考点巩固卷10 介词-2024年高考英语一轮复习考点通关卷(新高考通用版)(解析版)
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这是一份考点巩固卷10 介词-2024年高考英语一轮复习考点通关卷(新高考通用版)(解析版),共10页。
考点巩固卷10 介词2023年高考真题 1.(2023新高考I卷)There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 40 hand rather than rolled.答案:by。解析:考查介词。句意:在那里,你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包,更少的汤,包子皮是用手压的,而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配,根据句意,故填by。2.(2023新高考II卷)And who do they speak English 38 ? 答案:with。解析:考查介词。句意:他们和谁说英语?分析句子结构可知,根据句意此处强调双向交流,应用固定搭配:speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈”。故填with。2.(2023全国甲卷)She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 68 saving their environment.答案:for。解析:考查介词。句意:她警告社会面临的环境危险,并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对……负责。故填for。3.(2023浙江1月卷)Thanks to Beijing’s long history capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic events.答案:as。解析:.考查介词。句意:感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史,同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事,甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知,空格处译为“作为”,as是介词意为“作为”,符合句意。故填as。2021-2022年高考真题 1.(2022新高考I卷)Giant pandas also serve __________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. 答案:as解析:考查介词。句意:大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语:serve as (充当)。故填as。2.(2022全国甲卷)He flew 4, 700 kilometers __________ Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20. 答案:from解析:考查介词。句意:9月20日,他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知,此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”,应用介词from,固定搭配from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。3.(2022全国乙卷)May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially __________ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. 答案:by解析:考查介词。句意:2019年11月27日,联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知,此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动,使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。4.(2022全国乙卷)Maybe it is because the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise.答案:because后加of。解析:考查介词。句意:也许是因为新鲜空气、流畅的运动和锻炼的结合。because表示“因为”,后面接从句,短语because of表示“因为”,后面接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语,the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise是名词短语。故在because后加of。5.(2021新高考II卷)A company representative wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _________ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 答案:from解析:考查介词。句意:一位公司代表回信告诉我,该航空公司将把每天1200个航班从塑料杯换成纸杯。 from sth to sth从...到..., 所以填from。6.(2021年北京卷)While riding his bike home ________ a cold night,he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself.答案:on解析:考查介词。句意:在一个寒冷的夜晚,当他骑着自行车回家时,他遇到了一个看起来悲伤的老妇人独自在街上游荡。表示“在具体的某一天”或“(在具体的某一天的)早上、中午、晚上”等,须用介词on。故填on。7.(2021全国乙卷)It was not widely accepted as a travel concept __________ the late 1980s. 答案:until解析:考查固定句型。句意:直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知,此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”,表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。故填until。8.(2021全国乙卷)Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types __________ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. 答案:of解析:考查介词。句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of 为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”,所以空格处应填of。故填of。2023年名校模拟题1.With no rain for over a year, the city is suffering ________ unusually hot weather.2.He was ________ charge of the shop while the manager was away.3.To our amazement, the restaurant charged us only $20 ________ dinner that day. It was well worth it.4.I am writing this letter to recommend myself________a qualified candidate for the job. 5.To begin with, we just need to take our books to a fixed place, which is very convenient________the participants. 6.Their salaries decrease annually ________ one hundred dollars.7.I am doing a project ________ behalf of my school about global warming.8.The study found that crime of the city is________ the decrease.9.Before she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she didn’t need to keep it a secret _________ me.10.Take care_________yourself while you are pregnant.11.Mary would never do anything that was not approved ________by her parents in order not to make them unhappy.12.The old lady was terrified ________ crossing the busy road. 13.In recent years, a chain of events caused these little foxes to be listed ________ endangered species.14.Only ________ minority of the class voted for the plan. 15.To my joy, two students assisted me ________ the experiment. 16.The event had a great impact_______________ the history of the small country.17.We fell _______________ love with the place the first time we went there.18.Whether we can go hiking depends _______________ the weather.19.Each worker has to pay income tax which is related ________ the sum total of his personal income.20.The study has found that those who are allergic________ milk are likely to react to cheese.21.For the well-being of the people in the neighbourhood, we argue ________ setting up sports facilities here.22.She reminds me ________ giving the classroom a good cleaning. 23.I am greatly convinced that the policy will guarantee us _________ all loss.24.After I came to college, I majored _________ history and philosophy.25.Since childhood, he has developed a strong appetite _________ knowledge.26.His workshop connected ___________ a small building in the garden.27.He ended up ________ the top leader of the company.28.True education does not consist ________simply teaching facts. 29.The major cause ________these accidents is drivers going too fast. 30.She soon adjusted herself_____his way of life.31.She was not familiar ________ the road.32.Nowadays many people travel across China ________ means of high-speed trains. 33.As a student, I get so many assignments every day. I have to stay up late in order to finish all my homework. I used to complain about all this pressure ________ school with my classmates.34.76 participants ________ different countries walked shoulder to shoulder through the performance zone in a program that greeted all the people around the world.35.Everybody was touched __________ words after they heard her moving story.36.We should adopt positive attitude_______failures in life.37.Bored, Tom couldn’t concentrate _____what his mother was saying.38.The total amount of packaging increased _________ 12% between 1999 and 2005.39.Most people don’t pay attention ______ the chairs they use.40.Mike must be angry ______ me, for he walked past me without even saying hello.41.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus ________?42.________ the other hand, being young and old ________ the same time has its attractions. 43.If you are in need ________ a deadline extension, simply explain the situation ________ the professor. 44.In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented ________ a box with a nut inside it.45.This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned ________ a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”.46.Antarctica left an impression ________ me that no other place has.47.The power rationing in Jiangsu also forced factories in the key manufacturing (制造业) industry to cut or even stop their operations________ the end of the month.48.In 1844 they bought it ________ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their marriage49.He had to take the medicine three times a day, so as to be free ________the pain in the leg.50.After seeing the film, they made comments ________some of the parts.参考答案:1.from【详解】考查介词。句意:由于一年多没有下雨,这座城市正遭受着异常炎热的天气。分析句子结构可知,此处应为固定短语suffer from意为“遭受”符合句意。故填from。2.in【详解】考查短语。句意:经理不在时,他负责管理商店。短语: in charge of“主管,负责”,故填in。3.for【详解】考查介词。句意:令我们吃惊的是,餐馆那天的晚餐只收了我们20美元。很值得。charge sb. for,固定搭配,意为“向某人收费……”,故填for。4.as【详解】考查介词。句意:我写这封信是为了推荐我自己,我认为我是这个工作的合格人选。短语recommend oneself as表示“推荐……”。故填as。5.for【详解】考查介词。句意:首先,我们只需要把书带到一个固定的地方,这对参与者来说非常方便。分析句意可知,此句包含结构be convenient for sb.“对某人而言很方便”。故填for。6.by【详解】考查介词。句意:他们的工资每年减少一百美元。分析句子可知, decrease by后面直接加减少的数量或者程度,该句表示“每年减少一百美元”为减少的程度。故填by。7.on【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我正在代表我的学校做一个关于全球变暖的项目。根据空后的“behalf of”可推知,空处用on,构成固定短语on behalf of…,表示“代表……”。故填on。8.on【详解】考查介词。句意:研究发现这个城市的犯罪率正在下降。结合句意此处应填介词on,on the decrease意为“在下降”,固定搭配。故填on。9.from【详解】考查介词。句意:在她还没来得及反应,我给了她一个紧紧的拥抱,并告诉她她没有必要向我保密。keep a secret from sb.“对某人保密”是固定短语。故填from。10.of【详解】考查介词。句意:怀孕期间要好好照顾自己。“照顾”是固定短语take care of,故填of。11.of【详解】考查介词。句意:为了不让父母不高兴,玛丽决不会做任何不被父母同意的事。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用动词短语approve of“同意”,本句使用的是一般过去时的被动语态。故填of。 12.of【详解】考查介词。句意:老太太害怕穿过繁忙的马路。根据句意和空格前的形容词terrified可知,此处是考查terrified和介词of的搭配be terrified of(害怕……)。故填of。13.as【详解】考查动词短语。句意:近年来,一系列事件导致这些小狐狸被列为濒危物种。根据句意可知,此处为动词短语be listed as“被列为”,满足句意要求。故填as。14.a【详解】考查固定短语。句意:只有少数人投票赞成该计划。根据句意及句子结构可知,空处应为冠词a,a minority of表示“少数”,故填a。15.with【详解】考查介词。句意:使我高兴的是,有两个学生帮助我做实验。根据句意可知,此处为动词短语assist sb with sth“帮助某人做某事”,满足句意要求,所以此处为介词with的填入。故填with。16.on【详解】考查介词。句意:这一事件对这个小国的历史产生了重大影响。分析句子可知,空格处和前面impact构成固定短语have a great impact on对……有重大影响。故填on。17.in【详解】考查介词。句意:我们第一次去那里的时候就爱上了那个地方。根据句意可知,此处意为“爱上……”,表达为fall in love with,故填in。18.on【详解】考查介词。句意:我们是否可以去徒步旅行取决于天气。depend on“取决于”,固定短语,故填on。19.to【详解】考查固定短语。句意:每个工人都必须缴纳与其个人收入总额相关的所得税。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“be related to…”,意为“与……有关”,故空格处应用介词“to”。故填to。20.to【详解】考查介词。句意:研究发现,那些对牛奶过敏的人可能会对奶酪有不良反应。be allergic to...表示“对……过敏”。故填to。21.for【详解】考查介词。句意:为了附近居民的福祉,我们赞成在这里设立运动设施。根据“argue”及后文“setting up ”可知,此处需要填介词。Argue for表示“支持,赞成”,符合句意。故填for。22.of【详解】考查介词。句意:她提醒我要给教室做个大扫除。固定短语remind sb. of doing sth.意为“提醒某人做某事”符合题干和句意。故填of。23.against【详解】考查介词。句意:我深信这项保险将保证我们不受任何损失。根据所给句子分析可知,此处需要使用介词against与guarantee构成短语“guarantee against(保证不……)”,故填against。24.in【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我上大学后,主修历史和哲学。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“major in…”,意为“主修……”,故空格处应用介词“in”。故填in。25.for【详解】考查介词。句意:自从童年起,他就培养了对知识强烈的渴望。根据句意可知,此处意为“对……培养了强烈的渴望”,表达为develop a strong appetite for…,故填for。26.with【详解】考查固定短语。句意:他的工作间连着花园里的一栋小楼。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“connect with…”,意为“与……连接”,故空格处应用介词“with”。故填with。27.as【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:他最终成为了公司的最高领导。分析句意再根据空格后的the top leader可知,此处用as表示“作为”最高领导,符合语境。故填as。28.in【详解】考查介词。句意:真正的教育不在于简单地传授知识。根据“true education”可知,这是说真正教育在于,“在于”是固定短语consist in,空处缺少介词。故填in。29.of【详解】考查介词。句意:这些事故的主要原因是司机开得太快。根据句意及所给句子可知,设空处前后表示所属关系,意为“……的”,应用of。故填of30.to【详解】考查介词。句意:她很快就适应了他的生活方式。短语adjust oneself to表示“使自己适应于”。故填to。31.with【详解】考查固定短语。句意:她不熟悉这条路。be familiar with是固定短语,意为“对……熟悉”,故填with。32.by【详解】考查介词短语。句意:如今,许多人乘高速列车在中国各地旅行。结合句意可知,此处使用介词短语by means of ,意为“通过,以……方式”。故填by。33.from【详解】考查介词。句意:作为一名学生,我每天都有很多作业。为了完成所有作业,我不得不熬夜。我过去常常和同学抱怨学校的压力。分析句子可知,此空应填from,而this pressure from school表“来自学校的压力”,在本句中作定语成分。故填from。34.from【详解】考查介词。句意:来自不同国家的76名选手肩并肩走过表演区,向全世界人民致意。分析句子结构,主语为“76 participants ____ different countries”,其中,“76 participants”与“different countries”之间的逻辑关系是:76名选手来自于不同国家。介词from表示“来自于”。故填from。35.beyond【详解】考查介词。句意:在他们听说她的感人的故事之后,每个人都被感动得难以言表。空格处在句中充当程度状语,beyond words为固定短语,意为“难以言表”。故填beyond。36.towards/to【详解】考查介词。句意:我们应该以积极的态度对待生活中的失败。根据句意及空前的attitude可知,此处应填介词to/towards,表示“对……的态度”。故填towards或to。37.on【详解】考查介词。句意:无聊的汤姆无法集中注意力听他妈妈在说什么。concentrate on是固定短语,意为“专注于……”。故填on。38.by【详解】考查介词。句意:1999年至2005年间,包装总量增长了12%。短语increase by表示“增长了”。故填by。39.to【详解】考查固定短语。句意:大多数人都不注意他们使用的椅子。分析句子可知,此处为固定短语pay attention to“关注”,满足句意要求。故填to。40.with【详解】考查介词。句意:迈克一定是生我的气了,因为他从我身边走过,连招呼都没打。短语be angry with表示“生气”。故填with。41.on【详解】考查介词。句意:Damián Blasi的研究侧重于人类语音的哪个方面?focus on是固定短语,意为“专注于;关注;聚焦于”,符合句意。故填on。42. On at【详解】考查介词。句意:另一方面,同时年轻和年老也有其吸引力。on the other hand“另一方面”是固定短语;at the same time“同时”是固定短语。句首字母大写,故空1填On;空2填at。43. of to【详解】考查介词。句意:如果你需要延长期限,只需向教授解释情况。in need of固定短语,意为“需要……”;explain sth. to sb. 意为“向某人解释……”。故填of;to。44.with【详解】考查介词。句意:在最近的实验中,凤头鹦鹉被展示给一个盒子,里面有一个坚果。固定搭配present sb with sth“展示给某人某物”。故填with。45.in【详解】考查介词。句意:这种识别形状需要向特定方向转动才能适应的能力被称为“异心参照系”。当表示“在某方向,向某方向”时, direction前面用介词in。故填in。46.on/upon【详解】考查介词。句意:南极洲给我留下了其他地方没有的印象。leave an impression on/upon sb.是固定短语,意为“给某人留下印象”。故填on/upon。47.until/till【详解】考查介词。句意:江苏的限电还迫使关键制造业的工厂减产甚至停产,直到月底。分析句子可知,“the end of the month”是时间状语,结合句意,表示“直到月底”,应用介词until或者till。故填until/till。48.for【详解】考查介词。句意:1844年,他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地,查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知,此处考查固定短语buy sth. for +价格,意为“以……价格买某物”。故填for。49.of/from【详解】考查介词。句意:他不得不每天吃三次药,以摆脱腿部的疼痛。be free from/of“免除……,摆脱……”是固定短语。故填of/from。50.on【详解】考查介词。句意:看完电影后,他们对一些部分发表了意见。分析句子可知,此处考查固定短语make comments on ,意为“对……做出评价”,故空处应用介词on。故填on。
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