初中英语牛津译林版八年级下册Unit 1 Past and PresentStudy skills优秀当堂检测题

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八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）
一、听力
1）你将听到一篇短文，短文后有五个问题，请根据短文内容，在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。短文读两遍。
1．Which city is Maggie’s favrite?
A．Paris.B．New Yrk City.C．Lndn.
2．When did she g there?
A．In Octber.B．In May.C．In January.
3．Wh did she visit with?
A．Her mtherB．Her teacher.C．Her father.
4．Hw was the weather?
A．Ht and wet.B．Sunny and ht.C．Sunny but cl.
5．What place did Maggie visit?
A．Center Street.B．Histry Museum.C．Chinatwn.
【答案】
1．B
2．A
3．A
4．C
5．B
【原文】
I’m Maggie. I like traveling. I traveled many cities in the wrld, but my favrite city is New Yrk City. It’s fantastic. Last Octber, I went there with my mther. I felt very happy when I arrived. The weather was great. The sun was in the blue sky, but it was nt ht. The wind was really cl. After lunch, we went t Central Park. It’s really nice. We als bught a tie fr my father in a big stre in in Manhattan. It’s really special. We als visited American Natural Histry Museum. I learned mre abut American histry. Hw relaxing and interesting we were! We really enjyed urselves.
2）听一段短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案。
6．Hw many friends des Mike have?
A．Three.B．Fur.C．Five.
7．Hw des Mike g t schl every day?
A．By bike.B．By undergrund.C．Walks t schl.
8．Why des Alex g t schl by car?
A．Because he can’t ride a bike.
B．Because his huse is far frm the schl.
C．Because he always gets up late.
9．Whse huse is the farthest?
A．Alex’s.B．Sam’s.C．Amanda’s.
10．Hw des Amanda g t schl every day?
A．By bike.B．By undergrund.C．On ft
【答案】
6．A
7．A
8．C
9．B
10．C
【原文】
Hi, everyne. My name is Mike. My friends and I are in the same schl, we g t schl in different ways. I g t schl by bike every day because my hme is near the schl. It nly takes me fifteen minutes t ride a bike t schl. Alex’s huse is next t my huse, but his father drives him t schl every day because he always gets up late. Sam lives the farthest, s he takes the undergrund t schl. He spends frty minutes n the way t schl. Amanda’s huse is ppsite ur schl, s she can g t schl n ft.
3）你将听到一篇短文，短文后有五个小题。请根据短文内容．在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。短文读两遍。
11．Why was Tny sad?
A．Because he was ill and culd nt play with thers.
B．Because he was t yung t g ut by himself.
C．Because nbdy wanted t play with him .
12．Hw did Tny feel when he saw a zebra utside the windw?
A．Wrried.B．Surprised.C．Excited.
13．When did Tny’s health imprve?
A．Tw days later.B．Three days later.C．Fur days later.
14．What was in Jack’s schlbag?
A．Sme animals.B．Much fd.C．Many clthes.
15．What did Tny learn frm his experience?
A．One shuld be kind t his friends.
B．Animals can bring gd luck.
C．Getting sick helps yu find real friends.
【答案】
11．A
12．B
13．B
14．C
15．A
【原文】
Tny became ill and had t spend all day in bed. Because ther children culd nt cme near him, he felt sad. There wasn’t much t d, s he just lked ut f the windw. One day, he saw smething strange utside the windw. It was a zebra eating a sandwich. The zebra said “Gd afternn!” t Tny and then left. Tny was surprised. Then, he als saw a mnkey playing with a ball utside his windw. As he saw mre and mre strange animals, Tny culdn’t help laughing and fund it hard t stp. Three days later, his health imprved and he went back t schl. He tld his friends abut all the strange things. When he was talking, he saw many clthes that lked like animals in Jack’s schlbag. Jack wre them t make him happy when he was ill. Frm that day n, Tny always tried his best t make sure his friends arund him never felt sad.
二、单项选择
16．Dn’t ________ any mre time, r we will miss the meeting.
A．saveB．trustC．wasteD．lve
【答案】C
【详解】句意：不要再浪费任何时间了，否则我们会错过会议的。考查动词辨析。save“节约”；trust“信任”；waste“浪费”；lve“爱”。根据后文“r we will miss the meeting（否则我们会错过会议的）”可知，此处表示“不要再浪费任何时间了”，应用动词“waste”表“浪费”，故选C。
17．—I knw ur grandpa lives ________.
—We shuld visit him frm time t time. Then he wn’t feel ________.
A．lnely; alneB．alne; alneC．lnely; lnelyD．alne; lnely
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我知道我们的爷爷一个人住。 ——我们应该不时去拜访他。这样他就不会感到孤独了。
考查alne与lnely的区别。lnely孤独的，偏僻的，形容词，强调主观感受；alne孤独的，独自，可作形容词或副词，强调客观，常与stay、live等连用。第一空表示“一个人生活”，强调客观，用alne修饰动词；第二空表示“感觉孤单”，强调主观感受，用lnely作表语。故选D。
18．Thugh the ld man lived ________, he didn’t feel ________.
A．alne, alneB．lnely, lnelyC．alne, lnelyD．lnely, alne
【答案】C
【详解】句意：虽然这位老人独自生活，但他并不感到孤独。考查词义辨析。alne可用作副词，意为“单独地”，强调客观情况；lnely意为“孤独地”，形容词，强调感情上的孤独；live居住，动词需用副词修饰；feel是系动词，后接形容词作表语，故选C。
19．We must warn peple _______ the danger f this disease.
A．withB．inC．befreD．abut
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我们必须警告人们这种疾病的危险。考查介词。with和……一起；in在……里；befre在……之前；abut关于。warn sb abut sth表示“警告某人某事”，故选D。
20．They haven’t discvered life n Mars ________.
A．alreadyB．tC．yetD．still
【答案】C
【详解】句意：他们在火星上还没有发现生命。考查副词辨析。already“已经”，经常用于肯定句；t“也”，经常用于肯定句句末；yet“还，已经”，可以用于否定句或者疑问句；still“仍然”。根据该句是否定句，此处表示“还”，故选C。
21．These fishes are in danger ________ the dirty water in the river.
A．becauseB．ifC．because fD．as if
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这些鱼正处于危险之中，因为河里的水很脏。 考查词义辨析。because因为，其后加句子；if如果；because f因为，其后加名词/代词/动名词；as if好像。分析“These fishes are in danger…the dirty water”可知，此处表示原因，其后是名词短语the dirty water，故选C。
22．My parents ________ fr twenty years till nw.
A．have been marriedB．has been married
C．have gt marriedD．has gt married
【答案】A
【详解】句意：到现在为止，我的父母已经结婚二十年了。考查现在完成时。根据“fr twenty years”可知，此处强调时间的延续，用have/has been married表示，排除CD；主语My parents是复数，助动词用have。故选A。
23．I’m very happy t see Jack again. We ________ each ther fr almst tw years.
A．didn’t seeB．wuldn’t see
C．hasn’t seenD．haven’t seen
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我很高兴再次见到杰克。我们差不多有两年没见面了。考查现在完成时。根据“fr almst tw years”可知，此处时态是现在完成时，主语是we，助动词用have，故选D。
24．The lcal gvernment has ________ the ld factry ________ a beautiful park.
A．turned; dwnB．turned; intC．put; nD．put; up
【答案】B
【详解】句意：当地政府已经把旧工厂变成了一个美丽的公园。考查动词短语。turned ... dwn调低；turned ... int把……变成……；put ... n穿上；put ... up张贴，搭建。根据“... the ld factry ... a beautiful park”可推出是把旧工厂变成公园。故选B。
25．—Culd yu tell me ________ abut the film, Jane?
—Srry, I dn’t knw ________ abut it.
A．nthing; muchB．nthing; many
C．smething; muchD．smething; many
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——简，你能给我讲讲这部电影吗？——对不起，我不太了解。考查不定代词及副词辨析。nthing“没有什么”，用在肯定句中表示否定意思；smething“某事、某物”，一般用于肯定句，但在表示请求、建议或征求意见的疑问句中也常用；much“许多”，修饰不可数名词，在否定句或疑问句中可以修饰动词，意为“非常”；many“许多”，修饰可数名词复数。第一个空，根据答语“Srry”，可知上句是征求对方的意见，希望得到肯定回答，因此用smething；第二个空，本句为否定句，设空处修饰前面的动词knw，因此用much；故选C。
三、完型填空
It was New Year’s Eve. I was receiving presents. At that time, all I culd think f was, “I dn’t want this. It’s just smething I wn’t use.”
Lking back, I can see hw much I’ve changed. I almst haven’t nticed the change because it happens ____26____ . It’s like when yu were a kid, yu gt ____27____ but yu didn’t ntice until yu std up against the wall with the marks.
I’ve been building my business since 2009. I say building, but what I really mean is learning. I met many ____28____ things in the beginning. I made mistakes, I failed, and I gave up many times. ____29____, I began seeing result when I decided t succeed. It was a big ____30____ in patience. N matter what’s ging n, there will ____31____be prblems. But they dn’t have t make a mess f yur whle life. Be ____32____ with yur prgress. Smetimes it just happens in its wn time.
My life has changed several times by reading. The stries yu read have a lng-lasting influence(影响) n hw yu lk at the wrld. Yu can be stuck n sme prblems, but the answers may cme int yur ____33____ while yu’re reading. Yur mind des nt wrk all the time. Yu can read smething, and maybe yur ____34____ changes frever because f the bks yu read.
We can’t hide frm the changes in life. It’s all abut in what ____35____ yu’re changing. Stay true t yur heart. Yu can be a better persn.
26．A．secretlyB．quicklyC．carefullyD．widely
27．A．fatterB．yungerC．tallerD．better
28．A．pastB．clearC．strangeD．difficult
29．A．SB．HweverC．NwD．While
30．A．blckB．timeC．lessnD．game
31．A．alwaysB．neverC．hardlyD．seldm
32．A．silentB．surprisedC．strictD．patient
33．A．bdyB．mindC．huseD．schl
34．A．hmeB．lifeC．skillD．knwledge
35．A．partB．actinC．directinD．pllutin
【答案】
26．A
27．C
28．D
29．B
30．C
31．A
32．D
33．B
34．B
35．C
【解析】
本文讲述的是面对生活中的改变，应该忠于内心的个人经验。
26．句意：我几乎没有注意到变化，因为它是偷偷发生的。secretly秘密地，暗暗地；quickly快速地；carefully认真地；widely广泛地。根据“I almst haven’t nticed the change”可知，因为改变是在不知不觉中发生的，所以作者才没有注意到，故选A。
27．句意：就像当你还是个孩子的时候，你长高了但你没有注意到，直到你靠着有记号的墙站起来才发现。
fatter更胖；yunger更年轻；taller更高；better更好。根据“but yu didn’t ntice until yu std up against the wall with the marks”可知，在孩童时期，会在墙上标记身高，对比墙上的标记才知道自己是长高了，故选C。
28．句意：开始时我遇到了许多困难。past过去的；clear清晰的；strange奇怪的；difficult困难的。根据“I made mistakes, I failed, and I gave up many times”可知，初期遇到了很多困难，故选D。
29．句意：然而，当我决定成功时，我开始看到结果。s因此；hwever然而；nw现在；while当……时。“I made mistakes, I failed, and I gave up many times”与“I began seeing result when I decided t succeed”是转折关系，故选B。
30．句意：这是一个关于耐心的重要教训。blck街道；time时间；lessn教训；game游戏。根据下文作者对耐心的理解和认可，可知，是从耐心中得到了一个大的教训，故选C。
31．句意：不管发生什么，问题总会出现。always总是；never从不；hardly几乎不；seldm很少。根据后句“But they dn’t have t make a mess f yur whle life.”可知，无论发生了什么，生活中总是有很多问题，但是它们并不会扰乱我们的整个生活，故选A。
32．句意：对你的进步要有耐心。silent安静的；surprised惊讶的；strict严格的；patient耐心的。根据“Smetimes it jus1happens in its wn time”可知，有时进步会按照自己的时间来发生，所以要对自己的进步有耐心，故选D。
33．句意：你可能会被一些问题困住，但是答案可能会在你阅读的时候浮现在你的脑海里。bdy身体；mind思想；huse房子；schl学校。固定搭配：cme int ne's mind表示“某人想起；突然想到”，故选B。
34．句意：你可以读一些东西，也许你的生活会因为你读的书而永远改变。hme家；life生活；skill技能；knwledge知识。根据下文中“We can’t hide frm the changes in life.”可知，生活会因为所读的书而发生改变，故选B。
35．句意：关键在于你要改变什么方向。part部分；actin行动；directin方向；pllutin污染。根据“Stay true t yur heart. Yu can be a better persn”可知，不管你正在朝什么方向改变，只要保持真诚的心，你就可以成为更好的人，故选C。
四、阅读单选
A
Henry was wrried. This was his first time t take a plane. He was taking a trip t Hng Kng. He didn’t knw hw t find his seat, s he went t the air hstess (空姐) and asked, “Culd yu help me? I can’t find my seat.” The air hstess shwed him his seat and tld him t sit dwn and fasten the seat belt (系上安全带).
She tld Henry, “Sir, dn’t mve abut when the plane went up-yu had t sit in yur seat fr a few minutes. And yur ears might feel a little uncmfrtable when the plane went up, but yu didn’t need t wrry abut it, because many peple felt like that. When the plane flew very high, yu culd stand up and walk arund. Yu culd als read bks and newspapers, listen t music r watch films. Three ther air hstesses and I wuld bring fd and drinks. If yu need, please tell us.”
“Oh, thank yu. It’s great that I can watch films n the plane. I wn’t be bred all the way. Thank yu s much,” said Harry.
36．Where was Henry ging?________
A．China.B．England.C．America.D．Japan.
37．The underlined wrds “mve abut” means “________”.
A．eat a ltB．talk with thers
C．d sme readingD．walk here and there
38．Hw many air hstesses wuld bring fd and drinks?________
A．Tw.B．Three.C．Fur.D．Five.
39．The air hstess tld Harry that his ________ might feel a little uncmfrtable n the plane.
A．earsB．eyesC．feetD．arms
40．Harry might ________ next n the plane.
A．walk arundB．watch films
C．read newspapersD．listen t music
【答案】
36．A
37．D
38．C
39．A
40．B
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍亨利第一次坐飞机的经历。
【解析】
36．细节理解题。根据“He was taking a trip t Hng Kng.”可知，他去香港旅行，故选A。
37．词义猜测题。分析“Sir, dn’t mve abut when the plane went up-yu had t sit in yur seat fr a few minutes.”可知，飞机起飞时不要乱动，需要在座位上坐几分钟，此处mve abut的意思是“移动”，故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据“Three ther air hstesses and I wuld bring fd and drinks.”可知，一共是四位空姐进行餐饮服务，故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据“And yur ears might feel a little uncmfrtable when the plane went up”可知，当飞机起飞时，耳朵可能会感到有点不舒服，故选A。
40．推理判断题。根据“Oh, thank yu. It’s great that I can watch films n the plane. I wn’t be bred all the way.”可推测，亨利接下来会看电影，故选B。
B
Great changes have taken place in family life because f science and industry（工业）. In the past, when mst Americans lived n farms, the typical（典型的）family had many children. In a farm family, parents and their children ften lived with grandparents. Often t, uncles and aunts lived nearby. But when industry became mre imprtant than agriculture（农业）in American life, families became smaller because industry requires（需要） wrkers wh are ready and able t mve ff the land and mve again whenever necessary. And large families cannt mve frm place t place as smaller families can. S, at present peple tend t have smaller families.
In the future, because f industrializatin（工业化）, a typical family will be required t mve even mre ften than nw, s families will be even smaller. The typical family may have n child but nly f a man and a wman. A small number f families may take raising children as their main wrk. At the same time they may als raise ther peple’s children, leaving thse families free t mve frm jb t jb.
41．Which f the fllwing tpics is discussed in the passage?________
A．Develpment f science and industry in America.
B．Influence（影响）f science and industry n American families.
C．Harmful effect f industrializatin.
D．Scial prblems resulting frm the highly develped science and industry in America.
42．What kinds f families are described in the passage?________
A．Families f the past .
B．Families f the present and the future.
C．Families f the past and the future.
D．Families f the past, the present and the future.
43．Accrding t the writer, what is ne f the reasns that families are getting smaller in America?________
A．Children tend（倾向）t leave their parents and grandparents when they grw up.
B．Peple stp caring fr having children.
C．The need fr wrkers wh are able t mve at any time has been increasing.
D．Bth ld and yung peple prefer t live by themselves.
44．Wh will take the main wrk t raise children in the future?________
A．Mst families.B．All families.
C．Scial wrkers.D．A small number f families.
45．What can yu infer frm the passage?________
A．Science and industry have caused thusands f families t split(破裂).
B．Children d nt live with their parents r grandparents.
C．Large families can hardly survive in mdern sciety.
D．Americans are very chsy abut their jbs.
【答案】
41．B
42．D
43．C
44．D
45．C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了由于工业的发展，家庭也受到了影响，原来的家庭孩子多，而现在的家庭孩子少，由于工业的发展家庭会总是搬动，有的家庭只有一个孩子或者没有孩子。
41．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Great changes have taken place in family life because f science and industry（工业）.”并通读全文可推断，文章主要讲述了科学和工业的发展给美国家庭生活带来的影响。故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In the past”“at present”以及第二段中的“in the future”可知，文章描述了过去、现在和未来这三种家庭。故选D。
43．细节理解题。根据第一段中“ industry requires（需要） wrkers wh are ready and able t mve ff the land and mve again whenever necessary”可知，工业的发展对工人能够随时搬家的需求在增长，这是导致美国家庭越来越小的原因之一。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据第二段中“A small number f families may take raising children as their main wrk.”可知，未来少数家庭会把抚养孩子作为主要工作。故选D。
45．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，随着科学和工业的发展，流动的劳动人口增多，因此，家庭规模越来越小，由此可以推断，大规模的家庭在现代社会中难以生存。故选C。
五、填写适当的单词补全对话
用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空，使对话完整。
Anna: What is the tpic f yur prject?
Alice: Abut the pllutin in ur city.
Anna: It is a gd tpic.
Alice: The pllutin is rather serius. It's said sme factries ___46___ (pur) waste water int the river near ur city.
Anna: It may ___47___ (pllute) ur water.
Alice: We shuld___48___ (d) a survey near the river and __49__ (take) actin.
Anna: Hw great yur idea is!
Alice: I'll write my reprt and d smething fr it. Wuld yu lve t d it with me?
Anna: Sure! Let's ___50___ (wrk) tgether.
Alice: The city is ur hme. It is ur duty___51___ (make) it clean and beautiful.
Anna: Well, ur envirnment needs everyne's effrt.
【答案】
46．pur
47．pllute
48．d
49．take
50．wrk
51．t make
【分析】
文章大意：本文是安娜和爱丽丝就城市污染问题的一段对话。爱丽丝说现在污染相当严重，据说有些工厂向城市附近的河里排放废水，所以应该做一个调查，采取行动。安娜说这是个好主意，爱丽丝请安娜和她一起工作，为保护环境大家共同努力。
【解析】
46．句意：据说一些工厂把废水排入我们城市附近的河里。根据题干可知主句是一般现在时，从句的主要sme factries为复数形式，所以此处应用动词原形，故答案填pur。
47．句意：它可能会污染我们的水。pllute 动词，意思是“污染”，前面的may为情态动词，后接动词原形，故答案填pllute。
48．句意：我们应该在河边做一个调查并采取行动。d动词，意思是“做”，前面的shuld为情态动词，后接动词原形，故答案填d。
49．句意：我们应该在河边做一个调查并采取行动。take动词，意思是“拿、采取”，take actin“采取行动”，and连接两个并列成分，设空处和前面的动词d是并列成分，用在情态动词shuld后面，所以应填原形形式，故答案填take。
50．句意：让我们一起工作。Let sb.d sth.固定搭配，意思是“让某人做某事”，所以应填动词原形，故答案填wrk。
51．句意：使它干净美丽是我们的责任。It is ne's duty t d sth.固定句型，“做某事是某某的职责”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，故答案填t make。
【点睛】
补全对话旨在考查学生实际运用日常交际用语的能力。这种题型形式贴近生活，能开拓学生的思维能力。做这种题时要面向整体内容，切忌片面理解。首先要把全篇对话通读一遍，了解对话的整体结构，把握对话的内容及语境，理解双方的谈话意图。抓住关键词，进行推理，使填词后组成的句子结构完整、合理。如，第47小题，pllute 动词，意思是“污染”，前面的may为情态动词，后接动词原形，故答案填pllute。第50小题，Let sb.d sth.固定搭配，意思是“让某人做某事”，所以应填动词原形，故答案填wrk。
六、完成句子
52．在某些方面，生活比以前更幸福了。
Life is happier than befre ________.
【答案】in sme ways
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处填“在某些方面”，考查短语in sme ways，在句中作状语。故填in sme ways。
53．你过去很安静的。
Yu________very quiet.
【答案】used t be
【详解】根据中文提示，过去是……的：used t be...，属固定搭配，故填used t be。
54．她半个小时前在这儿。
She ________.
【答案】was here half an hur ag
【详解】be here在这儿；half an hur ag半小时前，是一般过去时的标志。根据语境可知句子是一般过去时，结合she是单数第三人称，系词需用was，故填was here half an hur ag。
55．你曾经考虑过这个计划吗？
_______ ________ ________ thught abut the plan?
【答案】 Have yu ever
【详解】结合中英文提示可知，此处缺的是“你曾经……”，ever“曾经”，是现在完成时的标志词，句子应用现在完成时，主语是yu，助动词应用have，疑问句要把助动词have提前，故填Have yu ever。
56．你离开后，要确保与我联系。
Be sure ________________ while yu are away.
【答案】t keep in tuch with me
【详解】结合中英文提示可知，此处缺的是“与我联系”，英语表达为keep in tuch with me，此处是be sure t d sth，此处应用不定式的结构，故填t keep in tuch with me。
七、书面表达
请以The changes in my hmetwn为题，写一篇不少于80字的英语短文。要点必须包括以下几点： 1、家乡过去和现在的环境变化。2、家乡过去和现在的生活变化。 3、家乡过去和现在的交通变化。 4、你的观点。
The changes in my hmetwn
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
The Changes in My Hmetwn
In the past, my hmetwn was very small. Peple lived a pr life. The huses were ld and small. Pllutin was very serius, and there was rubbish everywhere. The transprtatin was nt cnvenient, s few visitrs came here.Nw great changes have taken place in my hmetwn. The envirnment has becme much better. The muntains have turned greener. The rivers are clearer and the sky is bluer. There are trees, flwers and grass everywhere. Peple live a better life. Their huses are large and bright. Many peple have their wn cars.Every year, thusands f peple frm all ver the wrld cme t visit ur city. I'm sure my hmetwn will becme better and better in the future.
【详解】
这是一篇要求介绍自己家乡变化的作文。动笔前先要认真阅读要点，围绕要点组织材料，然后用正确的英语句子把这些内容表达出来，在此基础上亦可适当发挥，注意不要遗漏材料中给出的要点。注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。