初中英语中考复习 专题16语态-三年(2020-2022)中考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)
展开专题16 语态
【2022年】
1.(2022·天津·中考真题)A lot of birds ________ in nature parks every year.
A.protect B.is protected C.are protected D.protected
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:每年都有很多鸟类在自然公园受到保护。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知,主语“A lot of birds”和谓语protect“保护”之间是被动关系,根据“every year”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”,主语是复数,be动词用are。故选C。
2.(2022·云南昆明·中考真题)The tea in Yunnan is so famous that it ________ to places across the world every day.
A.sends B.sent C.is sent D.will be sent
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:云南的茶叶非常有名,每天都被送到世界各地。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知,主语it和谓语send“发送”之间是被动关系,根据“every day”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选C。
3.(2022·重庆A卷·中考真题)His guitar ________ as a gift for him last week.
A.buys B.is bought C.bought D.was bought
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:他的吉他是上周买给他的礼物。
考查时态和语态。主语“His guitar”与动词buy之间是动宾关系,结合“last week”可知用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为was/were done。故选D。
4.(2022·重庆B卷·中考真题)Last year, a new old people’s home ________ in our community.
A.builds B.built C.is built D.was built
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:去年,我们社区建了一座新的养老院。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语是动作的承受者,时态“Last year”是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
5.(2022·甘肃武威·中考真题)Paper ________ in ancient China more than 2,000 years ago.
A.invented B.was invented C.invent D.is invented
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:纸是在2000多年前的中国古代发明的。
考查一般过去时态的被动语态。根据“2,000 years ago”可知,此题时态为一般过去时;又因为“paper”和动词“invent”之间是被动的关系,故此题应该用一般过去时态的被动语态,结构为was/were+过去分词,主语paper为第三人称单数,助动词用was。故选B。
6.(2022·湖北武汉·中考真题)During the Tang dynasty (唐朝), nearly everything produced in the world ________ on the streets of Chang’an.
A.is found B.has been found C.will be found D.could be found
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:在唐朝,在长安的街道上几乎可以找到世界上所有的东西。
考查时态和语态。主语“nearly everything produced in the world”与动词find之间是动宾关系,此处表示能够被找到,结合“During the Tang dynasty”可知用过去式could表示“能够”,此处是含情态动词的被动语态,用could be found。故选D。
7.(2022·湖南怀化·中考真题)Tea _______ by accident about 5000 years ago.
A.invented B.was invented C.is invented
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:茶是大约5000年前偶然发明的。
考查一般过去时态的被动语态。根据“5000 years ago”可知,此题时态为一般过去时,又因为“Tea”和动词“invent”之间是被动的关系,故此题应该用一般过去时态的被动语态,结构为was/were done,故选B。
8.(2022·湖南岳阳·中考真题)The Communist Party of China’s 20th National Congress (中共二十大) _______ in autumn this year.
A.was held B.is held C.will be held
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:今年秋季,中共二十大将举行。
考查动词的时态和语态。根据“in autumn this year”可知是将来的时间,句子是一般将来时。主语“The Communist Party of China’s 20th National Congress”和动词“举行”之间是被动关系,表达“将被举行”,动词用“will be held”。故选C。
9.(2022·江苏扬州·中考真题)—I hear that you took part in a forest clean-up activity last Sunday.
—Yes, it ________ by our school green club to protect forests.
A.organizes B.organized C.was organized D.will be organized
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——我听说你上周日参加了森林清理活动。——是的。我们学校的环保俱乐部组织了这次活动来保护森林。
考查动词的时态和语态。根据“last Sunday”可知是过去的事,是一般过去时。主语“it”指的是“a forest clean-up activity”,和动词之间是被动关系,表达“被组织”用一般过去时的被动结构“was organized”。故选C。
10.(2022·江西·中考真题)Mr. Smith created a new game. Soon all his students ________ rules to play it.
A.teach B.taught C.are taught D.were taught
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:史密斯先生创造了一个新游戏。很快,他所有的学生都学会了玩围棋的规则。
考查时态和语态。主语“all his students”是被教规则,与动词teach之间是动宾关系,结合“created”可知用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为was/were done。故选D。
11.(2022·四川成都·中考真题)Some groups _______ prizes on April 15, 2022 by the Central Committee of the CYLC(共青团中央).
A.were given B.were giving C.will be given
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:2022年4月15日,部分团体被共青团中央颁奖。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知,主语“Some groups”和谓语“give给”之间是被动关系,根据“on April 15, 2022”可知用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选A。
12.(2022·四川乐山·中考真题)—Waiter, a glass of apple juice, please.
—Sorry. Apple juice ________ only at breakfast.
A.serves B.is served C.is serving
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——服务员,请给我一杯苹果汁。——抱歉。苹果汁只在早餐时供应。
考查一般现在时被动语态。根据“Apple juice...only at breakfast.”可知,表示苹果汁只在早餐时供应;主语“apple juice”与动词“serve”之间是被动关系,故此处应用被动语态“be done”的结构,故选B。
13.(2022·四川遂宁·中考真题)—More and more high-technology products ________ in China.
—Yes. Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
A.is making B.are making C.is made D.are made
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——越来越多的高科技产品是中国制造的。 ——是的。我们的国家越来越强大。
考查一般现在时被动语态。主语products与动词make之间是被动关系,故此处应用被动语态,主语是复数形式,助动词用are,故选D。
14.(2022·河北·中考真题)—Mmm…Delicious. What is it?
—It ________ zongzi, Tony. It’s a traditional food in China.
A.calls B.is called C.called D.was called
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——嗯……好吃。这是什么?——它叫粽子,托尼。这是中国的传统食物。
考查被动语态。根据“What is it?”可知,此处回答使用一般现在时,It指代询问的这个东西,与动词call之间为被动关系,使用被动语态,It为单数,结构为is done。故选B。
15.(2022·湖北十堰·中考真题)The Youth Sports Center on Zixiao Road ________ last year.
A.built B.was built C.has built D.was building
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:紫霄路上的青少年体育中心是去年建成的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语“The Youth Sports Center”是动作的承受者,结合“last year”可知,此处是一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
【2021年】
1.(2021·辽宁盘锦市·中考真题)If the science fiction ________ into English, it will be popular around the world.
A.translates B.is translated C.translated D.was translated
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果这部科幻小说被翻译成英文,它将会在全世界受到欢迎。
考查一般现在时被动语态。if引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”,从句用一般现在时。主语“the science fiction”与动词“translate”之间是被动关系,故此处应填一般现在时被动语态is/am/are done的结构,故选B。
2.(2021·广西桂林市·中考真题)These great books ________ by people all over the world today.
A.were read B.read C.are read
【答案】C
【详解】句意:现在全世界的人都在读这些伟大的书。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意,主语和动词之间是动宾关系,故应用被动语态;结合时间状语today可知,应用一般现在时的被动语态,构成形式为:be done;主语“These great books”是复数形式,be用are;read的过去分词是read。故选C。
3.(2021·辽宁营口市·中考真题)Where we should go ________ next Friday.
A.is decided B.was decided C.will be decided D.has been decided
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们该去哪里将在下星期五决定。
考查被动语态。根据“next Friday”可知,句子应用一般将来时,且主句“Where we should go”与动词decide之间是被动关系,应用一般将来时的被动语态,故选C。
4.(2021·广西梧州市·中考真题)In our English class, many chances ________ to students to show themselves.
A.offer B.are offered C.offered D.are offering
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在我们的英语课上,给学生提供了很多展示自己的机会。
考查被动语态。句子主语chances与动词offer之间是被动关系,此处用被动语态,陈述一般情况,应用一般现在时的被动语态,故选B。
5.(2021·辽宁大连市·中考真题)The 2022 Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou.
A.hold B.held C.will be held D.have held
【答案】C
【详解】句意:2022年亚运会将在杭州举行。
考查被动语态。根据主语“The 2022 Asian Games”与动词hold的关系可知,此处应用被动语态,2022是将来的时间,应用一般将来时的被动,故选C。
6.(2021·黑龙江大庆市·中考真题)It ________ 100 years since the Communist Party ________ .
A.was; was founded B.has been; was founded
C.has been; founded D.was; founded
【答案】B
【详解】句意:共产党成立已经100年了。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语从句“since the Communist Party… .”可知,空一应用现在完成时,构成形式为:have/has done;主语“It”是第三人称单数形式,助动词应用has;be的过去分词是been;since引导的时间状语从句应用一般过去时,且主语和动词之间是动宾关系,故应用一般过去时的被动语态,构成形式为:was/were done;主语“the Communist Party”是第三人称单数形式,助动词应用was;found的过去分词是founded。故选B。
7.(2021·广西百色市·中考真题)Paper, one of the four greatest inventions in ancient China, ________by Cai Lun about 2, 000 years ago.
A.was invented B.is invented C.were invented D.are invented
【答案】A
【详解】句意:纸是中国古代四大发明之一,大约在2000年前由蔡伦发明。
考查一般过去时被动语态。根据“by Cai Lun”及“ 2, 000 years ago”可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为was/were done,主语paper表示“纸”,是不可数名词,故选A。
8.(2021·广西贵港市·中考真题)—Mum, could I help you take out the rubbish?
—Sure. But it ________ into different kinds for recycling first.
A.separates B.should separate
C.was separated D.should be separated
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我能帮你把垃圾拿出去吗?——确定。但是首先应该把它们分成不同的种类进行回收。
考查时态和语态辨析。主语“it”与动词separate之间是动宾关系,用被动语态;结合常识可知此处讲垃圾应该先被分类,用含情态动词should的的被动语态,其结构为should be done。故选D。
9.(2021·湖南益阳市·中考真题)—How clean the roads are!
—They ______ by the hard-working cleaners every day.
A.are cleaned B.clean C.will clean
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——道路多么干净啊!——它们被勤劳的清洁工每天打扫。
考查一般现在时被动语态。根据“every day”可知,句子是一般现在时,根据“by the hard-working cleaners”可知,此处要用一般现在时被动语态is/am/are done的结构,故选A。
10.(2021·湖北黄石市·中考真题)—How long may I ________ your magazine?
—For one week. But it mustn’t ________ to others.
A.borrow; lend B.keep; be lent C.lend; be borrowed D.have; lend
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我能借你的字典多长时间?——一周。但是你不能把它借给其他人。
考查动词辨析。borrow借,是瞬间性动词,不能和一段时间搭配使用;keep保存,保持,是延续性动词;lend借给,瞬间性动词;have拥有。根据第一句话中How long可知,表示一段时间,要与延续性动词一起连用,排除AC。主语it是动作lend的承受者,用被动语态,故选B。
11.(2021·四川凉山彝族自治州·中考真题)—Every year, millions of plastic bottles ________ away, polluting the land and waterways.
—That’s terrible. We should protect our environment.
A.threw B.are thrown C.have thrown D.were thrown
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——每年,数以百万计的塑料瓶被丢弃,污染了土地和水道。——那太可怕了。我们应该保护我们的环境。
考查一般现在时被动语态。根据“every year”可知,句子应用一般现在时,主语“plastic bottles”与动词“thrown”之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时被动语态is/are/am done的结构,故选B。
12.(2021·湖北襄阳市·中考真题)—This math problem ________ in half an hour.
—Don’t worry. Mr. Wang is good at math. He can make it.
A.is working out B.would work out C.should be worked out D.has worked out
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——这道数学题应在半小时内解决。——不要担心。王先生擅长数学。他可以解出它。
考查被动语态。根据“in half an hour”可知,此处应用一般将来时的被动语态,从时态上排除A/B/D选项,C选项是含有情态动词的被动语态,符合语境和语法,故选C。
13.(2021·湖南邵阳市·中考真题)— Lily, cars are increasing very fast nowadays.
— Actually, lots of convenience (方便) ________ for us.
A.provided B.provided C.is provided
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——莉莉,现在汽车数量增长很快。——实际上,它为我们提供了很多便利。
考查一般现在时被动语态。主语convenience“方便”和动词provide“提供”之间是被动关系;又根据句意可知,此处是一般现在时,所以应用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为am/is/are+动词过去分词,主语convenience是不可数名词,be动词用is,故选C。
14.(2021·湖北黄冈市·中考真题)— Eric, you ________ to go to the teachers’ office just now. What’s up?
— We aren’t allowed to bring phones to school. Em, but I broke the rule.
A.told B.tell C.are told D.were told
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——埃里克,你刚才被告诉去教师办公室。怎么了?——我们不准带手机上学。嗯,但我违反了规则。
考查动词时态和被动语态。根据“just now”可知,时态是一般过去时;埃里克被告诉去教师办公室,故为被动语态;即本句是一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were done。故选D。
15.(2021·贵州铜仁市·中考真题)—Why have I never seen this kind of mobile phone?
一Because it ________ by Huawei last month.
A.was produced B.would produced C.has produced D.are produced
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——为什么我从来没见过这种手机?——因为它是上个月由华为生产的。
考查动词时态及被动语态。根据句中“last month”可知,本句时态为一般过去时,排除B/C/D选项;it指代的是这种手机,与动词之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
16.(2021·北京中考真题)Today, many winter Olympic sports ________ even by children.
A.enjoyed B.enjoy C.were enjoyed D.are enjoyed
【答案】D
【详解】句意:今天,许多冬季奥运会项目甚至受到孩子们的喜爱。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Today”可知,是一般现在时,根据“by children”可知,表被动,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选D。
17.(2021·海南中考真题)The play Teahouse ________ by the famous Chinese writer Lao She.
A.wrote B.was writing C.was written
【答案】C
【详解】句意:著名的中国作家老舍写了话剧《茶馆》。
考查动词的时态和语态。根据主语“The play Teahouse”及“by the famous Chinese writer Lao She”可知表达被动含义,用一般过去时的被动形式“was written”。故选C。
18.(2021·吉林中考真题)— Let’s eat some snacks.
— Better not. Eating ________ in the library.
A.are not allowed B.doesn’t allow C.is not allowed
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我们吃点零食吧。——最好不要。图书馆内不允许进食。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语Eating是动作allow的承受者,用被动语态,主语是动名词,be动词用is。故选C。
19.(2021·贵州贵阳市·中考真题)As we all know, the telephone ________ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
A.invented B.is invented C.was invented
【答案】C
【详解】句意:众所周知,电话是亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔在1876年发明的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语the telephone是动作invent的承受者,用被动语态,结合“in 1876”可知,是一般过去时的被动语态,故选C。
20.(2021·福建中考真题)Many research labs ________ in the next 5 years to develop science and technology in China.
A.are building B.will be built C.were built
【答案】B
【详解】句意:未来5年,中国将建立许多研究实验室来发展科学技术。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语Many research labs是动作build的承受者,用被动语态,根据时间状语“in the next 5 years”可知,此处是一般将来时的被动语态,其构成是will be done。故选B。
21.(2021·黑龙江鸡西市·中考真题)Our sports meeting _______ until the end of July.
A.puts off B.will put off C.will be put off
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们的运动会将推迟到七月底。
考查被动语态。句子主语sports meeting与动词put off之间是被动关系,应用被动结构,结合选项可知,C选项是一般将来时的被动,故选C。
22.(2021·湖北十堰市·中考真题)Fishing _________ in order to protect the ecosystem of Hanjiang River.
A.allows B.is allowed C.isn’t allowed D.won’t allow
【答案】C
【详解】句意:为了保护汉江的生态系统,禁止捕鱼。
考查被动语态。句子主语Fishing与动词之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且这种行为是不被允许的,应用否定形式,故选C。
23.(2021·青海中考真题)—Students begin to pay more attention to subjects of art education.
—That’s true. They ________ in senior high school entrance examination.
A.are tested B.were tested C.will be tested
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——学生开始重视艺术教育的学科。——是真的。他们将在中考中接受测试。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“They…in senior high school entrance examination.”可知,被测试的动作还未发生,用一般将来时的被动语态,故选C。
24.(2021·湖南湘潭市·中考真题)As is known to all, the 2022 Winter Olympics ________ in China.
A.is held B.will hold C.will be held
【答案】C
【详解】句意:众所周知,2022年冬奥会将在中国举行。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“2022”可知,时态是一般将来时,主语the 2022 Winter Olympics是动作hold的承受者,所以用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。
25.(2021·湖南怀化市·中考真题)In the big earthquake of Gansu, people ______ to the safe places by the army.
A.take B.took C.were taken
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在甘肃大地震中,人们被军队带到了安全的地方。
考查被动语态。结合语境可知,句子主语people与动词take之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时的被动,故选C。
26.(2021·四川乐山市·中考真题)—Have you tasted zongzi, a kind of traditional Chinese rice dumplings?
—Sure. It’s said that a lot of zongzi _________ at the food factory twenty days ago.
A.are made B.were made C.made
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你吃过粽子吗,一种中国传统的粽子?——当然。据说二十天前食品厂做了很多粽子。
考查一般过去时被动语态。主语“zongzi”与动词“make”之间是被动关系,且时间状语“twenty days ago”是一般过去时标志词,故此处应填一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构,故选B。
27.(2021·江苏南京市·中考真题)Our school library ________ with plants, lovely desks and chairs, so I feel relaxed while studying or reading there.
A.decorates B.decorated C.is decorated D.was decorating
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们学校的图书馆装饰着植物,可爱的书桌和椅子,所以我在那里学习或阅读时感到很放松。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知,主语和动词之间是动宾关系,故应用被动语态;结合语境,应用一般现在时的被动语态,构成形式为:be done;主语“Our school library”是第三人称单数形式,故be用is;decorate的过去分词是decorated。故选C。
28.(2021·河北中考真题)These gifts ________ by children in their last summer holidays.
A.made B.were made C.make D.are made
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这些礼物是孩子们在上一个暑假里做的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语gifts与谓语make之间为被动关系,故应用“be动词+过去分词”的被动语态结构,且根据last summer holidays提示,句子应用过去时,故空格处应用一般过去时的被动语态结构,故选B。
29.(2021·江苏盐城市·中考真题)Rainbows ________ when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky.
A.produce B.produced C.are produced D.were produced
【答案】C
【详解】句意:当阳光穿过天空中的小水滴时,彩虹就产生了。
考查一般现在时被动语态。主语“Rainbows”与动词“produce”之间是被动关系,根据“passes”可知,句子用一般现在时,故此空应填一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构,故选C。
30.(2021·湖南岳阳市·中考真题)The blender________ for making a banana milk shake just now.
A.will be used B.was used C.is used
【答案】B
【详解】句意:刚才这台搅拌机是用来做香蕉奶昔的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。be used for被用来做某事;根据“just now”可知,动作发生在过去,用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
31.(2021·湖北武汉市·中考真题)— Did you notice the students ________ a few why questions in Mr. Zhang’s class?
— Yes, I think he wanted to train their abilities of deep thinking.
A.are asked B.must be asked C.have been asked D.were asked
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你注意到在张先生的课堂上,学生们被问了一些为什么的问题吗?——是的,我想他是想训练他们的深度思考能力。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语the students是动作ask的承受者,根据“Did you notice”可知,时态是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为was/were done。故选D。
32.(2021·天津中考真题)The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese cartoon hero. Today, he ________ by people of all ages.
A.will love B.was loved C.is loved D.will be loved
【答案】C
【详解】句意:孙悟空是中国传统的卡通英雄。今天,他受到了各年龄段人们的喜爱。
考查一般现在时被动语态。主语he与动词love之间是被动关系,根据“today”可知,此空应填一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构,故选C。
33.(2021·四川达州市·中考真题)— Why do some whales have to ________?
— Because humans catch whales for meat, fat and oil. Some of them are ________.
A.protect; dangerous B.protect; endangered C.be protected; dangerous D.be protected; endangered
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——为什么要保护一些鲸鱼?——因为人类捕捉鲸鱼是为了获取肉、脂肪和油。其中一些濒临灭绝。
考查被动语态和形容词辨析。endangered濒临灭绝的;dangerous危险的;句子主语whales与动词protect之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,have to是情态动词,此处构成情态动词的被动结构,排除A/B选项;结合常识可知,保护鲸鱼是因为一些鲸鱼濒临灭绝,第二空应用形容词endangered作表语,故选D。
34.(2021·江苏苏州市·中考真题)Now teenagers ________ to do voluntary work for their local commodities.
A.are encouraged B.were encouraged C.have encouraged D.are encouraging
【答案】A
【详解】句意:现在鼓励青少年为当地的商品做义工。
考查被动语态。句子主语teenagers与动词之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,排除C/D选项;陈述事实用一般现在时的被动,结构是“am/is/are+done”,故选A。
35.(2021·江西中考真题)The man did a great job in fighting COVID-19. He ________ on TV and becomes very known.
A.interviewed B.has interviewed C.was interviewed D.will be interviewed
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他在抗击新冠肺炎疫情中表现出色。他因为接受了电视采访而出名了。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语he是动作interview的承受者,根据语境可知,采访的动作发生在过去,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
36.(2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题)— Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu?
— Sure, You ________ to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.
A.were expected B.will expect C.are expecting D.are expected
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——吴老师,下周我们一定要读一些什么吗?——当然,你们要读《黑骏马》从58页到85页。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据上文“Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu?”结合“Sure, You … to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.”可知主语和谓语动词expect之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,因此用被动语态,句子时态是一般现在时,因此用一般现在时的被动语态,即be+动词的过去分词,主语是you,be动词用are,expect的过去分词是expected,故选D。
37.(2021·云南昆明市·中考真题)A lot of teenagers think as they are older and wiser, they ________ to make their own decisions.
A.should allow B.shouldn’t allow
C.should be allowed D.shouldn’t be allowed
【答案】C
【详解】句意:很多青少年认为随着他们年龄的增长和智慧的提高,他们应该被允许自己做决定。
考查含情态动词的被动语态。主语“they”与allow之间是动宾关系,此处用被动语态;再由“as they are older and wiser”可知随着他们更年长、更聪明,应该被允许自己做决定,用肯定句。故选C。
38.(2021·四川成都市·中考真题)The Party’s 100th birthday ________ on July 1st this year in our country.
A.will be celebrated B.has been celebrated C.will celebrate
【答案】A
【详解】句意:今年7月1日我国将庆祝建党100周年。
考查时态。根据“on July 1st this year”可知时态是一般将来时,且主语The Party’s 100th birthday与谓语动词celebrate之间是被动关系,用一般将来时的被动语态。故选A。
39.(2021·重庆中考真题)A lot of trees ________ in our city in spring every year.
A.are planted B.were planted C.plant D.planted
【答案】A
【详解】句意:每年春天我们城市都种了很多树。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语A lot of trees是动作plant的承受者,根据“every year”可知,是一般现在时的被动语态,其构成是am/is/are done。故选A。
40.(2021·四川泸州市·中考真题)“I’m still working because I’m still capable and hope to guide more young people,” said Wu Mengchao when he _______.
A.is interviewed B.is interviewing C.was interviewed D.was interviewing
【答案】C
【详解】句意:吴孟超在接受采访时说:“我还在工作,因为我还有能力,希望能引导更多的年轻人。”
考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析“when he ...”并结合选项可知,该句为被动语态,根据“said”可知,该句为一般过去时的被动语态,谓语结构是:was/were+动词的过去分词,“interview”的过去分词是“interviewed”。故选C。
41.(2021·四川遂宁市·中考真题)To celebrate the 100th birthday of the Communist Party of China, a speech competition ________ in our school last week.
A.hold B.held C.is held D.was held
【答案】D
【详解】句意:为了庆祝中国共产党100岁生日,上周我们学校举行了一次演讲比赛。考查被动语态。句子主语speech competition与动词hold之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,结合“last week”可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+done,故选D。
【2020年】
1.【2020 •广西北部湾经济区】In 1958, pinyin ________by Chinese linguist(语言学家)Zhou Youguang and his team.
A. designs B. designed C. is designed D. was designed
【答案】D
【解析】句意:1958年,中国语言学家周有光和他的团队设计了拼音。考查一般过去时的被动语态。designs一般现在时的第三人称单数;designed一般过去时;is designed一般现在时的被动语态;was designed一般过去时的被动语态。根据In 1958,可知句子时态用一般过去时;而且句子的主语pinyin与谓语动词design是被动关系,所以应用被动语态;一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+动词的过去分词,主语是单数,用was,design的过去分词是designed;故答案选D。
2.【2020 •贵州黔南州】Many successful businessmen _________to Hainan to give advice on how to build Hainan Free Trade Port.
A. invite B. are invited C. are inviting
【答案】B
【解析】句意:很多成功的商人被邀请来海南,为怎样建设海南自由贸易港口出谋划策。考查动词的时态和语态。invite动词的一般现在时的原形;are invited动词的一般现在时的被动;are inviting动词的现在进行时。主语businessmen与动词“邀请”之间是被动关系,此处用一般现在时的被动形式are invited。故选B。
3.【2020 •黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】—It's reported that 31 of the brave young men ________ in a big forest fire in Sichuan.
—I don't know who they are, but I know who they are for.
A. had killed B. killed C. were killed
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——据报道31名勇敢的年轻人在四川的一场森林大火中丧生。——我不知道他们是谁,但是我知道他们为了谁。考查被动语态。had killed过去完成时;killed杀死,过去式或过去分词形式;were killed 一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意可知,that从句中的主语31 of the brave young men与动词构成被动关系,应用被动语态,A和B都不对。故选C。
4.【2020 •黑龙江绥化】The old lady __________ the hospital in time at last.
A. is taken to B. took to C. was taken to
【答案】C
【解析】句意:那位老妇人最后被及时送往医院。考查一般过去时被动语态。is taken to一般现在时被动语态;took to一般过去时;was taken to一般过去时被动语态。根据句子结构,主语old lady与谓语动词take之间是被动关系,且“被及时送往医院”这个事情发生在过去,所以此空应填一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构。主语old lady是单数,所以空格处填was taken to。故选C。
5.【2020 •吉林省】How delicious the cake is! It_____________ by my grandmother this morning.
A. made B. is made C. was made
【答案】C
【解析】句意:蛋糕好美味!是今天早上我的祖母做的蛋糕。考查动词的时态和语态。made动词的一般过去式;is made动词的一般现在时的被动;was made动词的一般过去时态的被动。根据this morning可知是过去的动作,用一般过去时态,it指的是蛋糕,和动词“制作”之间是被动关系,动词用was made。故选C。
6.【2020 •南通市】As soon as books ________, the volunteers posted them to the students in Hope Primary School.
A. are raised B. were raised C. raised D. have raised
【答案】B
【解析】句意:书一被筹集好,志愿者们就给希望小学的学生们寄去了。考查一般过去时的被动语态。A. are raised表一般现在时被动语态;B. were raised表一般过去时被动语态;C. raised表一般过去时;D. have raised表现在完成时。从句主语books和谓语raise之间为被动关系,故应用被动语态,C、D选项可排除。根据英语语法,as soon as引导时间状语从句时,主句用一般过去时,从句用一般过去时或过去完成时。该句主句为一般过去时,故从句应用一般过去时的被动语态,故选B。
7.【2020 •无锡市】The bush fires in Australia ________ after a few months, leaving millions of animals dead.
A. were run out B. run out C. were put out D. put out
【答案】C
【解析】句意:澳大利亚的丛林大火在几个月后被扑灭,造成了数以百万计的动物死亡。考查一般过去时的被动语态及动词短语辨析。run out耗尽;put out扑灭。根据句意可知,这里指的是大火被扑灭,又因讲的是过去的事情,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
8.【2020 •盐城市】It is said that Yancheng-Nantong High-speed Railway in December, 2020.
A. complete B. is completed C. was completed D. will be completed
【答案】D
【解析】句意:据了解,盐城至南通高速铁路将于2020年12月建成。考查被动语态。complete完成,动词原形;is completed一般现在时的被动语态;was completed一般过去时的被动语态;will be completed一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意可知,该句主语Yancheng-Nantong High-speed Railway与动词complete是被动关系,应用被动语态,排除A;再根据句中的in December, 2020可知是将来的一个时间,因此应用一般将来时态。故选D。
9.【2020 •扬州市】—Have you tasted baozza, a mixture of pizza and baozi?
—Sure. Thousands of baozza________ at a baozi factory in Yang zhou each day next month.
A. will make B. makes C. was made D. will be made
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——你吃过包萨吗?一种披萨和包子的混合物。——当然。下个月,杨州的一家包子工厂将每天生产数千个包萨。
考查时态和语态。will make将制作,一般将来时;makes制作,动词三单;was made被做,一般过去时的被动结构;will be made将被制作,一般将来时的被动结构;根据句意理解可知,句子主语baozza和谓语动词make之间是被动关系,所以应该用被动结构,而句中的时间是next month,且each day是指将来的每一天,所以应该用一般将来时的被动,故选D。
10.【2020 •镇江市】It is reported that the Tokyo 2020 Olympics___________ no later than summer 2021.
A. is held B. will be held C. will hold D. hold
【答案】B
【解析】句意:据报道东京2020年奥运会将不迟于2021年举办。考查动词的时态和语态。is held一般现在时的被动;will be held动词的一般将来时的被动;will hold一般将来时;hold动词原形。根据“no later than summer 2021”可知是将来的动作,动词用一般将来时,主语Olympics与动词“hold”之间是被动关系,表示“被举办”用will be held。故选B。
11.【2020 •江西省】You ________ lunch at school. So you don’t have to bring your own food.
A. give B. will give C. are given D. have given
【答案】C
【解析】句意:你在学校吃午餐。因此你不用自带食物了。考查一般现在时被动语态。give给,是动词原形;will give一般将来时;are given一般现在时的被动语态;have given现在完成时。根据句意可知,该句主语You和动词give之间构成被动关系,应用被动语态。故选C。
12.【2020 •辽宁丹东】Basketball________ in 1891. Then in 1936 in Berlin, it became an event at the Olympics.
A. plays B. is played C. was played D. played
【答案】C
【解析】句意:篮球运动于1891年开始。然后在1936年的柏林,它成为了奥运会的一个项目。
考查被动语态。plays玩,动词三单;is played被玩,一般现在时的被动结构;was played被玩,一般过去时的被动结构;played玩,过去式;根据句意理解可知,句子主语与动词之间是被动关系,所以应该用被动结构,所以排除A/ D选项,再由句中的时间in 1891可知,这里应该用过去时的被动,结构是“was/ were+过去分词”;故选C。
13.【2020 •铁岭葫芦岛】—Mr. Wang is very famous in our school.
—That's for sure. He ________ by reporters tomorrow.
A. interviews B. interviewed C. is interviewed D. will be interviewed
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——王先生在我们学校很有名。——那是肯定的。他明天将接受记者的采访。考查时态和语态。interviews一般现在时主动语态;interviewed一般过去时主动语态;is interviewed一般现在时被动语态;will be interviewed一般将来时被动语态。根据句意及by reporters可知,主语he和谓语动词interview之间是被动关系;又因为时间状语为tomorrow,所以应用一般将来时的被动语态will be done,故选D。
14.【2020 •青海省】—What do you know about the earthquake happened in the morning?
—The wounded people ________ to the hospital in time.
A. are brought B. were brought C. will be brought
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——关于早上发生的地震你知道些什么?——受伤的人被及时送到医院。考查一般过去时的被动语态。bring带……到某处。are brought一般现在时的被动语态;were brought一般过去时的被动语态;will be brought一般将来时的被动语态。三个选项都是被动语态,结合题干中“What do you know about the earthquake happened in the morning?”可知是询问过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,此处是一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
15.【2020 •天津市】That machine is broken. It ________ tomorrow.
A.repaired B.was repaired C.will repair D.will be repaired
【答案】D
【解析】句意:那台机器坏了。明天将修理它。考查一般将来时的被动语态。repaired过去式/过去分词;was repaired一般过去时的被动语态;will repair一般将来时主动语态;will be repaired一般将来时的被动语态。根据题干可知,主语it和动词repair之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,应该使用被动语态;再由tomorrow可知句子时态应用一般将来时;一般将来时的被动语态结构为:will be+动词的过去分词;故答案选D。
16.【2020•湖北省恩施州】Labor can create wealth and at the same time beauty________ by labor, too.
A.making B.made C.is made
【答案】C
【解析】句意:劳动可以创造财富,同时美丽也由劳动创造。考查被动语态。making制造,动名词或现在分词形式;made是make的过去式或过去分词形式;is made一般现在时的被动语态。根据句子结构和句意可知,句中and连接并列句,beauty与动词之间构成被动关系,应用被动语态,A和B都不是被动语态。故选C。
17.【2020•湖北省黄石市】—I hate sweeping the floor.
—Why not buy a sweeping robot? It ________ widely nowadays.
A.use B.is used C.was used D.used
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——我讨厌扫地。——为什么不买个扫地机器人?它现在被广泛使用。
考查动词时态和被动语态。use一般现在时的主动语态;is used一般现在时的被动语态;was used一般过去时的被动语态;used一般过去时的主动语态。根据答语中nowadays可知,本句为一般现在时,且“扫地机器人”是“使用”动作的承受者,即机器人被使用,应为被动语态,故此处为一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
18.【2020•湖北省十堰市】—The last Beidou GEO-3 ______ into space successfully on June 23, 2020.
—As Chinese, we feel proud of it.
A.sends B.sent C.is sent D.was sent
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——最后一次北斗GEO-3于2020年6月23日成功发射升空。——作为中国人,我们感到自豪。考查一般过去时的被动语态。sends动词的第三人称单数;sent一般过去时;is sent一般现在时的被动语态;was sent一般过去时的被动语态。根据题干,可知主语是动作的承受者,所以应用被动语态be+过去分词;再由on June 23, 2020.可知句子时态是一般过去时,主语The last Beidou GEO-3是单数,be动词用was,send的过去分词是sent;故答案选D。
19.【2020•鄂州市】—Mr. White, when shall I hand in my report?
—As soon as it ________ tomorrow.
A. finishes B. will finish C. will be finished D. is finished
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——怀特先生,我什么时候交报告?——明天一完成就交。考查一般现在时的被动语态。finish完成。finishes动词的第三人称单数形式;will finish一般将来时;will be finished一般将来时的被动语态;is finished一般现在时的被动语态。as soon as意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,句中为避免重复省略了主句,从句用一般现在时;主语it与动词finish之间是动宾关系,要用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为am/is/are done,D项符合题意。故选D。
20.【2020•武汉市】—Do you need any help?
—No, thanks. We ______________ a lot of support since last year.
A. have offered B. have been offered C. were offered D. were offering
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——你需要帮助吗?——不,谢谢。自去年以来,我们得到了许多支持。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。offer提供。have offered现在完成时;have been offered现在完成时的被动语态;were offered一般过去时的被动语态;were offering过去进行时。主语“We”与动词offer之间是动宾关系,此处用被动语态,结合题干中“since last year”可知要用现在完成时。现在完成时的被动语态结构为have/has been offered。故选B。
21.【2020•咸宁市】—Our school sports meeting ___________ next week. Which sport will you take part in?
—The long jump and the high jump. I'm good at jumping.
A. holds B. held C. was held D. will be held
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——我们学校运动会将在下周举行。你要参加哪项运动?——跳远和跳高。我擅长跳跃。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。A:一般现在时;B:一般过去时;C:一般过去时的被动语态;D:一般将来时的被动语态。分析句子可知,本句主语sports meeting是动作hold的承受者,所以应使用被动语态;又因为句中时间状语是next week,所以应使用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
22.【2020•襄阳市】— Why have I never seen this kind of 5G mobile phone?
— Because it ___________ by Huawei last week.
A. was produced B. would produce C. have produced D. was producing
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——为什么我从来没见过这种5G手机?——因为它是上周由华为生产的。
考查动词时态及被动语态。was produced一般过去时的被动语态;would produce过去将来时的主动语态;have produced现在完成时的主动语态;was producing过去进行时的主动语态。“手机”和“华为”之间是被动关系,即手机被华为生产,故本句为被动语态。根据句中last week可知,本句时态为一般过去时,即一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
23.【2020•孝感市】— The 2022 Winter Olympic Games __________ in Beijing.
— What good news! I can’t wait to watch it.
A. hold B. will hold C. were held D. will be held
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——2022年冬奥会将在北京举行。 ——多好的消息啊!我等不及要看了。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。A. hold动词原形;B. will hold表一般将来时;C. were held表一般过去时的被动语态;D. will be held表一般将来时的被动语态。根据句中2022提示,该冬奥会还未举办,故应用将来时,A、C选项可排除。根据句意可知,主语The 2022 Winter Olympic Games和谓语hold之间为被动关系,即“被举办”,故选D。
24.【2020•岳阳市】Silver Tea leaves__________ by hand in Junshan Island.
A. is picked B. are picked C. picks
【答案】B
【解析】句意:在君山岛上人们用手采摘银针 。考查动词的时态和语态以及主谓一致。is picked动词的一般现在时的被动,主语是单数;are picked动词的一般现在时的被动;picks动词的一般现在时的第三人称单数。主语leaves叶子是复数名词;主语和动词pick之间是被动,用are picked表示“被采摘”。故选B。
25.【2020•益阳市】A 3-kilometer-long bridge ________ in our hometown three years ago.
A. has built B. is built C. was built
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我们家乡三年前建了一座3公里长桥。考查一般过去时的被动语态。build建造。has built现在完成时;is built一般现在时的被动语态;was built一般过去时的被动语态。题中主语“A 3-kilometer-long bridge”与动词build之间是动宾关系,此处用被动语态;结合时间状语“three years ago”可知是一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
26.【2020•湖南省邵阳市】—A new airport will be buit in Tantou, Longhui.
—Good news! But a lot of good farmland __________.
A.will waste B.may be wasted C.has wasted
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——隆回滩头将建一个新机场。——好消息!但是很多好的农田可能被浪费了。考查被动语态。will waste会浪费,一般将来时的主动语态;may be wasted可能被浪费,情态动词下的被动语态;has wasted已经浪费了,现在完成时的主动语态。根据语境可知,建新机场,农田会被浪费,“农田”是动作“浪费”的承受者,故本句应为被动语态,结合选项可知B选项符合题意。故选B。
27.【2020•湘西土家族苗族自治州】Aizhai Great Bridge ___________ in March 2012 and it is one of the highest bridges in Asia.
A. was built B. built C. is built
【答案】A
【解析】句意:矮寨大桥2012年3月建成,它是亚洲最高的大桥之一。考查动词的时态和语态。was built动词的一般过去时的被动;built动词的过去式;is built动词的一般现在时的被动。根据“in March 2012”可知讲述的是过去的事情,用一般过去时态;主语Aizhai Great Bridge和动词之间是被动关系,表示“被建”用was built。故选A。
28.【2020 •贵州黔南州】With the development of China, Chinese __________ by more and more people in the world.
A. speaks B. is spoken C. speak D. is speaking
【答案】B
【解析】句意:随着中国的发展,世界上越来越多的人说汉语。考查一般现在时的被动语态。speaks讲,说某种语言,动词三单形式;is spoken被讲;speak讲,说某种语言,动词;is speaking正在讲,现在进行时,由主语Chinese,可知此处Chinese为名词,意为“汉语”,动词短语“speak+某种语言”意为“讲某种语言”,其被动语态为“be spoken”,本句时态为一般现在时,故选B。
29.【2020 •河北省】Train tickets online. It is convenient.
A. sold B. were sold C. are sold D. have sold
【答案】C
【解析】句意:火车票在网上销售。它很方便。考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知,“火车票”和“销售”之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,故排除A、D;根据“It is convenient.”可知,时态为一般现在时,故选C。
30.【2020 •内蒙古包头市】Earth Day ______ in 1970 for the first time, and the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions (地区).
A.celebrated B.was celebrated C.is celebrated D.has been celebrated
【答案】B
【解析】句意:地球日在1970年第一次被庆祝,现在这一天包括了190多个国家和地区的活动。考查一般过去时的被动语态。celebrated一般过去时,庆祝;was celebrated一般过去时,被庆祝;is celebrated一般现在时,被庆祝;has been celebrated现在完成时,被庆祝。根据句中“in 1970”可知,句中时态为一般过去时,而且主语Earth Day与动词celebrate之间是被动关系,所以此处使用一般过去时的被动语态was celebrated。故选B。
31.【2020 •北京市】The kite ________ in China more than 2000 years ago.
A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented
【答案】D
【解析】句意:风筝是中国在2000多年前发明的。考查一般过去时的被动语态。invent发明。invents动词的第三人称单数形式;invented动词的过去式;is invented一般现在时的被动语态;was invented一般过去时的被动语态。题中主语“The kite”与动词invent之间是动宾关系,此处用被动语态;结合题干中时间状语“2000 years ago”可知要用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为was/were done。故选D。
32. 【2020 •贵州省安顺市】— Krystal, do you know how tea is produced?
— Yes. When tea leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then ________ for processing.
A. send B. are sent C. were sent
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——克里斯托,你知道茶叶是怎么生产的吗? ——是的。茶叶准备好后,用手采摘,然后送去加工。考查一般现在时的被动语态。A. send动词原形;B. are sent一般现在时的被动语态;C. were sent一般过去时的被动语态。根据前半句they are picked by和常识可知,茶叶的加工生产都是人来操作的,故茶叶与动词send之间为被动关系,故应用一般现在时的被动语态,故选B。
33. 【2020 •黔西南州】A number of volunteers will ________ for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
A. be needed B. are needed C. are needing D. be needing
【答案】A
【解析】句意:2022年北京冬奥会需要一批志愿者。考查被动语态。主语volunteers与谓语need之间为动宾关系,故应用被动语态,C、D选项可排除。空格前为will,故应用will be needed结构。故选A。
34. 【2020•黑龙江哈尔滨市】— What language ________ in Canada?
—Both English and French.
A. is spoken B. speaks C. is speaking
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——加拿大说什么语言?——英语和法语。考查一般现在时的被动语态。A:一般现在时的被动语态;B:一般现在时的动词三单;C:现在进行时。分析语意可知,此处陈述事实,时态是一般现在时,又因为主语language是动作speak的承受者,所以使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。
35. 【2020 •山东滨州市】—Will you go to Lisa's housewarming party next Sunday?
—Well, if I________, I will go on time.
A. invite B. will invite C. am invited D. will be invited
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——下星期天你会去丽莎的乔迁派对吗?——嗯,如果我被邀请,我会准时去的。考查被动语态。invite邀请,动词原形;will invite动词一般将来形式;am invited一般现在时的被动语态;will be invited一般将来时的被动语态。根据空前主语I与选项动词invite,结合语境可知,主语I和选项动词invite之间是被动关系,表示“被邀请”,因此用被动语态;if引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现的原则,主句一般将来时,从句一般现在时,因此从句用一般现在时的被动语态,其构成是am/is/are done,主语是I,所以此处用am invited。故选C。
36. 【2020 •四川省成都市】Wuchazi Bridge ________ as an Internet-famous place in Chengdu.
A. regards B. is regarded C. is regarding
【答案】B
【解析】句意:五岔子桥被认为是成都网红景点。本题考查时态和语态。regards是一般现在时的主动形式;is regarded是一般现在时的被动形式;is regarding是现在进行时的主动形式。根据句意,主语Wuchazi Bridge与谓语regard之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态。故选B。
37. 【2020 •乐山市】The 24th Winter Olympic Games ____________ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022.
A. is held B. will hold C. will be held
【答案】C
【解析】句意:第24届冬季奥运会将于2022年在北京和张家口举行。考查时态语态。is held 被举行;will hold 将举行;will be held 将被举行。根据in 2022可知用一般将来时态;根据句意,可知主语The 24th Winter Olympic Games与谓语动词hold是被动关系,即“被举行”,因此是一般将来时态的被动式,结构为will be done。故选C。
38. 【2020 •凉山州】As the most exciting and traditional way to shop, street markets __________here and there in China these days.
A. find B. found C. are found D. were found
【答案】C
【解析】句意:作为最让人兴奋和传统的购物方式,街市这些天在中国到处能被找到。考查动词时态和语态。find找到,一般现在时的动词原形;found动词的过去式;are found动词的一般现在时的被动结构;were found动词的一般过去时的被动结构。根据these days可知讲述的是现在的动作,用一般现在时;主语street markets和动词find之间是被动关系,用一般现在时的被动are found。故选C。
39. 【2020 •新疆维吾尔自治区(建设兵团)】Most of the earth's surface________ by water.
A. is covered B. covers C. is grown D. grows
【答案】A
【解析】句意:地球的大多数表面被水覆盖。考查被动语态。is covered 被覆盖(一般现在时的被动式);covers 覆盖(一般现在时);is grown 被种植;grows 种植。根据句意,可知此句意为“表面被水覆盖”,排除CD。又因为主语most of the earth's surface与谓语动词cover是被动关系,故选A。
40. 【2020 •重庆市】Another bridge over the Jialing River________last year.
A. builds B. built C. is built D. was built
【答案】D
【解析】句意:去年在嘉陵江上又建了一座桥。考查动词的时态和被动语态。builds动词第三人称单数形式,修建;built是build的过去式或过去分词形式;is built是一般现在时的被动语态;was built是一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意可知,该句的主语Another bridge与动词构成被动关系,应用被动语态,排除A和B;再由句中的时间last year可知,应用一般过去时。故选D。
【2019年】
1.【2019 •湖北省宜昌市】—It’s reported that 31 of the brave young men in a big forest fire in Sichuan.
—I don’t know who they are, but I know who they are for.
A. were killing B. were killed C. killed D. had killed
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——据报道,31名勇敢的年轻人在四川的一场森林大火中丧生。——我不知道他们是谁,但我知道他们是为了谁。考查动词语态辨析。31 of the brave young men是复数人称,是动词kill的受动者,需用“be +过去分词”被动语态结构;根据句意结构,可知选B。
2.【2019 •湖南长沙】— Perfect photos! Good skills!
— Thank you. They ______ by my Huawei mobile phone. In fact, I am not skillful at all.
A. took B. were taken C. will be taken
【答案】B
【解析】句意:好漂亮的照片!技术真棒!——谢谢。它们是用我的华为手机拍摄的。事实上,我一点也不熟练。A. took一般过去时的主动语态;B. were taken一般过去时的被动语态;C. will be taken一般将来时的被动语态。They代指Perfect photos,与动词take之间是被动的关系,排除A;这些照片已经拍摄完毕,是在过去拍摄的,故用一般过去时态,答案为B。
3.【2019 •湖南省岳阳市】It's reported that Notre﹣Dame de Paris(巴黎圣母院)_____in April 2019.
A.was burnt B.is burnt C.be burnt
【答案】A
【解析】主语 Notre﹣Dame de Paris和谓语"烧毁"是被动关系,再根据句意"据报道巴黎圣母院于2019年4月被烧毁"可知,要用一般过去时的被动语态,其构成为was/ were done,故选:A。
4.【2019 •四川省眉山市】Paper first about two thousand years ago in China by Cai Lun.
A. is; inventing B. is; invented
C. has; invented D. was; invented
【答案】D
【解析】句意:在中国大约两千年前,纸最开始被蔡伦发明。本题考查时态语态。A.现在进行时;B.一般现在时的被动语态;C.现在完成时;D.一般过去时的被动语态。主语paper与谓语invent之间为被动be done,排除A和C;且根据two thousand years ago可知,用一般过去时的被动语态,故选D。
5.【2019 •湖北省咸宁市】— The passenger refused to move after taking another one’s seat!
—What a shame! He according to the new credit system(诚信体系).
A. punish B. punished
C. will punish D. will be punished
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——乘客坐了另一个乘客的座位后拒绝调动! ——他的行为太羞耻了!根据新的信用规则,他将受到惩罚。A为动词原形;B为过去式;C为一般将来时;D. 为一般将来时的被动语态。结合语境可知,主语He和punish之间存在着被动关系,因此应该用被动语态;再者,乘客坐了另一个乘客的座位后拒绝调动!该乘客是将要接受惩罚的,因此时态为一般将来时,综合分析可知,本题应该用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
6.【2019 •襄阳市】— I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning.
— You know they _ by the hard-working cleaners every day.
A. clean B. are cleaned
C. are cleaning D. will clean
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——我喜欢早上在干净的街道上散步。——你知道它们每天都被勤奋的清洁工打扫。考查一般现在时的被动语态。A. clean打扫,动词原形;B. are cleaned一般现在时的被动语态;C. are cleaning现在进行时态;D. will clean一般将来时态。根据You know they _ by the hard-working cleaners every day.可知本句为主从复合句,从句的主语they和谓语动词clean之间存在逻辑上的被动关系,所以应用被动语态;由every day可知句子时态用一般现在时,一般现在时的被动语态构成为am/is/are+动词的过去分词,主语是they,be动词用are,clean的过去分词是cleaned;故答案选B。
7.【2019 •湖南省益阳市】A lot of trees ____________ every spring in Yiyang city.
A. plant B. is planted C. are planted
【答案】C
【解析】考查被动语态。句意:每年春天,益阳市都会栽种大量的树木。A. plant栽种;B. is planted被栽种,是主语为单数第三人称的被动语态;C. are planted被种植,是主语为复数的被动语态。根据主语a lot of trees大量的树木,是可数名词复数,可知be动词用are,故选C。
8.【2019 •江苏省南京市】The China International Search and Rescue Team has brought help and hope to people in disasters around the world since it ______18 years ago.
A.set up B.is set up
C.was set up D.will be set up
【答案】C
【解析】根据句意"中国国际搜救队自18年前成立以来,为世界各地的灾民带来了帮助和希望"可知,要用一般过去时的被动语态,其构成为was/ were done,故选:C。
9.【2019 •四川省广元市】Many old trees and houses __________ by the terrible rainstorm last night.
A. are pulled down B. were pulled down C. will be pulled down
【答案】B
【解析】考查一般过去时被动语态用法。句意:昨晚,很多老树和旧房子被可怕的暴雨摧毁了。“are pulled down”是一般现在时被动语态;“were pulled down”是一般过去时被动语态; “will be pulled down”是一般将来时被动语态。根据本句的时间“last night”(昨天晚上)可知用一般过去时被动语态,故选B。
10.【2019 •贵阳市】The Meitan Tea Museum, a famous building in Guizhou, in the shape of a giant teapot.
A. will be built B. should be built C. was built
【答案】C
【解析】句意:湘潭茶馆是贵州省著名的茶馆,它是一个巨大的茶壶形建筑。A. will be built将被建造;一般将来时被动语态;B. should be built应该被建造;含情态动词被动语态;C. was built被建造,一般过去时态,被动语态。根据语境可知这里是一般过去时态的被动语态,其结构是was/were done的形式。根据题意,故选C。
11.【2019 •广西河池市】Look at the flowers on both sides of the streets, They _________ last month.
A. were planted B. are planted
C. are planting D. were planting
【答案】A
【解析】句意:看路两边的那些花,他们是上个月种植的。were planted一般过去时的被动语态;are planted一般现在时的被动语态;are planting现在进行时;were planting过去进行时。根据句意可知,主语They代指the flowers,和动词plant构成被动关系,应用被动语态,先排除C和D;根据句中的时间状语last month可知,应用一般过去时,故选A。
12.【2019 •河南省】—Where is your book report? Did your dog eat it again?
—No, it almost ,and then my computer just died on me!
A. 不填;finishes B. 不填;finished
C. is; finished D. was; finished
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——你的读书报告呢?你的狗又把它吃了吗? ——没有,它几乎要被完成了,然后我的电脑死机了。考查一般过去时的被动语态。A为一般现在时;B为一般过去时;C为一般现在时的被动语态;D为一般过去时的被动语态。主语it,即读书报告是谓语“完成”的承受者,且动作发生在过去,因此用过去式的被动语态。故选D。
13.【2019 •吉林省】The environment in my hometown is improving because many trees every year.
A. plant B. planted C. are planted
【答案】C
【解析】句意:在我的家乡,环境正在改善因为每年有许多的树被种猪。A.一般现在时;B.一般过去时;C.一般现在时的被动语态。根据every year可知,用一般现在时,排除B;且主语many trees与谓语plant之间为被动be done,故选C。
14.【2019 •南通市】—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community?
—Wonderful. A lot of useful advice on self-protection .
A. is offered B. are offered
C. was offered D. were offered
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你觉得昨天在你的社区里的活动怎么样?——好极了。在自我保护方面提供了很多有用的建议。A. is offered被提供,一般现在时态的被动语态;单数;B. are offered 被提供,一般现在时态的被动语态;复数;C. was offered被提供,一般过去式的被动语态;单数;D. were offered被提供,一般过去式的被动语态;复数;根据上文What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community?可知下文是一般过去时态,主语是A lot of useful advice不可数名词,这里be动词用单数was。根据题意,故选C。
15.【2019 •天水市】National Day celebrations for China's seventieth birthday in about three months.
A. will be held B. will hold
C. is held D. was held
【答案】A
【解析】句意:大约三个月后将举行建国70周年国庆庆典。A. will be held一般将来时的被动语态; B. will hold一般将来时的主动语态;C. is held一般现在时的被动语态;D. was held一般过去时的被动语态。in about three months表示的将来的时间状语,句子的时态为一般将来时,排除C,D;主语National Day celebrations与hold之间是被动的关系,故答案为A。
16.【2019 •湖南省湘西州】—Who's the little boy in the photo?
—It's me. The photo when I was six years old.
A. takes B. took C. was taken
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——照片上的小男孩是谁?——是我。这张照片是我六岁时拍的。A为一般现在时;B为一般过去时;C为一般过去时的被动句。The photo与take之间存在着被动关系,而且是六岁时拍的,因此应该用一般过去时的被动句。故选C。
17.【2019 •岳阳市】It’s reported that Notre-Dame de paris (巴黎圣母院)________ in April 2019.
A. was burnt B. is burnt C. be burnt
【答案】A
【解析】句意:据报道巴黎圣母院在2019年4月被烧毁了。was burnt被烧毁,一般过去时的被动语态;is burnt一般现在时的被动语态;be burnt动词原形be+过去分词,是被动语态形式。三个选项都可以表示被动,根据句中的时间状语in April 2019可知,这个时间是过去的,表示过去发生的事情应用一般过去时,故应选A。18.【2019 •镇江市】Have you heard that the 2022 Winter Olympics ______________ in Beijing?
A. held B. are held
C. were held D. will be held
【答案】D
【解析】句意:你听说了吗,2022年冬季奥运会将在北京举行?held举行,过去式或过去分词;are held一般现在时的被动语态;were held一般过去时的被动语态;will be held一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意the 2022 Winter Olympics是还没有发生的事情,并且与动词hold构成被动关系,故应用一般将来时的被动语态,故应选D。
19. 【2019 •甘肃省天水市】National Day celebrations for China's seventieth birthday in about three months.
A.will be held B.will hold
C.is held D.was held
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查的是一般将来时的被动语态.所给答案分析:will be held 一般将来时被动语态;will hold 一般将来时;is held 一般现在时的被动语态;was held一般过去时的被动语态.根据句中的in about three months可知,属于一般将来时,再根据主语celebrations可知语态为被动语态.所以只有A符合要求,故选A。
20.【2019 •广西贵港市】—Do you know the famous artist in red?
—Sure.He to the art festival in our city every year.
A.invites B.invited
C.is invited D.was invited
【答案】C
【解析】根据句意"当然,他每年都被邀请参加我市的艺术节"可知,要用一般现在时的被动语态,其构成为am/ is/ are done,主语是三单,用is。故选:C。
21.【2019 •广西河池市】Look at the flowers on both sides of the streets.They __________ last month.
A.were planted B.are planted
C.are planting D.were planting
【答案】A
【解析】主语they与plant之间是被动关系,根据last month可知用一般过去时的被动语态,was/were +过去分词,故选:A。
22.【2019 •广西柳州市】This book ________________ by children.
A. loves B. loved C. is loved
【答案】C
【解析】主语this book和动词love是被动关系,再根据句意"这本书深受孩子们的喜爱"可知,一般现在时的被动语态,其构成为am/ is/ are done,主语是the book,用is,故选:C。
23. 【2019 •海南省】—China plans to send another spaceship into space.
—Wow! More and more secrets __________ soon.
A.are going to discover
B.will be discovered
C.have discovered
【答案】B
【解析】主语More and more secrets和动词discover是被动关系,再结合句意"越来越多的秘密很快就会被发现"可知,要用一般将来时的被动语态,其构成为will be done,故选:B。
24.【2019 •湖南省邵阳市】—Waiter! I'd like some Shaoyang rice noodles.
—Sorry, sir. Rice noodles ________ only in the morning.
A.serve B.will serve C.are served
【答案】C
【解析】主语Rice noodles与serve是被动关系,根据语境用一般现在时的被动语态,由be(am,is are)+过去分词构成,故选:C。
25.【2019 •吉林省】The environment in my hometown is improving because many trees every year.
A.plant B.planted C.are planted
【答案】
【解析】C.本题考查的是被动语态的构成和用法。分析:题干句是一个主从复合句,because 引导的是原因状语从句,从句的主语是many trees,与"栽"之间是被动关系,而且从every year 可知时态是一般现在时,所以空格上应该填一般现在时的被动语态(谓语动词的构成:am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词),只有C符合要求,故选:C。
26.【2019 •辽宁省本溪市】As far as I know, the robot that can sweep the floor ________ in the 1980s.
A.is invented B.invented
C.was invented D.has invented
【答案】C
【解析】句意:据我所知,能扫地的机器人是20世纪80年代被发明的。一般过去时态的被动态,was/were done,主语是单数,故用was,故选:C。
27.【2019 •四川省达州市】—Dr.Bethune helped a lot of Chinese in the 1930s, he is a great international soldier.
—I know, so he __________ still __________ in both China and Canada now.
A.has;remembered B.is;remembered
C.well;remember D.is;remembering
【答案】B
【解析】主语Dr.Bethune和动词"remember"是被动关系,再根据句意"我知道.所以他现在仍然被中国和加拿大人记得"可知,要用一般现在时的被动语态,其构成为am/ is/ are done,其他选项不符合语法,也语意不通。
28.【2019 •四川省广元市】Many old trees and houses __________ by the terrible rainstorm last night.
A. are pulled down B. were pulled down C. will be pulled down
【答案】B
【解析】根据句意:昨晚可怕的暴风雨使许多老树和老房子倒塌了。可知主语是动作的承受者,结合 last night,可知是一般过去时的被动语态were/was+过去分词,主语是复数,故选:B。
29.【2019 •四川省遂宁市】Some people think trees ____ on Tree Planting Day only.
A.should plant B.should be planted
C.should be plant D.should be planting
【答案】B
【解析】根据题干可知一些人们认为种树应该只在植树节,其中trees和plant是被动语态,且句中有情态动词should,则此处应用含情态动词的被动语态should be done,故选:B。
30.【2019 •云南省昆明市】With the rapid progress in high technology, 5G around most parts of China in the near future.
A.is used B.is using
C. will use D. will be used
【答案】D
【解析】句意:随着高科技的飞速发展,5G在中国大部分地区将在不久的将来投入使用。主语5G和动词use是被动关系,再结合句意"随着高科技的飞速发展,5G在中国大部分地区将在不久的将来投入使用"可知,要用一般将来时的被动语态,其构成为will be done,故选:D。
31.【2019 •福建】As one of the most exciting sports, volleyball __________ in the Olympic Games in 1964.
A. included B. is included C. was included
【答案】C
【解析】考查被动语态:volleyball 和 include 为被动关系,其结构为“be+动词过去分词”,并结合时间in 1964可知发生在过去,故选C。
32.【2019 •安徽】The villagers expect that the building of the bridge ____ before the rainy season comes.
A. is completed B. was completed
C. will be completed D. has been completed
【答案】C
【解析】句意:村民们希望在雨季到来之前完成这座桥的建设。is completed是一般现在时的被动语态,被完成;was completed一般过去时的被动语态;will be completed一般将来时的被动语态;has been completed现在完成时的被动语态。根据句中before the rainy season comes可知,桥还没有建设完,应用一般将来时。主语the building of the bridge与动词complete构成被动关系,应用一般将来时的被动语态,故应选C。
33.【2019 •甘肃省敦煌市】A baby's first month birthday is a special event in China and _____ with a special Party.
A. celebrates B. is celebrated
C. was celebrated D. will celebrate
【答案】B
【解析】句意:在中国,小孩满月是一个特别的事件,并且会用一个特别的派对来庆祝。A.一般现在时;B.一般现在时的被动语态;C.一般过去时的被动语态;D.一般将来时。本句话中,主语为A baby's first month birthday,与谓语celebrate之间为被动be done,排除A和D;且本句话描述的是一个客观事实,用一般现在时,故选B。
34.【2019 •湖北省黄冈市】—Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike!
—Sorry, Mum. It ___ _yesterday. I forgot to do it.
A. didn’t clean B. isn’t cleaned
C. was cleaned D. wasn’t cleaned
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——哦,你的房间太脏了,迈克!——对不起,妈妈。昨天没有打扫。我忘了做。A为一般过去时,主动语态;B为一般现在时的被动句;C为一般过去时的被动句;D为一般过去时的被动句。根据yesterday.可知,本题的时态为一般过去时,因此排除B;再根据I forgot to do it. 我忘了做。说明没有打扫房间,因此排除C;句中的主语It是代指上文的your room,your room做主语,应该用被动语态,选项A为主动语态,排除,故选D。
35.【2019 •江西省】Gina went to the doctor’s yesterday and she ______ about the importance of good living habits once more.
A. told B. is told C. was told D. has told
【答案】C
【解析】句意:Gina昨天去看医生了,她再次被告诉好的生活习惯的重要性。根据told一般过去时态的结构,is told一般现在时态的被动语态,was told一般过去时态的被动语态, has told现在完成时态的结构;根据she和tell之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,排除A/D;根据yesterday可知是过去时态;故选C。
36.【2019 •江苏省连云港市】It's reported the medals for the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo __________ from 100% recycled material.
A. are making B. have made
C. is made D. will be made
【答案】D
【解析】句意:据说2020年东京奥运会的奖牌百分之百是由可循环利用的材料制成。A.现在进行时;B.现在完成时;C.一般现在时的被动语态;D.一般将来时的被动语态。主语the medal与谓语make之间为被动be done,排除A和B;且根据the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo可知,用一般将来时的被动语态,故选D。
37.【2019 •临沂市】Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _________each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.
A. is created B. was created C. creates
【答案】A
【解析】句意:在世界各地,每年都有300万的塑料是被创造,其中大约百分之十都流向了大海。create创造,根据句意,塑料“被”创造,因为是“每年”所以是一般现在时,故是一般现在时的被动语态,故选A。
38.【2019 •四川省南充市】—Lucy, what have you learnt from this history class?
—Paper __________first __________about 2,000 years ago in China.
A. is; invented B. was; invented
C. is; inventing D. was; inventing
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——露西,从这节历史课中你学到了什么?——纸是大约2000年前在中国最早发明的。A. is; invented被发明,一般现在时态被动语态;B. was invented被发明,一般过去时态被动语态;C. is inventing正在发明,现在进行时;D. was inventing正在发明,过去进行时。根据时间状语about 2,000 years ago in China.可知用一般过去时态,排除A、C;主语是Paper可知,这里是动作承受者用被动语态,一般过去时态的被动语态,排除D。根据题意,故选B。
39.【2019 •湖北省孝感市】—I'm tired of cleaning the house.
—Sweeping robots more and more widely today. Why not buy one?
A. are used B. were used
C. are using D. used
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——我厌倦了打扫房子。——现在扫地机器人的应用越来越广泛。为什么不买一个呢?考查动词语态辨析。Sweeping robots和动词use(使用)是被动关系,需用“be done”被动结构,可排除CD两项。today(今天,现在)用于一般现在时,根据句意结构和语境,可知B项时态错误,故选A。
40.【2019 •重庆市B卷】These machines _____ in their factory by themselves last year.
A. make B. made
C. are made D. were made
【答案】D
【解析】句意:这些机器是去年他们自己在工厂制造的。A. make一般现在时的主动语态;B. made一般过去时的主动语态;C. are made一般现在时的被动语态;D. were made一般过去时的被动语态。主语与make之间是被动的关系,排除A,B;根据last year判断,句子的时态为一般过去时,故答案为D。
41.【2019 •重庆市A卷】His car ____ five years ago, but it looks quite new.
A. buys B. bought
C. is bought D. was bought
【答案】D
【解析】由时间状语“five years ago”可推知,此处要用一般过去时,又因为car与buy之间是动宾关系,故要用被动语态。故此题要用一般过去时的被动语态。
42.【2019 •河北】These cakes _________ with chocolate. Have one, please.
A. fill B. filled
C. are filled D. were filled
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词的被动语态。蛋糕和装满是被动关系,而be filled with...是被……填满,所以句子翻译为“这个蛋糕注满了巧克力”,故选C。
43.【2019 •北京】My advice on how to save paper _________ by my class last Monday.
A. accepts B. accepted
C. was accepted D. is accepted
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我的关于怎样节省纸的建议上周一被我的班级接受了。accepts接受,第三人称单数形式;accepted过去式;was accepted一般过去时的被动语态;is accepted一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知,该句的主语My advice与动词accept构成被动关系,应用被动语态,故先排除A和B;根据句中的时间状语last Monday可知,应用一般过去时,故选C。
44.【2019 •广东省】It is said that one Greater Bay Area university ____ in Guangdong in the future.
A. will be built B. build
C. will build D. is built
【答案】A
【解析】在that引导的宾语从句中,主语one Greater Bay Area university与build是逻辑上的动宾关系,故要用被动语态;又因为in the future表示将来,故答案选A。
45.【2019 •河南省】—Where is your book report? Did your dog eat it again?
—No, it almost _________, and then my computer just died on me!
A. /; finishes B./; finished
C.is; finished D. was; finished
【答案】
【解析】一般过去时的被动语态。句意:——你的读书报告呢?你的狗又把它吃了吗?——没有,它几乎要被完成了,然后我的电脑死机了。主语是动作的承受者,且动作发生在过去。
46.【2019 •四川省成都市】Unluckily, Notre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) ______ this April. We felt so sad for that.
A. was burnt B. is burnt C. has been burnt
【答案】A
【解析】句意:不幸的是,今年四月巴黎圣母院被烧毁。我们为此感到很难过。考查动词时态辨析。A. was burnt 一般过去时的被动语态。 B. is burnt一般现在时的被动语态。 C. has been burnt现在完成时的被动语态。this April今年四月,用于一般过去时,巴黎圣母院被烧毁,用被动语态,故选A。
47.【2019 •四川省自贡市】—Tom is always careless with his schoolwork.Could you help him?
—No problem!I think he _______ to think twice before starting.
A.should be told B.shouldn't be told C.should tell
【答案】
【解析】句意:——汤姆在功课上总是很粗心。你能够帮帮他吗?——没问题。我想应该告诉他在开始前要先三思。首先根据语境判断答语的意思是"没问题。我想应该告诉他在开始前要先三思。"主语 he是动作tell 的承受者,表示"被告知",确定用被动语态,根据句意用情态动词should,含有情态动词的被动语态的构成是:主语+情态动词+be+动词的过去分词。故选:A。
48.【2019 •天津】The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge _______ in 2018. We are proud of it.
A.is completed B.is completing
C.was completed D.completes
【答案】C
【解析】句意:港珠澳大桥于2018年完工.我们为它感到骄傲。本题考查动词时态及语态。根据时间状语in 2018可知,应该使用一般过去时,且港珠澳大桥和complete为被动关系,故使用一般过去时的被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构:was/were+过去分词。本题的主语是the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge,第三人称单数,用was,故选:C。
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