2020年中考英语真题分项汇编：专题10 语态（含解析）

这是一份2020年中考英语真题分项汇编：专题10 语态（含解析），共4页。
专题10 语态1.【 •北京市】The kite ________ in China more than 2000 years ago.A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented【答案】D【解析】句意：风筝是中国在2000多年前发明的。考查一般过去时的被动语态。invent发明。invents动词的第三人称单数形式；invented动词的过去式；is invented一般现在时的被动语态；was invented一般过去时的被动语态。题中主语“The kite”与动词invent之间是动宾关系，此处用被动语态；结合题干中时间状语“2000 years ago”可知要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done。故选D。【点睛】被动语态的各个时态：1）一般现在时态的   am /is are+done，例如：   I am asked to study hard by my mother.  2）一般过去时态的  were/was+done,例如：   A new shop was built last year.  3) 现在完成时态的  have/has been+done  例如：   This book has been translated into Chiese.  4) 一般将来时态的 will be+ done, 例如：   Many trees will be planted next year.  5) 现在进行时态的  am/is/are+being+done， 例如   My bike is being repaired by Tom now.2. 【 •贵州省安顺市】— Krystal, do you know how tea is produced? — Yes. When tea leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then ________ for processing.A. send B. are sent C. were sent【答案】B【解析】句意：——克里斯托，你知道茶叶是怎么生产的吗？   ——是的。茶叶准备好后，用手采摘，然后送去加工。考查一般现在时的被动语态。A. send动词原形；B. are sent一般现在时的被动语态；C. were sent一般过去时的被动语态。根据前半句they are picked by和常识可知，茶叶的加工生产都是人来操作的，故茶叶与动词send之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B。3. 【 •黔西南州】A number of volunteers will ________ for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.A. be needed B. are needed C. are needing D. be needing【答案】A【解析】句意：2022年北京冬奥会需要一批志愿者。考查被动语态。主语volunteers与谓语need之间为动宾关系，故应用被动语态，C、D选项可排除。空格前为will，故应用will be needed结构。故选A。【点睛】初中英语教材中主要掌握五种时态的被动语态及带有情态动词的被动语态。(1) 一般现在时被动语态的构成：助动词be + 动词的过去分词English is spoken in many countries.(2) 一般过去时被动语态的构成：助动词was/were + 动词的过去分词Was this novel written by his father?(3) 一般将来时被动语态的构成：will/be going to do + be + 动词的过去分词The baby will be taken good care of in the hospital.(4) 现在完成时被动语态的构成：助动词have/has + been + 动词的过去分词Has his work been finished?(5) 现在进行时被动语态的构成：be + being + 动词的过去分词The problem is being discussed by the students.(6)带有情态动词的被动语态的 构成：情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词Your composition must be handed in tomorrow.4. 【•黑龙江哈尔滨市】— What language ________ in Canada?—Both English and French.A. is spoken B. speaks C. is speaking【答案】A【解析】句意：——加拿大说什么语言？——英语和法语。考查一般现在时的被动语态。A：一般现在时的被动语态；B：一般现在时的动词三单；C：现在进行时。分析语意可知，此处陈述事实，时态是一般现在时，又因为主语language是动作speak的承受者，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。5. 【 •山东滨州市】—Will you go to Lisa's housewarming party next Sunday?—Well, if I________, I will go on time.A. invite B. will invite C. am invited D. will be invited【答案】C【解析】句意：——下星期天你会去丽莎的乔迁派对吗？——嗯，如果我被邀请，我会准时去的。考查被动语态。invite邀请，动词原形；will invite动词一般将来形式；am invited一般现在时的被动语态；will be invited一般将来时的被动语态。根据空前主语I与选项动词invite，结合语境可知，主语I和选项动词invite之间是被动关系，表示“被邀请”，因此用被动语态；if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时，因此从句用一般现在时的被动语态，其构成是am/is/are done，主语是I，所以此处用am invited。故选C。6. 【 •四川省成都市】Wuchazi Bridge ________ as an Internet-famous place in Chengdu.A. regards B. is regarded C. is regarding【答案】B【解析】句意：五岔子桥被认为是成都网红景点。本题考查时态和语态。regards是一般现在时的主动形式；is regarded是一般现在时的被动形式；is regarding是现在进行时的主动形式。根据句意，主语Wuchazi Bridge与谓语regard之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态。故选B。7. 【 •乐山市】The 24th Winter Olympic Games ____________ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022.A. is held B. will hold C. will be held【答案】C【解析】句意：第24届冬季奥运会将于2022年在北京和张家口举行。考查时态语态。is held 被举行；will hold 将举行；will be held 将被举行。根据in 2022可知用一般将来时态；根据句意，可知主语The 24th Winter Olympic Games与谓语动词hold是被动关系，即“被举行”，因此是一般将来时态的被动式，结构为will be done。故选C。8. 【 •凉山州】As the most exciting and traditional way to shop, street markets __________here and there in China these days.A. find B. found C. are found D. were found【答案】C【解析】句意：作为最让人兴奋和传统的购物方式，街市这些天在中国到处能被找到。考查动词时态和语态。find找到，一般现在时的动词原形；found动词的过去式；are found动词的一般现在时的被动结构；were found动词的一般过去时的被动结构。根据these days可知讲述的是现在的动作，用一般现在时；主语street markets和动词find之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动are found。故选C。10. 【 •新疆维吾尔自治区(建设兵团)】Most of the earth's surface________ by water.A. is covered B. covers C. is grown D. grows【答案】A【解析】句意：地球的大多数表面被水覆盖。考查被动语态。is covered 被覆盖（一般现在时的被动式）；covers 覆盖（一般现在时）；is grown 被种植；grows 种植。根据句意，可知此句意为“表面被水覆盖”，排除CD。又因为主语most of the earth's surface与谓语动词cover是被动关系，故选A。9. 【 •重庆市】Another bridge over the Jialing River________last year.A. builds B. built C. is built D. was built【答案】D【解析】句意：去年在嘉陵江上又建了一座桥。考查动词的时态和被动语态。builds动词第三人称单数形式，修建；built是build的过去式或过去分词形式；is built是一般现在时的被动语态；was built是一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意可知，该句的主语Another bridge与动词构成被动关系，应用被动语态，排除A和B；再由句中的时间last year可知，应用一般过去时。故选D。