江苏省连云港市赣榆区2023-2024学年高一上学期期中学业质量监测英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份江苏省连云港市赣榆区2023-2024学年高一上学期期中学业质量监测英语试卷(含答案)，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，选词填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Can internatinal students bring family r their children with them t Australia? Use this guide t find ut abut the visa rules fr internatinal students.
A student visa is a temprary (临时的) visa that allws students t stay in Australia fr the length f their curse. Students are als able t include family members when they are applying fr their student visa as lng as they are yur partner r children.
One f the mst imprtant factrs f the applicatin is the genuine temprary entrant (GTE) criterin (入境标准). It includes a written statement in which yu need t demnstrate (说明) that yu and yur family d nt intend t stay in Australia beynd yur student visa.
Yu als have t meet English language prerequisites (前提) as well as financial requirements. Yu need t have enugh mney that is genuinely available t yu t pay fr yur curse fees and travel and living csts fr yu and yur accmpanying family members while yu are in Australia.
The 12-mnth living cst is:
Student: AUD$21,041
Partner/spuse: AUD$7,362
Child: AUD$3,152
Alternatively, yu can shw prf f an annual incme. The current benchmark (基准) is A$62,222 fr single persn r A$72,592 fr families.
1、What can we learn abut an internatinal student visa in Australia?
A. It is easy t apply.
B. It can be used frever.
C. It can include students’ family members.
D. It is signed by students’ family members.
2、Hw much will a student spend n living fr ne year if his child ges abrad with him?
A. AUD$62, 222.B. AUD$72, 592.
C. AUD$24, 193.D. AUD$28, 403.
3、Where is the passage mst prbably taken frm?
A. A travel jurnal.B. An educatinal guide.
C. A curse plan.D. A business reprt.
It is August 1939 and a grup f frightened children are barding a train at Prague’s Wilsn Statin. Their heartbrken parents d nt jin them. Indeed, they fear they may never see their children again. But they knw that their children will live. These are amng the 669 children that Nichlas Wintn will g n t save frm death.
In December 1938, a friend asked Wintn t cme t Prague t help peple. In Prague, Wintn saw peple living in terrible cnditins and whse lives were in danger. He decided t help transprt children t safety in Britain. He established an ffice t keep recrds f the children and then returned t Britain t find temprary hmes fr them. He used dnated funds and his wn mney t pay the 50 punds per child that the British gvernment required. By August 1939, Wintn had saved 669 children.
During Wrld War II, Wintn served as an fficer in Britain’s Ryal Air Frce. He left the army in 1954. He then wrked fr internatinal charities and fr varius cmpanies. Fr the mst part, he did nt mentin the children he saved and his actins sn disappeared frm peple’s memries. That’s all changed in 1988 when his wife Grete fund a frgtten jurnal at hme. The jurnal cntained phts and names f the children and addresses f the families that tk them in. She sent the jurnal t a newspaper, and that year Wintn was seen n the British televisin prgram That’s Life. At ne pint, the hst asked peple in the audience t stand up if Nichlas Wintn had saved their lives. A shcked Wintn watched as the majrity f peple rse t their feet. The prgram brught-his actins t public attentin and Wintn became a respected figure arund the wrld.
Nichlas Wintn passed away n 1 July 2015, at the age f 106. As the Chinese saying ges, “a kind-hearted persn lives a lng life.”
4、Why did Wintn decide t help the children ut?
A. He was frced by a friend.
B. He came t Prague fr business.
C. He pitied their heartbrken parents.
D. He saw their dangerus living cnditins.
5、What can we learn abut Wintn frm paragraph 3?
A. He became a businessman after leaving the army.
B. He became a respected figure during Wrld War II.
C. He sent the jurnal with pictures and names t a newspaper.
D. He was invited nt the British televisin prgram That’s Life.
6、Which f the fllwing can best describe Wintn?
A. Psitive.B. Independent.
C. Warm-hearted.D. Adventurus.
7、Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. A frightening rescue.B. The pwer f gd.
C. A meaningful business.D. The pwer f friendship.
If yur next meeting can’t be an email, maybe it can just be 15 minutes. The 15-minute meeting is the fastest-grwing blck f time that wrkers and bsses are planning, accrding t an analysis f Micrsft Teams data, which als shws peple are bking fewer hur-lng meetings. Fifteen-minute meetings nw make up 60 percent f gatherings, prving that executives and emplyees alike have grwn stricter abut their time.
Thirty minutes tends t be the cmmn time fr many meetings. Jayne Sandman, wh runs a Washingtn, D. C. , branding-and-marketing firm, generally gives peple a tight 15. “The death f yur day is t many ‘half-hurs’,” she says. Sandman starts calls with smething warm and exciting, such as “I can’t wait t hear abut yur weekend later!” Then she quickly turns t business, nting there are nly 15 minutes n the dcket (议程).
Over three-furths f emplyees say shrter meetings are mre efficient, accrding t a new pll f mre than 2,000 U.S. wrkers cnducted in September by market-research firm Civicscience. One-third f respndents said they stp paying attentin after 15 minutes anyway. Fr an emplyee wh makes $100 an hur, cutting dwn 4 f their meetings by 15 minutes is a $100 savings. Shrter meetings can als help emplyees wrk less hurs. Cmpanies that have gne t a fur-day wrkweek say banishing meetings that serve mstly as prgress reprts is the first step t increase efficient hurs ut f the day.
Rahim Charania, managing partner f a real-estate investment firm, says the 15-minute blck is the standard time, and meetings rarely run ver. “It frces everyne t d the majrity f their thinking befre the meeting.”
8、What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A. Arguments ver meeting time.
B. Means f attending meetings.
C. Peple’s attitudes twards time.
D. Peple’s preference fr shrter meetings.
9、Which f the fllwing best explains “banish” underlined?
A. Remve.B. Attend.C. Organize.D. Add.
10、Hw des the authr shw the efficiency f 15-minute meetings?
A. By listing figures.B. By making a cmparisn.
C. By telling a stry.D. By giving definitins.
11、What is the benefit f shrter meetings accrding t Rahim Charania?
A. Wrkers can earn mre mney.
B. Wrkers can stay mre fcused.
C. Wrkers will prepare fr meetings well.
D. Wrkers can have mre time themselves.
Thusands f emperr penguins in western Antarctica lst their chicks last year, largely due t gradually reducing sea ice, satellite data suggest.
While lking at satellite images in 2022, gegrapher Peter Fretwell nticed that ice in ne area was melting (融化) especially early in the year. He and his clleagues wanted t measure the influence f this ice lss n emperr penguins in the Bellingshausen Sea ff western Antarctica. S the researchers lked at satellite images f grups t determine the future f the breeding (繁殖) seasn. There were 62 emperr penguin grups thrughut Antarctica. Of the five grups bserved, fur prbably lst all their chicks, the team reprts August 24.
Emperr penguins rely n stable (稳定的) sea ice thrughut their breeding seasn. When an egg hatches (孵化), the newbrn chick must fledge (羽化), lsing its sft feathers t gain its waterprf cat. But in 2022, sea ice brke up befre sme grups were finished fledging. Withut waterprf feathers, fledging birds were unable t survive, Fretwell says.
Sme f thse ther grups have als experienced bad breeding seasns lately. On Antarctica’s Brunt Ice Shelf, the wrld’s secnd-largest emperr penguin grup at the time had three years f breeding failure frm 2016 t 2018 after strms brke up sea ice there, Fretwell and a clleague previusly reprted.
The new study, recrding breeding failure acrss several grups at nce, “is the first bservatin that agrees with the wrst expectatins f what culd happen” as the Earth cntinues t warm, Schmidt says. “I’m wrried—it’s nt a gd sign.” Recent estimates predict (预测) that the changing climate and melting sea ice culd cut emperr penguin ppulatins by mre than half by 2100.
Althugh the future f emperr penguins is wrrying, Fretwell still has hpe. “If we can slw dwn glbal warming… we can turn arund the future f the emperr penguin,” he says. “But that windw f pprtunity is getting smaller, s we really have t act nw.”
12、What’s Peter Fretwell’s research aimed at?
A. Figuring ut why Antarctica’s ice is melting.
B. Knwing the effect f ice lss n emperr penguins.
C. Wrking ut the number f emperr penguin grups.
D. Changing the emperr penguins’ future in breeding seasn.
13、What can we learn frm paragraphs 3 and 4?
A. The birth rate f emperr penguins is very lw.
B. The grwth prcess f emperr penguins is tugh.
C. The breaking up f sea ice leads t the breeding failure.
D. The grups all have experienced bad breeding seasns.
14、What is special abut the new study?
A. It meets the wrst expectatins f what might happen.
B. It recrds breeding failure f several grups at nce.
C. It predicts emperr penguins’ ppulatin will decrease by half.
D. It calls n peple t change the future f the emperr penguin.
15、What is Fretwell’s attitude tward the future f emperr penguins?
A. Unclear.B. Negative.C. Dubtful.D. Psitive.
二、七选五
16、Be a Gd Turist
Turism can be bth gd and bad. Yes, it brings in mney fr the lcal ecnmy and creates lts f jbs fr lcals, but it may als bring sme prblems.
①_______ Turists have used paint, rcks, r even keys t write n the Luxr Temple in Egypt, the Clsseum in Rme, Stnehenge in the UK and many, many ther places. ②_______ If yu want t leave a mark n the wrld, d it by changing smene’s life with kindness and lve.
Anther big prblem in sme places has been turists disturbing (打扰) the lcal peple and life. ③_______ Fr example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Ynsei University in Suth Krea have great numbers f turists visiting their campuses and walking thrugh their libraries and ther public areas, taking pictures f students, and disturbing their studies. ④_______ Sme turists lve t party there late int the night, making it difficult fr lcals t sleep. I have three wrds fr turists like this: please be cnsiderate. Have fun in a way that des nt disturb thers.
The number f prblems frm turists is endless. The nly way t slve the prblem f the terrible turist is t make sure that yu are nt ne! ⑤_______
A. Be the best, kindest, mst plite turist pssible.
B. I have three wrds fr peple like this: please stp it.
C. Anther example is Sanlitun, a neighburhd in Beijing, China.
D. Walk in large grups withut cnsidering thers wh need t walk by.
E. Thusands f turist sites are being destryed by turists wh “lve them t death”.
F. One grwing prblem is turists wh want t prve that they have visited a destinatin.
G. Sme turists wander arund and take pictures f lcal peple withut their permissin.
三、完形填空（15空）
Every year my parents g ut t the streets f San Francisc t hand ut gifts, sleeping bags and ther clthing t the hmeless in the Winter seasn.
My parents 1 their first hmeless persn f the day. He was 2 and a bit cnfused (迷糊的). My parents asked him what happened. He said he had all his things 3 . His name was Tm Crnin. My parents then asked if he wuld like t have them 4 his family fr him, and he pulled ut f his pcket a 5 with his brther’s name n it. What happens next is a crazy 6 .
After giving him 7 and a sleeping bag, my Mm came hme and asked me t 8 the name f his brther. After I had fund the 9 f his brther in Big Sur, my Mm cntacted him. He tld us Tm suffered frm epilepsy (癫痫), which smetimes made him lst and unable t take care f himself.
Brther Dan came t San Francisc and 10 the streets with my Dad, but there was n 11 . Then a (an) 12 was created by Dan called Findtmcrnin.cm. What happened later was 13 . Peple started emailing Dan.
Less than tw weeks later, plice fficer Rdney Barrera 14 Tm and immediately brught him t the 15 rm. The hspital cntacted Dan. With the effrts f s many, a family was reunited.
17、A. respectedB. metC. invitedD. hired
18、A. untidyB. lazyC. calmD. cl
19、A. brrwedB. cleanedC. stlenD. sent
20、A. teachB. helpC. remindD. cntact
21、A. keyB. cardC. billD. wallet
22、A. dreamB. ideaC. adventureD. attempt
23、A. clthesB. resurcesC. facilitiesD. materials
24、A. put frwardB. think verC. write dwnD. lk up
25、A. jbB. intrductinC. infrmatinD. accunt
26、A. searchedB. crssedC. cleanedD. visited
27、A. harmB. luckC. respnseD. ptin
28、A. wrkshpB. websiteC. psterD. cmpany
29、A. magicalB. alarmingC. passiveD. unbearable
30、A. believedB. awakenedC. fundD. supprted
31、A. livingB. diningC. strageD. emergency
四、短文填空
32、The 19th Asian Games clsed n 8 Octber, 2023 in Hangzhu. 45 cuntries and regins shared ①_______(amaze) mments there, marking ②_______ third time that China has hsted the cntinental multi-sprts event.
With break-dancing and esprts making ③_______ (they) debuts (首次亮相) as fficial medal sprts, the Hangzhu Asian Games featured 40 sprts and 481 events. China ④_______ (win) 201 glds, 111 silvers and 71 brnzes, finishing atp the medal tally fr the 11th cnsecutive editin. Behind China, Japan finished in secnd place with 52 gld, 67 silver and 69 brnze medals, ⑤_______ (fllw) by Suth Krea n 42-59-89. 27 cuntries and regins wn gld ⑥_______ (medal), while 41 delegatins pcketed at least ne medal.
China’s swimmers Zhang Yufei and Qin Haiyang ⑦_______ (award) Mst Valuable Player (MVP) f the Asian Games. Zhang clinched (赢得) six titles and Qin pcketed five glds and a silver n his secnd Asiad ⑧_______ (appear).
Olympic Cuncil f Asia (OCA) acting president Raja Randhir Singh declared the Games clsed, praising China as the perfect hst ⑨_______ the OCA will never frget. “I wuld like t thank the Chinese gvernment, the Chinese Olympic Cmmittee, the peple f Hangzhu, ⑩_______ the Hangzhu rganizing cmmittee (HAGOC) fr what yu have dne.” said Singh.
33、Heated ①______(argue) and cld silences are cmmn in parent-child relatinship due t several factrs. Fr ne thing, teenagers’ ②______ (anxius) abut physical changes can ften result in parents being the first target f their anger. Fr anther thing, it is a struggle ③______ (balance) the develping mental needs as teenagers desire ④______ (depend) but still need parents’ lve and supprt.
Thugh it may seem ⑤______ (pssible) fr teenagers t get alng well with their parents, measures can ⑥______ (take) t imprve the situatin. The key t ⑦______ (keep) the peace is t cmmunicate with them regularly and hnestly. When teenagers can’t see eye t eye with their parents, it is better t calm dwn and try t understand the situatin frm their parents’ pint f view. Perhaps they have experienced smething similar and dn’t want yu t g ⑧______ the same pain. After thinking it ver, explain yur actins and feelings calmly, listen carefully, and slve their cncerns.
Please remember it is ⑨______ (cmplete) nrmal t deal with the stress ⑩______ parent-child tensins create, and that bth sides can wrk tgether t imprve the relatinship.
五、选词填空
34、选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。
①Their kids _________ since I last saw them. They are much taller nw.
②High thin cluds _________ heating while lw thick cluds cl Earth.
③Fllwing these tips, yu’ll knw what is wrth seeing, s that yu can _________ yur time at the museum.
④Fr thse wh want t _________, rck climbing is a fun and effective way.
⑤Nearly all educatrs believe that a challenging situatin ften _________ the best qualities f a persn.
⑥He was determined _________ the challenge even thugh it was very tugh.
⑦Althugh we lived in the city, my father never _________ his yuth as an Irish farm by.
⑧Individual pwer is small, but yu can d several things easily _________ t yur cmmunity.
⑨Withut my belved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt _________ and ut f place.
⑩Friendship has a duble advantage—happiness _________ a greater meaning and a truble shared becmes a truble halved.
六、书面表达
35、假定你是李华，你的笔友Mike向你求助，进入高中后他感觉生活学习节奏加快，考试压力增大，学习缺乏目标，为此他很苦恼。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.表示理解和安慰；
2.提出至少2点建议。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mike,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
参考答案
1、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Students are als able t include family members when they are applying fr their student visa as lng as they are yur partner r children.(学生在申请学生签证时也可以包括家庭成员，只要他们是你的伴侣或孩子)”可知，澳大利亚的国际学生签证可以包括学生的家庭成员。故选C项。
2、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据The 12-mnth living cst is:下的“Student: AUD$21,041”以及“Child: AUD$3,152”可知，如果一个学生的孩子和他一起出国，一年的花费为21,041+3,152=AUD$24, 193。故选C项。
3、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Can internatinal students bring family r their children with them t Australia? Use this guide t find ut abut the visa rules fr internatinal students.(国际学生可以带家人或孩子来澳大利亚吗?使用本指南了解国际学生的签证规则)”可知，本文是一份国际学生的签证指南，所以可能来自教育指南。故选B项。
4、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“In December 1938, a friend asked Wintn t cme t Prague t help peple. In Prague, Wintn saw peple living in terrible cnditins and whse lives were in danger. He decided t help transprt children t safety in Britain. (1938年12月，一位朋友邀请温顿去布拉格帮助人们。在布拉格，温顿看到人们生活在恶劣的环境中，生命处于危险之中。他决定帮助把孩子们送到英国的安全地带)”可知，因为温顿看到了他们危险的生活条件，所以决定帮助孩子们。故选D项。
5、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“She sent the jurnal t a newspaper, and that year Wintn was seen n the British televisin prgram That’s Life. At ne pint, the hst asked peple in the audience t stand up if Nichlas Wintn had saved their lives. A shcked Wintn watched as the majrity f peple rse t their feet. (她把日记寄给了一家报纸，那一年温顿出现在了英国电视节目《That’s Life》中。在某个时刻，主持人请观众中被尼古拉斯·温顿曾经救过命的人站起来。温顿震惊地看着大多数人站了起来)”可知，温顿被邀请参加英国电视节目《That’s Life》。故选D项。
6、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“In December 1938, a friend asked Wintn t cme t Prague t help peple. In Prague, Wintn saw peple living in terrible cnditins and whse lives were in danger. He decided t help transprt children t safety in Britain. (1938年12月，一位朋友邀请温顿去布拉格帮助人们。在布拉格，温顿看到人们生活在恶劣的环境中，生命处于危险之中。他决定帮助把孩子们送到英国的安全地带)”以及“By August 1939, Wintn had saved 669 children. (到1939年8月，温顿已经拯救了669名儿童)”以及第三段“He left the army in 1954. He then wrked fr internatinal charities and fr varius cmpanies. (他于1954年退役。然后他为国际慈善机构和各种公司工作)”可知，温顿在二战时救助了669名儿童，并且退役后依然在国际慈善机构工作，所以他是热心的。故选C项。
7、答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“It is August 1939 and a grup f frightened children are barding a train at Prague’s Wilsn Statin. Their heartbrken parents d nt jin them. Indeed, they fear they may never see their children again. But they knw that their children will live. These are amng the 669 children that Nichlas Wintn will g n t save frm death. (1939年8月，在布拉格的威尔逊车站，一群吓坏了的孩子正登上一列火车。他们伤心欲绝的父母没有加入他们。事实上，他们担心再也见不到自己的孩子了。但他们知道他们的孩子会活下来。这些都是尼古拉斯·温顿将从死亡中拯救的669名儿童中的一部分)”纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了介绍了尼古拉斯·温顿在二战时救助了669名儿童，并且不为人所知，而他依旧在坚持作慈善，直到他的妻子发现了他写的日记，他的慈善行为才为人所知，温顿成为了世界上受人尊敬的人物，所以B项“The pwer f gd. (善的力量)”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。
8、答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“If yur next meeting can’t be an email, maybe it can just be 15 minutes. The 15-minute meeting is the fastest-grwing blck f time that wrkers and bsses are planning, accrding t an analysis f Micrsft Teams data, which als shws peple are bking fewer hur-lng meetings. Fifteen-minute meetings nw make up 60 percent f gatherings, prving that executives and emplyees alike have grwn stricter abut their time.(如果你的下一次会议不能通过电子邮件进行，也许15分钟就可以了。根据对微软团队数据的分析，15分钟的会议是员工和老板计划的增长最快的一段时间，该分析还显示，人们预订的一小时会议越来越少。15分钟的会议现在占了会议的60%，这证明高管和员工对时间的要求越来越严格)”可知，本段主要讲述了人们更喜欢较短时间的会议。故选D项。
9、答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Shrter meetings can als help emplyees wrk less hurs.(缩短会议时间也可以帮助员工减少工作时间)”可知，此处是在讲述缩短会议时间的好处是帮助员工减少工作时间，并结合划线词后“that serve mstly as prgress reprts(主要是作为进度报告)”可以推测，如果取消只是为了进度报告的会议，是提高一天中效率的第一步，所以推知banishing应是“取消”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。
10、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over three-furths f emplyees say shrter meetings are mre efficient, accrding t a new pll f mre than 2,000 U.S. wrkers cnducted in September by market-research firm Civicscience. One-third f respndents said they stp paying attentin after 15 minutes anyway. Fr an emplyee wh makes 100 $100 an hur, cutting dwn 4 f their meetings by 15 minutes is a $100 savings.(市场研究公司Civicscience今年9月对2,000多名美国员工进行的一项新调查显示，超过四分之三的员工表示，开会时间越短效率越高。三分之一的受访者表示，他们在15分钟后就不再集中注意力了。对于一个每小时赚100美元的员工来说，减少15分钟的4次会议就节省了100美元)”可知，作者通过列出数字来展示15分钟会议的效率。故选A项。
11、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Rahim Charania, managing partner f a real-estate investment firm, says the 15-minute blck is the standard time, and meetings rarely run ver. “It frces everyne t d the majrity f their thinking befre the meeting.”(一家房地产投资公司的管理合伙人查拉尼亚(Rahim Charania)说，15分钟是标准时间，会议很少超时。“它迫使每个人在开会前做大部分的思考。”)”可知，根据拉希姆·查拉尼亚的说法，缩短会议的好处是它迫使每个人在开会前做大部分的思考，也就是为会议做好准备。故选C项。
12、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“While lking at satellite images in 2022, gegrapher Peter Fretwell nticed that ice in ne area was melting (融化) especially early in the year. He and his clleagues wanted t measure the influence f this ice lss n emperr penguins in the Bellingshausen Sea ff western Antarctica.(在观察2022年的卫星图像时，地理学家彼得·弗雷特韦尔(Peter Fretwell)注意到，一个地区的冰正在融化，尤其是在今年早些时候。他和他的同事们想要测量这种冰的损失对南极洲西部别林斯高森海的帝企鹅的影响)”可知，Peter Fretwell的研究目标是了解海冰消融对帝企鹅的影响。故选B项。
13、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Emperr penguins rely n stable (稳定的) sea ice thrughut their breeding seasn.(帝企鹅在整个繁殖季节都依赖稳定的海冰)”以及第四段“Sme f thse ther grups have als experienced bad breeding seasns lately. On Antarctica’s Brunt Ice Shelf, the wrld’s secnd-largest emperr penguin grup at the time had three years f breeding failure frm 2016 t 2018 after strms brke up sea ice there, Fretwell and a clleague previusly reprted.(其他一些种群最近也经历了糟糕的繁殖季节。弗雷特韦尔和一位同事此前报道称，在南极洲的布伦特冰架上，当时世界上第二大帝企鹅群在2016年至2018年的三年里，由于风暴打破了那里的海冰，繁殖失败)”可知，这两段主要讲述了海冰的破裂导致了繁殖的失败。故选C项。
14、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The new study, recrding breeding failure acrss several grups at nce, “is the first bservatin that agrees with the wrst expectatins f what culd happen” as the Earth cntinues t warm, Schmidt says.(这项新研究同时记录了几个种群的繁殖失败，施密特说，随着地球继续变暖，“这是第一个与最坏预期一致的观察结果”。)”可知，这项新研究的特别之处是它达到了最坏的预期。故选A项。
15、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Althugh the future f emperr penguins is wrrying, Fretwell still has hpe. “If we can slw dwn glbal warming… we can turn arund the future f the emperr penguin,” he says. “But that windw f pprtunity is getting smaller, s we really have t act nw.”(尽管帝企鹅的未来令人担忧，但弗雷特韦尔仍然抱有希望。“如果我们能减缓全球变暖……我们就能扭转帝企鹅的未来，”他说。“但机会之窗正在变得越来越小，所以我们真的必须现在就采取行动。”)”可知，Fretwell仍然抱有挽救希望，所以他对于帝企鹅的未来，态度是积极的。故选D项。
16、答案：①-⑤FBGCA
解析：本文是说明文。文章主要讲述旅游业在带动当地经济发展的同时也会产生诸多问题。文章建议我们在旅游时尽可能做最好、最友善、最懂礼貌的游客。
①分析设空，位于段首，应是本段的中心句，根据后文“Turists have used paint, rcks, r even keys t write n the Luxr Temple in Egypt, the Clsseum in Rme, Stnehenge in the UK and many, many ther places.(游客们在埃及的卢克索神庙、罗马的斗兽场、英国的巨石阵和许多其他地方用颜料、石头甚至钥匙写字)”可知，游客想要证明自己来过，而破坏了景点，所以F项“One grwing prblem is turists wh want t prve that they have visited a destinatin.(一个日益严重的问题是游客想要证明他们已经参观了一个目的地)”符合本段主题，可作为本段中心句。故选F项。
②根据前文“Turists have used paint, rcks, r even keys t write n the Luxr Temple in Egypt, the Clsseum in Rme, Stnehenge in the UK and many, many ther places.(游客们在埃及的卢克索神庙、罗马的斗兽场、英国的巨石阵和许多其他地方用颜料、石头甚至钥匙写字)”以及后文“If yu want t leave a mark n the wrld, d it by changing smene’s life with kindness and lve.(如果你想在世界上留下印记，那就用善良和爱去改变别人的生活)”可知，空处应是过渡句，又游客的行为过渡到，作者劝诫这种行为，所以B项“I have three wrds fr peple like this: please stp it.(对于这样的人，我只有三个字:请停止)”符合文意，起到承接上下文的作用。故选B项。
③分析设空，位于段首句之后，应是对前句的进一步说明，根据前文“Anther big prblem in sme places has been turists disturbing (打扰) the lcal peple and life.(在一些地方的另一个大问题是游客扰乱了当地的人民和生活)”可知接下来会列举一些游客扰乱了当地的人民和生活的例子，G项“Sme turists wander arund and take pictures f lcal peple withut their permissin.(一些游客在未经允许的情况下四处游荡并拍摄当地人的照片)”是对前文的进一步说明，符合文意。故选G项。
④根据前文“Fr example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Ynsei University in Suth Krea have great numbers f turists visiting their campuses and walking thrugh their libraries and ther public areas, taking pictures f students, and disturbing their studies.(例如，泰国清迈大学和韩国延世大学有大量游客参观他们的校园，穿过他们的图书馆和其他公共区域，给学生拍照，干扰他们的学习)”以及后文“Sme turists lve t party there late int the night, making it difficult fr lcals t sleep.(一些游客喜欢在那里聚会到深夜，这让当地人难以入睡)”可知，此处是在举例，后文描述的和前一个例子不搭，所以应该是另一个例子，所以C项“Anther example is Sanlitun, a neighburhd in Beijing, China.(另一个例子是中国北京的三里屯)”符合文意。故选C项。
⑤分析设空，位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“The number f prblems frm turists is endless. The nly way t slve the prblem f the terrible turist is t make sure that yu are nt ne!(来自游客的问题数不胜数。解决这个问题的唯一方法就是确保你不是一个可怕的游客!)”所以下文应该是提出建议，A项“Be the best, kindest, mst plite turist pssible.(
17、答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母遇到了第一个无家可归的人。A. respected尊重；B. met遇见；C. invited邀请；D. hired雇用。根据前文“Every year my parents g ut t the streets f San Francisc t hand ut gifts, sleeping bags and ther clthing t the hmeless in the Winter seasn.”可知，作者的父母每年冬天都会给无家可归的人送物资，所以此处应是这天遇到的第一个人。故选B项。
18、答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不整洁，有点糊涂。A. untidy不整洁的；B. lazy懒惰的；C. calm平静的；D. cl酷的。根据前文“first hmeless persn”可知，他是无家可归的人，结合实际，应是不整洁的。故选A项。
19、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说他所有的东西都被偷了。A. brrwed借；B. cleaned打扫；C. stlen偷；D. sent发送。根据前文“he had all his things”结合选项可知，他是一个无家可归的人，所以应是“他所有的东西都被偷了”符合实际。故选C项。
20、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我的父母问他是否愿意让他们帮他联系他的家人，他从口袋里掏出一张卡片，上面写着他哥哥的名字。A. teach教；B. help帮助；C. remind提醒；D. cntact联系。根据后文“my Mm cntacted him”可知，此处表示帮他联系他的家人。故选D项。
21、答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我的父母问他是否愿意让他们帮他联系他的家人，他从口袋里掏出一张卡片，上面写着他哥哥的名字。A. key钥匙；B. card卡片；C. bill账单；D. wallet钱包。根据后文“with his brther’s name n it”结合选项，应是带有他哥哥名字的卡片符合实际。故选B项。
22、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：接下来发生的是一场疯狂的冒险。A. dream梦；B. idea想法；C. adventure冒险；D. attempt尝试。根据下文“Brther Dan came t San Francisc and 10 the streets with my Dad”可知，他的兄弟Dan来旧金山找他，但是没找到，之后很多人帮助他找，所以是一场疯狂的冒险符合语境。故选C项。
23、答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：给他衣服和睡袋后，我妈妈回到家，让我查他哥哥的名字。A. clthes衣服；B. resurces资源；C. facilities设施；D. materials材料。根据前文“Every year my parents g ut t the streets f San Francisc t hand ut gifts, sleeping bags and ther clthing t the hmeless in the Winter seasn.”可知，作者的父母给无家可归的人衣服和睡袋。故选A项。
24、答案：D
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：给他衣服和睡袋后，我妈妈回到家，让我查他哥哥的名字。A. put frward提出；B. think ver仔细考虑；C. write dwn写下；D. lk up查找。根据后文“After I had fund the 9 f his brther in Big Sur”可知，是查找他哥哥的名字。故选D项。
25、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我找到他哥哥在Big Sur的信息后，我妈妈联系了他。A. jb工作；B. intrductin介绍；C. infrmatin信息；D. accunt账户。根据后文“my Mm cntacted him”可知，作者的妈妈联系他的哥哥，所以此处表示找到了信息。故选C项。
26、答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brther Dan来到旧金山，和爸爸一起找遍了大街小巷，但没找到。A. searched查找；B. crssed穿越；C. cleaned打扫；D. visited访问。根据前文“Brther Dan came t San Francisc”可知，他的哥哥来旧金山应是找他兄弟。故选A项。
27、答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brther Dan来到旧金山，和爸爸一起找遍了大街小巷，但没找到。A. harm伤害；B. luck好运；C. respnse响应；D. ptin选项。根据后文“Then a (an) 12 was created by Dan called Findtmcrnin.cm.”可知，Dan为他兄弟创建网站，所以此处表示没有找到他。故选B项。
28、答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，丹创建了一个名为Findtmcrnin.cm的网站。A. wrkshp作坊；B. website网站；C. pster海报；D. cmpany公司。根据后文的“Findtmcrnin.cm”可知，这是个网址，所以是创建了网站。故选B项。
29、答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来发生的事情很神奇。A. magical神奇的；B. alarming引起恐慌的；C. passive消极的；D. unbearable无法忍受的。根据后文“Peple started emailing Dan.”结合选项，可知人们开始给Dan发邮件帮他找人，这是神奇的。故选A项。
30、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：不到两周后，警官罗德尼·巴雷拉(Rdney Barrera)找到了汤姆，并立即将他送到急诊室。A. believed相信；B. awakened醒来；C. fund找到；D. supprted支持。根据后文“With the effrts f s many, a family was reunited.”可知，他们团聚了，所以是找到了Tm。故选C项。
31、答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不到两周后，警官罗德尼·巴雷拉(Rdney Barrera)找到了汤姆，并立即将他送到急诊室。A. living居住；B. dining吃饭；C. strage存储；D. emergency紧急情况。根据后文“The hspital cntacted Dan”可知是医院联系了Dan，所以是送到急诊室。故选D项。
32、答案：①amazing②the③their④wn⑤fllwed⑥medals⑦were awarded⑧appearance⑨that/which⑩and
解析：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了第19届亚运会于2023年10月8日在杭州落下帷幕，讲述了亚运会各国的得奖情况以及亚洲奥林匹克理事会代理主席的评价。
①考查形容词。句意：第19届亚运会于2023年10月8日在杭州落下帷幕，45个国家和地区在那里分享了精彩的时刻，这也是中国第三次举办这项洲际综合体育赛事。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，修饰mments，为物，应该用-ing结尾形容词。故填amazing。
②考查冠词。句意：第19届亚运会于2023年10月8日在杭州落下帷幕，45个国家和地区在那里分享了精彩的时刻，这也是中国第三次举办这项洲际综合体育赛事。分析句子结构可知，空后是序数词，表示“第三次”之意，前应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
③考查代词。句意：随着霹雳舞和电子竞技首次成为官方奖牌项目，杭州亚运会共有40个大项，481个小项。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，所以应填形容词性物主代词。故填their。
④考查动词时态。句意：中国获得201枚金牌、111枚银牌和71枚铜牌，连续第11届荣登奖牌榜榜首。分析句子结构可知，win作本句谓语，和主语China之间是主动关系，描述的是已发生的事，用一般过去时。故填wn。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国之后，日本以52金67银69铜排名第二，韩国以42比59比89紧随其后。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词finished，所以fllw用非谓语形式，根据空后的by，应该是过去分词，表被动。故填fllwed。
⑥考查名词复数。句意：27个国家和地区获得金牌，41个代表团获得至少一枚奖牌。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，medal意为“奖章”为可数名词，金牌不止一枚，此处用复数形式。故填medals。
⑦考查动词语态。句意：中国游泳运动员张雨飞和秦海洋获得了亚运会最有价值运动员奖。分析句子结构可知，award作本句谓语，和主语China’s swimmers Zhang Yufei and Qin Haiyang之间是被动关系，用被动语态，描述的是已发生的事，用一般过去时。故填were awarded。
⑧考查名词。句意：张包揽了六项冠军，秦则在他第二次亚洲奥运会上收获了五枚金牌和一枚银牌。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，appear的名词形式是appearance。故填appearance。
⑨考查定语从句。句意：亚洲奥林匹克理事会(OCA)代理主席Raja Randhir Singh宣布奥运会闭幕，称赞中国是一个完美的东道主，OCA永远不会忘记。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是hst，在从句中作宾语，用which或者that引导。故填which或者that。
⑩考查连词。句意：“我要感谢中国政府、中国奥委会、杭州人民和杭州奥组委所做的一切。”辛格说。分析句子结构可知，此处Chinese gvernment，the Chinese Olympic Cmmittee, the peple f Hangzhu和the Hangzhu rganizing cmmittee为并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。
33、答案：①arguments②anxiety③t balance④independence⑤impssible⑥be taken⑦keeping⑧thrugh⑨cmpletely⑩which/that
解析：这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了青少年和父母争吵的原因和改善这种情况的方法。
①考查名词。句意：激烈的争吵和冷淡的沉默在亲子关系中是很常见的，原因有很多。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作主语，argue的名词形式是argument意为“争论”为可数名词，此处和“silences”保持一致，用复数形式，故填arguments。
②考查名词。句意：首先，青少年对身体变化的焦虑往往会导致父母成为他们愤怒的第一个目标。分析句子结构可知，空前是名词所有格，所以空处应填名词，anxius的名词形式是anxiety，不可数。故填anxiety。
③考查非谓语动词。句意：另一方面，由于青少年渴望独立，但仍需要父母的爱和支持，这是一场平衡不断发展的心理需求的斗争。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定句型：it is/was adj./n. t d sth.，其中it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填t balance。
④考查名词。句意：另一方面，由于青少年渴望独立，但仍需要父母的爱和支持，这是一场平衡不断发展的心理需求的斗争。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词或代词作宾语，根据句意，此处应是independence意为“独立”符合语境，不可数。故填independence。
⑤考查形容词。句意：虽然青少年与父母相处融洽似乎是不可能的，但我们可以采取措施来改善这种状况。分析句子结构可知，空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据句意，此处应是impssible意为“不可能的”符合语境。故填impssible。
⑥考查动词语态。句意：虽然青少年与父母相处融洽似乎是不可能的，但我们可以采取措施来改善这种状况。分析句子结构可知，take作主句的谓语，主语是measures两者是被动关系，用被动语态，空前是情态动词，be动词用动词原形。故填be taken。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意：保持和平的关键是定期和诚实地与他们沟通。分析句子结构可知，空前的t是介词，所以空处应填动名词作宾语。故填keeping。
⑧考查介词。句意：也许他们经历过类似的事情，不想让你经历同样的痛苦。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：g thrugh意为“经历”。故填thrugh。
⑨考查副词。句意：请记住，处理亲子关系紧张造成的压力是完全正常的，双方可以共同努力改善关系。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的形容词，应该用副词修饰。故填cmpletely。
⑩考查定语从句。句意：请记住，处理亲子关系紧张造成的压力是完全正常的，双方可以共同努力改善关系。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是stress，在从句中作宾语，用which或者that引导。故填which或者that。
34、答案：①have sht up②cntribute t③make the mst f④get int shape⑤brings ut⑥t rise t⑦let g f⑧t make a difference⑨at a lss⑩takes n
解析：①考查动词短语。句意：自从我上次见到他们以来，他们的孩子们都快长大了。他们现在高了很多。分析句子结构可知，本句主句缺少谓语动词，根据后文“They are much taller nw”可知，应是sht up意为“迅速成长”符合语境，又根据标志词since可知，用现在完成时。故填have sht up。
②考查动词短语。句意：高空的薄云使地球升温，而低处的厚云使地球降温。分析句子结构可知，本句主句缺少谓语动词，根据后文“lw thick cluds cl Earth”可知，应是cntribute t意为“促成”符合语境，根据后文的cl可知用一般现在时。故填cntribute t。
③考查动词短语。句意：遵循这些提示，你就会知道什么值得一看，这样你就可以充分利用你在博物馆的时间。分析句子结构可知，本句从句中缺少谓语，空前是情态动词，空处填动词原形，根据后文“yur time at the museum”，应是make the mst f意为“充分利用”符合语境。故填make the mst f。
④考查动词短语。句意：对于那些想要塑形的人来说，攀岩是一种既有趣又有效的方式。分析句子结构可知，空前的t是不定式的标志，所以空处应填动词原形，根据“rck climbing is a fun and effective way.”可知，应是get int shape意为“塑形”符合语境。故填get int shape。
⑤考查动词短语。句意：几乎所有的教育工作者都认为，具有挑战性的环境往往能激发出一个人最好的品质。分析句子结构可知，本句从句中缺少谓语，根据前文“Nearly all educatrs believe that a challenging situatin”可知，应是bring ut意为“使表现出”符合语境，根据前文的believe可知用一般现在时，主语是a challenging situatin，为第三人称单数。故填brings ut。
⑥考查动词短语。句意：尽管挑战很艰巨，他还是决心接受挑战。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：be determined t d意为“决心去做”，所以空处应填不定式，根据后文“the challenge even thugh it was very tugh.”，应是rise t，构成固定搭配：rise t the challenge意为“应对挑战”符合语境。故填t rise t。
⑦考查动词短语。句意：虽然我们住在城里，但我父亲从未忘记他作为一个爱尔兰农场男孩的青春。分析句子结构可知，本句主句缺少谓语动词，根据“Althugh we lived in the city, my father never”科智能，应是let g f意为“舍弃”符合语境，根据lived可知用一般过去时。故填let g f。
⑧考查动词短语。句意：个人的力量是很小的，但是你可以很容易地做一些事情来影响你的社区。分析句子结构，根据句意可知，空处应填不定式表目的，根据“Individual pwer is small, but yu can d several things”可知，应是make a difference意为“有影响”符合语境。故填t make a difference。
⑨考查介词短语。句意：失去了心爱的海滩和无尽的蓝天，我感到茫然和格格不入。分析句子结构可知，空处应和后文的ut f place并列，所以应是at a lss意为“不知所措”符合语境。故填at a lss。
⑩考查动词短语。句意：友谊有双重好处——快乐有更大的意义，分担的烦恼减半。分析句子结构可知，举止那个缺少谓语动词和后文的becmes并列，根据后文“a greater meaning and a truble shared becmes a truble halved.”，应是take n意为“承担”符合语境，根据becmes可知用第三人称单数形式。故填takes n。
35、答案：
Dear Mike,
Srry t hear that yu are upset due t fast pace f schl life and great pressure f study. Dn’t wrry, as yu are nt alne. Try the fllwing tips t see if they can help.
Firstly, talk with yur parents and teachers abut difficulties yu are ging thrugh. I believe they can prvide useful advice fr yu. Additinally, hld a psitive attitude twards exams. Remember, they are just a way t help yu evaluate what yu have learnt recently. Last but nt least, instead f pushing yurself t much, yu’d better set small gals based n yur abilities and stick t them.
Hpe my suggestins will be f use t yu.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
解析：本篇是应用文写作。你的笔友Mike向你求助，进入高中后他感觉生活学习节奏加快，考试压力增大，学习缺乏目标，为此他很苦恼。要求考生给他写一封回信，表示理解和安慰并提供建议。
1. 词汇积累
建议：tip→advice
首先：firstly→t begin with
提供：prvide→ffer
另外：additinally→what’s mre
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last but nt least, instead f pushing yurself t much, yu’d better set small gals based n yur abilities and stick t them.
拓展句：Last but nt least, instead f pushing yurself t much, it wuld be better if yu set small gals based n yur abilities and stick t them.
[高分句型1]Srry t hear that yu are upset due t fast pace f schl life and great pressure f study.(that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]Firstly, talk with yur parents and teachers abut difficulties yu are ging thrugh.(省略that或者which的定语从句)
cntribute t make a difference sht up at a lss bring ut
make the mst f get int shape take n rise t let g f