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2023-2024学年北京市大兴区高二上学期期中检测英语试卷含答案
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这是一份2023-2024学年北京市大兴区高二上学期期中检测英语试卷含答案，文件包含北京市大兴区2023-2024学年高二上学期期中检测英语试卷原卷版docx、北京市大兴区2023-2024学年高二上学期期中检测英语试卷解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共42页， 欢迎下载使用。
满分：100分 考试时长：90分钟
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In the heart f the city, nested between the twering skyscrapers, std a little library that had withstd the test f ___1___. Every brick and bk in that building held stries nt just frm the pages, but f the cuntless suls wh had walked its ___2___.
Anna, a yung writer, ften visited this asis (绿洲) f knwledge. She was n the ___3___ f publishing her first bk but was facing the crippling self-dubt that ften trubles creatrs. One evening, as she wandered between the shelves, she happened t see an ld, dusty ___4___. It was a jurnal frm the 1800s, written by a then-unknwn writer named Lillian.
As Anna skimmed thrugh the pages, she was ___5___ by Lillian’s struggles which mirrred her wn. Lillian wrte f her rejectins, her mments f despair, and the nights she wanted t give up. But she als wrte f her ___6___ mments, where the wrds flwed like a river and the stries tk a life f their wn.
The final entry was dated a day befre Lillian’s first bk was published. It read, “T the future dreamers wh may find this: Remember, every ___7___ has its dawn. Yur struggles are merely the dark befre the mrning light. Keep writing, keep dreaming, and ne day, yur stries will light up smene’s ___8___ just as yu have lit up mine.”
Anna felt a cnnectin t Lillian acrss the centuries. With renewed ___9___, she left the library, ready t face the challenges ahead. Fr in her heart, she carried Lillian’s stry — a beacn f hpe and a testament t the timeless jurney f ____10____.
1.
A. mdernityB. timeC. innvatinD. criticism
2.
A. rwsB. rmsC. seatsD. gates
3.
A. edgeB. tpC. endD. middle
4.
A. nvelB. diaryC. manuscriptD. brchure
5.
A. preventedB. amazedC. struckD. puzzled
6.
A. disrderlyB. rdinaryC. brightD. final
7.
A. stryB. nightC. pathD. task
8.
A. dayB. wrldC. despairD. bk
9.
A. energyB. purpseC. hesitatinD. perspective
10.
A. creatinB. writingC. discveryD. learning
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个小小图书馆，不仅承载了书籍里的故事，也书写了读者的故事。年轻作家Anna面临要出版的书籍，处于焦虑期，当她来到这个图书馆偶然发现了几个世纪以前的Lillian的日记，这本日记唤起了Anna的共鸣，激励了她继续前行。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在城市的中心，高耸的摩天大楼之间，矗立着一个经受住了时间考验的小图书馆。A. mdernity现代性；B. time时间；C. innvatin创新；D. criticism批评。根据后文“Every brick and bk in that building held stries nt just frm the pages, but f the cuntless suls…(大楼里的每一块砖、每一本书都承载着故事，不仅仅是书页上的故事，还有无数灵魂的故事……)”的描述可推知，这个小小图书馆有着无数的故事，历史悠久，经历了时间的洗礼。故选B项。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这座建筑里的每一块砖和每一本书都有故事，不仅来自书页，还有无数走过这座建筑的灵魂的故事。A. rws排；B. rms房间；C. seats座位；D. gates大门。分析语境可知，该部分的主题是“a little library(一个小图书馆)”，同时结合常识，无论是来这里选择书架上的书，还是坐在成排的桌子前看书，人们都会一排一排的走过。因此，这里应是“rws”，用在句中表达来此的人一排一排的走过。故选A项。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她快要出版第一本书，但却面临着严重的自我怀疑，这常常困扰着创作者。A. edge边缘；B. tp顶端；C. end末尾；D. middle中间。固定搭配“n the edge f ding”，意为“快要做某事，即将做某事”。故选A项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，当她在书架之间徘徊时，偶然看到一本尘封的旧日记。A. nvel小说；B. diary日记；C. manuscript手稿；D. brchure资料（或广告）手册。根据后文“It was a jurnal(这是一本日记)”可知，这是一本日记。故选B项。
5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Anna浏览页面时，她被Lillian的挣扎所打动，这与她自己的挣扎如出一辙。A. prevented阻止；B. amazed使震惊；C. struck引起（强烈感情）；D. puzzled使困惑。根据后文“Lillian wrte f her rejectins, her mments f despair, and the nights she wanted t give up.(Lillian写下了她的排斥，她绝望的时刻，以及她想放弃的夜晚)”可推知，Lillian在日记里写到的感受，Anna都经历过，感同身受，所以她有深深的触动。“be struck by”，意为“被……所触动，被……打动”。故选C项。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她也写下了自己的精彩时刻，文字像河流一样流动，故事也有了自己的生命。A. disrderly混乱的；B. rdinary普通的；C. bright鲜艳的；D. final最后的，最终的。分析语境可知，该句前有“But(但是)”，因此，所选词应与前一句中的“rejectins(排斥)”，“despair(绝望)”等为反义词。故选C项。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于未来的梦想家们，你们可能会发现：记住，黑夜也有黎明（黑夜过去就是黎明）。A. stry故事；B. night黑夜；C. path小路，路线；D. task任务。根据后文“Yur struggles are merely the dark befre the mrning light.(你的挣扎不过是黎明前的黑暗)”可知，黑暗过去才会有黎明，即黑夜过去才会有黎明。“every night has its dawn”意为“每个夜晚之后都有黎明”。故选B项。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：继续写作，继续梦想，总有一天，你的故事会照亮别人的世界，就像你照亮我的世界一样。A. day白天；B. wrld世界；C. despair绝望；D. bk书籍。根据前文“The final entry was dated a day befre Lillian’s first bk was published.(最后一个条目的日期是Lillian的第一本书出版的前一天)”可知，Lillian的第一本书出版了，由此可推知，这里Lillian鼓励“后来人”终有一天也能用故事点亮他人的精神世界。故选B项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着新的活力，她离开了图书馆，准备迎接未来的挑战。A. energy活力；B. purpse目的；C. hesitatin犹豫踟蹰；D. perspective观点。根据前文“Anna felt a cnnectin t Lillian acrss the centuries.(Anna觉得自己和Lillian有一种跨越几个世纪的联系)”可推知，Anna受到了鼓励，重新焕发了精神和活力。故选A项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为在她的心中，她承载着Lillian的故事——一座希望的灯塔，也是写作永恒之旅的见证。A. creatin创作；B. writing写作；C. discvery发现；D. learning学问。根据前文“she carried Lillian’s stry(她带着Lillian的故事)”可推知，Anna继续坚持写作。故选B项。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Millins f years ag, the Earth ___11___(inhabit) by wnderful creatures that n lnger walk ur lands. One such creature, the dd, nce thrived n the islated island f Mauritius. It was a flightless bird ___12___ a unique appearance. Sadly, due t human interference and intrduced species, these birds were driven t extinctin within a few centuries f their ___13___(discver).
【答案】11. was inhabited
12. with 13. discvery
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种几百万年以前在地球上出现过，现已灭绝的鸟类。
【11题详解】
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：数百万年前，地球上居住着奇妙的生物，这些生物现已不再在我们的土地上行走。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词；根据时间状语“Millins f years ag”可知，应用一般过去时；主语是“the Earth”，与“inhabit”之间为被动关系，表示“地球被……居住”，故应用被动语态，且谓语动词为单数。故填was inhabited。
【12题详解】
考查介词。句意：这是一种不会飞的鸟，有着独特的外表。分析句子可知，空处应为介词，后接名词短语“a unique apperance”；介词with表示“具有”，符合句意。故填with。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：可悲是，由于人类的干扰和外来物种的引入，这些鸟类在发现后的几个世纪内就灭绝了。根据“their”可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；discvery为名词，意为“发现、发觉”，符合句意。故填discvery。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Marie Curie, brn in Warsaw, Pland, was a trailblazing physicist and chemist acknwledged fr her ___14___(pineer) research n radiactivity. Nt nly did she becme the first wman ___15___(win) a Nbel Prize, but she als remains the nly persn wh has wn Nbel Prizes in bth Physics and Chemistry. Her dedicatin and perseverance in a male-dminated field ___16___(inspire) cuntless individuals wrldwide.
【答案】14. pineering
15. t win 16. inspired##has inspired.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了玛丽·居里在科学上所做出的功绩和获得的奖项。
【14题详解】
考查形容词。句意：玛丽·居里出生于波兰华沙，是一位开拓性的物理学家和化学家，以其在放射性方面的开创性研究而闻名。根据空格后的名词research可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，根据句意“开拓性的”是形容词pineering。故填pineering。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她不仅成为第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性，而且仍然是唯一一位同时获得诺贝尔物理学和化学奖的人。空格处作定语，被修饰名词wman被序数词修饰时应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填t win。
【16题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：她在男性主导的领域中的奉献精神和毅力激励了全世界无数人。空格处作谓语，根据句意应用一般过去时或现在完成时，主语Her dedicatin and perseverance in a male-dminated field为第三人称给单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填inspired/has inspired。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
During the Renaissance, a perid ___17___ cvers frm the 14th t the 17th century, Eurpe experienced a revival f art, culture, and intellect. Lenard da Vinci, ften referred t as the archetype f the “Renaissance Man”, was nt nly an artist but als ___18___ inventr, scientist, and mathematician. His painting, the Mna Lisa, is cnsidered ne f ___19___(famus) icnic wrks f art. Yet, many f his ___20___(inventin), althugh revlutinary, were nt built during his lifetime.
【答案】17. which##that
18. an 19. the mst famus
20. inventins
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了文艺复兴时期著名艺术家、科学家和数学家列奥纳多·达·芬奇的生平事迹。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在14世纪到17世纪的文艺复兴时期，欧洲经历了艺术、文化和智力的复兴。此处为定语从句修饰先行词perid，先行词在从句中作主语，可用which/that引导从句。故填which/that。
【18题详解】
考查冠词。句意：列奥纳多·达·芬奇，通常被称为“文艺复兴时期的人”的原型，他不仅是一位艺术家，还是一位发明家、科学家和数学家。inventr为可数名词，此处表示泛指，inventr发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。
【19题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：他的画作《蒙娜丽莎》被认为是最著名的标志性艺术作品之一。空格处作定语，ne f+the+形容词最高级+复数名词，为固定结构，意为“最……之一”。故填the mst famus。
【20题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：然而，他的许多发明虽然具有革命性，但并不是在他有生之年完成的。根据空格前的his和many f 可知，空格处应填名词的复数形式作主语。故填inventins。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节,38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Hrizn Institute: Annual Winter Wrkshp
Backgrund
Established in 2005, Hrizn Institute is cmmitted t bridging the gap between academic thery and real-wrld applicatin. With ver 20,000 alumni wrldwide, ur fcus is n prviding hands-n experiences in a wide range f disciplines.
Wrkshp Details:
Dates: December 5th - December 20th
Curses Available: Advanced Mathematics, Experimental Physics, Digital Art Design, and Leadership Dynamics.
Eligibility: Students aged 12-18 with a keen interest in the chsen subject.
Fee: $350 fr a single curse. Enrll in tw r mre curses fr a 15% discunt n the ttal fee.
Facilities and Features:
State-f-the-art labratries and design studis.
Interactive sessins with industry experts.
Dedicated mentrship by experienced prfessinals.
Access t ur extensive library and nline resurces.
Additinal Benefits:
Certificatin upn curse cmpletin.
Opprtunities fr internships in partner rganizatins.
Netwrking events with Hrizn alumni and industry leaders
Fr Mre Details:
Visit ur campus n Nvember 15th fr an pen huse sessin.
Cntact us via email: cntact@hrizninstitute.rg r call: (456) 789-0123.
21. What is Hrizn Institute’s primary missin?
A. Hsting winter wrkshps every year.
B. Organizing netwrking events fr students.
C. Linking academic teachings t practical experiences.
D. Offering nline curses in varius disciplines.
22. What can students expect when they jin in the wrkshp?
A. Free meals thrughut the curse.
B. Persnalized ne-n-ne teaching sessins.
C. Interactin with prfessinals frm varius industries.
D. A chance t study abrad with partner institutins.
23. Hw can smene gather in-depth infrmatin abut the wrkshp?
A. By brwsing the institute’s nline catalg.
B. By attending the pen huse n Nvember 15th.
C. By waiting fr the annual newsletter.
D. By jining the institute’s scial media page.
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了地平线研究所年度冬季研讨会的相关信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Backgrund部分的“Established in 2005, Hrizn Institute is cmmitted t bridging the gap between academic thery and real-wrld applicatin.(地平线研究所成立于2005年，致力于弥合学术理论与现实应用之间的差距。)”可知，地平线研究所的主要使命是将学术教学与实践经验联系起来。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Facilities and Features部分的“Interactive sessins with industry experts.( 与行业专家的互动会议。)”和“Dedicated mentrship by experienced prfessinals.(由经验丰富的专业人士提供专业指导。)”可知，学生们可以期待与来自不同行业的专业人士进行互动。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Fr Mre Details部分的“Visit ur campus n Nvember 15th fr an pen huse sessin.(11月15日参观我们的校园，参加开放日活动。)”可知，可以通过参加11月15日的开放日来收集有关研讨会的深入信息。故选B。
B
In the sprawling metrplis f Grayville, where skyscrapers tuched the heavens and streets were cnstantly buzzing with life, there existed a unique place called “The Crner f Quietude”. It was neither a park nr a building. In fact, it was simply a street crner, marked by a single lamppst with a peculiar sign: “Speak sftly, fr this is a place f slace”.
Legend had it that anyne speaking beneath this lamppst, regardless f the surrunding nise, wuld find their wrds drwned ut, replaced by an mysterius peace. Over the years, many had cme t experience its magic. They spke f heartbreaks, dreams, regrets, and wishes, seeking slace in its embrace.
Ella, a jurnalist new t Grayville, stumbled upn this crner during an assignment. Dubtful, she decided t test the legend. Whispering her deepest fears abut her failing career and struggles in the big city, she was shcked when all she heard was a calming whisper, almst as if the wrld arund her paused.
Ella dug int the histry f “The Crner f Quietude”. She discvered that decades ag, a musician named Alaric had lst his vice and wuld visit the crner every night, playing his silent tunes n a vilin, hping t cmmunicate thrugh his music. Sme believed that the crner absrbed Alaric’s yearning fr expressin and became a place fr all wh sught t vice their innermst emtins.
24. What was unique abut “The Crner f Quietude” in Grayville?
A. It was the ldest park in this busy city.
B. It was where Alaric played music every night.
C. Peple fund their wrds replaced by quietness.
D It was a silent zne where n sund was allwed.
25. Why did Ella cme t the crner in the first place?
A. T check the legend.B. T whisper her fears.
C. T meet the musician.D. T finish her assignment.
26. Hw did Ella react upn experiencing the crner’s magic?
A. She felt it was just anther city mystery.
B. She immediately believed in the legend.
C. She wrte an article t clarify the truth.
D. She was surprised and felt a sense f calm.
27. What is suggested abut the musician Alaric?
A. He was the funder f Grayville and the crner.
B. He reclaimed his vice by playing at the crner.
C. He played music t disrupt the peace f the crner.
D. His silent tunes cntributed t the crner’s mysterius sense.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“安静之角”的特殊之处。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Legend had it that anyne speaking beneath this lamppst, regardless f the surrunding nise, wuld find their wrds drwned ut, replaced by an mysterius peace. (传说任何在这个灯柱下说话的人，不管周围有什么噪音，都会发现他们的话被淹没，取而代之的是一种神秘的平静。)”可知，在格雷维尔的《安静之角》人们发现他们的话语被安静所取代。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Ella, a jurnalist new t Grayville, stumbled upn this crner during an assignment. Dubtful, she decided t test the legend. (艾拉是格雷维尔新来的记者，在一次任务中偶然发现了这个角落。她心存疑虑，决定验证一下这个传说。)”可知，埃拉来到这里是为了验证一下这个传说。故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Whispering her deepest fears abut her failing career and struggles in the big city, she was shcked when all she heard was a calming whisper, almst as if the wrld arund her paused. (她低声诉说着自己对事业失败和在大城市里的挣扎最深的恐惧，当她听到的只是平静的低语时，她震惊了，仿佛她周围的世界都停顿了。)”可知，埃拉在经历了角落的魔法后感到很惊讶，但又感觉仿佛她周围的世界都停顿了，即感到一种平静。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“She discvered that decades ag, a musician named Alaric had lst his vice and wuld visit the crner every night, playing his silent tunes n a vilin, hping t cmmunicate thrugh his music. Sme believed that the crner absrbed Alaric’s yearning fr expressin and became a place fr all wh sught t vice their innermst emtins. (她发现，几十年前，一位名叫阿拉里的音乐家失声了，每天晚上都会来到这个角落，用小提琴演奏他无声的曲调，希望通过他的音乐与人交流。一些人认为，这个角落吸收了阿拉里克对表达的渴望，成为所有寻求表达内心情感的人的地方。)”可知，阿拉里那无声的曲调增加了角落的神秘感。故选D。
C
Chinese scientists recently achieved precise ttal synthesis (合成) f sugar frm carbn dixide in the labratry, marking a crucial step in artificial sugar synthesis.
The synthesis, which tk mre than tw years t realize, was achieved by teams frm the Chinese Academy f Sciences’ Tianjin Institute f Industrial Bitechnlgy and the academy’s Dalian Institute f Chemical Physics. Their research was published last week in a paper in Chinese Science Bulletin, a multidisciplinary academic jurnal.
Sugar is a majr surce f energy fr the human bdy and a key raw material fr industrial prductin, and it is mainly btained by extracting it frm crps such as sugar cane. Hwever, the traditinal methd f extractin is limited by the energy cnversin efficiency f plant phtsynthesis. Mrever, the prcess f extracting sugar has been affected by uncertain raw material supplies due t land degradatin and shrtages, ecsystem degradatin and extreme weather and natural disasters caused by glbal warming.
As a result, artificial sugar synthesis has been cntinually studied by the scientific cmmunity in recent years, and scientists arund the wrld have cntributed t the effrt. In their latest research, the Chinese scientists adjusted high-cncentratin carbn dixide and ther raw materials in the reactin slutin. With the help f chemical catalysts and enzyme (酶) catalysts, they btained fur kinds f sugars: glucse, allulse, tagatse and mannse.
The experiment lasted abut 17 hurs, much shrter than the time required fr traditinal methds f sugar extractin, accrding t Yang Jiangang, lead authr f the paper and assciate researcher at the Tianjin institute.
The efficiency f sugar synthesis in this study was 0.67 grams per liter per hur, which was mre than 10 times higher than the previus results achieved by scientists wrldwide. Yang said that the carbn dixide t sugar cnversin rate f glucse reached 59.8 nanmles f carbn per milligram f catalyst per minute. This is the highest level f artificial sugar prductin knwn dmestically and internatinally.
The study als achieved precise cntrl f artificial sugar synthesis. “By cntrlling the varied catalytic effects f different enzymes, theretically almst any type f sugar can be synthesized,” Yang said. Regarding the study, Manfred Reetz, a member f the German Natinal Academy f Sciences Lepldina, said it is a particularly challenging task t cnvert carbn dixide int sugars.
The achievement by Chinese scientists has prvided a flexible, multifunctinal and efficient sugar synthesis rute, which pens a dr fr green chemistry, Reetz said. Green chemistry, similar t sustainable chemistry, is a rapidly develping field that fcuses n hw t fully utilize raw materials and energy in the prcess f prducing the intended prduct while minimizing r eliminating the use and generatin f harmful substances.
Carbn dixide t sugar cnversin is seen as an example f green chemistry, since it was cnducted under nrmal temperature and pressure cnditins and did nt yield any harmful substances.
28. Why d scientists keep studying artificial sugar synthesis?
A. Because sugar is an essential energy surce fr industrial prductin.
B. Because the traditinal extractin apprach is nt envirnmentally friendly.
C. Because raw material supply is unreliable in the prcess f traditinal sugar extractin.
D. Because the traditinal extractin apprach is less prductive than plant phtsynthesis.
29. Hw is the Chinese study significant?
A. It synthesized almst all types f sugar in the labratry.
B. It cntrlled varied catalytic effects f different enzymes.
C. It cnverted high-cncentratin carbn dixide int sugar.
D. It lasted 17 hurs, shrter than previus traditinal methds.
30. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. Green chemistry helped use up all raw materials t generate mre prducts.
B. Carbn dixide t sugar cnversin will be used in industrial prductin sn.
C. Green chemistry is a new field where Chinese scientists will put mre effrts n.
D. Carbn dixide t sugar cnversin will take up all sugar prductin due t its efficiency.
【答案】28. C 29. C 30. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章讲述了中国科学家最近在实验室中实现了用二氧化碳精确合成糖，标志着人工糖合成迈出了关键一步。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Mrever, the prcess f extracting sugar has been affected by uncertain raw material supplies due t land degradatin and shrtages, ecsystem degradatin and extreme weather and natural disasters caused by glbal warming.(此外，由于土地退化和短缺、生态系统退化以及全球变暖导致的极端天气和自然灾害，原料供应不确定，影响了提取糖的过程)”及文章第四段“As a result, artificial sugar synthesis has been cntinually studied by the scientific cmmunity in recent years, and scientists arund the wrld have cntributed t the effrt.(因此，近年来，人工糖的合成一直受到科学界的不断研究，世界各地的科学家都为这一努力做出了贡献)”可知，传统的糖提取过程中原料供应不可靠，所以科学家一直研究人工糖合成。故选C项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第六段“The efficiency f sugar synthesis in this study was 0.67 grams per liter per hur, which was mre than 10 times higher than the previus results achieved by scientists wrldwide. Yang said that the carbn dixide t sugar cnversin rate f glucse reached 59.8 nanmles f carbn per milligram f catalyst per minute. This is the highest level f artificial sugar prductin knwn dmestically and internatinally.(在这项研究中，糖的合成效率为每小时0.67克每升，比全球科学家之前取得的成果高出10倍以上。杨教授说，二氧化碳转化为糖的葡萄糖转化率达到每毫克催化剂每分钟59.8纳摩尔的碳。这是国内和国际上已知的人造糖产量的最高水平)”可知，二氧化碳转化为糖的葡萄糖转化率浓度高，糖的合成效率为每小时0.67克每升，比全球科学家之前取得的成果高出10倍以上，所以中国科学家的研究意义重大，是因为它将高浓度的二氧化碳转化为糖。故选C项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“The achievement by Chinese scientists has prvided a flexible, multifunctinal and efficient sugar synthesis rute, which pens a dr fr green chemistry, Reetz said. Green chemistry, similar t sustainable chemistry, is a rapidly develping field(Reetz说，中国科学家的这一成就提供了一种灵活、多功能和高效的糖合成途径，为绿色化学打开了一扇门。绿色化学，类似于可持续化学，是一个快速发展的领域)”及最后一段“Carbn dixide t sugar cnversin is seen as an example f green chemistry, since it was cnducted under nrmal temperature and pressure cnditins and did nt yield any harmful substances.(二氧化碳到糖的转化被视为绿色化学的一个例子，因为它是在常温常压条件下进行的，不产生任何有害物质)”可知，二氧化碳精确合成糖为绿色化学打开了一扇门，它是一个快速发展的领域，可得出绿色化学是中国科学家将投入更多努力的一个新领域。故选C项。
D
Making electricity ut f fssil fuels releases lts f greenhuse gases, which accumulate in the atmsphere and heat up the planet. Nuclear pwer, n the ther hand, has the ptential t be an almst unlimited and mre climate-friendly energy surce. That is because in cntrast t fssil fuels, n greenhuse gases are released directly during the immediate use f the fuel.
Hwever, there are als several majr prblems. First, the mining f nuclear fuel is cstly and energy intensive and causes many envirnmental prblems. Secnd, nuclear energy prductin generates significant amunts f radiactive waste, which is extremely dangerus if nt handled safely. Finally, the entire prcess requires very cmplex and energy intensive infrastructure (基建), which cntributes t indirect greenhuse gas emissins.
We use cmputer and mathematical mdels t understand if it might be pssible t redesign nuclear pwer statins in a way that they run n nuclear waste. This wuld reduce the negative impacts f current and future nuclear pwer generatin immensely.
Our mdel shw that it is feasible (可行的) t redesign nuclear pwer statins in a way they can run n spent nuclear fuel (SNF). Plus, the SNF des nt have t be further mdified befre it is used. Even better, ur advanced nuclear pwer statins d nt prduce any additinal waste. While these innvative pwer statins d nt yet exist, ur research indicates that they are a real pssibility fr the future.
In ur research, s-called mlten salt reactrs seem a prmising candidate fr the new type f nuclear pwer statin as they culd be redesigned t run n SNF. Mlten salt reactrs perate n fuel melt in liquid salt. Over a lifetime f 60 years, ne f these reactrs wuld “eat up” rughly 70 tns f SNF. This amunt accumulates in 3 t 4 years f peratin in a traditinal nuclear pwer statin f cmparable size. Our suggested redesign wuld make nuclear energy generatin much mre efficient and sustainable, as it culd “squeeze ut” up t 20 times mre energy frm already spent nuclear fuel. It wuld als eliminate any SNF as a surce f highly prblematic waste.
Creating nuclear pwer statins that can run n existing nuclear waste is a wrthy endeavr, and ur feasibility analysis shws that it can likely be dne. Hwever, we need a lt f innvative and multidisciplinary research t put this visin int reality. “Eating up” radiactive waste as fuel wuld eliminate the lng-term strage prblem f current nuclear waste. Als, it wuld relieve us frm the csts and envirnmental damages dne by mining current nuclear fuel and the cmplicated prcesses required fr lng term peratin. The new peratinal mdel wuld nly cnsist f melting the SNF, perating the reactr, and cleaning the fuel salt. All in all, it wuld reduce many envirnmental, scial and plitical issues f current nuclear pwer prductin. Using ur current nuclear waste as fuel wuld allw us t take full advantage f the climate-friendly aspect f nuclear pwer generatin.
Even in science and technlgy, it’s imprtant t realize when we have t rethink ur current appraches and what ur ptins are fr imprvement. Current nuclear pwer statins have been created with past technlgies and gals in mind. Nwadays, sme peple claim, they might create ften mre prblems than they slve. We need innvative alternatives t prvide sustainable, safe and clean energy fr generatins t cme.
31. When talking abut the majr prblems f nuclear pwer prductin, the authr tries t say ________.
A. nuclear energy is nt envirnmental-friendly
B. nuclear pwer plants deserve t be remdeled
C. nuclear energy is dangerus and difficult t handle
D. nuclear pwer plants are cmplex and hard t build
32. What des the wrd “endeavr” underlined in Paragraph 6 mst prbably mean?
A. attemptB. businessC. candidateD. design
33. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. The prpsed reactr is feasible and likely t be put int use.
B. The prpsed reactr is ecnmical and peratinally effective.
C. The prpsed reactr can slve the majr prblems previusly mentined in the passage.
D. The prpsed reactr can use up SNF frm many traditinal reactrs f cmparable size.
34. Which wuld be the best title f the passage?
A. Nuclear waste = fuel f the future?
B. Nuclear prblems = effrts t slve them
C. Nuclear pwer = clean energy fr the future!
D. Nuclear plants = innvatin and multidisciplinary research
【答案】31. B 32. A 33. B 34. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了对了核废料的未来利用的探讨。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“First, the mining f nuclear fuel is cstly and energy intensive and causes many envirnmental prblems. Secnd, nuclear energy prductin generates significant amunts f radiactive waste, which is extremely dangerus if nt handled safely. Finally, the entire prcess requires very cmplex and energy intensive infrastructure(基建), which cntributes t indirect greenhuse gas emissins.”（首先，核燃料的开采成本高，能源密集，并造成许多环境问题。其次，核能生产会产生大量的放射性废物，如果不安全处理，这些废物是极其危险的。最后，整个过程需要非常复杂和能源密集型的基础设施，这导致了间接的温室气体排放。）可知，使用核燃料不仅会产生环境问题，还会产生大量的放射性废物，如果处理不当，这些废物是极其危险的，充分说明了核电站在利用中应该考虑的不利结果，即作者想要说明核电站应该要得到改造。故选B。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“ur feasibility analysis shws that it can likely be dne”（我们的可行性分析表明这是可能做到的）可知，我们的分析表明利用现在的核废料来建造核电站的方法是可能做到的，是值得尝试的，所以划线词的含义为“尝试”，故选A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中““Eating up” radiactive waste as fuel wuld eliminate the lng-term strage prblem f current nuclear waste. Als, it wuld relieve us frm the csts and envirnmental damages dne by mining current nuclear fuel and the cmplicated prcesses required fr lng term peratin. The new peratinal mdel wuld nly cnsist f melting the SNF, perating the reactr, and cleaning the fuel salt. All in all, it wuld reduce many envirnmental, scial and plitical issues f current nuclear pwer prductin. Using ur current nuclear waste as fuel wuld allw us t take full advantage f the climate-friendly aspect f nuclear pwer generatin.”（“全盘接受”放射性废料作为燃料将消除目前核废料的长期储存问题。此外，它将使我们从开采现有核燃料和长期运行所需的复杂过程所造成的成本和环境破坏中解脱出来。新的运行模式将只包括熔化SNF、运行反应堆和清洁燃料盐。总而言之，它将减少当前核电生产的许多环境、社会和政治问题。使用我们现有的核废料作为燃料将使我们能够充分利用核能发电对气候友好的一面。）可知，对现有的核废料全盘接受，当作燃料不仅可以消除核废料的长期储存问题，同时也能把开采核燃料时造成的成本和环境破坏中解脱出来，还能减少核电利用时产生的环境、社会和政治问题，使我们能够充分利用核能发电对气候友好的一面，说明这种方式不但经济而且有效。故选B。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章在第一段对比了化石燃料发电的问题和核电发电的优点；第二段描述了核电利用中的不足；第三段提出使用电脑和数学模型，利用核废料重新设计核电站的构想；第四、五、六段则描述了对这一构想的研究和实施的结果：使用提议的反应方式，它将减少当前核电生产的许多环境、社会和政治问题。使用我们现有的核废料作为燃料将使我们能够充分利用核能发电对气候友好的一面。最后一段提出：即使在科学和技术领域，重要的是要意识到我们何时必须重新思考我们目前的方法，以及我们有哪些改进的选择。我们需要创新的替代能源，为子孙后代提供可持续、安全和清洁的能源。所以，文章主要探讨的是对于核废料我们应该要创新。把其视为未来的能源，选项A符合题意，故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have yu becme really interested in self-imprvement lately? This pursuit f mre and better things, whether they be better health, clthes, r mney has been nrmalized, but smetimes t the detriment f peple’s wellbeing. This self-imprvement mindset can make yu feel disempwered, like yu shuld be smene else. Here are five time-wasting self-imprvement habits that are harmful t yu.
Extremely high and unrealistic expectatins
Having gals can be very helpful since it can help give yu smething t wrk twards and place yur energy int. ___35___ This is a harmful habit because yu’re nt fcused n yurself and yur enjyment f life, but n achieving ther peple’s ideals. Remember, yu dn’t have t be perfect, yu just need t be yurself.
The quick culture mentality
The idea abut hw yu must never give up r that yu must cnstantly hustle, even at the expense f yur health can be very damaging t yur wellbeing. Smetimes, things just dn’t wrk ut and yu need t give up, but that’s nt a bad thing. ___36___ As much as there are peple wh have supprt themselves and thers by wrking lng hurs, cnstantly hustling withut taking any breaks fr yurself t get yur bearings may nly lead t burnut.
Putting aesthetics (审美) ver health
Scial media can be a tl t help yu change yur life fr the better, it can als mislead hw yu see yurself and thers. ___37___ Wmen are implred t get dangerus, unnecessary csmetic surgery and men are tld t be jacked and in the gym by any means fr thse gains, but ur bdies are nt trends that we shuld be ashamed f.
Infrmatin withut applicatin
Like many thers, yu may decide t apply the self-imprvement infrmatin nce yu finished reading all f it, but there are s many bks abut it and new nes keeps cming ut. ___38___ As pwerful as knwledge is, applied knwledge is the best kind. Dn’t be afraid t apply what yu’ve learnt int the wrld.
Visualizatins withut actin
Perhaps yu see yurself as a painter, r yu wish yu’d have a big huse. Visualizing the life yu want and putting it ut there can be a great way t get yurself mtivated. Hwever, this can becme an issue when yu nly put it ut there and dream abut it with nthing in between t bridge the gap. ___39___ Remember that yu have t actually d it t get there.
A. It can be heartbreaking and tugh, but it may be necessary.
B. It will be t bad if yu fail t keep yur mmentum and wrk n.
C. Yu need t create great expectatins in rder t drive yurself frward.
D. If it lacks the structure and actin, all yu dreamt abut is nly a dream.
E. Hwever, yu might create wild expectatins which are t much fr yurself.
F. Instead f prmting healthy lifestyles, it advertises certain bdy types as desirable.
G. All f these hw-t’s can be helpful, but they are useless if yu dn’t actually use them.
【答案】35. E 36. A 37. F 38. G 39. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了五个对人有害的、浪费时间的自我提升习惯。。
【35题详解】
由上文“Having gals can be very helpful since it can help give yu smething t wrk twards and place yur energy int. (有目标是很有帮助的，因为它可以帮助你朝着目标努力，把你的精力投入其中。)”可知，下面要说跟“目标，期望”有关的话题，由后文“This is a harmful habit because yu’re nt fcused n yurself and yur enjyment f life, but n achieving ther peple’s ideals. Remember, yu dn’t have t be perfect, yu just need t be yurself. (这是一个有害的习惯，因为你不关注自己和生活的乐趣，而是关注实现别人的理想。记住，你不需要完美，你只需要做你自己。)”可知，本空表示定的目标太高，故E选项“Hwever, yu might create wild expectatins which are t much fr yurself. (然而，你可能会产生过高的期望。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
【36题详解】
由上文“The idea abut hw yu must never give up r that yu must cnstantly hustle, even at the expense f yur health can be very damaging t yur wellbeing. Smetimes, things just dn’t wrk ut and yu need t give up, but that’s nt a bad thing. (你必须永不放弃，或者你必须不断地努力，即使牺牲你的健康，这种想法对你的幸福是非常有害的。有时候，事情就是不顺利，你需要放弃，但这并不是一件坏事。)”可知，下面要说跟“放弃”有关的话题，由后文“As much as there are peple wh have supprt themselves and thers by wrking lng hurs, cnstantly hustling withut taking any breaks fr yurself t get yur bearings may nly lead t burnut. (尽管有些人通过长时间工作来养活自己和他人，但不断地忙碌而不让自己休息一下，这可能只会导致精疲力竭。)”可知，本句要表达不放弃的坏处，故A选项“It can be heartbreaking and tugh, but it may be necessary. (这可能令人心碎和艰难，但这可能是必要的。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。
37题详解】
由后文“Wmen are implred t get dangerus, unnecessary csmetic surgery and men are tld t be jacked and in the gym by any means fr thse gains, but ur bdies are nt trends that we shuld be ashamed f. (女性被怂恿去做危险的、不必要的整容手术，而男性则被告知为了获得这些好处要不择手段地去健身房锻炼，但我们的身体并不是我们应该感到羞耻的趋势。)”可知，本句要表达和“体型”有关的话题，故F选项“Instead f prmting healthy lifestyles, it advertises certain bdy types as desirable. (它没有提倡健康的生活方式，而是宣传某些体型是可取的。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选F。
【38题详解】
由上文“Like many thers, yu may decide t apply the self-imprvement infrmatin nce yu finished reading all f it, but there are s many bks abut it and new nes keeps cming ut. (和其他很多人一样，你可能会在读完所有的书后决定应用这些自我提升的信息，但是关于这方面的书太多了，而且新的书还在不断涌现。)”可知，下面要说跟“书中自我提升的信息”有关的话题，由后文“As pwerful as knwledge is, applied knwledge is the best kind. Dn’t be afraid t apply what yu’ve learnt int the wrld. (知识固然强大，但应用知识是最好的知识。不要害怕把你学到的东西应用到这个世界上。)”可知，本句要表达书中自我提升的信息有用，但是要注重应用。故G选项“All f these hw-t’s can be helpful, but they are useless if yu dn’t actually use them. (所有这些操作方法都是有用的，但如果你没有真正使用它们，它们就毫无用处。)”能承上启下，符合题意。G项中的“use”与空后的“applied”相对应。故选G。
【39题详解】
由上文“Hwever, this can becme an issue when yu nly put it ut there and dream abut it with nthing in between t bridge the gap. (然而，当你只是把它放在那里，梦想着它，没有任何中间的桥梁时，这就会成为一个问题。)”可知，下面要说跟“梦想”有关的话题。故D选项“If it lacks the structure and actin, all yu dreamt abut is nly a dream. (如果它缺乏结构和动作，那么你所梦想的只是一场梦。)”能承接上文，符合题意。D项中的“dreamt”与空前的“dream”相对应。故选D。
第三部分：书面表达 (共两节,32分)
第一节 阅读表达 (共4小题，共12分;第40、41小题,每小题2分;第42题,3分;第43题,5分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。
Japan started releasing nuclear-cntaminated water int the Pacific Ocean n August 24th and will cntinue t d s fr at least 30 years. In the face f strng questining and ppsitin frm the internatinal cmmunity, Japan plays wrd games by referring t the discharged “nuclear-cntaminated water” as “treated nuclear wastewater”.
Hwever, the tw are fundamentally different. Nuclear wastewater refers t the wastewater prduced during the nrmal, daily peratin f a nuclear pwer plant, such as large quantities f water used t cl dwn the reactr f the plant. Because the water desn’t tuch radiactive substances (放射性物质) in the nuclear reactr, it can be flushed ut after strict prcessing.
Nuclear-cntaminated water refers t cling water that cmes int direct cntact with radiactive materials inside the reactr when the reactr is breached after a nuclear accident. The cling water becmes cntaminated with highly radiactive substances, thus becming nuclear-cntaminated water.
The Fukushima nuclear pwer plant experienced a majr incident in 2011, bringing water int cntact with radiactive substances. The Japanese side’s cnflatin (混淆) f this with wastewater frm nrmal peratins is a deceptive attempt t hide the truth. The Japanese side claims that the multi-nuclide treatment system ALPS is used t treat nuclear cntaminated water, and that the treated water is safe and even meets drinking water standards. Hwever, such statements fail t alleviate public cncerns. Japan has yet t address majr internatinal cncerns, such as the lng-term reliability f the purificatin facility, the authenticity and accuracy f the nuclear-cntaminated water data, and the effectiveness if the mnitring arrangement. This is extremely selfish and irrespnsible, as the discharge will spread the risks f nuclear cntaminatin t the rest f the wrld.
40. Hw des the Japanese mislead the internatinal cmmunity?
_________________________________________________________
41. In what way nuclear-cntaminated water is different frm nuclear wastewater.
_________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Japan’s deceptive attempts t hide the truth alleviate public cncerns ver the lng-term reliability f the purificatin facility, etc.
_________________________________________________________
43. Hw is Japan’s dumping nuclear-cntaminated water related t yu? (In abut 40 wrds)
_________________________________________________________
【答案】40. Japan plays wrd games by referring t the discharged “nuclear-cntaminated water” as “treated nuclear wastewater”.
41. Nuclear wastewater desn’t tuch radiactive substances while nuclear cntaminated water directly cntact with radiactive materials.
42. Japan’s deceptive attempts t hide the truth alleviate public cncerns ver the lng-term reliability f the purificatin facility, etc.
Accrding t the article, their statements fail t alleviate public cncerns.
43. Japan’s dumping nuclear-cntaminated water may harm my health due t ptential envirnmental impact, fd safety cncerns, and health risks frm radiatin expsure.
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。讲述了日本政府不顾国际社会的强烈质疑和反对，于8月24日开始向太平洋排放受核污染的水，是极其自私和不负责任的。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“In the face f strng questining and ppsitin frm the internatinal cmmunity, Japan plays wrd games by referring t the discharged “nuclear-cntaminated water” as “treated nuclear wastewater”.(面对国际社会的强烈质疑和反对，日本玩弄文字游戏，将排放的“核污染水”称为“处理过的核废水”)”可知，日本通过玩文字游戏来误导国际社会。故回答：Japan plays wrd games by referring t the discharged “nuclear-cntaminated water” as “treated nuclear wastewater”。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Nuclear wastewater refers t the wastewater prduced during the nrmal, daily peratin f a nuclear pwer plant, such as large quantities f water used t cl dwn the reactr f the plant. Because the water desn’t tuch radiactive substances (放射性物质) in the nuclear reactr, it can be flushed ut after strict prcessing.(核废水是指核电站在正常的日常运行过程中产生的废水，例如用于冷却核电站反应堆的大量水。因为水不接触核反应堆中的放射性物质，所以经过严格的处理后可以被冲洗出来)”可知，核废水不接触放射性物质，根据第三段“Nuclear-cntaminated water refers t cling water that cmes int direct cntact with radiactive materials inside the reactr when the reactr is breached after a nuclear accident. The cling water becmes cntaminated with highly radiactive substances, thus becming nuclear-cntaminated water.(核污染水是指发生核事故后，反应堆发生破裂，与反应堆内部放射性物质直接接触的冷却水。冷却水被高放射性物质污染，从而成为核污染水)”可知，核污染水与放射性物质直接接触。故回答：Nuclear wastewater desn’t tuch radiactive substances while nuclear cntaminated water directly cntact with radiactive materials。
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“The Japanese side’s cnflatin (混淆) f this with wastewater frm nrmal peratins is a deceptive attempt t hide the truth. The Japanese side claims that the multi-nuclide treatment system ALPS is used t treat nuclear cntaminated water, and that the treated water is safe and even meets drinking water standards. Hwever, such statements fail t alleviate public cncerns.(日方将其与正常生产废水混为一谈，是掩盖事实真相的欺骗性企图。日方声称，采用多核素处理系统ALPS处理核污染水，处理后的水是安全的，甚至达到了饮用水标准。然而，这样的声明并没有减轻公众的担忧)”可知，日本隐瞒真相的欺骗性企图没有减轻公众的担忧，所以题干句子描述中Japan’s deceptive attempts t hide the truth alleviate public cncerns ver the lng-term reliability f the purificatin facility, etc.的alleviate是错误的。故回答：Accrding t the article, their statements fail t alleviate public cncerns。
【43题详解】
开放性问题。日本政府不顾国际社会的强烈质疑和反对向太平洋排放受核污染的水，可能造成一系列的问题，包括环境影响、食品安全问题以及辐射暴露带来的健康风险，而对个人来说，就是由此带来的可能存在的健康伤害。故回答：Japan’s dumping nuclear-cntaminated water may harm my health due t ptential envirnmental impact, fd safety cncerns, and health risks frm radiatin expsure。
第二节(共20分)
44. 假如你是红星中学学生李华，你的学校准备以“选秀类节目是否对公众有益”为题举行一场英文辩论赛。作为一名参赛选手，请你表达自己的主张，并对自己的主张进行论证。内容应包括：
1. 你是否支持选秀类节目；
2. 你支持或者反对的原因及依据。
参考词汇：talent shw
注意：
1. 词数：100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Talent shws have been ppular in China fr many years. Hwever, recently peple start talking abut whether talent shws are beneficial in general. I am persnally against talent shws.
On the ne hand, they give peple false mtivatins and make them believe they can becme famus and make mney easily by attending the shws. In fact, nly few can really succeed, and mst peple simply waste their time and energy in the prcess. On the ther hand, talent shws are nt fair t all the participants. Best perfrmers are ften kicked ut, and the winners are ften less talented. The audience feels sad and frustrated abut it when seeing that happens.
T sum up, I am against talent shws in their current frm and I think they need t be changed.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“选秀类节目是否对公众有益”为题写一篇文章，表达自己的主张，并讲述自己支持或反对的原因及依据。
【详解】1.词汇积累
有益的：beneficial→helpful/advantageus
使人相信：make sb. believe→cnvince sb. f…
参加/参与：attend→take part in/g in fr
事实上：in fact→actually
总而言之：t sum up→all in all/in a wrd/in shrt
2.句式拓展
同义句改写
原句：On the ne hand, they give peple false mtivatins and make them believe they can becme famus and make mney easily by attending the shws.
拓展句：On the ne hand, they give peple false mtivatins, which make them believe they can becme famus and make mney easily by attending the shws.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hwever, recently peple start talking abut whether talent shws are beneficial in general.（运用了whether引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】The audience feels sad and frustrated abut it when seeing that happens.（“when seeing that happens”为when引导时间状语从句的省略句）
满分：100分 考试时长：90分钟
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In the heart f the city, nested between the twering skyscrapers, std a little library that had withstd the test f ___1___. Every brick and bk in that building held stries nt just frm the pages, but f the cuntless suls wh had walked its ___2___.
Anna, a yung writer, ften visited this asis (绿洲) f knwledge. She was n the ___3___ f publishing her first bk but was facing the crippling self-dubt that ften trubles creatrs. One evening, as she wandered between the shelves, she happened t see an ld, dusty ___4___. It was a jurnal frm the 1800s, written by a then-unknwn writer named Lillian.
As Anna skimmed thrugh the pages, she was ___5___ by Lillian’s struggles which mirrred her wn. Lillian wrte f her rejectins, her mments f despair, and the nights she wanted t give up. But she als wrte f her ___6___ mments, where the wrds flwed like a river and the stries tk a life f their wn.
The final entry was dated a day befre Lillian’s first bk was published. It read, “T the future dreamers wh may find this: Remember, every ___7___ has its dawn. Yur struggles are merely the dark befre the mrning light. Keep writing, keep dreaming, and ne day, yur stries will light up smene’s ___8___ just as yu have lit up mine.”
Anna felt a cnnectin t Lillian acrss the centuries. With renewed ___9___, she left the library, ready t face the challenges ahead. Fr in her heart, she carried Lillian’s stry — a beacn f hpe and a testament t the timeless jurney f ____10____.
1.
A. mdernityB. timeC. innvatinD. criticism
2.
A. rwsB. rmsC. seatsD. gates
3.
A. edgeB. tpC. endD. middle
4.
A. nvelB. diaryC. manuscriptD. brchure
5.
A. preventedB. amazedC. struckD. puzzled
6.
A. disrderlyB. rdinaryC. brightD. final
7.
A. stryB. nightC. pathD. task
8.
A. dayB. wrldC. despairD. bk
9.
A. energyB. purpseC. hesitatinD. perspective
10.
A. creatinB. writingC. discveryD. learning
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个小小图书馆，不仅承载了书籍里的故事，也书写了读者的故事。年轻作家Anna面临要出版的书籍，处于焦虑期，当她来到这个图书馆偶然发现了几个世纪以前的Lillian的日记，这本日记唤起了Anna的共鸣，激励了她继续前行。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在城市的中心，高耸的摩天大楼之间，矗立着一个经受住了时间考验的小图书馆。A. mdernity现代性；B. time时间；C. innvatin创新；D. criticism批评。根据后文“Every brick and bk in that building held stries nt just frm the pages, but f the cuntless suls…(大楼里的每一块砖、每一本书都承载着故事，不仅仅是书页上的故事，还有无数灵魂的故事……)”的描述可推知，这个小小图书馆有着无数的故事，历史悠久，经历了时间的洗礼。故选B项。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这座建筑里的每一块砖和每一本书都有故事，不仅来自书页，还有无数走过这座建筑的灵魂的故事。A. rws排；B. rms房间；C. seats座位；D. gates大门。分析语境可知，该部分的主题是“a little library(一个小图书馆)”，同时结合常识，无论是来这里选择书架上的书，还是坐在成排的桌子前看书，人们都会一排一排的走过。因此，这里应是“rws”，用在句中表达来此的人一排一排的走过。故选A项。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她快要出版第一本书，但却面临着严重的自我怀疑，这常常困扰着创作者。A. edge边缘；B. tp顶端；C. end末尾；D. middle中间。固定搭配“n the edge f ding”，意为“快要做某事，即将做某事”。故选A项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，当她在书架之间徘徊时，偶然看到一本尘封的旧日记。A. nvel小说；B. diary日记；C. manuscript手稿；D. brchure资料（或广告）手册。根据后文“It was a jurnal(这是一本日记)”可知，这是一本日记。故选B项。
5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Anna浏览页面时，她被Lillian的挣扎所打动，这与她自己的挣扎如出一辙。A. prevented阻止；B. amazed使震惊；C. struck引起（强烈感情）；D. puzzled使困惑。根据后文“Lillian wrte f her rejectins, her mments f despair, and the nights she wanted t give up.(Lillian写下了她的排斥，她绝望的时刻，以及她想放弃的夜晚)”可推知，Lillian在日记里写到的感受，Anna都经历过，感同身受，所以她有深深的触动。“be struck by”，意为“被……所触动，被……打动”。故选C项。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她也写下了自己的精彩时刻，文字像河流一样流动，故事也有了自己的生命。A. disrderly混乱的；B. rdinary普通的；C. bright鲜艳的；D. final最后的，最终的。分析语境可知，该句前有“But(但是)”，因此，所选词应与前一句中的“rejectins(排斥)”，“despair(绝望)”等为反义词。故选C项。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于未来的梦想家们，你们可能会发现：记住，黑夜也有黎明（黑夜过去就是黎明）。A. stry故事；B. night黑夜；C. path小路，路线；D. task任务。根据后文“Yur struggles are merely the dark befre the mrning light.(你的挣扎不过是黎明前的黑暗)”可知，黑暗过去才会有黎明，即黑夜过去才会有黎明。“every night has its dawn”意为“每个夜晚之后都有黎明”。故选B项。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：继续写作，继续梦想，总有一天，你的故事会照亮别人的世界，就像你照亮我的世界一样。A. day白天；B. wrld世界；C. despair绝望；D. bk书籍。根据前文“The final entry was dated a day befre Lillian’s first bk was published.(最后一个条目的日期是Lillian的第一本书出版的前一天)”可知，Lillian的第一本书出版了，由此可推知，这里Lillian鼓励“后来人”终有一天也能用故事点亮他人的精神世界。故选B项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着新的活力，她离开了图书馆，准备迎接未来的挑战。A. energy活力；B. purpse目的；C. hesitatin犹豫踟蹰；D. perspective观点。根据前文“Anna felt a cnnectin t Lillian acrss the centuries.(Anna觉得自己和Lillian有一种跨越几个世纪的联系)”可推知，Anna受到了鼓励，重新焕发了精神和活力。故选A项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为在她的心中，她承载着Lillian的故事——一座希望的灯塔，也是写作永恒之旅的见证。A. creatin创作；B. writing写作；C. discvery发现；D. learning学问。根据前文“she carried Lillian’s stry(她带着Lillian的故事)”可推知，Anna继续坚持写作。故选B项。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Millins f years ag, the Earth ___11___(inhabit) by wnderful creatures that n lnger walk ur lands. One such creature, the dd, nce thrived n the islated island f Mauritius. It was a flightless bird ___12___ a unique appearance. Sadly, due t human interference and intrduced species, these birds were driven t extinctin within a few centuries f their ___13___(discver).
【答案】11. was inhabited
12. with 13. discvery
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种几百万年以前在地球上出现过，现已灭绝的鸟类。
【11题详解】
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：数百万年前，地球上居住着奇妙的生物，这些生物现已不再在我们的土地上行走。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词；根据时间状语“Millins f years ag”可知，应用一般过去时；主语是“the Earth”，与“inhabit”之间为被动关系，表示“地球被……居住”，故应用被动语态，且谓语动词为单数。故填was inhabited。
【12题详解】
考查介词。句意：这是一种不会飞的鸟，有着独特的外表。分析句子可知，空处应为介词，后接名词短语“a unique apperance”；介词with表示“具有”，符合句意。故填with。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：可悲是，由于人类的干扰和外来物种的引入，这些鸟类在发现后的几个世纪内就灭绝了。根据“their”可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；discvery为名词，意为“发现、发觉”，符合句意。故填discvery。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Marie Curie, brn in Warsaw, Pland, was a trailblazing physicist and chemist acknwledged fr her ___14___(pineer) research n radiactivity. Nt nly did she becme the first wman ___15___(win) a Nbel Prize, but she als remains the nly persn wh has wn Nbel Prizes in bth Physics and Chemistry. Her dedicatin and perseverance in a male-dminated field ___16___(inspire) cuntless individuals wrldwide.
【答案】14. pineering
15. t win 16. inspired##has inspired.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了玛丽·居里在科学上所做出的功绩和获得的奖项。
【14题详解】
考查形容词。句意：玛丽·居里出生于波兰华沙，是一位开拓性的物理学家和化学家，以其在放射性方面的开创性研究而闻名。根据空格后的名词research可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，根据句意“开拓性的”是形容词pineering。故填pineering。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她不仅成为第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性，而且仍然是唯一一位同时获得诺贝尔物理学和化学奖的人。空格处作定语，被修饰名词wman被序数词修饰时应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填t win。
【16题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：她在男性主导的领域中的奉献精神和毅力激励了全世界无数人。空格处作谓语，根据句意应用一般过去时或现在完成时，主语Her dedicatin and perseverance in a male-dminated field为第三人称给单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填inspired/has inspired。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
During the Renaissance, a perid ___17___ cvers frm the 14th t the 17th century, Eurpe experienced a revival f art, culture, and intellect. Lenard da Vinci, ften referred t as the archetype f the “Renaissance Man”, was nt nly an artist but als ___18___ inventr, scientist, and mathematician. His painting, the Mna Lisa, is cnsidered ne f ___19___(famus) icnic wrks f art. Yet, many f his ___20___(inventin), althugh revlutinary, were nt built during his lifetime.
【答案】17. which##that
18. an 19. the mst famus
20. inventins
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了文艺复兴时期著名艺术家、科学家和数学家列奥纳多·达·芬奇的生平事迹。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在14世纪到17世纪的文艺复兴时期，欧洲经历了艺术、文化和智力的复兴。此处为定语从句修饰先行词perid，先行词在从句中作主语，可用which/that引导从句。故填which/that。
【18题详解】
考查冠词。句意：列奥纳多·达·芬奇，通常被称为“文艺复兴时期的人”的原型，他不仅是一位艺术家，还是一位发明家、科学家和数学家。inventr为可数名词，此处表示泛指，inventr发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。
【19题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：他的画作《蒙娜丽莎》被认为是最著名的标志性艺术作品之一。空格处作定语，ne f+the+形容词最高级+复数名词，为固定结构，意为“最……之一”。故填the mst famus。
【20题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：然而，他的许多发明虽然具有革命性，但并不是在他有生之年完成的。根据空格前的his和many f 可知，空格处应填名词的复数形式作主语。故填inventins。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节,38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Hrizn Institute: Annual Winter Wrkshp
Backgrund
Established in 2005, Hrizn Institute is cmmitted t bridging the gap between academic thery and real-wrld applicatin. With ver 20,000 alumni wrldwide, ur fcus is n prviding hands-n experiences in a wide range f disciplines.
Wrkshp Details:
Dates: December 5th - December 20th
Curses Available: Advanced Mathematics, Experimental Physics, Digital Art Design, and Leadership Dynamics.
Eligibility: Students aged 12-18 with a keen interest in the chsen subject.
Fee: $350 fr a single curse. Enrll in tw r mre curses fr a 15% discunt n the ttal fee.
Facilities and Features:
State-f-the-art labratries and design studis.
Interactive sessins with industry experts.
Dedicated mentrship by experienced prfessinals.
Access t ur extensive library and nline resurces.
Additinal Benefits:
Certificatin upn curse cmpletin.
Opprtunities fr internships in partner rganizatins.
Netwrking events with Hrizn alumni and industry leaders
Fr Mre Details:
Visit ur campus n Nvember 15th fr an pen huse sessin.
Cntact us via email: cntact@hrizninstitute.rg r call: (456) 789-0123.
21. What is Hrizn Institute’s primary missin?
A. Hsting winter wrkshps every year.
B. Organizing netwrking events fr students.
C. Linking academic teachings t practical experiences.
D. Offering nline curses in varius disciplines.
22. What can students expect when they jin in the wrkshp?
A. Free meals thrughut the curse.
B. Persnalized ne-n-ne teaching sessins.
C. Interactin with prfessinals frm varius industries.
D. A chance t study abrad with partner institutins.
23. Hw can smene gather in-depth infrmatin abut the wrkshp?
A. By brwsing the institute’s nline catalg.
B. By attending the pen huse n Nvember 15th.
C. By waiting fr the annual newsletter.
D. By jining the institute’s scial media page.
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了地平线研究所年度冬季研讨会的相关信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Backgrund部分的“Established in 2005, Hrizn Institute is cmmitted t bridging the gap between academic thery and real-wrld applicatin.(地平线研究所成立于2005年，致力于弥合学术理论与现实应用之间的差距。)”可知，地平线研究所的主要使命是将学术教学与实践经验联系起来。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Facilities and Features部分的“Interactive sessins with industry experts.( 与行业专家的互动会议。)”和“Dedicated mentrship by experienced prfessinals.(由经验丰富的专业人士提供专业指导。)”可知，学生们可以期待与来自不同行业的专业人士进行互动。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Fr Mre Details部分的“Visit ur campus n Nvember 15th fr an pen huse sessin.(11月15日参观我们的校园，参加开放日活动。)”可知，可以通过参加11月15日的开放日来收集有关研讨会的深入信息。故选B。
B
In the sprawling metrplis f Grayville, where skyscrapers tuched the heavens and streets were cnstantly buzzing with life, there existed a unique place called “The Crner f Quietude”. It was neither a park nr a building. In fact, it was simply a street crner, marked by a single lamppst with a peculiar sign: “Speak sftly, fr this is a place f slace”.
Legend had it that anyne speaking beneath this lamppst, regardless f the surrunding nise, wuld find their wrds drwned ut, replaced by an mysterius peace. Over the years, many had cme t experience its magic. They spke f heartbreaks, dreams, regrets, and wishes, seeking slace in its embrace.
Ella, a jurnalist new t Grayville, stumbled upn this crner during an assignment. Dubtful, she decided t test the legend. Whispering her deepest fears abut her failing career and struggles in the big city, she was shcked when all she heard was a calming whisper, almst as if the wrld arund her paused.
Ella dug int the histry f “The Crner f Quietude”. She discvered that decades ag, a musician named Alaric had lst his vice and wuld visit the crner every night, playing his silent tunes n a vilin, hping t cmmunicate thrugh his music. Sme believed that the crner absrbed Alaric’s yearning fr expressin and became a place fr all wh sught t vice their innermst emtins.
24. What was unique abut “The Crner f Quietude” in Grayville?
A. It was the ldest park in this busy city.
B. It was where Alaric played music every night.
C. Peple fund their wrds replaced by quietness.
D It was a silent zne where n sund was allwed.
25. Why did Ella cme t the crner in the first place?
A. T check the legend.B. T whisper her fears.
C. T meet the musician.D. T finish her assignment.
26. Hw did Ella react upn experiencing the crner’s magic?
A. She felt it was just anther city mystery.
B. She immediately believed in the legend.
C. She wrte an article t clarify the truth.
D. She was surprised and felt a sense f calm.
27. What is suggested abut the musician Alaric?
A. He was the funder f Grayville and the crner.
B. He reclaimed his vice by playing at the crner.
C. He played music t disrupt the peace f the crner.
D. His silent tunes cntributed t the crner’s mysterius sense.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“安静之角”的特殊之处。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Legend had it that anyne speaking beneath this lamppst, regardless f the surrunding nise, wuld find their wrds drwned ut, replaced by an mysterius peace. (传说任何在这个灯柱下说话的人，不管周围有什么噪音，都会发现他们的话被淹没，取而代之的是一种神秘的平静。)”可知，在格雷维尔的《安静之角》人们发现他们的话语被安静所取代。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Ella, a jurnalist new t Grayville, stumbled upn this crner during an assignment. Dubtful, she decided t test the legend. (艾拉是格雷维尔新来的记者，在一次任务中偶然发现了这个角落。她心存疑虑，决定验证一下这个传说。)”可知，埃拉来到这里是为了验证一下这个传说。故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Whispering her deepest fears abut her failing career and struggles in the big city, she was shcked when all she heard was a calming whisper, almst as if the wrld arund her paused. (她低声诉说着自己对事业失败和在大城市里的挣扎最深的恐惧，当她听到的只是平静的低语时，她震惊了，仿佛她周围的世界都停顿了。)”可知，埃拉在经历了角落的魔法后感到很惊讶，但又感觉仿佛她周围的世界都停顿了，即感到一种平静。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“She discvered that decades ag, a musician named Alaric had lst his vice and wuld visit the crner every night, playing his silent tunes n a vilin, hping t cmmunicate thrugh his music. Sme believed that the crner absrbed Alaric’s yearning fr expressin and became a place fr all wh sught t vice their innermst emtins. (她发现，几十年前，一位名叫阿拉里的音乐家失声了，每天晚上都会来到这个角落，用小提琴演奏他无声的曲调，希望通过他的音乐与人交流。一些人认为，这个角落吸收了阿拉里克对表达的渴望，成为所有寻求表达内心情感的人的地方。)”可知，阿拉里那无声的曲调增加了角落的神秘感。故选D。
C
Chinese scientists recently achieved precise ttal synthesis (合成) f sugar frm carbn dixide in the labratry, marking a crucial step in artificial sugar synthesis.
The synthesis, which tk mre than tw years t realize, was achieved by teams frm the Chinese Academy f Sciences’ Tianjin Institute f Industrial Bitechnlgy and the academy’s Dalian Institute f Chemical Physics. Their research was published last week in a paper in Chinese Science Bulletin, a multidisciplinary academic jurnal.
Sugar is a majr surce f energy fr the human bdy and a key raw material fr industrial prductin, and it is mainly btained by extracting it frm crps such as sugar cane. Hwever, the traditinal methd f extractin is limited by the energy cnversin efficiency f plant phtsynthesis. Mrever, the prcess f extracting sugar has been affected by uncertain raw material supplies due t land degradatin and shrtages, ecsystem degradatin and extreme weather and natural disasters caused by glbal warming.
As a result, artificial sugar synthesis has been cntinually studied by the scientific cmmunity in recent years, and scientists arund the wrld have cntributed t the effrt. In their latest research, the Chinese scientists adjusted high-cncentratin carbn dixide and ther raw materials in the reactin slutin. With the help f chemical catalysts and enzyme (酶) catalysts, they btained fur kinds f sugars: glucse, allulse, tagatse and mannse.
The experiment lasted abut 17 hurs, much shrter than the time required fr traditinal methds f sugar extractin, accrding t Yang Jiangang, lead authr f the paper and assciate researcher at the Tianjin institute.
The efficiency f sugar synthesis in this study was 0.67 grams per liter per hur, which was mre than 10 times higher than the previus results achieved by scientists wrldwide. Yang said that the carbn dixide t sugar cnversin rate f glucse reached 59.8 nanmles f carbn per milligram f catalyst per minute. This is the highest level f artificial sugar prductin knwn dmestically and internatinally.
The study als achieved precise cntrl f artificial sugar synthesis. “By cntrlling the varied catalytic effects f different enzymes, theretically almst any type f sugar can be synthesized,” Yang said. Regarding the study, Manfred Reetz, a member f the German Natinal Academy f Sciences Lepldina, said it is a particularly challenging task t cnvert carbn dixide int sugars.
The achievement by Chinese scientists has prvided a flexible, multifunctinal and efficient sugar synthesis rute, which pens a dr fr green chemistry, Reetz said. Green chemistry, similar t sustainable chemistry, is a rapidly develping field that fcuses n hw t fully utilize raw materials and energy in the prcess f prducing the intended prduct while minimizing r eliminating the use and generatin f harmful substances.
Carbn dixide t sugar cnversin is seen as an example f green chemistry, since it was cnducted under nrmal temperature and pressure cnditins and did nt yield any harmful substances.
28. Why d scientists keep studying artificial sugar synthesis?
A. Because sugar is an essential energy surce fr industrial prductin.
B. Because the traditinal extractin apprach is nt envirnmentally friendly.
C. Because raw material supply is unreliable in the prcess f traditinal sugar extractin.
D. Because the traditinal extractin apprach is less prductive than plant phtsynthesis.
29. Hw is the Chinese study significant?
A. It synthesized almst all types f sugar in the labratry.
B. It cntrlled varied catalytic effects f different enzymes.
C. It cnverted high-cncentratin carbn dixide int sugar.
D. It lasted 17 hurs, shrter than previus traditinal methds.
30. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. Green chemistry helped use up all raw materials t generate mre prducts.
B. Carbn dixide t sugar cnversin will be used in industrial prductin sn.
C. Green chemistry is a new field where Chinese scientists will put mre effrts n.
D. Carbn dixide t sugar cnversin will take up all sugar prductin due t its efficiency.
【答案】28. C 29. C 30. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章讲述了中国科学家最近在实验室中实现了用二氧化碳精确合成糖，标志着人工糖合成迈出了关键一步。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Mrever, the prcess f extracting sugar has been affected by uncertain raw material supplies due t land degradatin and shrtages, ecsystem degradatin and extreme weather and natural disasters caused by glbal warming.(此外，由于土地退化和短缺、生态系统退化以及全球变暖导致的极端天气和自然灾害，原料供应不确定，影响了提取糖的过程)”及文章第四段“As a result, artificial sugar synthesis has been cntinually studied by the scientific cmmunity in recent years, and scientists arund the wrld have cntributed t the effrt.(因此，近年来，人工糖的合成一直受到科学界的不断研究，世界各地的科学家都为这一努力做出了贡献)”可知，传统的糖提取过程中原料供应不可靠，所以科学家一直研究人工糖合成。故选C项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第六段“The efficiency f sugar synthesis in this study was 0.67 grams per liter per hur, which was mre than 10 times higher than the previus results achieved by scientists wrldwide. Yang said that the carbn dixide t sugar cnversin rate f glucse reached 59.8 nanmles f carbn per milligram f catalyst per minute. This is the highest level f artificial sugar prductin knwn dmestically and internatinally.(在这项研究中，糖的合成效率为每小时0.67克每升，比全球科学家之前取得的成果高出10倍以上。杨教授说，二氧化碳转化为糖的葡萄糖转化率达到每毫克催化剂每分钟59.8纳摩尔的碳。这是国内和国际上已知的人造糖产量的最高水平)”可知，二氧化碳转化为糖的葡萄糖转化率浓度高，糖的合成效率为每小时0.67克每升，比全球科学家之前取得的成果高出10倍以上，所以中国科学家的研究意义重大，是因为它将高浓度的二氧化碳转化为糖。故选C项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“The achievement by Chinese scientists has prvided a flexible, multifunctinal and efficient sugar synthesis rute, which pens a dr fr green chemistry, Reetz said. Green chemistry, similar t sustainable chemistry, is a rapidly develping field(Reetz说，中国科学家的这一成就提供了一种灵活、多功能和高效的糖合成途径，为绿色化学打开了一扇门。绿色化学，类似于可持续化学，是一个快速发展的领域)”及最后一段“Carbn dixide t sugar cnversin is seen as an example f green chemistry, since it was cnducted under nrmal temperature and pressure cnditins and did nt yield any harmful substances.(二氧化碳到糖的转化被视为绿色化学的一个例子，因为它是在常温常压条件下进行的，不产生任何有害物质)”可知，二氧化碳精确合成糖为绿色化学打开了一扇门，它是一个快速发展的领域，可得出绿色化学是中国科学家将投入更多努力的一个新领域。故选C项。
D
Making electricity ut f fssil fuels releases lts f greenhuse gases, which accumulate in the atmsphere and heat up the planet. Nuclear pwer, n the ther hand, has the ptential t be an almst unlimited and mre climate-friendly energy surce. That is because in cntrast t fssil fuels, n greenhuse gases are released directly during the immediate use f the fuel.
Hwever, there are als several majr prblems. First, the mining f nuclear fuel is cstly and energy intensive and causes many envirnmental prblems. Secnd, nuclear energy prductin generates significant amunts f radiactive waste, which is extremely dangerus if nt handled safely. Finally, the entire prcess requires very cmplex and energy intensive infrastructure (基建), which cntributes t indirect greenhuse gas emissins.
We use cmputer and mathematical mdels t understand if it might be pssible t redesign nuclear pwer statins in a way that they run n nuclear waste. This wuld reduce the negative impacts f current and future nuclear pwer generatin immensely.
Our mdel shw that it is feasible (可行的) t redesign nuclear pwer statins in a way they can run n spent nuclear fuel (SNF). Plus, the SNF des nt have t be further mdified befre it is used. Even better, ur advanced nuclear pwer statins d nt prduce any additinal waste. While these innvative pwer statins d nt yet exist, ur research indicates that they are a real pssibility fr the future.
In ur research, s-called mlten salt reactrs seem a prmising candidate fr the new type f nuclear pwer statin as they culd be redesigned t run n SNF. Mlten salt reactrs perate n fuel melt in liquid salt. Over a lifetime f 60 years, ne f these reactrs wuld “eat up” rughly 70 tns f SNF. This amunt accumulates in 3 t 4 years f peratin in a traditinal nuclear pwer statin f cmparable size. Our suggested redesign wuld make nuclear energy generatin much mre efficient and sustainable, as it culd “squeeze ut” up t 20 times mre energy frm already spent nuclear fuel. It wuld als eliminate any SNF as a surce f highly prblematic waste.
Creating nuclear pwer statins that can run n existing nuclear waste is a wrthy endeavr, and ur feasibility analysis shws that it can likely be dne. Hwever, we need a lt f innvative and multidisciplinary research t put this visin int reality. “Eating up” radiactive waste as fuel wuld eliminate the lng-term strage prblem f current nuclear waste. Als, it wuld relieve us frm the csts and envirnmental damages dne by mining current nuclear fuel and the cmplicated prcesses required fr lng term peratin. The new peratinal mdel wuld nly cnsist f melting the SNF, perating the reactr, and cleaning the fuel salt. All in all, it wuld reduce many envirnmental, scial and plitical issues f current nuclear pwer prductin. Using ur current nuclear waste as fuel wuld allw us t take full advantage f the climate-friendly aspect f nuclear pwer generatin.
Even in science and technlgy, it’s imprtant t realize when we have t rethink ur current appraches and what ur ptins are fr imprvement. Current nuclear pwer statins have been created with past technlgies and gals in mind. Nwadays, sme peple claim, they might create ften mre prblems than they slve. We need innvative alternatives t prvide sustainable, safe and clean energy fr generatins t cme.
31. When talking abut the majr prblems f nuclear pwer prductin, the authr tries t say ________.
A. nuclear energy is nt envirnmental-friendly
B. nuclear pwer plants deserve t be remdeled
C. nuclear energy is dangerus and difficult t handle
D. nuclear pwer plants are cmplex and hard t build
32. What des the wrd “endeavr” underlined in Paragraph 6 mst prbably mean?
A. attemptB. businessC. candidateD. design
33. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. The prpsed reactr is feasible and likely t be put int use.
B. The prpsed reactr is ecnmical and peratinally effective.
C. The prpsed reactr can slve the majr prblems previusly mentined in the passage.
D. The prpsed reactr can use up SNF frm many traditinal reactrs f cmparable size.
34. Which wuld be the best title f the passage?
A. Nuclear waste = fuel f the future?
B. Nuclear prblems = effrts t slve them
C. Nuclear pwer = clean energy fr the future!
D. Nuclear plants = innvatin and multidisciplinary research
【答案】31. B 32. A 33. B 34. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了对了核废料的未来利用的探讨。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“First, the mining f nuclear fuel is cstly and energy intensive and causes many envirnmental prblems. Secnd, nuclear energy prductin generates significant amunts f radiactive waste, which is extremely dangerus if nt handled safely. Finally, the entire prcess requires very cmplex and energy intensive infrastructure(基建), which cntributes t indirect greenhuse gas emissins.”（首先，核燃料的开采成本高，能源密集，并造成许多环境问题。其次，核能生产会产生大量的放射性废物，如果不安全处理，这些废物是极其危险的。最后，整个过程需要非常复杂和能源密集型的基础设施，这导致了间接的温室气体排放。）可知，使用核燃料不仅会产生环境问题，还会产生大量的放射性废物，如果处理不当，这些废物是极其危险的，充分说明了核电站在利用中应该考虑的不利结果，即作者想要说明核电站应该要得到改造。故选B。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“ur feasibility analysis shws that it can likely be dne”（我们的可行性分析表明这是可能做到的）可知，我们的分析表明利用现在的核废料来建造核电站的方法是可能做到的，是值得尝试的，所以划线词的含义为“尝试”，故选A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中““Eating up” radiactive waste as fuel wuld eliminate the lng-term strage prblem f current nuclear waste. Als, it wuld relieve us frm the csts and envirnmental damages dne by mining current nuclear fuel and the cmplicated prcesses required fr lng term peratin. The new peratinal mdel wuld nly cnsist f melting the SNF, perating the reactr, and cleaning the fuel salt. All in all, it wuld reduce many envirnmental, scial and plitical issues f current nuclear pwer prductin. Using ur current nuclear waste as fuel wuld allw us t take full advantage f the climate-friendly aspect f nuclear pwer generatin.”（“全盘接受”放射性废料作为燃料将消除目前核废料的长期储存问题。此外，它将使我们从开采现有核燃料和长期运行所需的复杂过程所造成的成本和环境破坏中解脱出来。新的运行模式将只包括熔化SNF、运行反应堆和清洁燃料盐。总而言之，它将减少当前核电生产的许多环境、社会和政治问题。使用我们现有的核废料作为燃料将使我们能够充分利用核能发电对气候友好的一面。）可知，对现有的核废料全盘接受，当作燃料不仅可以消除核废料的长期储存问题，同时也能把开采核燃料时造成的成本和环境破坏中解脱出来，还能减少核电利用时产生的环境、社会和政治问题，使我们能够充分利用核能发电对气候友好的一面，说明这种方式不但经济而且有效。故选B。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章在第一段对比了化石燃料发电的问题和核电发电的优点；第二段描述了核电利用中的不足；第三段提出使用电脑和数学模型，利用核废料重新设计核电站的构想；第四、五、六段则描述了对这一构想的研究和实施的结果：使用提议的反应方式，它将减少当前核电生产的许多环境、社会和政治问题。使用我们现有的核废料作为燃料将使我们能够充分利用核能发电对气候友好的一面。最后一段提出：即使在科学和技术领域，重要的是要意识到我们何时必须重新思考我们目前的方法，以及我们有哪些改进的选择。我们需要创新的替代能源，为子孙后代提供可持续、安全和清洁的能源。所以，文章主要探讨的是对于核废料我们应该要创新。把其视为未来的能源，选项A符合题意，故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have yu becme really interested in self-imprvement lately? This pursuit f mre and better things, whether they be better health, clthes, r mney has been nrmalized, but smetimes t the detriment f peple’s wellbeing. This self-imprvement mindset can make yu feel disempwered, like yu shuld be smene else. Here are five time-wasting self-imprvement habits that are harmful t yu.
Extremely high and unrealistic expectatins
Having gals can be very helpful since it can help give yu smething t wrk twards and place yur energy int. ___35___ This is a harmful habit because yu’re nt fcused n yurself and yur enjyment f life, but n achieving ther peple’s ideals. Remember, yu dn’t have t be perfect, yu just need t be yurself.
The quick culture mentality
The idea abut hw yu must never give up r that yu must cnstantly hustle, even at the expense f yur health can be very damaging t yur wellbeing. Smetimes, things just dn’t wrk ut and yu need t give up, but that’s nt a bad thing. ___36___ As much as there are peple wh have supprt themselves and thers by wrking lng hurs, cnstantly hustling withut taking any breaks fr yurself t get yur bearings may nly lead t burnut.
Putting aesthetics (审美) ver health
Scial media can be a tl t help yu change yur life fr the better, it can als mislead hw yu see yurself and thers. ___37___ Wmen are implred t get dangerus, unnecessary csmetic surgery and men are tld t be jacked and in the gym by any means fr thse gains, but ur bdies are nt trends that we shuld be ashamed f.
Infrmatin withut applicatin
Like many thers, yu may decide t apply the self-imprvement infrmatin nce yu finished reading all f it, but there are s many bks abut it and new nes keeps cming ut. ___38___ As pwerful as knwledge is, applied knwledge is the best kind. Dn’t be afraid t apply what yu’ve learnt int the wrld.
Visualizatins withut actin
Perhaps yu see yurself as a painter, r yu wish yu’d have a big huse. Visualizing the life yu want and putting it ut there can be a great way t get yurself mtivated. Hwever, this can becme an issue when yu nly put it ut there and dream abut it with nthing in between t bridge the gap. ___39___ Remember that yu have t actually d it t get there.
A. It can be heartbreaking and tugh, but it may be necessary.
B. It will be t bad if yu fail t keep yur mmentum and wrk n.
C. Yu need t create great expectatins in rder t drive yurself frward.
D. If it lacks the structure and actin, all yu dreamt abut is nly a dream.
E. Hwever, yu might create wild expectatins which are t much fr yurself.
F. Instead f prmting healthy lifestyles, it advertises certain bdy types as desirable.
G. All f these hw-t’s can be helpful, but they are useless if yu dn’t actually use them.
【答案】35. E 36. A 37. F 38. G 39. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了五个对人有害的、浪费时间的自我提升习惯。。
【35题详解】
由上文“Having gals can be very helpful since it can help give yu smething t wrk twards and place yur energy int. (有目标是很有帮助的，因为它可以帮助你朝着目标努力，把你的精力投入其中。)”可知，下面要说跟“目标，期望”有关的话题，由后文“This is a harmful habit because yu’re nt fcused n yurself and yur enjyment f life, but n achieving ther peple’s ideals. Remember, yu dn’t have t be perfect, yu just need t be yurself. (这是一个有害的习惯，因为你不关注自己和生活的乐趣，而是关注实现别人的理想。记住，你不需要完美，你只需要做你自己。)”可知，本空表示定的目标太高，故E选项“Hwever, yu might create wild expectatins which are t much fr yurself. (然而，你可能会产生过高的期望。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
【36题详解】
由上文“The idea abut hw yu must never give up r that yu must cnstantly hustle, even at the expense f yur health can be very damaging t yur wellbeing. Smetimes, things just dn’t wrk ut and yu need t give up, but that’s nt a bad thing. (你必须永不放弃，或者你必须不断地努力，即使牺牲你的健康，这种想法对你的幸福是非常有害的。有时候，事情就是不顺利，你需要放弃，但这并不是一件坏事。)”可知，下面要说跟“放弃”有关的话题，由后文“As much as there are peple wh have supprt themselves and thers by wrking lng hurs, cnstantly hustling withut taking any breaks fr yurself t get yur bearings may nly lead t burnut. (尽管有些人通过长时间工作来养活自己和他人，但不断地忙碌而不让自己休息一下，这可能只会导致精疲力竭。)”可知，本句要表达不放弃的坏处，故A选项“It can be heartbreaking and tugh, but it may be necessary. (这可能令人心碎和艰难，但这可能是必要的。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。
37题详解】
由后文“Wmen are implred t get dangerus, unnecessary csmetic surgery and men are tld t be jacked and in the gym by any means fr thse gains, but ur bdies are nt trends that we shuld be ashamed f. (女性被怂恿去做危险的、不必要的整容手术，而男性则被告知为了获得这些好处要不择手段地去健身房锻炼，但我们的身体并不是我们应该感到羞耻的趋势。)”可知，本句要表达和“体型”有关的话题，故F选项“Instead f prmting healthy lifestyles, it advertises certain bdy types as desirable. (它没有提倡健康的生活方式，而是宣传某些体型是可取的。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选F。
【38题详解】
由上文“Like many thers, yu may decide t apply the self-imprvement infrmatin nce yu finished reading all f it, but there are s many bks abut it and new nes keeps cming ut. (和其他很多人一样，你可能会在读完所有的书后决定应用这些自我提升的信息，但是关于这方面的书太多了，而且新的书还在不断涌现。)”可知，下面要说跟“书中自我提升的信息”有关的话题，由后文“As pwerful as knwledge is, applied knwledge is the best kind. Dn’t be afraid t apply what yu’ve learnt int the wrld. (知识固然强大，但应用知识是最好的知识。不要害怕把你学到的东西应用到这个世界上。)”可知，本句要表达书中自我提升的信息有用，但是要注重应用。故G选项“All f these hw-t’s can be helpful, but they are useless if yu dn’t actually use them. (所有这些操作方法都是有用的，但如果你没有真正使用它们，它们就毫无用处。)”能承上启下，符合题意。G项中的“use”与空后的“applied”相对应。故选G。
【39题详解】
由上文“Hwever, this can becme an issue when yu nly put it ut there and dream abut it with nthing in between t bridge the gap. (然而，当你只是把它放在那里，梦想着它，没有任何中间的桥梁时，这就会成为一个问题。)”可知，下面要说跟“梦想”有关的话题。故D选项“If it lacks the structure and actin, all yu dreamt abut is nly a dream. (如果它缺乏结构和动作，那么你所梦想的只是一场梦。)”能承接上文，符合题意。D项中的“dreamt”与空前的“dream”相对应。故选D。
第三部分：书面表达 (共两节,32分)
第一节 阅读表达 (共4小题，共12分;第40、41小题,每小题2分;第42题,3分;第43题,5分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。
Japan started releasing nuclear-cntaminated water int the Pacific Ocean n August 24th and will cntinue t d s fr at least 30 years. In the face f strng questining and ppsitin frm the internatinal cmmunity, Japan plays wrd games by referring t the discharged “nuclear-cntaminated water” as “treated nuclear wastewater”.
Hwever, the tw are fundamentally different. Nuclear wastewater refers t the wastewater prduced during the nrmal, daily peratin f a nuclear pwer plant, such as large quantities f water used t cl dwn the reactr f the plant. Because the water desn’t tuch radiactive substances (放射性物质) in the nuclear reactr, it can be flushed ut after strict prcessing.
Nuclear-cntaminated water refers t cling water that cmes int direct cntact with radiactive materials inside the reactr when the reactr is breached after a nuclear accident. The cling water becmes cntaminated with highly radiactive substances, thus becming nuclear-cntaminated water.
The Fukushima nuclear pwer plant experienced a majr incident in 2011, bringing water int cntact with radiactive substances. The Japanese side’s cnflatin (混淆) f this with wastewater frm nrmal peratins is a deceptive attempt t hide the truth. The Japanese side claims that the multi-nuclide treatment system ALPS is used t treat nuclear cntaminated water, and that the treated water is safe and even meets drinking water standards. Hwever, such statements fail t alleviate public cncerns. Japan has yet t address majr internatinal cncerns, such as the lng-term reliability f the purificatin facility, the authenticity and accuracy f the nuclear-cntaminated water data, and the effectiveness if the mnitring arrangement. This is extremely selfish and irrespnsible, as the discharge will spread the risks f nuclear cntaminatin t the rest f the wrld.
40. Hw des the Japanese mislead the internatinal cmmunity?
_________________________________________________________
41. In what way nuclear-cntaminated water is different frm nuclear wastewater.
_________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Japan’s deceptive attempts t hide the truth alleviate public cncerns ver the lng-term reliability f the purificatin facility, etc.
_________________________________________________________
43. Hw is Japan’s dumping nuclear-cntaminated water related t yu? (In abut 40 wrds)
_________________________________________________________
【答案】40. Japan plays wrd games by referring t the discharged “nuclear-cntaminated water” as “treated nuclear wastewater”.
41. Nuclear wastewater desn’t tuch radiactive substances while nuclear cntaminated water directly cntact with radiactive materials.
42. Japan’s deceptive attempts t hide the truth alleviate public cncerns ver the lng-term reliability f the purificatin facility, etc.
Accrding t the article, their statements fail t alleviate public cncerns.
43. Japan’s dumping nuclear-cntaminated water may harm my health due t ptential envirnmental impact, fd safety cncerns, and health risks frm radiatin expsure.
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。讲述了日本政府不顾国际社会的强烈质疑和反对，于8月24日开始向太平洋排放受核污染的水，是极其自私和不负责任的。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“In the face f strng questining and ppsitin frm the internatinal cmmunity, Japan plays wrd games by referring t the discharged “nuclear-cntaminated water” as “treated nuclear wastewater”.(面对国际社会的强烈质疑和反对，日本玩弄文字游戏，将排放的“核污染水”称为“处理过的核废水”)”可知，日本通过玩文字游戏来误导国际社会。故回答：Japan plays wrd games by referring t the discharged “nuclear-cntaminated water” as “treated nuclear wastewater”。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Nuclear wastewater refers t the wastewater prduced during the nrmal, daily peratin f a nuclear pwer plant, such as large quantities f water used t cl dwn the reactr f the plant. Because the water desn’t tuch radiactive substances (放射性物质) in the nuclear reactr, it can be flushed ut after strict prcessing.(核废水是指核电站在正常的日常运行过程中产生的废水，例如用于冷却核电站反应堆的大量水。因为水不接触核反应堆中的放射性物质，所以经过严格的处理后可以被冲洗出来)”可知，核废水不接触放射性物质，根据第三段“Nuclear-cntaminated water refers t cling water that cmes int direct cntact with radiactive materials inside the reactr when the reactr is breached after a nuclear accident. The cling water becmes cntaminated with highly radiactive substances, thus becming nuclear-cntaminated water.(核污染水是指发生核事故后，反应堆发生破裂，与反应堆内部放射性物质直接接触的冷却水。冷却水被高放射性物质污染，从而成为核污染水)”可知，核污染水与放射性物质直接接触。故回答：Nuclear wastewater desn’t tuch radiactive substances while nuclear cntaminated water directly cntact with radiactive materials。
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“The Japanese side’s cnflatin (混淆) f this with wastewater frm nrmal peratins is a deceptive attempt t hide the truth. The Japanese side claims that the multi-nuclide treatment system ALPS is used t treat nuclear cntaminated water, and that the treated water is safe and even meets drinking water standards. Hwever, such statements fail t alleviate public cncerns.(日方将其与正常生产废水混为一谈，是掩盖事实真相的欺骗性企图。日方声称，采用多核素处理系统ALPS处理核污染水，处理后的水是安全的，甚至达到了饮用水标准。然而，这样的声明并没有减轻公众的担忧)”可知，日本隐瞒真相的欺骗性企图没有减轻公众的担忧，所以题干句子描述中Japan’s deceptive attempts t hide the truth alleviate public cncerns ver the lng-term reliability f the purificatin facility, etc.的alleviate是错误的。故回答：Accrding t the article, their statements fail t alleviate public cncerns。
【43题详解】
开放性问题。日本政府不顾国际社会的强烈质疑和反对向太平洋排放受核污染的水，可能造成一系列的问题，包括环境影响、食品安全问题以及辐射暴露带来的健康风险，而对个人来说，就是由此带来的可能存在的健康伤害。故回答：Japan’s dumping nuclear-cntaminated water may harm my health due t ptential envirnmental impact, fd safety cncerns, and health risks frm radiatin expsure。
第二节(共20分)
44. 假如你是红星中学学生李华，你的学校准备以“选秀类节目是否对公众有益”为题举行一场英文辩论赛。作为一名参赛选手，请你表达自己的主张，并对自己的主张进行论证。内容应包括：
1. 你是否支持选秀类节目；
2. 你支持或者反对的原因及依据。
参考词汇：talent shw
注意：
1. 词数：100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Talent shws have been ppular in China fr many years. Hwever, recently peple start talking abut whether talent shws are beneficial in general. I am persnally against talent shws.
On the ne hand, they give peple false mtivatins and make them believe they can becme famus and make mney easily by attending the shws. In fact, nly few can really succeed, and mst peple simply waste their time and energy in the prcess. On the ther hand, talent shws are nt fair t all the participants. Best perfrmers are ften kicked ut, and the winners are ften less talented. The audience feels sad and frustrated abut it when seeing that happens.
T sum up, I am against talent shws in their current frm and I think they need t be changed.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“选秀类节目是否对公众有益”为题写一篇文章，表达自己的主张，并讲述自己支持或反对的原因及依据。
【详解】1.词汇积累
有益的：beneficial→helpful/advantageus
使人相信：make sb. believe→cnvince sb. f…
参加/参与：attend→take part in/g in fr
事实上：in fact→actually
总而言之：t sum up→all in all/in a wrd/in shrt
2.句式拓展
同义句改写
原句：On the ne hand, they give peple false mtivatins and make them believe they can becme famus and make mney easily by attending the shws.
拓展句：On the ne hand, they give peple false mtivatins, which make them believe they can becme famus and make mney easily by attending the shws.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hwever, recently peple start talking abut whether talent shws are beneficial in general.（运用了whether引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】The audience feels sad and frustrated abut it when seeing that happens.（“when seeing that happens”为when引导时间状语从句的省略句）
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