所属成套资源:高考英语三轮冲刺查补易混易错点 (含解析)
高考英语三轮冲刺查补易混易错点06 完形填空 (含解析)
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这是一份高考英语三轮冲刺查补易混易错点06 完形填空 (含解析),共41页。
查补易混易错06 完形填空(全国卷)
年份
卷别
体裁
主题内容
考点发布
2022年
全国卷
乙卷
说明文
孩子们捉迷藏时坚持相互承认和尊重
动词7 名词 7 形容词4
副词2 动词短语1
甲卷
记叙文
讲述了两个爱狗人士是怎么从相知、相爱到相伴的
动词9 名词6 形容词3 副词1
介词短语1
2021年
全国卷
乙卷
夹叙夹议
女患者表达感激之情
动词9 名词7 形容词1 副词2
动词短语1
甲卷
记叙文
作者住酒店的经历
动词10 名词5 形容词4
副词1
【题型说明】
高考完形填空遵循“考查考生综合理解、灵活用语言知识的能力,突出考查考生在语篇情中依据上下文灵活运用词能力”这一原则,在一篇内容完整的文章中有目的地挖出一些词汇或短语,要求考生在上下文信息被隔断的情况下对文章进行阅读、通过利用基础知识、阅读能力、思维能力和判断能力对每个空白处的备选选项作出最合理的分析,从而选出最佳选项,使文章主旨鲜明、逻辑严密、内容完整。选文涉及的体有记叙文、说明文和议论文,且全国卷设空数为20空,选篇幅一般介于250----300词。
【命题分析】
从近几年的高考完形填空试题来看,文章在体裁上多以记叙文为主。文章故事性强,同时融了一些人物的心理活动描写和就某些现象所进行的议论,从而使文章内容更加丰富多样。这就要求考生既要完整地把握故事情节,又要有很好的逻辑思能力。从文章中所挖空来看,空缺词以实词为主,其中重点考查动词、名词、形容词和副词;而介词、连词等虚词所占比重很小。
关注选项词性,阐述解题技巧
高考英语的完型填空选文文体以记叙文为主,议论文或其他文体为辅。文章选择严谨,词汇选择标准,逻辑关系清晰。因此在标准的框架要求之下,要求考生除了树立篇章意识,更要求考生具有根据文章片段进行合理逻辑推理的能力。而要具备较强的推理判断能力,下一步的关注点就要下移到选项词性上,关注选项词性,训练相对应解题思路,提高正确率。
01动词选项
动词(动词短语)是完形填空选项中的重中之重,涉及动词考点的解题思路可以分为关注动作相关搭配,理解动词确切含义关和关注动作顺序和这三类。
1. 动作相关搭配
动作的相关搭配是动词选项中最常见的考法,难度相对简单。考生需顺应语境,翻译准确,根据空前的主语、空后的宾语或者空后的介词选择相匹配的动词选项。对学生的解题要求就是篇章语义理解准确。
2. 动词确切含义
动词确切含义本质上仍属于第一点动作相关搭配,之所以此处要单独强调动作的确切含义,是因为考生受汉语思维影响,对于中英理解有差异的重点动词极易理解偏差,从而选错。这类动词空在考试过程中错误率很高,也是教师平时在教学过程分中应重点强调复习的方向。
【全国II卷56题】Just last year, I was 56 a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door.
56. A. observing B. preparing
C. designing D. conducting
此题的错误选项集中在B项。当我在......讲习班的时候有人敲门。正确答案是D项。按照翻译,多数学生在此空直接选择B项prepare,当我正在准备研习班时有人敲门,词性搭配可以翻译通顺。但下句有提示词teaching,说明作者当时是在上课而非准备。此时出现的问题是,大部分学生在背单词时,conduct的含义仅局限于课本Musician单元中出现的指挥(音乐),并不知晓conduct的英文释义还有 to organize and/or do a particular activity,组织;安排;实施;执行的含义,从而导致错选,此题的错误原因是常考重点动词的含义的掌握不到位。
下一个例题的错选则是明显受汉语思维影响而导致。
【全国I卷中46题】In the store, I asked each of my kids to pick something they thought our “ friend ” there would 46
46. A. order B. supply C. appreciate D. discover
此题正确选项为C,错误选项集中在A项。笔者的学生在做此篇完型时有90%学生立刻排除掉了C项。按照C项答案翻译,我让每个孩子都挑出一些我们的“朋友”可能会感激的物品。按照汉语思维,学生们的普遍理解是“感激”太过于刻意,好像这家人是故意为了让失业的朋友对他们怀有感激不尽之情才去帮他。此时appreciate的英文含义为 to be grateful for sth. that sb had done; to welcome sth. 放在此篇语境中,理解为to welcome会更容易理解,一家人其实是在挑选这位失业“朋友”可能会需要的东西,能真正帮到他的,而非学生理解的一定要让他感激涕零。从此空可以看出试题命题的初衷是要求学生用英语思维去理解文章,内化语言运用能力,而非仅仅是识记汉语意思。
通过分析这两个片段例子,教师可以在之后的教学中适当扩充重点单词含义,并且使用英语释义,重在培养学生英语思维,提高考生的语言能力。
3. 关注动作顺序
(1)关注动作顺序即为在阅读文章的过程中遇到一个动词空,前后有连续性动作的动词,那么此空要重点思考动作的前后顺序,逻辑关系,以及动作之后搭配的宾语,能构成合乎逻辑的连贯动作。
【全国I卷47题】Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器) . Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.
47. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled
此句可以看出连贯动词,pulled over,set,然后是设空项,搭配动作承受者灭火器。按照翻译,Larry靠边停车,刹车,然后怎么样灭火器,最后大火被扑灭。观察选项,搭配灭火器合理的有A、B两项,拿起灭火器或者准备灭火器。按照正常动作习惯顺序,停车,刹车,空一个动作之后灭火,这中间搭配最为合理的应该是拿起灭火器,紧接着后果是大火被扑灭,而不是准备灭火器。若是准备灭火器,之后还应该再有动作出现,文章发展才能合理。所以可以排除干扰选项B项。
又例如 全国I卷错误率极高的动词短语54题:At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, 54 land of low growing plants. Further up, the weather changes—low clouds envelope the mountains, which are covered with thick grass.
54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D.giving way to
按照语法长难句角度来分析,54空是现在分词作结果状语。从动作逻辑上可以看出,前文提到的底部雨林在3000米的时候突然结束,让步于低矮生长的灌木丛,继续往上气候改变,云层笼罩着群山,进入草甸地带。这三句话呈现出了一系列地形变化,那么54空就应该选择一个体现变化的短语。give way to并不是高中阶段的重点短语,学生可能会因倍感生疏而产生犹豫,但是A、C项是高中重点识记短语,完全无法和语境产生联系。B、D项可以根据字面意思得知基本含义,只要把握住语段动作顺序,思路中明确“变化”这一主题,大胆选择,细心求证,还是可以作对的。
(2)关注动作顺序第二种情况是关注完型填空文章中出现的过去完成时。过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,时态本身就带有动作前后的对比。在全国卷中的出现频率较高,而且出现过去完成时的句子定会在此句或此句前后进行设空。设空的重点不在于语法考查,而是在于让考生运用过去完成时分析文章脉络。
在设空有两种方向:一种是设动词空,另一种是设其他词性,涉及名词,形容词或副词,无论哪一种情况,都需要仔细分析动作顺序才能选出正确答案。此处列举第一种情况,动词选项。
【全国II卷54题】When they showed up for their Sunday game, they were completely different. They had begun to integrate (融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had 54 the day before into their game.
54. A. seen B. known C. heard D. read
结合上一句语境,孩子们周六比赛的表现已经大不相同。她们已经开始把她们怎么样的比赛方法和团队合作融入到自己的比赛当中。单从动词搭配来考虑,看到、知道、听到、读到的比赛经验都可以,但联系语境the day before和过去完成时所体现的动作顺序,说明他们在周六就进行了比赛,句子的线索是她们在周六比赛中怎么样了比赛经验和团队合作,所以导致周日的表现是完全不同的,那么根据语境得知孩子们周六和强队比赛的过程中是看到对方的比赛经验,所以借鉴学习,自然可以得出A选项,而不是其他动作不直观的选项。
02名词选项
名词选项的难度次于动词,主要解题思路原词复现和内容复现两类。原词复现顾名思义,通过语境线索可以找到原词进行选择,考生养成良好的做题习惯,不急不躁,正确率可以保证。内容复现是指设空出与上下文中的某句或片段呼应,根据呼应处的解释即可选出正确选项,重在考查的还是语篇理解能力,切不可就句看句,就段看段。
例如2020年全国I卷44题,The kid apparently know the 44 . But our insisting it’s merely a window has kept them from attempting millions of requests to open the door.
只从这一段前后语句中很容易陷入自己的思维定式中,选择danger或者method,认为孩子们知道爬出窗外的危险,或者爬出窗外的办法。实际解题思路要等到下一段53空之后的句子中才能看到,I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. what引导的宾语从句可以得知孩子们其实是知道真相的,进而推出44空应选择的是D项truth。
03形容词和副词
形容词的解题重在考查形容词的感情色彩或上下文语义逻辑。感情色彩需要正确把握语篇感情,通篇基调把握准了,正确率可以保证。上下文语义逻辑会侧重考查形容词意思和搭配,匹配文意,重在积累。副词的设空在高考卷中多考查逻辑关系,常见词有:instead; thus; however; lastly等。看到这类词时仔细研读设空处前后句子,分析逻辑关系。同样,副词也会考查感情色彩,根据文章基调,关注副词前后修饰的动词即可。此外,在平时的训练中关注、体会、利用好副词,还可以帮助考生做对其他词性设空。
【2020年全国I卷59题】I should just 59 repeatedly having to say, “No. We can’t go outside now.”
59空虽然考查动词,但是前后的just和repeatedly都体现出作者的一种无奈心情,不想和孩子说谎,就不得不接受一次又一次地对孩子进行教育,进而选出59空accept。
(一)
(2022年全国高考甲卷真题)You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___1___ was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___2___. When I first dated Steve, I ___3___ he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___4___ that he was an animal lover, I ___5___ that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___6___, the cat.
The next week we ___7___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___8___, Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___9___? He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. ______10______, I began to fall for him.
We ______11______ to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her ______12______. I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly ______13______ climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve ______14______ his house. All worked ______15______. The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, ______16______ Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team ______17______ for Tilly. We made good housemates.
A year later, much to my ______18______, this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I ______19______ him to. That’s only for giving ______20______ to the dogs that brought us together.
1.A.ownership B.membership C.companionship D.leadership
2.A.reservations B.expectations C.confidence D.prejudice
3.A.feared B.doubted C.hoped D.learned
4.A.unsatisfied B.amused C.terrified D.thrilled
5.A.predicted B.worried C.regretted D.insisted
6.A.Flora B.Chance C.Molly D.Tilly
7.A.tied B.walked C.bathed D.fed
8.A.breath B.balance C.attention D.imagination
9.A.calm B.sure C.soon D.real
10.A.By the way B.In that case C.By all means D.In that moment
11.A.continued B.decided C.intended D.pretended
12.A.eye B.tail C.ear D.leg
13.A.secretly B.constantly C.eventually D.unwillingly
14.A.left B.sold C.suggested D.searched
15.A.late B.hard C.fine D.free
16.A.emptied B.respected C.occupied D.discovered
17.A.looking B.caring C.waiting D.calling
18.A.delight B.credit C.interest D.disadvantage
19.A.beg B.trust C.need D.aid
20.A.toys B.awards C.food D.water
【参考答案】
1. C 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.D
11.A 12.D 13.B 14.C 15.C 16.B 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.D
【语篇解读】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了,作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很多,作者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起,去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会,但有所保留,因为一次遛狗时史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝,作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生爱意,在之后的接触中,史蒂夫和作者一起照顾作者的爱犬,一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。
【详情解析】
1.【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意:它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。A. ownership所有权;B. membership会员;C. companionship陪伴;D. leadership领导。根据“keep my loneliness at bay”可知,此处是指它们的陪伴。故选C。
2.【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意:去年,我开始约会,但有所保留。A. reservations保留;B. expectations期望;C. confidence信心;D. prejudice偏见。根据后文“three dogs were perhaps too many”(三条狗可能太多了)可知,此处是指“我”一开始有所顾忌和保留。故选A。
3.【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时,我得知他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫。A. feared恐惧;B. doubted怀疑;C. hoped希望;D. learned了解到。根据“he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora”可知,此处是指了解到这一情况。故选D。
4.【D】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者,但我担心三条狗可能太多了,我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. unsatisfied不满意的;B. amused愉快的;C. terrified害怕的;D. thrilled非常开心的。根据前文“For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance.”(多年来,我喜欢和我的狗——蒂莉和吉斯——一起生活。)可知,“我”很高兴他是一个动物爱好者。故选D。
5.【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者,但我担心三条狗可能太多了,我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. predicted预测;B. worried担心;C. regretted后悔;D. insisted坚持。根据“three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack”可知,此处是指“我”很担心。故选B。
6.【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意:虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者,但我担心三条狗可能太多了,我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. Flora弗洛拉;B. Chance查恩斯;C. Molly莫莉;D. Tilly蒂莉。根据前文“he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora”可知,此处是指担心“我”的狗攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。故选A。
7.【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意:第二周,我们一起遛狗。A. tied系;B. walked牵着(动物)走;C. bathed沐浴;D. fed喂养。根据后文“When we paused”可知,此处是指一起遛狗。故选B。
8.【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我们停下来休息时,史蒂夫单膝跪下。A. breath呼吸;B. balance平衡;C. attention注意力;D. imagination想象。根据“Steve got down on one knee”可知,此处是指停下来休息。 故选A。
9.【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我也喜欢他,但这么快?A. calm冷静的;B. sure确定的;C. soon很快的;D real真正的。根据前文“Was he proposing (求婚)?”(他是在求婚吗?)可知,此处是指约会的第二周就求婚太快了。故选C。
10.【D】考查介词短语辨析。句意:就在那一刻,我开始爱上他。A. By the way顺便说一句;B. In that case那样的话;C. By all means务必;D. In that moment那一刻。根据前文“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs.”(他从瓶子里把水倒在手里,递给我的狗。)可知,此处是指就在那一刻“我”开始爱上他。故选D。
11.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们继续约会,虽然我们都没有提到未来。A. continued继续;B. decided决定;C. intended打算;D. pretended假装。根据“though neither of us brought up the future”可知,此处是指“我”们继续约会。故选A。
12.【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意:11月下旬,Tilly的腿做了一次手术。A. eye眼睛;B. tail尾巴;C. ear耳朵;D. leg腿。根据后文“climbing the stairs could reopen the wound”(爬楼梯会让伤口重新裂开)可知,此处是指Tilly的腿做了一次手术。故选D。
13.【B】考查副词词义辨析。句意:我一天带狗出去四次,我担心Tilly不断地爬楼梯会使伤口重新裂开。A. secretly秘密地;B. constantly不断地;C. eventually最终;D. unwillingly不情愿地。根据前文“I took the dogs out four times a day”(我每天带狗出去四次)可知,此处是指不断地爬楼梯。故选B。
14.【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后史蒂夫建议去他家。A. left离开;B. sold卖;C. suggested建议,推荐;D. searched搜寻。根据后文“We made good housemates.”(我们成了很好的室友。)可知,此处是指史蒂夫建议去他家。故选C。
15.【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一切都很好。A. late晚的;B. hard困难的;C. fine好的;D. free自由的。根据后文“We made good housemates.”(我们成了很好的室友。)可知,此处是指一切都很好。故选C。
16.【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这三条狗组成了一个团队,在训练下,尊重Flora的空间;史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. emptied清空;B. respected尊重;C. occupied占据;D. discovered发现。根据后文“We made good housemates.”(我们成了很好的室友。)可知,此处是指狗狗们会尊重猫咪的空间。故选B。
17.【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这三条狗组成了一个团队,在训练下,尊重Flora的空间;史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. looking看;B. caring照顾;C. waiting等待;D. calling打电话。根据前文“Tilly had an operation”可知,此处是指史蒂夫和“我”一起照顾Tilly。故选B。
18.【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意:一年后,令我非常高兴的是,这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚。A. delight高兴;B. credit信用;C. interest兴趣;D. disadvantage缺点。根据“this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me”可知,此处是指“我”很高兴。故选A。
19.【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他没有跪下,我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求;B. trust信任;C. need需要;D. aid帮助。根据nor和“He did not kneel (跪) down”可知,此处是指“我”也不需要他跪下。故选C。
20.【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意:正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起。A. toys玩具;B. awards奖励;C. food食物;D. water水。根据“brought us together”和前文“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs.”可知,此处是指给爱犬喝水的举动。故选D。
(二)
(2022年全国高考乙卷真题)Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___23___.
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology ___26___ that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.Each ___27___ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___28___. We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same _____30_____ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: _____31_____ children said that they couldn’t _____32_____ to her.
A number of _____33_____ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects _____34_____ the questions and knew _____35_____ what was asked of them. Their _____36_____ to the questions reflected their true _____37_____ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply _____38_____ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our _____39_____ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method _____40_____ when others use it.
21.A.following B.taking C.escaping D.directing
22.A.clever B.bad C.scared D.quick
23.A.exposed B.examined C.untouched D.imbalanced
24.A.supported B.guaranteed C.imagined D.interpreted
25.A.disappointing B.mixed C.surprising D.desired
26.A.explained B.confirmed C.contradicted D.tested
27.A.parent B.child C.researcher D.doctor
28.A.feet B.nose C.hands D.ears
29.A.see B.help C.reach D.fool
30.A.event B.thing C.action D.accident
31.A.Yet B.Now C.Soon D.Once
32.A.speak B.listen C.turn D.wave
33.A.instructions B.descriptions C.experiments D.assumptions
34.A.comprehended B.predicted C.explored D.ignored
35.A.partly B.honestly C.vaguely D.exactly
36.A.responses B.approaches C.contribution D.sensitivity
37.A.ability B.belief C.identity D.purpose
38.A.hold back B.relate to C.insist on D.make up
39.A.limitations B.requirements C.theories D.findings
40.A.tentative B.impressive C.creative D.effective
【参考答案】
21. C 22.B 23.A 24.D 25.C 26.C 27.B 28.D 29.A 30.B
31.B 32.A 33.C 34.A 35.D 36.A 37.B 38.C 39.D 40.D
【语篇解读】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时,只遮住自己的眼睛并不是自我中心主义的结果,而是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重。
【详情解析】
21.【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意:对他们来说,避开别人的目光,让自己无法被别人看到,这是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。A. following跟随;B. taking取走;C. escaping避开;D. directing指导。根据上文“Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”(全球的孩子们享受玩捉迷藏的游戏)可知,儿童喜欢玩捉迷藏,避开别人的目光。故选C项。
22.【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:然而,我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不善于隐藏。A. clever聪明的;B. bad不擅长的;C. scared害怕的;D. quick快的。根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”(他们通常只是用手盖住自己的眼睛,身体的其他部分露在外面)可知,儿童不擅长隐藏,be bad at sth.表示“不擅长某事”。故选B项。
23.【A】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们通常只用手遮住眼睛,其余的身体暴露在外。A. exposed无遮蔽的;B. examined已检查过的;C. untouched未受影响的;D. imbalanced失衡的。根据上文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies” (他们通常只是用手盖住自己的眼睛,身体的其他部分露在外面)可知,儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛,身体的其余部分无遮蔽,是暴露在外的。故选A项。
24.【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意:长期以来,这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物的证据。A. supported支持;B. guaranteed保证;C. imagined想象;D. interpreted解释。根据本句中的that从句内容“evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures.”并结合上文语境可知,此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为证据,证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选D项。
25.【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. disappointing令人失望的;B. mixed混合的;C. surprising令人惊讶的;D. desired渴望的。根据下文“Our 39 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism.”(我们的39 建议当一个孩子用毯子盖住头来隐藏时,这并不是自我中心的结果)可知,研究结果与之前孩子们自我中心的观点相矛盾,所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选C项。
26.【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意:但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. explained解释;B. confirmed证实;C. contradicted相矛盾;D. tested测试。根据下文“Our 39 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method _ 40 _ when others use it.”(我们的39 建议当一个孩子用毯子盖住头来隐藏时,这并不是自我中心的结果)可知,研究结果与之前的观点是相矛盾的。故选C项。
27.【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意:每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起,成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. parent父母亲;B. child儿童;C. researcher研究员;D. doctor医生。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”(我们把一些2到4岁的孩子带到我们在USC的思维发展实验室)可知,儿童参加实验,此处表示每个儿童和一个成年人坐在一起。故选B项。
28.【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意:每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起,成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. feet脚;B. nose鼻子;C. hands手;D. ears耳朵。根据下文“We then asked the child if she could 29 or or hear the adult”(我们之后问孩子是否能或者听到大人的声音)可知,实验中,儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音,所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。故选D项。
29.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后我们问儿童是否能看到或听到成年人的声音。A. see看见;B. help帮助;C. reach到达;D. fool欺骗。根据上文“Each 27 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 28 .”(每个孩子和遮住了眼睛和耳朵的大人坐在一起)可知,成年人遮住了自己的眼睛,所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。故选A项。
30.【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时,同样的事情发生了:此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. event大事;B. thing事情;C. action行动;D. accident事故。根据下文“children said that they couldn’t _32_ to her.” (此刻孩子们说他们不能和她_32_)可知,发生了与前面孩子们不能看见大人类似的事情,即孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选B项。
31.【B】考查副词词义辨析。句意:当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时,同样的事情发生了:此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. Yet然而;B. Now此刻;C. Soon很快;D. Once一次。根据语境,此处表示当成年人捂住自己的嘴时,此刻孩子们说不能和成年人说话了,强调当下。故选B项。
32.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时,同样的事情发生了:此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. speak说;B. listen听;C. turn转;D. wave挥手。根据上文“when the adult covered her own mouth” (大人的嘴巴被盖住了)可知,由于盖住的是嘴巴,因此同样的事情则是孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选A项。
33.【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意:许多实验排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题。A. instructions命令;B. descriptions说明;C. experiments实验;D. assumptions假设。根据语境,此处表示上文中的许多实验排除了孩子们会误解问题这一情况。故选C项。
34.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:结果很清楚:我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题,并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. comprehended理解;B. predicted预测;C. explored探索;D. ignored忽略。根据下文“ and knew _35_ what was asked of them”(我们年轻的主人公们理解了问题并且知道自己被问了什么)可知,只有先理解了才能能确切地知道自己被问了什么。故选A项。
35.【D】考查副词词义辨析。句意:结果很清楚:我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题,并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. partly部分地;B. honestly诚实地;C. vaguely含糊地;D. exactly确切地。根据下文“Their 36 to the questions reflected their true _37_ ”(他们的 36 反映了他们真实的_37_)可知,只有确切地知道自己被问了什么,才能说他们的答案反映他们真实的看法。故选D项。
36.【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法:“只有你也能看到我,我才能看到你。”A. responses回答;B. approaches方法;C. contribution贡献;D. sensitivity敏感性。根据上文可知,正是通过对孩子们进行提问来进行的,孩子们自然要对问题做出回答和回应可知,此处指孩子们对于问题的回答。故选A项。
37.【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法:“只有你也能看到我,我才能看到你。”A. ability能力;B. belief看法;C. identity身份;D. purpose目的。根据上下文可知这个在思维实验室进行的实验的目的正是为了研究孩子们的思维方式,通过回答与大人的互动有关的问题,他们的回答反映的他们的真正的看法。故选B项。
38.【C】考查动词短语辨析。句意:他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。A. hold back阻止;B. relate to有关联;C. insist on坚持;D. make up弥补。根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”(只有你也能看到我,我才能看到你)可知,孩子们的看法体现了他们坚持相互的承认和尊重。故选C项。
39.【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们的研究结果表明,当孩子在头上盖一条毯子“隐藏”时,这并不是自我中心主义的结果。A. limitations限制;B. requirements必要条件;C. theories理论;D. findings检验发现。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”(我们把一些2到4岁的孩子带到我们在USC的思维发展实验室)可知,结合前文讲了实验的一些经过可知,此处表示实验的研究发现,故选D项。
40.【D】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:事实上,当其他人使用这种方法时,孩子们认为它是有效的。A. tentative实验性的;B. impressive令人印象深刻的;C. creative创造性的;D. effective有效的。根据上文“They simply 38 mutual recognition and regard.”(他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重)可知,孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重,他们自己使用这种方法,所以当其他人也使用这种方法时,孩子会认为它是有效的。故选D项。
(三)
(2023届广西南宁·市高中毕业班第一次适应性测试英语试题)Corion Evans, a 19-year-old boy, was hanging out with friends in a parking area below a Mississippi highway in July. ___1___, a car with three girls inside slipped off a boat ramp(坡道), dropping into the Pascagoula River. It rested some 20 feet from land, then___2___. Corion wondered why they just drove into the water and later learned that the driver had followed ___3___ directions from her GPS.
It was around 11:30 p.m. In the___4___, Corion and his friends could barely___5___ the girls holding on to the roof, the only part of the car still___6___ water. But they could hear them screaming. Corion___7___his shirt and shoes, put his phone down, then___8___into the water. He helped the first girl and led her to ___9___.
Just then, Police Officer Garry Mercer arrived. He jumped into the river to help another girl. However, halfway back to the___10___, she panicked and went underwater, ___11___ Mercer down with her.
Corion jumped___12___into the water and helped them until they could stand. “If he hadn’t been there, who knows?” Mercer told the Washington Post.
Cora Watson, who could not swim, was still___13___in the water to take a breath, feeling ___14___.
Watson said, “I just knew my ___15___ breath was coming and my mind told me that I was slowly___16___ myself.” She began to go under. “fortunately, Corion had____17____me.”
The three girls were taken to the hospital and released. They’re alive because Corion Evans risked his ___18___to save them.
Corion Evans was honored for his___19___by the mayor. “Corion broke his curfew(宵禁), but I’m not mad,” his mother Marquita told the Post. “He had a good___20___.”
1.A.Certainly B.Actually C.Definitely D.Suddenly
2.A.left B.burned C.sank D.rushed
3.A.exact B.wrong C.opposite D.extra
4.A.darkness B.crowd C.silence D.shadow
5.A.take out B.bring out C.point out D.make out
6.A.in B.above C.under D.off
7.A.removed B.exchanged C.delivered D.replaced
8.A.escaped B.walked C.dived D.crashed
9.A.peace B.recovery C.health D.safety
10.A.bank B.shelter C.ship D.bridge
11.A.carrying B.dragging C.catching D.pushing
12.A.across B.up C.back D.forward
13.A.struggling B.striking C.searching D.wandering
14.A.annoyed B.scared C.relieved D.relaxed
15.A.deep B.precious C.only D.last
16.A.behaving B.abandoning C.losing D.helping
17.A.grabbed B.touched C.followed D.felt
18.A.time B.life C.fortune D.opportunity
19.A.thoughts B.attitudes C.actions D.words
20.A.view B.chance C.fame D.reason
【参考答案】
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.D 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.B 15.D 16.C 17.A 18.B 19.C 20.D
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇记叙文,文章主要讲述了19岁的Corion Evans和朋友在密西西比州高速公路下帕斯卡古拉河边的停车场闲逛时, 偶然遇到了一辆载有三个女孩的轿车掉进河里, Corion见此情景,立即跳入水中英勇救人的故事。
【详情解析】
1.【D】考查副词词义辨析。句意:突然一辆载着三个女孩的轿车冲出用来拖船下水的坡道,掉进Pascagoula河里。A. Certainly当然,肯定;B. Actually实际上;C. Definitely明确地;D. Suddenly突然。根据上文“Corion Evans, a 19-year-old boy, was hanging out with friends”可知,Corion Evans和朋友正在闲逛时,突然一辆轿车冲出用来拖船下水的坡道,掉进河里,suddenly符合语境,故选D。
2.【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意:它掉进距离陆地大约 20 英尺的水里,然后沉下去了。A. left离开;B. burned 燃烧;C. sank下沉;D. rushed冲。根据上文“dropping into the Pascagoula River”可知, 汽车掉进河里,接着应是下沉,故选C。
3.【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Corion很好奇她们怎么就这么开进了水里,后来才了解到是司机按照导航的错误方向行驶导致的。A. exact准确的,精确的;B. wrong错误的;C. opposite相反的;D. extra额外的。结合语境可知,汽车开进河里应是导航错误,故选B。
4.【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意:黑暗中,Corion和他的朋友们只能勉强辨认出几个女孩抓住车顶的样子,那是汽车唯一露出水面的部分。A. darkness黑暗;B. crowd人群;C. silence沉默;D. shadow阴影。根据上一句“It was around 11:30 p.m.(时间是晚上11:30)”可知,晚上11:30周围应是黑漆漆的,故选A。
5.【D】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. take out取出;B. bring out出版,生产;C. point out指出;D. make out辨认出。根据空后“the girls holding on to the roof”可知,由于黑暗,Corion和他的朋友们只能模糊地看到女孩们抓住车顶的景象,make out“辨认出”符合语境,故选D。
6.【B】考查介词词义辨析。句意同上。A. in在……里面;B. above在……上面;C. under在……下面;D. off从……离开。根据语境可知,车从坡道划下,落入水中后不断下沉,此时车顶应该是汽车唯一还露在水面上的部分。故选B。
7.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:Corion脱下他的衬衫和鞋子,放下手机,然后跳进水里。A. removed脱下,去除;B. exchanged交换;C. delivered发表,递送;D. replaced替换。根据语境及下文“He helped the first girl and led her to ___9___ .”可知,在危急关头,Corion脱掉衣服鞋子,立即跳到水里救人。故选A。
8.【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. escaped逃跑;B. walked走路;C. dived跳水,下潜;D. crashed碰撞。根据语境可知,Corion脱掉衣服鞋子,立即跳到水里救人。故选C。
9.【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他跳到水里帮助第一个女孩,把她带到了安全的地方。A. peace和平,平静;B. recovery恢复;C. health健康;D. safety安全的地方/场所。根据“He helped the first girl”及语境可知,Corion 跳到水里帮助第一个女孩,把她带到了安全的地方。故选D。
10.【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意:然而,在返回河岸的半路上,她惊慌失措,沉入水下,把Mercer也拖下了水。A. bank河堤,河岸;B. shelter遮蔽,庇护;C. ship船;D. bridge桥。根据上一句“He jumped into the river to help another girl.(他跳进水里去帮助另一个女孩)”可知,警官Garry Mercer跳进水里去救另一个女孩,此处是指在他把女孩带到岸边的半路上被拖下水,故选A。
11.【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. carrying携带;B. dragging拖,拽;C. catching抓住;D. pushing推。根据语境可知,在返回岸边的半路上,女孩惊慌失措,把警官Mercer也一起拖下了水底。故选B。
12.【C】考查副词词义辨析。句意:Corion跳回水中帮助他们,直到他们能站起来为止。A. across横穿;B. up向上;C. back回原处;D. forward向前。根据语境可知,已经返回岸边的Corion见此情景,又跳回河里去救助第二位女孩和警察。jumped back into the river 跳回河里。故选C。
13.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:Cora Watson不会游泳,她还在水里挣扎着喘着气,感到很害怕。A. struggling挣扎;B. striking撞击;C. searching搜寻;D. wandering漫游,徘徊。根据“who could not swim”可知,第三个女孩Cora Watson不会游泳,所以她在水里挣扎,努力地想喘上一口气。故选A。
14.【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. annoyed恼怒的;B. scared惊恐的,恐惧的;C. relieved宽慰的;D. relaxed放松的。根据语境可知,不会游泳的Cora Watson此时应是感到非常害怕,故选B。
15.【D】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Watson说:“我只知道我的最后一口气就要来了,我的大脑告诉我,我就要慢慢失去自己了。”A. deep深的;B. precious珍贵的;C. only唯一的,仅有的;D. last最后的。此处是还在水里挣扎的女孩的心理活动,指她知道自己快要无法呼吸了,所以是my last breath“我的最后一口气”。故选D。
16.【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. behaving表现;B. abandoning遗弃;C. losing丢失,失去;D. helping帮助。此处接上文的心理活动,指“我的大脑告诉我:你就快要失去自己(死去)了”, lose myself 原意为“迷失自己;失去自我”,此处 I was slowly losing myself 可理解为“我快要死了”。故选C。
17.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:“幸运的是,Corion抓住了我。” A. grabbed抓住;B. touched触碰;C. followed跟随;D. felt感觉。根据语境及“fortunately”可知,此处指正当Cora Watson继续往下沉的时候,Corion及时赶到,抓住了她,并将她救起。故选A。
18.【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意:她们能活下来是因为Corion Evans冒着生命危险救了她们。A. time时间;B. life生命;C. fortune财富,运气;D. opportunity机会。根据上文内容可知,Corion多次跳入水中救人,所以她们还能活着是因为Corion冒着生命危险救了她们。risk one’s life冒着生命危险。故选B。
19.【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意:Corion Evans因他的行为受到市长的嘉奖。A. thoughts想法;B. attitudes态度;C. actions行为;D. words说的话。根据上文内容可知,Corion因为他英勇救人的行为而获得了市长的嘉奖。故选C。
20.【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意:“Corion违反了他的宵禁,但我没有生气,”他的母亲Marquita告诉《华盛顿邮报》。“他有很好的理由。” A. view观点;B. chance机会;C. fame名声;D. reason原因。根据语境可知,妈妈觉得Corion的英勇行为恰巧给了他违反宵禁一个好理由,此处妈妈的话略带调侃的成分。故选D。
(四)
(2023届江西省八所重点中学高三3月份联考英语试题)Beep! Beep! Beep! I rolled over and turned off my alarm clock. It was still ____21____ outside so I turned on the light. I got dressed quickly because I knew both of my dogs would be ____22____ to get outside for their morning walk. I reached over to grab a ____23____ and stopped. It was technically still fall but the ____24____ here in the Appalachian mountains of my home didn’t follow the ____25____. It had been cold and snowy two days ago and chilly and rainy yesterday. I had forgotten to ____26____ the weather report for today, however, so I wasn’t sure if I ___27___ my light jacket or my heavy coat.
I ____28____ my light jacket, pulled it on and leashed up my bigger dog. I opened the door and stepped outside. Instantly I knew I had made the ____29____ choice. Each breath I exhaled was a frozen mist. The wind chill was bitter cold. The grass was covered in _____30_____ and I tried to keep my _____31_____ while my dog dragged me along behind him.
I shivered (打寒颤) and _____32_____ a bit but finally turned my head up to the heavens. I looked up at the _____33_____sky and saw it was full of twinkling stars. It was so beautiful and so peaceful. _____34_____, I felt a warmth inside of me and _____35_____ shivering. While my dog sniffed the ground, I opened my heart to the _____36_____ of nature’s creation. In all of its sweet seasons it had never _____37_____ to touch my soul. It had heated my heart on the coldest days and ____38____ my spirit on the darkest nights.
Our lives here are full of sweet _____39_____ as well. From the innocence and youth of Spring to the wisdom and wrinkles of Winter. _____40_____ all your sweet seasons. Make each day a creation of your love.
21.A.rainy B.dark C.cold D.snowy
22.A.curious B.afraid C.eager D.able
23.A.coat B.bite C.leash D.flashlight
24.A.temperature B.condition C.environment D.weather
25.A.method B.path C.plan D.calendar
26.A.check B.forecast C.test D.provide
27.A.removed B.needed C.packed D.washed
28.A.tried on B.decided on C.relied on D.focused on
29.A.difficult B.ideal C.wrong D.safe
30.A.water B.mud C.dust D.frost
31.A.patience B.balance C.distance D.promise
32.A.complained B.smiled C.suffered D.doubted
33.A.pre-dusk B.mid-night C.pre-dawn D.post-dawn
34.A.Actually B.Suddenly C.Effortlessly D.Generally
35.A.avoided B.regretted C.stopped D.continued
36.A.wonder B.reality C.signal D.challenge
37.A.offered B.refused C.intended D.failed
38.A.found B.admired C.reflected D.lighted
39.A.discoveries B.dreams C.seasons D.memories
40.A.Enjoy B.Examine C.Admit D.Remember
【参考答案】
22. B 22.C 23.A 24.D 25.D 26.A 27.B 28.B 29.C 30.D
31.B 32.A 33.C 34.B 35.C 36.A 37.D 38.D 39.C 40.A
【语篇解读】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我在一个寒冷的清晨带着狗去散步,当面对大自然的美景时我学会了感恩和欣赏。
【详情解析】
21.【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:外面还一片漆黑,所以我打开电灯。A. rainy多雨的;B. dark黑暗的;C. cold寒冷的;D. snowy多雪的。根据后文“so I turned on the light”可知,开灯的原因是外面天还黑着。故选B项。
22.【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我快速穿好衣服,我知道我的两条狗都急不可耐地想要出门去晨练了。A. curious好奇的;B. afraid害怕的;C. eager渴望的;D. able能够。根据前文“I got dressed quickly”可知,天还黑着我就着急穿衣服,推断出我是因为两条狗着急出门晨练,所以才穿衣服很迅速。故选C项。
23.【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我伸手去拿外套,然后楞了一下。A. coat外套;B. bite咬;C. leash牵狗绳;D. flashlight手电。根据后文“so I wasn’t sure if I ___27___ my light jacket or my heavy coat.”可知,我不知道要穿轻便夹克还是厚外套,推断出我出门的时候是要伸手去拿外套的。故选A项。
24.【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意:按道理来说现在还是晚秋可是我的家在阿拉巴契亚山脚下气候与时令迥异。A. temperature气温;B. condition状况;C. environment环境;D. weather气候。根据后文“It had been cold and snowy two days ago and chilly and rainy yesterday.”可知,在两天前下了雪而昨天却下了雨,说明气候变化无常。故选D项。
25.【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意:按道理来说现在还是晚秋可是我的家在阿拉巴契亚山脚下气候与时令迥异。A. method方法;B. path道路;C. plan计划;D. calendar日历。根据前文“It was technically still fall”及后文“It had been cold and snowy two days ago and chilly and rainy yesterday.”可知,虽然现在是秋天,但是天气不稳定,两天前在下雪昨天在下雨,说明在阿拉巴契亚山脚下气候与日历上该有的时间点不符。故选D项。
26.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:昨天我忘了查今天的天气情况了,我考虑了一下,是应该选择轻便的夹克衫还是厚外套。A. check检查;B. forecast预报;C. test测试;D. provide提供。根据后文“however, so I wasn’t sure if I ___27___ my light jacket or my heavy coat.”可知,我不确定穿轻便夹克还是厚外套的原因是我对于天气的情况不了解,推断出我忘记查看天气预报了。故选A项。
27.【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意:昨天我忘了查今天的天气情况了,我考虑了一下,是应该选择轻便的夹克衫还是厚外套。A. removed移开;B. needed需要;C. packed打包;D. washed清洗。根据前文“It had been cold and snowy two days ago and chilly and rainy yesterday.”可知,不管是下雨还是下雪,天气并不稳定,推断出作者出门需要穿外套。故选B项。
28.【B】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我决定穿夹克衫,拉好拉链,给我的大狗拴上了绳子。A. tried on试穿;B. decided on决定;C. relied on依靠;D. focused on关注。根据前文“so I wasn’t sure if I ___27___ my light jacket or my heavy coat”可知,我还在犹豫不知道选轻薄夹克还是厚外套,推断出因为要出门我最终做了决定就是穿轻便夹克。故选B项。
29.【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:很快我就明白自己做出了错误的选择。A. difficult困难的;B. ideal理想的;C. wrong错的;D. safe安全的。根据后文“Each breath I exhaled was a frozen mist. The wind chill was bitter cold.”可知,我出门发现我呼出的是薄雾,并且风寒刺,推断出轻便夹克不足以御寒,换句话说,我选择轻便夹克是个错误的选择。故选C项。
30.【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意:草地上结着一层冰霜,我不得不努力保持平衡然而我的狗在拖着我向前走。A. water水;B. mud泥土;C. dust灰尘;D. frost霜。根据前文“Each breath I exhaled was a frozen mist. The wind chill was bitter cold.”可知,天气寒冷,推断出草地上结了一层霜。故选D项。
31.【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意:草地上结着一层冰霜,我不得不努力保持平衡然而我的狗拖着我向前走。A. patience耐心;B. balance平衡;C. distance距离;D. promise承诺。根据后文“while my dog dragged me along behind him”可知,我的狗拖着我往前走说明我想要保持平衡很难。故选B项。
32.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我打了个哆嗦,忍不住抱怨了几句,但最后我仰起头看向天空。A. complained抱怨;B. smiled微笑;C. suffered遭受;D. doubted怀疑。根据前文“I shivered (打寒颤)”可知,天气太冷了,推断出我对于在这样寒冷的黎明遛狗是有抱怨的。故选A项。
33.【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我抬头看着黎明前的天空,看到满天星辰。A. pre-dusk黄昏前;B. mid-night午夜;C. pre-dawn黎明前;D. post-dawn黎明后。根据后文“and saw it was full of twinkling stars”可知,我出来的时候能看见天上的星星,说明天还没亮,推断出此时是黎明前。故选C项。
34.【B】考查副词词义辨析。句意:突然,我感到身体里面升起一股暖意并且身体不再瑟瑟发抖。A. Actually实际上;B. Suddenly突然;C. Effortlessly轻松地;D. Generally逐渐地。根据前文“I shivered (打寒颤)”及后文“I felt a warmth inside of me”可知,我之前是感到寒冷的,后来我发现身体内升起了一股暖流,推断出我这种改变是瞬间发生的,也就是突然发生的。故选B项。
35.【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意:突然,我感到身体里面升起一股暖意并且身体不再瑟瑟发抖。A. avoided避免;B. regretted后悔;C. stopped停止;D. continued继续。根据前文“I felt a warmth inside of me”可知,我身体出现了温暖,推断出我的身体不再发抖。故选C项。
36.【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我的狗嗅着地面上的气味,我敞开心扉为大自然创造的这般奇迹心存感恩。A. wonder奇迹;B. reality现实;C. signal信号;D. challenge挑战。根据前文“I looked up at the ____33____sky and saw it was full of twinkling stars. It was so beautiful and so peaceful.”可知,我看见了满天闪烁的星星是如此美丽和平静,推断出我认为这是大自然的奇迹。故选A项。
37.【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意:所有的季节都各有魅力,但是无论哪一季,都会触动我的心灵深处。A. offered提供;B. refused拒绝;C. intended打算;D. failed辜负。根据后文“It had heated my heart on the coldest days and ___38___ my spirit on the darkest nights.”可知,在最严寒的冬天自然的魅力会温暖我的心,在最深的黑夜里它也会鼓舞我的心绪,说明自然的魅力没有辜负触动我的心灵。故选D项。
38.【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意:在最严寒的冬天自然的魅力会温暖我的心,在最深的黑夜里它也会照亮我的心绪。A. found发现;B. admired羡慕;C. reflected反映;D. lighted照亮。根据“It had heated my heart on the coldest days and ___38___ my spirit on the darkest nights.”可知,自然的魅力在最寒冷的冬天会温暖我的心,推断出它在黑暗的夜晚起到的作用就是照亮我的精神。故选D项。
39.【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们的生活中也充满了甜蜜的季节。A. discoveries发现;B. dreams梦想;C. seasons季节;D. memories回忆。根据上文“In all of its sweet seasons”可知,我认为生活中充满了甜蜜的季节,此处的seasons是原词复现。故选C项。
40.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:去享受你的一生四季吧。A. Enjoy享受;B. Examine检查;C. Admit承认;D. Remember记住。根据后文“Make each day a creation of your love.”可知,让每一天都是你爱的创造,推断出我希望大家去享受生命中的每一天。故选A项。
(五)
(2023届河南五市高三下学期第一次联考英语试题)I still remember my father’s sheepish expression at breakfast the morning after he’d been invited to have dinner at a colleague’s house. ___41___ arriving in Brazil, back in the dark ages, he’d ___42___ his hosts by making a hand gesture which he had always understood to mean “OK”, but in Brazil, it meant something quite ___43___.
___44___, he’d raised his fingers to his ___45___ and made a kissing sound, which again, he meant as a way of ___46___ that something-in this case the meal he’d just been asked to___47___-was delicious.
The faux pas (失态,失礼) was___48___forgotten. My father’s colleague and his wife understood he probably wasn’t yet___49___of the local meaning of the gesture. I was ____50____of this moment myself a few months into my stay in China. After ____51____ a colleague’s WeChat message with a Van Gogh sticker that I thought meant “keep fighting”, a second colleague appeared.
“The Chinese version is a bit different,” she said, taking out her phone. “See these ____52____?” They mean “I will hit you.”
Needless to say, I didn’t use that ____53____ Van Gogh again.
Life is full of ____54____ meanings. We generally understand that even if it stings, a mistake is only an insult when it is____55____. Yet as we look around, much friction originates from ____56____, and history is full of the ____57____ outcomes of crossed communication.
My father’s faux pas was____58____ because of context-he had just arrived, he could not know, and it didn’t make sense that he’d be offensive by design. But when ____59____ is missing or differently understood—perhaps it is time we all think twice before typing or talking, especially when the consequences can be much ____60____ than the misuse of a WeChat sticker.
41.A.Gradually B.Freshly C.Eventually D.Originally
42.A.offended B.annoyed C.frightened D.defeated
43.A.essential B.serious C.different D.virtual
44.A.In fact B.As a result C.After all D.Even worse
45.A.lips B.eyes C.head D.knees
46.A.permitting B.indicating C.advocating D.sharing
47.A.go through B.reflect on C.comment on D.refer to
48.A.occasionally B.randomly C.purely D.swiftly
49.A.bearable B.aware C.confident D.generous
50.A.accused B.reminded C.informed D.convinced
51.A.replying to B.calling for C.searching for D.turning down
52.A.programmes B.miracles C.characters D.impacts
53.A.particular B.critical C.motionless D.splendid
54.A.simple B.identical C.flexible D.crossed
55.A.exceptional B.deliberate C.delicate D.vivid
56.A.hesitation B.opportunity C.misunderstanding D.competition
57.A.unlikely B.irregular C.illegal D.unfortunate
58.A.forgiven B.delivered C.hidden D.remembered
59.A.virtue B.tolerance C.context D.contradiction
60.A.better B.safer C.funnier D.severer
【参考答案】
41. B 42.A 43.C 44.D 45.A 46.B 47.C 48.D 49.B 50.B
51.A 52.C 53.A 54.D 55.B 56.C 57.D 58.A 59.C 60.D
【语篇解读】
本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己和父亲的经历说明因为存在交叉的含义,我们在交流的时候应该三思而后行。
【详情解析】
41.【B】考查副词词义辨析。句意:刚抵达巴西,就回到了黑暗时代,做了一个他一直理解为“好”的手势冒犯了他的主人,但在巴西,它的意思是完全不同的东西。A. Gradually逐渐地;B. Freshly刚刚;C. Eventually最终;D. Originally起初。根据下文“he had just arrived, he could not know可知,父亲刚刚到达巴西不知道当地的文化,做了错误的手势冒犯了主人。故选B。
42.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. offended冒犯;B. annoyed使生气;C. frightened使惊恐;D. defeated打败。根据下文“by making a hand gesture which he had always understood to mean “OK”, but in Brazil, it meant something quite 43 .”可知,作者的父亲认为自己的手势表示“好”,但是在巴西意思是不同的,因此冒犯了主人。故选A。
43.【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:刚抵达巴西,就回到了黑暗时代,做了一个他一直理解为“好”的手势冒犯了他的主人,但在巴西,它的意思是完全不同的东西。A. essential必不可少的;B. serious严肃的;C. different不同的;D. virtual虚拟的。根据上文的“but”可知,上下文是转折关系,父亲总是理解为“好”的手势在巴西意味着不同的东西。故选C。
44.【D】考查固定短语辨析。句意:更糟糕的是,他把手指举到嘴唇上,发出了亲吻的声音,同样,他的意思是表示某样东西——在这种情况下,他刚刚被要求评论的那顿饭——很美味。A. In fact实际上;B. As a result结果;C. After all毕竟;D. Even worse更糟糕地。根据下文“The faux pas (失态,失礼)”可知,父亲再次做错了手势,使得情况更糟糕。故选D。
45.【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. lips嘴唇;B. eyes眼睛;C. head头;D. knees膝盖。根据下文“made a kissing sound”可知,他把手指举到嘴边,做了一个亲吻的动作。故选A。
46.【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意:更糟糕的是,他把手指举到嘴唇上,发出了亲吻的声音,同样,他的意思是表示某样东西——在这种情况下,他刚刚被要求评论的那顿饭——很美味。A. permitting允许;B. indicating暗示;C. advocating提倡;D. sharing分享。根据下文“was delicious”可知,父亲的手势是某种的东西的暗示。故选B。
47.【C】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. go through经历;B. reflect on仔细考虑;C. comment on评论;D. refer to参考;涉及。根据前后文“he meant as a way of 46 that something was delicious.”故选C。
48.【D】考查副词词义辨析。句意:这次失礼很快就被遗忘了。A. occasionally偶尔;B. randomly随机地;C. purely纯粹地;D. swiftly迅速地。根据下文“My father’s colleague and his wife understood he probably wasn’t yet 49 of the local meaning of the gesture.”可知,父亲的同事和他的妻子明白,他可能还不知道这个手势在当地的含义,因此推断这次失礼很快被原谅忘记了。故选D。
49.【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我父亲的同事和他的妻子明白,他可能还不知道这个手势在当地的含义。A. bearable可忍受的;B. aware知道的;C. confident自信的;D. generous慷慨的。根据下文“he had just arrived, he could not know”可推断,父亲的同事和妻子认为父亲不知道这个手势在当地的意思。故选B。
50.【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意:在中国待了几个月后,我自己也想起了这一刻。A. accused控告;B. reminded使想起;C. informed告知;D. convinced使确信。根据下文“After 51 a colleague’s WeChat message with a Van Gogh sticker that I thought meant “keep fighting“, a second colleague appeared.”可知,作者在中国遇到了类似的情况,想起了父亲经历的这一刻。故选B。
51.【A】考查动词短语辨析。句意:在回复一位同事的微信消息时,我用了一张梵高的贴纸(我以为意思是“继续战斗”),接着出现了另一位同事。A. replying to回复;B. calling for需要;C. searching for搜寻;D. turning down拒绝。根据下文“with a Van Gogh sticker that I thought meant “keep fighting””可知,作者回复同事的微信信息用了贴纸。故选A
52.【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意:看见这些人物了吗?A. programmes节目;计划;B. miracles奇迹;C. characters人物;性格;D. impacts影响。根据上文“a Van Gogh sticker”可知,此处同事说的是一些人物贴纸。故选C。
53.【A】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:不用说,我没有再用那幅特别的梵高的画。A. particular特别的;B. critical极其重要的;C. motionless静止的;D. splendid极佳的;壮丽的。根据上文“with a Van Gogh sticker that I thought meant “keep fighting”,”可知,作者认为这张贴纸是特别的,用来会微信。故选A。
54.【D】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:生活中充满了交叉的意思。A. simple简单的;B. identical完全相同的;C. flexible灵活的;D. crossed交叉的。根据下文“crossed communication”可知,作者认为生活中存在交叉的意思。故选D。
55.【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们通常都明白,即使犯错很伤人,但如果是故意犯错,那也只是一种侮辱。A. exceptional卓越的;B. deliberate蓄意的;故意的;C. delicate脆弱的;D. vivid生动的。根据上文“We generally understand that even if it stings, a mistake is only an insult”可知,故意犯错被认为是侮辱。故选B。
56.【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意:然而,当我们环顾四周时,如此多的摩擦源于误解,历史充满了交叉交流的不幸结果。A. hesitation犹豫;B. opportunity机会;C. misunderstanding误解;D. competition比赛。根据上文讲述的作者和父亲的经历和下文“history is full of the 57 outcomes of crossed communication”可知,作者认为生活中存在这误解。故选C。
57.【D】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. unlikely不可能的;B. irregular无规律的;C. illegal非法的;D. unfortunate不幸的。根据上文内容和“much friction originates from 56 ”可知,这些源自误解的摩擦四不幸的。故选D。
58.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我父亲在巴西的失礼被原谅了,因为当时的环境——他刚到,他不可能知道,他故意冒犯是没有道理的。A. forgiven谅解;B. delivered递送;C. hidden躲藏;D. remembered记住。根据上文“The faux pas (失态,失礼) was 48 forgotten.”可知,父亲的失礼被谅解了。故选A。
59.【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意:但是,当上下文缺失或理解不同时——也许到了我们在打字或说话前都应该三思的时候了,尤其是当后果可能比滥用微信贴纸严重得多的时候。A. virtue美德;B. tolerance容忍;C. context上下文;D. contradiction矛盾。根据上文“because of context”可知,此处说的是上下文缺失的情况。故选C。
60.【D】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. better更好的;B. safer更安全的;C. funnier更有趣的;D. severer更严重的。根据上文“it is time we all think twice before typing or talking”可知,作者认为到了说话或者打字三思的时候了,特别是后果可能更严重的时候。故选D。
(六)
(2023届内蒙古赤峰市八校高三第一次统一考试英语试卷)Eleven days ago my brother was in an accident. We do not ____61____ know the full story, only knowing that he was on an electric scooter (电瓶车) and flew off. ____62____ on his face. He had a head injury and we had no idea if he was going to ____63____. Twenty years ago we lost our mom to a head injury so it was really ____64____ because I know what the worst can be.
My partner and I went to the hospital to ____65____ my stepmother at my brother’s bedside. My brother looked much better than I feared, so I started feeling ____66____. Then he ____67____ the nurses while they tried to clean him a little. So they sedated (打镇静剂) him in ____68____ of the recovery of his brain.
He was ____69____ the next day but his personality was off. _____70_____ severe brain damage. But I _____71_____ to wish for good luck and just thought of him living _____72_____. I just worked on feeling gratitude for his health and _____73_____.
He was _____74_____ a few days later. Yesterday, he had a doctor’s _____75_____ to do some routine examinations about two thirds of the way between our homes, so he took a bus the rest of the way and I _____76_____ him up at the bus stop. He got to see my new home and play with my cat and we _____77_____ old family pictures. His _____78_____ was 100% back to normal!
He needs to rest and not _____79_____ for a few months, but he is going to be fine. He has learned a few life lessons and the _____80_____ of cherishing life.
61.A.simply B.really C.generously D.partly
62.A.landing B.splashing C.covering D.injuring
63.A.leave B.succeed C.hurt D.survive
64.A.joyful B.impressive C.frightening D.confusing
65.A.rescue B.join C.demand D.prevent
66.A.regretful B.powerful C.hopeful D.stressful
67.A.transported B.fought C.entertained D.controlled
68.A.advance B.case C.memory D.consideration
69.A.alive B.asleep C.awake D.alike
70.A.meaning B.causing C.reducing D.improving
71.A.decided B.continued C.expected D.offered
72.A.fortunately B.calmly C.normally D.cautiously
73.A.ignorance B.failure C.achievement D.recovery
74.A.released B.delivered C.fired D.accepted
75.A.order B.appointment C.concern D.forgiveness
76.A.turned B.showed C.tied D.picked
77.A.looked through B.tore down C.learned about D.put up
78.A.confidence B.spirit C.energy D.personality
79.A.work B.addict C.search D.explore
80.A.matter B.responsibility C.significance D.business
【参考答案】
61. B 62.A 63.D 64.C 65.B 66.C 67.B 68.D 69.C 70.A
71.B 72.C 73.D 74.A 75.B 76.D 77.A 78.D 79.A 80.C
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者的哥哥在经历了事故之后,性格大变,后来慢慢康复,性格也恢复了正常。而经历了这些事之后,作者的哥哥也更加珍惜生命。
【详情解析】
61.【B】考查副词词义辨析。句意:我们并不确切地了解整个过程,只知道他骑着一辆电瓶车飞了出去,脸朝下落地。A. simply仅仅;B. really确切地;C. generously慷慨地;D. partly部分地、不完全地。根据下文的“only knowing that he was on an electric scooter (电瓶车) and flew off.”可知,作者并不确切地了解事情的真相。故选B。
62.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们真不知道整个过程,只知道他骑着一辆电瓶车飞了出去,脸朝下落地。A. landing着陆;B. splashing溅;C. covering覆盖;D. injuring伤害。根据上文的“only knowing that he was on an electric scooter (电瓶车) and flew off.”可知,作者的哥哥飞了出去,所以是脸部着陆。故选A。
63.【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他头部受伤,我们不知道他是否能活下来。A. leave离开;B. succeed成功;C. hurt伤害;D. survive幸存。根据上文“He had a head injury”可知,作者的哥哥头部受伤,所以作者等人并不知道他是否能够活下来。故选D。
64.【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:20年前,我们的母亲因头部受伤而去世,这真的很可怕,因为我知道最糟糕的情况会是什么。A. joyful高兴的;B. impressive印象深刻的;C. frightening令人害怕的;D. confusing令人困惑的。根据下文的“because I know what the worst can be.”可知,这件事很糟糕,所以是令人害怕的。故选C。
65.【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我和我的伴侣去了医院,和我的继母一起守在我哥哥的床边。A. rescue救援;B. join加入;C. demand要求;D. prevent预防、防止。根据下文的“at my brother’s bedside.”以及上文内容可知,作者的哥哥受伤入院,所以作者的继母是在守护哥哥,而作者也前来加入继母一起守护哥哥。故选B。
66.【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我哥哥看起来比我担心的要好得多,所以我开始抱有希望。A. regretful后悔的;B. powerful强大的;C. hopeful有希望的;D. stressful有压力的。根据上文可知,作者很担心哥哥的伤势,也不知道哥哥能不能活下来。而根据上文“My brother looked much better than I feared,”可知,作者的哥哥看上去要好得多,所以作者又充满了希望。故选C。
67.【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后,当护士们试着给他擦干净的时候,他打了他们。A. transported运输;B. fought打架;C. entertained娱乐、招待;D. controlled控制。根据下文“So they sedated (打镇静剂) him in ____68____ of the recovery of his brain.”可知,此时作者的哥哥很暴躁,才需要打镇静剂。由此判断,哥哥是打了医护人员。故选B。
68.【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意:因此,他们考虑到他的大脑恢复,给他注射了镇静剂。A. advance进展、前进;B. case案例;C. memory记忆;D. consideration考虑。根据上文“He had a head injury”可知,作者的哥哥脑部受伤,所以此时打镇静剂是为了脑部的康复。故选D。
69.【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:第二天他醒了,但他的性格变了,这意味着严重的脑损伤。A. alive活着的;B. asleep睡着的;C. awake醒着的;D. alike相似的。根据下文“I just worked on feeling gratitude for his health and ____73____ .”可知,作者充满感激,说明作者的哥哥醒了。故选C。
70.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:第二天他醒了,但他的性格变了,这意味着严重的脑损伤。A. meaning意味着;B. causing导致;C. reducing减少;D. improving提高。根据上文“He was ____69____ the next day but his personality was off.”可知,作者的哥哥虽然醒了,性格却发生了变化,而这意味着脑部损伤严重。故选A。
71.【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意:但我还是继续祝他好运,想着他能正常地生活。A. decided决定;B. continued继续;C. expected期待;D. offered提供。根据上文可知,作者一开始是希望哥哥能活下来,后来哥哥醒了,作者继续希望哥哥能够拥有好运。故选B。
72.【C】考查副词词义辨析。句意:但我还是继续祝他好运,想着他能正常地生活。A. fortunately幸运地;B. calmly平静地;C. normally正常地;D. cautiously谨慎地。根据上文“He was ____69____ the next day but his personality was off.”可知,作者的哥哥虽然醒了,但是性格却变了,所以作者是希望哥哥能够恢复正常。故选C。
73.【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我只是对他的健康和康复心存感激。A. ignorance忽视;B. failure失败;C. achievement成就;D. recovery康复。根据上文可知,作者的哥哥醒了过来,作者也很感激哥哥的能够健康,能够康复。故选D。
74.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:几天后他出院了。A. released出院、释放;B. delivered递送;C. fired解雇;D. accepted接受。根据下文“Yesterday, he had a doctor’s ____75____ to do some routine examinations about two thirds of the way between our homes, so he took a bus the rest of the way and I ____76____ him up at the bus stop.”可知,作者的哥哥可以出院了。故选A。
75.【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意:昨天,他约了医生在距离我们两家三分之二路程的医院做一些常规检查,所以剩下的路程他坐公共汽车去了,我在公共汽车站接他。A. order命令,顺序;B. appointment约定;C. concern担忧;D. forgiveness原谅。根据下文的“do some routine examinations”可知,作者是和医生约定好了去做检查。故选B。
76.【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意:昨天,他约了医生在距离我们两家三分之二路程的医院做一些常规检查,所以剩下的路程他坐公共汽车去了,我在公共汽车站接他。A. turned变得;B. showed展示;C. tied系;D. picked挑选;接送。pick sb. up,意为“接某人”。故选D。
77.【A】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:他参观了我的新家,和我的猫一起玩,我们一起看了以前的家庭照片。A. looked through浏览;B. tore down拆除;C. learned about了解;D. put up张贴。根据空后的宾语“old family pictures”可知,作者和哥哥一起看了以前的照片。故选A。
78.【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他的性格完全恢复正常了!A. confidence信心;B. spirit精神;C. energy能量;D. personality个性。根据上文“He was ____69____ the next day but his personality was off.”可知,作者的哥哥醒来后性格发生了变化。而此刻,他和作者一起看照片,还能和作者家的猫一起玩,说明他的性格已经正常了。故选D。
79.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他需要休息,几个月不能工作,但他会好起来的。A. work工作;B. addict使沉迷;C. search搜索;D. explore探险。根据空前的“He needs to rest”可知,作者的哥哥需要休息,所以他不能工作。故选A。
80.【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他学到了一些人生的教训,懂得了珍惜生命的意义。A. matter事件;B. responsibility责任;C. significance重要性;D. business生意。根据上文的“He has learned a few life lessons”可知,作者的哥哥有了一些人生的教训,所以他是懂得了珍惜生命的意义。故选C。
(七)
(四川省绵阳市南山中学2022-2023学年高三下学期3月月考英语试题)Priscilla Sitienei has become something of a celebrity as the oldest primary school student in Kenya. At 98, she sits in class alongside some of the pupils she helped bring into the ____81____.
Sitienei, who comes from the remote village of Ndalat in Nandi County, had always wanted to become a(n)____82____. Though that____83____ never came her way, she instead used her traditionally learned skills to help mothers deliver their babies safely at home. Still, she never____84____ her dream to get an education. Giving her a dose of inspiration was a(n)____85____by the Kenyan government in 2003 to make primary education free. However, it wasn’t until almost a decade later that she could____86____enter a classroom.
Her journey on the road to____87____ has served as an inspiration for many in Kenya, where it was ____88____among members of the older generations to ____89____on schooling to make ends meet.
David Kinyanjui, the head teacher at Leaders Vision Preparatory School, said that while it was challenging to _____90_____Sitienei into the class in 2011, her determination to get an education _____91_____ the school authorities to enroll her. Sitienei,_____92_____known as Gogo- or grandmother in her native language--hasn’t looked back.
“Gogo could only_____93_____ in her mother tongue of Kalenjin and Kiswahili, but she was willing to start learning at the _____94_____ level so that she could learn some English._____95_____at Grade Six, she has learned the language and even though she is not _____96_____ in it, she can understand what the teachers are saying in class,” Kinyanjui _____97_____.
Sitienei said: “I wanted to inspire children, especially_____98_____that education is important in shaping their future and getting out of poverty. Being a grandmother, I have_____99_____some girls drop out of school due to early pregnancies or_____100_____of interest and the best way to show them the importance of education was by going back to school myself.”
81.A.classroom B.world C.hospital D.house
82.A.teacher B.scientist C.doctor D.artist
83.A.opportunity B.life C.university D.thought
84.A.made use of B.kept up with C.made up for D.let go of
85.A.reward B.move C.choice D.honor
86.A.eventually B.temporarily C.gradually D.randomly
87.A.self-discipline B.self-control C.self-esteem D.self-improvement
88.A.rare B.common C.strange D.unacceptable
89.A.look back B.cut down C.miss out D.look down
90.A.force B.accept C.bring D.push
91.A.convinced B.advised C.required D.begged
92.A.formally B.purposely C.fondly D.cautiously
93.A.write B.teach C.phone D.communicate
94.A.standard B.advanced C.toughest D.lowest
95.A.Currently B.Fortunately C.Amazingly D.Properly
96.A.talented B.absorbed C.fluent D.interested
97.A.insisted B.commented C.announced D.proposed
98.A.boys B.parents C.teenagers D.girls
99.A.made B.heard C.witnessed D.helped
100.A.lack B.presence C.efficiency D.appearance
【参考答案】
81. B 82.C 83.A 84.D 85.B 86.A 87.D 88.B 89.C 90.B
91.A 92.C 93.D 94.D 95.A 96.C 97.B 98.D 99.C 100.A
【语篇解读】
本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了助产士斯蒂涅从未放弃接受教育的梦想,最终在98岁进入教室,成为肯尼亚最年长的小学生,以实现她的自我完善之旅,并以此激励孩子们,特别是女孩,教育对塑造他们的未来和摆脱贫困很重要。
【详情解析】
81.【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意:98岁时,她和一些她帮助来到这个世界的学生一起坐在课堂上。A. classroom教室;B. world世界;C. hospital医院;D. house房子。由下文第二段她帮妈妈们接生,可知她是一个助产士,因此她帮助很多小朋友来到这个世界上。所以选择世界一词,故选B项。
82.【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意:她一直想要成为一名医生。A. teacher老师;B. scientist科学家;C. doctor医生;D. artist艺术家。由下一句话可知,尽管她当医生的梦想没有实现,但她还是用学到的技能帮助妈妈们接生。根据上下文的语意连接,此处的梦想是当医生而不是教师,科学家或艺术家。故选C项。
83.【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意:尽管一直没有当医生的机会,但她还是用学到的技能帮助妈妈们在家里安全接生。A. opportunity机会;B. life生活;C. university大学;D. thought想法。根据句意和下文可知,没当成医生,也就是机会未能青睐她。故选A项。
84.【D】考查固定搭配词义辨析。句意:不过她从没有放弃接受教育的梦想。A. made use of 利用;B. kept up with 追上赶上;C. made up for弥补;D. let go of放弃。根据句意以及与梦想的搭配,选择放弃。故选D项。
85.【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意:给她一丝鼓励的是2003年,肯尼亚政府推出了一项措施,使小学教育免费。A. reward奖励回报;B. move行动措施;C. choice选择;D. honor恐惧。使小学免费是一项政府措施,故选B项。
86.【A】考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,直到近十年后,她才最终进入了教室。A. eventually最终;B. temporarily暂时地;C. gradually逐渐地;D. randomly随机地。根据句意和词义,选择最终。故选A项。
87.【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意:她的自我完善之路激励了许多肯尼亚人。A. self-discipline自律; B. self-control自控;C. self-esteem自尊; D. self-improvement自我完善。上文讲98岁终于坐到教室里,接受教育,说明主人公一直在追求自我完善。故选D项。
88.【B】考查形容词词词义辨析。句意:在这个国家,老一辈人为了维持生计,不上学是很常见的。A. rare稀少的;B. common常见的普通的;C. strange奇怪的;D. unacceptable令人难以接受的。根据语境是在贫穷的肯尼亚的老一辈人,因此不上学很常见的。故选B项。
89.【B】考查动词词组辨析。句意:在这个国家,老一辈人为了维持生计,不上学是很常见的。A. look back回首;B. cut down减少;C. miss out错过;D. look down俯视。根据文章,不上学也就是错过上学。故选C项。
90.【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这所学校的校长说,虽然在2011年接受她入学是非常有挑战性的决定,但是她接受教育的决心说服了学校的领导招收她入学。A. force强迫;B. accept接受;C. bring带来;D. push推。学校是接受她入学,故选B项。
91.【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这所学校的校长说,虽然在2011年接受她入学是非常有挑战性的决定,但是她接受教育的决心说服了学校的领导招收她入学。A. convinced说服;B. advised建议;C. required要求;D. begged祈求。她的决心打动了学校领导破例录取她入学,故选A项。
92.【C】考查副词词义辨析。句意:在肯尼亚语言中亲切地称为Gogo或祖母的Sitienei并没有回头。A. formally正式地;B. purposely故意地;C. fondly亲切地;D. cautiously谨慎地。根据文章在当地的语言中应该是亲切地称为,故选C项。
93.【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意:Gogo只能用她的母语卡伦津语和斯瓦希里语进行交流,但她愿意从最低的水平开始学习,这样她就可以学习一些英语。A. write写;B. teach教;C. phone打电话;D. communicate交流。根据文章,她只会说当地的语言,也就是用当地的语言交流。故选D项。
94.【D】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Gogo只能用她的母语卡伦津语和斯瓦希里语进行交流,但她愿意从最低的水平开始学习,这样她就可以学习一些英语。A. standard标准的;B. advanced高级的;C. toughest最难的;D. lowest最低的。根据句意,英语是没学过的语言,只能从最基础的最低水平学起。故选D项。
95.【A】考查副词词义辨析。句意:目前在六年级,她已经学了这门语言,即使不流利,她也可以理解老师们在课堂上说什么。A. Currently目前现在;B. Fortunately幸运地;C. Amazingly令人惊讶的;D. Properly恰当地。前文提到是从一年级开始上的,所以只能选目前在上六年级。故选A项。
96.【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:目前在六年级,她已经学了这门语言,即使不流利,她也可以理解老师们在课堂上说什么。A. talented有天分的;B. absorbed专注的;C. fluent流利的;D. interested感兴趣的。本句中的it指代the language也就是English,根据固定搭配说某种语言流利为 be fluent in,故选C项。
97.【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意:Kinyanjui 评论到。A. insisted坚持;B. commente评论;C. announced宣布;D. proposed建议。根据上文校长讲述了主人公Sitienei在学校里学习语言的经历和进步。因此是校长的一番评论。故选B项。
98.【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我想激励孩子们,尤其是女孩们,教育对于塑造他们的未来和摆脱贫困很重要。A. boys男孩们;B. parents家长们;C. teenagers青少年们;D. girls女孩们。由下文可知,后面出现的是girls,前后呼应,此处也应是girls。故选D项。
99.【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意:作为一名祖母,我有目睹一些女孩因为早孕或缺乏兴趣而辍学,而向她们展示教育重要性的最好方法就是我自己回到学校。A. made使,让;B. heard听到;C. witnessed目睹;D. helped帮助。由文章可知是她见到很多女孩儿辍学而不是听到或者帮助,更不是使她们辍学。因此选择目睹。故选C项。
100.【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意:作为一名祖母,我有目睹一些女孩因为早孕或缺乏兴趣而辍学,而向她们展示教育重要性的最好方法就是我自己回到学校。A. lack缺乏;B. presence存在;C. efficiency效率;D. appearance出现。后文是兴趣而辍学,只能选择缺乏兴趣。故选A项。
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