《微专题小练习》英语新高考练习42　语法填空＋阅读理解＋应用文写作

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这是一份《微专题小练习》英语新高考练习42　语法填空＋阅读理解＋应用文写作，共4页。

Ⅰ.语法填空
Wdcarving is a branch f carving. It is ne f the traditinal Chinese art frms with a timehnred histry. It riginated in the Nelithic perid, and the 1.________ (begin) f wdcarving accmpanied peple's everyday life demands. Later, when peple had 2.________ ability t use their imaginatin t express ideas, it became a kind f art. The earliest existing wdcarving 3.________ (dig) ut in the 1980s in Hubei Prvince, which is believed 4.________ (have) a histry f ver tw thusand years. Generally, Chinese wdcarving in ancient times 5.________ (cnsist) f three majr categries: architecture carving, furniture carving and artwrk carving.
Wdcarving serves practical purpses and at the same time is 6.________ decrative value. Chairs, tables, shelves, animals, flwers and human figures 7.________ (carve) ut f wd are cmmn examples f this frm f art. In a pem by Han Yu, 8.________ was an utstanding pet f the Tang Dynasty, he described a wdcarved figure vividly.
Chinese wdcarving is appreciated wrldwide fr its 9.________ (true) detailed structures and the beauty f its themes. Tday, many 10.________ (impress) wdcarvings can be seen in private galleries and als in residential areas n bth sides f the Yangtze River.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A

The Nbel Prize has been awarded t 60 wmen between 1901 and 2022. These wmen have made utstanding cntributins t the wrlds f medicine, science, literature and s n. Here are fur f them.
Drthy Crwft Hdgkin
Award: Nbel Prize in Chemistry
Year: 1964
Drthy Hdgkin was a British chemist whse interest in research began when, as a child, she received a chemistry bk cntaining experiments with crystals (晶体). She studied at Oxfrd University and develped prtein crystallgraphy, which advanced the develpment f Xrays. This earned her the Nbel Prize.
Gertrude B. Elin
Award: Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine
Year: 1988
Gertrude Elin wn the Nbel Prize fr her discveries f imprtant principles fr drug treatment. Elin had watched her grandfather die f cancer, s she decided t fight the disease thrughut her life. Elin, tgether with Gerge Hitchings, with whm she shared the award, created a system fr drug prductin that relies heavily n bichemistry.
Tni Mrrisn
Award: Nbel Prize in Literature
Year: 1993
Tni Mrrisn, whse bk “Belved” earned her the Pulitzer Prize and the American Bk Award, was the first Black wman t ever receive the Nbel Prize in Literature. Brn in Ohi, Mrrisn was a writer whse wrks are mstly abut life in the Black cmmunity. She taught writing and served as an hnrary prfessr at Princetn University.
Esther Dufl
Award: Nbel Prize in Ecnmics
Year: 2019
Esther Dufl shared her prize with her research clleagues Michael Kremer and Abhijit Banerjee. wh is her husband. Dufl has spent much f her career at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy, where she earned her dctrate degree in 1999. Dufl and her partners were awarded the Nbel Prize fr their apprach t fighting pverty arund the wrld.
1．What wn Drthy Crwft Hdgkin the Nbel Prize ?
A．Her bk abut crystals.
B．Her cntributin t Xray develpment.
C．Her research n medicine.
D．Her discvery f a new prtein crystal.
2．What d Tni Mrrisn's bks mainly fcus n?
A.Educatinal issues.
B．Cmmunity service.
C．Writing techniques.
D．Black American's life.
3．What d Gertrude B. Elin and Esther Dufl have in cmmn ?
A．They wn the Nbel Prize in the same year.
B．They devted themselves t fighting diseases.
C．They shared the Nbel Prize with thers.
D．Their life experiences cmmitted them t their fields.
B

On March 7，1907, the English statistician Francis Galtn published a paper which illustrated what has cme t be knwn as the “wisdm f crwds” effect. The experiment f estimatin he cnducted shwed that in sme cases, the average f a large number f independent estimates culd be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren't always the same. Sme peple will tend t verestimate, and sme t underestimate. When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether, they cancel each ther ut, resulting in a mre accurate estimate. If peple are similar and tend t make the same errrs, then their errrs wn't cancel each ther ut. In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple's estimates be independent. If fr whatever reasns, peple's errrs becme crrelated r dependent, the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn.
But a new study led by Jaquin Navajas ffered an interesting twist (转折) n this classic phenmenn. The key finding f the study was that when crwds were further divided int smaller grups that were allwed t have a discussin, the averages frm these grups were mre accurate than thse frm an equal number f independent individuals. Fr instance, the average btained frm the estimates f fur discussin grups f five was significantly mre accurate than the average btained frm 20 independent individuals.
In a fllwup study with 100 university students, the researchers tried t get a better sense f what the grup members actually did in their discussin. Did they tend t g with thse mst cnfident abut their estimates? Did they fllw thse least willing t change their minds? This happened sme f the time, but it wasn't the dminant respnse. Mst frequently, the grups reprted that they “shared arguments and reasned tgether.” Smehw, these arguments and reasning resulted in a glbal reductin in errr.
Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain, the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisinmaking are enrmus.
4．What is paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut?
A．The methds f estimatin.
B．The underlying lgic f the effect.
C．The causes f peple's errrs.
D．The design f Galtn's experiment.
5．Navajas' study fund that the average accuracy culd increase even if ________．
A．the crwds were relatively small
B．there were ccasinal underestimates
C．individuals did nt cmmunicate
D．estimates were nt fully independent
6．What did the fllwup study fcus n?
A．The size f the grups.
B．The dminant members.
C．The discussin prcess.
D．The individual estimates.
7．What is the authr's attitude tward Navajas' studies?
A.Unclear. B．Dismissive.
C．Dubtful. D．Apprving.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
[2023·福建省高三练习卷]近日，你校英语报拟介绍学生参与社团的情况。请你结合图表信息，以“Our Schl Clubs”为题写一篇英语短文投稿，内容包括：
1．参与社团的情况；
2．你的看法。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Our Schl Clubs
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