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2022-2023学年上海市杨浦区高三上学期期中英语试题及答案
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这是一份2022-2023学年上海市杨浦区高三上学期期中英语试题及答案，共38页。试卷主要包含了 【此处可播放相关音频】等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2. 本次考试设试卷 和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 务必在答题纸 上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
Ⅰ. Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. Al the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. A restaurant.B. A pet shp.C. A parking garage.D. A park.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: The restaurant is next t the pet shp.
M: I knw. If we can’t find a place t park, we might miss ur dinner reservatin.
Q: What are the tw speakers prbably lking fr?
2. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. She has fixed the cmputer.B. She has replaced the mnitr.
C. She has remved the muse.D. She has given a cmputer lessn.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: That shuld d it! All thse viruses have been remved. N wnder yu culdn’t perate yur cmputer prperly.
M: I culdn’t tell what was wrng with it. I had thught it was the muse r the mnitr.
Q: What has the wman just dne?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. She did it ut f passin.
B. She did it ut f necessity.
C. She wanted t becme a fashin designer.
D. She was a successful businesswman.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Yu are a successful fashin designer nw. What made yu think f designing yur wn clthes in the first place?
W: Well, as yu can see, I’m very tall and I culdn’t find clthes that fit me in the rdinary shps.
Q: Why did the wman think f designing her wn clthes?
4. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. Manager and clerk.B. Teacher and student.
C. Saleswman and custmer.D. Official and citizen.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Alex! I’m just ging thrugh the reprt and I have a questin. That figure yu’ve gt fr 2019, are yu sure it’s crrect?
M: Let me check. I’m just pening the file. Em, I think I’ll need t lk back int it. Can I get back t yu later tday?
Q: What is the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
5. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. He will be t nervus t make his pint.
B. He will get up the curage t ask Rite ut.
C. If he fails t ask Rita ut, he will live in fear.
D. If he asks Rita ut, he will definitely be rejected.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Yu shuld definitely ask Rita ut. Smetimes it’s better t live life withut regrets.
M: Yu have gt a gd pint. I need t get ver my fear f rejectin.
Q: What des the man mean?
6. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. Jenny didn’t pick up the package.
B. Jenny missed the last bus hme.
C. Jenny ran int her friend in the pst ffice.
D. Jenny regretted having chatted with her friend.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Jenny, did yu pick up the package frm the pst ffice?
W: Oh, n. I was n my way there when I ran int my friend, Betty. I chatted with her until her bus arrived, and then I frgt all abut the package.
Q: What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
7. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. Calm.B. Nervus.C. Angry.D. Cnfused.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Lisa, calm dwn. What’s ging n?
W: I have just finished a presentatin with Gary. First, he was late. Secnd, he left the file in his drm. He really drve me crazy.
Q: Hw des Lisa feel?
8. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. He will spend mre time searching fr a present.
B. His present is surely better than the wman’s.
C. The wman is knwn fr being cmpetitive.
D. The wman shuld nt attend Rb’s birthday party.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I need t try t find smething fr Rb’s birthday that’s even better than yur present!
M: Yu’re cmpetitive, but I dubt yu’ll find smething better!
Q: What des the man imply?
9. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. She has frgtten the address f the dry cleaner nearby.
B. She has gt used t cleaning and irning the clthes herself.
C. She thinks dry cleaning csts t much mney and time.
D. She thinks dry cleaning ruins the fabrics f the clthes.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Why are yu irning ur clthes? I thught yu were ging t send them t the dry cleaner frm nw n. Prfessinal dry cleaning preserves clthes better.
W: I knw I shuld. Dry cleaning isn’t that expensive, and it really saves a lt f time. I guess ld habits die hard.
Q: Why desn’t the wman send the clthes t the dry cleaner?
10. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. Their hme was brken int lately.B. Their hme alarm system is brken.
C. A vilent strm is appraching.D. Their hme is securely lcked.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】W: Make sure yu lck the frnt and back drs securely tnight.
M: I already did. I lcked the windws t. If smene tries t enter, the alarm will g ff. Q: What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the passages and the cnversatin. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频】
11.
A. On August 18, 2021.B. On December 15th, 2021.
C. On January 20th, 2022.D. On December 14th, 2021.
12.
A. She flew day and night t break the recrd.
B. Her favurite part f the jurney was acrss Siberia.
C. She thught abut nthing else but flying during the jurney.
D. Bad weather alng the way frced her t land in Taipei.
13.
A. T majr in electrical engineering.
B. T hnr the traditin f her family.
C. T encurage girls t becme STEM teachers.
D. T inspire girls t pursue their flying dreams.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. D
【解析】
【原文】Teenager pilt Zara Rutherfrd has becme the yungest wman t fly sl arund the wrld. The 19-year-ld set ff frm Belgium n August 18, 2021 and landed back there n 20 January. Her jurney tk her acrss five cntinents in five mnths in an ultralight plane.
Unable t fly at night r in cluds, Rutherfrd was ften racing against time and the weather. T vercme her fears, she fcused n flying. “It’s abut living in the present,” she said. The scariest part f the jurney was flying acrss Siberia, where temperatures can ften reach -50°C in winter. It was beautiful but frightening. She als met lts f great and friendly peple alng the way. Surprisingly, ne f her stps in Asia was Taipei City. Rutherfrd landed at Sngshan Airprt n December 14. She stayed fr ne night befre flying ut the next day.
Rutherfrd, wh went t schl in Winchester, England, cmes frm a family f pilts and gt her flying licence at 17. “It’s a dream I’ve had my entire life, t fly in a plane arund the wrld,” she said. The previus yungest wman t fly arund the wrld sl was American Shaesta Waiz, wh was 30.
Rutherfrd nw plans t g t university t study electrical engineering. She said that the purpse f taking up the challenge was t encurage ther girls t becme pilts and study STEM subjects, which are science, technlgy, engineering and maths.
Questins:
11. When did Rutherfrd leave Taipei after a temprary stp there?
12. What can be learned abut her flight?
13. Why did she take up the challenge f flying sl arund the wrld?
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频】
14.
A. The adventure f a rbt n a deserted island.
B. A rbt’s reunin with its lng lst friends.
C. The rich animal wrld thrugh the eyes f a rbt.
D. The escape stry f a rbt frm a deserted island.
15.
A. She is brken and damaged in the accident.
B. She is brught back t life by a grup f sea lins.
C. She is frightened at the sight f island animals.
D. She is delivered t the island as an experiment subject.
16.
A. They fight fr limited resurces.
B. They speak each ther’s language.
C. Rz and the island animals trust each ther.
D. Rz feeds animals with advanced prgramming.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】The Wild Rbt is a nvel fr yung readers that was written by Peter Brwn. It tells the stry f Rz, a rbt that learns t live amng the animals n a deserted island.
Rz is manufactured as ne f five hundred identical rbts. When their carg ship is wrecked at sea, she is the nly ne t survive. All the ther rbts are brken r lst in the accident. Rz washes up n the shre f an island, where she is fund by a grup f sea lins. The sea lins accidentally push her activatin buttn, and Rz wakes up. The creatures are frightened, and they run away. Rz is left alne t discver her new hme.
During the time Rz lives n the island, she learns t imitate the animals. She studies their language, gains their trust, and seeks their advice fr survival. This prvides an interesting lk at what might happen when technlgy and nature are in cntact with each ther. The bk is dedicated t all the rbts f the future, and it makes us wnder if rbts like Rz culd ever find a place t belng in ur wrld.
Questins:
14. What is the nvel the Wild Rbt abut? (A)
15. What can we learn abut Rz, the rbt? (B)
16. Hw des Rz get alng with the island animals? (C)
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频】
17. A. Prfitable.B. Imprving.C. Favrable.D. Mney-lsing.
18.
A. Lk fr new ingredient suppliers.
B. Lwer the salary f full-time wrkers.
C. Offer fewer dishes n the menu.
D. Switch t lwer quality prducts.
19.
A. She will agree with the man’s decisin.
B. She will clse the business fr gd.
C. She will crss the bridge t avid it.
D. She will try t figure ut ways t deal with it.
20.
A. Updating the menu t imprve fd quality.
B. Reducing cst f running the restaurant.
C. Attracting mre custmers t the restaurant.
D. Expanding business t bring in mre prfits.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【原文】W: S are we still making a prfit?
M: Fr the time being, yes. Overall, the ecnmy is imprving, but nw the cst f ingredients is rising. If we dn’t get mre custmers sn, we may need t start cutting csts ver the next few weeks.
W: That’s what I was thinking. But frankly, I dn’t want t reduce the quality f ur fd. M: But if we dn’t switch ingredients, then we nly have tw ther ptins.
W: What are the tw ptins?
M: Well, in the shrt term, we can save mney by cutting items frm ur menu. Recently, the sandwiches and steaks haven’t been selling very well.
W: I can prbably guess what the ther ptin wuld be. M: Yeah. In the lng run we can’t keep all f ur staff.
W: I’m nt ging t let that happen. I’ve made up my mind. M: OK, bss. What shuld we d?
W: We’ll cut csts in the shrt term by limiting ur menu. I want yu t talk with ur chefs and cut ut at least ne-third f ur menu items.
M: It’s a gd thing that I haven’t placed an rder fr ingredients.
W: Gd. Sme f ur suppliers might be let dwn, but I’d rather ffer fewer high quality dishes than a full menu f lwer quality prducts.
M: I agree with that decisin. But what abut ur staff and the payrll?
W: Right nw, we still have time t bst business. Furthermre, we have a great team. I dn’t want t sacrifice that just t save a few dllars.
M: That’s a respectable decisin. Hwever, if business desn't imprve in the next mnth r tw, we wn’t have a chice.
W: I understand that the situatin isn’t favrable. But, we will crss that bridge when we cme t it.
Questins:
17. Hw is the current state f business?
18. What has the wman decided t d?
19. What will the wman d if business desn’t imprve?
20. What are the tw speakers mainly talking abut?
Ⅱ. Grammar and vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t1 make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Fancy a Snack? Have Sme Ptat Chips
There are a cuple f tales abut the rigins f ptat chips. The first is credited t Gerge Crum, ____21____ in 1853 was cking in a restaurant, Mn’s Lake Huse. A custmer requested Crum’s famus fried ptates. Hwever, when the dish ____22____ (serve), the custmer fund the ptates t thick fr his liking. Crum sliced them thinner, but still they weren’t thin enugh fr the guest. The dish was sent back and frth several times. ____23____ (anger), Crum eventually cut the ptates paper-thin, deep-fried them, and spread a lt f salt n them. His idea was ____24____ (make) the ptates uneatable, but instead he invented a tasty treat cmpletely by accident.
Hwever, there is a recipe that came ut befre Crum’s inventin. An 1822 ckbk The Ck’s Secrets ____25____ William Kitchiner, utlines hw t make “Ptates Fried in Slices”. It calls fr cutting ptates int thin slices and frying them in il. There are tw ther similar recipes frm 1824 and 1832, ____26____ f which mentin Kitchiner.
Then there is the great fried vs baked debate. Fried ptat chips cntain a lt mre il and fat. Baked chips, hwever, are cked in an ven r air fryer rather than being fried in il. S, they’re cnsidered the ____27____ (healthy) ptin. Tday, a lt f health-cnscius chip manufacturers lve t say their chips are baked, nt fried, t appeal t peple wh are cncerned abut ____28____healthy their fd is.
Speaking f health-cnscius peple, they prbably want t stay away frm “Ryce” chips, which are chips ____29____ (dip) in chclate. The mix f salty and sweet is t die fr, but far frm healthy. ____30____ kind f flavr yu prefer, there’s definitely a chip smewhere ut there that has yur name n it.
【答案】21. wh
22. was served
23. Angered
24. t make
25. by 26. bth
27. healthier
28. hw 29. dipped
30. N matter what
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了薯片的来历以及后来的发展。
【21题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：第一个要归功于Gerge Crum，1853年，他在一家名为“月亮湖屋”的餐厅里做饭。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的Gerge Crum，指代人。故填wh。
【22题详解】
考查动词。句意：然而，当菜端上来的时候，顾客发现土豆太厚了，他不喜欢。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处描述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。同时the dish与serve之间是被动关系，意为“菜被端上来”，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was served。
【23题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：被激怒，Gerge Crum最终把土豆切得像纸一样薄，油炸，并在上面撒了很多盐。分析句子，句中cut为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。anger为动词，意为“使某人激怒”，此处表示Gerge Crum是被激怒的，故使用过去分词作状语，即angered。同时设空处置于句首，首字母要大写。故填Angered。
【24题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他的想法是让土豆不能吃，但他完全是偶然地发明了一种美味的食物。句中be t d为固定短语，意为“去做某事”，不定式结构作表语。故填t make。
【25题详解】
考查介词。句意：William Kitchiner在1822年出版的烹饪书《厨师的秘密》中概述了如何制作“炸土豆片”。分析句子，设空处使用介词与后文的William Kitchiner构成介词短语。表示“被，由”的介词用by。故填by。
【26题详解】
考查代词。句意：1824年和1832年还有两份类似的食谱，都提到了Kitchiner。句中指代的前文的tw ther similar recipes，指代两者都，故用代词bth。故填bth。
【27题详解】
考查形容词。句意：因此，它们被认为是更健康的选择。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰ptin。此处表示“更加健康的”故用形容词的比较级。故填healthier。
【28题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：如今，许多注重健康的薯片制造商喜欢说他们的薯片是烘焙的，而不是油炸的，以吸引那些关心他们的食物多么健康的人。分析句子，设空处置于介词abut之后，应该使用宾语从句。根据句意，此处表示“多么”用hw。故选hw。
【29题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：说到注重健康的人，他们可能想远离“罗伊斯”薯片，这是蘸了巧克力的薯片。分析句子，设空处应该使用非谓语动词，此处chips与dip之间是被动关系。故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填dipped。
【30题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：不管你喜欢哪种口味的薯条，肯定会在某个地方有你的名字。分析句子，设空处引导的是让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”用n matter what。同时该空置于句首，首字母要大写。故填N matter what。
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Why Yu Need t Fail
“Peter, I’d like yu t stay fr a minute after class.” Kevin teaches my favrite bdy cnditining class at the gym.
“What’d I d?” I asked him.
“It’s what yu didn’t d.”
“What didn’t I d?”
“Fail.”
“Yu kept me after class fr nt ____31____?”
“This.” he said while imitating my ____32____ weight lifting style using weights that were bviusly t light, “it’s nt ging t get yu anywhere. A muscle nly grws if yu wrk it till it fails. Yu need t use mre ____33____ weights. Yu need t fail.” Kevin is nt smething.
Every time I ask a rmfull f executives t ____34____ the tp five mments when their career tk a leap frward, failure is always n the list. Fr sme, it was the lss f a jb. Fr thers, it was a prject that had gne bad. And fr thers still it was the failure f a larger system like an ecnmic ____35____ that required them t step up.
Yet mst f us spend a tremendus effrt trying t avid even the ____36____ f failure. Accrding t dctr Carl Dweck, we have a mindset prblem. If yu believe that yur talents are ____37____ r fixed, then yu will try t avid failure at all csts because failure is prf f yur ____38____ Peple with a fixed mindset like t slve the same prblems ver and ver again. Students with fixed mindsets wuld rather nt learn new languages. CEOs with fixed mindsets wuld ____39____ themselves with peple wh agree with them. They feel smart when they get it right. But if yu believe yur talent grws with persistence and effrt, then yu seek failure as an pprtunity t imprve. Peple with grwth mindsets feel smart when they are learning, nt when they are ____40____.
If yu have a grwth mindset, then yu use yur failures t imprve. If yu have a fixed mindset, yu may never fail, but neither d yu learn r grw.
【答案】31. E 32. A
33. J 34. G
35. C 36. H
37. B 38. F
39. K 40. I
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了失败的重要性，说明了思维固定的人和成长型思维的人的区别。如果你有一个成长型的心态，那么你就会利用失败来提高自己。如果你有一个固定的心态，你可能永远不会失败，但你也不会学习或成长。
【31题详解】
考查动词。句意：“你因为我没挂科就把我留了下来？”此处表示“考试失败，不及格”，且作介词的宾语，应用failing。故填failing。故选E。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“这。他一边说，一边模仿我随意的举重方式，举重的重量显然太轻了，“这不会让你有任何效果。”修饰后文weight lifting style，结合句意表示“随意的”应用形容词casual，作定语。故填casual。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。句意：你需要使用更具挑战性的重量。修饰后文名词weights，结合句意表示“具挑战性的”应用形容词challenging，作定语。故填challenging。故选J。
【34题详解】
考查动词。句意：每当我让一屋子的高管列出他们职业生涯取得飞跃的五个最重要时刻时，失败总是列在清单上。结合句意表示“列出”可知应用动词list，且上文为短语ask sb. t d sth.。故填list。故选G。
【35题详解】
考查名词。句意：对其他人来说，这是一个更大的系统的失败，比如经济衰退，需要他们站出来。结合句意表示“衰退”应用名词dwnturn，不定冠词提示用单数。故填dwnturn。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，我们大多数人花费了巨大的努力，试图避免失败的可能性。作宾语，结合句意表示“可能性”应用名词pssibility，不可数。故填pssibility。故选H。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果你相信你的才能是天生的或固定的，那么你就会不惜一切代价避免失败，因为失败证明了你的局限性。结合句意表示“天生的”应用形容词inbrn，作表语。故填inbrn。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果你相信你的才能是天生的或固定的，那么你就会不惜一切代价避免失败，因为失败证明了你的局限性。作宾语，表示“局限性”应用名词limitatin。故填limitatin。故选F。
【39题详解】
考查动词。句意：思维定式的首席执行官们会让与自己意见一致的人围绕在身边。结合句意表示“围绕”应用动词surrund，且wuld后跟动词原形。故填surrund。故选K。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：拥有成长型思维模式的人在学习的时候会觉得自己很聪明，而不是在没有缺点的时候。作表语，结合句意表示“没有缺点的”应用形容词faultless。故填faultless。故选I。
Ⅲ. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Suthern lng-finned pilt whales are marine mammals with a lt t say—and they may use vcalizatins (发声) t utsmart a deadly enemy.
Cetaceans (鲸类动物) such as whales and dlphins cmmunicate thrugh sund t find fd and mates, t navigate and t interact scially. Their vcalizatins ____41____ between species and within cmmunities. The animals can mimic (模仿) artificial nise such as snar, but nbdy had previusly recrded them ____42____ ther cetaceans’ sunds. A new study, hwever, fund verlap in the cetacean sund bk.
Researchers listened t 2,028 vcalizatins f lng-finned pilt whales ff the cast f Australia, the first time sunds frm the species in this regin have been ____43____ described. They were surprised t hear 19 instances f vcalizatins that resembled thse f rcas—the whales’ ceanic ____44____. “We fund sme calls that are, t the human ear, ____45____ t the killer whale calls in the same area,” says Christine Erbe, an expert in Marine Science and Technlgy.
Pilt whales and rcas, the tw largest species f cetaceans, are ften seen in the same ____46____ and are similar sizes, and bth live in scial grups. Orcas cmpete fr fd with lng-finned pilt whales and are ____47____ their predatrs (猎食者) .
____48____ frm rca stmachs shws they d ccasinally eat pilt whales. But pilt whales can mb and chase rcas away, the nly cetaceans seen ____49____ themselves frm their predatr in this way.
Mimicry culd serve as an _____50_____ defense: “One thery is that if they use similar sunds, they may nt be recgnized as prey,” Erbe says. Pilt whales hunting r eating rcas’ fd remainders might g _____51_____ if they use rca-like calls. “This is all underwater, where light travels really prly,” she adds. “S these animals _____52_____ sund fr detecting their prey and predatrs and fr navigating.” Lng-finned pilt whales have shwn an ability t _____53_____ between rca calls with different meanings.
Additinal wrk wuld _____54_____ whether mimicry is actually ccurring. Researchers culd pair their listening data with direct bservatins f the animals’ interactins in the wild r perhaps even play rca sunds and watch the whales’ _____55_____.
41. A. rangeB. varyC. riseD. drp
42. A. distractingB. separatingC. frecastingD. matching
43. A. criticallyB. cnsideratelyC. cnvenientlyD. cmprehensively
44. A. partnersB. speciesC. enemiesD. mates
45. A. identicalB. respnsiveC. cntraryD. inferir
46. A. bundariesB. scietiesC. envirnmentsD. facilities
47. A. initiallyB. eventuallyC. ptentiallyD. accidentally
48. A. MtinB. EmissinC. CnclusinD. Evidence
49. A. splittingB. defendingC. dismissingD. preventing
50. A. accessibleB. additinalC. accurateD. adequate
51. A. unnticedB. uninterestedC. untuchedD. unarmed
52. A. apply tB. turn upC. rely nD. put ut
53. A. pursueB. distinguishC. demnstrateD. struggle
54. A. claimB. calculateC. cnfirmD. clarify
55. A. reflectinsB. receptinsC. relatinsD. reactins
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究，说明南方长鳍领航鲸可能会用发声来战胜致命的敌人。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们的叫声因物种和群落而异。A. range排列；B. vary变化；C. rise上升；D. drp掉落。根据常识和前文“cmmunicate thrugh sund t find fd and mates, t navigate and t interact scially(通过声音交流，寻找食物和伴侣，导航和社交)”可知，它们的叫声因物种和群落而异。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些动物可以模仿声纳等人工噪音，但此前没有人记录到它们与其他鲸类动物的声音相匹配。A. distracting分散（思想），转移（注意力）B. separating分离；C. frecasting预报；D. matching匹配。根据后文“A new study, hwever, fund verlap in the cetacean sund bk.(然而，一项新的研究发现鲸类动物的声音书中有重叠)”可知，此处指它们的声音相匹配。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：研究人员在澳大利亚海岸聆听了2028种长鳍领航鲸声音，这是该地区首次对该物种的声音进行全面描述。A. critically批判地；B. cnsiderately体贴地；C. cnveniently方便地；D. cmprehensively完全地。全面地。根据前文“Researchers listened t 2,028 vcalizatins f lng-finned pilt whales”及“the first time”，并结合选项可知，他们对这些声音进行了全面的描述。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们惊讶地听到了19个类似鲸鱼的海洋敌人——虎鲸的声音。A. partners搭档；B. species物种；C. enemies敌人；D. mates伙伴，配偶。根据前文“they may use vcalizatins (发声) t utsmart a deadly enemy(它们可能会用发声来击败致命的敌人)”和后文“Orcas cmpete fr fd with lng-finned pilt whales and are ____7____ their predatrs (猎食者) .(虎鲸与长鳍领航鲸争夺食物，是它们潜在的捕食者)”可知，虎鲸被视为其它鲸鱼的敌人。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：海洋科学与技术专家Christine Erbe说：“我们发现，在同一区域，人类听到的一些叫声与虎鲸的叫声完全相同。”A. identical完全相同的；B. respnsive反应敏捷的；C. cntrary相反的；D. inferir较差的。根据前文“A new study, hwever, fund verlap in the cetacean sund bk.(然而，一项新的研究发现鲸类动物的声音书中有重叠)”可知，长鳍领航鲸的某些声音和虎鲸的声音完全相同。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：领航鲸和虎鲸是两种最大的鲸类动物，它们经常在相同的环境中出现，体型相似，都生活在社会群体中。A. bundaries边界；B. scieties社会；C. envirnments环境；D. facilities设施。根据后文“bth live in scial grups”可知，它们经常在相同的环境中出现。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：虎鲸与长鳍领航鲸争夺食物，是它们潜在的捕食者。A. initially最初地；B. eventually最终地；C. ptentially潜在地；D. accidentally偶然地。根据前文“a deadly enemy”及“similar sizes, and bth live in scial grups”和“Orcas cmpete fr fd with lng-finned pilt whales”可知，虎鲸和领航鲸相类似，又相互争夺食物，所以是领航鲸潜在的捕食者。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虎鲸胃里的证据表明它们偶尔会吃领航鲸。A. Mtin运动；B. Emissin排放；C. Cnclusin结论；D. Evidence证据。根据后文“frm rca stmachs”及“shws they d ccasinally eat pilt whales”可知，虎鲸胃里的食物就是它们吃领航鲸的证据。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但领航鲸可以围攻虎鲸并将其赶走，这是唯一一种以这种方式保护自己免受捕食者攻击的鲸类动物。A. splitting溢出，泼出；B. defending保卫；C. dismissing摒弃；D. preventing防止。根据前文“pilt whales can mb and chase rcas away”可知，领航鲸以这种方式保护自己。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：模仿行为可以作为一种额外的防御：“一种理论是，如果它们使用相似的声音，它们可能不会被认出是猎物，”Erbe说。A. accessible可到达的；B. additinal附加的，额外的；C. accurate精确的；D. adequate足够的。根据常识和后文“if they use similar sunds, they may nt be recgnized as prey”可知，模仿行为可以作为一种额外补充的防御措施。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：领航鲸捕食或食用虎鲸的食物残渣，如果它们发出类似虎鲸的叫声，可能不会被注意到。A. unnticed未注意到的；B. uninterested不感兴趣的；C. untuched未受影响的，未触动的；D. unarmed无武装的。根据语境和后文“if they use rca-like calls”可知，因为和虎鲸的叫声相同，所以在吃它们的食物残渣时，就不会被注意到。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以这些动物依靠声音来探测猎物和捕食者，并进行导航。A. apply t适用于；B. turn up调大；C. rely n依赖；D. put ut扑灭。根据前文“where light travels really prly(光线传播非常差)”和后文“sund fr detecting their prey and predatrs and fr navigating”可知，因为水底光线弱，所以依靠声音来行动。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：长鳍领航鲸显示出一种辨别虎鲸不同含义叫声的能力。A. pursue追求；B. distinguish区分，辨别；C. demnstrate证实，证明；D. struggle挣扎，奋斗。根据语境和后文“between rca calls with different meanings”可知，是一种辨别不同含义叫声的能力。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：进一步的研究将证实模仿行为是否真的发生了。A. claim宣称；B. calculate核算；C. cnfirm证实；D. clarify澄清。根据后文“whether mimicry is actually ccurring”可知，研究将证实模仿行为否真的发生。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员可以将他们的听力数据与野生动物互动的直接观察相结合，甚至可以播放虎鲸的声音，观察鲸鱼的反应。A. reflectins反射；B. receptins接待；C. relatins关系；D. reactins反应。根据前文“Researchers culd pair their listening data with direct bservatins f the animals’ interactins in the wild r perhaps even play rca sunds”可知，研究人员做了以上实验后，观察鲸鱼的反应。故选D项。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
I was 12 years ld when my life changed frever. It was just befre the end f the schl day, and my teacher tld me that my mum had asked me t g hme immediately. There was a plice car in the driveway, and I heard the sund f my sister crying in the living rm. My mum tk me upstairs and tld me that my dad had died. I remember crying like frever.
Then my uncle sat me dwn and tld me what had happened. I remember thinking Dad must have been in an accident in his car — he had a sprty red ne, and I thught he must have crashed. S it was shcking t learn he had been murdered — especially when I then discvered that he had been trying t help smene. Our cleaner had been ging thrugh a difficult break-up with her husband, and had her pst delivered t ur huse s her partner culdn’t seize it. Dad had taken her mail rund t her, but her partner saw him, stle a knife, went t the huse and stabbed my dad thrugh the heart, which killed him instantly.
It tk me a very lng time t be able t get t a place where I culd remember the happy times with my dad. It’s as if yur brain wn’t let yu remember, because it’s t painful. Even 30 years n, it can be a challenge. It’s like a cping surviving mechanism and I still wrk thrugh it tday — but that’s life living with srrw.
During the past few years I’ve fund that talking and writing has been a big help. It’s helped me acknwledge what happened, and has made me see these feelings are cmpletely nrmal. Actually fr many years, I used t questin why I was still feeling this way, but yu cme t realize there is n set pattern t srrw. It’s nt a quick-fix prcess; it’s nt even a fixable prcess. It’s smething yu have t live with, and yu take cmfrt wherever yu can find it.
Fr smene wh has just gne thrugh an unbearable lss, please take it easy n yurself. I’m nt sure whether time is a healer, but it will shw yu hw t live with these feelings yu’re experiencing. And thrugh yur wn unique jurney, yu’ll get t the pint f understanding yurself that little bit better.
56. What can we learn abut the death f the writer’s father?
A. He died a slw and painful death.
B. He was killed in a car crash.
C He suffered frm a heart attack.
D. He was cruelly murdered.
57. The writer initially managed the pain f lsing his father by ________.
A. remembering every happy mment spent with his father
B. blcking memries related t his father
C. seeking a fixed pattern t vercme srrw
D. ging t the dctr fr cnsultatin
58. What will the writer prbably say t the wman wh lst her belved husband 4 years ag?
A. With time passing by, yu are sure t recver frm the pain.
B. Talking and writing abut lss is a quick-fix prcess fr yu.
C. Whatever feeling yu have gne thrugh is natural and nrmal.
D. If yu are sill in a dark place, travelling may be a gd idea.
59. The article is written t ________.
A. share a heartbreaking persnal stry
B. hnr the memry f the writer’s father
C. highlight the need fr persnal safety
D. guide thers hw t face lss
【答案】56. D 57. B 58. C 59. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在作者12岁的时候，父亲被谋杀了。从此，他一直带着悲伤生活。他发现悲伤并没有固定的模式，这不是一个快速解决的过程；这甚至不是一个可以修复的过程。他想告诉那些刚刚经历了难以承受的失亲之痛的人，要放松自己。他并不确定时间是否是一个治愈者，但它会告诉你如何与你正在经历的这些感受一起生活。通过你自己独特的旅程，你会更好地理解自己。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Dad had taken her mail rund t her, but her partner saw him, stle a knife, went t the huse and stabbed my dad thrugh the heart, which killed him instantly. (爸爸把她的信给了她，但她的伴侣看到了他，偷了一把刀，跑到家里刺穿了爸爸的心脏，他当场就死了)”可知，作者的父亲被残忍地杀害了。故选D。
【57题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It tk me a very lng time t be able t get t a place where I culd remember the happy times with my dad. It’s as if yur brain wn’t let yu remember, because it’s t painful. (我花了很长时间才能够回忆起和爸爸在一起的快乐时光。就好像你的大脑不让你记起来，因为太痛苦了)”可推知，作者最初通过屏蔽与父亲有关的记忆来控制失去父亲的痛苦。故选B。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“During the past few years I’ve fund that talking and writing has been a big help. It’s helped me acknwledge what happened, and has made me see these feelings are cmpletely nrmal. (在过去的几年里，我发现交谈和写作对我有很大的帮助。它帮助我承认发生了什么，让我看到这些感觉是完全正常的)”及最后一段中的“Fr smene wh has just gne thrugh an unbearable lss, please take it easy n yurself. I’m nt sure whether time is a healer, but it will shw yu hw t live with these feelings yu’re experiencing. (对于那些刚刚经历了难以承受的失亲之痛的人，请放松自己。我不确定时间是否是一个治愈者，但它会告诉你如何与你正在经历的这些感受一起生活)”可推知，作者可能会对四年前失去挚爱丈夫的女人说：无论你经历了什么感觉都是自然和正常的。故选C。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。根据作者对自己亲身经历的陈述及最后一段中的“Fr smene wh has just gne thrugh an unbearable lss, please take it easy n yurself. I’m nt sure whether time is a healer, but it will shw yu hw t live with these feelings yu’re experiencing. (对于那些刚刚经历了难以承受的失亲之痛的人，请放松自己。我不确定时间是否是一个治愈者，但它会告诉你如何与你正在经历的这些感受一起生活)”可推知，作者写这篇文章是为了指导别人如何面对失去亲人的痛苦。故选D。
(B)
60. Which f the fllwing descriptins is TRUE abut the tw-week plan?
A. Every fur days the exercise intensity increases.
B. Yga is highly recmmended as a warming-up.
C. There is a sudden increase in walking duratin and speed.
D. Intervals are included in the tw-week walking rutines.
61. Jenny weighs abut 65kg, and if she walks all an average pace fr abut 65 minutes, her calrie burn shuld be abut ________.
A. 280B. 250C. 310D. 190
62. The purpse f the pster is t ________.
A. attract mre peple t subscribe t the training prgram
B. shw hw t up walking intensity within a shrt perid f time
C. explain the relatin between the number f steps and physical fitness
D. call n health-cnscius peple t make walking a habit
【答案】60. D 61. A 62. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了名为TWO-WEEK PLAN行走计划的内容。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据DAY AIM部分中第一天内容“This is yur starting pint. Here, we’re intrducing yur bdy t interval-based walking training.(这是你的起点，在这里我们将会使你的身体尝试基于间隔的步行训练。)”可知，在为期两周的步行训练中包括间隔的步行训练。故选D。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据图片中WALKING SPEED AND CALORIE BURN(per hur)中“3mph-260 calrie(3英里- 260卡路里)”可知，以3英里每小时的平均速度行走每小时消耗260卡路里。题干中Jenny行走大概65分钟，故她消耗的卡路里在稍微多余260卡路里，故推断为280卡路里。故选A。
【62题详解】
推理判断题。通过阅读全文，文章是一则海报，介绍了名为TWO-WEEK PLAN行走计划的内容以及给身体带来的好处。故其目的是详细告知人们在短短的两周内如何从稳定的行走到快步走再到极速走的实现，介绍了每天的行走时间安排，由此来提高行走的强度。故选B。
(C)
The wrld’s frests may hld mre secrets than previusly thught: a new glbal estimate f tree bidiversity suggests that there are abut 9,200 tree species yet t be dcumented. Mst are likely in the trpics, accrding t the new research.
The new research drew n the effrts f hundreds f cntributrs, wh have categrized trees in tw huge data sets: One, the Glbal Frest Bidiversity Initiative, recrds every species fund in extensively dcumented frest plts wrldwide. The ther, TREECHANGE, puts tgether sightings f individual species. Tgether they suggest there are apprximately 64,100 recrded tree species n the planet — up frm previus estimates f arund 60,000.
The researchers reached their estimate f an additinal 9,200 yet undcumented species n the basis f the number f rare nes already in the databases. Mst unknwn species are likely t be defined as rare, fund in limited numbers in small gegraphical areas, says the quantitative frest eclgist Jingjing Liang. The team’s result is “a rather cnservative estimate,” Liang says, “because scientists knw less abut the prepnderance f uncmmn trees in places such as the Amazn, where ut-f-the-way spts culd hst pckets f unusual species fund nwhere else.” “If we can fcus the resurces n thse rain frests in the Amazn,” Liang adds, “then we wuld be able t estimate it with higher cnfidence.”
Silman, a cnservatin bilgist, wh was nt invlved in the new study agrees that the study result is likely an underestimate. His and his clleagues’ lcal surveys suggest there are at least 3,000 and pssibly mre than 6,000 unknwn tree species in the Amazn basin alne. Tree species ften get gruped tgether based n appearance, he ntes, s new genetic analysis techniques will likely lead t the discvery f even mre bidiversity. Sliman wnders hw many species will g extinct befre scientists describe them. “Hw many are already knwn t native peples in the Amazn — r were knwn t peples r cultures wh have themselves been made extinct thrugh clnizatin, disease, r absrptin? Hw many “species” already have dried samples sitting in a cabinet?” he says.
Searching fr the new species will infrm nt nly cnservatin but the basic evlutinary science f hw and why species diversify and die ut, Silman says. “Just the fact that there are thusands f species f smething as cmmn as trees ut there that are still left t be discvered,” he adds, “I find pretty inspiratinal.”
63. What is the finding f the new research?
A. Maintaining tree diversity has becme a glbal challenge.
B. Abut nine thusand new tree species have been identified.
C. Thusands f tree species remain unknwn t science.
D. Human activates have led 1 the reduced number f trees.
64. What can be learned abut the research methd?
A. The researchers adpted quality methd t analyze data.
B. The researchers did extensive field study in ut-f-the-way spts.
C. Ding surveys and interviews is the main research methd.
D. Inferring frm the existing dada is the main research methd.
65. The underlined wrd “prepnderane” in paragraph 3 is clsest in meaning t ________.
A. majrityB. duratinC. cultivatinD. capacity
66. Accrding t Silman, ne f the reasns fr the underestimate f the tree species may be that ________.
A. genetic analysis technique failed t prduce accurate infrmatin
B. peples wh had specific knwledge abut rare trees became extinct
C. trees f similar sizes in the Amazn basin are gruped tgether
D. t many rare trees were made int dried samples befre being dcumented
【答案】63. C 64. D 65. A 66. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，该研究通过已有数据分析的方法，指出：当前成千上万的树种仍不为科学所知。同时，Sliman一名保护生物学家，却对此项研究的结论提出不同的看法。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The wrld’s frests may hld mre secrets than previusly thught: a new glbal estimate f tree bidiversity suggests that there are abut 9,200 tree species yet t be dcumented. Mst are likely in the trpics, accrding t the new research.(世界上的森林可能拥有比以前想象的更多的秘密：一项新的全球树木生物多样性估计表明，约有9200种树木尚未被记录在案。根据这项新研究，大部分可能在热带地区。)”可知，该项新研究指出成千上万的树种仍不为科学所知。故选C。
【64题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The new research drew n the effrts f hundreds f cntributrs, wh have categrized trees in tw huge data sets.(这项新研究利用了数百名贡献者的努力，他们在两个巨大的数据集中对树木进行了分类。)”可知，该研究的主要方法是从已有的数据中推断。故选D。
【65题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的内容“ such as the Amazn, where ut-f-the-way spts culd hst pckets f unusual species fund nwhere else.(比如亚马逊，在那里偏僻的地方可能有一些其他地方没有的不寻常树种。)”可知，后文是通过举例子的方式说明前面的观点。即在亚马逊，有很多不同寻常的树种是科学家们所不熟悉的。由此猜测，划线词所在句子scientists knw less abut the prepnderance f uncmmn trees in places such as the Amazn意为“科学家们对亚马逊等地不常见树木的数量知之甚少”，划线词与majrity同义。故选A。
【66题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Sliman wnders hw many species will g extinct befre scientists describe them. “Hw many are already knwn t native peples in the Amazn — r were knwn t peples r cultures wh have themselves been made extinct thrugh clnizatin, disease, r absrptin? Hw many “species” already have dried samples sitting in a cabinet?” he says.( Sliman想知道有多少树种会在科学家描述它们之前灭绝。“已经有多少树种被亚马逊土著民族所熟知，或者有多少树种是被民族或文化所熟知，而这些民族或文化因殖民、疾病或同化而灭绝？”)”可知，Sliman认为该项研究是低估了未知树种的数量是因为有很多熟知数目的民族或文化因为殖民、疾病或同化而灭绝，即有很多对稀有树木有专门知识的人都灭绝了。故选B。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Quiet Pwer
Since 2011, peple arund the wrld have been celebrating Wrld Intrvert Day n January 2. The wrd intrvert describes a persnality type. ______67______ They are likely t feel drained by envirnments that are highly stimulating and may ften need t g t a quiet place t recharge.
Wrld Intrvert Day began with a blg pst frm German psychlgist Felicitas Heyne. She suggested that intrverts are ften misunderstd, and their mental health suffers because ppular culture is dminated by extrverts. Her idea was t celebrate Wrld Intrvert Day t raise awareness f the scial challenges that intrverts face. _____68_____
There are many famus intrverts in art and science, such as Albert Einstein. Charles Darwin, J.K. Rwling, and Lady Gaga. It is believed that many intrverts have a great ability t fcus and strng pwers f imaginatin. After the nisy New Year celebratins are ver, peple can set aside ne day fr sme quiet time by themselves r with sme intrverted friends. _____69_____
The ppsite f an intrvert is called an extrvert. Extrverts lve cnnecting with ther peple, wrk well in grups, and are usually very cnfident. When intrverts dn’t fit int grups f extrverts, they may be seen as cld, uninterested, r timid. Ppular culture tells us that it is imprtant t netwrk, scialize, and cmmunicate, but all f this can make intrverts feel uncmfrtable.
Scientists are studying what causes smene t be an intrvert r an extrvert. Recent studies shw that genes are a factr, and mst peple seem t be brn with ne persnality type r the ther. _____70_____ Our envirnment and experiences als influence whether we are intrverted r extrverted. The term ambivert describes smene wh is right in the middle. N matter what persnality type we have, we can always celebrate ur differences and learn frm each ther.
A. It wuld als celebrate the cntributins f intrverts thrughut histry.
B. The brain f an intrvert can respnd dramatically t a very mild stimulus.
C. Yu never knw what new ideas yu might find when yu slw dwn t enjy sme peace and quiet.
D. Intrverted peple are knwn t live with unique challenges and gift.
E. Intrverted peple dn't require a lt f scial cntact, and they enjy spending time alne.
F. Part f what makes us intrverted r extrverted is hw ur brains respnd t the wrld arund us.
【答案】67. E 68. A 69. C 70. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了内向者的特点，并探讨了导致内向和外向的原因，建议人们尊重内向者，赞美差异，并相互学习。
【67题详解】
上文“The wrd intrvert describes a persnality type. (内向这个词描述的是一种性格类型)”提出了内向是一种性格类型，选项E“内向的人不需要太多的社交，他们喜欢独处。”承接上文，具体介绍内向者的性格特点。故选E项。
【68题详解】
上文“Her idea was t celebrate Wrld Intrvert Day t raise awareness f the scial challenges that intrverts face. (她的想法是庆祝世界内向者日，以提高人们对内向者所面临的社会挑战的认识)”介绍她想庆祝内向者日来提高人们对内向者的认识，选项A“它还将庆祝内向者在历史上做出的贡献。”承接上文，继续介绍她的想法，庆祝内向者的贡献，也是为了提高人们对内向者的认识。故选A项。
【69题详解】
上文“After the nisy New Year celebratins are ver, peple can set aside ne day fr sme quiet time by themselves r with sme intrverted friends. (在喧闹的新年庆祝活动结束后，人们可以留出一天的时间，独处或与一些内向的朋友在一起)”建议人们独处或与内向朋友在一起，选项C“当你放慢脚步享受宁静时，你永远不知道你会发现什么新想法。”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系，因为独处或和内向朋友在一起，所以就会放慢脚步，享受宁静而产生新思想。故选C项。
【70题详解】
上文“Scientists are studying what causes smene t be an intrvert r an extrvert. Recent studies shw that genes are a factr, and mst peple seem t be brn with ne persnality type r the ther. (科学家们正在研究是什么导致一个人内向或外向。最近的研究表明，基因是一个因素，大多数人似乎天生就有一种或另一种性格类型)”提出是什么导致内向和外向性格，并介绍研究结果，选项F“我们内向或外向的部分原因是我们的大脑对周围世界的反应。”承接上文，总结研究结果，说明导致内向和外向的原因。故选F项。
Ⅳ. Summary Writing
71. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Fun Ways t Get a Mental Wrkut
Yur grandfather is sitting in the living rm wrking n a crsswrd puzzle n a Saturday mrning. He thinks these wrd puzzles are fun, but he als des them fr anther reasn — a mental wrkut.
The term “mental muscles” describes yur brain’s ability t accmplish certain tasks. Like the muscles in yur bdy, yur brain’s “muscles” need exercise. While yur brain wrks all the time, the wrk des nt necessarily exercise yur brain. In additin, smetimes yur brain just needs time t relax and play. It is believed that brain games, like crsswrd puzzles, make yur brain wrk while playing. They build yur cncentratin by making yu fcus n certain skills fr a lng time. Fr example, when ding a Sudku puzzle, yu fcus n rganizatin. Other games that may imprve brain pwer are jigsaw puzzles, mahjng and chess. They can help yu t recgnize patterns, slve prblems and memrize infrmatin.
Games build yur brain by making yu think differently than yu nrmally d. Fr example, crsswrds use clues t help yu fill in a grid with wrds. A crsswrd clue might be “a fruit with yellw skin.” Yur answer must fit in the grid. The wrd fr this clue has six bxes. T fill in thse bxes, yu need t answer the clue with the wrd “banana.” Other wrds in the puzzle share sme f the same letters. Because f this, answers t previus clues help yu find answers t ther clues. Crsswrds make yu remember the wrds yu knw and als help yu learn new wrds. Therefre, filling ut crsswrds builds vcabulary and memry.
A puzzle that is t hard isn’t any fun. S pick ut smething that is fun fr yu, and enjy building yu brain. A game that desn’t challenge yu desn’t makes yur brain wrk hard enugh. S chse a game that will imprve a skill yw are wrking n.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Cnsidered as mental wrkuts, brain games prvide fun ways t exercise yur brain. Yur cncentratin is built by fcusing n certain tasks in these games, thrugh which yur brain pwer such as rganizatin, recgnitin is imprved. Playing brain games helps yu t think differently. S, chse fun games f mderate difficulty because they wrk best fr yur brain. (58)
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，脑力游戏被认为是脑力锻炼，它提供了锻炼大脑的有趣方法。你的注意力是通过专注于这些游戏中的特定任务而建立起来的，通过这些任务，你的大脑能力（如组织能力、识别能力）会得到提高。玩脑力游戏可以帮助你以不同的方式思考。所以，选择难度适中的有趣游戏，因为它们对你的大脑最有益。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①He thinks these wrd puzzles are fun, but he als des them fr anther reasn — a mental wrkut. Like the muscles in yur bdy, yur brain’s “muscles” need exercise.
②Fr example, when ding a Sudku puzzle, yu fcus n rganizatin. Other games that may imprve brain pwer are jigsaw puzzles, mahjng and chess. They can help yu t recgnize patterns, slve prblems and memrize infrmatin.
③Games build yur brain by making yu think differently than yu nrmally d
④A game that desn’t challenge yu desn’t makes yur brain wrk hard enugh. S chse a game that will imprve a skill yw are wrking n.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说
3.遣词造句
Cnsidered as mental wrkuts, brain games prvide fun ways t exercise yur brain.
Yur cncentratin is built by fcusing n certain tasks in these games, thrugh which yur brain pwer such as rganizatin, recgnitin is imprved.
Playing brain games helps yu t think differently.
S, chse fun games f mderate difficulty because they wrk best fr yur brain.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Playing brain games helps yu t think differently.用动名词作主语对第三段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
[高分句型2] S, chse fun games f mderate difficulty because they wrk best fr yur brain.运用because引导原因状语从句对最后一段进行了概括。
Ⅴ. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
72. 这个包又脏又粘，他却没想过要洗洗。（ccur）(汉译英)
【答案】It hasn’t ccurred t him t wash the bag thugh it is sticky and dirty.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和状语从句。表示“某人没有想过做某事”应用It hasn’t ccurred t sb. t d sth.；表示“洗包”应用wash the bag，后跟thugh引导的让步状语从句，表示“又脏又粘”翻译为it is sticky and dirty，句子用一般现在时。故翻译为It hasn’t ccurred t him t wash the bag thugh it is sticky and dirty.
73. 学会对烦恼一笑置之，你就不太可能会抑郁。（likely）(汉译英)
【答案】Learn t laugh ff/at yur wrries, and yu are less likely t get depressed.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和祈使句。learn t d sth.学会做某事；laugh ff/at一笑置之；be less likely t 不太可能； get depressed变得抑郁。根据汉语提示，用“祈使句+and +陈述句”。故翻译为Learn t laugh ff/at yur wrries, and yu are less likely t get depressed.
74. 频繁发生的高温和暴雨等极端天气事件是全球变暖日趋严重的有力证据。（that）(汉译英)
【答案】The frequent extreme weather events like the high temperature and heavy rainfalls this year are strng evidence that glbal warming is getting mre serius.
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句和固定短语。表示“频繁发生的高温和暴雨等极端天气事件”短语为the frequent extreme weather events like the high temperature and heavy rainfalls this year；表示“是有力证据”应用be strng evidence，为一般现在时。后跟that引导的同位语从句，表示“全球变暖日趋严重”翻译为glbal warming is getting mre serius，为现在进行时。故翻译为The frequent extreme weather events like the high temperature and heavy rainfalls this year are strng evidence that glbal warming is getting mre serius.
75. 由废弃工厂改造而成，这家二手店主要出售旧书籍和回收来的衣物，希望通过实际行动推广循环经济理念。（…hping…）(汉译英)
【答案】Transfrmed frm an abandned factry, the secnd-hand stre mainly sells used bks and recycled clthes, hping t prmte the cncept f circular ecnmy thrugh cncrete actin.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。表示“由废弃工厂改造而成”应用过去分词短语transfrmed frm an abandned factry，作定语；表示“这家二手店”翻译为the secnd-hand stre，作主语；表示“主要出售旧书籍和回收来的衣物”翻译为mainly sells used bks and recycled clthes，为一般现在时；表示“希望通过实际行动推广循环经济理”翻译为hping t prmte the cncept f circular ecnmy thrugh cncrete actin，为现在分词短语作状语。故翻译为Transfrmed frm an abandned factry, the secnd-hand stre mainly sells used bks and recycled clthes, hping t prmte the cncept f circular ecnmy thrugh cncrete actin.
Ⅵ. Guided Writing
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
76. 假设你是明启中学学生李华，你校英语报的“Vice”专栏经常就热门话题展开讨论。本期围绕以下现象：某个学龄前儿童经常在短视频中用上海方言和大家拉家常，点击量轻松过百万。请就秀娃短视频走红现象给专栏写信，谈谈家长这种行为是否妥当，并说明理由。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Vice,
Recently, a preschler ften chatted with thers in the Shanghai dialect in a shrt vide, easily ver a millin views. At the same time, n the Internet, there are mre and mre accunts n ther shrt vides and live streaming platfrms with the main cntent f shwing “cute children”. Many parents turn their children int “Internet celebrities” and realize the target f the cash flw thrugh business cperatin.
As far as I’m cncerned, such behavir is inapprpriate. Sme parents in rder t prfit “nibble small”, in fact is “pit baby”. My reasns are as fllws: On the ne hand, pushing children in frnt f the camera, accrding t the script “cute”, excessive exhaustin f their physical energy and expsure f privacy, are easy t cause psychlgical anxiety. On the ther hand, children’s early participatin in cmmercial activities such as live shrt vides will als cause the distrtin f values and frm a utilitarian thinking and impetuus mentality.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达开放性作文。文章要求考生就秀娃短视频走红现象给专栏写信，谈谈家长这种行为是否妥当，并说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
越来越多：mre and mre→an increasing number f
实现：realize → accmplish
过度的：excessive→undue
造成：cause→ lead t
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Recently, a preschler ften chatted with thers in the Shanghai dialect in a shrt vide, easily ver a millin views.
拓展句：Recently, a preschler ften chatted with thers in the Shanghai dialect in a shrt vide, which easily gt ver a millin views.
【点睛】【高分句型1】At the same time, n the Internet, there are mre and mre accunts n ther shrt vides and live streaming platfrms with the main cntent f shwing “cute children”.（运用了with的复合结构）
【高分句型2】On the ne hand, pushing children in frnt f the camera, accrding t the script “cute”, excessive exhaustin f their physical energy and expsure f privacy, are easy t cause psychlgical anxiety.（运用了动名词作主语）
A. casual B. inbrn C. dwnturn D. replace E. failing F. limitatin
G. list H. pssibility I. faultless J. challenging K. surrund
1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2. 本次考试设试卷 和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 务必在答题纸 上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
Ⅰ. Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. Al the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. A restaurant.B. A pet shp.C. A parking garage.D. A park.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: The restaurant is next t the pet shp.
M: I knw. If we can’t find a place t park, we might miss ur dinner reservatin.
Q: What are the tw speakers prbably lking fr?
2. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. She has fixed the cmputer.B. She has replaced the mnitr.
C. She has remved the muse.D. She has given a cmputer lessn.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: That shuld d it! All thse viruses have been remved. N wnder yu culdn’t perate yur cmputer prperly.
M: I culdn’t tell what was wrng with it. I had thught it was the muse r the mnitr.
Q: What has the wman just dne?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. She did it ut f passin.
B. She did it ut f necessity.
C. She wanted t becme a fashin designer.
D. She was a successful businesswman.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Yu are a successful fashin designer nw. What made yu think f designing yur wn clthes in the first place?
W: Well, as yu can see, I’m very tall and I culdn’t find clthes that fit me in the rdinary shps.
Q: Why did the wman think f designing her wn clthes?
4. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. Manager and clerk.B. Teacher and student.
C. Saleswman and custmer.D. Official and citizen.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Alex! I’m just ging thrugh the reprt and I have a questin. That figure yu’ve gt fr 2019, are yu sure it’s crrect?
M: Let me check. I’m just pening the file. Em, I think I’ll need t lk back int it. Can I get back t yu later tday?
Q: What is the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
5. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. He will be t nervus t make his pint.
B. He will get up the curage t ask Rite ut.
C. If he fails t ask Rita ut, he will live in fear.
D. If he asks Rita ut, he will definitely be rejected.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Yu shuld definitely ask Rita ut. Smetimes it’s better t live life withut regrets.
M: Yu have gt a gd pint. I need t get ver my fear f rejectin.
Q: What des the man mean?
6. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. Jenny didn’t pick up the package.
B. Jenny missed the last bus hme.
C. Jenny ran int her friend in the pst ffice.
D. Jenny regretted having chatted with her friend.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Jenny, did yu pick up the package frm the pst ffice?
W: Oh, n. I was n my way there when I ran int my friend, Betty. I chatted with her until her bus arrived, and then I frgt all abut the package.
Q: What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
7. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. Calm.B. Nervus.C. Angry.D. Cnfused.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Lisa, calm dwn. What’s ging n?
W: I have just finished a presentatin with Gary. First, he was late. Secnd, he left the file in his drm. He really drve me crazy.
Q: Hw des Lisa feel?
8. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. He will spend mre time searching fr a present.
B. His present is surely better than the wman’s.
C. The wman is knwn fr being cmpetitive.
D. The wman shuld nt attend Rb’s birthday party.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I need t try t find smething fr Rb’s birthday that’s even better than yur present!
M: Yu’re cmpetitive, but I dubt yu’ll find smething better!
Q: What des the man imply?
9. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. She has frgtten the address f the dry cleaner nearby.
B. She has gt used t cleaning and irning the clthes herself.
C. She thinks dry cleaning csts t much mney and time.
D. She thinks dry cleaning ruins the fabrics f the clthes.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Why are yu irning ur clthes? I thught yu were ging t send them t the dry cleaner frm nw n. Prfessinal dry cleaning preserves clthes better.
W: I knw I shuld. Dry cleaning isn’t that expensive, and it really saves a lt f time. I guess ld habits die hard.
Q: Why desn’t the wman send the clthes t the dry cleaner?
10. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. Their hme was brken int lately.B. Their hme alarm system is brken.
C. A vilent strm is appraching.D. Their hme is securely lcked.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】W: Make sure yu lck the frnt and back drs securely tnight.
M: I already did. I lcked the windws t. If smene tries t enter, the alarm will g ff. Q: What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the passages and the cnversatin. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频】
11.
A. On August 18, 2021.B. On December 15th, 2021.
C. On January 20th, 2022.D. On December 14th, 2021.
12.
A. She flew day and night t break the recrd.
B. Her favurite part f the jurney was acrss Siberia.
C. She thught abut nthing else but flying during the jurney.
D. Bad weather alng the way frced her t land in Taipei.
13.
A. T majr in electrical engineering.
B. T hnr the traditin f her family.
C. T encurage girls t becme STEM teachers.
D. T inspire girls t pursue their flying dreams.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. D
【解析】
【原文】Teenager pilt Zara Rutherfrd has becme the yungest wman t fly sl arund the wrld. The 19-year-ld set ff frm Belgium n August 18, 2021 and landed back there n 20 January. Her jurney tk her acrss five cntinents in five mnths in an ultralight plane.
Unable t fly at night r in cluds, Rutherfrd was ften racing against time and the weather. T vercme her fears, she fcused n flying. “It’s abut living in the present,” she said. The scariest part f the jurney was flying acrss Siberia, where temperatures can ften reach -50°C in winter. It was beautiful but frightening. She als met lts f great and friendly peple alng the way. Surprisingly, ne f her stps in Asia was Taipei City. Rutherfrd landed at Sngshan Airprt n December 14. She stayed fr ne night befre flying ut the next day.
Rutherfrd, wh went t schl in Winchester, England, cmes frm a family f pilts and gt her flying licence at 17. “It’s a dream I’ve had my entire life, t fly in a plane arund the wrld,” she said. The previus yungest wman t fly arund the wrld sl was American Shaesta Waiz, wh was 30.
Rutherfrd nw plans t g t university t study electrical engineering. She said that the purpse f taking up the challenge was t encurage ther girls t becme pilts and study STEM subjects, which are science, technlgy, engineering and maths.
Questins:
11. When did Rutherfrd leave Taipei after a temprary stp there?
12. What can be learned abut her flight?
13. Why did she take up the challenge f flying sl arund the wrld?
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频】
14.
A. The adventure f a rbt n a deserted island.
B. A rbt’s reunin with its lng lst friends.
C. The rich animal wrld thrugh the eyes f a rbt.
D. The escape stry f a rbt frm a deserted island.
15.
A. She is brken and damaged in the accident.
B. She is brught back t life by a grup f sea lins.
C. She is frightened at the sight f island animals.
D. She is delivered t the island as an experiment subject.
16.
A. They fight fr limited resurces.
B. They speak each ther’s language.
C. Rz and the island animals trust each ther.
D. Rz feeds animals with advanced prgramming.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】The Wild Rbt is a nvel fr yung readers that was written by Peter Brwn. It tells the stry f Rz, a rbt that learns t live amng the animals n a deserted island.
Rz is manufactured as ne f five hundred identical rbts. When their carg ship is wrecked at sea, she is the nly ne t survive. All the ther rbts are brken r lst in the accident. Rz washes up n the shre f an island, where she is fund by a grup f sea lins. The sea lins accidentally push her activatin buttn, and Rz wakes up. The creatures are frightened, and they run away. Rz is left alne t discver her new hme.
During the time Rz lives n the island, she learns t imitate the animals. She studies their language, gains their trust, and seeks their advice fr survival. This prvides an interesting lk at what might happen when technlgy and nature are in cntact with each ther. The bk is dedicated t all the rbts f the future, and it makes us wnder if rbts like Rz culd ever find a place t belng in ur wrld.
Questins:
14. What is the nvel the Wild Rbt abut? (A)
15. What can we learn abut Rz, the rbt? (B)
16. Hw des Rz get alng with the island animals? (C)
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频】
17. A. Prfitable.B. Imprving.C. Favrable.D. Mney-lsing.
18.
A. Lk fr new ingredient suppliers.
B. Lwer the salary f full-time wrkers.
C. Offer fewer dishes n the menu.
D. Switch t lwer quality prducts.
19.
A. She will agree with the man’s decisin.
B. She will clse the business fr gd.
C. She will crss the bridge t avid it.
D. She will try t figure ut ways t deal with it.
20.
A. Updating the menu t imprve fd quality.
B. Reducing cst f running the restaurant.
C. Attracting mre custmers t the restaurant.
D. Expanding business t bring in mre prfits.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【原文】W: S are we still making a prfit?
M: Fr the time being, yes. Overall, the ecnmy is imprving, but nw the cst f ingredients is rising. If we dn’t get mre custmers sn, we may need t start cutting csts ver the next few weeks.
W: That’s what I was thinking. But frankly, I dn’t want t reduce the quality f ur fd. M: But if we dn’t switch ingredients, then we nly have tw ther ptins.
W: What are the tw ptins?
M: Well, in the shrt term, we can save mney by cutting items frm ur menu. Recently, the sandwiches and steaks haven’t been selling very well.
W: I can prbably guess what the ther ptin wuld be. M: Yeah. In the lng run we can’t keep all f ur staff.
W: I’m nt ging t let that happen. I’ve made up my mind. M: OK, bss. What shuld we d?
W: We’ll cut csts in the shrt term by limiting ur menu. I want yu t talk with ur chefs and cut ut at least ne-third f ur menu items.
M: It’s a gd thing that I haven’t placed an rder fr ingredients.
W: Gd. Sme f ur suppliers might be let dwn, but I’d rather ffer fewer high quality dishes than a full menu f lwer quality prducts.
M: I agree with that decisin. But what abut ur staff and the payrll?
W: Right nw, we still have time t bst business. Furthermre, we have a great team. I dn’t want t sacrifice that just t save a few dllars.
M: That’s a respectable decisin. Hwever, if business desn't imprve in the next mnth r tw, we wn’t have a chice.
W: I understand that the situatin isn’t favrable. But, we will crss that bridge when we cme t it.
Questins:
17. Hw is the current state f business?
18. What has the wman decided t d?
19. What will the wman d if business desn’t imprve?
20. What are the tw speakers mainly talking abut?
Ⅱ. Grammar and vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t1 make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Fancy a Snack? Have Sme Ptat Chips
There are a cuple f tales abut the rigins f ptat chips. The first is credited t Gerge Crum, ____21____ in 1853 was cking in a restaurant, Mn’s Lake Huse. A custmer requested Crum’s famus fried ptates. Hwever, when the dish ____22____ (serve), the custmer fund the ptates t thick fr his liking. Crum sliced them thinner, but still they weren’t thin enugh fr the guest. The dish was sent back and frth several times. ____23____ (anger), Crum eventually cut the ptates paper-thin, deep-fried them, and spread a lt f salt n them. His idea was ____24____ (make) the ptates uneatable, but instead he invented a tasty treat cmpletely by accident.
Hwever, there is a recipe that came ut befre Crum’s inventin. An 1822 ckbk The Ck’s Secrets ____25____ William Kitchiner, utlines hw t make “Ptates Fried in Slices”. It calls fr cutting ptates int thin slices and frying them in il. There are tw ther similar recipes frm 1824 and 1832, ____26____ f which mentin Kitchiner.
Then there is the great fried vs baked debate. Fried ptat chips cntain a lt mre il and fat. Baked chips, hwever, are cked in an ven r air fryer rather than being fried in il. S, they’re cnsidered the ____27____ (healthy) ptin. Tday, a lt f health-cnscius chip manufacturers lve t say their chips are baked, nt fried, t appeal t peple wh are cncerned abut ____28____healthy their fd is.
Speaking f health-cnscius peple, they prbably want t stay away frm “Ryce” chips, which are chips ____29____ (dip) in chclate. The mix f salty and sweet is t die fr, but far frm healthy. ____30____ kind f flavr yu prefer, there’s definitely a chip smewhere ut there that has yur name n it.
【答案】21. wh
22. was served
23. Angered
24. t make
25. by 26. bth
27. healthier
28. hw 29. dipped
30. N matter what
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了薯片的来历以及后来的发展。
【21题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：第一个要归功于Gerge Crum，1853年，他在一家名为“月亮湖屋”的餐厅里做饭。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的Gerge Crum，指代人。故填wh。
【22题详解】
考查动词。句意：然而，当菜端上来的时候，顾客发现土豆太厚了，他不喜欢。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处描述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。同时the dish与serve之间是被动关系，意为“菜被端上来”，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was served。
【23题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：被激怒，Gerge Crum最终把土豆切得像纸一样薄，油炸，并在上面撒了很多盐。分析句子，句中cut为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。anger为动词，意为“使某人激怒”，此处表示Gerge Crum是被激怒的，故使用过去分词作状语，即angered。同时设空处置于句首，首字母要大写。故填Angered。
【24题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他的想法是让土豆不能吃，但他完全是偶然地发明了一种美味的食物。句中be t d为固定短语，意为“去做某事”，不定式结构作表语。故填t make。
【25题详解】
考查介词。句意：William Kitchiner在1822年出版的烹饪书《厨师的秘密》中概述了如何制作“炸土豆片”。分析句子，设空处使用介词与后文的William Kitchiner构成介词短语。表示“被，由”的介词用by。故填by。
【26题详解】
考查代词。句意：1824年和1832年还有两份类似的食谱，都提到了Kitchiner。句中指代的前文的tw ther similar recipes，指代两者都，故用代词bth。故填bth。
【27题详解】
考查形容词。句意：因此，它们被认为是更健康的选择。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰ptin。此处表示“更加健康的”故用形容词的比较级。故填healthier。
【28题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：如今，许多注重健康的薯片制造商喜欢说他们的薯片是烘焙的，而不是油炸的，以吸引那些关心他们的食物多么健康的人。分析句子，设空处置于介词abut之后，应该使用宾语从句。根据句意，此处表示“多么”用hw。故选hw。
【29题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：说到注重健康的人，他们可能想远离“罗伊斯”薯片，这是蘸了巧克力的薯片。分析句子，设空处应该使用非谓语动词，此处chips与dip之间是被动关系。故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填dipped。
【30题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：不管你喜欢哪种口味的薯条，肯定会在某个地方有你的名字。分析句子，设空处引导的是让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”用n matter what。同时该空置于句首，首字母要大写。故填N matter what。
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Why Yu Need t Fail
“Peter, I’d like yu t stay fr a minute after class.” Kevin teaches my favrite bdy cnditining class at the gym.
“What’d I d?” I asked him.
“It’s what yu didn’t d.”
“What didn’t I d?”
“Fail.”
“Yu kept me after class fr nt ____31____?”
“This.” he said while imitating my ____32____ weight lifting style using weights that were bviusly t light, “it’s nt ging t get yu anywhere. A muscle nly grws if yu wrk it till it fails. Yu need t use mre ____33____ weights. Yu need t fail.” Kevin is nt smething.
Every time I ask a rmfull f executives t ____34____ the tp five mments when their career tk a leap frward, failure is always n the list. Fr sme, it was the lss f a jb. Fr thers, it was a prject that had gne bad. And fr thers still it was the failure f a larger system like an ecnmic ____35____ that required them t step up.
Yet mst f us spend a tremendus effrt trying t avid even the ____36____ f failure. Accrding t dctr Carl Dweck, we have a mindset prblem. If yu believe that yur talents are ____37____ r fixed, then yu will try t avid failure at all csts because failure is prf f yur ____38____ Peple with a fixed mindset like t slve the same prblems ver and ver again. Students with fixed mindsets wuld rather nt learn new languages. CEOs with fixed mindsets wuld ____39____ themselves with peple wh agree with them. They feel smart when they get it right. But if yu believe yur talent grws with persistence and effrt, then yu seek failure as an pprtunity t imprve. Peple with grwth mindsets feel smart when they are learning, nt when they are ____40____.
If yu have a grwth mindset, then yu use yur failures t imprve. If yu have a fixed mindset, yu may never fail, but neither d yu learn r grw.
【答案】31. E 32. A
33. J 34. G
35. C 36. H
37. B 38. F
39. K 40. I
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了失败的重要性，说明了思维固定的人和成长型思维的人的区别。如果你有一个成长型的心态，那么你就会利用失败来提高自己。如果你有一个固定的心态，你可能永远不会失败，但你也不会学习或成长。
【31题详解】
考查动词。句意：“你因为我没挂科就把我留了下来？”此处表示“考试失败，不及格”，且作介词的宾语，应用failing。故填failing。故选E。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“这。他一边说，一边模仿我随意的举重方式，举重的重量显然太轻了，“这不会让你有任何效果。”修饰后文weight lifting style，结合句意表示“随意的”应用形容词casual，作定语。故填casual。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。句意：你需要使用更具挑战性的重量。修饰后文名词weights，结合句意表示“具挑战性的”应用形容词challenging，作定语。故填challenging。故选J。
【34题详解】
考查动词。句意：每当我让一屋子的高管列出他们职业生涯取得飞跃的五个最重要时刻时，失败总是列在清单上。结合句意表示“列出”可知应用动词list，且上文为短语ask sb. t d sth.。故填list。故选G。
【35题详解】
考查名词。句意：对其他人来说，这是一个更大的系统的失败，比如经济衰退，需要他们站出来。结合句意表示“衰退”应用名词dwnturn，不定冠词提示用单数。故填dwnturn。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，我们大多数人花费了巨大的努力，试图避免失败的可能性。作宾语，结合句意表示“可能性”应用名词pssibility，不可数。故填pssibility。故选H。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果你相信你的才能是天生的或固定的，那么你就会不惜一切代价避免失败，因为失败证明了你的局限性。结合句意表示“天生的”应用形容词inbrn，作表语。故填inbrn。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果你相信你的才能是天生的或固定的，那么你就会不惜一切代价避免失败，因为失败证明了你的局限性。作宾语，表示“局限性”应用名词limitatin。故填limitatin。故选F。
【39题详解】
考查动词。句意：思维定式的首席执行官们会让与自己意见一致的人围绕在身边。结合句意表示“围绕”应用动词surrund，且wuld后跟动词原形。故填surrund。故选K。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：拥有成长型思维模式的人在学习的时候会觉得自己很聪明，而不是在没有缺点的时候。作表语，结合句意表示“没有缺点的”应用形容词faultless。故填faultless。故选I。
Ⅲ. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Suthern lng-finned pilt whales are marine mammals with a lt t say—and they may use vcalizatins (发声) t utsmart a deadly enemy.
Cetaceans (鲸类动物) such as whales and dlphins cmmunicate thrugh sund t find fd and mates, t navigate and t interact scially. Their vcalizatins ____41____ between species and within cmmunities. The animals can mimic (模仿) artificial nise such as snar, but nbdy had previusly recrded them ____42____ ther cetaceans’ sunds. A new study, hwever, fund verlap in the cetacean sund bk.
Researchers listened t 2,028 vcalizatins f lng-finned pilt whales ff the cast f Australia, the first time sunds frm the species in this regin have been ____43____ described. They were surprised t hear 19 instances f vcalizatins that resembled thse f rcas—the whales’ ceanic ____44____. “We fund sme calls that are, t the human ear, ____45____ t the killer whale calls in the same area,” says Christine Erbe, an expert in Marine Science and Technlgy.
Pilt whales and rcas, the tw largest species f cetaceans, are ften seen in the same ____46____ and are similar sizes, and bth live in scial grups. Orcas cmpete fr fd with lng-finned pilt whales and are ____47____ their predatrs (猎食者) .
____48____ frm rca stmachs shws they d ccasinally eat pilt whales. But pilt whales can mb and chase rcas away, the nly cetaceans seen ____49____ themselves frm their predatr in this way.
Mimicry culd serve as an _____50_____ defense: “One thery is that if they use similar sunds, they may nt be recgnized as prey,” Erbe says. Pilt whales hunting r eating rcas’ fd remainders might g _____51_____ if they use rca-like calls. “This is all underwater, where light travels really prly,” she adds. “S these animals _____52_____ sund fr detecting their prey and predatrs and fr navigating.” Lng-finned pilt whales have shwn an ability t _____53_____ between rca calls with different meanings.
Additinal wrk wuld _____54_____ whether mimicry is actually ccurring. Researchers culd pair their listening data with direct bservatins f the animals’ interactins in the wild r perhaps even play rca sunds and watch the whales’ _____55_____.
41. A. rangeB. varyC. riseD. drp
42. A. distractingB. separatingC. frecastingD. matching
43. A. criticallyB. cnsideratelyC. cnvenientlyD. cmprehensively
44. A. partnersB. speciesC. enemiesD. mates
45. A. identicalB. respnsiveC. cntraryD. inferir
46. A. bundariesB. scietiesC. envirnmentsD. facilities
47. A. initiallyB. eventuallyC. ptentiallyD. accidentally
48. A. MtinB. EmissinC. CnclusinD. Evidence
49. A. splittingB. defendingC. dismissingD. preventing
50. A. accessibleB. additinalC. accurateD. adequate
51. A. unnticedB. uninterestedC. untuchedD. unarmed
52. A. apply tB. turn upC. rely nD. put ut
53. A. pursueB. distinguishC. demnstrateD. struggle
54. A. claimB. calculateC. cnfirmD. clarify
55. A. reflectinsB. receptinsC. relatinsD. reactins
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究，说明南方长鳍领航鲸可能会用发声来战胜致命的敌人。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们的叫声因物种和群落而异。A. range排列；B. vary变化；C. rise上升；D. drp掉落。根据常识和前文“cmmunicate thrugh sund t find fd and mates, t navigate and t interact scially(通过声音交流，寻找食物和伴侣，导航和社交)”可知，它们的叫声因物种和群落而异。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些动物可以模仿声纳等人工噪音，但此前没有人记录到它们与其他鲸类动物的声音相匹配。A. distracting分散（思想），转移（注意力）B. separating分离；C. frecasting预报；D. matching匹配。根据后文“A new study, hwever, fund verlap in the cetacean sund bk.(然而，一项新的研究发现鲸类动物的声音书中有重叠)”可知，此处指它们的声音相匹配。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：研究人员在澳大利亚海岸聆听了2028种长鳍领航鲸声音，这是该地区首次对该物种的声音进行全面描述。A. critically批判地；B. cnsiderately体贴地；C. cnveniently方便地；D. cmprehensively完全地。全面地。根据前文“Researchers listened t 2,028 vcalizatins f lng-finned pilt whales”及“the first time”，并结合选项可知，他们对这些声音进行了全面的描述。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们惊讶地听到了19个类似鲸鱼的海洋敌人——虎鲸的声音。A. partners搭档；B. species物种；C. enemies敌人；D. mates伙伴，配偶。根据前文“they may use vcalizatins (发声) t utsmart a deadly enemy(它们可能会用发声来击败致命的敌人)”和后文“Orcas cmpete fr fd with lng-finned pilt whales and are ____7____ their predatrs (猎食者) .(虎鲸与长鳍领航鲸争夺食物，是它们潜在的捕食者)”可知，虎鲸被视为其它鲸鱼的敌人。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：海洋科学与技术专家Christine Erbe说：“我们发现，在同一区域，人类听到的一些叫声与虎鲸的叫声完全相同。”A. identical完全相同的；B. respnsive反应敏捷的；C. cntrary相反的；D. inferir较差的。根据前文“A new study, hwever, fund verlap in the cetacean sund bk.(然而，一项新的研究发现鲸类动物的声音书中有重叠)”可知，长鳍领航鲸的某些声音和虎鲸的声音完全相同。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：领航鲸和虎鲸是两种最大的鲸类动物，它们经常在相同的环境中出现，体型相似，都生活在社会群体中。A. bundaries边界；B. scieties社会；C. envirnments环境；D. facilities设施。根据后文“bth live in scial grups”可知，它们经常在相同的环境中出现。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：虎鲸与长鳍领航鲸争夺食物，是它们潜在的捕食者。A. initially最初地；B. eventually最终地；C. ptentially潜在地；D. accidentally偶然地。根据前文“a deadly enemy”及“similar sizes, and bth live in scial grups”和“Orcas cmpete fr fd with lng-finned pilt whales”可知，虎鲸和领航鲸相类似，又相互争夺食物，所以是领航鲸潜在的捕食者。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虎鲸胃里的证据表明它们偶尔会吃领航鲸。A. Mtin运动；B. Emissin排放；C. Cnclusin结论；D. Evidence证据。根据后文“frm rca stmachs”及“shws they d ccasinally eat pilt whales”可知，虎鲸胃里的食物就是它们吃领航鲸的证据。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但领航鲸可以围攻虎鲸并将其赶走，这是唯一一种以这种方式保护自己免受捕食者攻击的鲸类动物。A. splitting溢出，泼出；B. defending保卫；C. dismissing摒弃；D. preventing防止。根据前文“pilt whales can mb and chase rcas away”可知，领航鲸以这种方式保护自己。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：模仿行为可以作为一种额外的防御：“一种理论是，如果它们使用相似的声音，它们可能不会被认出是猎物，”Erbe说。A. accessible可到达的；B. additinal附加的，额外的；C. accurate精确的；D. adequate足够的。根据常识和后文“if they use similar sunds, they may nt be recgnized as prey”可知，模仿行为可以作为一种额外补充的防御措施。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：领航鲸捕食或食用虎鲸的食物残渣，如果它们发出类似虎鲸的叫声，可能不会被注意到。A. unnticed未注意到的；B. uninterested不感兴趣的；C. untuched未受影响的，未触动的；D. unarmed无武装的。根据语境和后文“if they use rca-like calls”可知，因为和虎鲸的叫声相同，所以在吃它们的食物残渣时，就不会被注意到。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以这些动物依靠声音来探测猎物和捕食者，并进行导航。A. apply t适用于；B. turn up调大；C. rely n依赖；D. put ut扑灭。根据前文“where light travels really prly(光线传播非常差)”和后文“sund fr detecting their prey and predatrs and fr navigating”可知，因为水底光线弱，所以依靠声音来行动。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：长鳍领航鲸显示出一种辨别虎鲸不同含义叫声的能力。A. pursue追求；B. distinguish区分，辨别；C. demnstrate证实，证明；D. struggle挣扎，奋斗。根据语境和后文“between rca calls with different meanings”可知，是一种辨别不同含义叫声的能力。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：进一步的研究将证实模仿行为是否真的发生了。A. claim宣称；B. calculate核算；C. cnfirm证实；D. clarify澄清。根据后文“whether mimicry is actually ccurring”可知，研究将证实模仿行为否真的发生。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员可以将他们的听力数据与野生动物互动的直接观察相结合，甚至可以播放虎鲸的声音，观察鲸鱼的反应。A. reflectins反射；B. receptins接待；C. relatins关系；D. reactins反应。根据前文“Researchers culd pair their listening data with direct bservatins f the animals’ interactins in the wild r perhaps even play rca sunds”可知，研究人员做了以上实验后，观察鲸鱼的反应。故选D项。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
I was 12 years ld when my life changed frever. It was just befre the end f the schl day, and my teacher tld me that my mum had asked me t g hme immediately. There was a plice car in the driveway, and I heard the sund f my sister crying in the living rm. My mum tk me upstairs and tld me that my dad had died. I remember crying like frever.
Then my uncle sat me dwn and tld me what had happened. I remember thinking Dad must have been in an accident in his car — he had a sprty red ne, and I thught he must have crashed. S it was shcking t learn he had been murdered — especially when I then discvered that he had been trying t help smene. Our cleaner had been ging thrugh a difficult break-up with her husband, and had her pst delivered t ur huse s her partner culdn’t seize it. Dad had taken her mail rund t her, but her partner saw him, stle a knife, went t the huse and stabbed my dad thrugh the heart, which killed him instantly.
It tk me a very lng time t be able t get t a place where I culd remember the happy times with my dad. It’s as if yur brain wn’t let yu remember, because it’s t painful. Even 30 years n, it can be a challenge. It’s like a cping surviving mechanism and I still wrk thrugh it tday — but that’s life living with srrw.
During the past few years I’ve fund that talking and writing has been a big help. It’s helped me acknwledge what happened, and has made me see these feelings are cmpletely nrmal. Actually fr many years, I used t questin why I was still feeling this way, but yu cme t realize there is n set pattern t srrw. It’s nt a quick-fix prcess; it’s nt even a fixable prcess. It’s smething yu have t live with, and yu take cmfrt wherever yu can find it.
Fr smene wh has just gne thrugh an unbearable lss, please take it easy n yurself. I’m nt sure whether time is a healer, but it will shw yu hw t live with these feelings yu’re experiencing. And thrugh yur wn unique jurney, yu’ll get t the pint f understanding yurself that little bit better.
56. What can we learn abut the death f the writer’s father?
A. He died a slw and painful death.
B. He was killed in a car crash.
C He suffered frm a heart attack.
D. He was cruelly murdered.
57. The writer initially managed the pain f lsing his father by ________.
A. remembering every happy mment spent with his father
B. blcking memries related t his father
C. seeking a fixed pattern t vercme srrw
D. ging t the dctr fr cnsultatin
58. What will the writer prbably say t the wman wh lst her belved husband 4 years ag?
A. With time passing by, yu are sure t recver frm the pain.
B. Talking and writing abut lss is a quick-fix prcess fr yu.
C. Whatever feeling yu have gne thrugh is natural and nrmal.
D. If yu are sill in a dark place, travelling may be a gd idea.
59. The article is written t ________.
A. share a heartbreaking persnal stry
B. hnr the memry f the writer’s father
C. highlight the need fr persnal safety
D. guide thers hw t face lss
【答案】56. D 57. B 58. C 59. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在作者12岁的时候，父亲被谋杀了。从此，他一直带着悲伤生活。他发现悲伤并没有固定的模式，这不是一个快速解决的过程；这甚至不是一个可以修复的过程。他想告诉那些刚刚经历了难以承受的失亲之痛的人，要放松自己。他并不确定时间是否是一个治愈者，但它会告诉你如何与你正在经历的这些感受一起生活。通过你自己独特的旅程，你会更好地理解自己。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Dad had taken her mail rund t her, but her partner saw him, stle a knife, went t the huse and stabbed my dad thrugh the heart, which killed him instantly. (爸爸把她的信给了她，但她的伴侣看到了他，偷了一把刀，跑到家里刺穿了爸爸的心脏，他当场就死了)”可知，作者的父亲被残忍地杀害了。故选D。
【57题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It tk me a very lng time t be able t get t a place where I culd remember the happy times with my dad. It’s as if yur brain wn’t let yu remember, because it’s t painful. (我花了很长时间才能够回忆起和爸爸在一起的快乐时光。就好像你的大脑不让你记起来，因为太痛苦了)”可推知，作者最初通过屏蔽与父亲有关的记忆来控制失去父亲的痛苦。故选B。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“During the past few years I’ve fund that talking and writing has been a big help. It’s helped me acknwledge what happened, and has made me see these feelings are cmpletely nrmal. (在过去的几年里，我发现交谈和写作对我有很大的帮助。它帮助我承认发生了什么，让我看到这些感觉是完全正常的)”及最后一段中的“Fr smene wh has just gne thrugh an unbearable lss, please take it easy n yurself. I’m nt sure whether time is a healer, but it will shw yu hw t live with these feelings yu’re experiencing. (对于那些刚刚经历了难以承受的失亲之痛的人，请放松自己。我不确定时间是否是一个治愈者，但它会告诉你如何与你正在经历的这些感受一起生活)”可推知，作者可能会对四年前失去挚爱丈夫的女人说：无论你经历了什么感觉都是自然和正常的。故选C。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。根据作者对自己亲身经历的陈述及最后一段中的“Fr smene wh has just gne thrugh an unbearable lss, please take it easy n yurself. I’m nt sure whether time is a healer, but it will shw yu hw t live with these feelings yu’re experiencing. (对于那些刚刚经历了难以承受的失亲之痛的人，请放松自己。我不确定时间是否是一个治愈者，但它会告诉你如何与你正在经历的这些感受一起生活)”可推知，作者写这篇文章是为了指导别人如何面对失去亲人的痛苦。故选D。
(B)
60. Which f the fllwing descriptins is TRUE abut the tw-week plan?
A. Every fur days the exercise intensity increases.
B. Yga is highly recmmended as a warming-up.
C. There is a sudden increase in walking duratin and speed.
D. Intervals are included in the tw-week walking rutines.
61. Jenny weighs abut 65kg, and if she walks all an average pace fr abut 65 minutes, her calrie burn shuld be abut ________.
A. 280B. 250C. 310D. 190
62. The purpse f the pster is t ________.
A. attract mre peple t subscribe t the training prgram
B. shw hw t up walking intensity within a shrt perid f time
C. explain the relatin between the number f steps and physical fitness
D. call n health-cnscius peple t make walking a habit
【答案】60. D 61. A 62. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了名为TWO-WEEK PLAN行走计划的内容。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据DAY AIM部分中第一天内容“This is yur starting pint. Here, we’re intrducing yur bdy t interval-based walking training.(这是你的起点，在这里我们将会使你的身体尝试基于间隔的步行训练。)”可知，在为期两周的步行训练中包括间隔的步行训练。故选D。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据图片中WALKING SPEED AND CALORIE BURN(per hur)中“3mph-260 calrie(3英里- 260卡路里)”可知，以3英里每小时的平均速度行走每小时消耗260卡路里。题干中Jenny行走大概65分钟，故她消耗的卡路里在稍微多余260卡路里，故推断为280卡路里。故选A。
【62题详解】
推理判断题。通过阅读全文，文章是一则海报，介绍了名为TWO-WEEK PLAN行走计划的内容以及给身体带来的好处。故其目的是详细告知人们在短短的两周内如何从稳定的行走到快步走再到极速走的实现，介绍了每天的行走时间安排，由此来提高行走的强度。故选B。
(C)
The wrld’s frests may hld mre secrets than previusly thught: a new glbal estimate f tree bidiversity suggests that there are abut 9,200 tree species yet t be dcumented. Mst are likely in the trpics, accrding t the new research.
The new research drew n the effrts f hundreds f cntributrs, wh have categrized trees in tw huge data sets: One, the Glbal Frest Bidiversity Initiative, recrds every species fund in extensively dcumented frest plts wrldwide. The ther, TREECHANGE, puts tgether sightings f individual species. Tgether they suggest there are apprximately 64,100 recrded tree species n the planet — up frm previus estimates f arund 60,000.
The researchers reached their estimate f an additinal 9,200 yet undcumented species n the basis f the number f rare nes already in the databases. Mst unknwn species are likely t be defined as rare, fund in limited numbers in small gegraphical areas, says the quantitative frest eclgist Jingjing Liang. The team’s result is “a rather cnservative estimate,” Liang says, “because scientists knw less abut the prepnderance f uncmmn trees in places such as the Amazn, where ut-f-the-way spts culd hst pckets f unusual species fund nwhere else.” “If we can fcus the resurces n thse rain frests in the Amazn,” Liang adds, “then we wuld be able t estimate it with higher cnfidence.”
Silman, a cnservatin bilgist, wh was nt invlved in the new study agrees that the study result is likely an underestimate. His and his clleagues’ lcal surveys suggest there are at least 3,000 and pssibly mre than 6,000 unknwn tree species in the Amazn basin alne. Tree species ften get gruped tgether based n appearance, he ntes, s new genetic analysis techniques will likely lead t the discvery f even mre bidiversity. Sliman wnders hw many species will g extinct befre scientists describe them. “Hw many are already knwn t native peples in the Amazn — r were knwn t peples r cultures wh have themselves been made extinct thrugh clnizatin, disease, r absrptin? Hw many “species” already have dried samples sitting in a cabinet?” he says.
Searching fr the new species will infrm nt nly cnservatin but the basic evlutinary science f hw and why species diversify and die ut, Silman says. “Just the fact that there are thusands f species f smething as cmmn as trees ut there that are still left t be discvered,” he adds, “I find pretty inspiratinal.”
63. What is the finding f the new research?
A. Maintaining tree diversity has becme a glbal challenge.
B. Abut nine thusand new tree species have been identified.
C. Thusands f tree species remain unknwn t science.
D. Human activates have led 1 the reduced number f trees.
64. What can be learned abut the research methd?
A. The researchers adpted quality methd t analyze data.
B. The researchers did extensive field study in ut-f-the-way spts.
C. Ding surveys and interviews is the main research methd.
D. Inferring frm the existing dada is the main research methd.
65. The underlined wrd “prepnderane” in paragraph 3 is clsest in meaning t ________.
A. majrityB. duratinC. cultivatinD. capacity
66. Accrding t Silman, ne f the reasns fr the underestimate f the tree species may be that ________.
A. genetic analysis technique failed t prduce accurate infrmatin
B. peples wh had specific knwledge abut rare trees became extinct
C. trees f similar sizes in the Amazn basin are gruped tgether
D. t many rare trees were made int dried samples befre being dcumented
【答案】63. C 64. D 65. A 66. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，该研究通过已有数据分析的方法，指出：当前成千上万的树种仍不为科学所知。同时，Sliman一名保护生物学家，却对此项研究的结论提出不同的看法。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The wrld’s frests may hld mre secrets than previusly thught: a new glbal estimate f tree bidiversity suggests that there are abut 9,200 tree species yet t be dcumented. Mst are likely in the trpics, accrding t the new research.(世界上的森林可能拥有比以前想象的更多的秘密：一项新的全球树木生物多样性估计表明，约有9200种树木尚未被记录在案。根据这项新研究，大部分可能在热带地区。)”可知，该项新研究指出成千上万的树种仍不为科学所知。故选C。
【64题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The new research drew n the effrts f hundreds f cntributrs, wh have categrized trees in tw huge data sets.(这项新研究利用了数百名贡献者的努力，他们在两个巨大的数据集中对树木进行了分类。)”可知，该研究的主要方法是从已有的数据中推断。故选D。
【65题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的内容“ such as the Amazn, where ut-f-the-way spts culd hst pckets f unusual species fund nwhere else.(比如亚马逊，在那里偏僻的地方可能有一些其他地方没有的不寻常树种。)”可知，后文是通过举例子的方式说明前面的观点。即在亚马逊，有很多不同寻常的树种是科学家们所不熟悉的。由此猜测，划线词所在句子scientists knw less abut the prepnderance f uncmmn trees in places such as the Amazn意为“科学家们对亚马逊等地不常见树木的数量知之甚少”，划线词与majrity同义。故选A。
【66题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Sliman wnders hw many species will g extinct befre scientists describe them. “Hw many are already knwn t native peples in the Amazn — r were knwn t peples r cultures wh have themselves been made extinct thrugh clnizatin, disease, r absrptin? Hw many “species” already have dried samples sitting in a cabinet?” he says.( Sliman想知道有多少树种会在科学家描述它们之前灭绝。“已经有多少树种被亚马逊土著民族所熟知，或者有多少树种是被民族或文化所熟知，而这些民族或文化因殖民、疾病或同化而灭绝？”)”可知，Sliman认为该项研究是低估了未知树种的数量是因为有很多熟知数目的民族或文化因为殖民、疾病或同化而灭绝，即有很多对稀有树木有专门知识的人都灭绝了。故选B。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Quiet Pwer
Since 2011, peple arund the wrld have been celebrating Wrld Intrvert Day n January 2. The wrd intrvert describes a persnality type. ______67______ They are likely t feel drained by envirnments that are highly stimulating and may ften need t g t a quiet place t recharge.
Wrld Intrvert Day began with a blg pst frm German psychlgist Felicitas Heyne. She suggested that intrverts are ften misunderstd, and their mental health suffers because ppular culture is dminated by extrverts. Her idea was t celebrate Wrld Intrvert Day t raise awareness f the scial challenges that intrverts face. _____68_____
There are many famus intrverts in art and science, such as Albert Einstein. Charles Darwin, J.K. Rwling, and Lady Gaga. It is believed that many intrverts have a great ability t fcus and strng pwers f imaginatin. After the nisy New Year celebratins are ver, peple can set aside ne day fr sme quiet time by themselves r with sme intrverted friends. _____69_____
The ppsite f an intrvert is called an extrvert. Extrverts lve cnnecting with ther peple, wrk well in grups, and are usually very cnfident. When intrverts dn’t fit int grups f extrverts, they may be seen as cld, uninterested, r timid. Ppular culture tells us that it is imprtant t netwrk, scialize, and cmmunicate, but all f this can make intrverts feel uncmfrtable.
Scientists are studying what causes smene t be an intrvert r an extrvert. Recent studies shw that genes are a factr, and mst peple seem t be brn with ne persnality type r the ther. _____70_____ Our envirnment and experiences als influence whether we are intrverted r extrverted. The term ambivert describes smene wh is right in the middle. N matter what persnality type we have, we can always celebrate ur differences and learn frm each ther.
A. It wuld als celebrate the cntributins f intrverts thrughut histry.
B. The brain f an intrvert can respnd dramatically t a very mild stimulus.
C. Yu never knw what new ideas yu might find when yu slw dwn t enjy sme peace and quiet.
D. Intrverted peple are knwn t live with unique challenges and gift.
E. Intrverted peple dn't require a lt f scial cntact, and they enjy spending time alne.
F. Part f what makes us intrverted r extrverted is hw ur brains respnd t the wrld arund us.
【答案】67. E 68. A 69. C 70. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了内向者的特点，并探讨了导致内向和外向的原因，建议人们尊重内向者，赞美差异，并相互学习。
【67题详解】
上文“The wrd intrvert describes a persnality type. (内向这个词描述的是一种性格类型)”提出了内向是一种性格类型，选项E“内向的人不需要太多的社交，他们喜欢独处。”承接上文，具体介绍内向者的性格特点。故选E项。
【68题详解】
上文“Her idea was t celebrate Wrld Intrvert Day t raise awareness f the scial challenges that intrverts face. (她的想法是庆祝世界内向者日，以提高人们对内向者所面临的社会挑战的认识)”介绍她想庆祝内向者日来提高人们对内向者的认识，选项A“它还将庆祝内向者在历史上做出的贡献。”承接上文，继续介绍她的想法，庆祝内向者的贡献，也是为了提高人们对内向者的认识。故选A项。
【69题详解】
上文“After the nisy New Year celebratins are ver, peple can set aside ne day fr sme quiet time by themselves r with sme intrverted friends. (在喧闹的新年庆祝活动结束后，人们可以留出一天的时间，独处或与一些内向的朋友在一起)”建议人们独处或与内向朋友在一起，选项C“当你放慢脚步享受宁静时，你永远不知道你会发现什么新想法。”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系，因为独处或和内向朋友在一起，所以就会放慢脚步，享受宁静而产生新思想。故选C项。
【70题详解】
上文“Scientists are studying what causes smene t be an intrvert r an extrvert. Recent studies shw that genes are a factr, and mst peple seem t be brn with ne persnality type r the ther. (科学家们正在研究是什么导致一个人内向或外向。最近的研究表明，基因是一个因素，大多数人似乎天生就有一种或另一种性格类型)”提出是什么导致内向和外向性格，并介绍研究结果，选项F“我们内向或外向的部分原因是我们的大脑对周围世界的反应。”承接上文，总结研究结果，说明导致内向和外向的原因。故选F项。
Ⅳ. Summary Writing
71. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Fun Ways t Get a Mental Wrkut
Yur grandfather is sitting in the living rm wrking n a crsswrd puzzle n a Saturday mrning. He thinks these wrd puzzles are fun, but he als des them fr anther reasn — a mental wrkut.
The term “mental muscles” describes yur brain’s ability t accmplish certain tasks. Like the muscles in yur bdy, yur brain’s “muscles” need exercise. While yur brain wrks all the time, the wrk des nt necessarily exercise yur brain. In additin, smetimes yur brain just needs time t relax and play. It is believed that brain games, like crsswrd puzzles, make yur brain wrk while playing. They build yur cncentratin by making yu fcus n certain skills fr a lng time. Fr example, when ding a Sudku puzzle, yu fcus n rganizatin. Other games that may imprve brain pwer are jigsaw puzzles, mahjng and chess. They can help yu t recgnize patterns, slve prblems and memrize infrmatin.
Games build yur brain by making yu think differently than yu nrmally d. Fr example, crsswrds use clues t help yu fill in a grid with wrds. A crsswrd clue might be “a fruit with yellw skin.” Yur answer must fit in the grid. The wrd fr this clue has six bxes. T fill in thse bxes, yu need t answer the clue with the wrd “banana.” Other wrds in the puzzle share sme f the same letters. Because f this, answers t previus clues help yu find answers t ther clues. Crsswrds make yu remember the wrds yu knw and als help yu learn new wrds. Therefre, filling ut crsswrds builds vcabulary and memry.
A puzzle that is t hard isn’t any fun. S pick ut smething that is fun fr yu, and enjy building yu brain. A game that desn’t challenge yu desn’t makes yur brain wrk hard enugh. S chse a game that will imprve a skill yw are wrking n.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Cnsidered as mental wrkuts, brain games prvide fun ways t exercise yur brain. Yur cncentratin is built by fcusing n certain tasks in these games, thrugh which yur brain pwer such as rganizatin, recgnitin is imprved. Playing brain games helps yu t think differently. S, chse fun games f mderate difficulty because they wrk best fr yur brain. (58)
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，脑力游戏被认为是脑力锻炼，它提供了锻炼大脑的有趣方法。你的注意力是通过专注于这些游戏中的特定任务而建立起来的，通过这些任务，你的大脑能力（如组织能力、识别能力）会得到提高。玩脑力游戏可以帮助你以不同的方式思考。所以，选择难度适中的有趣游戏，因为它们对你的大脑最有益。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①He thinks these wrd puzzles are fun, but he als des them fr anther reasn — a mental wrkut. Like the muscles in yur bdy, yur brain’s “muscles” need exercise.
②Fr example, when ding a Sudku puzzle, yu fcus n rganizatin. Other games that may imprve brain pwer are jigsaw puzzles, mahjng and chess. They can help yu t recgnize patterns, slve prblems and memrize infrmatin.
③Games build yur brain by making yu think differently than yu nrmally d
④A game that desn’t challenge yu desn’t makes yur brain wrk hard enugh. S chse a game that will imprve a skill yw are wrking n.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说
3.遣词造句
Cnsidered as mental wrkuts, brain games prvide fun ways t exercise yur brain.
Yur cncentratin is built by fcusing n certain tasks in these games, thrugh which yur brain pwer such as rganizatin, recgnitin is imprved.
Playing brain games helps yu t think differently.
S, chse fun games f mderate difficulty because they wrk best fr yur brain.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Playing brain games helps yu t think differently.用动名词作主语对第三段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
[高分句型2] S, chse fun games f mderate difficulty because they wrk best fr yur brain.运用because引导原因状语从句对最后一段进行了概括。
Ⅴ. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
72. 这个包又脏又粘，他却没想过要洗洗。（ccur）(汉译英)
【答案】It hasn’t ccurred t him t wash the bag thugh it is sticky and dirty.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和状语从句。表示“某人没有想过做某事”应用It hasn’t ccurred t sb. t d sth.；表示“洗包”应用wash the bag，后跟thugh引导的让步状语从句，表示“又脏又粘”翻译为it is sticky and dirty，句子用一般现在时。故翻译为It hasn’t ccurred t him t wash the bag thugh it is sticky and dirty.
73. 学会对烦恼一笑置之，你就不太可能会抑郁。（likely）(汉译英)
【答案】Learn t laugh ff/at yur wrries, and yu are less likely t get depressed.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和祈使句。learn t d sth.学会做某事；laugh ff/at一笑置之；be less likely t 不太可能； get depressed变得抑郁。根据汉语提示，用“祈使句+and +陈述句”。故翻译为Learn t laugh ff/at yur wrries, and yu are less likely t get depressed.
74. 频繁发生的高温和暴雨等极端天气事件是全球变暖日趋严重的有力证据。（that）(汉译英)
【答案】The frequent extreme weather events like the high temperature and heavy rainfalls this year are strng evidence that glbal warming is getting mre serius.
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句和固定短语。表示“频繁发生的高温和暴雨等极端天气事件”短语为the frequent extreme weather events like the high temperature and heavy rainfalls this year；表示“是有力证据”应用be strng evidence，为一般现在时。后跟that引导的同位语从句，表示“全球变暖日趋严重”翻译为glbal warming is getting mre serius，为现在进行时。故翻译为The frequent extreme weather events like the high temperature and heavy rainfalls this year are strng evidence that glbal warming is getting mre serius.
75. 由废弃工厂改造而成，这家二手店主要出售旧书籍和回收来的衣物，希望通过实际行动推广循环经济理念。（…hping…）(汉译英)
【答案】Transfrmed frm an abandned factry, the secnd-hand stre mainly sells used bks and recycled clthes, hping t prmte the cncept f circular ecnmy thrugh cncrete actin.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。表示“由废弃工厂改造而成”应用过去分词短语transfrmed frm an abandned factry，作定语；表示“这家二手店”翻译为the secnd-hand stre，作主语；表示“主要出售旧书籍和回收来的衣物”翻译为mainly sells used bks and recycled clthes，为一般现在时；表示“希望通过实际行动推广循环经济理”翻译为hping t prmte the cncept f circular ecnmy thrugh cncrete actin，为现在分词短语作状语。故翻译为Transfrmed frm an abandned factry, the secnd-hand stre mainly sells used bks and recycled clthes, hping t prmte the cncept f circular ecnmy thrugh cncrete actin.
Ⅵ. Guided Writing
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
76. 假设你是明启中学学生李华，你校英语报的“Vice”专栏经常就热门话题展开讨论。本期围绕以下现象：某个学龄前儿童经常在短视频中用上海方言和大家拉家常，点击量轻松过百万。请就秀娃短视频走红现象给专栏写信，谈谈家长这种行为是否妥当，并说明理由。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Vice,
Recently, a preschler ften chatted with thers in the Shanghai dialect in a shrt vide, easily ver a millin views. At the same time, n the Internet, there are mre and mre accunts n ther shrt vides and live streaming platfrms with the main cntent f shwing “cute children”. Many parents turn their children int “Internet celebrities” and realize the target f the cash flw thrugh business cperatin.
As far as I’m cncerned, such behavir is inapprpriate. Sme parents in rder t prfit “nibble small”, in fact is “pit baby”. My reasns are as fllws: On the ne hand, pushing children in frnt f the camera, accrding t the script “cute”, excessive exhaustin f their physical energy and expsure f privacy, are easy t cause psychlgical anxiety. On the ther hand, children’s early participatin in cmmercial activities such as live shrt vides will als cause the distrtin f values and frm a utilitarian thinking and impetuus mentality.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达开放性作文。文章要求考生就秀娃短视频走红现象给专栏写信，谈谈家长这种行为是否妥当，并说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
越来越多：mre and mre→an increasing number f
实现：realize → accmplish
过度的：excessive→undue
造成：cause→ lead t
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Recently, a preschler ften chatted with thers in the Shanghai dialect in a shrt vide, easily ver a millin views.
拓展句：Recently, a preschler ften chatted with thers in the Shanghai dialect in a shrt vide, which easily gt ver a millin views.
【点睛】【高分句型1】At the same time, n the Internet, there are mre and mre accunts n ther shrt vides and live streaming platfrms with the main cntent f shwing “cute children”.（运用了with的复合结构）
【高分句型2】On the ne hand, pushing children in frnt f the camera, accrding t the script “cute”, excessive exhaustin f their physical energy and expsure f privacy, are easy t cause psychlgical anxiety.（运用了动名词作主语）
A. casual B. inbrn C. dwnturn D. replace E. failing F. limitatin
G. list H. pssibility I. faultless J. challenging K. surrund
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