重庆市大学城第一中学2023-2024学年高二英语上学期第一次月考试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份重庆市大学城第一中学2023-2024学年高二英语上学期第一次月考试题（Word版附解析），共38页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， What makes Mrs等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高二上第一学月考试试题
英 语
本试题分为试题卷和答题卡两部分，其中试题卷由第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)组成，其中答题卡共2页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分，听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面不良对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. in the bookstore B. In the register office C. In the dorm building.
2 What is the weather like now?
A. Sunny B. Cloudy C. Rainy
3 What does the man want to do on the weekend?
A. Do some gardening B. Have a barbecue C. Go fishing.
4 What are the speakers talking about?
A. A new office B. A change of their jobs. C. A former colleague.
5 What do we know about Andrew?
A. He’s optimistic. B. Ile’s active. C、He’s shy.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which of the following does the woman dislike?
A. The bedroom. B. The sitting room. C. The kitchen.
7. What does the woman suggest they do next?
A. Go to another agency. B. See some other flats. C. Visit the neighbours.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is t ho man doing?
A. He is making a phone call. B. He’s chairing a meeting. C. He’s hosting a program.
9. What makes Mrs. Johnson worried about her daughter in Africa?
A. Lack of medical support.
B. Inconvenience of communication.
C. Poor transportation system.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What position does the man apply for?
A. A salesperson. B. An engineer. C. An accountant.
11. Which aspect of the company appeals to the man?
A. The company culture. B. The free accommodations. C. The competitive pay.
12. What is difficult for the man to deal with?
A. Interpersonal relationships. B. Quality-quantity balance. C. Unplanned happening.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How docs Robert sound when speaking of his being a writer?
A. Hopeful. B. Grateful. C. Doubtful.
14. What was Robert like before he was 9 years old?
A. He had wild imagination. B. He enjoyed sports. C. He loved science.
15. What did Robert’s father do?
A. A teacher. B. A coach. C. A librarian.
16. What helped Robert become a writer?
A. Writing daily. B. Listening to stories. C. Reading extensively.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where was Open Tchaikovsky Competition held in 1986?
A. in Moscow. B. In Chelyabinsk. C. In Berlin.
18. What does Maxim say about the competition he attended at 10?
A. It inspired many young musicians.
B. It was the music event of his dreams.
C. It was a life-changing experience.
19. Which kind of music are the young players required to play?
A. Rock music. B. Pop music. C. Classical music
20. What does Maxim value most in young players’ performance?
A. Expressiveness. B. Smoothness. C. Completeness.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)
第一节(共19小题，每小题2.5分，满分47.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
One of the best advantages of technological advancements is the fact that it has given us so much more freedom in the way we work. That so many jobs can be done remotely means you can travel and work from anywhere you want in the world. Here are some of the best cities to live and work in.
Tallinn, Estonia
Often overlooked as a tourist destination, Tallinn has become known as Europe's next Silicon Valley. Not only that, it is absolutely amazing. The Old Town has been named as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is full of Gothic architecture and lots of historical landmarks.
Budapest, Hungary
Budapest is an ideal city for anyone who is crazy about wandering. It has a diverse culture, delicious and affordable food, and best of all, a low cost of living compared to other major cities. Its Neo-Renaissance architecture has made it one of Europe's most beautiful cities.
Da Nang, Vietnam
Unlike large cities like Ho Chi Minh City or Hanoi, Da Nang's advantage is that it is still pretty unknown to many people. That means there are fewer tourists while still providing the same attractions of a big noisy city. Enjoy the most delicious food, buy fresh coconuts on the beach, and rent a motorbike and drive over Hai Van Pass.
Lisbon, Portugal
Lisbon is becoming popular as a co-working community, and it's clear why so many flooded into this city. With 300 days of sunshine each year, unbelievable nightlife, and delicious food, there are certainly worthwhile places to spend your time at. Lisbon has a growing tech scene but is still very leisurely.
1. What do Tallinn and Budapest have in common?
A. Their living cost is low. B. They have beautiful architecture.
C. They are famous technology centers. D. They are listed in the UNESCO World Heritage.
2. Which country is the city offering a beach tour located in?
A. Estonia. B. Vietnam. C. Hungary. D. Portugal.
3. What is unique about Lisbon?
A. It offers delicious food. B. It is a quiet European city.
C. It is famous for beautiful scenery. D. It enjoys sunshine most of the year.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四个适合生活和工作的美丽城市。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tallinn, Estonia部分中“The Old Town has been named as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is full of Gothic architecture and lots of historical landmarks.(这座古城被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产，到处都是哥特式建筑和许多历史地标)”和Budapest, Hungary部分中“Its Neo-Renaissance architecture has made it one of Europe's most beautiful cities.(它的新文艺复兴式建筑使其成为欧洲最美丽的城市之一)”可知，这两座城市都有美丽的建筑。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Da Nang, Vietnam部分中“Enjoy the most delicious food, buy fresh coconuts on the beach, and rent a motorbike and drive over Hai Van Pass.(享受最美味的食物，在海滩上买新鲜的椰子，租一辆摩托车，开车经过海湾山口)”可知，提供海滩旅游的城市位于越南。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lisbon, Portugal部分中“With 300 days of sunshine each year, unbelievable nightlife, and delicious food, there are certainly worthwhile places to spend your time at.(每年有300天的阳光，令人难以置信的夜生活和美味的食物，这里肯定值得你花时间去)”可知，一年中大部分时间享有阳光是Lisbon特有的。故选D。
B
Three cute brown bear cubs who got lost after getting separated from their mother gripped the hearts of netizens.
The fuzzy cubs were spotted by Gelek Gyatso, an ecological protection officer, when he was patrolling a riverbed at an altitude of nearly 4, 500 meters in Qumarleb county in Qinghai province’s Yushu.
The little cubs eagerly ran toward the ranger on the snow-covered riverbed, then stopped short at a safe distance to stare at him curiously. After realizing that the man was not their mother, the bear cubs turned around and ran along the river calling for mom.
This was Gelek Gyatso’s first encounter with bear cubs separated from their mother. With his knowledge of wild animals, he drove the cubs towards an area near their cave in the hope of a safe reunion. Thankfully, later that day, other patrol officers found that the mother bear had reunited with her cubs and that the family was happy and healthy.
This year marks Gelek Gyatso’s tenth year as an ecological protection officer. He patrols the area every day, diligently records the animals he sees, carefully checks on the vegetation, and helps clean up litter.
Over the decade, Gelek Gyatso has witnessed great changes in the ecological environment of his hometown. There has been an increase in the number of wild animals, and everyone is participating in the protection of these species, making coexistence between humans and animals more harmonious.
He also reminds people that if they encounter wild animals in the wild, they should keep their distance, not disturbing or feeding them, and that if they find an animal that needs to be rescued, they should call the fire or forest department in time.
4. What happened to the three bear cubs?
A. Losing track of the mother bear.
B. Following Gelek with curiosity.
C. Mistaking a man for their mother.
D. Being trapped in the cold riverbed.
5. Which of the following best describes Gelek?
A. Ambitious. B. Romantic. C. Devoted. D. Innovative.
6. According to Gelek, what should people do to live in harmony with wildlife?
A. Changing their living surroundings.
B. Feeding and sheltering wild animals.
C. Getting involved in saving endangered species.
D. Seeking professional help to rescue those in need.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. A project of wildlife conservation
B. A journey of friendship connection
C. A knowledgeable ecological officer
D. An encounter leading to a safe reunion
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是青海省玉树县库马勒勒县的生态保护官员Gelek Gyatso发现三只与妈妈走散后走失的棕熊幼崽，并帮助这三只棕熊幼崽与自己的妈妈团聚的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Three cute brown bear cubs who got lost after getting separated from their mother gripped the hearts of netizens. (与妈妈走散后走失的三只可爱的棕熊幼崽抓住了网友们的心。)”可知，这三只可爱的棕熊幼崽和熊妈妈走失了。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“This year marks Gelek Gyatso’s tenth year as an ecological protection officer. He patrols the area every day, diligently records the animals he sees, carefully checks on the vegetation, and helps clean up litter. (今年是Gelek Gyatso担任生态保护官的第十个年头。他每天都在该地区巡逻，勤奋地记录他看到的动物，仔细检查植被，并帮助清理垃圾。)”以及Gelek Gyatso帮助三只小熊和妈妈团聚的故事可知，Gelek Gyatso是个对工作认真负责的人。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“He also reminds people that if they encounter wild animals in the wild, they should keep their distance, not disturbing or feeding them, and that if they find an animal that needs to be rescued, they should call the fire or forest department in time. (他还提醒人们，如果在野外遇到野生动物，要保持距离，不要打扰或喂食，如果发现需要救援的动物，要及时给消防或森林部门打电话。)”可知，Gelek Gyatso建议人们如果发现需要救援的动物，要及时给消防或森林部门打电话。也就是遇到需要救援的动物，应该向专业人士求助。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“This was Gelek Gyatso’s first encounter with bear cubs separated from their mother. With his knowledge of wild animals, he drove the cubs towards an area near their cave in the hope of a safe reunion. Thankfully, later that day, other patrol officers found that the mother bear had reunited with her cubs and that the family was happy and healthy. (这是Gelek Gyatso第一次遇到与母亲分离的小熊。凭借对野生动物的了解，他把这些幼崽赶到洞穴附近的一个地方，希望它们能安全团聚。值得庆幸的是，当天晚些时候，其他巡逻人员发现熊妈妈和她的孩子们团聚了，全家人都很快乐、健康。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述的Gelek Gyatso与三只棕熊幼崽的相遇带来了熊妈妈和她的孩子们团聚。故选D。
C
“Anyone knows single parents who can’t afford to get their child’s hair done for school? I will braid (编辫子) it for free!”Brittany Starks wrote on a Facebook post.
She decided to offer her hair braiding services after a family friend delivered backpacks full of school supplies, clothing and shoes for Cayden and Ceniyah in early August. “At the time, I didn’t have anything for my kids to start school,” said Starks, who is in between homes and staying with her mother. “It meant so much to me.”
The unexpected gift made a big difference to Starks and her children, and it motivated her to pay it forward. Starks, who works two receptionist jobs, also braids hair part-time. “The hair-braiding process involves washing, blow-drying, and finally dividing the hair into small sections and braiding it. It also requires multiple supplies — including combs, brushes, hair jam and additional pieces of hair to weave in. It costs anywhere from $150 to $400 at a salon (美发厅), depending on the style,” Stacks explained. “But it can last for months and is a huge timesaver in the mornings.”
When she wrote the Facebook post, she assumed only a handful of people would reach out,but before she knew it, she had 35 appointments booked. Her Facebook inbox was suddenly full of messages from single parents, whose stories of hardship and financial challenges mirrored her own.
“There’s a huge need for this. I could really relate to a lot of the women who reached out, and it made me realize that what I was doing was really important,” said Stacks. “What got me the most was seeing the kids smile.” Given that there was less than two weeks before the start of school, Starks knew she needed to enlist help.
8. What got Brittany Starks to offer her hair braiding service?
A. A post on Facebook. B. Her friend’s timely help.
C. Her mother’s advice. D. A trip to her kids’ school.
9. What does Starks say about hair braiding?
A. It’s a bit dear. B. It’s time-wasting.
C. It’s an easy job. D. It’s a mother’s duty.
10. How does Starks feel about the response to her Facebook post?
A. Rather disturbing. B. Beyond expectation.
C. Far from satisfactory. D. Very disappointing.
11. What can we infer about Brittany Starks from the text?
A. She is single with one child. B. She is ambitious and arbitrary.
C. She is in need of helping hands. D. She is free from financial worries.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了单亲妈妈Brittany Starks伸出援手，为那些支付不起孩子编头发家庭的孩子免费编辫子的故事。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“She decided to offer her hair braiding services after a family friend delivered backpacks full of school supplies, clothing and shoes for Cayden and Ceniyah in early August. “At the time, I didn’t have anything for my kids to start school,” said Starks”（8月初，家里的一个朋友给凯登和塞尼亚送去了装满学习用品、衣服和鞋子的背包，之后她（斯塔克斯）就决定提供编辫子服务。“当时，我没有任何东西供孩子上学，”斯塔克斯说）和第三段“The unexpected gift made a big difference to Starks and her children, and it motivated her to pay it forward.”（这个意想不到的礼物对斯塔克斯和她的孩子们产生了巨大的影响，也激励她把它传递下去。）可知，朋友的及时帮助让Brittany Starks开始她的编辫子服务。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段Starks的话“The hair-braiding process involves washing, blow-drying, and finally dividing the hair into small sections and braiding it. It also requires multiple supplies — including combs, brushes, hair jam and additional pieces of hair to weave in. It costs anywhere from$150 to $400 at a salon (美发厅), depending on the style,”（编发过程包括清洗、吹干，最后将头发分成小块编发。它还需要多种用品，包括梳子、刷子、发卡和额外的头发来编织。费用从150美元到400美元沙龙(美发厅)，根据不同的风格）可推知，编辫子并不是简单的事情，还有一点小贵。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“When she wrote the Facebook post, she assumed only a handful of people would reach out, but before she knew it, she had 35 appointments booked.”（当她在Facebook上发帖时，她以为只有少数人会联系她，但在她知道之前，她已经被预约了35次。）及“Her Facebook inbox was suddenly full of messages from single parents”（她的Facebook收件箱突然塞满了来自单亲父母的信息）可知，Starks认为Facebook上的回应出乎意料。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段关键句“There’s a huge need for this.”（这有巨大的需求。）及“Given that there was less than two weeks before the start of school, Starks knew she needed to enlist help.”（考虑到离开学不到两周的时间，斯塔克斯知道她需要寻求帮助。）可推知，Starks需要寻求帮助来进行自己的服务。故选C项。
D
Smoking is so alluring (诱惑的), pleasurable for some and perhaps the worst thing that you can possibly do to your body. So, producers made electronic cigarettes as a safer smoking choice-safer than tobacco (烟草制品). Although e-cigarettes contain the drug nicotine like cigarettes, they do not use tobacco and you do not light them. They are powered by battery (电池).
However, if e-cigarettes are so safe, why has the United States Center for Disease Control (CDC) seen an increase in telephone calls about e-cigarette poisonings?
The answer is children. Most of the calls are from people worried about children who have played with the devices (装置). In the period of one month this year, the Center said 215 people called the Center with e-cigarette concerns. More than half of these calls were for children aged five and younger. The devices had made them sick.
Tim McAfee is director of the Center’s Office on Smoking and Health. He says the problem is regulation—the U. S. federal government does not control e-cigarettes even though they contain liquid nicotine. Mr. McAfee adds that liquid nicotine is a well-known danger. Mr. McAfee explains that nicotine poisoning happens when it gets into the skin, gets into the eyes or is swallowed. It can cause stomach pain or a sense of unbalance. And too much nicotine can kill.
Tim McAfee says e-cigarettes do not create the level of risk to people that tobacco products do. He notes that almost 500, 000 Americans die each year from cigarettes. “So, cigarettes are the winner in that contest.” E-cigarettes do not contain hundreds of harmful chemicals that are found in real cigarettes. So, the U. S. Surgeon General Boris D. Lushniak has suggested that e-cigarettes may be a useful tool for adults trying to end their tobacco use.
But Tim McAfee worries that teenagers may think electronic cigarettes are harmless. They could become addicted to the nicotine and then start smoking real cigarettes. In other words, he fears that fake (假) e-cigarettes could be a “gateway” to the real thing for young people.
12. What do the producers think of e-cigarettes?
A. Cheaper. B. Safer. C. Dangerous. D. Expensive.
13 We can learn from the passage that __________.
A. the CDC wants to develop a better type of e-cigarettes
B. the U. S. federal government is against the use of e-cigarettes
C. Boris D Lushniak thinks e-cigarettes may contribute to giving up smoking.
D. Boris D Lushniak is a heavy smoker
14. What is Tim McAfee’s opinion about smoking?
A. He strongly claims that regulations should be made to ban smoking.
B. He is convinced that e-cigarette is a useful tool.
C. Smoking e-cigarettes can make a person sick.
D. He is concerned about the teens using e-cigarettes.
15. What’s the author’s attitude towards e-cigarettes?
A. Neutral. B. Negative. C. Positive D. Indifferent.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是电子烟的安全性问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段中的“So, producers made electronic cigarettes as a safer smoking choice—safer than tobacco (烟草制品).(因此，生产商生产电子烟作为一种比烟草更安全的吸烟选择。)”可知，生产商生产电子烟因为他们认为电子烟比烟草更安全，所以他们认为电子烟是安全的。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“E-cigarettes do not contain hundreds of harmful chemicals that are found in real cigarettes. So, the U. S. Surgeon General Boris D. Lushniak has suggested that e-cigarettes may be a useful tool for adults trying to end their tobacco use.(电子烟不含有真烟中发现的数百种有害化学物质。因此，美国卫生局局长Boris D. Lushniak建议，电子烟可能是试图结束烟草使用的成年人的有用工具。)”可知，电子烟中不含有真烟中存在的数百种有害化学物质，Boris D. Lushniak建议，电子烟可以成为成年人试图结束使用烟草的有用工具，由此可知，Boris D. Lushniak认为电子烟有助于戒烟。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据尾段“But Tim McAfee worries that teenagers may think electronic cigarettes are harmless. They could become addicted to the nicotine and then start smoking real cigarettes. In other words, he fears that fake (假的) e-cigarettes could be a “gateway” to the real thing for young people.(但是Tim McAfee担心青少年可能认为电子烟是无害的。他们可能会对尼古丁上瘾，然后开始吸真正的香烟。换句话说，他担心假电子烟可能成为年轻人吸真烟的“途径”。)”可知，Tim McAfee担心青少年认为电子烟没有危害，而可能成为年轻人吸真烟的途径，由此可知，Tim McAfee担忧的是青少年使用电子烟。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中的“Although e-cigarettes contain the drug nicotine like cigarettes, they do not use tobacco and you do not light them. They are powered by battery (电池).(虽然电子烟像香烟一样含有尼古丁，但它们不使用烟草，你也不用点燃它们。它们由电池供电。)”可知，尽管电子烟中含有尼古丁，但不用点燃他们，他们使用电池供电，结合尾段中的“In other words, he fears that fake (假的) e-cigarettes could be a “gateway” to the real thing for young people. (换句话说，他担心假电子烟可能成为年轻人吸真烟的“途径”。)”可知，电子烟有其有利的一面，同时作者还引用了其他专家的看法，说明电子烟也有其危害，所以作者对电子烟的介绍基本上在客观的陈述一些相关专家的见解与看法，对电子烟应是持中立的态度。故选A项。
E
Accents are a sign of belonging and something that separates communities. Yet we can probably think of people who seem to have lost their accent and of others whose accent stays firmly in place. Given the personal and social importance of how someone speaks, why would anyone’s accent change?
A conscious or subconscious desire to fit in can influence the way you speak. If someone moves from Australia to America to work, for example, they will probably at least change their accent in order to get a better sense of belonging. This may be out of a need or desire to be more clearly understood and to be accepted in a new community. They might also want to avoid ridicule for the way they speak.
For people whose accents do shift, the way they speak may be less important to their sense of identity, or their identity with a social or professional group may be more pressing. Even before we are born, we are exposed to the speech patterns of those around us. We progress through various stages of speech development that result in us having speech patterns similar to those around us.
For others whose accent does not seem to change, it could be because they feel safe in their identity, and their accent is much part of that identity — or that keeping the difference is valuable to them.
Meanwhile, brain damage may result in foreign accent syndrome (FAS), which results from physical changes that are not under the speaker’s control. Suffering from FAS, speakers may lose the ability to speak at all or experience strange changes in the way they pronounce. In some cases, listeners might look down upon a person with FAS as they believe them to be foreigners. It’s no wonder many people unconsciously protect themselves by adapting their speech to those around them.
16. What does the underlined word ”This“ in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The desire to fit in. B. The change of career.
C. The adjustment of accents. D. The influence on language.
17. What makes people choose to change their accents?
A. The result of brain damage. B. Their strong sense of identity.
C. Their desire to learn about locals. D. The need to adapt to new environment.
18. What can we know about the people suffering from FAS?
A. They may be taken as foreigners.
B. They can not help making a sound.
C. They suffer from emotional changes.
D. They may change accents to gain respect.
19. What’s the author’s purpose in writing this text?
A. To explain the loss of accents.
B. To introduce the history of accents.
C. To analyze why accents are lost or kept.
D. To show the significance of accent changes,
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了口音的变化原因。
【16题详解】
指代猜测题。根据第二段中“If someone moves from Australia to America to work, for example, they will probably at least change their accent in order to get a better sense of belonging. This may be out of a need or desire to be more clearly understood and to be accepted in a new community.(例如，如果有人从澳大利亚搬到美国工作，他们可能至少会改变口音以获得更好的归属感。这可能是出于需要或渴望被更清楚地理解并在新社区中被接受。)”可知this指代的是口音的调整，故选C项。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“A conscious or subconscious desire to fit in can influence the way you speak.(有意识或潜意识想要融入环境的欲望会影响你说话的方式。)”可知因适应新环境的需要使人们选择改变他们的口音，故选D项。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“In some cases, listeners might look down upon a person with FAS as they believe them to be foreigners.(在某些情况下，听众可能会看不起患有FAS的人，因为他们认为他们是外国人。)”可知患有FAS的人可以被视为外国人，故选A项。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Given the personal and social importance of how someone speaks, why would anyone’s accent change?(鉴于某人说话方式的个人和社会重要性，为什么人的口音会改变？)”以及第四段“For others whose accent does not seem to change, it could be because they feel safe in their identity, and their accent is much part of that identity — or that keeping the difference is valuable to them.(对于那些口音似乎没有改变的人来说，这可能是因为他们对自己的身份感到安全，而他们的口音是这种身份的重要组成部分——或者保持差异对他们来说是有价值的。)”可知，本文写作的目的在于分析口音变化的原因或者口音被保留的原因，故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Gear guide—buying a backpack
A quick glance through my outdoor trade directory reveals 49 companies that sell or make backpacks. If they all produce ten backpacks then we have a frightening number for the humble beginner to choose from. ___20___
The first and most vital consideration is your anticipated load. If you have short summer evening walks then a small backpack would be fine, but if your walks are day-long and year-round then your pack will need to be bigger. Mine typically contains packed lunch, waterproofs, clothing I’ve taken off during the day, a first aid kit and an emergency shelter. Sometimes in winter I add a sleeping bag and a torch. ___21___ My current backpack is a Crag-hopper AD30(30 litres)which is just big enough. Admittedly I do often lead walking parties in remote places so perhaps my added responsibilities cause me to carry more. Compare my list with yours to see if you need as much carrying space.
___22___ Choose a light pack, but make sure it can take the weight of what you are carrying and it can support the load comfortably on your back. Today you can get quite technically advanced backpacks: advanced fabrics, a variety of side pockets, internal frames, adjustable belts, and clever systems to keep your back cool.
You also need to look inside. It may seem obvious, but you should choose a backpack that allows you easy access. ___23___ It’s also important to choose a backpack that fits the length of your back. Being six feet I need a long, thin one rather than a short, wider one. If I use the latter, I’ ll have a hip belt round my stomach!
___24___ Obviously you can’t see it when it’s on your back, but why buy something that won’t look good on you? After all, there’s no shortage of colors or designs to choose from.
A. I need a backpack with a reasonable capacity.
B. Undoubtedly we won’t ignore the look of the pack.
C. A wide variety of functions are offered to customers.
D. It is recommended that you consider weight and features.
E. Some have narrow necks that make removing large items difficult.
F. So consider your own needs before you set foot in an outdoor shop.
G. A cool pack can provide an enjoyable and comfortable hiking trip for you.
【答案】20. F 21. A 22. D 23. E 24. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何选购一款适合自己的背包。
【20题详解】
根据前文“A quick glance through my outdoor trade directory reveals 49 companies that sell or make backpacks. If they all produce ten backpacks then we have a frightening number for the humble beginner to choose from. (快速浏览我的户外贸易目录，发现有49家公司销售或制造背包。如果它们都生产10个背包，那么对于初学者来说，选择的数量是令人惊人的。)”可知，此处强调当面临数量众多的背包时，不知道如何选择，后文应该指出解决方案。F选项“So consider your own needs before you set foot in an outdoor shop.(所以，在你踏入户外商店之前，先考虑一下你自己的需求。)”与前文构成因果关系。故选F。
【21题详解】
根据前文“Sometimes in winter I add a sleeping bag and a torch. (冬天的时候，我有时会加一个睡袋和一个手电筒。)”可知，此处指出作者常常带的物品，后文应该介绍作者目前所使用型号的背包足够大。A选项“I need a backpack with a reasonable capacity.(我需要一个容量适中的背包。)”讲述作者对背包容量的需求，承接前文。故选A。
【22题详解】
根据后文“Choose a light pack, but make sure it can take the weight of what you are carrying and it can support the load comfortably on your back. (选择一个轻的背包，但要确保它能承受你所携带的东西的重量，并且它能舒适地支撑你的背部。)”可知，本段主要围绕的是选择轻型背包，并考虑背包材质、内饰、性能等展开。D选项“It is recommended that you consider weight and features.(建议您考虑重量和特征。)”概括本文内容。故选D。
【23题详解】
根据前文“you should choose a backpack that allows you easy access. (你应该选择一个方便取用的背包。)”以及后文“It’s also important to choose a backpack that fits the length of your back. (选择一个适合你背部长度的背包也很重要。)”可知，此处指出选择合适自己的背包。E选项“Some have narrow necks that make removing large items difficult.(有些背包的脖口很窄，很难取出大的东西。)”引起下文，指出背包的脖口很小，很难伸手够到东西，承接前文提出的应该要选择适合自己背包。同时后文也提出了具体建议还要适合自己背部长度的背包，符合语境。故选E。
【24题详解】
根据前文“but why buy something that won’t look good on you? (但是为什么要买一些不适合你的东西呢？)”可知，此处强调选择背包也要注意外观。B选项“Undoubtedly we won’t ignore the look of the pack.(毫无疑问，我们不会忽视背包的外观。)”符合语境。故选B。
第三部分：语言运用(共三节，满分45分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Wang Pufang is an inheritor of the technique for making handmade colorful lanterns. She has devoted her whole life to ____25____ the traditional craft. “I have made lanterns for the past 70 years to carry forward the ____26____ and relive my childhood memories,” Wang said. She explained that when she was a(n)____27____, the older generations in her family ____28____ lanterns during the Spring Festival for children to play with. On the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar, which ____29____ the end of the Spring Festival, the children’s lanterns were eventually ____30____ symbolizing prosperity for the year ahead.
Wang also makes lanterns for new____31____ in her village. She says that it is a best ____32____ that they will soon have a baby and live happily. The big smiles on their faces make Wang believe her devotion is ____33____.
Wang explained that lanterns represent her _____34_____memories. “When many _____35_____ people came to buy lanterns, they recall their childhood memories and share _____36_____ stories with me about their childhood,” she added. For Wang, lanterns are like a pen that _____37_____the customs and what life was like during her childhood.
In order to make more people _____38_____ the craft, Wang continues to sell traditional handmade lanterns and teaches students in schools how to make them, allowing them to feel the unique _____39_____ of the traditional craft.
25. A. looking for B. working over C. passing down D. thinking about
26. A. regulation B. adjustment C. absence D. technique
27. A. adult B. child C. artist D. tutor
28. A. produced B. advocated C. bought D. brought
29. A. warns B. causes C. marks D. stresses
30. A. lighted B. completed C. presented D. exchanged
31. A. clients B. couples C. villagers D. visitors
32. A. wish B. reward C. honour D. privilege
33. A. unique B. worthwhile C. appropriate D. significant
34 A. children’s B. colleagues’ C. generation’s D. acquaintances’
35. A. elderly B. friendly C. familiar D. local
36. A. miserable B. meaningless C. challenging D. interesting
37. A. recorded B. excluded C. mentioned D. explained
38. A. pay for B. learn about C. focus on D. set up
39. A. origin B. story C. history D. attraction
【答案】25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了传统手工彩灯制作技艺的传承人王蒲芳为传统手工彩灯制作技艺的传承作出的贡献。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她毕生致力于传承传统工艺。A. looking for寻找；B. working over加工；C. passing down传承；D. thinking about思考。根据后文““ I have made lanterns for the past 70 years to carry forward the ____2____ and relive my childhood memories,” Wang said.”可知，王蒲芳在过去的七十年里一直通过制作灯笼发扬这项技术，说明她毕生致力于传承传统工艺。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：王说：“在过去的70年里，我一直在制作灯笼，以发扬这项技艺，重温我的童年记忆。”A. regulatio规章；B. adjustment调节；C. absence缺席；D. technique技艺。根据前文“Wang Pufang is an inheritor of the technique for making handmade colorful lanterns.”可知，王蒲芳是手工彩灯技艺的传承人，说明她一直在发扬这项技艺，technique为原词复现。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她解释说，当她还是个孩子的时候，家里的老一辈在春节期间制作灯笼供孩子们玩耍。A. adult成年人；B. child孩子；C. artist艺术家；D. tutor家教。根据前文“relive my childhood memories”可知，王蒲芳在重温她的童年记忆，说明她解释的内容是关于她还是个孩子的时候发生的事情。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她解释说，当她还是个孩子的时候，家里的老一辈在春节期间制作灯笼供孩子们玩耍。A. produced制作；B. advocated提倡；C. bought购买；D. brought带来。根据前文“Wang Pufang is an inheritor of the technique for making handmade colorful lanterns.”可知，王蒲芳是手工彩灯技艺的传承人，推断出她家有制作灯笼的技艺。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在中国农历正月十五，也标志着春节的结束，孩子们的灯笼最终被点亮，象征着来年的繁荣。A. warns警告；B. causes引起；C. marks标志；D. stresses强调。根据常识可知，中国农历正月十五标志着春节的结束。故选C项。
30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在中国农历正月十五，也就是春节的结束，孩子们的灯笼最终被点亮，象征着来年的繁荣。A. lighted点亮；B. completed完成；C. presented呈现；D. exchanged交换。根据前文“On the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar”根据常识可知，农历正月十五是元宵节，孩子们有点灯的传统。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：王还为村里的新人夫妻做灯笼。A. clients客户；B. couples夫妻；C. villagers村民；D. visitors拜访者。根据后文“She says that it is a best ____8____ that they will soon have a baby and live happily.”可知，她祝愿他们将很快有一个孩子，生活幸福，推断出王蒲芳还为村里的新人夫妻做灯笼。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说，这是一个最好的祝愿，他们将很快有一个孩子，生活幸福。A. wish祝愿；B. reward奖励；C. honour荣誉；D. privilege特权。根据后文“they will soon have a baby and live happily”可知，新人们将很快有一个孩子，生活幸福，这是王蒲芳对于新人的祝愿。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们脸上灿烂的笑容让王相信她的付出是值得的。A. unique独特的；B. worthwhile值得的；C. appropriate适合的；D. significant重要的。根据前文“The big smiles on their faces”可知，王送灯笼的行为让新人夫妻微笑，推断出她认为她的付出是值得的。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词所有格词义辨析。句意：王解释说，灯笼代表了她那一代人的记忆。A. children’s孩子们的；B. colleagues’同事们的；C. generation’s一代人的；D. acquaintances’熟人们的。根据后文“When many ____11____ people came to buy lanterns, they recall their childhood memories and share ____12____ stories with me about their childhood”可知，当许多老年人来买灯笼时，他们会回忆起童年的记忆，并分享他们童年的有趣故事，说明灯笼代表了那一代人的记忆。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她补充说：“当许多老年人来买灯笼时，他们会回忆起童年的记忆，并与我分享他们童年的有趣故事。”。A. elderly年老的；B. friendly友好的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. local当地的。根据后文“ they recall their childhood memories and share ____12____ stories with me about their childhood”可知，他们会回忆起童年的记忆，分享他们童年的有趣故事，推断出这些买灯笼的人是老人。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她补充说：“当许多老年人来买灯笼时，他们会回忆起童年的记忆，并与我分享他们童年的有趣故事。”。A. miserable悲惨的；B. meaningless无意义的；C. challenging有挑战的；D. interesting有趣的。根据前文“share”根据常识可知，分享的事情往往是好的事情，推断出老人们分享的应该是有趣的童年故事。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对王来说，灯笼就像一支笔，记录着她童年时的风俗习惯和生活。A. recorded记录；B. excluded排除；C. mentioned提及；D. explained解释。根据前文“lanterns are like a pen”可知，笔的作用是用来记录，所以推断出王认为灯笼就像一支笔，记录着她童年时的风俗习惯和生活。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了让更多的人了解这门工艺，王继续销售传统手工灯笼，并在学校教学生如何制作灯笼，让他们感受到传统工艺的独特吸引力。A. pay for支付；B. learn about了解；C. focus on关注；D. set up建立。根据后文“Wang continues to sell traditional handmade lanterns and teaches students in schools how to make them”可知，王继续销售传统手工灯笼，并在学校教学生如何制作灯笼，说明她想让更多人了解这门工艺。故选B项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让更多的人了解这门工艺，王继续销售传统手工灯笼，并在学校教学生如何制作灯笼，让他们感受到传统工艺的独特吸引力。A. origin起源；B. story故事；C. history历史；D. attraction吸引力。根据前文“ Wang continues to sell traditional handmade lanterns and teaches students in schools how to make them”可知，推断出王蒲芳为灯笼制作的非遗传承做了很多，推断出她想让人们感受到灯笼制作的独特的吸引力。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. (China Railway) said on Saturday that ____40____ sold 22.88 million train tickets on Friday, ____41____ (set) a new record for single-day ticket sales. Of the total, 20.95 million train tickets ____42____ (sell) on China’s official railway ticket-booking website.
Friday marks the presale of train tickets for the first day of the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day holidays, ____43____ extend from Sept 29 to Oct 6 this year.
Ticket sales volumes reflect the travel demands of the people and the trends in economic and social development, said ____44____ official of China Railway, adding that the record-breaking ticket sales ____45____ Sept 15 are indicative of the strong demand for travel during the upcoming Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day “golden week” holiday.
China ____46____ (expect) to see 190 million railway ____47____ (trip) during the upcoming 12-day travel rush, which will last from Sept 27 to Oct 8. The Mid-Autumn Festival, falling on Sept 29 this year, is a ____48____ (tradition) Chinese Festival usually _____49_____ (mark) by family reunions, watching the full moon and eating mooncakes.
【答案】40. it 41. setting
42. were sold
43. which 44. an
45. on 46. is expected
47. trips 48. traditional
49. marked
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道的是中国国家铁路集团有限公司周六表示，周五售出2288万张火车票，创下单日售票新纪录，并分析了出现这一情况的原因。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：中国国家铁路集团有限公司(中铁)周六表示，周五售出2288万张火车票，创下单日售票新纪录。分析句子结构可知，此处为代词作主语，结合句意可知，此处指代的是China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. (China Railway)为名词单数，指代上文中的同一事物应使用代词it。故填it。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国国家铁路集团有限公司(中铁)周六表示，周五售出2288万张火车票，创下单日售票新纪录。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，set后有宾语a new record，与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填setting。
【42题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：其中，在中国官方铁路订票网站上售出了2095万张火车票。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上文中的on Saturday可知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时，sold与句子主语train tickets之间为被动关系，且句子主语为名词复数。故填were sold。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：周五是中秋节和国庆假期第一天的火车票预售，今年的中秋节和国庆假期从9月29日持续到10月6日。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day holidays指的是事物，且that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以只能使用which。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：中国铁路总公司的一位官员表示，车票销量反映了人们的出行需求以及经济和社会发展的趋势，并补充说，9月15日破纪录的车票销售表明，在即将到来的中秋节和国庆黄金周假期期间，出行需求强劲。分析句子结构可知，official为可数名词单数，意为“官员”，空前无限定词，所以使用冠词，结合句意可知，此处表示“一位官员”应为泛指，所以使用不定冠词，official的首个音素为元音，所以使用不定冠词an。故填an。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国铁路总公司的一位官员表示，车票销量反映了人们的出行需求以及经济和社会发展的趋势，并补充说，9月15日破纪录的车票销售表明，在即将到来的中秋节和国庆黄金周假期期间，出行需求强劲。根据句意可知，此处指的是具体某一天，所以使用介词on。故填on。
【46题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在即将到来的从9月27日到10月8日的12天旅游高峰期间，中国有望将有1.9亿人次的铁路出行。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示对现在客观情况的分析，应使用一般现在时，expect与句子主语China之间为被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填is expected。
【47题详解】
考查名词。句意：在即将到来的从9月27日到10月8日的12天旅游高峰期间，中国预计将有1.9亿人次的铁路出行。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，空前有190 million修饰，所以此处使用名词复数。故填trips。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：今年的中秋节是9月29日，是中国的传统节日，人们通常会与家人团聚，看满月，吃月饼。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词Chinese Festival，tradition的形容词为traditional意为“传统的”符合句意。故填traditional。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：今年的中秋节是9月29日，是中国的传统节日，人们通常会与家人团聚，看满月，吃月饼。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，mark与所修饰词Chinese Festival为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填marked。
第三节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处根据词义填入1个适当的单词。
50. So far nobody has ________ (认领) the money discovered in the library. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】claimed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：到目前为止，还没有人认领在图书馆发现的钱。根据汉语提示可知是动词claim，此处用过去分词与前面的助动词has构成现在完成时，故填claimed。
51. After the game, the fans __________ (朝……行进) for the exit. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】headed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：比赛结束后，球迷们朝出口走去。“朝……行进”为动词head，与介词for构成短语head for，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填headed。
52. It __________ (突然想到) to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】occurred
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：他突然想到第二天上午他有一个重要的会议要参加。此处考查句型It occurres/occurred to sb. that...，意为“某人突然想起……”。根据后文he had an important conference 可知用一般过去时。故填occurred。
53. The crisis here caught the __________ (全球的) attention. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】global
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这里的危机引起了全球的关注。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语使用形容词，根据汉语提示，表示“全球的”含义的形容词为：global，故填global。
54. She gave me a __________ (坚定的) look that said she would not change her mind. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】determined
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她坚定地看了我一眼，说她不会改变主意。根据中文提示可知，表示“坚定的”可用determined，为形容词，在本句中作定语修饰后面名词。故填determined。
55. Please find my application letter in the __________ (附件). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】attachment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：附件是我的申请信，请查收。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语可知，表示“附件”应为attachment，结合句意可知，此处指的是在申请心中的附件，应为单数形式。故填attachment。
56. We __________ (发动) a campaign to urge the board to raise the workers’ pay and conditions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】have launched
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我们发起了一项运动，敦促董事会提高工人的工资和工作条件。根据汉语提示可知应填动词launch，作谓语动词，表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响应用现在完成时，主语为we，助动词用have。故填have launched。
57. Apart from his __________ (聪颖), he was tirelessly industrious. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】intelligence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：除了聪明之外，他还孜孜不倦地工作。“聪颖”为名词intelligence作宾语，不可数，故填intelligence。
58. Equally as important is the __________ (渴望) to learn. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】desire
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：求知的渴望也同样重要。根据汉语提示可知，desire渴望，名词，在句中作表语，用单数。故填desire。
59. __________ (缺乏) of money led to the abandonment of this plan. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Lack
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：由于缺乏资金，这个计划被放弃了。“缺乏”为名词lack，作主语，与介词of构成短语lack of，意为“缺乏……”，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Lack。
第四部分：写作(满分15分)
60. 假定你是李华，你的外国留学生朋友James想在中国进行社会实践，现有如下两种选择：博物馆讲解员或乡村中学志愿者。James来信向你寻求建议，请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.建议其中一项活动；
2.说明至少两点理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear James,
How is everything going?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear James,
How is everything going? Based on your interests, I would recommend you to become a museum guide.
Firstly, working as a museum guide will provide you with a unique opportunity to soak yourself in Chinese history and culture, offering insights into the country’s past and present. What’s more, by engaging in daily conversations with tourists and explaining the cultural significance of the artifacts in Chinese, you’ll have ample chance to practice and enhance your language proficiency.
Hopefully, my suggestions will be of help to you and feel free to reach out if you need further guidance.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外国留学生朋友James写封信，给他提出在中国进行社会实践的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：firstly→in the first place
提供：offer→provide
充当：work as→serve as
另外：what’s more→in addition
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Firstly, working as a museum guide will provide you with a unique opportunity to soak yourself in Chinese history and culture, offering insights into the country’s past and present.
拓展句：Firstly, working as a museum guide will provide you with a unique opportunity to soak yourself in Chinese history and culture, which will offer insights into the country’s past and present.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Based on your interests, I would recommend you to become a museum guide. (运用了过去分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Hopefully, my suggestions will be of help to you and feel free to reach out if you need further guidance. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)