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山东省聊城市齐鲁名校大联盟2023届高三英语下学期三模试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份山东省聊城市齐鲁名校大联盟2023届高三英语下学期三模试题（Word版附解析），共20页。
2022—2023学年高三年级第三次联考
英语
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
We take the kids out every once in a while, but they get bored if we choose places like restaurants or shopping malls. Here are some of the best places for kids in Hyderabad.
Snow World
If you and your kids love snow, then Snow World, which you can visit between 11:00 am and 8:00 pm, is where you need to be. The best thing is that you can even enjoy the snow during summers; you can make a snowman, have snow fights with your kids, ride the ice cars or do some fun ice skating. And when you get hungry, you can grab a bite of some tasty food in the ice hotel.
The Jump Zone
Who says your kids cannot have fun when the weather gets warm in Hyderabad? Drive to the Jump Zone, which allows kids aged 5 ~ 12 to play and remains open from 11:00 am to 9:30 pm, and enjoy its vast indoor play area, where there are slides, dance floors, toys to ride on, and jumping castles.
Ramoji Film City
Ramoji Film City, which remains open from 9:00 am to 8:00 pm, has everything you need for fun and entertainment in one place. Your kids will be amazed by the beautiful gardens, amazing sets for movies, and strange streets. They can also enjoy exciting rides and games there.
Nehru Zoological Park
Nehru Zoological Park, which remains open from 8:30 am to 5:00 pm, is a great place to let your kids spend quality time with different animals. In this vast park you can see over 100 species of animals in their natural habitat. Other fun activities include elephant rides, train rides, and the Dinosaur Park. It also has an excellent food court where you can sit and enjoy tasty food and drinks.
1. Which place has the longest opening hours?
A. Snow World. B. The Jump Zone.
C. Ramoji Film City. D. Nehru Zoological Park.
2. What does the text say about the Jump Zone?
A It doesn’t welcome kids of all ages.
B. It is especially crowded on warm days.
C. It doesn’t have enough room for sliding.
D. It attracts kids who love playing outdoors.
3. What do Snow World and Nehru Zoological Park have in common?
A. They both offer training sessions.
B. They both provide a place for dining.
C. They both are suitable for extreme sports.
D. They both offer a chance to see wild species.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了海得拉巴一些最适合孩子们的地方。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Snow World中的“If you and your kids love snow, then Snow World, which you can visit between 11:00 am and 8:00 pm, is where you need to be. (如果你和你的孩子喜欢雪，那么你可以在上午11点到晚上8点之间参观雪世界，这是你需要去的地方。)”、The Jump Zone中的“Drive to the Jump Zone, which allows kids aged 5 ~ 12 to play and remains open from 11:00 am to 9:30 pm, (开车到蹦客地带，允许5 ~ 12岁的孩子玩耍，开放时间为上午11点至晚上9点30分，)”、Ramoji Film City中的“Ramoji Film City, which remains open from 9:00 am to 8:00 pm, has everything you need for fun and entertainment in one place. (拉莫吉电影城的开放时间是早上9点到晚上8点，在一个地方有你需要的一切乐趣和娱乐。)”和Nehru Zoological Park中的“Nehru Zoological Park, which remains open from 8:30 am to 5:00 pm, is a great place to let your kids spend quality time with different animals. (尼赫鲁动物园的开放时间为上午8点30分至下午5点，是让你的孩子与不同的动物共度美好时光的好地方。)”可知，拉莫吉电影城营业时间最长。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Jump Zone中的“Drive to the Jump Zone, which allows kids aged 5 ~ 12 to play and remains open from 11:00 am to 9:30 pm, and enjoy its vast indoor play area, where there are slides, dance floors, toys to ride on, and jumping castles. (开车到蹦客地带，允许5 ~ 12岁的孩子玩耍，开放时间为上午11点至晚上9点30分，享受广阔的室内游乐区，那里有滑梯、舞池、玩具和跳跃城堡。)”可知，The Jump Zone不欢迎所有年龄段的孩子，只允许5 ~ 12岁的孩子玩耍。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Snow World中的“And when you get hungry, you can grab a bite of some tasty food in the ice hotel. (当你饿的时候，你可以在冰旅馆里吃点美味的食物。)”和Nehru Zoological Park中的“It also has an excellent food court where you can sit and enjoy tasty food and drinks. (它还有一个很棒的美食广场，你可以坐在那里享受美味的食物和饮料。)”可知，冰雪大世界和尼赫鲁动物园共同之处在于它们都提供一个吃饭的地方。故选B。
B
Penn Station Shoe Repair and Shoe Shine is a small shoeshining business in New York City. On a recent weekday, customers sat down at the shoeshine business and pulled out newspapers and phones to read while their shoes got shined. The shoeshiners cleaned the footwear and added an oily substance to protect the shoes’ leather material. When it was finished, the customers paid eight dollars for the work.
Shoeshining has a long history in the United States, dating back hundreds of years. But today, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, more people work from home than in the past. And it has become popular to wear more casual work clothes. Those mean fewer customers for shoeshining businesses.
Rory Heenan is a 38-year-old accountant from Philadelphia. He said as a young boy he would take the train with his father to his office one Friday each month and watch him get a shoeshine. “And here I am, you know, 30 years later, doing the same thing. So, it’s certainly something that’s passed down over time,” he said.
At David Mesquita’s Leather Spa, which operates five shoe repair and shine businesses in the area, the repairs are the major part of its sales. But shoeshines are still an important offering to bring people in as most shoe repair businesses don’t have the service.
Before the pandemic, Leather Spa had four shoeshine chairs at its business inside New York’s Grand Central Terminal. It employed six shoeshiners. Together, they would complete about 120 shines a day. Now, there are only three shoeshiners who do 40 or 50 shines a day at most.
“Traffic is slowly coming back in, though we’re still not back 100 percent of what we were,” Mesquita said, adding that shoeshining isn’t something that will ever fully go away. “People like to treat themselves,” he said, “whether it’s once a week or twice a week or once every two weeks. It’s just nice.”
4. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. The dark future of the shoeshining business.
B. Reasons for the change of people’s lifestyle.
C. The rise and fall of the shoeshining business.
D. Causes of the decline of the shoeshining business.
5. What did little Rory Heenan do regularly?
A. He shined his father’s shoes personally.
B. He accompanied his father to work.
C. He recorded his shining his father’s shoes.
D. He greeted his father at the train station.
6. According to the text, Leather Spa’s shoeshining service .
A. means a great deal to its overall business
B. can be enjoyed in most shoe repair businesses
C. is more profitable than its shoe repair business
D. does expand gradually during the pandemic
7. What’s Mesquita’s attitude towards the future of shoeshining?
A. Mixed. B. Hopeless. C. Optimistic. D. Worried.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在美国擦鞋拥有悠久的历史，由于疫情原因，擦鞋业也受到了影响。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段内容“Shoeshining has a long history in the United States, dating back hundreds of years. But today, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, more people work from home than in the past. And it has become popular to wear more casual work clothes. Those mean fewer customers for shoeshining businesses.(擦鞋在美国有着悠久的历史，可以追溯到几百年前。但如今，由于COVID-19疫情，比过去更多的人在家工作。穿休闲装也变得越来越流行。这意味着擦鞋业务的客户减少了。)”可知，虽然擦鞋业在美国有着悠久的历史，但如今因为疫情，擦鞋的客户减少了。由此推断，本段主要讲述了擦鞋业如今衰落的原因。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Rory Heenan is a 38-year-old accountant from Philadelphia. He said as a young boy he would take the train with his father to his office one Friday each month and watch him get a shoeshine.(Rory Heenan是一名来自费城的38岁会计师。他说，当他还是个小男孩的时候，每个月的一个星期五，他都会和父亲一起乘火车去他的办公室，看着他擦鞋。)”可知，Rory Heenan经常陪他爸爸一起去工作。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“At David Mesquita’s Leather Spa, which operates five shoe repair and shine businesses in the area, the repairs are the major part of its sales. But shoeshines are still an important offering to bring people in as most shoe repair businesses don’t have the service.(David Mesquita的Leather Spa在该地区经营着五家修鞋和擦鞋业务，修鞋是其销售的主要部分。但擦鞋仍然是吸引顾客的一项重要服务，因为大多数鞋店都没有这项服务。)”可知，擦鞋业务是Leather Spa业务中非常重要的服务，所以擦鞋业务对其整体业务意义重大。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Traffic is slowly coming back in, though we’re still not back 100 percent of what we were,” Mesquita said, adding that shoeshining isn’t something that will ever fully go away. “People like to treat themselves,” he said, “whether it’s once a week or twice a week or once every two weeks. It’s just nice.”(Mesquita说：“客流量正在慢慢恢复，尽管我们还没有恢复到以前的100%。”他补充说，擦鞋工作永远不会完全消失。“人们喜欢犒劳自己，”他说，“无论是一周一次、一周两次还是每两周一次。都是不错的。”)”可知，Mesquita对擦鞋业的未来还是抱有乐观的态度。故选C。
C
There’s nothing quite like cooking over my gas stove with beautiful blue flame, so quickly adjusted and so suited to its purpose that when things run smoothly in life, we say we are “cooking with gas”.
But in recent years environmentalists have been warning that gas stoves are bad for the climate and not so great for our health, either. New studies published this year have heightened health worries about poisonous fumes (烟气) in our kitchens. Is the evidence sufficient to shift our cooking habits?
The big surprise in one new study, conducted by environmental scientists at Stanford University, is the amount of unburned gas that leaks into kitchens when a stove is off. They found that more than three quarters of methane (甲烷) that escapes from a stove does so when it is not in use, most likely through imperfect pipe fittings. Second, there are the pollutants created by burning when a stove is on, most notably nitrogen oxides, which can upset the lungs.
Drew Michanowicz, a senior scientist at PSE Healthy Energy, a nonprofit research and policy group, said, “A lot of us work at home now. We take about 20, 000 breaths a day, and my stove is like 10 feel away from me. What else is in natural gas?” Michanowicz also frets that as more people weatherize their homes and close windows, they are reducing air exchange, which means indoor pollution will be worse.
Not surprisingly, the American Gas Association has criticized both studies, saying the levels of VOCs found in the Boston study are “reassuringly low”.
What is the average home cook to make of all this. They might follow Michanowicz, who bought an induction burner (电磁炉) and does much of his cooking on it. As for me, I’m making some changes. I’ve switched to an electric kettle for boiling water, and despite its annoying noise, I now use the exhaust hood (吸油烟机) over my stove-something only about 25 to 40 percent of people say they do. And weather permitting, I’ll open a window.
8. What does the author think of her using gas stove according to paragraph 1?
A. It is challenging. B. It is convenient.
C. It is quite time-consuming. D. It is friendly to the environment.
9. What leads most methane to escape from a stove according to the new study?
A. The inefficiently-burnt gas. B. The pollutants created by burning.
C. The improperly-placed stove. D. The poor quality of the pipe fittings.
10. What can best replace the underlined word “frets” in paragraph 4?
A. worries B. promises C. denies D. wonders
11. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. The influence of Michanowicz. B. The importance of electric devices.
C. The future of induction burners. D. Changes of people’s cooking habits.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近年来的研究发现表明，煤气灶的使用不仅对气候有害，对我们的健康也没有什么好处。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“There’s nothing quite like cooking over my gas stove with beautiful blue flame, so quickly adjusted and so suited to its purpose that when things run smoothly in life, we say we are “cooking with gas”.(没有什么比在我的煤气炉上用美丽的蓝色火焰做饭更美妙的了，它调整得如此之快，如此适合它的目的，以至于当生活中一切顺利时，我们说我们在“用煤气做饭”。)”可判断，作者认为用煤气炉做饭是非常便利的。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They found that more than three quarters of methane (甲烷) that escapes from a stove does so when it is not in use, most likely through imperfect pipe fittings.(他们发现，超过四分之三的甲烷是在炉子不用的时候逸出的，很可能是通过不完美的管道配件逸出的。)”可知，大多甲烷气体是通过不完美的管道配件逸出的。故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“that as more people weatherize their homes and close windows, they are reducing air exchange, which means indoor pollution will be worse.(随着越来越多的人对房屋进行防寒改造，关闭窗户，他们减少了空气交换，这意味着室内污染会更严重。)”可知，划线单词后的内容是让人担心的问题。选项A“worries (担忧)”；选项B“promises (承诺)”；选项C“denies (否认)”；选项D“wonders (想知道)”。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“What is the average home cook to make of all this. They might follow Michanowicz, who bought an induction burner (电磁炉) and does much of his cooking on it. As for me, I’m making some changes. I’ve switched to an electric kettle for boiling water, and despite its annoying noise, I now use the exhaust hood (吸油烟机) over my stove-something only about 25 to 40 percent of people say they do. And weather permitting, I’ll open a window.(一般的家庭厨师是怎么处理这一切的？他们可能会效仿Michanowicz，他买了一个电磁炉，并在上面做饭。至于我，我正在做一些改变。我已经改用电热水壶烧水了，尽管它的噪音很烦人，但我现在会在炉子上使用排气罩——只有大约25%到40%的人说他们这样做。天气允许的话，我会打开窗户。)”可知，最后一段主要讲述的是人们烹饪习惯的变化。故选D。
D
Scientists in Switzerland have used lasers (激光) to change the path of a lightning strike. The experiment was carried out on Santis mountain in Switzerland, near a radio and TV tower hit by lightning about 100 times a year. Using a special laser, the researchers were able to guide the lightning strike.
Scientists have been trying to find a way to protect buildings from lightning for a long time. At present, the best way to protect buildings from lightning is by putting metal rods (杆) on the buildings. These rods are connected to the ground. The lightning is attracted to the rods, which safely guide the electricity into the ground. But lightning rods can only protect a small area. If a building is very large, it needs a lot of lightning rods. But some buildings-such as airports-are so large that it’s difficult to protect the whole building using lightning rods.
Another idea is to use lasers to guide lightning. The idea of using lasers to guide lightning isn’1new. Scientists have been working on the idea for over 20 years. They’ve successfully guided lightning with lasers inside a laboratory. But until 2021, scientists guided lightning with lasers outside. Using a powerful laser that can fire about 1, 000 times a second, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning bolts for 164 feet (50 meters).
The heat from the laser creates a path of air that is less thick than the air around it. The path also has a special charge. The lightning can follow this path almost as if it were a lightning rod. In the past, experiments with lasers that fired more slowly didn’t work.
Managing to guide the lightning in an outdoor environment is a very big step. But despite the progress, the laser still isn’t a good choice when it comes to protecting large buildings.
12. To stop a building from being stricken by lightning, it is best to .
A. equip it with metal rods B. position it away from airports
C. build it on low-lying open ground D. keep it away from any kind of metal
13. What enables the laser to guide the lightning?
A. Its color. B. Its brightness. C. Its speed. D. Its concentration.
14. What will the paragraph following the text probably talk about
A. How the laser should be improved to protect large buildings.
B. When the laser will be widely used to protect large buildings.
C. Why it is unnecessary to use the laser to protect large buildings.
D. What prevents the laser from being used to protect large buildings.
15 What is the best title for the text
A. Scientists Find a New Use of the Laser
B. Scientists Guide Lightning with the Laser
C. A New Idea Has Been Tested to Guide Lightning
D. A New Way to Protect Buildings Has Been Found
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞士科学家利用激光改变了雷击的路径。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Scientists have been trying to find a way to protect buildings from lightning for a long time. At present, the best way to protect buildings from lightning is by putting metal rods (杆) on the buildings. (长期以来，科学家们一直在努力寻找一种保护建筑物免受雷击的方法。目前，保护建筑物免受雷击的最好方法是在建筑物上放置金属棒。)”可知，目前保护建筑物免受雷击的最好方法是在建筑物上放置金属棒。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But until 2021, scientists guided lightning with lasers outside. Using a powerful laser that can fire about 1, 000 times a second, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning bolts for 164 feet (50 meters). (但直到2021年，科学家们都在室外用激光引导闪电。瑞士科学家们利用一种每秒发射约1000次的强大激光，能够引导164英尺(50米)的闪电。)”可知，激光之所以能够用来引导闪电是因为激光的速度。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But despite the progress, the laser still isn’t a good choice when it comes to protecting large buildings.(但是，尽管取得了进展，激光在保护大型建筑物方面仍然不是一个好的选择。)”可推断，文章接下来会解释为什么激光不被用于保护大型建筑。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Scientists in Switzerland have used lasers (激光) to change the path of a lightning strike. The experiment was carried out on Santis mountain in Switzerland, near a radio and TV tower hit by lightning about 100 times a year. Using a special laser, the researchers were able to guide the lightning strike. (瑞士科学家利用激光改变了雷击的路径。这项实验是在瑞士的桑蒂斯山上进行的，那里靠近一座每年被闪电击中约100次的广播电视塔。使用一种特殊的激光，研究人员能够引导雷击。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了瑞士科学家利用激光引导雷击。所以“Scientists Guide Lightning with the Laser (科学家用激光引导闪电)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Importance of Inventions
They say necessity is the mother of invention, but invention drives the economy. The great importance of invention is that it solves problems and changes the world.____16____And it goes beyond culture. The modern era is arguably the greatest time in the history of the world for innovation, but none of it would have happened without the invention of electricity supplied on demand. With that one advancement, in came the fastest-changing period in human history-and the greatest population growth, too.
____17____Even things like the toilet and modern plumbing made it possible to improve hygiene and reduce exposure to human waste, which in turn made cities cleaner and more desirable to live in. The modem bathroom also helped reduce the spread of disease, which in turn helped extend the average life expectancy.____18____
People eat better, and more safely, because of innovations we now take for granted like the refrigerator, the oven and running tap water. Daily life at work has transformed because heavy- lifting jobs can be done by forklifts. In fact, technology is reaching a new height.____19____More people than ever before need to sit for work, with office jobs and the like changing our fitness level and lowering the risk of injury during a workday.
Even entertainment has changed because no longer do people have to make their own fun by playing games.____20____How people communicate, work, eat, travel, shop-it’s all subject to innovation and invention. Advances don’t always improve life, though, as many people are learning through the constant-access struggles of smartphones and ever-present noise pollution in cities.
A. Innovation shapes the way life is lived.
B. They can turn to their phone, TV or radio.
C. Factories are using robots for many tasks now.
D. They have affected the way we consume media.
E. Inventions influence all aspects of modern existence.
F. New technologies often simplify the average person’s life.
G. And that has led to the Earth’s population rising sharply in the last 150 years.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. G 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了发明的重要性，作者认为虽说需求是发明之母，但发明才是经济的动力。
【16题详解】
根据空前内容“The great importance of invention is that it solves problems and changes the world.(发明的重要之处在于它能解决问题并改变世界。)”以及空后内容“And it goes beyond culture.(它超越了文化。)”可知，空前空后讲述的是发明的重要性。选项A“Innovation shapes the way life is lived.(创新塑造了人们的生活方式。)”符合上下文内容，讲述的也是发明即创新给人们的生活带来的变化。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据空后内容“Even things like the toilet and modern plumbing made it possible to improve hygiene and reduce exposure to human waste, which in turn made cities cleaner and more desirable to live in.(甚至像厕所和现代管道这样的东西也使改善卫生和减少接触人类排泄物成为可能，这反过来又使城市更清洁，更适合居住。)”可知，下文主要讲述的是发明影响了我们的生活各个方面。选项E“Inventions influence all aspects of modern existence.(发明影响现代生活的方方面面。)”与下文内容相一致，是下文内容的综述。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据空前内容“The modem bathroom also helped reduce the spread of disease, which in turn helped extend the average life expectancy.(现代浴室还有助于减少疾病的传播，这反过来又有助于延长平均寿命。)”可知，现代发明有助于延长人类的平均寿命，所以上文指的是发明与人类生命的关系。选项G“And that has led to the Earth’s population rising sharply in the last 150 years.(这导致了地球人口在过去150年里急剧增长。)”延续上文内容，正是由于人类寿命的延长，才导致了地球人口的剧增。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据空前内容“Daily life at work has transformed because heavy- lifting jobs can be done by forklifts. In fact, technology is reaching a new height(由于重的起重工作可以用叉车来完成，日常工作生活已经发生了变化。事实上，科技正达到一个新的高度。)”可知，上文讲述的是发明对工作的影响。选项C“Factories are using robots for many tasks now.(工厂现在使用机器人做很多工作。)”延续上文内容，同时与下文“More people than ever before need to sit for work, with office jobs and the like changing our fitness level and lowering the risk of injury during a workday.(与以往相比，越来越多的人需要坐着工作，办公室工作和类似的工作改变了我们的健康水平，降低了工作日受伤的风险。)”内容保持一致，正因为工厂有机器人做很多工作，所以越来越多的人可以在办公室工作。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据空前内容“Even entertainment has changed because no longer do people have to make their own fun by playing games.(甚至娱乐也发生了变化，因为人们不再需要通过玩游戏来获得乐趣。)”可知，上文提到的是人们不再需要只通过游戏来获得乐趣。选项B“They can turn to their phone, TV or radio.(他们可以打开手机、电视或收音机。)”延续上文内容，指的是人们不再只需要通过玩游戏来获得乐趣，因为人们还可以玩手机，看电视，听收音机等等。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was twenty, I had a dog named Trixie. She loved me dearly but____21____anyone else.
One afternoon, I was sitting on my porch (走廊) reading a book with Trixie by my side when my colleague Jason walked by. He stopped and asked, “May I come in.” I had no____22____in him, and I wanted to finish my book, so l said, “So long as you can get past my dog.” I was quite ____23____ that this wasn’t going to happen, so I____24____reading.
He opened the gate, walked in and closed it. Trixie remained strangely ____25____ . Jason walked confidently toward me. Trixie got up and____26____Jason and licked his hand. It seemed as if they were friends for a long time. He asked, “May I sit down?” In shocked silence, I ____27____. He said, “This is a very nice dog,” looking at her____28____. Trixie sat with us the entire time staring at him, tail wagging.
Two years later, Jason and I got married. He told me that our story____29____ a dog and a cookie. Seeing the______30______on my face, he told me this: He’d known from my brother that if he could make friends with my dog, then he might have a ______31______to marry me. So, every day, without my______32______, he’d walk by our fence. When Trixie barked to scare him away, he’d______33______her a cookie. This lasted for about six months until the day he asked if he could come in and sit on the porch with me. Of course, she ______34______him in because, although I was her first love,______35______was her second!
We’ve been married for thirty-six years. Thank you, Trixie!
21. A. misled B. distrusted C. misunderstood D. disappointed
22. A. belief B. experience C. doubt D. interest
23. A. aware B. nervous C. sorry D. afraid
24. A. finished B. avoided C. continued D. postponed
25. A. modest B. still C. energetic D. optimistic
26. A. stopped B. protected C. comforted D. approached
27. A. admitted B. nodded C. refused D. apologized
28. A. lovingly B. jokingly C. patiently D. regretfully
29. A. called for B. left out C. started with D. focused on
30. A. confusion B. anger C. concern D. embarrassment
31. A. plan B. duty C. right D. chance
32. A. warning B. knowledge C. recommendation D. direction
33. A. make B. lend C. throw D. owe
34. A. allowed B. urged C. forced D. took
35. A. praise B. pleasure C. food D. friendship
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只信任主人的狗Trixie，Jason想追求其主人，每天扔饼干给Trixie，获得她信任，最终通过这种方式和主人相识、相恋并结婚的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她深爱着我，但不信任任何人。A. misled误导；B. distrusted不信任；C. misunderstood误解；D. disappointed失望。根据上文“She loved me dearly”和转折词but可知，Trixie除了主人不信任任何人。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对他不感兴趣，我想读完我的书，所以我说：“只要你能越过我的狗。”A. belief信念；B. experience经验；C. doubt怀疑；D. interest兴趣。根据下文“and I wanted to finish my book”可知，作者对同事Jason不感兴趣。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很清楚这是不可能发生的，所以我继续读下去。 A. aware知道的；B. nervous紧张的；C. sorry抱歉的；D. afraid害怕的。根据下文“this wasn’t going to happen”可知，作者知道同事不可能越过自己的狗。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很清楚这是不可能发生的，所以我继续读下去。A. finished完成；B. avoided避免；C. continued继续；D. postponed推迟。根据上文“I was quite ____3____ that this wasn’t going to happen,”可知，作者自认为同事不可能越过自己的狗，所以继续读书。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Trixie奇怪地一动不动。A. modest谦虚的；B. still静止的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据下文“Jason walked confidently toward me.”（Jason自信地向我走来）可知，见到同事Jason，Trixie奇怪地一动不动。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Trixie站起来，走近Jason，舔了舔他的手。A. stopped停止；B. protected保护；C. comforted安慰；D. approached靠近。根据下文“and licked his hand.”可知，Trixie走近同事Jason并舔了舔他的手。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我怔住了，点了点头。A. admitted承认；B. nodded点头；C. refused拒绝；D. apologized道歉。根据上文“He asked, “May I sit down?””可知，作者点头同意同事坐下。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他说：“这是一只很好的狗，”深情地看着她。A. lovingly钟情地；B. jokingly开玩笑地；C. patiently耐心地；D. regretfully遗憾地。根据上文““This is a very nice dog,” looking at her”及下文可知，同事Jason深情地看着Trixie。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，我们的故事是从一只狗和一块饼干开始的。A. called for需求；B. left out遗漏；C. started with以……开始；D. focused on集中在。根据下文“a dog and a cookie”及下文可知，同事Jason和作者的故事是从一只狗和一块饼干开始的。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到我脸上的困惑，他告诉我：他从我哥哥那里知道，如果他能和我的狗交朋友，那么他可能有机会娶我。A. confusion困惑；B. anger愤怒；C. concern关心；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据上文“He told me that our story____9____ a dog and a cookie.”可知，作者对两人的之间的故事感到困惑。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到我脸上的困惑，他告诉我：他从我哥哥那里知道，如果他能和我的狗交朋友，那么他可能有机会娶我。A. plan计划；B. duty责任；C. right权利；D. chance机会。根据上文“if he could make friends with my dog,”可知，作者哥哥告诉Jason，如果能搞定作者的狗，就有机会娶作者。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，每天，在我不知情的情况下，他都会经过我们的篱笆。A. warning警告；B. knowledge知识；了解；C. recommendation推荐；D. direction方向。根据下文“he’d walk by our fence.”可知，Jason每天在作者不了解的情况下会来到作者家附近。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Trixie吠叫把他吓跑时，他就扔给她一块饼干。A. make制造；B. lend借走；C. throw扔；D. owe欠。根据上文“When Trixie barked to scare him away,”可知，Trixie吠叫，Jason就扔给她一块饼干。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，她让他进来了，因为虽然我是她的首爱，但食物是她的第二爱!A. allowed允许；B. urged敦促；C. forced强迫；D. took带走。根据上文“When Trixie barked to scare him away, he’d_____13_____her a cookie.”可知，因为经常喂Trixie饼干，所以她让他进来。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，她让他进来了，因为虽然我是她首爱，但食物是她的第二爱!A. praise赞扬；B. pleasure愉快；C. food食物；D. friendship友谊。根据上文“although I was her first love,”可知，食物是Trixie的第二爱。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案填写在答题卡上。
About 385, 000 people from 192 countries take part in the yearly project to count birds. The event____36____(launch)for the first time 25 years ago.
Steve and Janet Kistler from the American state of Kentucky are among those ____37____(involve) themselves in it. They’ve done so every year____38____the now-international tradition started in 1998. For Moira Dalibor, ___39___ schoolteacher from nearby Lexington, this is her first event. She’s leading a group of students and parents to a garden ____40____(collect) data.
Becca Rodomsky-Bish,____41____works at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology in New York, is the project’s leader. The Lab organizes the Great Backyard Bird Count (GBBC) along with the National Audubon Society and Birds Canada. “Every year we see increased participation, and 2022 was a big jump,” Becca said. In India, which had the ____42____(high) participation outside the US last year, tens of thousands of people submitted bird checklists.
The worldwide data goes into the eBird database used by scientists for research on different bird ____43____(population). The GBBC is part of a rise in “citizen science" projects in which volunteers collect data about the____44____(nature) world for use by researchers. The information helps researchers track the numbers of different kinds of birds, which then helps with their _____45_____(protect).
【答案】36. was launched
37. involving
38. since 39. a
40. to collect
41. who 42. highest
43. populations
44. natural
45. protection
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一年一度的鸟类统计活动——GBBC项目，介绍了该项目的具体内容以及其意义。
【36题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：该活动于25年前首次推出。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“25 years ago”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语为“the event”，和动词launch之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was launched。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：来自美国肯塔基州的Steve 和 Janet Kistler也参与其中。这里为非谓语动词担当those的后置定语，和those之间为主动关系，用动词的ing形式。故填involving。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：自1998年这一国际传统开始以来，他们每年都这样做。根据句意以及主从句时态可知，空处为since，意为“自从”。考查since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。故填since。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：Moira Dalibor是莱克星顿附近的一名教师，这是她第一次参加活动。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词，schoolteacher发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她带领一群学生和家长到一个花园收集数据。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词的不定式形式。故填to collect。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Becca Rodomsky-Bish在纽约康奈尔鸟类学实验室工作，是该项目的负责人。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Becca Rodomsky-Bish”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用who。故填who。
【42题详解】
考查最高级。句意：印度是去年除美国外参与人数最多的国家，成千上万的人提交了鸟类清单。根据下文的“tens of thousands of people submitted bird checklists”可知，印度是除美国外参与人数最多的国家，用形容词最高级。故填highest。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：世界范围内的数据进入eBird数据库，供科学家研究不同的鸟类种群。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式，根据空前的different可知，空处为可数名词复数形式。故填populations。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：GBBC是“公民科学”项目兴起的一部分，在这些项目中，志愿者收集有关自然世界的数据供研究人员使用。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词，修饰空后的world。故填natural。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些信息有助于研究人员追踪不同种类鸟类的数量，从而有助于保护它们。根据空前的形容词性物主代词their可知，空处为名词形式。故填protection。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，本周六你班将组织一次乡村旅游活动。请你就此事给外教Mr. Smith写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.发出邀请；
2. 活动内容；
3. 期待回复。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Smith,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m writing to invite you to join us in a trip to the countryside this Saturday.
We’ll gather at the school gate at 8 am. Ten minutes later we’ll leave for our destination by bus. It’ll be a thirty- minute ride. Upon arrival, we’ll first visit a farm, where we can feed chickens and pick strawberries. After that we’ll go fishing near the farm. At noon, we’ll have a picnic lunch by the river. We’ll return at 3 pm.
Would you like to go with us. Looking forward to your reply!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，本周六你班将组织一次乡村旅游活动。请你就此事给外教Mr. Smith写一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
旅行：trip→journey
出发：leave for→set for
返回：return→get back
参观：visit→tour
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：We’ll gather at the school gate at 8 am. Ten minutes later we’ll leave for our destination by bus.
拓展句：After we gather at the school gate at 8 am, ten minutes later we’ll leave for our destination by bus.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Upon arrival, we’ll first visit a farm, where we can feed chickens and pick strawberries. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I’m writing to invite you to join us in a trip to the countryside this Saturday. (运用了不定式作后置定语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Eight-year-old Kayzen Hunter visits Waffle House every weekend to have breakfast with his family. They always choose to sit in Devonte Gardner’s section, because they get the best care from their favorite waiter.
The family instantly felt close to Gardner, who would greet Kayzen with a high-five every time they entered the restaurant. Kayzen never needed to say his order again, because Gardner already knew it by heart. The family really believes he’s the nicest person ever, which is why they were eager to help him when they learned his story.
One day, while dining at the restaurant with his grandfather John Donofrio, Kayzen discovered that behind Gardner’s kindness and warmth were a lot of personal struggles. At the time, Gardner asked the pair if they knew where he could buy an affordable car to use to get to work. It turned out the waiter had been walking a long distance to and from work every day. He and his family, consisting of a wife and two young daughters, were living in a motel (汽车旅馆) room after their apartment became unsuitable to live in. They had been living in a motel for months.
Kayzen couldn’t erase his friend’s story from his mind, so he immediately told his mom about it when he got home. “We have to start a GoFundMe page and help Gardner get a car!” he kept saying. He didn’t give up on the idea until his mom Vittoria gave in. Their goal was to get $5,000 in donations so Gardner could purchase a car. Vittoria and her husband were eager to help their son achieve the goal, especially since they had the same experience years ago. It took a long time to rebuild their lives, but they were able to bounce back. Now, they wanted to help Devonte do the same.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A local news station picked up the story, and before they knew it, more donations began pouring in.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Upon discovering what Kayzen had done, Gardner wept.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A local news station picked up the story, and before they knew it, more donations began pouring in. Soon, they achieved their goal, $5,000, and the number kept increasing. They now had over $100, 000 in donations for Gardner and his family. The money was more than enough for a car, and would enable Gardner and his family to move out of the motel and live in a more comfortable space for over a year. Soon, they thought it was time to let Gardner know what they had done for him, so they visited Gardner and his family on a sunny day.
Upon discovering what Kayzen had done, Gardner wept. He expressed his thankfulness to all the people who had helped him and his family. Now they had over $100, 000 in donations to help them bounce back. After renting a simple apartment and purchasing a car. Gardner went to work at ease and lived comfortably with his family. After he was no longer worried about his life, he thought he should put forward this act of kindness, so he gave the extra money to these who were in need like him, and he hoped someone would continue this great circle.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了8岁的Kayzen Hunter得知自己喜欢的服务员Gardner遇到困难后，决定通过筹款的方式帮助他。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当地一家新闻电台报道了这个故事，在他们意识到之前，更多的捐款开始涌入。”可知，第一段可描写越来越多的人开始为Gardner捐款。
②由第二段首句内容“得知Kayzen的所作所为后，Gardner哭了。”可知，第二段可描写Gardner甚为感动，决定将爱传递下去。
2.续写线索：同情并为Gardner筹款——捐款蜂拥而至——拜访Gardner——Gardner非常感动——将爱传递下去
3.词汇激活
行类
①实现目标：achieve one’s goal/realize one’s goal
②增加：increase/grow
③拜访：visit/pay a visit to
情绪类
①感谢：thankfulness/gratitude
②担忧的：worried/concerned
【点睛】【高分句型1】Soon, they thought it was time to let Gardner know what they had done for him, so they visited Gardner and his family on a sunny day. (运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句和what引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】He expressed his thankfulness to all the people who had helped him and his family. (运用了who引导的定语从句)
2022—2023学年高三年级第三次联考
英语
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
We take the kids out every once in a while, but they get bored if we choose places like restaurants or shopping malls. Here are some of the best places for kids in Hyderabad.
Snow World
If you and your kids love snow, then Snow World, which you can visit between 11:00 am and 8:00 pm, is where you need to be. The best thing is that you can even enjoy the snow during summers; you can make a snowman, have snow fights with your kids, ride the ice cars or do some fun ice skating. And when you get hungry, you can grab a bite of some tasty food in the ice hotel.
The Jump Zone
Who says your kids cannot have fun when the weather gets warm in Hyderabad? Drive to the Jump Zone, which allows kids aged 5 ~ 12 to play and remains open from 11:00 am to 9:30 pm, and enjoy its vast indoor play area, where there are slides, dance floors, toys to ride on, and jumping castles.
Ramoji Film City
Ramoji Film City, which remains open from 9:00 am to 8:00 pm, has everything you need for fun and entertainment in one place. Your kids will be amazed by the beautiful gardens, amazing sets for movies, and strange streets. They can also enjoy exciting rides and games there.
Nehru Zoological Park
Nehru Zoological Park, which remains open from 8:30 am to 5:00 pm, is a great place to let your kids spend quality time with different animals. In this vast park you can see over 100 species of animals in their natural habitat. Other fun activities include elephant rides, train rides, and the Dinosaur Park. It also has an excellent food court where you can sit and enjoy tasty food and drinks.
1. Which place has the longest opening hours?
A. Snow World. B. The Jump Zone.
C. Ramoji Film City. D. Nehru Zoological Park.
2. What does the text say about the Jump Zone?
A It doesn’t welcome kids of all ages.
B. It is especially crowded on warm days.
C. It doesn’t have enough room for sliding.
D. It attracts kids who love playing outdoors.
3. What do Snow World and Nehru Zoological Park have in common?
A. They both offer training sessions.
B. They both provide a place for dining.
C. They both are suitable for extreme sports.
D. They both offer a chance to see wild species.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了海得拉巴一些最适合孩子们的地方。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Snow World中的“If you and your kids love snow, then Snow World, which you can visit between 11:00 am and 8:00 pm, is where you need to be. (如果你和你的孩子喜欢雪，那么你可以在上午11点到晚上8点之间参观雪世界，这是你需要去的地方。)”、The Jump Zone中的“Drive to the Jump Zone, which allows kids aged 5 ~ 12 to play and remains open from 11:00 am to 9:30 pm, (开车到蹦客地带，允许5 ~ 12岁的孩子玩耍，开放时间为上午11点至晚上9点30分，)”、Ramoji Film City中的“Ramoji Film City, which remains open from 9:00 am to 8:00 pm, has everything you need for fun and entertainment in one place. (拉莫吉电影城的开放时间是早上9点到晚上8点，在一个地方有你需要的一切乐趣和娱乐。)”和Nehru Zoological Park中的“Nehru Zoological Park, which remains open from 8:30 am to 5:00 pm, is a great place to let your kids spend quality time with different animals. (尼赫鲁动物园的开放时间为上午8点30分至下午5点，是让你的孩子与不同的动物共度美好时光的好地方。)”可知，拉莫吉电影城营业时间最长。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Jump Zone中的“Drive to the Jump Zone, which allows kids aged 5 ~ 12 to play and remains open from 11:00 am to 9:30 pm, and enjoy its vast indoor play area, where there are slides, dance floors, toys to ride on, and jumping castles. (开车到蹦客地带，允许5 ~ 12岁的孩子玩耍，开放时间为上午11点至晚上9点30分，享受广阔的室内游乐区，那里有滑梯、舞池、玩具和跳跃城堡。)”可知，The Jump Zone不欢迎所有年龄段的孩子，只允许5 ~ 12岁的孩子玩耍。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Snow World中的“And when you get hungry, you can grab a bite of some tasty food in the ice hotel. (当你饿的时候，你可以在冰旅馆里吃点美味的食物。)”和Nehru Zoological Park中的“It also has an excellent food court where you can sit and enjoy tasty food and drinks. (它还有一个很棒的美食广场，你可以坐在那里享受美味的食物和饮料。)”可知，冰雪大世界和尼赫鲁动物园共同之处在于它们都提供一个吃饭的地方。故选B。
B
Penn Station Shoe Repair and Shoe Shine is a small shoeshining business in New York City. On a recent weekday, customers sat down at the shoeshine business and pulled out newspapers and phones to read while their shoes got shined. The shoeshiners cleaned the footwear and added an oily substance to protect the shoes’ leather material. When it was finished, the customers paid eight dollars for the work.
Shoeshining has a long history in the United States, dating back hundreds of years. But today, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, more people work from home than in the past. And it has become popular to wear more casual work clothes. Those mean fewer customers for shoeshining businesses.
Rory Heenan is a 38-year-old accountant from Philadelphia. He said as a young boy he would take the train with his father to his office one Friday each month and watch him get a shoeshine. “And here I am, you know, 30 years later, doing the same thing. So, it’s certainly something that’s passed down over time,” he said.
At David Mesquita’s Leather Spa, which operates five shoe repair and shine businesses in the area, the repairs are the major part of its sales. But shoeshines are still an important offering to bring people in as most shoe repair businesses don’t have the service.
Before the pandemic, Leather Spa had four shoeshine chairs at its business inside New York’s Grand Central Terminal. It employed six shoeshiners. Together, they would complete about 120 shines a day. Now, there are only three shoeshiners who do 40 or 50 shines a day at most.
“Traffic is slowly coming back in, though we’re still not back 100 percent of what we were,” Mesquita said, adding that shoeshining isn’t something that will ever fully go away. “People like to treat themselves,” he said, “whether it’s once a week or twice a week or once every two weeks. It’s just nice.”
4. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. The dark future of the shoeshining business.
B. Reasons for the change of people’s lifestyle.
C. The rise and fall of the shoeshining business.
D. Causes of the decline of the shoeshining business.
5. What did little Rory Heenan do regularly?
A. He shined his father’s shoes personally.
B. He accompanied his father to work.
C. He recorded his shining his father’s shoes.
D. He greeted his father at the train station.
6. According to the text, Leather Spa’s shoeshining service .
A. means a great deal to its overall business
B. can be enjoyed in most shoe repair businesses
C. is more profitable than its shoe repair business
D. does expand gradually during the pandemic
7. What’s Mesquita’s attitude towards the future of shoeshining?
A. Mixed. B. Hopeless. C. Optimistic. D. Worried.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在美国擦鞋拥有悠久的历史，由于疫情原因，擦鞋业也受到了影响。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段内容“Shoeshining has a long history in the United States, dating back hundreds of years. But today, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, more people work from home than in the past. And it has become popular to wear more casual work clothes. Those mean fewer customers for shoeshining businesses.(擦鞋在美国有着悠久的历史，可以追溯到几百年前。但如今，由于COVID-19疫情，比过去更多的人在家工作。穿休闲装也变得越来越流行。这意味着擦鞋业务的客户减少了。)”可知，虽然擦鞋业在美国有着悠久的历史，但如今因为疫情，擦鞋的客户减少了。由此推断，本段主要讲述了擦鞋业如今衰落的原因。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Rory Heenan is a 38-year-old accountant from Philadelphia. He said as a young boy he would take the train with his father to his office one Friday each month and watch him get a shoeshine.(Rory Heenan是一名来自费城的38岁会计师。他说，当他还是个小男孩的时候，每个月的一个星期五，他都会和父亲一起乘火车去他的办公室，看着他擦鞋。)”可知，Rory Heenan经常陪他爸爸一起去工作。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“At David Mesquita’s Leather Spa, which operates five shoe repair and shine businesses in the area, the repairs are the major part of its sales. But shoeshines are still an important offering to bring people in as most shoe repair businesses don’t have the service.(David Mesquita的Leather Spa在该地区经营着五家修鞋和擦鞋业务，修鞋是其销售的主要部分。但擦鞋仍然是吸引顾客的一项重要服务，因为大多数鞋店都没有这项服务。)”可知，擦鞋业务是Leather Spa业务中非常重要的服务，所以擦鞋业务对其整体业务意义重大。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Traffic is slowly coming back in, though we’re still not back 100 percent of what we were,” Mesquita said, adding that shoeshining isn’t something that will ever fully go away. “People like to treat themselves,” he said, “whether it’s once a week or twice a week or once every two weeks. It’s just nice.”(Mesquita说：“客流量正在慢慢恢复，尽管我们还没有恢复到以前的100%。”他补充说，擦鞋工作永远不会完全消失。“人们喜欢犒劳自己，”他说，“无论是一周一次、一周两次还是每两周一次。都是不错的。”)”可知，Mesquita对擦鞋业的未来还是抱有乐观的态度。故选C。
C
There’s nothing quite like cooking over my gas stove with beautiful blue flame, so quickly adjusted and so suited to its purpose that when things run smoothly in life, we say we are “cooking with gas”.
But in recent years environmentalists have been warning that gas stoves are bad for the climate and not so great for our health, either. New studies published this year have heightened health worries about poisonous fumes (烟气) in our kitchens. Is the evidence sufficient to shift our cooking habits?
The big surprise in one new study, conducted by environmental scientists at Stanford University, is the amount of unburned gas that leaks into kitchens when a stove is off. They found that more than three quarters of methane (甲烷) that escapes from a stove does so when it is not in use, most likely through imperfect pipe fittings. Second, there are the pollutants created by burning when a stove is on, most notably nitrogen oxides, which can upset the lungs.
Drew Michanowicz, a senior scientist at PSE Healthy Energy, a nonprofit research and policy group, said, “A lot of us work at home now. We take about 20, 000 breaths a day, and my stove is like 10 feel away from me. What else is in natural gas?” Michanowicz also frets that as more people weatherize their homes and close windows, they are reducing air exchange, which means indoor pollution will be worse.
Not surprisingly, the American Gas Association has criticized both studies, saying the levels of VOCs found in the Boston study are “reassuringly low”.
What is the average home cook to make of all this. They might follow Michanowicz, who bought an induction burner (电磁炉) and does much of his cooking on it. As for me, I’m making some changes. I’ve switched to an electric kettle for boiling water, and despite its annoying noise, I now use the exhaust hood (吸油烟机) over my stove-something only about 25 to 40 percent of people say they do. And weather permitting, I’ll open a window.
8. What does the author think of her using gas stove according to paragraph 1?
A. It is challenging. B. It is convenient.
C. It is quite time-consuming. D. It is friendly to the environment.
9. What leads most methane to escape from a stove according to the new study?
A. The inefficiently-burnt gas. B. The pollutants created by burning.
C. The improperly-placed stove. D. The poor quality of the pipe fittings.
10. What can best replace the underlined word “frets” in paragraph 4?
A. worries B. promises C. denies D. wonders
11. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. The influence of Michanowicz. B. The importance of electric devices.
C. The future of induction burners. D. Changes of people’s cooking habits.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近年来的研究发现表明，煤气灶的使用不仅对气候有害，对我们的健康也没有什么好处。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“There’s nothing quite like cooking over my gas stove with beautiful blue flame, so quickly adjusted and so suited to its purpose that when things run smoothly in life, we say we are “cooking with gas”.(没有什么比在我的煤气炉上用美丽的蓝色火焰做饭更美妙的了，它调整得如此之快，如此适合它的目的，以至于当生活中一切顺利时，我们说我们在“用煤气做饭”。)”可判断，作者认为用煤气炉做饭是非常便利的。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They found that more than three quarters of methane (甲烷) that escapes from a stove does so when it is not in use, most likely through imperfect pipe fittings.(他们发现，超过四分之三的甲烷是在炉子不用的时候逸出的，很可能是通过不完美的管道配件逸出的。)”可知，大多甲烷气体是通过不完美的管道配件逸出的。故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“that as more people weatherize their homes and close windows, they are reducing air exchange, which means indoor pollution will be worse.(随着越来越多的人对房屋进行防寒改造，关闭窗户，他们减少了空气交换，这意味着室内污染会更严重。)”可知，划线单词后的内容是让人担心的问题。选项A“worries (担忧)”；选项B“promises (承诺)”；选项C“denies (否认)”；选项D“wonders (想知道)”。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“What is the average home cook to make of all this. They might follow Michanowicz, who bought an induction burner (电磁炉) and does much of his cooking on it. As for me, I’m making some changes. I’ve switched to an electric kettle for boiling water, and despite its annoying noise, I now use the exhaust hood (吸油烟机) over my stove-something only about 25 to 40 percent of people say they do. And weather permitting, I’ll open a window.(一般的家庭厨师是怎么处理这一切的？他们可能会效仿Michanowicz，他买了一个电磁炉，并在上面做饭。至于我，我正在做一些改变。我已经改用电热水壶烧水了，尽管它的噪音很烦人，但我现在会在炉子上使用排气罩——只有大约25%到40%的人说他们这样做。天气允许的话，我会打开窗户。)”可知，最后一段主要讲述的是人们烹饪习惯的变化。故选D。
D
Scientists in Switzerland have used lasers (激光) to change the path of a lightning strike. The experiment was carried out on Santis mountain in Switzerland, near a radio and TV tower hit by lightning about 100 times a year. Using a special laser, the researchers were able to guide the lightning strike.
Scientists have been trying to find a way to protect buildings from lightning for a long time. At present, the best way to protect buildings from lightning is by putting metal rods (杆) on the buildings. These rods are connected to the ground. The lightning is attracted to the rods, which safely guide the electricity into the ground. But lightning rods can only protect a small area. If a building is very large, it needs a lot of lightning rods. But some buildings-such as airports-are so large that it’s difficult to protect the whole building using lightning rods.
Another idea is to use lasers to guide lightning. The idea of using lasers to guide lightning isn’1new. Scientists have been working on the idea for over 20 years. They’ve successfully guided lightning with lasers inside a laboratory. But until 2021, scientists guided lightning with lasers outside. Using a powerful laser that can fire about 1, 000 times a second, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning bolts for 164 feet (50 meters).
The heat from the laser creates a path of air that is less thick than the air around it. The path also has a special charge. The lightning can follow this path almost as if it were a lightning rod. In the past, experiments with lasers that fired more slowly didn’t work.
Managing to guide the lightning in an outdoor environment is a very big step. But despite the progress, the laser still isn’t a good choice when it comes to protecting large buildings.
12. To stop a building from being stricken by lightning, it is best to .
A. equip it with metal rods B. position it away from airports
C. build it on low-lying open ground D. keep it away from any kind of metal
13. What enables the laser to guide the lightning?
A. Its color. B. Its brightness. C. Its speed. D. Its concentration.
14. What will the paragraph following the text probably talk about
A. How the laser should be improved to protect large buildings.
B. When the laser will be widely used to protect large buildings.
C. Why it is unnecessary to use the laser to protect large buildings.
D. What prevents the laser from being used to protect large buildings.
15 What is the best title for the text
A. Scientists Find a New Use of the Laser
B. Scientists Guide Lightning with the Laser
C. A New Idea Has Been Tested to Guide Lightning
D. A New Way to Protect Buildings Has Been Found
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞士科学家利用激光改变了雷击的路径。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Scientists have been trying to find a way to protect buildings from lightning for a long time. At present, the best way to protect buildings from lightning is by putting metal rods (杆) on the buildings. (长期以来，科学家们一直在努力寻找一种保护建筑物免受雷击的方法。目前，保护建筑物免受雷击的最好方法是在建筑物上放置金属棒。)”可知，目前保护建筑物免受雷击的最好方法是在建筑物上放置金属棒。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But until 2021, scientists guided lightning with lasers outside. Using a powerful laser that can fire about 1, 000 times a second, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning bolts for 164 feet (50 meters). (但直到2021年，科学家们都在室外用激光引导闪电。瑞士科学家们利用一种每秒发射约1000次的强大激光，能够引导164英尺(50米)的闪电。)”可知，激光之所以能够用来引导闪电是因为激光的速度。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But despite the progress, the laser still isn’t a good choice when it comes to protecting large buildings.(但是，尽管取得了进展，激光在保护大型建筑物方面仍然不是一个好的选择。)”可推断，文章接下来会解释为什么激光不被用于保护大型建筑。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Scientists in Switzerland have used lasers (激光) to change the path of a lightning strike. The experiment was carried out on Santis mountain in Switzerland, near a radio and TV tower hit by lightning about 100 times a year. Using a special laser, the researchers were able to guide the lightning strike. (瑞士科学家利用激光改变了雷击的路径。这项实验是在瑞士的桑蒂斯山上进行的，那里靠近一座每年被闪电击中约100次的广播电视塔。使用一种特殊的激光，研究人员能够引导雷击。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了瑞士科学家利用激光引导雷击。所以“Scientists Guide Lightning with the Laser (科学家用激光引导闪电)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Importance of Inventions
They say necessity is the mother of invention, but invention drives the economy. The great importance of invention is that it solves problems and changes the world.____16____And it goes beyond culture. The modern era is arguably the greatest time in the history of the world for innovation, but none of it would have happened without the invention of electricity supplied on demand. With that one advancement, in came the fastest-changing period in human history-and the greatest population growth, too.
____17____Even things like the toilet and modern plumbing made it possible to improve hygiene and reduce exposure to human waste, which in turn made cities cleaner and more desirable to live in. The modem bathroom also helped reduce the spread of disease, which in turn helped extend the average life expectancy.____18____
People eat better, and more safely, because of innovations we now take for granted like the refrigerator, the oven and running tap water. Daily life at work has transformed because heavy- lifting jobs can be done by forklifts. In fact, technology is reaching a new height.____19____More people than ever before need to sit for work, with office jobs and the like changing our fitness level and lowering the risk of injury during a workday.
Even entertainment has changed because no longer do people have to make their own fun by playing games.____20____How people communicate, work, eat, travel, shop-it’s all subject to innovation and invention. Advances don’t always improve life, though, as many people are learning through the constant-access struggles of smartphones and ever-present noise pollution in cities.
A. Innovation shapes the way life is lived.
B. They can turn to their phone, TV or radio.
C. Factories are using robots for many tasks now.
D. They have affected the way we consume media.
E. Inventions influence all aspects of modern existence.
F. New technologies often simplify the average person’s life.
G. And that has led to the Earth’s population rising sharply in the last 150 years.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. G 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了发明的重要性，作者认为虽说需求是发明之母，但发明才是经济的动力。
【16题详解】
根据空前内容“The great importance of invention is that it solves problems and changes the world.(发明的重要之处在于它能解决问题并改变世界。)”以及空后内容“And it goes beyond culture.(它超越了文化。)”可知，空前空后讲述的是发明的重要性。选项A“Innovation shapes the way life is lived.(创新塑造了人们的生活方式。)”符合上下文内容，讲述的也是发明即创新给人们的生活带来的变化。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据空后内容“Even things like the toilet and modern plumbing made it possible to improve hygiene and reduce exposure to human waste, which in turn made cities cleaner and more desirable to live in.(甚至像厕所和现代管道这样的东西也使改善卫生和减少接触人类排泄物成为可能，这反过来又使城市更清洁，更适合居住。)”可知，下文主要讲述的是发明影响了我们的生活各个方面。选项E“Inventions influence all aspects of modern existence.(发明影响现代生活的方方面面。)”与下文内容相一致，是下文内容的综述。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据空前内容“The modem bathroom also helped reduce the spread of disease, which in turn helped extend the average life expectancy.(现代浴室还有助于减少疾病的传播，这反过来又有助于延长平均寿命。)”可知，现代发明有助于延长人类的平均寿命，所以上文指的是发明与人类生命的关系。选项G“And that has led to the Earth’s population rising sharply in the last 150 years.(这导致了地球人口在过去150年里急剧增长。)”延续上文内容，正是由于人类寿命的延长，才导致了地球人口的剧增。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据空前内容“Daily life at work has transformed because heavy- lifting jobs can be done by forklifts. In fact, technology is reaching a new height(由于重的起重工作可以用叉车来完成，日常工作生活已经发生了变化。事实上，科技正达到一个新的高度。)”可知，上文讲述的是发明对工作的影响。选项C“Factories are using robots for many tasks now.(工厂现在使用机器人做很多工作。)”延续上文内容，同时与下文“More people than ever before need to sit for work, with office jobs and the like changing our fitness level and lowering the risk of injury during a workday.(与以往相比，越来越多的人需要坐着工作，办公室工作和类似的工作改变了我们的健康水平，降低了工作日受伤的风险。)”内容保持一致，正因为工厂有机器人做很多工作，所以越来越多的人可以在办公室工作。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据空前内容“Even entertainment has changed because no longer do people have to make their own fun by playing games.(甚至娱乐也发生了变化，因为人们不再需要通过玩游戏来获得乐趣。)”可知，上文提到的是人们不再需要只通过游戏来获得乐趣。选项B“They can turn to their phone, TV or radio.(他们可以打开手机、电视或收音机。)”延续上文内容，指的是人们不再只需要通过玩游戏来获得乐趣，因为人们还可以玩手机，看电视，听收音机等等。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was twenty, I had a dog named Trixie. She loved me dearly but____21____anyone else.
One afternoon, I was sitting on my porch (走廊) reading a book with Trixie by my side when my colleague Jason walked by. He stopped and asked, “May I come in.” I had no____22____in him, and I wanted to finish my book, so l said, “So long as you can get past my dog.” I was quite ____23____ that this wasn’t going to happen, so I____24____reading.
He opened the gate, walked in and closed it. Trixie remained strangely ____25____ . Jason walked confidently toward me. Trixie got up and____26____Jason and licked his hand. It seemed as if they were friends for a long time. He asked, “May I sit down?” In shocked silence, I ____27____. He said, “This is a very nice dog,” looking at her____28____. Trixie sat with us the entire time staring at him, tail wagging.
Two years later, Jason and I got married. He told me that our story____29____ a dog and a cookie. Seeing the______30______on my face, he told me this: He’d known from my brother that if he could make friends with my dog, then he might have a ______31______to marry me. So, every day, without my______32______, he’d walk by our fence. When Trixie barked to scare him away, he’d______33______her a cookie. This lasted for about six months until the day he asked if he could come in and sit on the porch with me. Of course, she ______34______him in because, although I was her first love,______35______was her second!
We’ve been married for thirty-six years. Thank you, Trixie!
21. A. misled B. distrusted C. misunderstood D. disappointed
22. A. belief B. experience C. doubt D. interest
23. A. aware B. nervous C. sorry D. afraid
24. A. finished B. avoided C. continued D. postponed
25. A. modest B. still C. energetic D. optimistic
26. A. stopped B. protected C. comforted D. approached
27. A. admitted B. nodded C. refused D. apologized
28. A. lovingly B. jokingly C. patiently D. regretfully
29. A. called for B. left out C. started with D. focused on
30. A. confusion B. anger C. concern D. embarrassment
31. A. plan B. duty C. right D. chance
32. A. warning B. knowledge C. recommendation D. direction
33. A. make B. lend C. throw D. owe
34. A. allowed B. urged C. forced D. took
35. A. praise B. pleasure C. food D. friendship
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只信任主人的狗Trixie，Jason想追求其主人，每天扔饼干给Trixie，获得她信任，最终通过这种方式和主人相识、相恋并结婚的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她深爱着我，但不信任任何人。A. misled误导；B. distrusted不信任；C. misunderstood误解；D. disappointed失望。根据上文“She loved me dearly”和转折词but可知，Trixie除了主人不信任任何人。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对他不感兴趣，我想读完我的书，所以我说：“只要你能越过我的狗。”A. belief信念；B. experience经验；C. doubt怀疑；D. interest兴趣。根据下文“and I wanted to finish my book”可知，作者对同事Jason不感兴趣。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很清楚这是不可能发生的，所以我继续读下去。 A. aware知道的；B. nervous紧张的；C. sorry抱歉的；D. afraid害怕的。根据下文“this wasn’t going to happen”可知，作者知道同事不可能越过自己的狗。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很清楚这是不可能发生的，所以我继续读下去。A. finished完成；B. avoided避免；C. continued继续；D. postponed推迟。根据上文“I was quite ____3____ that this wasn’t going to happen,”可知，作者自认为同事不可能越过自己的狗，所以继续读书。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Trixie奇怪地一动不动。A. modest谦虚的；B. still静止的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据下文“Jason walked confidently toward me.”（Jason自信地向我走来）可知，见到同事Jason，Trixie奇怪地一动不动。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Trixie站起来，走近Jason，舔了舔他的手。A. stopped停止；B. protected保护；C. comforted安慰；D. approached靠近。根据下文“and licked his hand.”可知，Trixie走近同事Jason并舔了舔他的手。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我怔住了，点了点头。A. admitted承认；B. nodded点头；C. refused拒绝；D. apologized道歉。根据上文“He asked, “May I sit down?””可知，作者点头同意同事坐下。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他说：“这是一只很好的狗，”深情地看着她。A. lovingly钟情地；B. jokingly开玩笑地；C. patiently耐心地；D. regretfully遗憾地。根据上文““This is a very nice dog,” looking at her”及下文可知，同事Jason深情地看着Trixie。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，我们的故事是从一只狗和一块饼干开始的。A. called for需求；B. left out遗漏；C. started with以……开始；D. focused on集中在。根据下文“a dog and a cookie”及下文可知，同事Jason和作者的故事是从一只狗和一块饼干开始的。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到我脸上的困惑，他告诉我：他从我哥哥那里知道，如果他能和我的狗交朋友，那么他可能有机会娶我。A. confusion困惑；B. anger愤怒；C. concern关心；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据上文“He told me that our story____9____ a dog and a cookie.”可知，作者对两人的之间的故事感到困惑。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到我脸上的困惑，他告诉我：他从我哥哥那里知道，如果他能和我的狗交朋友，那么他可能有机会娶我。A. plan计划；B. duty责任；C. right权利；D. chance机会。根据上文“if he could make friends with my dog,”可知，作者哥哥告诉Jason，如果能搞定作者的狗，就有机会娶作者。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，每天，在我不知情的情况下，他都会经过我们的篱笆。A. warning警告；B. knowledge知识；了解；C. recommendation推荐；D. direction方向。根据下文“he’d walk by our fence.”可知，Jason每天在作者不了解的情况下会来到作者家附近。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Trixie吠叫把他吓跑时，他就扔给她一块饼干。A. make制造；B. lend借走；C. throw扔；D. owe欠。根据上文“When Trixie barked to scare him away,”可知，Trixie吠叫，Jason就扔给她一块饼干。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，她让他进来了，因为虽然我是她的首爱，但食物是她的第二爱!A. allowed允许；B. urged敦促；C. forced强迫；D. took带走。根据上文“When Trixie barked to scare him away, he’d_____13_____her a cookie.”可知，因为经常喂Trixie饼干，所以她让他进来。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，她让他进来了，因为虽然我是她首爱，但食物是她的第二爱!A. praise赞扬；B. pleasure愉快；C. food食物；D. friendship友谊。根据上文“although I was her first love,”可知，食物是Trixie的第二爱。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案填写在答题卡上。
About 385, 000 people from 192 countries take part in the yearly project to count birds. The event____36____(launch)for the first time 25 years ago.
Steve and Janet Kistler from the American state of Kentucky are among those ____37____(involve) themselves in it. They’ve done so every year____38____the now-international tradition started in 1998. For Moira Dalibor, ___39___ schoolteacher from nearby Lexington, this is her first event. She’s leading a group of students and parents to a garden ____40____(collect) data.
Becca Rodomsky-Bish,____41____works at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology in New York, is the project’s leader. The Lab organizes the Great Backyard Bird Count (GBBC) along with the National Audubon Society and Birds Canada. “Every year we see increased participation, and 2022 was a big jump,” Becca said. In India, which had the ____42____(high) participation outside the US last year, tens of thousands of people submitted bird checklists.
The worldwide data goes into the eBird database used by scientists for research on different bird ____43____(population). The GBBC is part of a rise in “citizen science" projects in which volunteers collect data about the____44____(nature) world for use by researchers. The information helps researchers track the numbers of different kinds of birds, which then helps with their _____45_____(protect).
【答案】36. was launched
37. involving
38. since 39. a
40. to collect
41. who 42. highest
43. populations
44. natural
45. protection
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一年一度的鸟类统计活动——GBBC项目，介绍了该项目的具体内容以及其意义。
【36题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：该活动于25年前首次推出。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“25 years ago”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语为“the event”，和动词launch之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was launched。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：来自美国肯塔基州的Steve 和 Janet Kistler也参与其中。这里为非谓语动词担当those的后置定语，和those之间为主动关系，用动词的ing形式。故填involving。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：自1998年这一国际传统开始以来，他们每年都这样做。根据句意以及主从句时态可知，空处为since，意为“自从”。考查since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。故填since。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：Moira Dalibor是莱克星顿附近的一名教师，这是她第一次参加活动。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词，schoolteacher发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她带领一群学生和家长到一个花园收集数据。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词的不定式形式。故填to collect。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Becca Rodomsky-Bish在纽约康奈尔鸟类学实验室工作，是该项目的负责人。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Becca Rodomsky-Bish”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用who。故填who。
【42题详解】
考查最高级。句意：印度是去年除美国外参与人数最多的国家，成千上万的人提交了鸟类清单。根据下文的“tens of thousands of people submitted bird checklists”可知，印度是除美国外参与人数最多的国家，用形容词最高级。故填highest。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：世界范围内的数据进入eBird数据库，供科学家研究不同的鸟类种群。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式，根据空前的different可知，空处为可数名词复数形式。故填populations。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：GBBC是“公民科学”项目兴起的一部分，在这些项目中，志愿者收集有关自然世界的数据供研究人员使用。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词，修饰空后的world。故填natural。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些信息有助于研究人员追踪不同种类鸟类的数量，从而有助于保护它们。根据空前的形容词性物主代词their可知，空处为名词形式。故填protection。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，本周六你班将组织一次乡村旅游活动。请你就此事给外教Mr. Smith写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.发出邀请；
2. 活动内容；
3. 期待回复。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Smith,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m writing to invite you to join us in a trip to the countryside this Saturday.
We’ll gather at the school gate at 8 am. Ten minutes later we’ll leave for our destination by bus. It’ll be a thirty- minute ride. Upon arrival, we’ll first visit a farm, where we can feed chickens and pick strawberries. After that we’ll go fishing near the farm. At noon, we’ll have a picnic lunch by the river. We’ll return at 3 pm.
Would you like to go with us. Looking forward to your reply!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，本周六你班将组织一次乡村旅游活动。请你就此事给外教Mr. Smith写一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
旅行：trip→journey
出发：leave for→set for
返回：return→get back
参观：visit→tour
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：We’ll gather at the school gate at 8 am. Ten minutes later we’ll leave for our destination by bus.
拓展句：After we gather at the school gate at 8 am, ten minutes later we’ll leave for our destination by bus.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Upon arrival, we’ll first visit a farm, where we can feed chickens and pick strawberries. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I’m writing to invite you to join us in a trip to the countryside this Saturday. (运用了不定式作后置定语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Eight-year-old Kayzen Hunter visits Waffle House every weekend to have breakfast with his family. They always choose to sit in Devonte Gardner’s section, because they get the best care from their favorite waiter.
The family instantly felt close to Gardner, who would greet Kayzen with a high-five every time they entered the restaurant. Kayzen never needed to say his order again, because Gardner already knew it by heart. The family really believes he’s the nicest person ever, which is why they were eager to help him when they learned his story.
One day, while dining at the restaurant with his grandfather John Donofrio, Kayzen discovered that behind Gardner’s kindness and warmth were a lot of personal struggles. At the time, Gardner asked the pair if they knew where he could buy an affordable car to use to get to work. It turned out the waiter had been walking a long distance to and from work every day. He and his family, consisting of a wife and two young daughters, were living in a motel (汽车旅馆) room after their apartment became unsuitable to live in. They had been living in a motel for months.
Kayzen couldn’t erase his friend’s story from his mind, so he immediately told his mom about it when he got home. “We have to start a GoFundMe page and help Gardner get a car!” he kept saying. He didn’t give up on the idea until his mom Vittoria gave in. Their goal was to get $5,000 in donations so Gardner could purchase a car. Vittoria and her husband were eager to help their son achieve the goal, especially since they had the same experience years ago. It took a long time to rebuild their lives, but they were able to bounce back. Now, they wanted to help Devonte do the same.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A local news station picked up the story, and before they knew it, more donations began pouring in.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Upon discovering what Kayzen had done, Gardner wept.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A local news station picked up the story, and before they knew it, more donations began pouring in. Soon, they achieved their goal, $5,000, and the number kept increasing. They now had over $100, 000 in donations for Gardner and his family. The money was more than enough for a car, and would enable Gardner and his family to move out of the motel and live in a more comfortable space for over a year. Soon, they thought it was time to let Gardner know what they had done for him, so they visited Gardner and his family on a sunny day.
Upon discovering what Kayzen had done, Gardner wept. He expressed his thankfulness to all the people who had helped him and his family. Now they had over $100, 000 in donations to help them bounce back. After renting a simple apartment and purchasing a car. Gardner went to work at ease and lived comfortably with his family. After he was no longer worried about his life, he thought he should put forward this act of kindness, so he gave the extra money to these who were in need like him, and he hoped someone would continue this great circle.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了8岁的Kayzen Hunter得知自己喜欢的服务员Gardner遇到困难后，决定通过筹款的方式帮助他。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当地一家新闻电台报道了这个故事，在他们意识到之前，更多的捐款开始涌入。”可知，第一段可描写越来越多的人开始为Gardner捐款。
②由第二段首句内容“得知Kayzen的所作所为后，Gardner哭了。”可知，第二段可描写Gardner甚为感动，决定将爱传递下去。
2.续写线索：同情并为Gardner筹款——捐款蜂拥而至——拜访Gardner——Gardner非常感动——将爱传递下去
3.词汇激活
行类
①实现目标：achieve one’s goal/realize one’s goal
②增加：increase/grow
③拜访：visit/pay a visit to
情绪类
①感谢：thankfulness/gratitude
②担忧的：worried/concerned
【点睛】【高分句型1】Soon, they thought it was time to let Gardner know what they had done for him, so they visited Gardner and his family on a sunny day. (运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句和what引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】He expressed his thankfulness to all the people who had helped him and his family. (运用了who引导的定语从句)
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