专题22 中国汽车工业迎来里程碑式发展-2024届高考英语时文阅读外刊精选精练

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专题22
中国汽车工业迎来里程碑式发展
【原文·外刊阅读】
Chinese aut industry hits milestnes in 2023, in vivid shw f high-quality develpment
（文章来源：Glbal Times）
China's vehicle industry reached milestnes in 2023, with recrd prductin and sales, accrding t industry data released n Thursday, paving the way fr the cuntry t ptentially becme the wrld's largest car exprter. The mmentus develpment f China's aut industry is a vivid display f nt nly the success f China's industrial upgrading, but als the cuntry's vast ptential fr high-quality develpment, experts nted. It als ffered a pwerful rebuttal t narratives f "China ecnmy cllapsing" r "China peaking," which are prevalent in the Western wrld, they said.
China's car utput exceeded 30.16 millin units in 2023, up 11.6 percent year-n-year, and sales exceeded 30.09 millin units, up 12 percent, accrding t data released by the China Assciatin f Autmbile Manufacturers (CAAM). Bth utput and sales set new recrds, accrding t the CAAM. Cui Dngshu, secretary-general f the China Passenger Car Assciatin, said that the recrd numbers were a milestne fr the Chinese aut industry, but mre imprtantly, underscred vast ptential. "The ttal utput and sales figures set new recrds and als represented the new space fr develpment, which has increased ur expectatins fr market grwth and the ptential fr prmting cnsumptin," Cui tld the Glbal Times n Thursday.
Als crucially, China's aut exprts hit 4.91 millin, up a whpping 58 percent year-n-year, the CAAM data shwed. With such rbust figures, China is expected t becme the wrld's biggest car exprter. "It tk China 55 years t increase the number f autmbile exprts frm ne t 1 millin. In 2021, they exceeded 2 millin, and in 2023, they reached 4.91 millin, appraching 5 millin," Fu Bingfeng, executive vice president and secretary-general f the CAAM, was quted by China Media Grup as saying.
Since its start in 1953, China's aut industry has achieved ne milestne after anther. In 1956, China's first dmestically made Jiefang truck rlled ff the prductin line, ending the lng histry f China being unable t make cars. In 2009, utput and sales bth exceeded 10 millin fr the first time, surpassing the US t be the wrld's biggest car prducer and seller, a title China has held fr 15 years.
Befre 2023, Japan was the wrld's biggest aut exprter, but data during the year shwed that China had vertaken Japan t becme the wrld's tp car exprter. With an impressive number f 4.91 millin in car exprts fr the full year, many believe that China surpassed Japan in 2023. Li Yng, a senir research fellw at the China Assciatin f Internatinal Trade, said that the recrd prductin and sales figures als represented a milestne fr China's entire manufacturing industry. "The develpment f the aut industry is a crucial indicatr f a cuntry's manufacturing capabilities and its verall strength," Li tld the Glbal Times n Thursday, nting that the rise f China's aut industry is a micrcsm f the rise f China's advanced manufacturing industry and its verall natinal strength. Mre than just recrd prductin and sales numbers, China's aut industry is steadily rising t the tp in terms f technlgies, particularly in the new-energy vehicle (NEV) industry, experts nted.
In 2023, China exprted 1.203 millin NEVs, up 77.6 percent year-n-year, accrding t the CAAM. China became the wrld's largest surce fr patents in the area f electric vehicle pwertrain batteries in the secnd quarter f 2023, accrding t GlbalData, an industry data prvider. In September, Chinese NEV makers dminated an aut shw in Munich, Germany, drawing glbal headlines. In the furth quarter f 2023, Chinese carmaker BYD C vertk US-based Tesla Inc t becme the wrld's biggest electric carmaker. The rise f the NEV industry is a micrcsm f the achievements made in China's upgrade f its vast manufacturing industry, exprt sectr and dmestic market - all crucial t China's high-quality develpment, experts said.
Li said that China's rbust NEV sectr als prpelled the cuntry's pursuit f renewable energies and green develpment, and supprted the upgrade f China's exprt industry. "NEVs became ne f the tp 'new three items' f China's exprts, with the ther tw being batteries and slar panels. It als highlighted China's bming digital ecnmy and high-quality develpment," Li said.
【原创·阅读理解】
1.What milestnes did China's vehicle industry achieve in 2023, accrding t the industry data released n Thursday?
A. Recrd prductin and sales.
B. Becming the wrld's largest car prducer.
C. Overtaking the US as the wrld's biggest car exprter.
D. Achieving breakthrughs in electric vehicle technlgies.
【答案】A
【解析】
根据文章，中国汽车工业在2023年取得了生产和销售的历史性成就，创下了记录。故选A项。
2.What is the significance f China's aut industry reaching milestnes in 2023, accrding t experts?
A. It indicates China's decline in industrial upgrading.
B. It suggests China's ptential fr high-quality develpment.
C. It highlights China's struggle with ecnmic cllapse.
D. It cnfirms China's decline in the glbal car market.
【答案】B
【解析】
文章中指出，中国汽车工业在2023年取得里程碑式的发展，不仅表明了中国工业升级的成功，还显示了中国高质量发展的巨大潜力。故选B项。
3.What area f China's aut industry shwed significant prgress in 2023, and hw is it cnsidered a micrcsm f China's verall achievements?
A. Traditinal car prductin; it reflects China's advanced manufacturing industry.
B. New-energy vehicle (NEV) industry; it mirrrs China's upgrade f its manufacturing industry.
C. Car exprts; it represents China's bming digital ecnmy.
D. Battery manufacturing; it indicates China's high-quality develpment.
【答案】B
【解析】
文章中提到，中国汽车工业在2023年取得了新能源汽车（NEV）行业的显著进展，这被认为是中国整体成就的一个缩影，尤其是在制造业的升级方面。故选B项。
【精选·名校好题】
Ⅰ
（2024·重庆南开中学联考）In July 1915, severely trtured by his pr health, James Murray, ne f the early editrs f the Oxfrd English Dictinary (OED), defined ne final wrd. After his 36 years’ dedicatin t the dictinary, his hard labur had taken a tll, knwing he wuld nt see the prject cmplete.
The petic quality f Murray’s final days is ne f the many memrable tales in The Dictinary Peple. Beginning in 1857, the OED was a huge crwdsurcing prject - “the Wikipedia f the 19th century” - cmprising 3, 000 peple. The idea was t create a “descriptive” dictinary that tracked wrds’ use and meaning ver time, unlike its “prescriptive”18th-century predecessr by Samuel Jhnsn, which tld readers hw t say and use wrds. Vlunteers read widely, mailing in examples f hw “rare, ld-fashined, new, strange” wrds were used. What is surprising abut this fairly randm methd is that it wrked.
The rigin stry f Sarah Ogilvie’s bk is almst as imprbable as that f the dictinary itself. Ms Ogilvie, a frmer schlar wh served as an editr fr the OED, went int the dcuments f Oxfrd University Press and came acrss an ld ntebk. It had belnged t Murray and cntained the names and details f the dictinary vlunteers, mst f whm had previusly been unknwn. The Dictinary Peple is her wrk f detective schlarship, bringing the lives behind the names t readers.
Ms Ogilvie’s bk is full f intriguing stries. The presentatin f the bk is uncnventinal, t, taking its structure frm the wrk it describes. There are 26 alphabetical chapters, each celebrating a grup f cntributrs ( memrably, “K” is fr “kleptmaniac” peple wh desire t steal). This is a clever arrangement, thugh it smetimes means that brader issues emerge nly in pieces.
Essentially, this is a stry abut rdinary peple. It is cncrete prf f thse wh, t cite dictinary-helper Gerge Elit, “lived faithfully a hidden life, and rest in unvisited tmbs”.
9．What des the underlined expressin “taken a tll” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Paid ff.
B．Prved in vain.
C．Wrn ut the passin.
D．Had a harmful effect.
10．What can we learn abut the Oxfrd English Dictinary?
A．It serves as an example f dictinary editing.
B．It prvides precise directins fr wrd usage.
C．It is a cperative wrk f many vlunteers.
D．It was edited with the help f Samuel Jhnsn.
11．What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．The stry behind Sarah Ogilvie’s bk.
B．The detective methds f Sarah Ogilvie.
C．Legends f the early OED editrs.
D．Murray’s rle in editing the OED．
12．Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A．A review f a bk.
B．A bigraphy f an editr.
C．An essay n dictinary editing.
D．An intrductin t a dictinary.
【答案】9．D 10．C 11．A 12．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对Ogilvie女士的书的评论及介绍了第一部牛津字典的形成及背后的人对它的重大贡献。
9．词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句“After his 36 years’ dedicatin t the dictinary, his hard labur had ...”(在他36年致力于编纂词典之后，他的辛勤劳动。)及最后一句“knwing he wuld nt see the prject cmplete.”(因为他不会看到项目完成。)可知，因为他不会看到项目完成，所以在他36年致力于编纂词典之后，他的辛勤劳动没有产生明显的效果。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Beginning in 1857, the OED was a huge crwdsurcing prject - “the Wikipedia f the 19th century” - cmprising 3, 000 peple.”（从1857年开始，牛津英语词典是一个庞大的众包项目—“19世纪的维基百科”—由3000人组成。）及第二段倒数第二句“Vlunteers read widely, mailing in examples f hw “rare, ld-fashined, new, strange” wrds were used.”（志愿者们广泛阅读，邮寄“稀有、老式、新、奇怪”单词的使用示例。）可知，这是许多志愿者的合作工作。故选C项。
11．段落大意题。根据第三段“ Ms Ogilvie, a frmer schlar wh served as an editr fr the OED, went int the dcuments f Oxfrd University Press and came acrss an ld ntebk. It had belnged t Murray and cntained the names and details f the dictinary vlunteers, mst f whm had previusly been unknwn. The Dictinary Peple is her wrk f detective schlarship, bringing the lives behind the names t readers.”（曾担任《牛津英语词典》编辑的学者Ogilvie女士查阅了牛津大学出版社的文件，发现了一本旧笔记本。它属于默里，包含了词典志愿者的姓名和详细信息，其中大多数人以前都不知道。《人物词典》是她的侦探学术作品，将名字背后的生活带给读者。）可知，这段讲的是Sarah Ogilvie的书背后的故事。故选A项。
12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Essentially, this is a stry abut rdinary peple. It is cncrete prf f thse wh, t cite dictinary-helper Gerge Elit, “lived faithfully a hidden life, and rest in unvisited tmbs”.(本质上，这是一个关于普通人的故事。用词典助手乔治·艾略特的话来说，这是这些人“忠实地过着隐秘的生活，安息在无人问津的坟墓里”的具体证据。)”结合文章讲述了对Ogilvie女士的书的评论及介绍了第一部牛津字典的形成及背后的人对它的重大贡献。可知，这篇文章可能选自书评。故选A项。
Ⅱ
（2023·盐城田家炳中学联考）The needs f plus size cnsumers have lng been the elephant in the rm f the fashin industry until bdy psitivity and fat acceptance mvements prmted the slgan (口号) that large-bdied peple are nt thse wh are left behind. This size-inclusive (尺码包容) trend has becme s ppular that it is influencing mainstream culture. As a result, fashin brands have finally decided t extend their size ranges. In 2022, the plus-size market grew twice as fast as the standard size market in bth Nrth America and the UK.
Yet, many cnsumers say fashin brands bradening their ranges are nt truly inclusive. “Inclusive sizing means that all bdies are included in fashin, nt just the nes wh fit in standard sizes,” says Marie Suthard Ospina, a UK-based jurnalist wh cvers bdy-image issues. “Hwever, what many designers d right nw is pick a number that they think is big enugh t include plus sizes and stp. This is even mre disrespectful.”
Researchers als criticize that sme brands are just taking advantage f the trend. “Brands that used t prmte s-called perfect bdies in their advertisements are nw trying t get in n the trend by adding a few sizes. It desn’t feel like they really care abut plus-size peple,” says Tm Burgess, analyst in fashin industry. “If brands cared abut large-bdied cnsumers, then it wuldn’t have taken until nw t acknwledge that they exist,” he says. “It gives the impressin that cmpanies are just trying t gain a share f the market withut a real cmmitment t the cmmunity.”
The fashin industry must g beynd merely prducing clthing in a range f sizes if they hpe t succeed with a bdy -diverse wrld. The whle industry has t cnnect n a persnal level with cnsumers. That invlves shwing shppers that they are seen, understd and imprtant t brands. “Cnsumers care abut values, and s they want t buy frm brands that reflect the values they believe in. Everyne shuld enjy the same range f fashin ptins,” says Ludvica Cesare, prfessr f marketing at the Cllege f Business in the US.
13．What d the underlined wrds “the elephant in the rm” mean in the first paragraph?
A．The ht issue that is valued.
B．The bvius truth that is ignred.
C．The imprtant principle that is recgnized.
D．The cmmn phenmenn that is criticized.
14．Why d cnsumers say fashin brands are nt truly inclusive?
A．They pick sizes randmly.
B．They ffer limited plus sizes.
C．They treat designers disrespectfully.
D．They haven’t bradened standard sizes.
15．Fr what d researchers mainly criticize sme brands?
A．Their designs. B．Their quality.
C．Their mtivatins.D．Their advertisements.
16．What des the last paragraph imply?
A．Buyers may deserve fashin that fits their figure.
B．Cnsumers prefer brands with persnalized values.
C．Brands shuld catch up with the size-inclusive trend.
D．A gd brand image is critical in the fashin industry.
【答案】13．B 14．B 15．C 16．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了很多品牌推出了加码衣服，却只是为了迎合尺码包容这一趋势，而并非真正的满足客户的需要。品牌如果真的想要取得成功，就需要关心消费者的价值观。
13．词义猜测题。根据文章划线短语the elephant in the rm后的内容“until bdy psitivity and fat acceptance mvements prmted the slgan (口号) that large-bdied peple are nt thse wh are left behind.(直到身体积极性和脂肪接受运动推动了这一口号，身材魁梧的人并应该被抛在后面。)”可知，新的口号的是身材魁梧的人并应该被抛诸脑后，故这些人原来一直是被忽视的，且根据划线词the elephant(大象)可知，此处划线词意思与B项“被忽视的明显的事实”意思相近，故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第二段““Inclusive sizing means that all bdies are included in fashin, nt just the nes wh fit in standard sizes,” says Marie Suthard Ospina, a UK-based jurnalist wh cvers bdy-image issues. “Hwever, what many designers d right nw is pick a number that they think is big enugh t include plus sizes and stp. This is even mre disrespectful.”(报道身体形象问题的英国记者Marie Suthard Ospina说道：“包容性的尺码意味着所有的身体都包含在时尚内，而不是仅仅符合那些标准尺码的身体。然而，许多设计师现在所做的仅仅是选择一个他们认为足够大的尺寸。这是极其不尊重人的”。)”可知，消费者认为世上品牌并不是真正的包容性，是因为他们只提供那些符合标准尺码的身体，而不适合所有的身体，故其提供的大码是有限的，故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据文章第三段““If brands cared abut large-bdied cnsumers, then it wuldn’t have taken until nw t acknwledge that they exist,” he says. “It gives the impressin that cmpanies are just trying t gain a share f the market withut a real cmmitment t the cmmunity.”(他说道：“如果品牌关心大码消费者，那么它就不会直到现在才承认他们的存在。这给人的印象就是，公司只是想要在市场上占有一席之地，而不是真正的对社区做出承诺。”)”可知，研究者批评一些品牌是因为一些品牌并不是真正地关心大码消费者，而只是为了在市场上占有一定的位置，迎合趋势而已，故是因为品牌的动机而批评他们，故选C。
16．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Cnsumers care abut values, and s they want t buy frm brands that reflect the values they believe in. Everyne shuld enjy the same range f fashin ptins,” says Ludvica Cesare, prfessr f marketing at the Cllege f Business in the US.(美国商学院市场营销教授Ludvica Cesare说道：“消费者关心价值，因此他们想要从反映他们所信仰的价值观的品牌那里购买东西。每个人都应该享受同样的时尚选择”。)”可推知，消费者在乎自己的价值观是否在品牌那里体现出来，因此他们更喜欢能体现自己价值观的品牌，故选B。