially true when the pprtunity cst is f nn-financial benefit.(当机会成本是非经济利益时尤其如此。)符合语境。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Over the weekend, a ____21____ damaged huses, rads, and bridges, leaving many peple nwhere t g. The pwerful fld damaged Hagan’s bridge, leaving him and his wife ____22____ frm the cmmunity. He turned t scial media but never ____23____ he wuld receive a call frm his grandsn’s cach Ryan Jesp. “The Hagans have dne s much fr this area, s it was a(n) ____24____ decisin t help,” Jesp said.
The Switzerland Cunty ftball cach drew up a plan telling his team t build a new bridge ____25____ the ld brken ne. Hagan received a(n) ____26____ that a team wuld be at his huse Mnday at 9 a.m. t wrk. “Peple I’d never seen befre were walking dwn my driveway t help us,” Hagan said, “It was ____27____ and brught tears t my eyes.”
____28____, the steel frame base structure (钢架基础结构) f the bridge wasn’t damaged by the flding. Dzens f peple went t the bridge and ____29____ the ld ne plank (木板) by plank. Then the team built it back up by ____30____ an assembly line (流水线). “The ____31____ f ur team is t help them thrugh teamwrk ,” student Linebacker Gabriel Rse said. The team ____32____ the prject in nly a few hurs. “They were here at nine ’clck, and I lked at my ____33____ when it was dne and it was 11:45.” Hagan said. The Hagans nw recnnected with their ____34____ thanks t their grandsn’s ftball team. As fr Cach Jesp, he is chalking it up as the biggest ____35____ f the seasn.
21. A. snwB. fireC. fldD. landslide
22. A. separatedB. savedC. freedD. hidden
23. A. agreedB. expectedC. rememberedD. explained
24. A. difficultB. rughC. easyD. tugh
25. A. in hnr fB. in need fC. in case fD. in place f
26. A. invitatinB. messageC. pininD. reprt
27. A. tuchingB. shckingC. frighteningD. cnfusing
28. A. FrtunatelyB. SuddenlyC. SurelyD. Persnally
29. A. tk inB. tk upC. tk ffD. tk apart
30. A. recrdingB. prtectingC. creatingD. changing
31. A. reasnB. prblemC. tripD. gal
32. A. designedB. mvedC. researchedD. cmpleted
33. A. bridgeB. drC. watchD. huse
34. A. cmpanyB. cmpetitrsC. neighburhdD. students
35. A. winB. riskC. hpeD. task
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是洪水摧毁了Hagan家的桥，切断了他们与外界的联系。Hagan求助媒体，却意外接到孙子的教练的来电，在孙子的教练球队重建了桥之后，他们再一次与邻居取得了联系。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周末，一场洪水摧毁了房屋、道路和桥梁，使许多人无处可去。A. snw雪；B. fire火灾；C. fld洪水；D. landslide滑坡。根据下文“The pwerful fld”可知，洪水摧毁了房屋。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：强大的洪水摧毁了Hagan的桥梁，使他和他的妻子与社区分离。A. separated使分开；B. saved救；C. freed释放；D. hidden躲藏。根据上文“The pwerful fld damaged Hagan’s bridge”可知，桥被毁了，Hagan和妻子与社区分离了。故选A。
23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他求助于社交媒体，但从未预料到他会接到孙子教练Ryan Jesp的电话。A. agreed同意；B. expected预料；C. remembered记得；D. explained解释。根据下文“he wuld receive a call frm his grandsn’s cach Ryan Jesp”以及but表示转折，可知，他孙子的教练给他打来电话，这是他没有预料到的。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Hagan一家为这个地区做了很多，所以帮助他们是一个很容易的决定。A. difficult困难的；B. rugh（表面）粗糙的；C. easy容易的；D. tugh困难的。根据上文“The Hagans have dne s much fr this area”可知，因为Hagan一家为这个地区做了很多，所以是应该得到别人的帮助的，因此此处表示“帮助他们是一个很容易的决定”。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：瑞士郡的足球教练制定了一个计划，让他的球队在旧的断桥上建造一座新桥。A. in hnr f为了表示尊敬和钦佩；B. in need f需要；C. in case f万一；D. in place f代替。根据上文“a new bridge”和下文“the ld brken ne”可知，用新桥代替旧的。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hagan收到消息说，周一上午9点会有一个团队到他家工作。A. invitatin邀请；B. message消息；C. pinin观点；D. reprt报道。根据下文“a team wuld be at his huse Mnday at 9 a.m. t wrk”可知，周一上午9点会有一个团队到他家工作，这是他收到的消息。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它很感人，让我热泪盈眶。A. tuching感人的；B. shcking令人震惊的；C. frightening令人害怕的；D. cnfusing令人困惑的。根据下文“brught tears t my eyes”可知，Hagan哭了，说明这很感人。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，桥梁的钢框架基础结构没有被洪水破坏。A. Frtunately幸运的是；B. Suddenly突然；C. Surely无疑，肯定；D. Persnally亲自。根据下文“the steel frame base structure (钢架基础结构) f the bridge wasn’t damaged”可知，桥梁的钢框架基础结构没有被洪水破坏，这是幸运的。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：几十个人走到桥边，一块一块地把那座旧桥拆开。A. tk in吸收；B. tk up占据；C. tk ff起飞；D. tk apart拆开。根据下文“ne plank (木板) by plank”可知，他们一块一块地把那座旧桥拆开了。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，团队通过建立一条装配线来重建它。A. recrding记录；B. prtecting保护；C. creating创造；D. changing改变。根据下文“an assembly line”可知，团队通过建立一条装配线来重建桥，空格处意为“创造”。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们团队的目标是通过团队合作来帮助他们。A. reasn原因；B. prblem问题；C. trip旅行；D. gal目标。根据下文“t help them thrugh teamwrk”可知，帮助他们是这个团队的目标。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个团队只用了几个小时就完成了这个项目。A. designed设计；B. mved移动；C. researched研究；D. cmpleted完成。根据下文“in nly a few hurs”和“when it was dne”可知，这个团队只用了几个小时就完成了这个项目。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hagan说：“他们9点钟就来了，当桥修好的时候，我看了看表，时间是11点45分。”A. bridge桥；B. dr门；C. watch表；D. huse房子。根据下文“it was 11:45”可知，他在团队完成任务的时候看了看表。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了他们孙子的足球队，Hagan一家现在与他们的社区重新建立了联系。A. cmpany公司；B. cmpetitrs竞争者；C. neighburhd社区，四邻；D. students学生。根据上文“leaving him and his wife___2___frm the cmmunity (社区).”可知，之前洪水使他们和社区分开了，所以现在桥修好了，他们就和社区重新建立了联系。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Jesp教练，他认为这是本赛季最大的胜利。A. win胜利；B. risk风险；C. hpe希望；D. task任务。根据上文“The team___12___the prject”可知，这个球队完成了桥的重建，教练认为这是这个球队的胜利。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shadw play (皮影戏), a flk drama active in China fr ver 2,000 years, is als knwn as “shadw puppet” r “lamp shadw play”, in which peple perfrm stries ____36____ using puppet (木偶) shadws n lighted hide r paperbard.
The prductin prcedures f shadw puppets usually g thrugh the fllwing ____37____ (step): leather selectin, leather making, painting, engraving, clr applicatin, sweating and irning, binding and synthesis. Each step must be ____38____ (care).
Brn in the times ____39____ there was neither mvie nr TV and ____40____ (reach) its best days in the Qing Dynasty, shadw play ____41____ (be) n the way f develpment t date with it seen all arund China. In 2006, shadw play ____42____ (list) in China’s first natinal intangible (无形的) cultural heritage list. Since then, it has wn many awards at hme and abrad, which is f psitive ____43____ (imprtant) t the inheritance f shadw play.
Shadw play is amng the first Chinese drama arts t spread abrad. Quite a few freign friends spke highly f it— “I lve the mdeling f shadw puppets because they have a special styling.”, “I fail t understand ____44____ peple are singing, but I still find it quite interesting.”, and such like that.
As fr shadw play in ur traditinal culture, we can’t let the drama _____45_____ (leave) t us be lst. We shuld let it be handed dwn.
【答案】36. by 37. steps
38. careful
39. when 40. reaching
41. has been
42. was listed
43. imprtance
44. what 45. left
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了皮影戏的历史以及传承情况。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：皮影戏是一种在中国活跃了2000多年的民间戏剧，也被称为“皮影戏”或“灯影戏”，人们在发光的皮革或纸板上用木偶的影子表演故事。后跟动名词作宾语，表示“通过”应用介词by。故填by。
【37题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：皮影的制作过程通常要经过以下几个步骤:选皮、制皮、绘画、雕刻、上色、发汗熨烫、装订、合成。根据后文leather selectin, leather making, painting, engraving, clr applicatin, sweating and irning, binding and synthesis，说明皮影戏的制作有很多步骤，此step用复数steps。故填steps。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：每一步都要小心。作表语，应用形容词careful。故填careful。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：皮影戏诞生于没有电影和电视的时代，在清代达到了鼎盛时期，一直走在发展的道路上，在中国各地都能看到它。定语从句修饰先行词times，在从句作时间状语，应用when。故填when。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：皮影戏诞生于没有电影和电视的时代，在清代达到了鼎盛时期，一直走在发展的道路上，在中国各地都能看到它。分析句子结构可知reach与逻辑主语shadw play构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填reaching。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：皮影戏诞生于没有电影和电视的时代，在清代达到了鼎盛时期，一直走在发展的道路上，在中国各地都能看到它。根据t date可知用现在完成时，主语为shadw play ，助动词用has。故填has been。
【42题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：2006年，皮影戏被列入中国第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文In 2006可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为shadw play，谓语用单数。故填was listed。
【43题详解】
考查名词。此后，它在国内外多次获奖，这对皮影戏的传承具有积极的意义。be f＋名词＝be＋形容词，在文中提到这些奖项对于皮影戏的传承具有积极的重要性。故填imprtance。
【44题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：我听不懂人们在唱什么，但我还是觉得很有趣。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用what引导。故填what。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：至于在我们的传统文化中的皮影戏，我们不能让留给我们的戏剧遗失。分析句子结构可知leave与逻辑主语drama构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填left。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你最近读完了外教Jim推荐的一本英文书，请你用英文给Jim写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表达感谢并分享读书收获;
2.交流后续英文书阅读计划。
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Thank yu fr yur recmmendatin f the English nvel The Old Man and the Sea.
Having finished reading, I’ve harvested a lt. The tugh man wh fights against the big fish and sharks alne in the sea inspires me t brave frustratins in my life. And I have learned that we shuld stick t ur dreams n matter what hardships we may encunter.
The bk unflds a new wrld t me. Thus, I make a plan fr further reading. English nvels enlightening my mind will be included in my reading list. I intend t read ne bk a mnth. While reading, I will take dwn my understanding in time t gain mre beynd the lines.
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd give me mre recmmendatins.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生用英文给Jim写一封邮件，内容包括：1.表达感谢并分享读书收获；2.交流后续英文书阅读计划。
【详解】1.词汇积累
完成：finish→cmplete
激励某人做某事：inspire sb. t d sth.→encurage sb. t d sth.
坚持：stick t→persist in
感谢：appreciate→be grateful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Thank yu fr yur recmmendatin f the English nvel The Old Man and the Sea.
拓展句：Thank yu fr yur recmmendatin f the English nvel whse name is The Old Man and the Sea.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
The tugh man wh fights against the big fish and sharks alne in the sea inspires me t brave frustratins in my life.(运用了wh引导限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]
And I have learned that we shuld stick t ur dreams n matter what hardships we may encunter.(运用了that引导宾语从句，n matter what引导让步状语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I lked up frm my desk t see the teacher writing n the bard: “Battle f the Bks!” She smiled and said, “This time it’s a teamwrk. Yu’re ging t be in teams f tw, and set a reading gal. Every team that meets their gal by the end f the mnth will get a prize!” The lunch bell sunded befre she culd explain any mre rules.
As I gathered my things, Liya passed my desk and said, “Teammates?” Since Liya and I shared the same interest in graphic nvel(漫画小说), and we tk Hindi language class tgether, we teamed up autmatically. I was bth relieved and excited t have my team. Then we gt t the cafeteria and quickly threw ut a bunch f ideas f what t d at ur table.
I lked t ur third friend Kash, with whm the three f us always d stuff tgether, “Kash, d yu have ideas fr us?” “Why wuld I give yu guys ideas?” he said glmily(阴沉地). “I’ll save that fr my that is. Nw I see hw I rank in the friendship lineup.” Kash replied in an angry tne.
I knew he was mad fr a reasn. If I were him, nt nly wuld I think that I ranked last in that grup, but I’d als be panicking abut what team I culd jin. But nw, I was n the inside and Kash wasn’t. I felt like the nly way t fix this wuld be three peple n a team. S, as the teacher walked by ur table, I asked fr her permissin. What surprised me was that she had intended t draw names t assign randm grups, but didn’t get a chance t say it befre lunch.
Awkward and frustrated, we were stuck in this dilemma. Having first teamed up withut Kash didn’t mean we didn’t like him. I knew we—especially I—wuldn’t be able t enjy any prize if ur friend felt bad abut being left ut. S, I decided t d smething t make it up fr him and cnvince Kash he was an equal friend.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That night, I was struck by an idea as I read a graphic nvel that all three f us liked.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, I handed my pages f aplgy t Kash.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】That night, I was struck by an idea as I read a graphic nvel that all three f us liked. Thrilled and inspired, I sprang in frnt f my desk, racked my brains and started drawing a few scenes f three f us giggling, chattering and enjying each ther’s cmpany like we usually did. On the last page, I wrte, “Dear Kash, yu are nt the ne left behind. Liya and I are s srry abut the way we messed things up.” Pierced t the heart with guilt, I gingerly tucked the paintings int an envelpe, hping this wuld be an icebreaker.
The next day, I handed my pages f aplgy t Kash. He tk it, lking surprised at the first sight. After he read it, an expressin f intense jy illuminated his eyes. Blushed, I brke the silence, “I’m srry, dude. We shuld have talked t yu.” With her eyes fixed n the flr, Liya came ver and aplgized in a lw vice, “Yu mean a lt t us.” Hearing her wrds, Kash shk his head and beamed, “I was way t sensitive.” We exchanged a knwing smile, realizing that sincerity, trust and cmmunicatin were always the key t clearing up the misunderstanding between friends.
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了老师布置了一个两人为一组的团队任务，作者和Liya首先组成了一队，这让他们的好朋友Kash感到失落和生气，他认为自己在三人好友中排名最后。于是作者决定做点什么，让Kash认识到他是一个平等的朋友。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
由第一段首句内容“那天晚上，当我读到一本我们三个人都喜欢的漫画小说时，我突然想到了一个主意。”和第二段首句中的“my pages f aplgy(我道歉的纸张)”可知，第一段可描写受该想法的启发，作者写了一封道歉信，解释了自己没有认为Kash不重要，并为自己的行为表示歉意。
由第二段首句内容“第二天，我把我的道歉纸张递给了Kash。”可知，第二段可描述Kash看到信之后的反应，Kash也认识到了自己太过敏感，三人重归于好。
2.续写线索：突然想到一个主意——写信解释自己的行为并表示歉意——Kash收到信——作者打破僵局主动谈话——三人重归于好
3.词汇激活：
情绪类
①兴奋：thrilled/excited/stked/flushed/in excitement
②惊讶：surprised/astnished/shcked
③愧疚：guilt/shame
动作类
①绞尽脑汁：racked my brains/think very hard/task my mind/beat my brains ut
②搞砸：mess things up/screw things up
【点睛】【高分句型1】Thrilled and inspired, I sprang in frnt f my desk, racked my brains and started drawing a few scenes f three f us giggling, chattering and enjying each ther’s cmpany like we usually did.(形容词短语Thrilled and inspired作状语；and连接三个并列的谓语sprang...，racked…和started…；现在分词短语giggling, chattering and enjying…作后置定语修饰three f us)
【高分句型2】With her eyes fixed n the flr, Liya came ver and aplgized in a lw vice, “Yu mean a lt t us.”(运用了With复合结构，and连接两个并列的谓语)
听力答案：1～5CCACA 6～10ABBCC 11～15ACACA 16～20BBABB