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    2025版高考英语一轮复习新题精练专题一阅读理解考点2推断课件

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    2025版高考英语一轮复习新题精练专题一阅读理解考点2推断课件

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    这是一份2025版高考英语一轮复习新题精练专题一阅读理解考点2推断课件,共16页。
    过考点 考点突破分类强化Passage 1话题:破旧的钱包  主题语境:人与社会  词数:约335  难度:★★★☆☆  The discvery f a special red purse has ffered a lk int what everyday life was like fr a 1950s teenager in Ohi. In 2019, a caretaker at Nrth Cantn Middle Schl was repairing lckers when he discvered a purse jammed behind a piece f metal. Althugh the purse was dusty and dirty, its cntents were well preserved. They belnged t Patti Rumfla wh lst the purse in 1957 when she was a teenager attending what was then Hver High Schl.The things fund in the bag tell the stry f a teenager wh gt invlved in her cmmunity and did lts f practical things, was rganized, and lved her family. Amng the things fund were her American Junir Red Crss card, tickets, wheat pennies, pens, a pcket calendar, and phts f her friends and family.Once the schl determined Rumfla was the rightful wner, they cntacted the Nrth Cantn Alumni Assciatin in hpes f returning it t her. The rganizatin figured ut that Rumfla had graduated frm Hver High Schl in 1960. Unfrtunately, Rumfla passed away in 2013 at the age f 71 in DuBis, Pennsylvania, s she’ll never get t see these things frm the past. But she lived a full life. Accrding t her life stry, she was a retired schl teacher wh wrked in Annaplis, Maryland. And as in her yuth, she cntinued ding many things fr her cmmunity as an adult and helped fund the Theatre Arts Guild and the Yung Wmen’s Club in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania. Rumfla was als a cstume designer with the Reitz Theatre wh enjyed spending time with her children and grandchildren.
    Because the schl culd nt return Rumfla’s purse t her, they reached ut t her grwn children. Rumfla’s five children were tgether fr a family gathering where they pened the purse t have a glimpse(短暂的体验) int their mther’s life at Hver High Schl. Each f her five children kept ne f the wheat pennies as a remembrance f their mm. 1Why des the authr regard the red purse as special? A.It was in perfect cnditin. B.It had a mving stry. C.It belnged t a special student. D.It became a time capsule.2Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Patti Rumfla? A.Devted and helpful.B.Creative and and easy-ging.D.Curius and hard-wrking.3What is paragraph 4 mainly abut? A.Rumfla’s career chices. B.Rumfla’s life ’s main attainments. D.Rumfla’s family cmmitments.4What can be inferred abut Nrth Cantn Middle Schl? A.It was funded in the 1950s. B.It ffers design curses t cares abut its previus graduates. D.It kept a wheat penny as a remembrance.
    【解析】 一位管理员在学校偶然发现一个破旧的钱包,它于20世纪50年代丢失,像一个时间胶囊一样,让人得以一窥那时的生活。1.D 理解具体信息 明题意:本题问的是"为什么作者认为这个红色钱包很特殊?"→寻线索:根据第一段第一句"The a lk int what everyday life was like fr a 1950s teenager in Ohi"和最后一段中的"they pened the purse t have a glimpse(短暂的体验) int their mther's life"可知,这个钱包就像一个时间胶囊,让人短暂地体验了一下过去的那段生活→定答案:A项"它完好无损";B项"它有一个感人的故事";C项"它属于一位特别的学生";D项"它成了一个时间胶囊"。故选D。2.A 推断(人物特征) 明题意:本题问的是"下面哪些词可以最好地形容Patti Rumfla?"→寻线索:根据第二段中的"lved her family"和第四段中的"enjyed spending time with her children and grandchildren"可知,她是一个深爱家人的人(devted);根据第二段中的"gt invlved in her cmmunity and did lts f practical things""her American Junir Red Crss card"和第四段中的"cntinued ding many things fr her cmmunity as an adult and helped fund... Pennsylvania"可知,她是一个乐于助人的人(helpful)→定答案:A项"挚爱的且乐于助人的";B项"有创造力的且有雄心的";C项"有才智的且随和的";D项"好奇的且努力的"。故选A。
    【技巧点拨】  描写人物性格、特征的形容词小结做推断人物特征的题目时,考生除了要抓住文中有关人物特征的关键信息之外,还要掌握一些描写人物性格、特征的形容词,尤其是一些较生僻的形容词,避免因不认识单词而误选。考生需记忆的相关形容词有:adaptable有适应能力的adventurus有冒险精神的aggressive志在必得的ambitius有雄心的athletic擅长运动的 brave/curageus/fearless勇敢的 capable有能力的  caring乐于助人的 cautius小心谨慎的 cmmitted尽心尽力的cnfident自信的  cnservative保守的cnsiderate/thughtful体贴的 cperative有合作意识的 creative有创造力的 demanding苛求的dependable可靠的 determined意志坚定的  diligent勤奋的 easy-ging随和的 energetic精力旺盛的experienced 有经验的 faithful忠诚的 generus慷慨的  grateful感激的 hard-wrking勤奋的 helpful愿意帮忙的hnest诚实的 humrus幽默的 independent独立的  innvative创新的 intelligent聪明的 inventive善于创新的mdest谦虚的 pen-minded思想开明的 rganized有条理的  utging外向的 patient有耐心的 reliable可信赖的respnsible负责任的 sensible明智的 sensitive敏感的  skillful熟练的 sympathetic有同情心的 talented有才能的talkative健谈的 tlerant宽容的
    3.B 理解主旨要义(段落大意) 根据第四段的内容,尤其是"she lived a full life""her life stry"可知,本段主要介绍了Rumfla的一些生活经历,故选B。4.C 推断 各选项分析如下:
    【易错点拨】  以偏概全——C项干扰性较大,考生看到本段中的"helped fund the Theatre Arts Guild and the Yung Wmen’s Club"会误以为本段主要介绍她的成就,但是本段还提到了她的其他经历,C项过于片面,故可排除。
    【二次精读】  熟词生义:jam常用义:n.果酱;堵塞 文章义:v.塞入,压进He jammed the bk back int the bkcase.他把书塞回了书架。词汇积累:caretaker n.管理员,看管人;照看人,监护人 rightful adj.正确的,公正的,合法的  in hpes f=in the hpe f抱着……的希望
    Passage 2话题:对"水仗"的看法  主题语境:人与社会  词数:约310  难度:★★★★☆  以谚语设题Each April Thais celebrate their Thai New Year with a great water fight n the streets. Peple thrw water at everyne passing by and even blck the rad s they can enter buses and "paint the faces" f all the passengers. But there are a few peple wh dn’t wish t participate in the fun. When I first experienced this celebratin, I was ne f them.The first time ur bus was stpped, 4 peple cming int the bus intended t paint everyne’s face. I slwly shk my head t say "N, thank yu", but a man came frm behind me and quickly painted my face. Then the ther three felt inspired and added a little mre "paint" t my face. I didn’t actively stp them fr fear that if I did, they wuld becme mre aggressive and thrw even mre water at me and pssibly my backpack, which wuld damage whatever was inside.Even thugh it happened nly nce, emtinally it was very frightening because I felt s pwerless. The experience caused me t think a lt abut respect and mral autnmy r individual judgment vs "permissin" frm the authrities. On this day, peple f Thailand, including the plice, give "permissin" fr these activities. S what abut respect fr the individual? If smene des nt want t be painted, is it OK t d it anyhw because the majrity is having a gd time and sincerely believes it is harmless fun, r because the plice allw it?In my pinin, if smene des nt want t have smething dne t them, then yu’re suppsed t respect their decisin. Yu can't rely n the authrities r sme grup t tell yu if smething is right r wrng r if
    yu shuld r shuldn’t d smething. I believe this is a much healthier way f living with ne anther in this wrld.1Hw des the authr intrduce the tpic?A.By raising a questin.B.By making an assumptin. C.By prviding a cmparisn. D.By supprting a celebratin. 2Why did the authr inactively resist being "painted"?A.He was afraid f causing cnflict.B.He wanted t prtect things in his activity gt fficial permissin.D.The majrity was in favr f the behavir. 3What did the authr think f the experience?A.It was unpleasant.B.It was was infrmative. D.It was acceptable. 4What is mainly cnveyed in the last paragraph?A.D as yu wuld be dne by.B.Fear always springs frm in Rme d as the Rmans d. D.Respect matters in interpersnal relatinship.
    【解析】 每年四月,泰国人都会在街头举行大规模的"水仗"来庆祝他们的泰国新年。人们向每个过路的人泼水,甚至堵塞道路,进入公共汽车给所有乘客"涂脸"。但也有少数人不愿参与其中。作者就是其中之一。1.C 推断(写作手法) 明题意:本题问的是"作者是如何引入主题的?"→寻线索:根据第一段可知,每年四月,泰国人都会在街头举行大规模的"水仗"来庆祝他们的泰国新年。人们向每个过路的人泼水,甚至堵塞道路,进入公共汽车给所有乘客"涂脸"。但也有少数人不愿参与其中。作者就是其中之一。再结合下文作者的经历可知,作者是通过作对比的方法引入本文主题的→定答案:A项"通过提出问题";B项"通过作出假设";C项"通过作对比";D项"通过支持一个庆祝活动"。故C项正确。
    【技巧点拨】  常用的写作手法归纳在准确把握语篇或段落主旨的前提下,能够分析其展开的方式或洞悉作者要传达的意思是考生应具备的一种能力。每篇文章或每个段落都遵循一定的逻辑线索来展开说明或介绍。常见的展开方式有:1.顺序排列法。一是时间顺序法(time rder),通常用于叙述和分析的过程;二是空间顺序法(space rder)。2.举例法(giving examples)。文章常用fr example, fr instance, such as等短语引出例子,其前或其后一般有阐明的观点。3.比较与对比法(cmparisn and cntrast)。有时为了说明某一事物或现象,需要与其他事物或现象联系起来才能阐述清楚。
    2.B 理解具体信息 根据第二段中的"I didn’t actively stp them fr fear that if I did, they wuld becme mre aggressive and thrw even mre water at me and pssibly my backpack, which wuld damage whatever was inside"可知,作者没有积极地阻止他们,因为担心如果自己这样做,他们会变得更有攻击性,往作者身上泼更多的水,可能还会泼他的背包,损坏里面的东西。由此可知,作者没有积极反抗是为了保护背包里的东西。故选B。3.A 理解观点、态度 根据第三段中的"emtinally it was very frightening because I felt s pwerless"可知,从情感上来说,这是一次非常可怕的经历,因为作者感到很无力。由此可知,对于作者来说,这次经历是不愉快的。4.D 推断 明题意:本题问的是"最后一段主要传达了什么?"→寻线索:根据最后一段可知,作者认为,如果有人不想被如此对待,那么你应该尊重他们的决定。你不能依赖于官方或某个团体来告诉你这件事是对是错,或者你应不应该做这件事。作者相信这是一种更正常合理的与人相处的方式→定答案:A项"己所不欲,勿施于人";B项"恐惧源于无知";C项"入乡随俗";D项"尊重在人际关系中很重要"。故D项正确。
    4.下定义和分类法(definitin and classificatin)。通常把要下定义的事物置于一个大的类别中,然后用简洁明确的语言说明该事物与同一类别的其他事物有何不同。5.因果法(cause and effect)。原因(cause)指的是引起结果的、发生在过去的事情,结果(effect)指的是已发生的事情产生的或将要产生的后果。比如:海平面上升(cause),一些动物灭绝(effect)。6.事实和观点(facts and pinins)。前者是对事物或事理的客观陈述;后者表达一种个人意见、看法。
    【二次精读】  背景知识:道德自主是一种自我管理或自我决定的哲学,即独立行事而不受到他人的影响。道德自主与一个人在道德/伦理问题上的独立态度有关,有助于改善自决。核心单词:autnmy n.自主(权);自治 healthy adj.正常合理的
    Passage 3话题:自动驾驶汽车  主题语境:人与社会  词数:约350  难度:★★★★☆  高阶思维Fr years, we’ve been tld that self-driving cars are just appraching. But it’s time t accept the truth, said Darrell Etheringtn n TechCrunch: they "aren’t ging t happen" in ur lifetimes.I’ve lng been excited abut the ptential f this technlgy, but my remaining ptimism left me finally last mnth when Frd and Vlkswagen annunced that they were stpping running Arg AI, their autnmus driving tech jint firm. Arg was cnsidered a leader in the field. But Frd feels that "prducing prfitable, fully autnmus vehicles n a large scale(规模) is a lng way ff", and it culd n lnger stmach the increasing csts. This is just the latest setback.True, General Mtrs is making prgress in trialling driverless vehicles n the rads, but nly n a small scale.Tesla is pushing ahead with its self-driving technlgy, but its ambitins can be limited by an investigatin that is lking int sme accidents invlving its "Autpilt" system. Sme f the firmest believers in self-driving technlgy have turned nnbelievers. State-f-the-art rbt cars still "struggle" with cnstructin sites, rad blcks, and smetimes even simple left turns.I recently tk a ride in a self-driving taxi in the city f Chandler, Arizna. There was an undeniable hrrr-mvie aspect t sitting in the back f a vehicle and watching the steering wheel turn autnmusly. T my relief, it slwed when ther vehicles behaved imprperly. I was just abut t feel relaxed and text a cwrker when the taxi came t a sudden stp at ne pint. A truck stpped in frnt f us and wanted t g backwards in rder t take a missed turning. Unclear abut what t d next, the taxi "chirped(吱吱叫) t call a
    human specialist t slve the situatin". Frtunately, the truck driver decided t drive n and we cntinued ur way. My driverless experience made me believe this technlgy may never be pssible t make passengers relaxed when they are in a driverless vehicle. Even s, I wn’t undervalue the technlgical advances that have been made—after all, wh knws what the future will lk like. 1What d Darrell Etheringtn’s wrds indicate abut self-driving cars?A.They are arund the crner. B.They are an impssible apprach us unavidably.D.They affect ur way f travelling.2Why did the authr feel hpeless last mnth?A.Autnmus vehicles were expensive. B.Arg AI had little ptential.C.A self-driving firm wuld be clsed. D.Self-driving technlgy was limited.3What des the authr intend t shw in paragraph 3?A.Different pinins n driverless cars.B.Accidents linked t self-driving systems. C.The prgress in making driverless vehicles.D.The present state f self-driving technlgy. 4What happened during the authr’s self-driving ride?A.He felt nervus all the way. B.The taxi tk a wrng turn.C.A human specialist came t help. D.A truck crashed int the taxi.
    【解析】 作者讲述了自动驾驶汽车的发展现状,并通过介绍自己乘坐自动驾驶汽车的经历来表达对自动驾驶技术的看法。1.B 理解具体信息 根据第一段中的"But it’s time t accept the truth... they ‘aren’t ging t happen’ in ur lifetimes"可知,Darrell Etheringtn认为自动驾驶汽车是不可能实现的梦。故选B。2.C 推断 明题意:本题问的是"为什么上个月作者感到无望?"→寻线索:根据第二段中的"my remaining ptimism left me finally last mnth when Frd and Vlkswagen annunced that they were stpping running Arg AI, their autnmus driving tech jint firm"可知,福特汽车公司和大众汽车公司宣布要关闭它们的自动驾驶技术联合公司,作者仅剩的乐观情绪也消失了→定答案:A项"自动驾驶汽车很贵";B项"Arg AI没什么潜力";C项"一个自动驾驶公司要关闭了";D项"自动驾驶技术被限制了"。故选C。3.D 推断 根据第三段中的"General Mtrs…nly n a small scale""Tesla…but its ambitins can be limited""Sme f the firmest believers in self-driving technlgy have turned simple left turns"可知,本段主要说明了自动驾驶技术的现状。故选D。
    【技巧点拨】  如何准确对文章信息作出推断1.要全面分析所有相关信息,作出合理适度的推断。切忌片面思考或过度推断。2.要忠实原文,根据语篇中的相关信息进行推断,切忌凭空臆断,无中生有。3.要强化"问题意识",避免"答非所问",尤其要排除一些符合自己已有认知但文中没有信息支持的推断。

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