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江西省南昌市2023届高三英语下学期一模试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份江西省南昌市2023届高三英语下学期一模试题（Word版附解析），共26页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
20230607项目第一次模拟测试卷
英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15 B. £9.18 C. £9.15
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man’s task?
A. Sweeping the floor. B. Doing the dishes. C. Cleaning the living room.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Mike, we should do some housework. Our place is really messy.
M: You’re right. I can do the dishes.
W: Okay. I’ll clean the living room and floor.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the man do next?
A. Ask other people. B. Comfort the woman. C. Buy a new phone.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Oh, no! I think I just lost my new phone! I can’t find it anywhere.
M: What does it look like? Maybe I can help.
W: It’s a black Huawei Mate 40.
M: OK. Let me ask around.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How old is the woman now?
A. 35. B. 40. C. 45.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Peter, do you know that hair loss can make people look 10 years older than they actually are. So, please be honest with me. Is my hairline going up?
M: Well maybe, but just a tiny bit.
W: Oh no! I’m only 35 now. At this speed, I’ll lose all my hair when I’m 40.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the woman?
A. A doctor. B. A patient. C. An assistant.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, Doctor Lee’s office. How can I help you?
M: Hi, I’d like to make an appointment for tomorrow. I feel sick, and I have a lot of pain in my stomach.
W: Okay. Doctor Lee will be available tomorrow morning at 10:00.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much will the speakers pay?
A. $ 12. B. $24. C. $25.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: $ 25 per hour? That’s so much.
M: All of these parking lots are full. This is the only empty one.
W: We can find some street parking. Oh, there’s one. Behind the blue car. It only charges$ 12 per hour. We will park for 2 hours.
M: Okay. Let’s park there.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Which name was finally set on the student card?
A. Benedict. B. Frederick. C. Gladwell.
7. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the reading room. B. In the dining hall. C. At the registration office.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, it’s my first day at the school. Can I get my student card here?
W: Sure. I can do that for you. What’s your name, please?
M: It’s Benedict Frederick Gladwell.
W: Sorry, could you spell your name out? Or actually, could you write that down for me?
M: Sure. I’ll write that down for you. Here you go.
W: Thank you. Oh, I’m afraid there isn’t enough space on the card for your full name.
M: You can just use my first name. No need to use my middle name and last name.
W: OK, you’re all set. Welcome to our school, Benedict!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What does the man think of a short sleep at noon at first?
A. Unnecessary. B. Inconvenient. C. Impossible.
9. How does the man usually feel in the afternoon?
A. Energetic. B. Spiritless. C. Relaxed.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
【原文】M: What a great lunch! I’m totally full.
W: Me too I think I’m going to take a short sleep.
M: A short sleep? What are you, a baby?
W: I always sleep after lunch. It’s good for me!
M: Don’t you get enough sleep at night?
W: I do, but a short sleep at noon is different. It gives me energy and improves my mood.
M: Maybe I should try it too. My energy is always so low and I usually have a bad mood in the afternoon. How long should I sleep for?
W: Set your alarm for 20 minutes or so. You won’t regret it!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What are the speakers eating?
A. Pumpkin. B. Pears. C. Corns.
11 What is one of the benefits of pear soup?
A. Curing flu. B. Relieving sore throat. C. Fighting cold weather.
12. What will the woman bring to the man next time?
A. Coffee. B. Soup. C. Sugar.
【答案】10. C 11. B 12. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Wow, that smells so good! What did you buy, Susan?
W: Water boiled corns! You know it’s autumn when they start selling these on the streets. Do you want to try?
M: Of course! Wow, yummy! That’s nice! In America, you know it’s autumn when cafes start selling pumpkin lattes.
W: I’ve heard. I think the idea is similar. It’s all about the seasonal produce and warm flavors.
M: Yeah, so what other types of food do you guys eat in the fall?
W: Lots of fresh fruits, like pears. We even make pear soup. We cook pear soup with sugar, so it’s sweet. It’s great for sore throat and helps fight the dry weather. It also can help prevent flu.
M: Sounds like what I need right now. I never know that fruits can be cooked!
W: I’ll bring you some when I make pear soup next time.
M: Aw, you re too kind. Coffee is on me!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What’s the problem with the man’s speech?
A. Its content. B. Its language. C. Its delivery way.
14. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Use cards. B. Read out loud. C. Memorize the speech,
15. What will the audience be interested in?
A. Amusing anecdotes. B. Rich body language. C. A clear outline.
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student.
B. Interviewer and interviewee.
C. Husband and wife.
【答案】13. C 14. A 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: What do you think of my speech, honey? Too dull? Give me some advice.
W: Well, it was not bad! The delivery could be a little unnatural at times though.
M: Should I try to memorize the speech instead of reading it then?
W: To be honest, neither will help you connect with an audience. You can work with an outline and use cards to remind you.
M: Oh, that makes more sense. Anything else?
W: If I were you, I’d try to be more active and use hand gestures.
M: I suppose I could be more aware of my body language.
W: Right. Also it wouldn’t kill you to add in a funny story or two. The audience will be very interested.
M: Oh, I see. Thanks, honey.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Words with no sense. B. Sentences with no verbs. C. Phrases with no grammar.
18. Who is believed to use “Long time no see” first?
A. Americans. B. Chinese. C. British.
19. What should you pay attention to while using “No can do”?
A. The way you use it. B. The purpose it serves. C. The people you talk to.
20. What happened to “So far so good”?
A. It was criticized at first. B. It was accepted soon. C. It has changed many times.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Have you stressed about learning perfect grammar, just like a native speaker? Actually, Americans make so many grammar mistakes that often certain phrases become accepted and considered correct, even though they’re incorrect. Here are some common phrases that really have no grammar at all.
The first one is “Long time no see”. Maybe it is one of the first expressions you learn in English, yet it makes no sense grammatically. Many people believe the origin of this phrase is from Chinese, but native speakers are happy to say this to friends and family.
The second one is “No can do”. This one also starts from Chinese, but quickly became accepted into native speakers. It means I can’t do it. It’s a fun way to say that something won’t work or you can’t do something. Just be careful as this one is quite informal, so it’s best to put “sorry” in front of it.
The third one is “So far, so good”. As you can see, there is no verb in this expression, so it’s not grammatical at all, but it’s accepted quickly because it’s a direct way to say so far, everything is okay.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
A
Must-See Landmarks For Your Xi’an Tour
Serving as the capital of China for 13 dynasties, Xi’ an, capital of Shaanxi province has numerous historical sites and relics. If you are planning a tour of Xi’an taking less than 3 days, check out these recommended attractions, which we think best capture the spirit of the ancient city.
The Terracotta Army
The Terracotta Army is one of the most significant archaeological finds in the world and one of the greatest discoveries of the 20th century.
Discovered in 1974, the army of Terracotta Warriors was constructed by China’s First Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221 BC-207 BC). It is a collection of thousands of life-size terracotta soldiers, horses and chariots in battle formation, through which people can get a great insight into the history, military development and culture of ancient China in that period.
Ancient City Wall
Xi’an City Wall was built in the 14th century by Zhu Yuanzhang, the first Emperor of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) as a military defense system. Now it is one of the oldest and best-preserved Chinese city walls. When you take a walk or cycle on the massive wall, you can enjoy a good view of the city.
Giant Wild Goose Pagoda
One of China’s most famous Buddhist pagodas, the Giant Wild Goose Pagoda was built in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) specially for the study of Buddhist scriptures. Situated in Da Ci’en Temple, the pagoda was built with layers of bricks and has a grand structure that gives it a holy appearance. It is a good example of traditional Chinese architecture.
21. What do the Terracotta Army and Ancient City Wall have in common?
A. They both reflect military history.
B. They show China’s first emperor’ s ambition.
C. They are great discoveries of 20th century.
D. They are the best-preserved tourist attractions.
22. What makes Giant Wild Goose Pagoda special?
A. Its building bricks. B. Its grand structure.
C. Its holy appearance. D. Its religious purpose.
23. Where is the text probably from?
A. A geography textbook. B. A news report.
C. A tourist guidebook. D. A science magazine.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了去西安旅游必去的三个旅游景点——秦始皇兵马俑，西安古城墙和大雁塔。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Terracotta Army中“It is a collection of thousands of life-size terracotta soldiers, horses and chariots in battle formation, through which people can get a great insight into the history, military development and culture of ancient China in that period.( 秦始皇兵马俑收集了成千上万的真人大小的兵马俑，战马和战车，通过它人们可以很好地了解那个时期中国古代的历史，军事发展和文化。)”和Ancient City Wall中“Xi’an City Wall was built in the 14th century by Zhu Yuanzhang, the first Emperor of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) as a military defense system.( 西安城墙始建于14世纪，由明朝第一位皇帝朱元璋(1368-1644)修建，作为军事防御系统。)”可知，秦始皇兵马俑和西安古城墙的共同之处在于它们都反映了军事历史。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“One of China’s most famous Buddhist pagodas, the Giant Wild Goose Pagoda was built in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) specially for the study of Buddhist scriptures. (大雁塔是中国最著名的佛塔之一，建于唐代(618-907)，专门用于佛经研究。)”可知，西安大雁塔的特别之处在于它的宗教目的——佛经研究。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Must-See Landmarks For Your Xi’an Tour(西安旅游必看的地标)”和第一段“If you are planning a tour of Xi’an taking less than 3 days, check out these recommended attractions, which we think best capture the spirit of the ancient city.( 如果你计划在三天内游览西安，看看这些推荐的景点，我们认为它们最能体现这座古城的精神。)”可知，本文介绍了去西安旅游必去的三个旅游景点；由此可推知，本文最有可能出自一本旅游指南。故选C。
B
Wangari Maathai, 2004 Nobel Peace Prize winner, once told a story of a hummingbird. When a forest fire breaks out, a hummingbird will volunteer to do its best to fight the fire despite its small size and little impact, while larger animals like the elephants just sit by and watch. In many Kenyan people’s eyes, the youth group Komb Green Solutions is such a hummingbird.
Formed in 2017, Komb Green Solutions is a community-based organization in Nairobi. Though it started off with no support at all, it was armed with a passion to change the environment in their slum (贫民窟).
Fredrick Okinda, the group’s founder, said that before the group was formed, some young people in Korogocho were engaged in crime to earn a living. This always resulted in gang fights, with Okinda having lost many friends to crime.
During an upgrading project where a new bridge linking Dandora and Korogocho slums was being built, Okinda and his co-founders saw an opportunity. Having worked as casual laborers and security officers for the project, the youth decided to carry on by restoring the river under the bridge on a voluntary basis.
“When we started, our main focus was the dumpsite (垃圾场) under the bridge,” Okinda said. “It was a hiding place for thieves and a place where drug dealers and users would go to conduct their illegal activities, so we wanted to create a green and safe space for children to play and for young people to relax.”
With limited resources lack of funds and an enormous task, Komb Green Solutions has slowly but surely started turning the city’s Korogocho slum from an eyesore into a safe space where children can play and adults can live healthy lives.
24. Why does the author mention hummingbird in paragraph 1?
A. To introduce a Kenyan youth group. B. To show Wangari Maathai’s theory.
C. To amuse readers with a funny story. D. To stress the importance of hummingbirds.
25. What made Okinda start Komb Green Solutions?
A. Saving wild birds. B. Making a living.
C. Solving the drug problem. D. Changing the community.
26. Which of the following best describes Okinda?
A. Reserved. B. Devoted. C. Polite. D. Honest.
27. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. Living a Healthy Life B. Bridging Two Slums
C. Transforming the City Slum D. Volunteering in Communities
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肯尼亚青年团体Komb Green Solutions致力于改造贫民窟，介绍了其创建起始以及取得的成果。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Wangari Maathai, 2004 Nobel Peace Prize winner, once told a story of a hummingbird. When a forest fire breaks out, a hummingbird will volunteer to do its best to fight the fire despite its small size and little impact, while larger animals like the elephants just sit by and watch. In many Kenyan people’s eyes, the youth group Komb Green Solutions is such a hummingbird.(2004年诺贝尔和平奖得主旺加里·马塔伊曾经讲过一个关于蜂鸟的故事。当森林发生火灾时，蜂鸟会自愿尽其所能去灭火，尽管它的体型很小，影响也很小，而像大象这样的大型动物只是坐在旁边看着。在许多肯尼亚人眼中，青年组织Komb Green Solutions就是这样一只蜂鸟)”可推知，作者在第一段提到了蜂鸟是为了介绍一个肯尼亚青年团体。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Though it started off with no support at all, it was armed with a passion to change the environment in their slum (贫民窟).(虽然他们一开始没有得到任何支持，但他们有一种改变贫民窟环境的热情)”可知，改变社区让Okinda创办了Komb Green Solutions。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Having worked as casual laborers and security officers for the project, the youth decided to carry on by restoring the river under the bridge on a voluntary basis.(曾担任过临时工和保安人员的他决定以自愿的方式恢复桥下的河流)”以及第五段“It was a hiding place for thieves and a place where drug dealers and users would go to conduct their illegal activities, so we wanted to create a green and safe space for children to play and for young people to relax.(这是小偷的藏身之处，也是毒贩和吸毒者进行非法活动的地方，所以我们想为孩子们创造一个绿色安全的空间，让他们玩耍，让年轻人放松)”可推知，Okinda有奉献精神。故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Formed in 2017, Komb Green Solutions is a community-based organization in Nairobi. Though it started off with no support at all, it was armed with a passion to change the environment in their slum (贫民窟).(Komb绿色解决方案成立于2017年，是内罗毕的一个社区组织。虽然他们一开始没有得到任何支持，但他们有一种改变贫民窟环境的热情)”结合文章主要介绍了肯尼亚青年团体Komb Green Solutions致力于改造贫民窟，介绍了其创建起始以及取得的成果。可知，C选项“改造城市贫民窟”最符合文章标题。故选C。
C
How should you spend your time? Whom should you marry? Where should you live? For centuries, people have relied on their instincts (本能) to figure out the answers to these questions. Now, we can use the big data to help determine the best course to chart.
Researchers have collected data on various kinds of choices people make, the information they base those choices on, and how things turn out. They have found that a simple data-driven algorithm (算法) would have been better than judges at deciding whether a defendant should stay in jail or be released and better than school principals at deciding which teachers should be promoted. Baseball teams found that algorithms were better than coaches at picking players and strategies. Tech firms in Silicon Valley have found that data from experiments provides better insights into how to design their websites than designers could.
But do statistics have similar impact on our making decisions in personal lives? Yes. The largest of experience sampling projects, Mappiness, has collected more than 3 million data points. It has revealed the activities that provide far more joy than most of us would have guessed, such as exercising, going to a museum and gardening, and the things that give us less pleasure such as playing video games, watching TV program and surfing the internet.
One study by 86 researchers collected information on more than 11,000 romantic couples. They used machine learning models to understand what predicts romantic satisfaction. They found many highly desired traits, such as a partner’s attractiveness and height, have just no connection with long-term happiness. Instead the qualities such as having a “growth mindset”, or a secure attachment style are most predictive of romantic satisfaction.
I am not claiming that we can completely outsource (外包) our lifestyle choices to algorithms, though we might get to that point in the future. I am claiming instead that we can all dramatically improve our decision- making by consulting evidence obtained from thousands or millions of people who faced dilemmas similar to ours.
28. How does the author develop paragraph 2?
A. By giving examples. B. By analyzing reasons.
C. By presenting solutions. D. By listing figures.
29. What can Mappiness do?
A. Choose the best TV program. B. Pick better players for the coach.
C. Decide whether a person is guilty. D. Tell which activity brings more joy.
30. Who may gain long-term happiness according to the text?
A. A woman with a pretty face. B. A man of growing wealth.
C. A woman with reliable personality. D. A man of average height.
31. Which statement may the author agree with?
A. Big data will cause disasters. B. Big data may help us make decisions.
C. Big data should be fully trusted. D. Big data often puts people in dilemmas.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。现在，我们可以使用大数据来帮助确定绘制图表的最佳路线。文章主要说明了大数据对我们的便利性，并列举了相关的例子。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchers have collected data on various kinds of choices people make, the information they base those choices on, and how things turn out. They have found that a simple data-driven algorithm (算法) would have been better than judges at deciding whether a defendant should stay in jail or be released and better than school principals at deciding which teachers should be promoted. Baseball teams found that algorithms were better than coaches at picking players and strategies. Tech firms in Silicon Valley have found that data from experiments provides better insights into how to design their websites than designers could.(研究人员收集了人们做出的各种选择的数据，他们做出这些选择所依据的信息，以及事情的结果。他们发现，一个简单的数据驱动算法在决定被告是否应该被关进监狱或释放方面，比法官要好，在决定哪些教师应该被提升方面，比学校校长要好。棒球队发现，算法在挑选球员和策略方面优于教练。硅谷的科技公司发现，实验数据比设计师更能帮助他们了解如何设计网站)”可推知，作者通过举例展开第二段。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It has revealed the activities that provide far more joy than most of us would have guessed, such as exercising, going to a museum and gardening, and the things that give us less pleasure such as playing video games, watching TV program and surfing the internet.(它揭示了一些活动比我们大多数人想象的要快乐得多，比如锻炼、参观博物馆和园艺，以及一些不那么快乐的事情，比如玩电子游戏、看电视节目和上网)”可知，Mappiness能告知哪个活动带来更多的快乐。故选D。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Instead the qualities such as having a “growth mindset”, or a secure attachment style are most predictive of romantic satisfaction.(相反，拥有“成长心态”或安全的依恋类型等品质最能预测爱情满意度)”可知，性格可靠的女人能获得长久的幸福。故选C。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“I am claiming instead that we can all dramatically improve our decision- making by consulting evidence obtained from thousands or millions of people who faced dilemmas similar to ours.(相反，我认为我们都可以通过咨询从成千上万面临类似困境的人那里获得的证据来显著改善我们的决策)”可知，作者认同大数据可以帮助我们做决定。故选B。
D
A new study suggests that pollution of all kinds kills nearly 9 million people worldwide each year. Air pollution from industrial processes and the expansion of cities accounted for about 75% of the deaths, researchers found. The study was based on examinations of worldwide death rates and pollution levels.
The study separated traditional pollutants from modern pollutants. Examples of traditional pollutants are indoor smoke or wastewater. Modern pollutants include air pollution from vehicles or industrial activities and poisonous chemicals. The researchers found that deaths from traditional pollutants are dropping worldwide. But they remain a major problem in Africa and some other developing countries. In some countries, state programs to cut indoor air pollution and improvements in sanitation (卫生) have helped reduce death rates. In Ethiopia and Nigeria, for example, such efforts cut deaths by two-thirds between 2000 and 2019, the study found.
Modern kinds of pollution are rising in most countries, especially developing ones, the researchers said. Deaths caused by modern pollutants — heavy metals, agricultural chemicals and carbon emissions—are “skyrocketing,” said study co-writer Rachael Kupka. She heads the New York-based Global Alliance on Health and Pollution. Kupka said deaths linked to modern pollutants had risen 66% since 2000.
“Nine million deaths is a lot of deaths,” Philip Landrigan told The Associated Press about the study’s results. He is director of the Global Public Health Program at Boston College in Massachusetts. “The bad news is that it’s not decreasing,” Landrigan added. “We’re making gains in the easy stuff, and we’re seeing the more difficult stuff, outdoor industrial air pollution and chemical pollution, still going up.”
The study makes several suggestions for ways to cut the number of deaths. These include creating better recording and reporting methods and stronger government policies to reduce pollution linked to industrial activities and vehicle emissions.
“We absolutely know how to solve pollution problems,” said the study co-author Richard Fuller. “What’s missing is political will.”
32. What can be learned from the study about pollution?
A. Air pollution killed 9 million people last year.
B. Cutting indoor air pollution is the best policy.
C. Traditional pollution is very serious in Nigeria.
D. Traditional pollutants cause less death than before.
33. What does the underlined word “skyrocketing” probably mean in paragraph 3?
A. Improving. B. Increasing. C. Reducing. D. Worsening.
34. What can be inferred from Philip Landrign’s words?
A. It is easy to fight modern pollution. B. Outdoor air pollution is decreasing.
C. Modern pollution still concerns people. D. It is hard to tell the reasons for pollution.
35. What might be talked about in the paragraph that follows?
A. Methods to reduce pollution. B. Government’s response to pollution.
C. Suggestions for industrial activities. D. The damage caused by vehicle emissions.
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，全球每年有近900万人死于各种污染。研究人员发现，工业过程和城市扩张造成的空气污染约占死亡人数的75%。这项研究是基于对全球死亡率和污染水平的调查。文章介绍了研究的具体数据以及研究人员对此的看法。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers found that deaths from traditional pollutants are dropping worldwide.(研究人员发现，传统污染物造成的死亡人数在全球范围内正在下降)”可知，传统污染物造成的死亡比以前少。故选D。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Kupka said deaths linked to modern pollutants had risen 66% since 2000.”可知，Kupka说，自2000年以来，与现代污染物有关的死亡人数上升了66%，由此说明现代污染物造成的死亡人数正在“增加”。故画线词意思是“增加”。故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“We’re making gains in the easy stuff, and we’re seeing the more difficult stuff, outdoor industrial air pollution and chemical pollution, still going up.(我们在容易解决的问题上取得了进展，但我们看到更棘手的问题，如室外工业空气污染和化学污染，仍在上升)”可推知，现代污染仍然与人们有关。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““We absolutely know how to solve pollution problems,” said the study co-author Richard Fuller. “What’s missing is political will.”(“我们绝对知道如何解决污染问题，”该研究的合著者理查德·富勒说。“缺少的是政治意愿。”)”可推知，在下一段中可能会讨论政府对污染的反应。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Improving your memory is easier than it sounds. Some people think our memory is static and unchanging.____36____
Focus on it
Many people get caught in multitasking.____37____. Focusing on it is very important because our brains, unlike computers, can’t really think of many things in parallel. Therefore, if you need to memorize something, quit multitasking.
Smell, touch, taste, hear and see it
____38____Need to remember the name of someone you met for the first time? It may help to look into their eyes when you repeat their names and offer handshakes. By doing so, you have engaged four out of five senses.
Make associations
When we learn, we often forget to try and make connections until later on. However, research has shown that memory can be stronger when you make the connection. For instance, think about how two things are related and the memory for both will be enhanced.____39____.
____40____
People often could be caught up in thinking there is a“one size” that fits all learning style for memorizing new material. That’s simply not the case. Some people like to write things down when they are learning something new. Others may benefit more from recording what they are hearing and going back to take more detailed notes.
As we age, our memory sometimes seem to get worse. But it doesn’t have to. By following these tips, you can have your memory sharp at any age and improve it anytime.
A. Find “one size” that fits all of us
B. Learn it the way that works for you
C. They often fail to pay attention to the task at hand
D. They often try to finish many tasks at the same time
E. The more senses you employ, the stronger memory it becomes
F. Connect new information to existing information or experiences in your mind
G. However, you can enhance your memory by practicing a few memory-building exercises
【答案】36. G 37. C 38. E 39. F 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是提高记忆力的方法。
【36题详解】
根据空前“Improving your memory is easier than it sounds. Some people think our memory is static and unchanging.(提高记忆力比听起来容易。有些人认为我们的记忆是固定不变的。)”可知有人认为我们的记忆力是不变的，根据后文“Focus on it(专注于它)”可知下文讲的是提高记忆力的方法，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是通过一些方法可以提高记忆力，G项However, you can enhance your memory by practicing a few memory-building exercises(然而，你可以通过做一些建立记忆的练习来增强你的记忆力。)指出有些方法可以帮我们提高记忆力，承接上文，引出下文，而且由G项中的However可知空处的内容是对空前错误认知的否定，符合上下文语境。故选G项。
【37题详解】
根据空前“Many people get caught in multitasking.(很多人都陷入了一心多用的困境。)”可知很多人都不能做到专注，根据空后“Focusing on it is very important because our brains, unlike computers, can’t really think of many things in parallel. Therefore, if you need to memorize something, quit multitasking.(专注于它是非常重要的，因为我们的大脑，不像电脑，不能并行地思考很多事情。因此，如果你需要记住一些东西，不要一心多用。)”可知此处讲的是一心不能多用的原因，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲一心多用的弊端，C项They often fail to pay attention to the task at hand(他们常常不注意手头的任务。)指出一心多用的不利方面，承接上文，引出下文，而且C项中的They指代的是空前的Many people，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
【38题详解】
根据本段小标题“Smell, touch, taste, hear and see it(闻，摸，尝，听和看)”可知本段讲的是要运用多种感官来增强记忆力，根据空后“Need to remember the name of someone you met for the first time? It may help to look into their eyes when you repeat their names and offer handshakes. By doing so, you have engaged four out of five senses.(需要记住第一次见面的人的名字？当你重复他们的名字和握手时，看着他们的眼睛可能会有所帮助。通过这样做，你调动了五种感官中的四种。)”可知此处通过举例来说明如何运用各种感官增强记忆力，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，所以空处应该讲运用多种感官的好处，E项The more senses you employ, the stronger memory it becomes(你运用的感官越多，记忆力就越强)指出多运用感官可以增强记忆力，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选E项。
【39题详解】
根据本段小标题“Make associations(建立联系)”及空前“When we learn, we often forget to try and make connections until later on. However, research has shown that memory can be stronger when you make the connection. For instance, think about how two things are related and the memory for both will be enhanced.(当我们学习的时候，我们经常忘记尝试和建立联系，直到后来。然而，研究表明，当你建立这种联系时，记忆力会更强。例如，想想两件事是如何联系在一起的，对这两件事的记忆都会增强。)”可知本段主要讲的是当我们建立了事物之间的联系时我们的记忆力就会得到增强，空处位于段末，应对前文进行总结，讲如何建立联系，F项Connect new information to existing information or experiences in your mind(将新信息与你脑海中已有的信息或经历联系起来)指出要如何建立不同事物之间的联系，对前文进行了总结，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
【40题详解】
空处为本段小标题，根据空后“People often could be caught up in thinking there is a“one size” that fits all learning style for memorizing new material. That’s simply not the case. Some people like to write things down when they are learning something new. Others may benefit more from recording what they are hearing and going back to take more detailed notes.(人们常常会认为有一种“一刀切”的学习方式适合所有人记忆新材料。但事实并非如此。有些人在学习新东西的时候喜欢把东西写下来。其他人可能会从记录他们听到的内容并回去做更详细的笔记中获益更多。)”可知本段主要讲的是不同的人适合不同的学习方法，所以我们应该寻找适合自己的方法，B项Learn it the way that works for you(用适合你的方式学习)指出要用适合自己的学习方式来学习，概括全段内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s very necessary for you to make a plan in advance before travelling abroad. An important part of the plan is probably to find the right____41____. It may take you days to visit travel websites or read magazines to____42____information. It’s a long process, so many people visit____43____travelers’ blogs and search track records online, because no one wants to waste the____44____vacation time on the sites that may____45____their expectations.
Now consider another____46____—you are an experienced traveler and you want to share your most____47____routes with your family, friends or anyone who is interested in____48____your footsteps. But sharing is hard work because you need to write,____49____photos and videos, and be busy remembering the _____50_____orders. What if all the work can be done for you_____51_____while you travel? The best_____52_____is to try WishTrip. Through WishTrip, you can search other people’s routes and share yours. Please let WishTrip be your helpful_____53_____through the way.
If you are a contributor, use WishTrip from the beginning of your tour to_____54_____the route on the map. WishTrip will_____55_____all multimedia files to the exact locations where they are taken. When you_____56_____the tour, WishTrip’s smart video functions will accordingly_____57_____a super cool video for you to____58____ in your memory.
You can use WishTrip in any country where you want to travel. Now the sharing economy is Rapidly_____59_____popularity in the tourism industry. With the help of latest_____60_____, such as AI, WishTrip has made great innovations(创新).
41. A. location B. route C. companion D. date
42. A. offer B. share C. convey D. collect
43. A. experienced B. adventurous C. energetic D. respectable
44. A. abundant B. long C. typical D. precious
45. A. stand up for B. live up to C. fall short of D. look forward to
46. A. situation B. event C. condition D. function
47. A. boring B. attractive C. necessary D. complex
48. A. tracking B. handling C. following D. watching
49. A. develop B. publish C. print D. upload
50. A. simple B. right C. short D. straight
51. A. lately B. automatically C. consistently D. currently
52. A. solution B. sign C. promotion D. reaction
53. A. reporter B. learner C. guide D. visitor
54. A. exchange B. memorize C. record D. communicate
55. A. send B. give C. adapt D. attach
56. A. begin B. set C. keep D. finish
57. A. generate B. invent C. perform D. copy
58. A. save B. imagine C. catch D. edit
59. A. building B. breaking C. gaining D. ruining
60. A. ability B. technology C. power D. information
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. C 55. D 56. D 57. A 58. A 59. C 60. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提前制定旅行计划的重要性及WishTrip的具体使用方法。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：计划的一个重要部分可能是找到正确的路线。A. location地点；B. route路线；C. companion同伴；D. date日期。根据前文“It’s very necessary for you to make a plan in advance before travelling abroad. ”可知，出国旅行前应该选择正确的旅行路线。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可能需要几天的时间才能访问旅游网站或阅读杂志来收集信息。A. offer提供；B. share分享；C. convey表达；D. collect收集。根据空前“It may take you days to visit travel websites or read magazines to”以及空后“It’s a long process,”可知，收集信息的过程很漫长。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个漫长的过程，所以很多人会浏览有经验的旅行者的博客，在网上搜索旅行记录，因为没有人愿意把宝贵的假期时间浪费在可能达不到他们期望的网站上。A. experienced经验丰富的；B. adventurous富有冒险精神的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. respectable受人尊敬的。根据空后“travelers’ blogs and search track records online, because no one wants to waste the ____4____ vacation time on the sites that may ____5____ their expectations.”可知，此处讲的是为了不浪费宝贵的时间很多人会搜索有经验的旅行者的博客。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个漫长的过程，所以很多人会浏览有经验的旅行者的博客，在网上搜索旅行记录，因为没有人愿意把宝贵的假期时间浪费在可能达不到他们期望的网站上。A. abundant丰富的；B. long长的；C. typical典型的；D. precious珍贵的。根据前文“It may take you days to visit travel websites or read magazines to ____2____ information. It’s a long process,”可知，收集信息时间漫长，人们不想浪费宝贵的旅行时间。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是一个漫长的过程，所以很多人会浏览有经验的旅行者的博客，在网上搜索旅行记录，因为没有人愿意把宝贵的假期时间浪费在可能达不到他们期望的网站上。A. stand up for支持；B. live up to符合期望、达到标准；C. fall short of不符合期望；D. look forward to期待。根据空前“It’s a long process, so many people visit ____3____ travelers’ blogs and search track records online, because no one wants to waste the ____4____ vacation time on the sites that may”可知，此处表示没有达到期望。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在考虑另一种情况——你是一个经验丰富的旅行者，你想与你的家人、朋友或任何有兴趣追随你脚步的人分享你最吸引人的路线。A. situation情况；B. event事件；C. condition条件；D. function功能。根据空后“you are an experienced traveler and you want to share your most ____7____ routes with your family, friends or anyone who is interested in ____8____ your footsteps.”可知，破折号后面是在解释说明与前文不一样的状况。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在考虑另一种情况——你是一个经验丰富的旅行者，你想与你的家人、朋友或任何有兴趣追随你脚步的人分享你最吸引人的路线。A. boring无聊的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. necessary必要的；D. complex复杂的。根据前文“you are an experienced traveler”以及空后“routes with your family, friends or anyone who is interested in____8____your footsteps.”可知，分享的应该是很吸引人的旅行路线。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在考虑另一种情况——你是一个经验丰富的旅行者，你想与你的家人、朋友或任何有兴趣追随你脚步的人分享你最吸引人的路线。A. tracking追踪；B. handling处理；C. following跟随；D. watching观看。根据空后“your footsteps.”可知，此处指追随随你的脚步。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但分享是一项艰巨的工作，因为你需要写作、上传照片和视频，并忙于记住正确的顺序。A. develop发展；B. publish出版；C. print印刷；D. upload上传。根据前文“you want to share your most ____7____ routes with your family, friends or anyone who is interested in ____8____ your footsteps.”以及空后“But sharing is hard work because you need to write, ____9____ photos and videos, and be busy remembering the ____10____ orders. ”可知，此处指的是通过上传照片和分享照片。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但分享是一项艰巨的工作，因为你需要写作、上传照片和视频，并忙于记住正确的顺序。A. simple简单的；B. right正确的；C. short短的；D. straight直的。根据空前“But sharing is hard work because you need to write, ____9____ photos and videos, and be busy remembering”以及空后的“orders”可知，因为要记住正确的顺序，所以分享自己的旅行是一项艰巨的工作。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果所有的工作都能在你旅行时自动为你完成呢？A. lately最近地；B. automatically自动地；C. consistently持续地；D. currently当前地。根据“Through WishTrip, you can search other peoples routes and share yours.”可知，此处指通过WishTrip可以进行自动搜索。故选B项。
52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最好的解决方案是尝试WishTrip。A. solution解决方案；B. sign标志；C. promotion提升；D. reaction反应。根据前文“What if all the work can be done for you automatically while you travel? ”以及“Through WishTrip, you can search other people’s routes and share yours.”可知，这里给出了一个解决方案。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：请让WishTrips成为你的有用向导。A. reporter记者；B. learner学习者；C. guide向导；D. visitor游客。根据前文“The best solution is to try WishTrip.”可知，WishTrip在旅行时可以作为做好的向导。故选C项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你是一名贡献者，请从旅行开始就使用WishTrip在地图上记录路线。A. exchange交换；B. memorize记住；C. record记录；D. communicate交流。根据“If you are a contributor, use WishTrip from the beginning of your tour to”以及空后“the route on the map.”可知，此处指的是从一开始就记录行程。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：WishTrip将把所有多媒体文件附加到拍摄的确切位置。A. send发送；B. give给出；C. adapt调整；适应；D. attach捆；系；附加。根据空后“all multimedia files to the exact locations where they are taken. When you ____16____ the tour, WishTrip’s smart video functions will accordingly ____17____ a super cool video for you to ___18___ in your memory.”可知，此处指的是将拍摄的的文件附到拍摄的确切位置。故选D项。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当您完成旅程时，WishTrip的智能视频功能将相应地生成一个超级酷的视频，供您保存在内存中。A. begin开始；B. set设置；C. keep保持；D. finish结束。根据“WishTrip’s smart video functions will accordingly ____17____ a super cool video for you to ___18___ in your memory.”可知，WishTrip的智能视频功能在旅行完成的时候开始工作。故选D项。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当您完成旅程时，WishTrip的智 能视频功能将相应地生成一个超级酷的视频，供您保存在内存中。A.generate生成；B. invent发明； C.perform表演；D.copy复制。根据空前“WishTrip’s smart videofunctions ”可知，应该是自动生成。故选A项。.
【58题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当您完成旅程时，WishTrip的智能视频功能将相应地生成一个超级酷的视频，供您保存在内存中。A. save保存；B. imagine想象；C.catch抓住；D. edit编辑。根据空后“in your memory.”可知，此处指的是将生成的视频保存在内存中。故选A项。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在共享经济在旅游业迅速流行。A. building建造；B. breaking破坏；C. gaining获得；D. ruining摧毁。根据空后“popularity in the tourism industry.”可知，此处指的是共享经济获得迅速流行。故选C项。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在人工智能等最新技术的帮助下，Wish Trip做出了巨大的创新。A. ability能力；B. technology技术；C. power权利；D. information信息。根据空后“such as AI”可知，此处指的是在科技的帮助下。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A small device, Moxie, has produced oxygen on the surface of Mars,____61____(bring) the chances of surviving on the red planet a step closer. Research published in____62____journal Science Advances reported that Moxie produced breathable oxygen in seven-hour-long tests conducted in various weather and atmospheric(大气的) conditions last year. The research also found that even in extreme____63____(temperature) and after a Martian dust storm, Moxie____64____(continue) to produce high-purity oxygen.
“This is the first demonstration of actually using resources on the surface of Mars and transforming____65____ (they) chemically into something useful for a human mission,” Jeffrey Hoffman, a____66____(retire) astronaut, said.
“The thin atmosphere on Mars is 96 percent carbon dioxide and much more____67____(change) than on Earth and the temperature can vary by 100 degrees,” Hoffman said. “One aim is to show we can run Moxie in all seasons.”
The device, Moxie, uses some special pumps,____68____suck in carbon dioxide. The gas____69____(heat) to 800°C and pressed to separate the carbon and oxygen. Carbon monoxide is sent out as waste while the pure oxygen is left behind.
Despite the challenges, Moxie has proved durable in the extreme conditions on Mars and scientists regard the test results____70____a great achievement.
【答案】61. bringing
62. the 63. temperatures
64. continued
65. them 66. retired
67. changeable
68. which 69. is heated
70. as
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种名为Moxie的小型装置是如何在火星的极端温度下产生氧气的。科学家们认为这是一项伟大的成就。
【61题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：一种名为Moxie的小型设备在火星表面产生了氧气，使人类在这颗红色星球上生存的机会又近了一步。根据句意和所给动词bring分析句子可知，空格处应该填入bring的非谓语形式作状语，因为动词bring和句子是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词bringing作状语。故填bringing。
【62题详解】
考查冠词。句意：发表在《科学进展》杂志上的研究报告称，去年在各种天气和大气条件下进行的长达7小时的测试中，Moxie产生了可呼吸的氧气。根据下文的Science Advances可知，此处应该用定冠词the特指Science Advances这一杂志。故填the。
【63题详解】
考查可数名词单复数。句意：研究还发现，即使在极端温度和火星沙尘暴之后，Moxie也能继续产生高纯度的氧气。根据句意和所给可数名词temperature可知，极端温度不会是一种温度，所以此处应该用temperature的复数形式temperatures。故填temperatures。
【64题详解】
考查时态。句意：研究还发现，即使在极端温度和火星沙尘暴之后，Moxie也能继续产生高纯度的氧气。根据句意和所给动词continue分析句子可知，空格处是that从句的谓语部分，由主句的时态是一般过去时可知，that从句的时态也应该是一般过去时。故填continued。
【65题详解】
考查代词。句意：退休宇航员杰弗里·霍夫曼说：“这是第一次真正利用火星表面的资源，并将其以化学方法转化为对人类任务有用的东西。”根据句意和所给代词they以及空格前的动词transform分析句子可知，空格处应该填入代词they的宾格形式them，作动词transform的宾语。故填them。
【66题详解】
考查形容词。句意：退休宇航员杰弗里·霍夫曼说：“这是第一次真正利用火星表面的资源，并将其以化学方法转化为对人类任务有用的东西。”根据句意和所给动词retire以及空格后的名词astronaut分析句子可知，空格处应该填入retire的形容词形式retired作定语，修饰后面的astronaut。故填retired。
【67题详解】
考查形容词。句意：霍夫曼说：“火星上稀薄的大气96%是二氧化碳，比地球上的变化要大得多，温度可以相差100度。” 根据句意和所给动词change以及句中的is分析句子可知，空格处应该填入change的形容词形式changeable作表语。故填changeable。
【68题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这种名为Moxie的装置使用一些特殊的泵来吸入二氧化碳。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个非限制性定语从句，对先行词pumps进行限定说明，该定语从句缺少主语，所以空格处应该填入一个关系代词代替先行词pumps在从句中作主语，所以应该用which。故填which。
【69题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：将气体加热到800°C，并加压以分离碳和氧。根据句意和所给动词heat分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，由上下文的句子是一般现在时可知，该句子应该用一般现在时；主语the gas和动词heat之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态；主语the gas是单数形式，所以谓语动词应该用单数形式。故填is heated。
【70题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管面临挑战，但Moxie在火星的极端条件下证明了它的耐用性，科学家们认为测试结果是一项伟大的成就。根据句意和句中的动词regard以及空格后的a great achievement可知，空格处应该填入介词as和动词regard搭配：regard…as…(把……认作)。故填as。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(˄)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删减：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I share a great relationship with my parents although my points of view greatly differ from that of my parents. How do I make it?
First, I listen to my parents’ word. Not only do I carry out with the duties they’ve assigned me but also I do whichever I can to make them perfect. Second, I talk to them. As I entered my mid- teens, I felt upset because they didn’t allow me make my own decisions. Fortunate, after my communicating with them, they gradually accept my decisions. When I’m confusing about problems, I turn to them for help.
In the word, my parents and I learn to respect each other but get along well.
【答案】1. that→those
2. word→words
3.删掉with
4. whichever→whatever
5. me之后加to
6.Fortunate→Fortunately
7.accept→accepted
8.confusing→confused
9. the→a
10.but→and
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲是我与父母虽然意见不同意但却相处愉快的原因。
【详解】1.考查代词。句意：我和父母的关系很好，虽然我的观点和父母的有很大的不同。由句中的my points of view可知父母的观点也应是复数，应用指示代词that的复数形式those。故将that改为those。
2.考查名词。句意：首先，我听我父母的话。表示“话语；言语”应用名词word的复数形式words。故将word改为words。
3.考查固定搭配。句意：我不仅履行他们分配给我的职责，而且尽我所能使他们完美。动词短语carry out意为“履行；执行”，及物动词短语，介词with多余。故将with删掉。
4.考查名词性从句。句意：我不仅履行他们分配给我的职责，而且尽我所能使他们完美。此处为宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，应用whatever。故将whichever改为whatever。
5.考查不定式。句意：当我进入十五六岁时，我感到心烦意乱，因为他们不允许我自己做决定。allow sb to do sth意为“允许某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。故在me之后加to。
6.考查副词。句意：幸运地是，经过我和他们的沟通，他们逐渐接受了我的决定。修饰整个句子，作状语，应用副词。故将Fortunate改为Fortunately。
7.考查动词时态。句意：幸运地是，经过我和他们的沟通，他们逐渐接受了我的决定。结合上下文语境，此处指作者在十几岁时发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故将accept改为accepted。
8.考查形容词。句意：当我对问题感到困惑时，我向他们寻求帮助。-ed形式的形容词一般用来表示人的感受，意为“感到”，be confused about意为“对……感到困惑”，固定搭配。故将confusing改为confused。
9.考查冠词。句意：总之，我和父母学会了互相尊重，相处得很好。介词短语in a word固定搭配，意为“总之”。故将the改为a。
10.考查连词。句意：总之，我和父母学会了互相尊重，相处得很好。此处上下文语意之间为顺承关系，应用并列连词and。故将but改为and。
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
72. 英文报China Daily正以Helping the old adapt to a digital society为题征集稿件，请认真观察图片后写一篇短文进行投稿，内容包括：
1.简要描述图片；
2.你的观点和建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2.短文的题目已为你写好。
参考词汇： scan QR codes扫描二维码
但你有没有注意过
有个群体被挡在二维码的门外
But there is a group left behind by this trend?
Helping the old adapt to a digital society
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Helping the old adapt to a digital society
Nowadays, mobile payment gains great popularity in China, making our life more and more convenient. Most of us are used to paying by scanning QR codes. However, the old are left behind by this trend. Therefore, how to help the old adapt to a digital society is of great importance.
As everyone knows, the old have difficulty in learning new things. Whenever we meet the old in trouble, we are supposed to make every effort to teach them. What’s more, it is essential to raise their awareness of lifelong learning. Only in this way can they keep up with the times. The more they learn, the easier they can adapt to society. Last but not least, it is time that our government took measures to bridge the digital gap and provide them with convenient life services, such as making their travel possible by adding more information to their senior cards.
Hopefully, with our joint efforts, the old can adapt themselves to a digital society quickly and live a good life.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生在观察图片后写一篇以Helping the old adapt to a digital society为题的稿件向英文报China Daily进行投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：essential→critical
适应：adapt oneself to...→adjust oneself to...
因此：therefore→hence
采取措施：take measures→take action
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：What’s more, it is essential to raise their awareness of lifelong learning.
拓展句：What’s more, it is essential that we should raise their awareness of lifelong learning.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Nowadays, mobile payment gains great popularity in China, making our life more and more convenient.(运用了现在分词短语作结果状语)
【高分句型2】Whenever we meet the old in trouble, we are supposed to make every effort to teach them.(运用了whenever引导的让步状语从句)
20230607项目第一次模拟测试卷
英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15 B. £9.18 C. £9.15
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man’s task?
A. Sweeping the floor. B. Doing the dishes. C. Cleaning the living room.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Mike, we should do some housework. Our place is really messy.
M: You’re right. I can do the dishes.
W: Okay. I’ll clean the living room and floor.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the man do next?
A. Ask other people. B. Comfort the woman. C. Buy a new phone.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Oh, no! I think I just lost my new phone! I can’t find it anywhere.
M: What does it look like? Maybe I can help.
W: It’s a black Huawei Mate 40.
M: OK. Let me ask around.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How old is the woman now?
A. 35. B. 40. C. 45.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Peter, do you know that hair loss can make people look 10 years older than they actually are. So, please be honest with me. Is my hairline going up?
M: Well maybe, but just a tiny bit.
W: Oh no! I’m only 35 now. At this speed, I’ll lose all my hair when I’m 40.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the woman?
A. A doctor. B. A patient. C. An assistant.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, Doctor Lee’s office. How can I help you?
M: Hi, I’d like to make an appointment for tomorrow. I feel sick, and I have a lot of pain in my stomach.
W: Okay. Doctor Lee will be available tomorrow morning at 10:00.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much will the speakers pay?
A. $ 12. B. $24. C. $25.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: $ 25 per hour? That’s so much.
M: All of these parking lots are full. This is the only empty one.
W: We can find some street parking. Oh, there’s one. Behind the blue car. It only charges$ 12 per hour. We will park for 2 hours.
M: Okay. Let’s park there.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Which name was finally set on the student card?
A. Benedict. B. Frederick. C. Gladwell.
7. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the reading room. B. In the dining hall. C. At the registration office.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, it’s my first day at the school. Can I get my student card here?
W: Sure. I can do that for you. What’s your name, please?
M: It’s Benedict Frederick Gladwell.
W: Sorry, could you spell your name out? Or actually, could you write that down for me?
M: Sure. I’ll write that down for you. Here you go.
W: Thank you. Oh, I’m afraid there isn’t enough space on the card for your full name.
M: You can just use my first name. No need to use my middle name and last name.
W: OK, you’re all set. Welcome to our school, Benedict!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What does the man think of a short sleep at noon at first?
A. Unnecessary. B. Inconvenient. C. Impossible.
9. How does the man usually feel in the afternoon?
A. Energetic. B. Spiritless. C. Relaxed.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
【原文】M: What a great lunch! I’m totally full.
W: Me too I think I’m going to take a short sleep.
M: A short sleep? What are you, a baby?
W: I always sleep after lunch. It’s good for me!
M: Don’t you get enough sleep at night?
W: I do, but a short sleep at noon is different. It gives me energy and improves my mood.
M: Maybe I should try it too. My energy is always so low and I usually have a bad mood in the afternoon. How long should I sleep for?
W: Set your alarm for 20 minutes or so. You won’t regret it!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What are the speakers eating?
A. Pumpkin. B. Pears. C. Corns.
11 What is one of the benefits of pear soup?
A. Curing flu. B. Relieving sore throat. C. Fighting cold weather.
12. What will the woman bring to the man next time?
A. Coffee. B. Soup. C. Sugar.
【答案】10. C 11. B 12. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Wow, that smells so good! What did you buy, Susan?
W: Water boiled corns! You know it’s autumn when they start selling these on the streets. Do you want to try?
M: Of course! Wow, yummy! That’s nice! In America, you know it’s autumn when cafes start selling pumpkin lattes.
W: I’ve heard. I think the idea is similar. It’s all about the seasonal produce and warm flavors.
M: Yeah, so what other types of food do you guys eat in the fall?
W: Lots of fresh fruits, like pears. We even make pear soup. We cook pear soup with sugar, so it’s sweet. It’s great for sore throat and helps fight the dry weather. It also can help prevent flu.
M: Sounds like what I need right now. I never know that fruits can be cooked!
W: I’ll bring you some when I make pear soup next time.
M: Aw, you re too kind. Coffee is on me!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What’s the problem with the man’s speech?
A. Its content. B. Its language. C. Its delivery way.
14. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Use cards. B. Read out loud. C. Memorize the speech,
15. What will the audience be interested in?
A. Amusing anecdotes. B. Rich body language. C. A clear outline.
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student.
B. Interviewer and interviewee.
C. Husband and wife.
【答案】13. C 14. A 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: What do you think of my speech, honey? Too dull? Give me some advice.
W: Well, it was not bad! The delivery could be a little unnatural at times though.
M: Should I try to memorize the speech instead of reading it then?
W: To be honest, neither will help you connect with an audience. You can work with an outline and use cards to remind you.
M: Oh, that makes more sense. Anything else?
W: If I were you, I’d try to be more active and use hand gestures.
M: I suppose I could be more aware of my body language.
W: Right. Also it wouldn’t kill you to add in a funny story or two. The audience will be very interested.
M: Oh, I see. Thanks, honey.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Words with no sense. B. Sentences with no verbs. C. Phrases with no grammar.
18. Who is believed to use “Long time no see” first?
A. Americans. B. Chinese. C. British.
19. What should you pay attention to while using “No can do”?
A. The way you use it. B. The purpose it serves. C. The people you talk to.
20. What happened to “So far so good”?
A. It was criticized at first. B. It was accepted soon. C. It has changed many times.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Have you stressed about learning perfect grammar, just like a native speaker? Actually, Americans make so many grammar mistakes that often certain phrases become accepted and considered correct, even though they’re incorrect. Here are some common phrases that really have no grammar at all.
The first one is “Long time no see”. Maybe it is one of the first expressions you learn in English, yet it makes no sense grammatically. Many people believe the origin of this phrase is from Chinese, but native speakers are happy to say this to friends and family.
The second one is “No can do”. This one also starts from Chinese, but quickly became accepted into native speakers. It means I can’t do it. It’s a fun way to say that something won’t work or you can’t do something. Just be careful as this one is quite informal, so it’s best to put “sorry” in front of it.
The third one is “So far, so good”. As you can see, there is no verb in this expression, so it’s not grammatical at all, but it’s accepted quickly because it’s a direct way to say so far, everything is okay.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
A
Must-See Landmarks For Your Xi’an Tour
Serving as the capital of China for 13 dynasties, Xi’ an, capital of Shaanxi province has numerous historical sites and relics. If you are planning a tour of Xi’an taking less than 3 days, check out these recommended attractions, which we think best capture the spirit of the ancient city.
The Terracotta Army
The Terracotta Army is one of the most significant archaeological finds in the world and one of the greatest discoveries of the 20th century.
Discovered in 1974, the army of Terracotta Warriors was constructed by China’s First Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221 BC-207 BC). It is a collection of thousands of life-size terracotta soldiers, horses and chariots in battle formation, through which people can get a great insight into the history, military development and culture of ancient China in that period.
Ancient City Wall
Xi’an City Wall was built in the 14th century by Zhu Yuanzhang, the first Emperor of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) as a military defense system. Now it is one of the oldest and best-preserved Chinese city walls. When you take a walk or cycle on the massive wall, you can enjoy a good view of the city.
Giant Wild Goose Pagoda
One of China’s most famous Buddhist pagodas, the Giant Wild Goose Pagoda was built in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) specially for the study of Buddhist scriptures. Situated in Da Ci’en Temple, the pagoda was built with layers of bricks and has a grand structure that gives it a holy appearance. It is a good example of traditional Chinese architecture.
21. What do the Terracotta Army and Ancient City Wall have in common?
A. They both reflect military history.
B. They show China’s first emperor’ s ambition.
C. They are great discoveries of 20th century.
D. They are the best-preserved tourist attractions.
22. What makes Giant Wild Goose Pagoda special?
A. Its building bricks. B. Its grand structure.
C. Its holy appearance. D. Its religious purpose.
23. Where is the text probably from?
A. A geography textbook. B. A news report.
C. A tourist guidebook. D. A science magazine.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了去西安旅游必去的三个旅游景点——秦始皇兵马俑，西安古城墙和大雁塔。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Terracotta Army中“It is a collection of thousands of life-size terracotta soldiers, horses and chariots in battle formation, through which people can get a great insight into the history, military development and culture of ancient China in that period.( 秦始皇兵马俑收集了成千上万的真人大小的兵马俑，战马和战车，通过它人们可以很好地了解那个时期中国古代的历史，军事发展和文化。)”和Ancient City Wall中“Xi’an City Wall was built in the 14th century by Zhu Yuanzhang, the first Emperor of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) as a military defense system.( 西安城墙始建于14世纪，由明朝第一位皇帝朱元璋(1368-1644)修建，作为军事防御系统。)”可知，秦始皇兵马俑和西安古城墙的共同之处在于它们都反映了军事历史。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“One of China’s most famous Buddhist pagodas, the Giant Wild Goose Pagoda was built in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) specially for the study of Buddhist scriptures. (大雁塔是中国最著名的佛塔之一，建于唐代(618-907)，专门用于佛经研究。)”可知，西安大雁塔的特别之处在于它的宗教目的——佛经研究。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Must-See Landmarks For Your Xi’an Tour(西安旅游必看的地标)”和第一段“If you are planning a tour of Xi’an taking less than 3 days, check out these recommended attractions, which we think best capture the spirit of the ancient city.( 如果你计划在三天内游览西安，看看这些推荐的景点，我们认为它们最能体现这座古城的精神。)”可知，本文介绍了去西安旅游必去的三个旅游景点；由此可推知，本文最有可能出自一本旅游指南。故选C。
B
Wangari Maathai, 2004 Nobel Peace Prize winner, once told a story of a hummingbird. When a forest fire breaks out, a hummingbird will volunteer to do its best to fight the fire despite its small size and little impact, while larger animals like the elephants just sit by and watch. In many Kenyan people’s eyes, the youth group Komb Green Solutions is such a hummingbird.
Formed in 2017, Komb Green Solutions is a community-based organization in Nairobi. Though it started off with no support at all, it was armed with a passion to change the environment in their slum (贫民窟).
Fredrick Okinda, the group’s founder, said that before the group was formed, some young people in Korogocho were engaged in crime to earn a living. This always resulted in gang fights, with Okinda having lost many friends to crime.
During an upgrading project where a new bridge linking Dandora and Korogocho slums was being built, Okinda and his co-founders saw an opportunity. Having worked as casual laborers and security officers for the project, the youth decided to carry on by restoring the river under the bridge on a voluntary basis.
“When we started, our main focus was the dumpsite (垃圾场) under the bridge,” Okinda said. “It was a hiding place for thieves and a place where drug dealers and users would go to conduct their illegal activities, so we wanted to create a green and safe space for children to play and for young people to relax.”
With limited resources lack of funds and an enormous task, Komb Green Solutions has slowly but surely started turning the city’s Korogocho slum from an eyesore into a safe space where children can play and adults can live healthy lives.
24. Why does the author mention hummingbird in paragraph 1?
A. To introduce a Kenyan youth group. B. To show Wangari Maathai’s theory.
C. To amuse readers with a funny story. D. To stress the importance of hummingbirds.
25. What made Okinda start Komb Green Solutions?
A. Saving wild birds. B. Making a living.
C. Solving the drug problem. D. Changing the community.
26. Which of the following best describes Okinda?
A. Reserved. B. Devoted. C. Polite. D. Honest.
27. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. Living a Healthy Life B. Bridging Two Slums
C. Transforming the City Slum D. Volunteering in Communities
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肯尼亚青年团体Komb Green Solutions致力于改造贫民窟，介绍了其创建起始以及取得的成果。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Wangari Maathai, 2004 Nobel Peace Prize winner, once told a story of a hummingbird. When a forest fire breaks out, a hummingbird will volunteer to do its best to fight the fire despite its small size and little impact, while larger animals like the elephants just sit by and watch. In many Kenyan people’s eyes, the youth group Komb Green Solutions is such a hummingbird.(2004年诺贝尔和平奖得主旺加里·马塔伊曾经讲过一个关于蜂鸟的故事。当森林发生火灾时，蜂鸟会自愿尽其所能去灭火，尽管它的体型很小，影响也很小，而像大象这样的大型动物只是坐在旁边看着。在许多肯尼亚人眼中，青年组织Komb Green Solutions就是这样一只蜂鸟)”可推知，作者在第一段提到了蜂鸟是为了介绍一个肯尼亚青年团体。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Though it started off with no support at all, it was armed with a passion to change the environment in their slum (贫民窟).(虽然他们一开始没有得到任何支持，但他们有一种改变贫民窟环境的热情)”可知，改变社区让Okinda创办了Komb Green Solutions。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Having worked as casual laborers and security officers for the project, the youth decided to carry on by restoring the river under the bridge on a voluntary basis.(曾担任过临时工和保安人员的他决定以自愿的方式恢复桥下的河流)”以及第五段“It was a hiding place for thieves and a place where drug dealers and users would go to conduct their illegal activities, so we wanted to create a green and safe space for children to play and for young people to relax.(这是小偷的藏身之处，也是毒贩和吸毒者进行非法活动的地方，所以我们想为孩子们创造一个绿色安全的空间，让他们玩耍，让年轻人放松)”可推知，Okinda有奉献精神。故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Formed in 2017, Komb Green Solutions is a community-based organization in Nairobi. Though it started off with no support at all, it was armed with a passion to change the environment in their slum (贫民窟).(Komb绿色解决方案成立于2017年，是内罗毕的一个社区组织。虽然他们一开始没有得到任何支持，但他们有一种改变贫民窟环境的热情)”结合文章主要介绍了肯尼亚青年团体Komb Green Solutions致力于改造贫民窟，介绍了其创建起始以及取得的成果。可知，C选项“改造城市贫民窟”最符合文章标题。故选C。
C
How should you spend your time? Whom should you marry? Where should you live? For centuries, people have relied on their instincts (本能) to figure out the answers to these questions. Now, we can use the big data to help determine the best course to chart.
Researchers have collected data on various kinds of choices people make, the information they base those choices on, and how things turn out. They have found that a simple data-driven algorithm (算法) would have been better than judges at deciding whether a defendant should stay in jail or be released and better than school principals at deciding which teachers should be promoted. Baseball teams found that algorithms were better than coaches at picking players and strategies. Tech firms in Silicon Valley have found that data from experiments provides better insights into how to design their websites than designers could.
But do statistics have similar impact on our making decisions in personal lives? Yes. The largest of experience sampling projects, Mappiness, has collected more than 3 million data points. It has revealed the activities that provide far more joy than most of us would have guessed, such as exercising, going to a museum and gardening, and the things that give us less pleasure such as playing video games, watching TV program and surfing the internet.
One study by 86 researchers collected information on more than 11,000 romantic couples. They used machine learning models to understand what predicts romantic satisfaction. They found many highly desired traits, such as a partner’s attractiveness and height, have just no connection with long-term happiness. Instead the qualities such as having a “growth mindset”, or a secure attachment style are most predictive of romantic satisfaction.
I am not claiming that we can completely outsource (外包) our lifestyle choices to algorithms, though we might get to that point in the future. I am claiming instead that we can all dramatically improve our decision- making by consulting evidence obtained from thousands or millions of people who faced dilemmas similar to ours.
28. How does the author develop paragraph 2?
A. By giving examples. B. By analyzing reasons.
C. By presenting solutions. D. By listing figures.
29. What can Mappiness do?
A. Choose the best TV program. B. Pick better players for the coach.
C. Decide whether a person is guilty. D. Tell which activity brings more joy.
30. Who may gain long-term happiness according to the text?
A. A woman with a pretty face. B. A man of growing wealth.
C. A woman with reliable personality. D. A man of average height.
31. Which statement may the author agree with?
A. Big data will cause disasters. B. Big data may help us make decisions.
C. Big data should be fully trusted. D. Big data often puts people in dilemmas.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。现在，我们可以使用大数据来帮助确定绘制图表的最佳路线。文章主要说明了大数据对我们的便利性，并列举了相关的例子。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchers have collected data on various kinds of choices people make, the information they base those choices on, and how things turn out. They have found that a simple data-driven algorithm (算法) would have been better than judges at deciding whether a defendant should stay in jail or be released and better than school principals at deciding which teachers should be promoted. Baseball teams found that algorithms were better than coaches at picking players and strategies. Tech firms in Silicon Valley have found that data from experiments provides better insights into how to design their websites than designers could.(研究人员收集了人们做出的各种选择的数据，他们做出这些选择所依据的信息，以及事情的结果。他们发现，一个简单的数据驱动算法在决定被告是否应该被关进监狱或释放方面，比法官要好，在决定哪些教师应该被提升方面，比学校校长要好。棒球队发现，算法在挑选球员和策略方面优于教练。硅谷的科技公司发现，实验数据比设计师更能帮助他们了解如何设计网站)”可推知，作者通过举例展开第二段。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It has revealed the activities that provide far more joy than most of us would have guessed, such as exercising, going to a museum and gardening, and the things that give us less pleasure such as playing video games, watching TV program and surfing the internet.(它揭示了一些活动比我们大多数人想象的要快乐得多，比如锻炼、参观博物馆和园艺，以及一些不那么快乐的事情，比如玩电子游戏、看电视节目和上网)”可知，Mappiness能告知哪个活动带来更多的快乐。故选D。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Instead the qualities such as having a “growth mindset”, or a secure attachment style are most predictive of romantic satisfaction.(相反，拥有“成长心态”或安全的依恋类型等品质最能预测爱情满意度)”可知，性格可靠的女人能获得长久的幸福。故选C。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“I am claiming instead that we can all dramatically improve our decision- making by consulting evidence obtained from thousands or millions of people who faced dilemmas similar to ours.(相反，我认为我们都可以通过咨询从成千上万面临类似困境的人那里获得的证据来显著改善我们的决策)”可知，作者认同大数据可以帮助我们做决定。故选B。
D
A new study suggests that pollution of all kinds kills nearly 9 million people worldwide each year. Air pollution from industrial processes and the expansion of cities accounted for about 75% of the deaths, researchers found. The study was based on examinations of worldwide death rates and pollution levels.
The study separated traditional pollutants from modern pollutants. Examples of traditional pollutants are indoor smoke or wastewater. Modern pollutants include air pollution from vehicles or industrial activities and poisonous chemicals. The researchers found that deaths from traditional pollutants are dropping worldwide. But they remain a major problem in Africa and some other developing countries. In some countries, state programs to cut indoor air pollution and improvements in sanitation (卫生) have helped reduce death rates. In Ethiopia and Nigeria, for example, such efforts cut deaths by two-thirds between 2000 and 2019, the study found.
Modern kinds of pollution are rising in most countries, especially developing ones, the researchers said. Deaths caused by modern pollutants — heavy metals, agricultural chemicals and carbon emissions—are “skyrocketing,” said study co-writer Rachael Kupka. She heads the New York-based Global Alliance on Health and Pollution. Kupka said deaths linked to modern pollutants had risen 66% since 2000.
“Nine million deaths is a lot of deaths,” Philip Landrigan told The Associated Press about the study’s results. He is director of the Global Public Health Program at Boston College in Massachusetts. “The bad news is that it’s not decreasing,” Landrigan added. “We’re making gains in the easy stuff, and we’re seeing the more difficult stuff, outdoor industrial air pollution and chemical pollution, still going up.”
The study makes several suggestions for ways to cut the number of deaths. These include creating better recording and reporting methods and stronger government policies to reduce pollution linked to industrial activities and vehicle emissions.
“We absolutely know how to solve pollution problems,” said the study co-author Richard Fuller. “What’s missing is political will.”
32. What can be learned from the study about pollution?
A. Air pollution killed 9 million people last year.
B. Cutting indoor air pollution is the best policy.
C. Traditional pollution is very serious in Nigeria.
D. Traditional pollutants cause less death than before.
33. What does the underlined word “skyrocketing” probably mean in paragraph 3?
A. Improving. B. Increasing. C. Reducing. D. Worsening.
34. What can be inferred from Philip Landrign’s words?
A. It is easy to fight modern pollution. B. Outdoor air pollution is decreasing.
C. Modern pollution still concerns people. D. It is hard to tell the reasons for pollution.
35. What might be talked about in the paragraph that follows?
A. Methods to reduce pollution. B. Government’s response to pollution.
C. Suggestions for industrial activities. D. The damage caused by vehicle emissions.
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，全球每年有近900万人死于各种污染。研究人员发现，工业过程和城市扩张造成的空气污染约占死亡人数的75%。这项研究是基于对全球死亡率和污染水平的调查。文章介绍了研究的具体数据以及研究人员对此的看法。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers found that deaths from traditional pollutants are dropping worldwide.(研究人员发现，传统污染物造成的死亡人数在全球范围内正在下降)”可知，传统污染物造成的死亡比以前少。故选D。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Kupka said deaths linked to modern pollutants had risen 66% since 2000.”可知，Kupka说，自2000年以来，与现代污染物有关的死亡人数上升了66%，由此说明现代污染物造成的死亡人数正在“增加”。故画线词意思是“增加”。故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“We’re making gains in the easy stuff, and we’re seeing the more difficult stuff, outdoor industrial air pollution and chemical pollution, still going up.(我们在容易解决的问题上取得了进展，但我们看到更棘手的问题，如室外工业空气污染和化学污染，仍在上升)”可推知，现代污染仍然与人们有关。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““We absolutely know how to solve pollution problems,” said the study co-author Richard Fuller. “What’s missing is political will.”(“我们绝对知道如何解决污染问题，”该研究的合著者理查德·富勒说。“缺少的是政治意愿。”)”可推知，在下一段中可能会讨论政府对污染的反应。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Improving your memory is easier than it sounds. Some people think our memory is static and unchanging.____36____
Focus on it
Many people get caught in multitasking.____37____. Focusing on it is very important because our brains, unlike computers, can’t really think of many things in parallel. Therefore, if you need to memorize something, quit multitasking.
Smell, touch, taste, hear and see it
____38____Need to remember the name of someone you met for the first time? It may help to look into their eyes when you repeat their names and offer handshakes. By doing so, you have engaged four out of five senses.
Make associations
When we learn, we often forget to try and make connections until later on. However, research has shown that memory can be stronger when you make the connection. For instance, think about how two things are related and the memory for both will be enhanced.____39____.
____40____
People often could be caught up in thinking there is a“one size” that fits all learning style for memorizing new material. That’s simply not the case. Some people like to write things down when they are learning something new. Others may benefit more from recording what they are hearing and going back to take more detailed notes.
As we age, our memory sometimes seem to get worse. But it doesn’t have to. By following these tips, you can have your memory sharp at any age and improve it anytime.
A. Find “one size” that fits all of us
B. Learn it the way that works for you
C. They often fail to pay attention to the task at hand
D. They often try to finish many tasks at the same time
E. The more senses you employ, the stronger memory it becomes
F. Connect new information to existing information or experiences in your mind
G. However, you can enhance your memory by practicing a few memory-building exercises
【答案】36. G 37. C 38. E 39. F 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是提高记忆力的方法。
【36题详解】
根据空前“Improving your memory is easier than it sounds. Some people think our memory is static and unchanging.(提高记忆力比听起来容易。有些人认为我们的记忆是固定不变的。)”可知有人认为我们的记忆力是不变的，根据后文“Focus on it(专注于它)”可知下文讲的是提高记忆力的方法，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是通过一些方法可以提高记忆力，G项However, you can enhance your memory by practicing a few memory-building exercises(然而，你可以通过做一些建立记忆的练习来增强你的记忆力。)指出有些方法可以帮我们提高记忆力，承接上文，引出下文，而且由G项中的However可知空处的内容是对空前错误认知的否定，符合上下文语境。故选G项。
【37题详解】
根据空前“Many people get caught in multitasking.(很多人都陷入了一心多用的困境。)”可知很多人都不能做到专注，根据空后“Focusing on it is very important because our brains, unlike computers, can’t really think of many things in parallel. Therefore, if you need to memorize something, quit multitasking.(专注于它是非常重要的，因为我们的大脑，不像电脑，不能并行地思考很多事情。因此，如果你需要记住一些东西，不要一心多用。)”可知此处讲的是一心不能多用的原因，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲一心多用的弊端，C项They often fail to pay attention to the task at hand(他们常常不注意手头的任务。)指出一心多用的不利方面，承接上文，引出下文，而且C项中的They指代的是空前的Many people，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
【38题详解】
根据本段小标题“Smell, touch, taste, hear and see it(闻，摸，尝，听和看)”可知本段讲的是要运用多种感官来增强记忆力，根据空后“Need to remember the name of someone you met for the first time? It may help to look into their eyes when you repeat their names and offer handshakes. By doing so, you have engaged four out of five senses.(需要记住第一次见面的人的名字？当你重复他们的名字和握手时，看着他们的眼睛可能会有所帮助。通过这样做，你调动了五种感官中的四种。)”可知此处通过举例来说明如何运用各种感官增强记忆力，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，所以空处应该讲运用多种感官的好处，E项The more senses you employ, the stronger memory it becomes(你运用的感官越多，记忆力就越强)指出多运用感官可以增强记忆力，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选E项。
【39题详解】
根据本段小标题“Make associations(建立联系)”及空前“When we learn, we often forget to try and make connections until later on. However, research has shown that memory can be stronger when you make the connection. For instance, think about how two things are related and the memory for both will be enhanced.(当我们学习的时候，我们经常忘记尝试和建立联系，直到后来。然而，研究表明，当你建立这种联系时，记忆力会更强。例如，想想两件事是如何联系在一起的，对这两件事的记忆都会增强。)”可知本段主要讲的是当我们建立了事物之间的联系时我们的记忆力就会得到增强，空处位于段末，应对前文进行总结，讲如何建立联系，F项Connect new information to existing information or experiences in your mind(将新信息与你脑海中已有的信息或经历联系起来)指出要如何建立不同事物之间的联系，对前文进行了总结，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
【40题详解】
空处为本段小标题，根据空后“People often could be caught up in thinking there is a“one size” that fits all learning style for memorizing new material. That’s simply not the case. Some people like to write things down when they are learning something new. Others may benefit more from recording what they are hearing and going back to take more detailed notes.(人们常常会认为有一种“一刀切”的学习方式适合所有人记忆新材料。但事实并非如此。有些人在学习新东西的时候喜欢把东西写下来。其他人可能会从记录他们听到的内容并回去做更详细的笔记中获益更多。)”可知本段主要讲的是不同的人适合不同的学习方法，所以我们应该寻找适合自己的方法，B项Learn it the way that works for you(用适合你的方式学习)指出要用适合自己的学习方式来学习，概括全段内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s very necessary for you to make a plan in advance before travelling abroad. An important part of the plan is probably to find the right____41____. It may take you days to visit travel websites or read magazines to____42____information. It’s a long process, so many people visit____43____travelers’ blogs and search track records online, because no one wants to waste the____44____vacation time on the sites that may____45____their expectations.
Now consider another____46____—you are an experienced traveler and you want to share your most____47____routes with your family, friends or anyone who is interested in____48____your footsteps. But sharing is hard work because you need to write,____49____photos and videos, and be busy remembering the _____50_____orders. What if all the work can be done for you_____51_____while you travel? The best_____52_____is to try WishTrip. Through WishTrip, you can search other people’s routes and share yours. Please let WishTrip be your helpful_____53_____through the way.
If you are a contributor, use WishTrip from the beginning of your tour to_____54_____the route on the map. WishTrip will_____55_____all multimedia files to the exact locations where they are taken. When you_____56_____the tour, WishTrip’s smart video functions will accordingly_____57_____a super cool video for you to____58____ in your memory.
You can use WishTrip in any country where you want to travel. Now the sharing economy is Rapidly_____59_____popularity in the tourism industry. With the help of latest_____60_____, such as AI, WishTrip has made great innovations(创新).
41. A. location B. route C. companion D. date
42. A. offer B. share C. convey D. collect
43. A. experienced B. adventurous C. energetic D. respectable
44. A. abundant B. long C. typical D. precious
45. A. stand up for B. live up to C. fall short of D. look forward to
46. A. situation B. event C. condition D. function
47. A. boring B. attractive C. necessary D. complex
48. A. tracking B. handling C. following D. watching
49. A. develop B. publish C. print D. upload
50. A. simple B. right C. short D. straight
51. A. lately B. automatically C. consistently D. currently
52. A. solution B. sign C. promotion D. reaction
53. A. reporter B. learner C. guide D. visitor
54. A. exchange B. memorize C. record D. communicate
55. A. send B. give C. adapt D. attach
56. A. begin B. set C. keep D. finish
57. A. generate B. invent C. perform D. copy
58. A. save B. imagine C. catch D. edit
59. A. building B. breaking C. gaining D. ruining
60. A. ability B. technology C. power D. information
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. C 55. D 56. D 57. A 58. A 59. C 60. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提前制定旅行计划的重要性及WishTrip的具体使用方法。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：计划的一个重要部分可能是找到正确的路线。A. location地点；B. route路线；C. companion同伴；D. date日期。根据前文“It’s very necessary for you to make a plan in advance before travelling abroad. ”可知，出国旅行前应该选择正确的旅行路线。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可能需要几天的时间才能访问旅游网站或阅读杂志来收集信息。A. offer提供；B. share分享；C. convey表达；D. collect收集。根据空前“It may take you days to visit travel websites or read magazines to”以及空后“It’s a long process,”可知，收集信息的过程很漫长。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个漫长的过程，所以很多人会浏览有经验的旅行者的博客，在网上搜索旅行记录，因为没有人愿意把宝贵的假期时间浪费在可能达不到他们期望的网站上。A. experienced经验丰富的；B. adventurous富有冒险精神的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. respectable受人尊敬的。根据空后“travelers’ blogs and search track records online, because no one wants to waste the ____4____ vacation time on the sites that may ____5____ their expectations.”可知，此处讲的是为了不浪费宝贵的时间很多人会搜索有经验的旅行者的博客。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个漫长的过程，所以很多人会浏览有经验的旅行者的博客，在网上搜索旅行记录，因为没有人愿意把宝贵的假期时间浪费在可能达不到他们期望的网站上。A. abundant丰富的；B. long长的；C. typical典型的；D. precious珍贵的。根据前文“It may take you days to visit travel websites or read magazines to ____2____ information. It’s a long process,”可知，收集信息时间漫长，人们不想浪费宝贵的旅行时间。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是一个漫长的过程，所以很多人会浏览有经验的旅行者的博客，在网上搜索旅行记录，因为没有人愿意把宝贵的假期时间浪费在可能达不到他们期望的网站上。A. stand up for支持；B. live up to符合期望、达到标准；C. fall short of不符合期望；D. look forward to期待。根据空前“It’s a long process, so many people visit ____3____ travelers’ blogs and search track records online, because no one wants to waste the ____4____ vacation time on the sites that may”可知，此处表示没有达到期望。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在考虑另一种情况——你是一个经验丰富的旅行者，你想与你的家人、朋友或任何有兴趣追随你脚步的人分享你最吸引人的路线。A. situation情况；B. event事件；C. condition条件；D. function功能。根据空后“you are an experienced traveler and you want to share your most ____7____ routes with your family, friends or anyone who is interested in ____8____ your footsteps.”可知，破折号后面是在解释说明与前文不一样的状况。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在考虑另一种情况——你是一个经验丰富的旅行者，你想与你的家人、朋友或任何有兴趣追随你脚步的人分享你最吸引人的路线。A. boring无聊的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. necessary必要的；D. complex复杂的。根据前文“you are an experienced traveler”以及空后“routes with your family, friends or anyone who is interested in____8____your footsteps.”可知，分享的应该是很吸引人的旅行路线。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在考虑另一种情况——你是一个经验丰富的旅行者，你想与你的家人、朋友或任何有兴趣追随你脚步的人分享你最吸引人的路线。A. tracking追踪；B. handling处理；C. following跟随；D. watching观看。根据空后“your footsteps.”可知，此处指追随随你的脚步。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但分享是一项艰巨的工作，因为你需要写作、上传照片和视频，并忙于记住正确的顺序。A. develop发展；B. publish出版；C. print印刷；D. upload上传。根据前文“you want to share your most ____7____ routes with your family, friends or anyone who is interested in ____8____ your footsteps.”以及空后“But sharing is hard work because you need to write, ____9____ photos and videos, and be busy remembering the ____10____ orders. ”可知，此处指的是通过上传照片和分享照片。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但分享是一项艰巨的工作，因为你需要写作、上传照片和视频，并忙于记住正确的顺序。A. simple简单的；B. right正确的；C. short短的；D. straight直的。根据空前“But sharing is hard work because you need to write, ____9____ photos and videos, and be busy remembering”以及空后的“orders”可知，因为要记住正确的顺序，所以分享自己的旅行是一项艰巨的工作。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果所有的工作都能在你旅行时自动为你完成呢？A. lately最近地；B. automatically自动地；C. consistently持续地；D. currently当前地。根据“Through WishTrip, you can search other peoples routes and share yours.”可知，此处指通过WishTrip可以进行自动搜索。故选B项。
52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最好的解决方案是尝试WishTrip。A. solution解决方案；B. sign标志；C. promotion提升；D. reaction反应。根据前文“What if all the work can be done for you automatically while you travel? ”以及“Through WishTrip, you can search other people’s routes and share yours.”可知，这里给出了一个解决方案。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：请让WishTrips成为你的有用向导。A. reporter记者；B. learner学习者；C. guide向导；D. visitor游客。根据前文“The best solution is to try WishTrip.”可知，WishTrip在旅行时可以作为做好的向导。故选C项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你是一名贡献者，请从旅行开始就使用WishTrip在地图上记录路线。A. exchange交换；B. memorize记住；C. record记录；D. communicate交流。根据“If you are a contributor, use WishTrip from the beginning of your tour to”以及空后“the route on the map.”可知，此处指的是从一开始就记录行程。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：WishTrip将把所有多媒体文件附加到拍摄的确切位置。A. send发送；B. give给出；C. adapt调整；适应；D. attach捆；系；附加。根据空后“all multimedia files to the exact locations where they are taken. When you ____16____ the tour, WishTrip’s smart video functions will accordingly ____17____ a super cool video for you to ___18___ in your memory.”可知，此处指的是将拍摄的的文件附到拍摄的确切位置。故选D项。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当您完成旅程时，WishTrip的智能视频功能将相应地生成一个超级酷的视频，供您保存在内存中。A. begin开始；B. set设置；C. keep保持；D. finish结束。根据“WishTrip’s smart video functions will accordingly ____17____ a super cool video for you to ___18___ in your memory.”可知，WishTrip的智能视频功能在旅行完成的时候开始工作。故选D项。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当您完成旅程时，WishTrip的智 能视频功能将相应地生成一个超级酷的视频，供您保存在内存中。A.generate生成；B. invent发明； C.perform表演；D.copy复制。根据空前“WishTrip’s smart videofunctions ”可知，应该是自动生成。故选A项。.
【58题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当您完成旅程时，WishTrip的智能视频功能将相应地生成一个超级酷的视频，供您保存在内存中。A. save保存；B. imagine想象；C.catch抓住；D. edit编辑。根据空后“in your memory.”可知，此处指的是将生成的视频保存在内存中。故选A项。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在共享经济在旅游业迅速流行。A. building建造；B. breaking破坏；C. gaining获得；D. ruining摧毁。根据空后“popularity in the tourism industry.”可知，此处指的是共享经济获得迅速流行。故选C项。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在人工智能等最新技术的帮助下，Wish Trip做出了巨大的创新。A. ability能力；B. technology技术；C. power权利；D. information信息。根据空后“such as AI”可知，此处指的是在科技的帮助下。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A small device, Moxie, has produced oxygen on the surface of Mars,____61____(bring) the chances of surviving on the red planet a step closer. Research published in____62____journal Science Advances reported that Moxie produced breathable oxygen in seven-hour-long tests conducted in various weather and atmospheric(大气的) conditions last year. The research also found that even in extreme____63____(temperature) and after a Martian dust storm, Moxie____64____(continue) to produce high-purity oxygen.
“This is the first demonstration of actually using resources on the surface of Mars and transforming____65____ (they) chemically into something useful for a human mission,” Jeffrey Hoffman, a____66____(retire) astronaut, said.
“The thin atmosphere on Mars is 96 percent carbon dioxide and much more____67____(change) than on Earth and the temperature can vary by 100 degrees,” Hoffman said. “One aim is to show we can run Moxie in all seasons.”
The device, Moxie, uses some special pumps,____68____suck in carbon dioxide. The gas____69____(heat) to 800°C and pressed to separate the carbon and oxygen. Carbon monoxide is sent out as waste while the pure oxygen is left behind.
Despite the challenges, Moxie has proved durable in the extreme conditions on Mars and scientists regard the test results____70____a great achievement.
【答案】61. bringing
62. the 63. temperatures
64. continued
65. them 66. retired
67. changeable
68. which 69. is heated
70. as
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种名为Moxie的小型装置是如何在火星的极端温度下产生氧气的。科学家们认为这是一项伟大的成就。
【61题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：一种名为Moxie的小型设备在火星表面产生了氧气，使人类在这颗红色星球上生存的机会又近了一步。根据句意和所给动词bring分析句子可知，空格处应该填入bring的非谓语形式作状语，因为动词bring和句子是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词bringing作状语。故填bringing。
【62题详解】
考查冠词。句意：发表在《科学进展》杂志上的研究报告称，去年在各种天气和大气条件下进行的长达7小时的测试中，Moxie产生了可呼吸的氧气。根据下文的Science Advances可知，此处应该用定冠词the特指Science Advances这一杂志。故填the。
【63题详解】
考查可数名词单复数。句意：研究还发现，即使在极端温度和火星沙尘暴之后，Moxie也能继续产生高纯度的氧气。根据句意和所给可数名词temperature可知，极端温度不会是一种温度，所以此处应该用temperature的复数形式temperatures。故填temperatures。
【64题详解】
考查时态。句意：研究还发现，即使在极端温度和火星沙尘暴之后，Moxie也能继续产生高纯度的氧气。根据句意和所给动词continue分析句子可知，空格处是that从句的谓语部分，由主句的时态是一般过去时可知，that从句的时态也应该是一般过去时。故填continued。
【65题详解】
考查代词。句意：退休宇航员杰弗里·霍夫曼说：“这是第一次真正利用火星表面的资源，并将其以化学方法转化为对人类任务有用的东西。”根据句意和所给代词they以及空格前的动词transform分析句子可知，空格处应该填入代词they的宾格形式them，作动词transform的宾语。故填them。
【66题详解】
考查形容词。句意：退休宇航员杰弗里·霍夫曼说：“这是第一次真正利用火星表面的资源，并将其以化学方法转化为对人类任务有用的东西。”根据句意和所给动词retire以及空格后的名词astronaut分析句子可知，空格处应该填入retire的形容词形式retired作定语，修饰后面的astronaut。故填retired。
【67题详解】
考查形容词。句意：霍夫曼说：“火星上稀薄的大气96%是二氧化碳，比地球上的变化要大得多，温度可以相差100度。” 根据句意和所给动词change以及句中的is分析句子可知，空格处应该填入change的形容词形式changeable作表语。故填changeable。
【68题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这种名为Moxie的装置使用一些特殊的泵来吸入二氧化碳。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个非限制性定语从句，对先行词pumps进行限定说明，该定语从句缺少主语，所以空格处应该填入一个关系代词代替先行词pumps在从句中作主语，所以应该用which。故填which。
【69题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：将气体加热到800°C，并加压以分离碳和氧。根据句意和所给动词heat分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，由上下文的句子是一般现在时可知，该句子应该用一般现在时；主语the gas和动词heat之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态；主语the gas是单数形式，所以谓语动词应该用单数形式。故填is heated。
【70题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管面临挑战，但Moxie在火星的极端条件下证明了它的耐用性，科学家们认为测试结果是一项伟大的成就。根据句意和句中的动词regard以及空格后的a great achievement可知，空格处应该填入介词as和动词regard搭配：regard…as…(把……认作)。故填as。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(˄)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删减：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I share a great relationship with my parents although my points of view greatly differ from that of my parents. How do I make it?
First, I listen to my parents’ word. Not only do I carry out with the duties they’ve assigned me but also I do whichever I can to make them perfect. Second, I talk to them. As I entered my mid- teens, I felt upset because they didn’t allow me make my own decisions. Fortunate, after my communicating with them, they gradually accept my decisions. When I’m confusing about problems, I turn to them for help.
In the word, my parents and I learn to respect each other but get along well.
【答案】1. that→those
2. word→words
3.删掉with
4. whichever→whatever
5. me之后加to
6.Fortunate→Fortunately
7.accept→accepted
8.confusing→confused
9. the→a
10.but→and
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲是我与父母虽然意见不同意但却相处愉快的原因。
【详解】1.考查代词。句意：我和父母的关系很好，虽然我的观点和父母的有很大的不同。由句中的my points of view可知父母的观点也应是复数，应用指示代词that的复数形式those。故将that改为those。
2.考查名词。句意：首先，我听我父母的话。表示“话语；言语”应用名词word的复数形式words。故将word改为words。
3.考查固定搭配。句意：我不仅履行他们分配给我的职责，而且尽我所能使他们完美。动词短语carry out意为“履行；执行”，及物动词短语，介词with多余。故将with删掉。
4.考查名词性从句。句意：我不仅履行他们分配给我的职责，而且尽我所能使他们完美。此处为宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，应用whatever。故将whichever改为whatever。
5.考查不定式。句意：当我进入十五六岁时，我感到心烦意乱，因为他们不允许我自己做决定。allow sb to do sth意为“允许某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。故在me之后加to。
6.考查副词。句意：幸运地是，经过我和他们的沟通，他们逐渐接受了我的决定。修饰整个句子，作状语，应用副词。故将Fortunate改为Fortunately。
7.考查动词时态。句意：幸运地是，经过我和他们的沟通，他们逐渐接受了我的决定。结合上下文语境，此处指作者在十几岁时发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故将accept改为accepted。
8.考查形容词。句意：当我对问题感到困惑时，我向他们寻求帮助。-ed形式的形容词一般用来表示人的感受，意为“感到”，be confused about意为“对……感到困惑”，固定搭配。故将confusing改为confused。
9.考查冠词。句意：总之，我和父母学会了互相尊重，相处得很好。介词短语in a word固定搭配，意为“总之”。故将the改为a。
10.考查连词。句意：总之，我和父母学会了互相尊重，相处得很好。此处上下文语意之间为顺承关系，应用并列连词and。故将but改为and。
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
72. 英文报China Daily正以Helping the old adapt to a digital society为题征集稿件，请认真观察图片后写一篇短文进行投稿，内容包括：
1.简要描述图片；
2.你的观点和建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2.短文的题目已为你写好。
参考词汇： scan QR codes扫描二维码
但你有没有注意过
有个群体被挡在二维码的门外
But there is a group left behind by this trend?
Helping the old adapt to a digital society
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Helping the old adapt to a digital society
Nowadays, mobile payment gains great popularity in China, making our life more and more convenient. Most of us are used to paying by scanning QR codes. However, the old are left behind by this trend. Therefore, how to help the old adapt to a digital society is of great importance.
As everyone knows, the old have difficulty in learning new things. Whenever we meet the old in trouble, we are supposed to make every effort to teach them. What’s more, it is essential to raise their awareness of lifelong learning. Only in this way can they keep up with the times. The more they learn, the easier they can adapt to society. Last but not least, it is time that our government took measures to bridge the digital gap and provide them with convenient life services, such as making their travel possible by adding more information to their senior cards.
Hopefully, with our joint efforts, the old can adapt themselves to a digital society quickly and live a good life.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生在观察图片后写一篇以Helping the old adapt to a digital society为题的稿件向英文报China Daily进行投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：essential→critical
适应：adapt oneself to...→adjust oneself to...
因此：therefore→hence
采取措施：take measures→take action
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：What’s more, it is essential to raise their awareness of lifelong learning.
拓展句：What’s more, it is essential that we should raise their awareness of lifelong learning.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Nowadays, mobile payment gains great popularity in China, making our life more and more convenient.(运用了现在分词短语作结果状语)
【高分句型2】Whenever we meet the old in trouble, we are supposed to make every effort to teach them.(运用了whenever引导的让步状语从句)
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