2023届高考英语复习：形容词副词辨析（含解析）

这是一份2023届高考英语复习：形容词副词辨析（含解析），共5页。试卷主要包含了选择题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（3）形容词副词辨析—2023届高考英语一轮复习语法总动员之形容词与副词一、选择题1.They felt ________ after seeing the ________ film. A. excited; exciting           B. excited; excited C. exciting; excited           D. exciting; exciting2.Lily is so ______ . She is always making you feel you can talk quite naturally to her.A. critical B. available C. magnificent D. dramatic3.Many kids get ______ to surfing the Net, so they have lost interest in study. A. frightened  B. addicted  C. confused  D. curious4.My parents are ______ with the life in the countryside, where the air is fresh and clean. A. content  B. suitable  C. anxious  D. attracted5.Arriving at the clinic five minutes after the due time is a(n) ______practice in western countries.A. average        B. ordinary         C. common        D. usual6.—Do you really want to go out?—It may rain. ______, I shall go out; I don’t mind the rain.A. Anyway                  B. Otherwise                    C. Somehow                      D. Therefore7.The population has reduced ________ because of the war. A. dramatically  B. objectively  C. urgently  D. steadily8.When I was talking, Mrs. Southern listened keenly, ______ breaking in with relevant questions.A. eventually B. repeatedly C. occasionally D. immediately9._________, we had intended to go to Italy , but then we won the trip to Greece.A.Originally    B.Obviously        C.Slightly             D.Totally10.I believe China has masses of reasons to be such a host and what China can contribute to the Olympics is not _________ a ticket design. A. merely  B. scarcely  C. barely  D. rarely二、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。    International media outlets and social media users used words such as “excellent” “spectacular” and “impressive” ①_______(describe)the opening ceremony of the 2022 Winter Olympics held in Beijing last Friday night. One of the eye-catchers of the simplified yet beautifully realized ceremony in the Bird’s Nest was the main stage, which was the ②_______ (world)largest ground LED screen.    The screen, with a size of 10,552 square meters, was ③_______ (actual)composed of about 42,000 small LED modules and featured ultra-high resolution of 16K.    That night, the supersized ground screen, together with a 10-meter-high vertical screen, ④_______ (present)many memorable moments during the ceremony through the combined application ⑤_______ AI, 5G, AR and naked-eye 3D technologies. The most exciting moment was probably when the Olympic Rings were “carved out” of a 3D cube ⑥_______ (shape) like a block of ice.    To build such ⑦_______ big LED screen on the ground of the stadium was not an easy task, according to its ⑧_______ (develop)—China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology(CALT). Since it also served as the main stage, on ⑨_______ the entire performance and the Parade of Nations took place, it had to be wear-resistant, water-proof, electrically safe and able to sustain heavy weights. What was more challenging, as the stadium was open-air, the ground screen had to be able to withstand the freezing temperature of Beijing’s winter. In order to address all the ​⑩_______ (challenge), technicians from CALT built a special protective layer for the ground screen.三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Alfred Nobel was born in Stockholm in 1833. His father, a ①______ (success) engineer and inventor, was able, in 1842, to bring his family to St. Petersburg, where Alfred was given the first-class education by private teacher. By the age of 17, Alfred was fluent in several ②______ (language).To widen Alfred's horizons, his father sent him abroad for further ③______ (train) in the chemical engineering. In Paris, he met the young Italian chemist Ascanio Sobrero, ④______ invented nitroglycerine (硝化甘油) three years earlier, a highly explosive liquid. ⑤______ (interest) in nitroglycerine, over the years, Alfred himself performed so many experiments to make sure it could ⑥______ (put) into practical use in construction work. Eventually, he ⑦______ (found) factories and labs in 90 different places in more than 20 countries. Though he lived in Paris much of his life, he was ⑧______ (constant) traveling. When he was not traveling, he focused on the development of explosive technology and other chemical inventions. By the time ⑨______ his death in 1896, he had 355 patents(专利).Alfred Nobel died in Sanremo, Italy, on December,1896. When his will(遗嘱) was opened, it ⑩______ surprise that his fortune was to be used for Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, came as Physiology or Medicine, Literature and Peace.


 
答案以及解析一、1.答案：A解析：分析句子，excited修饰人，指"兴奋的”；exciting修饰物，"激动人心的”。结合句意，看了这部激动人心的电影后，他们感到很兴奋。第一空修饰they，用excited；第二空修饰film，用exciting.故选：A。2.答案：C解析：A. critical批评的；B. available可利用的；C. magnificent极好的；D. dramatic戏剧性的。根据句意"莉莉真漂亮。她总是让你觉得你可以很自然地和她说话。"空处意思应该是 “漂亮的”，C项正确。故选：C。3.答案：B解析：考查形容词词义辩析。句意：许多孩子沉迷于上网，因此对学习失去了兴趣。A. frightened感到害怕的；B. addicted成瘾的；C. confused困惑的：D. curious好奇的。句中get是连系动词，意思是“变得”，后跟形容词作表语。此处表示 “沉迷于”上网。故选B。4.答案：A解析：考查形容词词义辩析。句意：我父母对乡下的生活很满意，那里的空气清新干净。A. content满意的；B. suitable合适的； C. anxious担忧的；D .attracted被吸引的。短语：be content with，意为“对某事是满意的'，结合句中the air is fresh and clean，此处指父母对乡下的生活是满意的。故选A。5.答案：C解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在西方国家，比预定时间晚五分钟到达诊所是一种常见的作法。A. average平均的；B. ordinary普通的；C. common常见的；D. usual通常的。根据句意，尤其是practice“惯例”可知此处用“常见的”符合语境。故选C项。6.答案：A解析：考查副词的用法。Anyway无论如何； Otherwise在其他方面，除此以外；Somehow以某种方式，不管怎么样；Therefore因此。从题意可以看出，天可能下雨，不管怎样，我要出去；我不介意下雨。故选A。7.答案：A解析：句意：由于战争，人口急剧减少。A．dramatically戏剧性地，急剧地；B.objectively客观地；C.urgently紧急地；D.steadily稳定地。根据句意可知答案。故选：A。8.答案：C解析：A. eventually最后；终于；B. repeatedly反复地；重复地；再三地；C. occasionally偶尔地；偶尔；D. immediately立即；马上；即刻。结合句意，我说话的时候，Southern太太很认真地听着，偶尔打断我问一些相关的问题。C符合语意。故选：C。9.答案：A解析：句意：本来我们打算去意大利，但后来我们赢得了去希腊的机会。A.originally最初，起初；本来； B.obviously明显地；C.slightly些微地，轻微地；纤细地；D.totally总共地；总计，根据意思A正确，故选：A。10.答案：A解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我相信中国有大量的理由成为这样的主办国，中国对奥运会的贡献不仅仅是一张门票的设计。A.merely仅仅；B.scarcely几乎不； C.barely几乎不；D.rarely很少。根据“I believe China has masses of reasons to be such a host”可知，中国对奥运会的贡献不仅仅是一张门票的设计。故选A。二、答案：1. to describe2. world's3. actually4. presented5. of6. shaped7. a8. developer9. which10. challenges
解析： ①考查非谓语动词。此处考查“use sth to do sth”,为固定用法。②考查名词的所有格。所给词与空后largest ground LED screen存在所属关系,故此处用所给名词的所有格。③考查词形转换。此处用所给形容词的副词修饰动词composed。④考查动词的时态。根据时间状语That night可知,此处讲述的是过去发生的事情,故此处用所给动词的过去式。⑤考查介词。此处考查“the+名词+of+名词”的结构,意为“……的……”。⑥考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,此处用所给动词的非谓语动词:shape与其逻辑主语a 3D cube存在逻辑上的动宾关系,故此处用所给动词的过去分词。shaped like a block of ice是过去分词短语作后置定语。⑦考查冠词。此处考查such与不定冠词的连用,结构为“such+不定冠词+形容词+名词”,故此处用不定冠词a。⑧考查词形转换。根据空前的修饰词its可知,此处用所给动词的名词,又因为该空指China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,故用所给动词的名词developer。⑨考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,该空所在句是由“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词是the main stage,作介词on后的宾语,故此处用关系代词which。⑩考查名词复数。challenge是可数名词,根据前文提到的“几个挑战”及空前的修饰词all the可知,此处用所给名词的复数。三、答案：①successful②languages③training④who⑤Interested⑥constantly⑦be put⑧founded⑨of⑩a解析： ①考查形容词。句意：他的父亲是一位成功的工程师和发明家。1842年，他把全家带到了圣彼得堡。在那里，阿尔弗雷德得到了私人教师提供的一流教育。名词engineer前用形容词修饰。故填successful。②考查名词的数。句意：17岁时，阿尔弗雷德就能流利地说好几种语言。根据空格前的several可知，这里应用名词的复数形式。故填languages。③考查名词。句意：为了开阔阿尔弗雷德的视野，他父亲把他送到国外去接受化学工程方面的进一步培训。介词for后接名词形式，作为“培训”为不可数名词。故填training。④考查定语从句。句意：在巴黎，他遇到了年轻的意大利化学家Ascanio Sobrero，他在三年前发明了硝化甘油，一种高度爆炸性的液体。句中先行词为Ascanio Sobrero，指人，在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。⑤考查非谓语动词。句意：多年来，阿尔弗雷德对硝化甘油很感兴趣，他自己做了很多实验，以确保它能在建筑工程中得到实际应用。句中已有谓语动词，所以用的谓语动词形式。be interested in对……感兴趣，在句中作状语，所以形容词形式。故填Interested。⑥考查语态。句意：多年来，阿尔弗雷德对硝化甘油很感兴趣，他自己做了很多实验，以确保它能在建筑工程中得到实际应用。代词it与动词put是被动关系且空格前有情态动词could。故填be put。⑦考查时态。句意：最终，他在20多个国家的90多个地方建立了工厂和实验室。事情发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。故填founded。⑧考查副词。句意：虽然他大半生都住在巴黎，但他一直在旅行。动词travel前用副词修饰。故填constantly。⑨考查介词。句意：到1896年去世时，他已经拥有了355项专利。固定短语by the time of到……时候为止。故填of。⑩考查冠词。句意：当人们打开他的遗嘱时，人们惊讶地发现，他的财富将被用于物理、化学、生理学或医学奖、文学奖和和平奖。名词surprise表示“令人吃惊的事物”，为可数名词，泛指，且以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。