中考英语复习专题精讲学案_初中英语【形容词、副词】考点+例题解析
展开1.单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成
2.多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加mre或mst。如:
3.有几个形容词、副词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化:
总结为“两好,两坏,两多,一少,一老,一远”不规则。
注意:
二、形容词、副词比较级的用法
1.形容词的比较级可以单独使用:
Be mre careful next time. 下次小心点。
Which bk is better? 哪本书更好?
2.也可以和than连用,表示两者相比,than后可以跟:
a. 名词或代词:
He is lder than me / I . 他年龄比我大。
b. 动名词:
Skiing is mre exciting than skating. 滑雪比滑冰更刺激。
c. 从句:
I was a better singer than he was. 我唱歌比他好。
句型1:as+形容词原形+as
This jacket is as beautiful as that ne. 这件夹克和那件一样漂亮。
句型2. nt as+形容词原形+as=nt s+形容词原形+as 前者不及/不如后者
This schl is nt as beautiful as that ne. 这所学校没有那所漂亮。
表达前者不如后者还可以用:less +原级+than
This schl is less beautiful than that ne. 这所学校不如那所漂亮。
句型3:倍数的表达
1)表示“是的几倍时” 倍数+as 原级
This garden is ten times as large as that ne。 这个花园是那个的九倍大。
倍数的表达:nce ; twice ; three times; fur
2)表示“比...多几倍” 倍数 + 比较级+than
His garden is 9 times larger than that ne. 他的花园比那个大九倍。
句型4 :比较级+than any ther+单数名词 “比其他的任何一个...”
He is taller than any ther by in his class. 他比班上任何一个男孩都高。
句型5 :the +比较级+f the tw…(the twins.) “两个中较”
Amy is the shrter f the tw girls. 艾米是两个女孩中较矮的一个。
句型6 :(单音节)比较级 + and + 比较级”
(多音节)“mre and mre +原级”, 越来越……
better and better fatter and fatter mre and mre beautiful
句型7 :the 比较级+句子, the 比较级+句子 越……, 越……。
The harder yu study, the better grades yu will get.
你学习越努力,成绩就会越好。
注意:比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词:
My sister is ten years yunger than me. 我妹妹比我小十岁。
三、形容词、副词比较级的修饰语
修饰形容词,副词比较级的常用修饰词有:n, a little, a bit, much, even, still, a lt, any等.
只用于修饰比较级的:much; still; even
在否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中,修饰形容词,副词的比较级,只能用any来修饰.
He can't jump any higher. 他不能跳得更高了.
Can he jump any higher? 他能跳得更高一些吗?
D yu feel any better tday? 你今天感觉好一点了吗?
If yu can jump any higher, I will give yu a prize.
如果你能跳得更高些,我就奖励你.
四、最高级的使用
(三者或三者以上) 形容词的最高级要加定冠词the , 副词最高级可省略the,
句型1 :the+最高级+ f /in
a. in 表示“在…内(指某范围内)” 可以跟表示单位,组织,时间等单数名词.
My mther is the busiest in my family. 我妈妈是我家最忙的
b. f表示属性(指在同类的人,物中)后可接the +基数词 / the +基数词+名词复数 / all +the +复数名词/all
Jim wrks hardest f us all. 在我们当中,吉姆工作最努力。
Of the muntains , this is the highest. 在这些山中,这是最高的。
句型2 :One f+the+最高级+名词复数 “最……的……之一”
One f the mst imprtant languages is English. 最重要的语言之一是英语。
句型3 :the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+in短语 “ 在……中是第几个……”
The Yellw River is the secnd lngest river in China. 黄河是中国第二大河。
比较级中为了避免重复,常用ne/that/thse替代名词。往往指与前面同类而不是同一个的事物。
This pen is shrter than that ne. 这支钢笔比那支短。
The weather here is much htter than that f Shanghai.
这里的天气比上海的天气热得多。
The cars made in Tianjin is much mre ppular than thse in Shanghai.
天津制造的汽车比上海制造的汽车更受欢迎。
中考真题巩固练习(解析在后面)
1.-Many by students think math is ______ English.
-I agree.I'm weak in English.( )
A.much difficult thanB.s difficult as
C.less difficult thanD.mre difficult than
2.-Hw was yur interview fr the wrk?
-Oh,I culdn’t feel any .I hardly understd mst f the questins they asked.( )
A.harderB.happierC.betterD.wrse
3.N muntain in the wrld is as as Qmlangma.( )
A.highB.higherC.highest
4.He is very rich but that day he bught ______ bike t save mney fr the pr children.( )
A.an expensiveB.a mre expensive
C.the mre cheaperD.the cheapest
5.-"Fd Safety"prblem is becming these days.
-I think s.The gvernment must d smething t deal with it.( )
A.smaller and smallerB.wrse and wrse
C.better and betterD.nicer and nicer
6.-This kind f watch is much _____ tday than last mnth.Wuld yu like t have ne?
-Really?I'll take ne.( )
A.the mst expensiveB.the cheapest
C.mre expensiveD.cheaper
7.-Playing vide games is a waste f time.
-I can't agree mre.There are meaningful things t d.( )
A.the mstB.the leastC.mreD.less
8.-Ry never likes junk fd.
-Neither d I.That's prbably why I'm becming ____ nw.( )
A.healthy and weakB.healthier and healthier
C.weaker and weakerD.mre and mre healthily
9.The talent shw is ______ the game shw.I like bth.( )
A.as bring asB.nt s bred as
C.as interesting asD.nt s interested as
10.A jurney by train is than by cach.( )
A.mre relaxingB.relaxing
C.mst relaxingD.the mst relaxing
11.I have been t quite a few restaurants,but I can say this ne is .( )
A.gdB.betterC.the betterD.the best
12.-Wh will yu ask t help with the wrk,Lucy r Lily?
-Lily.She is much ________.( )
A.carefulB.mre carefulC.mst careful
13.-D yu knw Shanghai is ne f ______ in the wrld?
-Yes,it's bigger than ______ city in China.( )
A.the biggest city;any
B.the biggest cities;any
C.the biggest cities;any ther
14.-Gd news! Metr Line 11will be pen n June 30in ur city.
-Great! It will make ur lives mre .( )
A.richerB.easier C.faster
15.Amng the fur seas ff the cast f China,East China Sea is the secnd ______.( )
A.deepB.deeperC.deepestD.the deepest
中考真题及解析
1.-Many by students think math is ______ English.
-I agree.I'm weak in English.( )
A.much difficult thanB.s difficult as
C.less difficult thanD.mre difficult than
【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级.
【分析】--许多男生认为数学不如英语难.--我赞成.我英语很差.
【解答】答案:C 联系汉语意思可知,这是math(数学)和English(英语)两者作比较,应该使用比较级.根据I agree. I'm weak in English可知,下文赞成上文的说法,表示数学不如英语难,所以此处应用表示"不如…难"的意思.又知much difficult than有语法错误,much修饰比较级;s difficult as意为和…一样难;less difficult than意为不如…难;mre difficult than意为比…更难.所以此处应用less difficult than.故选C.
2.-Hw was yur interview fr the wrk?
-Oh,I culdn’t feel any .I hardly understd mst f the questins they asked.( )
A.harderB.happierC.betterD.wrse
【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级.
【分析】翻译:你的工作面试怎样?
哦,我感觉不能再糟糕了.我几乎不理解他们问的大部分的问题.
【解答】答案:D.harder是更难的意思,happier是更开心的意思,better是更好的意思,wrse是更差的意思,因为下句是I hardly understd mst f the questins they asked(我几乎不理解他们问的大部分的问题),所以该用感觉更差,故选D.
3.N muntain in the wrld is as as Qmlangma.( )
A.highB.higherC.highest
【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级.
【分析】世界上没有一座山和珠穆朗玛峰一样高.
【解答】答案:A.
根据N muntain in the wrld is as as Qmlangma,可以推测句意是"世界上没有一座山和珠穆朗玛峰一样高.",由于设空处所在的短语是as…as,其用法是:中间用形容词或副词原级,表示"和…一样",故选A
4.He is very rich but that day he bught ______ bike t save mney fr the pr children.( )
A.an expensiveB.a mre expensive
C.the mre cheaperD.the cheapest
【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级.
【分析】他很富有,但那天他为了给贫穷的孩子们省钱买了最便宜的自行车.
【解答】答案:D.根据语境t save mney fr the pr children(为了给贫穷的孩子们省钱)可推知"要省钱必须买最便宜的",故bike前应为形容词的最高级,又cheap是单音节形容词,故其最高级为cheap+est,又最高级前应加the,故答案为D
5.-"Fd Safety"prblem is becming these days.
-I think s.The gvernment must d smething t deal with it.( )
A.smaller and smallerB.wrse and wrse
C.better and betterD.nicer and nicer
【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级.
【分析】---如今,"食品安全"问题变得越来越糟糕.
---我也这样认为.政府必须采取措施来应对这一问题了.
【解答】答案:B 根据选项可知smaller and smaller意为越来越小;wrse and wrse意为越来越差;better and better意为越来越好;nicer and nicer意为越来越好.又根据 The gvernment must d smething t deal with it可知,希望政府采取措施应对这一问题,可推测上文意为"食品安全"问题越来越糟糕,是比较级 and 比较级的用法,表示越来越…所以此处应用wrse and wrse.故选B
6.-This kind f watch is much _____ tday than last mnth.Wuld yu like t have ne?
-Really?I'll take ne.( )
A.the mst expensiveB.the cheapest
C.mre expensiveD.cheaper
【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级.
【分析】--现在这种手表比上个月便宜多了,你要买一个吗?
--真的吗?我要买一个.
【解答】答案:D the mst expensive最贵的,形容词expensive的最高级;the cheapest最便宜的,形容词cheap的最高级;mre expensive比较昂贵的,形容词expensive的比较级;cheaper更便宜的,形容词cheap的比较级;根据句子中"much…than…"可知这里要用比较级,结合下文语境可知:"这种手表比上个月便宜多了,所以我要买一块."故选:D
7.-Playing vide games is a waste f time.
-I can't agree mre.There are meaningful things t d.( )
A.the mstB.the leastC.mreD.less
【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级.
【分析】--玩电子游戏是浪费时间.
--我完全赞同.有更多有意思的事情要做.
【解答】答案C 根据答语"I can't agree mre."表示完全赞同,完全赞同玩电子游戏是浪费时间.这里句子意思中用了比较级"有更多有意思的事情可做."the mst/the least修饰多音节形容词的最高级,less不如,修饰多音节形容词的比较级;mre更多,修饰多音节形容词的比较级,故选:C
8.-Ry never likes junk fd.
-Neither d I.That's prbably why I'm becming ____ nw.( )
A.healthy and weakB.healthier and healthier
C.weaker and weakerD.mre and mre healthily
【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级.
【分析】--罗伊从不喜欢垃圾食品.
--我也不吃垃圾食品.那可能是为什么我变得越来越健康的原因.
【解答】答案:B healthy and weak健康和虚弱的,形容词原形;形容词或副词比较级用and来接,表示越来越…weaker and weaker越来越虚弱,mre and mre healthily越来越健康,这里healthily为healthy副词形式,修饰实义动词;healthier and healthier越来越健康,根据句子意思"我喜欢垃圾食品,那可能是我越来越健康的原因.",becme为系动词后跟形容词.故选:B.
9.The talent shw is ______ the game shw.I like bth.( )
A.as bring asB.nt s bred as
C.as interesting asD.nt s interested as
【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级.
【分析】选秀节目和游戏竞赛节目一样有趣,我两者都喜欢.
【解答】答案:C 根据句子中"I like bth.我两者都喜欢."这里bth指的"the talent shw和the game shw",根据"我喜欢选秀节目和游戏竞赛节目."可知,这里应该用as interesting as和…一样有趣,as…as中间用形容词或副词的原级,故选:C.
10.A jurney by train is than by cach.( )
A.mre relaxingB.relaxing
C.mst relaxingD.the mst relaxing
【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级.
【分析】坐火车旅行比坐大巴旅行更加令人轻松.
【解答】答案:A
根据句中的than,可知此处需要形容词的比较级.即:坐火车旅行和坐大巴旅行 进行比较,relaxing的比较级是 mre relaxing;故选A
11.I have been t quite a few restaurants,but I can say this ne is .( )
A.gdB.betterC.the betterD.the best
【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级.
【分析】我去过很多餐馆,但是我可以说这家是最好的.
【解答】答案:D.
根据比较范围 quite a few restaurants"很多餐馆"可知这里要用形容词的最高级,句意是"我去过很多餐馆,但是我可以说这家是最好的.",gd的最高级是best,且最高级前要加the.故选:D.
12.-Wh will yu ask t help with the wrk,Lucy r Lily?
-Lily.She is much ________.( )
A.carefulB.mre carefulC.mst careful
【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级.
【分析】--你将会要求谁帮着做那项工作,Lucy还是Lily?
--Lily,她认真的多.
【解答】答案:B.
根据"Wh will yu ask t help with the wrk,Lucy r Lily?"可知此处是拿Lucy 和 Lily这两者做比较,应该用比较级.句意是"--你将会要求谁帮着做那项工作?Lucy还是Lily--Lily,她认真的多.",所以用 careful的比较级mre careful,故选B
13.-D yu knw Shanghai is ne f ______ in the wrld?
-Yes,it's bigger than ______ city in China.( )
A.the biggest city;any
B.the biggest cities;any
C.the biggest cities;any ther
【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级;形容词词义辨析.
【分析】--你知道上海是世界上最大的城市之一吗?
--是的,它比中国任何一个城市都大.
【解答】答案:C 考查词组ne f+the形容词最高级+名词复数,即ne f the biggest cities最大的城市之一,根据than这里要用比较级,当比较对象属于比较范围之内,要用any ther+可数名词单数,故选:C.
14.-Gd news! Metr Line 11will be pen n June 30in ur city.
-Great! It will make ur lives mre .( )
A.richerB.easier C.faster
【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级.
【分析】-好消息!地铁11号线在我们城市6月30日开放.
-好极了!它将使我们的生活更方便.
【解答】答案:B richer更富有的,easier更容易的,更方便的,faster更快的.根据句意可知:地铁11号线将使我们生活更方便.考查mre cnvenient的同义词,即easier,故选:B
15.Amng the fur seas ff the cast f China,East China Sea is the secnd ______.( )
A.deepB.deeperC.deepestD.the deepest
【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级.
【分析】在中国沿海的四个大洋中,东海是第二个最深的海洋.
【解答】答案:C 根据句意:在中国沿海的四个大洋中,东海是第二个最深的海洋.可知这里要用形容词的最高级,考查序数词后接形容词最高级the secnd deepest,故选:C.
情况
构成方式
原级
比较级
最高级
一般情况
加-er或-est
new
lng
newer
lnger
newest
lngest
以e结尾的词
加-r或-st
fine
late
finer
later
finest
latest
以“辅音+y”结尾的词
变y为i再加-er 或-est
early
happy
earlier
happier
earliest
happiest
重读闭音节的词末尾只有一个辅音字母
先双写辅音字母,再加-er或-est
ht
thin
fat
htter
thinner
fatter
httest
thinnest
fattest
原级
比较级
最高级
useful
mre useful
mst useful
difficult
mre difficult
mst difficult
delicius
mre delicius
mst delicius
原级
比较级
最高级
gd / well
better
best
bad / ill
wrse
wrst
many / much
mre
mst
little
less
least
ld
lder(新旧或年龄)
/ elder(兄弟姐妹的长幼关系)
ldest/ eldest
far
farther(表示距离,译为“更远”)
/ further(表示程度,译为“进一步的”)
farthest/ furthest
healthy
healthier
healthiest
friendly
friendlier
friendliest
crwded
mre crwded
mst crwded
专题03 形容词&副词-初中英语重要语法精讲精练(江苏专用): 这是一份专题03 形容词&副词-初中英语重要语法精讲精练(江苏专用),共11页。
2024届中考英语语法复习专题7形容词 副词考点聚焦和精讲(解析版): 这是一份2024届中考英语语法复习专题7形容词 副词考点聚焦和精讲(解析版),共51页。
2024届中考英语语法复习专题7形容词 副词考点聚焦和精讲(原卷版): 这是一份2024届中考英语语法复习专题7形容词 副词考点聚焦和精讲(原卷版),共40页。