高考英语全程考评 特训卷 课下天天练二十 含解析

这是一份高考英语全程考评 特训卷 课下天天练二十 含解析，共12页。
课下天天练(二十)　阅读语言运用组合练姓名________　班级________　考号________　时间：45分钟Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2022·太原市高三模拟考试(三)]Wearing a caveman mask, Dr.John Marzluff walks across the campus at the University of Washington in Seattle. Crows (乌鸦) circle and squawk (尖叫), diving at him and going away.Beneath the mask, he smiles. Days before he and his students, wearing caveman masks, rapped them and placed colored plastic bands on their legs. Then they released the unhappy birds. When the researchers wandered around campus without the masks, the crows they had caught and banded did not react to them. But when the same humans walked by while wearing the masks, the crows scolded loudly and dived at their “enemies”． At first, only the banded birds reacted aggressively to the people in masks. But in later tests more and more crows joined in, and even when the banded birds were not around. “Crows think and dream, fight and play, reason and take risks，” he says. “Their antics confuse us.” This led him to study how crows' brains work. He and his students wore one type of mask as they captured crows and brought them into the lab, training them to link that face with danger. Then a different kind of mask for more positive activities, such as feeding and caring. Then he worked with scientists at the university who scan animal brains to see which parts of a crow's brain do certain tasks. Surprisingly, the scientists found that when the crow saw the “danger” mask, one part of its brain became active. When the crow saw the “feeding and caring” mask, a different part of its brain lit up. The team has shown that crows use the same parts of their brains for recognizing what humans do—something that was not known before! More than 10 years after the first mask experiment, campus crows still scold the “cavemen”．Crows also recognize people who are kind to them. Crows are always watching us and they remember.1．Why does Dr. John Marzluff smile?A.He intends to show his kindness.                B.He realizes his trick has worked.C.He is amused by the happy crows.               D.He is embarrassed at the crows' response.2．What does the underlined word “antics” in the third paragraph probably refer to?A．Ways of behaving.                             B.Hunting types.C.Flying models.                                 D.Chances of survival.3．Which of the following words can best describe the crows according to the text?A.Sociable, intelligent and observant.             B.Noisy, dangerous and annoying.C.Reasonable, cautious and aggressive.            D.Strong­headed, proud and popular.4．What can we conclude about crows from the fourth paragraph?A.They share the same wisdom as humans do.B.They never forgive those who once hurt them.C.They only recognize the people who are bad to them.D.They perform tasks with different parts of their brains.B[2022·潍坊市高三联考]You've likely encountered the humblebrag before—boasting (吹嘘) disguised as a complaint, such as：“I'm having such a stressful day. I got two job offers and I don't know what to do.”This is a typical example of humblebragging, a term coined by comedic writer Harris Wittels referring to “a specific type of boast that allows the offender to broadcast their achievements without the necessary shame and guilt that should normally accompany such claims”. In simpler terms, it's a way to disguise a boast with some humility.  Humblebragging comes in two different forms. The first is humility­based, an example being, “I can't believe I got the highest grade in my class”. The second type comes mixed with a bit of complaint, for example，“I can't believe that shopkeeper asked me for ID. I'm 25！”People don't like when others humblebrag because they find they are lacking in sincerity. Sincerity is a critical dimension of social evaluation, which is viewed as fundamental to people's identity. In fact, sincerity is prized even above competence and warmth in others, according to Dr. Sezer. If humblebragging doesn't work, and no one likes it, why do we still do it? We all want to highlight our positive qualities without seeming proud. By speaking in a complaint or an expression of humility, we hope we'll somehow land on the “sweet spot” of self­presentation: promoting ourselves while also conveying likability. In addition, research suggests that people may experience positive emotions while humblebragging. Considering  that we're  all  likely  to  feel the  urge  to humblebrag, at least to some extent, the proper response when we hear a friend doing it may be to simply let it go—because ultimately we're going to do it ourselves, and who really want to be called out on it?5．Which of the following remarks is an example of humblebragging?A．How I hate hearing my voice on TV!B．I'm thrilled to be awarded the first prize.C．I'm the only person to get promoted in the firm.D．How I dislike doing the same thing every day!6．Which can best describe people's impression of humblebraggers?A．Honest.                         B．Humble.C．Insincere.                       D．Incapable.7．Why do people humblebrag?A．To lift their spirits.B．To express their complaints.C．To improve their moral qualities.D．To show off without bringing annoyance.8．What are people advised to do when hearing a humblebrag from a friend?A．Follow it up.B.Leave it alone.C．Turn against it.D.Get to the root of it.Ⅱ.七选五[2022·山东省实验中学一模] When life gets busy, personal priorities, self­care, or “me­time” may start to be ignored. But taking care of your own needs is not a luxury. Prioritizing your own needs is what allows you to run smoothly and to bring your best to your other priorities and challenges.__1__Therefore, don't expect to get it perfect or to see instant benefits. Try these tips and enjoy a more fulfilling life.•Start claiming 10－15 minutes a day for yourself. It won't take away from your productivity; it will increase it.__2__Pay attention to how you feel and what you need. Try not to save this for the end of the day when you are too tired to move and your brain has stopped working.•Plan for food that fuels you—especially when time is tight. Make sure you have the groceries that you need. Choose foods that are nutritious. Don't skip breakfast, have a plan for lunch, and don't starve yourself before dinner.__3__•Cut the multitasking.__4__Practice focusing on doing one thing at a time. You won't get it perfect, but that's okay. Many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted and can't focus on one activity.•__5__It's often a signal that life is out of balance and your personal priorities need more attention. We have to pay attention and develop other ways of caring for ourselves instead of turning to food, so improvements are possible. This can be complicated but it doesn't have to be overwhelming. A．No starvation diets. B．Take emotional eating seriously. C．Use this time to connect with yourself. D．It stresses us out and makes us less efficient. E．It ensures you a sense of satisfaction and achievement. F．Actually, learning to prioritize your own needs is a process. G．When your well­being isn't a priority, just about everything goes downhill.Ⅲ.完形填空[2022·郑州市第三次质量预测] When I was small, my grandfather used to wheel me through a local garden nearby. Looking up at the trees helped me fall asleep. I've spent all my adult life working with trees, and the past 14 years working in the garden. Recently, our money­raising team was looking for different __1__to raise money to help__2__the redwood (红杉) avenue at our site. Some of the staff suggested I do a sponsored tree­hugging charity (慈善) event. I wasn't __3__  whether people would be interested in an old man hugging trees to __4__money. But my colleagues thought it was __5__. So, I agreed to hug 350 trees, of as many different __6__as I could find, in a year.My tree­hugging technique is based on making a maximum __7__， which means putting my arms as far around as they'll go and leaning (倚靠) on the tree. I'd head out with a photographer. It was __8__a tree­hugging fashion shoot with us going on a hike __9__the next tree that spoke to us. I was struck by how different the __10__was with each tree. The most touchable ones stood out, particularly the small redwoods. That was in June, when we'd had weeks of dry weather. You were getting an almost Californian smell from them, which __11__me. My dream tree __12__is going to California to see the large redwoods. I wouldn't be able to hug those, so I would just __13__and wonder at them.If you've __14__hugged a tree, I strongly recommend it. Getting up close to one makes you appreciate its __15__structure. If you were to__16__humans to create such a wonderful structure, they would never be able to do it.Tree hugging is a wonderful way of __17__ with nature on a deep level. That's something I think we all need more of, considering the __18__ pace of modern life. Tree hugging can help us __19__ to appreciate the small things in life. Above all, trees can teach us patience. Their life is longer than ours, so they help us to connect with a different feeling of __20__．, 1．A.suggestions    B．organizations   C.trees    D．advertisements2．A.check    B．protect   C.widen    D．clear3．A.sure    B．excited   C.aware    D．worried4．A.earn    B．save   C.donate    D．afford5．A.amusing    B．confusing   C.inspiring    D．surprising6．A.varieties    B．places   C.shapes    D．characters7．A.measure    B．choice   C.calculation    D．touch8．A.merely    B．practically   C.personally    D．naturally9．A.in need of    B．in search of   C.in terms of    D．in favor of10．A.experience    B．memory   C.sharing    D．discussion11．A.controlled    B．changed   C.affected    D．transported12．A.greeting    B．trip   C.viewing    D．plan13．A.look out    B．drive away   C.stand back    D．calm down14．A.just    B．ever   C.even    D．never15．A.fantastic    B．firm   C.simple    D．rough16．A.forbid    B．challenge   C.persuade    D．encourage17．A.mixing    B．matching   C.connecting    D．working18．A.smart    B．fast   C.regular    D．steady19．A.drop away    B．knock around    C.speed up    D．slow down20．A.time    B．duty   C.hug    D．pressureⅣ.语法填空[2022·合肥市第三次质量检测]The history of Chinese Teachers' Day 1．________ (date) back to the Han Dynasty. It is a day of respecting teachers and education. In the past, on the birthday of Confucius, the emperor, 2．________ (follow) by court officials, would go to Confucius Temple in honor of the ancient philosopher and would also invite royal teachers to the court for a feast. And on this day, teachers around the nation enjoyed 3．________day's break and 4．________(give) dried meat as gifts.Excellent teachers would be chosen from academies and 5．________(institution) across the kingdom to report 6．________(they) deeds to the royal court and be presented with 500 liang silver coins as awards. In the Qing Dynasty, well­performing teachers would be promoted to 7．________(high) positions than before or obtain a salary rise.The customs to show respect to teachers varied from region to region. Today, the goal of Teachers' Day is to form a social climate 8．________teachers are respected and knowledge is valued. And its date is 9．________(official) set at the beginning of the school year. The celebration includes congratulations 10．________ students, recommending outstanding teachers, the exchange of ideas among teachers and so on.课下天天练（二十）　阅读语言运用组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——科学研究——乌鸦可以识别自己的敌人和朋友【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了华盛顿大学的John Marzluff博士通过面具实验发现乌鸦时隔多年之后仍能识别自己的敌人和朋友。1．答案与解析：B　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段和第三段的内容可知，John Marzluff博士和他的学生之前戴着野人面具敲打过乌鸦，试图检测乌鸦是否能记得他们，当他发现同一批乌鸦袭击他时，他认为自己的实验成功了，于是笑了，故B项正确。2．答案与解析：A　考查理解词汇的能力。根据第一段尾句、第二段尾句和第三段前两句可知，下划线词指的就是前面描述的乌鸦的行为，故A项“行为方式”与下划线词的意思最为接近。3．答案与解析：A　考查推断的能力。根据第二段中的“But when the same humans walked by while wearing the masks, the crows scolded loudly and dived at their ‘enemies’”和最后一段中的“Crows also recognize people who are kind to them”可知，乌鸦很聪明也善于观察；再根据第三段中的“At first, only the banded birds reacted aggressively to the people in masks. But in later tests more and more crows joined in”可知，乌鸦是群体性的动物，社交性较强，故A项正确。4．答案与解析：D　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第四段中的“the scientists found that when the crow saw the ‘danger’ mask, one part of its brain became active. When the crow saw the ‘feeding and caring’ mask, a different part of its brain lit up”可知，乌鸦在面对不同任务时，大脑的不同区域在起作用，故D项正确。B语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——人际交往——“凡尔赛”文学【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了一种人们在日常交流中会用到的说话方式：以看似谦虚的方式或用苦恼的口吻自吹自擂，即网络上流行的“凡尔赛”文学。5．答案与解析：A　考查推断的能力。根据第二段中对humblebragging的定义“a specific type of boast that allows the offender to broadcast their achievements without the necessary shame and guilt that should normally accompany such claims”可知，humblebragging是一种以看似谦虚的方式或用苦恼的口吻吹嘘自己的说话方式，故A项正确。6．答案与解析：C　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的“People don't like when others humblebrag because they find they are lacking in sincerity”可知，当人们听到别人吹嘘自己的时候，会觉得说话者不真诚，故C项正确。humble“谦逊的”；insincere“不诚恳的，虚伪的”；incapable“无能力的”。7．答案与解析：D　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第四段中的“We all want to highlight our positive qualities without seeming proud”可知，人们以看似谦虚的方式或用苦恼的口吻吹嘘自己是为了以一种不让人感到生气的方式炫耀自己，故D项正确。8．答案与解析：B　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据最后一段中的“the proper response when we hear a friend doing it may be to simply let it go”可知，在面对别人吹嘘他们自己的时候，我们最好的回应是置之不理，故B项正确。Ⅱ.七选五语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自我——关于自我——如何优先考虑自己的需求【语篇解读】　主要介绍了怎样优先考虑自己的需求过更有意义的生活并对此提出了四点建议。1．答案与解析：F　空格前讲优先考虑你自己的需求使你的生活顺利，并把最好的（一面）用在其他优先考虑的事情和挑战上；空格后讲因此，不要期望它是完美的或期望看到立竿见影的好处。F项“事实上，学会优先考虑你自己的需求是一个过程”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。2．答案与解析：C　空格前讲每天给自己10至15分钟。它不会影响你的工作效率，它将提高你的工作效率；空格后讲注意你的感受和你所需要的东西。C项“利用这段时间与自己建立联系”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。3．答案与解析：A　空格前讲不要不吃早餐，午餐要有计划，晚饭前不要饿着自己。A项“不要饥饿饮食”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。4．答案与解析：D　空格前讲减少多项任务处理；空格后讲练习一次只专注于做一件事。D项“它使我们感到压力，并使我们效率低下”承上启下，符合语境。故选D。5．答案与解析：B　空格后讲这通常是生活失衡的信号，你的个人优先事项需要更多的关注。我们必须注意并使用其他方式来照顾自己，而不是依赖食物，所以改善是可能的。B项“认真对待情绪化饮食”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选B。【长难句分析】Try not to save this for the end of the day when you are too tired to move and your brain has stopped working.（第二段最后一句）分析：本句是一个主从复合句。when引导定语从句，先行词是the end of the day。译文：尽量不要等到一天结束的时候再省出这个（时间），那时你太累而不想动了，而你的大脑也停止工作了。词汇积累：prioritize v．优先处理　fulfilling adj.令人满意的　multitasking n．多任务处理　complicated adj.复杂的　overwhelming adj.压倒性的Ⅲ.完形填空语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——拥抱树【语篇解读】　作者从小就与树结下了不解之缘，长大之后也一直从事园林方面的工作。为了筹款保护红杉树林荫道，作者发起了一项拥抱树的筹款慈善活动。拥抱树给了作者与树亲密接触的机会和与大自然建立良好关系的契机。拥抱树可以让人们放慢生活的节奏，以不同的方式感受时间。1．答案与解析：A　考查词汇复现。根据下文中的“Some of the staff suggested I do a sponsored tree­hugging charity （慈善） event”可知，我们的筹款团队在寻找筹款的不同建议。2．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，作者在过去的14年里一直在园林工作，整个成年生活都在和树木打交道，因此筹款的目的应是保护红杉林荫道。3．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据下文中的“But my colleagues thought it was 　5　Ｗ. So, I agreed to hug 350 trees”可知，作者在同事的鼓励下同意了拥抱树，因此起初作者对于这个想法并没有信心，不确定人们对于这一想法是否感兴趣。4．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，作者通过拥抱树来鼓励人们捐款。5．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据下文中的“So, I agreed to hug 350 trees” 可知，同事们认为这件事情富有启发性，所以作者最后同意了。6．答案与解析：A　考查常识推断。既然作者决定去拥抱树，那么他会尽可能多地去拥抱更多种类的树。7．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。结合下文中的“which means putting my arms as far around as they'll go and leaning （倚靠） on the tree”可知，作者去拥抱树就是去尽自己最大的努力触摸树。下文中的“The most touchable ones stood out”也是提示。8．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据上文中的“I'd head out with a photographer”可知，作者远足的时候会带着一个摄影师，这实际上是一个拥抱树的时装摄影。9．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据上文中的“of as many different 　6　 as I could find”可知，作者会拥抱很多种类的树，因此此处表示寻找下一棵树。in need of “需要……时”；in terms of “就……而言，在……方面”；in favor of “支持；赞同”。10．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，和每棵树拥抱的经历都是不一样的。11．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据语境和下文中的“My dream tree 　12　 is going to California to see the large redwoods”可知，干燥的天气让作者从树木中闻到了加州的味道，这让他有了身临加州的感觉。transport“使产生身临其境的感觉”。12．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。结合语境可知，既然干燥的天气让作者有了身临加州的感觉，那么作者最梦想去到的地方便是加州了。13．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据前半句中的“I wouldn't be able to hug those”可知，作者无法拥抱这些树，因此只好退后为他们感到诧异。14．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，如果你之前没有拥抱过树，我强烈推荐你去拥抱树。15．答案与解析：A　考查词汇复现。结合下文中的“create such a wonderful structure”可知，走近树的话，你会欣赏到它极好的结构。fantastic“极好的，了不起的”。16．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。结合语境可知，如果你考验人类的技能去创造这样的结构，人类是无法做到的。17．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。结合语境可知，拥抱树是和自然建立深度联系的一种美好方式。18．答案与解析：B　考查常识推断。根据常识可知，现代生活节奏是快的。19．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，拥抱树可以让我们放慢速度，欣赏生活中的小事。drop away“减弱，减少”；knock around“闲逛，漫游”。20．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。结合语境可知，树的寿命比我们长，拥抱树感受自然给予了我们另一种感受时间的方式。Ⅳ.语法填空语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——传统节日——教师节【语篇解读】　本文主要讲了教师节的起源及在这一特殊节日向教师表达尊重的不同习俗和方式。1．答案与解析：dates　考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，date在本句中作谓语动词。结合语境可知，此处介绍教师节的起源，讲述的是客观情况，需用一般现在时；“date back to”不用被动语态；主语The history of Chinese Teachers' Day为单数，所以空处需要填dates。2．答案与解析：followed　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词，此处应为非谓语动词；follow与其逻辑主语the emperor之间形成了动宾关系，所以空处需要填followed。3．答案与解析：a　考查冠词。结合语境“在这一天，全国各地的老师享受一天的假期”可知，此处需要用到冠词；“一天的假期”表泛指，且后面的名词day的发音以辅音音素开头，所以空处需要填a。4．答案与解析：were given　考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，give在本句中作谓语，与前面的enjoyed并列，所以时态也应该用一般过去时；“全国各地的老师被给予风干的肉作为礼物”表被动；主语teachers around the nation为复数形式，所以空处需要填were given。5．答案与解析：institutions　考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处与前面的名词复数academies并列，所以空处也需要填名词复数，故填institutions。6．答案与解析：their　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的名词deeds，需要用到形容词性物主代词，所以填their。7．答案与解析：higher　考查形容词比较级。根据本句中的“than before”和语境可知，空处需要用到形容词的比较级，所以填higher。8．答案与解析：where　考查关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a social climate（为抽象地点），空处在从句中作地点状语，所以填where。9．答案与解析：officially　考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语动词，需要用到副词，所以填officially。10．答案与解析：from　考查介词。根据语境“庆祝活动包括来自学生的祝贺”可知，空处需要填from。