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初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版九年级全册Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands.Section A精品习题
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这是一份初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版九年级全册Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands.Section A精品习题，文件包含Unit10课时1SectionA学生版docx、Unit10课时1SectionA教师版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共41页， 欢迎下载使用。
Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands
目标导航
Words
1.custom n. 风俗2.Brazil n. 巴西Brazilian n. 巴西的；巴西人
3.greet v. 和…打招呼;迎接4.Mexico n. 墨西哥Mexican n. 墨西哥的；墨西哥人
5.relaxed adj.放松的;自在的relaxing adj. 令人放松的relax v. 使放松；休息
6.unexpected adj 出乎意料的expectation n. 期待；期望
7.value v.重视;珍视n.价值valuable adj. 贵重的；宝贵的；有用的8.capital n.首都;国都
9.mad adj.很生气;疯的(madder - maddest)madness n. 疯狂，愚蠢的行为
10.passport n.护照11.tie v. 捆绑；系 n. 领带12.blackboard n.黑板13.coast n.海岸;海滨
14.season n.季;季节 15.northern adj.北方的；北部的16.southern adj.南方的；南部的
17.knock v.敲;击n.敲击声;敲击18.worth adj.值得;...价值(的)
19.manner n.方式;方法(pl)礼貌;礼仪
Phrases
1. be supposed to do 应该做…
2. be expected to do 应该做/被期望做…
3. shake hands with 和…握手
4. bow to sb. 向…鞠躬
5. greet sb. in the wrong way 以错误的方式问候某人
6. as soon as…一…就…as soon as possible/ sb can/could 尽可能快
7. hold out （my hand）伸出（我的手）
8. kiss sb. on both sides of one’s faces 亲某人的双颊
9. to my surprise/joy/excitement令某人惊讶、开心、兴奋的是
10. be relaxed about 对…随意、放松
11. in our everyday lives 在我们的日常生活中
12. drop by… 顺便拜访，随便进入drop in (on sb./at sp.)顺便拜访(某人/地)…
13. the capital of clocks and watches 钟表之都
14. at noon 在中午
15. get/be mad at… 对…生气/气愤get/be mad about… 对…着迷
16. make an effort( to do sth.) 努力做某事
17. avoid heavy traffic 避免交通拥挤
18. without calling first 没有事先打电话
19. go abroad出国 abroad and at home 在国内外
20. the northern coast of Norway 挪威的北海岸
21. during the winter season 在冬季
22. knock at/on 敲（门，窗…）
23. take off 脱下，起飞
24. be worth the trouble 值得费事be worth doing 值得做…
25. in social situations 在社交场合
26. wear a shirt and tie 穿西装打领带
27. after all 毕竟
28. clean the chalk off 擦掉粉笔灰
29. It’s no big deal.没什么大不了
Sentences
1. You are supposed to shake hands.你应该握手。
2.In your country, what are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time?在你们国家,你与某人初次见面时,你应该做些什么?
3.I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hand, he bowed.我遇到了一个名叫佐藤的日本男孩,我一伸出手他就鞠躬了。
4.So I just stood there with my hand out. 所以我就伸着手站在那里。
5.Where I’m from, we’re pretty relaxed about time.在我的家乡，我们对时间的要求相当宽松。
6. We value the time we spend with our family …我们珍惜与家人在一起的时间…
7.We often just drop by our friends’ home if we have time. 如果有时间，我们会经常到朋友家拜访。
8. If you’re even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad.如果你迟到15分钟，你的朋友可能会生气。
9. So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends.因此当我去见朋友的时候我努力做到准时。
10. After class, students are supposed to clean the chalk off the blackboard. 下课后，学生们 应该把黑板上的粉笔字擦掉。
11.In many eastern European countries, you are supposed to take off your gloves before shaking hands.在许多东欧国家,握手前你应该先脱下手套。
12. ... but it is helpful to learn as many of these customs as possible. …但是尽可能多地学习这些文化风俗是有帮助的。
13. ... but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture. …但是如果你想了解另一种文化，再麻烦也是值得的。
知识精讲
知识点01 suppose的用法
【课文详解】 You are supposed to shake hands.你应该握手。
【句型剖析】（1）动词suppose意为“猜想、假设”，suppose后接that从句，that可以省略。例如：
I suppose he is not yet twenty. 我猜想他不到二十岁。
（2）be supposed to后面用动词原形，表示“被期望做某事、应该做某事”，相当于情态动词should。
例如：You are supposed to say hello to the foreigners. 你应该跟这些外宾打招呼。
【句型拓展】（1）当句子的主语是人的时候，be supposed to表示“应该做某事、被期望做某事”，经常用来表示劝告、建议、义务和责任等。这里be supposed to相当于情态动词should。例如：
You are supposed to ask our teacher if you want to leave the classroom.
如果你要离开教室，应该先问一问我们的老师。
（2）当句子的主语是物的时候，be supposed to表示“本应该”的意思，经常用来表示某事物本应该发生而没有发生。
The meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we have to put it off.
这个会议本应该在星期二举行，但我们不得不把他推迟了。
（3）短语be supposed to do sth.的否定形式是be not supposed to do sth，表示“命令和禁止”，意为“不应该做某事”。
You are not supposed to talk loudly in class.你不应该在课堂上大声交谈。
（4）be supposed to的后面接have+过去分词，表示“本应该做完的事情而没有做完”。
My mother is supposed to have arrived an hour ago. 我的妈妈应该一个小时前就到了。
【即学即练】—In China, what ________when you meet people for the first time?
—We often shake hands.
A．are you supposed to do B．you suppose to do
C．are you supposed do D．you are supposed to do
【答案】A
【详解】句意：在中国，当你和别人第一次见面时，你应该做什么？——我们经常握手。
考查特殊疑问句。根据“We often shake hands.”可知，问句问的是第一次遇见别人时应该做的事情；be supposed to do sth.“应该做某事”，此处是特殊疑问句，故将be动词提前。故选A。
知识点02 for the first time的用法
【课文详解】In your country, what are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time?在你们国家,你与某人初次见面时,你应该做些什么?
【句型剖析】for the first time意为“第一次(做某事)”,在句中常作时间状语,它修饰的谓语常用现在完成时,也可以用一般过去时。
I have been here for the first time.我是第一次到这里。
I met him for the first time.我第一次见到了他。
【拓展】 for the last time最后一次
【比较】 the first time是名词短语,后接一个分句时,the first time相当于连词,引导时间状语从句,相当于as soon as。如:
This is the first time I've been here.这是我第一次到这儿。
The first time I saw you, I felt I seemed to have met you somewhere before.当我第一次见到你时,我感觉似乎以前在哪里见过你。
【拓展】由time构成的其他短语:
in time及时 on time准时
at times / from time to time有时;偶尔 by the time ..到 时候;到 之前
all the time总是;一直
【即学即练】My car can only hold four persons ________, so I’m afraid the rest two have to take a taxi.
A．from time to time B．on time C．by the time D．at a time
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我的轿车一次只能坐四个人，因此恐怕余下的两个人不得不打的了。
考查短语。from time to time时不时；on time按时；by the time等到；at a time一次。根据“only hold four persons”，可知句子表达“一次只能坐四个人”，用短语“at a time”。故选D。
知识点03 as soon as的用法
【课文详解】I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hand, he bowed.我遇到了一个名叫佐藤的日本男孩,我一伸出手他就鞠躬了。
【句型剖析】as soon as意为“一......就......”常用来引导时间状语从句。当主句是一般过去时的时候,从句也用一般过去时。
【拓展】在含有as soon as引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,若主句是一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词,从句要用一般现在时表将来。
Ill call you as soon as I arrive home.我一到家就会给你打电话。
Please call me as soon as he comes back.他一回来就请给我打电话。
You can watch TV as soon as you finish your homework.
你一完成作业就可以看电视了。
【即学即练】I’ll send you a message ________I get to school.
A．since B．so that C．as soon as D．though
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我一到学校就给你发送信息。
考查状语从句连词的用法。since自从；so that以至于；as soon as一……就……；though虽然。根据I’ll send you a message ____I get to school.可知句意为：我一到学校就给你发送信息。考查as soon as引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，故答案选C。
知识点04 with my hand out的用法
【课文详解】So I just stood there with my hand out. 所以我就伸着手站在那里。
【句型剖析】with my hand out意为“伸出我的手”。“with+名词+副词形容词”是介词with的常见复合结构,在句中作伴随状语。
She was sleeping, with the television on.她睡着了,电视机开着。
【拓展】 with还可用于以下结构:
with+名词+介词(短语)
Jim came back with a letter in his hand.吉姆手里拿着一封信回来了。
with+名词+不定式短语
With so much housework to do, she can't go to the party.
有这么多的家务活要做,她不能去参加聚会。
with+名词+现在分词(短语)
I can't get to sleep with all this noise going on.这么吵,我睡不着。
with+名词+过去分词(短语)
With her homework finished, she went out to play.
完成了家庭作业后,她便出去玩了。
"with+名词短语”,在句中作定语,位于所修饰的名词之后
She is a girl with long hair. 她是个长头发的女孩。
【即学即练】The boy was born ________ the ability to sing.
A．of B．in C．for D．with
【答案】D
【详解】句意：这个男孩天生就有唱歌的能力。
考查介词。of属于……；in在……里；for对于，为了；with带有。根据“the ability to sing”可知，男孩带有唱歌的能力。故选D。
知识点05 value的用法
【课文详解】We value the time we spend with our family …我们珍惜与家人在一起的时间…
【句型剖析】（1）value 作动词，表示“看重，重视”。例如：
If they value these data, let them pay for them.
他们要是看重这些数据，就让他们出钱买。
If you value your health then you’ll start being a little kinder to yourself.
如果你重视自己的健康，你就要开始对自己好一点。
（2）value 作及物动词，表示“评价，估价”。后接名词或代词作宾语，当宾语后接具体价格时，常用介词at。例如：
I valued the bike at 200 yuan. 我估计这辆自行车值200元。
The used car has recently been valued at 3750 pounds.
这辆二手车作价为3750英镑。
【拓展】
（1）value 用作名词，基本意思是“价值，价格”，引申还可表示“用处，益处，重要性”。例如：
Because of continual price increases, the value of the pound has fallen in recent years.
近年来由于物价不断上涨，英镑贬值了。
The value of this work experience should not be underestimated.
这种工作经验的重要性不应该被低估。
（2）value常用于of value to sb. 结构，表示“对某人有……价值”。例如：
Good books are of great value to students. 好书对学生非常有用。
【即学即练】—The four-year life in middle school will be ________ to all of us.
—There are many moving stories ________ in our class.
A．value, to happen B．valuable, happened C．of value, that have happened
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——四年的中学生活对我们所有人都是有价值的。——在我们班发生了许多感人的故事。
考查名词的用法和不及物动词。value“价值”，名词；valuable“有价值的”，形容词。“will be valuable”与“will be of value”意思相同，表示“有价值的”，排除A；happen是不及物动词，没有被动语态，所以不能使用动词过去分词作定语修饰名词moving stories，所以使用that引导的定语从句。故选C。
知识点06 drop by的用法
【课文详解】 We often just drop by our friends’ home if we have time. 如果有时间，我们会经常到朋友家拜访。
【句型剖析】drop by 意为“顺便访问；随便进入”，常用于口语中，多指临时决定，偶尔（顺便）走访、串门。drop by后可接地点或人作宾语，也可不接宾语。
1) You can drop by when you are free. 你有空时可以顺便来玩儿。
2) Don’t forget to drop by your sister’s home. 别忘了顺便去你姐姐家看看。
拓展: drop in 也意为“拜访”，drop in on sb. 意为“拜访某人”，drop in at sp. 意为“拜访某地”。
Yesterday I dropped in on my friend Tom, and tomorrow I’ll drop in at his office.
昨天我拜访了我的朋友汤姆，明天我将去看看他的办公室。
【即学即练】We often drop ________ our friends’ homes after school.
A．for B．with C．by D．of
【答案】C
【详解】句意：放学后我们经常去朋友家玩。A. for为了；B. with 带有，具有；C. by通过……方式；D. of……的。短语drop by one’s home表示顺便去某人家。根据题意，故选C。
知识点07 条件状语从句
【课文详解】 If you’re even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad.如果你迟到15分钟，你的朋友可能会生气。
【句型剖析】这是含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句，if译为“如果”。条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来，要注意if条件句的时态搭配：
（1）if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。例如：
The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。
If the rain doesn’t stop, we will stay here.
如果这场雨不停的话，我们就呆在这儿。
（2）if从句用一般现在时，主句用情态动词。例如：
If you want to lose weight, you should eat less bread.
如果想减肥，你应该少吃面包.
（3）if从句用一般现在时，主句用祈使句。例如：
If you want to get there on time, hurry up!
如果你想准时到达那里，要快一点。
【句型剖析】get mad意为“大动肝火；气愤”，相当于get angry，其中mad用作形容词，意为“生气的，愤怒的”。
Don’t get mad all the time, my dear friend. It will be bad for your health.
不要总是生气，我亲爱的朋友，那将对你的健康不利。
提示: be mad at / with sb. 对某人生气
She’s mad at me for being late. 我迟到了，她非常气愤。
【即学即练】If you kiss a girl in China when you meet her for the first time, she may ________．
A．be happy B．get sad C．get mad D．get excited
【答案】C
【详解】句意：如果你在中国第一次见到一个女孩时吻她，她可能会生气。
A. be happy高兴；B. get sad变得悲伤；C. get mad变得生气；D. get excited感到兴奋。根据常识可知如果在中国第一次见到一个女孩时如果你亲吻她，她会生气，高兴C。
知识点08 make an effort to do sth
【课文详解】So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends.因此当我去见朋友的时候我努力做到准时。
【句型剖析】make an effort to do sth. 意为“努力去做某事”
You should make an effort to learn something new every day. 你应该每天努力去学一点新东西。
【拓展】 与effort相关的常用短语:
make every effort to do sth.努力做某事
spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事
beyond effort力所不能及
in a common effort共同努力
without effort毫不费力地;轻松地
make no effort 不努力
with (an) effort艰难地
【即学即练】China is making ________ to help more developing countries fight against COVID-19.
A．a decision B．a mistake C．an effort
【答案】C
【详解】句意：中国正在努力帮助更多发展中国家抗击新冠肺炎。
考查动词短语。make a decision作决定；make a mistake犯错误；make an effort努力。根据“to help more developing countries fight against COVID-19.”可知，应是努力帮助发展中国家抗击新冠肺炎，故选C。
知识点09 clean ... off的用法
【课文详解】After class, students are supposed to clean the chalk off the blackboard. 下课后，学生们 应该把黑板上的粉笔字擦掉。
【句型剖析】clean ... off 意为“把… 擦掉”
Please clean the drops of water off the mirror. 请把镜子上的水滴擦掉。
拓展: clean up 意为“打扫干净”。
After class, the students cleaned up the classroom. 下课后，学生们清扫了教室。
【即学即练】—What do you usually do on Volunteer Day?
—I usually help ________ the city parks.
A．call up B．clean up C．cheer up
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——在“志愿者日”通常你会干什么？——我通常帮忙打扫城市公园。
考查动词短语辨析。call up给……打电话；clean up打扫；cheer up振作起来。根据此空搭配的宾语“the city parks”可知，应用“打扫”。故选B。
知识点10 take off的用法
【课文详解】In many eastern European countries, you are supposed to take off your gloves before shaking hands.在许多东欧国家,握手前你应该先脱下手套。
【句型剖析】take off在该句中表示“脱下”,其反义短语为put on(穿上)。
It's too cold. You shouldn't take off your coat. Put it on quickly.
太冷了。你不应该脱掉外套。快点穿上。
【拓展】take off还可表示“(飞机等)起飞”,此时其反义短语为land on降落;着陆)。
The plane will take off soon.飞机马上就要起飞了。
【即学即练】—Sir, could you please hurry up? My plane will ________ in an hour.
—I’m sorry, but the traffic is too heavy now.
A．take off B．turn off C．put off D．cut off
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——先生，你能快点吗？我的飞机将在一小时后起飞。——对不起，但是现在交通太拥挤了。
考查动词短语。take off起飞；turn off关掉；put off推迟；cut off切断。根据“Sir, could you please hurry up? My plane will ... in an hour.”可知需要快点赶飞机，因为飞机将要在一小时后起飞。故选A。
知识点11 worth的用法
【课文详解】 but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture. ......但是如果你想了解另一种文化,麻烦一点也值得。
【句型剖析】worth为形容词,意为“值得;有. 价值(的)”,一般作表语，后面通常跟v-ing形式或表示金钱的名词。其用法如下:
①“be worth doing”意为“值得做”,句子的主语一般是do的宾语。
The place is worth visiting.这个地方值得参观。
②“be worth+钱”意为“值多少钱”。
The picture is worth $ 30.这幅画值30美元。
③“be worth+名词”意为“值得
I don't think it's worth our work.我觉得这件事不值得我们付出劳动。
【拓展】worth前面可用well、 really hardly、easily等词修饰,但不可以用very修饰。表示“很值得”时,应说well worth,而不说very worth。
The book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读。
【即学即练】 —Do you know where the last two pictures went?
—A millionaire bought both of them. He thought they ________ the money.
A．were worth B．are worth C．worthed D．worth
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你知道最后两幅画去哪里了？——一位百万富翁把它们两个都买走了。他认为它们值那些钱。
考查时态和worth的用法。worth“值得的”，是形容词，be worth“值得”，主句谓语thought是一般过去时，后面接的宾语从句的谓语用一般过去时，故选A。
能力拓展
考法01 relax的用法
relaxed 形容词，意为“轻松的，舒适的”。 be relaxed about 意为“对……随意；对……感到放松”。
e.g. 1) We’re relaxed about our breakfast. 我们对早餐较随意。
2) I am relaxed after playing the game. 玩过游戏后我很放松。
辨析：relaxed与relaxing
relaxed :“舒适的；放松的”，既可作表语，也可作定语。多用来形容人，表示人本身很放松；
relaxing :“令人放松的”，指物，表示事或物使人感到放松。
【典例】After listening to the soft music, Jill feels ________.
A．relax B．relaxing C．relaxed D．to relax
【答案】C
【详解】句意：听了这首柔和的音乐，吉尔感到很放松。
考查形容词辨析。relax放松，动词原形；relaxing令人放松的；relaxed轻松的；to relax不定式；此处填形容词与feel构成系表结构，所以排除A和D；现在分词（-ing）当表语表主语的性质或特征；过去分词（-ed）当表语表主语所处的状态（情感、情绪）；此处表人的情绪，排除B；故选C。
考法02 wish, hope和expect的辨析
【辨析】wish, hope和expect的辨析
wish
意为＂希望，想要＂，可加to do 作宾语。wish sb.to do sth. 意为
＂希望某人做某事＂。wish后可跟that从句，表＂愿望＂，且从句多用虚拟语气。
I wish you to go with me. 我希望你和我一起去。
hope
意为＂希望，期望＂，不能用hope sb.to do sth.，但可以用hope to do sth.。hope也可跟that从句，表＂希望＂。
I hope to visit Guilin. 我希望去参观桂林。
expect
意为＂期待，期望，盼望＂。强调客观上可能实现的＂期望＂。
The shop expects to make a small profit this year. 这家店铺期望今年能赚点儿钱。
【典例】This is such a ________ movie that I ________ my parents to watch it soon.
A．successfully; hope B．successful; hope C．successfully; expect D．successful; expect
【答案】D
【详解】句意：这是一部如此成功的电影，以致于我期待我父母能尽快去看。
考查形容词作定语和动词辨析。successfully副词，成功地；hope希望；successful形容词，成功的；expect期望。movie是名词，所以第一空使用形容词successful修饰名词；expect sb. to do sth.期望某人干某事；hope to do sth.希望干某事，根据“my parents to watch it soon”可知，第二空使用expect。故选D。
考法03 surprise的用法
to one’s surprise意为＂使/让某人吃惊/惊讶的是＂。其中surprise用作名词，意为＂惊奇；意想不到的事＂。
To our surprise, Liu Wei played the piano by foot so well in China’s Got Talents Show. 令我们惊讶的是，在《中国达人秀》里，刘伟用脚弹钢琴弹得如此之好。
I have a surprise for you. 我要告诉你一件意想不到的事。
【拓展】（1）in surprise惊奇地
Rose looked at her mother in surprise. 罗丝惊奇地看着她母亲。
（2）be surprised at 对……感到吃惊。
We are very surprised at the news. 我们对这个消息感到非常吃惊。
（3）be surprised to do sth. 做某事令人感到惊讶。
I was surprised to see you here. 在这里见到你，我很惊讶。
【典例】__________, he succeeded finally!
A．Surprising B．To he surprise C．To his surprise D．Surprised
【答案】C
【详解】句意：令他惊讶的是，他最后成功了！
本题考查介词短语和形容词。surprising令人惊讶的，修饰事物；to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是，surprised感到惊讶的，描述人的感受。此处修饰整个句子，用介词短语做状语。故选C。
考法04 take的词组
常见的含有take的词组：
take care of照顾 take care当心;小心;注意
take place发生 take photos 照相
take away拿走 take out (of..(从...里)拿出;取出
take after 与......相像 take. ..to ... 把......带到......
take it easy别紧张 take notes记笔记
take turns轮流 take down拿下;取下
take over接管;接任 take part in参加
【典例】It’s warm outside. Why not ________ your coat?
A．take off B．take away C．take up D．take down
【答案】A
【详解】句意：外面很暖和。为什么不脱掉你的外套？
考查动词短语。take off脱掉；take away拿走；take up占据；take down记录下；根据“It’s warm outside.”可知，外面很暖和，因此建议你脱掉外套。故选A。
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
1．（2022·湖北襄阳·中考真题）—I saw your hands shaking when you spoke on the 100th birthday of CYL(共青团).
—As a new member, I felt very _________.
A．surprised B．relaxed C．excited D．interested
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我看到你在共青团100岁生日上讲话时手在颤抖。——作为一名新成员，我感到非常兴奋。
考查形容词辨析。surprised惊讶的；relaxed放松的；excited激动的；interested感兴趣的。根据“I saw your hands shaking”可知因为兴奋而手抖，故选C。
2．（2022·湖北黄石·中考真题）—Why do you want to be a volunteer?
—I guess I ________ my mother. She is always helping others.
A．take down B．take after C．take in D．take off
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你为什么想当志愿者？——我想我很像我妈妈。她总是帮助别人。
考查动词短语辨析。take down记下；take after（长相、举止或性格）像；take in领会；take off起飞。根据“She is always helping others.”可知此处指像妈妈亲一样总帮助别人。故选B。
3．（2022·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）—Do you know Bing Dwen Dwen?
—Yes. It shows the ________ of Olympics, including a strong mind and a healthy body.
A．promise B．spirit C．value D．rule
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你知道冰墩墩吗？——是的。它展示了奥林匹克精神，包括坚强的头脑和健康的身体。
考查名词辨析。promise承诺；spirit精神；value价值；rule规则。根据“including a strong mind and a healthy body.”可知坚强的头脑和健康的身体都是奥林匹克精神，故选B。
4．（2022·江苏南通·中考真题）Mrs. Smith has lived in China for twenty years, so she has ________ Chinese food.
A．looked forward to B．got used to
C．made a difference to D．paid attention to
【答案】B
【详解】句意：史密斯太太在中国住了二十年，所以她已经习惯吃中国菜了。
考查动词短语辨析。look forward to期待；get used to习惯于；make a difference to有影响；pay attention to注意。根据“Mrs. Smith has lived in China for twenty years, so she has... Chinese food.”可知，在中国生活了二十年，习惯了中国菜，故选B。
5．（2022·湖北荆州·中考真题）—I always feel ________ when speaking in front of others.
—Take it easy and be brave.
A．glad B．nervous C．proud D．relaxed
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——在其他人面前讲话的时候我总会感到紧张。——放轻松，勇敢一些。
考查形容词辨析。glad高兴的；nervous紧张的；proud自豪的；relaxed放松的。根据“Take it easy and be brave.”可知，应是感到紧张，所以才会安慰赌坊放轻松。故选B。
6．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）—Tom, turn off the light. Don’t keep it on.
—________.
A．You’d better not B．OK. I will C．Not at all D．You’re welcome
【答案】B
【详解】句意：汤姆，关掉灯。不要让它一直开着。
考查情景交际。You’d better not“你最好不要”；OK. I will“好的。我会的”；Not at all“不客气”；You’re welcome“不客气”。根据“Tom, turn off the light. Don’t keep it on.”可知，题干表示提醒某人要做某事，应用“I will”回复。故选B。
7．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）—Maria, don’t forget to ________ the sports shoes. You have a P.E. class today.
—Thanks, mom. I won’t.
A．get up B．put on C．take off D．cut down
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——玛丽亚，别忘了穿上运动鞋。 你今天有体育课。——谢谢你，妈妈。我不会忘的。
考查动词短语。get up起床；put on穿上；take off脱衣服；cut down砍倒。根据“You have a P.E. class today”可知有体育课，要穿上运动鞋。故选B。
8．（2017·湖北襄阳·中考真题）—Can you tell me when you are going to arrive there?
—I’m not sure. But I’ll ring you up as soon as I ________ there tomorrow.
A．arrive B．arrived C．will arrive D．am going to arrive
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你什么时候到那里吗？——我不确定。但我明天一到那儿就给你打电话。
考查动词时态。as soon as引导的时间状语从句表将来的事时，这时主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在，即：主将从现。本句主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，主语是I，动词用原形。故选A。
9．（2018·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Jenny,it’s cold outside. ________ your coat when you go out.
—OK, dad.
A．Put away B．Put on C．Take off D．Take away
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——珍妮，外面冷。当你出去的时候穿上你的大衣。——好的，爸爸。
考查动词短语。Put away收拾，整理；Put on穿上；Take off脱下；Take away带走。根据“it’s cold outside”可知外面冷，所以外出的时候要穿上大衣。故选B。
10．（2021·广西河池·中考真题）—Bob, please ________ your spelling. You’ve dropped the “d” in the word “knowledge”.
—Oh, yes. I’ll be more careful next time.
A．listen to B．look forward to C．pay attention to D．get used to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——Bob，请注意拼写。你把“knowledge”中的“d”漏掉了。——哦，是的。我下次一定更仔细。
考查动词短语辨析。listen to听；look forward to期待；pay attention to注意；get used to习惯。根据“You’ve dropped the “d” in the word “knowledge””可知，是提醒对方要注意单词的拼写，故选C。
题组B 能力提升练
补全对话
（2022·湖北黄石·中考真题）根据对话内容，从A-G七个选项中选出五个能补全对话的最佳选项（有两项多余）。
Li Hua: Hello, Mr. Xu!
Mr. Xu: Hi, Li Hua. Where have you been?
Li Hua: _____11_____
Mr. Xu: Really? That’s great! Did you talk with Mark and Judy?
Li Hua: Yes, but only a few words. And I am not sure if they understood me.
Mr. Xu: No problem. _____12_____
Li Hua: But I am afraid of making mistakes when I speak.
Mr. Xu: _____13_____ You should believe in yourself.
Li Hua: But do you think they like to talk with us beginners?
Mr. Xu: _____14_____
Li Hua: But I am still very nervous. You know my pronunciation is poor.
Mr. Xu: That’s a bad excuse. Try to talk with them as much as you can.
Li Hua: All right. _____15_____
A．Thanks a lot, Mr. Xu.
B．Yes, unless they are busy.
C．You have made a good start.
D．No, I’m not.
E．Can I help you?
F．I have just come back from English Corner.
G．We all learn from mistakes, don’t we?
【答案】11．F 12．C 13．G 14．B 15．A
【导语】本文是李华和许老师之间的对话，许老师鼓励李华多与Mark和Judy交谈来练习英语。
11．根据“Where have you been?”可知要回答去了哪里，F选项“我刚从英语角回来。”符合语境。故选F。
12．根据“Yes, but only a few words. And I am not sure if they understood me.”可知李华与Mark和Judy在英语角交谈，这是个好的开始，C选项“你已经开了个好头。”符合语境。故选C。
13．根据“But I am afraid of making mistakes when I speak.”可知此处要鼓励李华别怕犯错，G选项“我们都能从错误中学习，不是吗？”符合语境。故选G。
14．根据“But do you think they like to talk with us beginners?”可知用yes或no回答，告知Mark和Judy是否喜欢与初学者谈话，B选项“是的，除非他们很忙。”符合语境。故选B。
15．根据“Try to talk with them as much as you can.”及上文可知要感谢许老师的开导，A选项“非常感谢，许老师。”符合语境。故选A。
（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）
Text 1: Liu Yang, born in October 1978, was chosen as the first Chinese woman astronaut in space in June, 2012. She made history. In June, 2022, she was sent to space again by Shenzhou-14.
Picture A
Text 2：Lhasa is the capital of Tibet. The Potala Palace (布达拉宫) in Lhasa makes Tibet famous all over the world. On the other hand, Tibet is also well-known for its beautiful natural sights. So a lot of visitors go there every year.
Picture B
Text 3: Recently, short video platforms (平台) have offered a fun and easy way to show the traditional art forms, such as paper cutting, shadow play works (皮影戏), Peking Opera. Young users know more about traditional Chinese culture from those videos.
Picture C
Text 4: Hands in the pockets — This is commonly seem in daily life. In Sweden and France, putting your hands in your pockets would be considered impolite in a business meeting, even though you may wear a suit.
Picture D
16．When was Liu Yang sent to space for the second time?A．In 1978. B．In 2012. C．In 2021. D．In 2022.
17．There are ________ reasons why Tibet is well-known according to Text 2.
A．two B．three C．four D．five
18．Which picture shows the traditional art form mentioned in Text 3?
A．Picture A． B．Picture B． C．Picture C． D．Picture D．
19．Where can young people learn about the traditional Chinese art forms easily?
A．In space. B．In the Potala Palace.
C．On short video platforms. D．In Sweden and France.
20．Which one would be considered impolite in a business meeting in Sweden and France?
A．Putting your hands out of your pockets.
B．Shaking hands with business partners.
C．Wearing a suit with pockets.
D．Putting your hands in your pockets.
【答案】16．D 17．A 18．A 19．C 20．D
【导语】本文是四篇文本，分别介绍刘洋，布达拉宫，皮影戏和双手插兜。
16．细节理解题。根据“In June, 2022, she was sent to space again by Shenzhou-14.”可知，2022年6月，她被神舟14号再次送入太空。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据“The Potala Palace in Lhasa makes Tibet famous all over the world. On the other hand, Tibet is also well-known for its beautiful natural sights.”可知，根据文本2，西藏之所以出名，有两个原因。故选A。
18．推理判断题。分析四张图片可知，Picture A展示了文本3中提到的传统艺术形式——皮影戏。故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据“short video platforms have offered a fun and easy way to show the traditional art forms”可知，短视频平台为传统艺术形式的展示提供了一种有趣而简单的方式，故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据“In Sweden and France, putting your hands in your pockets would be considered impolite in a business meeting, even though you may wear a suit.”可知，在瑞典和法国，即使你穿着西装，在商务会议上把手放在口袋里也会被认为是不礼貌的。故选D。
（2022·湖南益阳·中考真题）
In ancient China, willow branches（柳枝）were often used as a gift to friends and family members who would leave. Do you know why willow branches are a symbol of saying goodbye?
One reason is that willow trees are strong. They can live in any soil, wet or dry, north or south. Because of this special feature, when saying goodbye to loved ones, giving a willow branch is a way to tell them you hope they will easily get used to their new living environment.
Another reason is that, in Chinese, the pronunciation for the willow tree “柳” is similar to the character “留”. So giving a willow branch in ancient China was like asking the others to stay, even though you know that they must leave.
It’s said that this custom became popular during the Han Dynasty. At that time, Baqiao, a bridge in Chang’an, today’s Xi’an, was a common place to say goodbye. People often stopped there and handed willow branches to people who were going to depart.
Willow branches, as a symbol of saying goodbye, were often mentioned in poems, especially at the time of the Tang and Song dynasties.
21．Who were willow branches often used as a gift to in ancient China?
A．One’s parents who would stay.
B．One’s friends and family members who would leave.
C．One’s love who would come back after being away for a long time.
22．According to the passage, the willow trees can live in any soil because they are ________.
A．magic B．beautiful C．strong
23．Giving a willow branch in ancient China was like ________.
A．asking the others to stay B．asking the others for help C．wishing the others to leave
24．The underlined word “depart” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________” in Chinese.
A．返回 B．离开 C．相遇
25．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．A kind of strong tree—Willow trees
B．A common place to say goodbye—Baqiao
C．A symbol of saying goodbye—Willow branches
【答案】21．B 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了柳枝在古代的含义。
21．细节理解题。根据“In ancient China, willow branches（柳枝）were often used as a gift to friends and family members who would leave.”可知在中国古代，柳枝经常被用来作为礼物送给即将离开的朋友和家人。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“One reason is that willow trees are strong.”可知一个原因是柳树很结实。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据“So giving a willow branch in ancient China was like asking the others to stay”可知在中国古代，送一根柳枝就像请别人留下一样。故选A。
24．词义猜测题。根据“People often stopped there and handed willow branches to people who were going to depart.”可知人们经常在那里停下来，把柳枝递给即将离开的人。由此可知depart指的是“离开”。故选B。
25．最佳标题题。根据“Do you know why willow branches are a symbol of saying goodbye?”可知文章主要介绍了柳枝表示再见的含义。故选C。
题组C 培优拔尖练
（2022·四川雅安·中考真题）There are many festivals around the world. Dads have Father’s Day. Mums have Mother’s Day. But do our grandparents have a ____26____? Yes, they do.
The Double Ninth Festival is a ____27____ day for old people in China. The festival is on lunar September 9th. On this day, people show ____28____ and respect (尊敬)for their grandparents.
Respecting old people is a tradition in China. There are many ways for Chinese people to ___29___ their respect. When an old person enters a room, everyone should stand up. Also, people are introduced from the ____30____ to the youngest. When we give something to an old person, two hands are used. The old usually don’t have to buy tickets for buses and young people always ___31___ their seats to old people on a crowded subway or bus.
However, in western countries, old people have ____32____ lifestyles from those in China. They don’t often live with their children—they live ____33____. They don’t want to get help from others. They even don’t want to be offered seats by others.
Westerners ____34____ respect old people. For holidays, families usually ____35____ at the grand-parents’ homes. A great smile and a warm hug are enough for grown children to show their respect.
26．A．house B．festival C．partner D．relative
27．A．boring B．simple C．special D．surprising
28．A．love B．interest C．hope D．invitation
29．A．stop B．express C．find D．refuse
30．A．richest B．tallest C．oldest D．strongest
31．A．offer B．lend C．sell D．take
32．A．usual B．strange C．same D．different
33．A．wisely B．easily C．alone D．sadly
34．A．still B．even C．only D．just
35．A．grow up B．get off C．make up D．get together
【答案】26．B 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．C 31．A 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了中西方尊重老人的不同方式。
26．句意：但是我们的祖父母有节日吗？
house房子；festival节日；partner伙伴；relative亲戚。根据“There are many festivals around the world”可知，询问祖父母有没有对应的节日，故选B。
27．句意：重阳节是中国老年人的一个特殊节日。
boring无聊的；simple简单的；special特别的；surprising令人惊讶的。根据“The Double Ninth Festival is a … day for old people in China”可知，重阳节是一个针对老年人的特别节日，故选C。
28．句意：在这一天，人们表达对祖父母的爱和尊敬。
love喜爱；interest兴趣；hope希望；invitation邀请。根据“On this day, people show…and respect (尊敬) for their grandparents.”可知，重阳节是对祖父母表达爱和尊敬的节日，故选A。
29．句意：中国人表达敬意的方式有很多。
stop停止；express表达；find找到；refuse重复使用。根据“show … and respect(尊敬) for their grandparents”可知，此处指表达尊敬有很多方法，故选B。
30．句意：此外，人们是由年长的介绍给年幼的。
richest最富有的；tallest最高的；oldest最老的；strongest最强壮的。根据“people are introduced from the … to the youngest”可知，为了表达尊敬，是从年长的开始介绍，故选C。
31．句意：在拥挤的地铁或公共汽车上，老人通常不用买票，年轻人总是给老人让座。
offer提供；lend借出；sell售卖；take带走。根据下文“They even don’t want to be offered seats by others.”可知，此处指给老人让座，offer a seat“让座”，故选A。
32．句意：然而，在西方国家，老年人的生活方式与中国的老年人不同。
usual普通的；strange奇怪的；same相同的；different不同的。根据“They don’t often live with their children…”可知，西方老年人的生活与中国的不同，故选D。
33．句意：他们不经常和孩子住在一起——他们独自生活。
wisely明智地；easily容易地；alone独自；sadly难过地。根据“They don’t often live with their children”可知，老年人独自生活，故选C。
34．句意：西方人仍然尊重老人。
still仍然；even甚至；only只有；just仅仅。根据“For holidays, families usually…at the grand-parents’ homes”可知，西方人仍然尊重老人，故选A。
35．句意：在假期，家人通常会在祖父母的家里聚会。
grow up成长；get off下车；make up编造；get together聚集。根据“families usually…at the grand-parents’ homes”可知，家人通常会聚在一起，故选D。
（2022·湖南长沙·中考真题）I went to Beijing to study Chinese last year. I was ____36____ about all the chances to better my language skills, walk on the Great Wall, and most of all, eat real Chinese food! I ____37____ remember my first jianbing, jiaozi and Peking duck. Each of them was amazing in its own way.
I knew that real Chinese food would be different from the Chinese food I had eaten in the USA．I couldn’t wait to try all the ____38____ dishes that came up in my research about Chinese food. One of my favorites turned out to be hotpot（火锅）.
My first-ever hotpot experience in Old Beijing was ____39____. As a first-timer, I was moved by the waiters’____40____ and their warmth of welcome. They tried their best to introduce all of the oils and spices（调味香料）to me.
Looking around, I found that everyone had their own favorite sauce combinations（酱料组合）, ingredients and styles（食材和风格）. Some would carefully ____41____ their ingredients into the hotpot one after another. Others would impatiently put whole plates into the bubbling（冒泡的）oil. You can learn a lot from the ____42____ people eat hotpot.
When I went back to the USA, I ____43____ to prepare a hotpot meal for my family. It allowed me to not only share the culture that I had learned about, but also offer others a chance to ____44____ China like I had. It’s amazing that ____45____ could bring so much to life!
36．A．sorry B．excited C．tired
37．A．still B．never C．hardly
38．A．heart-breaking B．mouth-watering C．time-saving
39．A．unforgettable B．unpleasant C．unlucky
40．A．coldness B．laziness C．friendliness
41．A．play B．put C．wash
42．A．way B．tool C．price
43．A．hated B．refused C．decided
44．A．help B．build C．experience
45．A．jiaozi B．hotpot C．Peking duck
【答案】
36．B 37．A 38．B 39．A 40．C 41．B 42．A 43．C 44．C 45．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在中国吃火锅的经历。
36．句意：我很高兴有机会提高我的语言技能。
sorry遗憾的；excited兴奋的；tired疲惫的。根据“about all the chances to better my language skills,”以及全文可知，作者是喜欢中国的，此处需填入一个褒义词，B选项“excited”符合语境。be excited about“对……感到兴奋”。故选B。
37．句意：我还记得我的第一个煎饼、饺子和北京烤鸭。
still仍然；never从不；hardly几乎不。根据“Each of them was amazing in its own way.”可知，作者仍然记得煎饼、饺子和北京烤鸭。故选A。
38．句意：我迫不及待地想尝尝我研究中餐时发现的所有令人垂涎的菜肴。
heart-breaking令人心碎的；mouth-watering令人垂涎的；time-saving节省时间的。根据“One of my favorites turned out to be hotpot”可知，此处是指令人垂涎的菜肴。故选B。
39．句意：我在老北京的第一次火锅体验令人难忘。
unforgettable难忘的；unpleasant不愉快的；unlucky不幸运的。根据“As a first-timer, I was moved by the waiters’...They tried their best to introduce all of the oils and spices to me.”可知，作者觉得第一次火锅体验是难忘的。故选A。
40．句意：作为第一次来，我被服务员的友善和热情的欢迎所感动。
coldness冷漠；laziness懒惰；friendliness友好。根据“and their warmth of welcome.”可知，此处需填入一个词与“warmth”并列，C选项“friendliness”符合语境，意为“友好”。故选C。
41．句意：有些人会小心翼翼地将他们的食材一个接一个地放入火锅中。
play玩；put放置；wash洗。根据“their ingredients into the hotpot”和常识可知，是把食材放进火锅。固定短语put...into...“把……放进……”。故选B。
42．句意：你可以从人们吃火锅的方式中学到很多东西。
way方式；tool工具；price价格。根据“Some would carefully...their ingredients into the hotpot one after another. Others would impatiently put whole plates into the bubbling（冒泡的）oil.”可知，此处是指吃火锅的方式。故选A。
43．句意：回美国后，我决定为家人准备一顿火锅。
hated讨厌；refused拒绝；decided决定。根据“to prepare a hotpot meal for my family.”可知，此处是指准备了一顿火锅。固定短语decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故选C。
44．句意：它让我不仅可以分享我所了解的文化，还可以让其他人有机会像我一样体验中国。
help帮助；build建筑；experience经历。根据“My first-ever hotpot experience in Old Beijing was”以及“but also offer others a chance to...China like I had.”可知，此处是指体验中国的文化。故选C。
45．句意：火锅能给生活带来如此多的东西真是太神奇了！
jiaozi饺子；hotpot火锅；Peking duck北京烤鸭。根据“prepare a hotpot meal for my family.”可知，此处是强调火锅能给生活带来很多东西。故选B。
Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands
目标导航
Words
1.custom n. 风俗2.Brazil n. 巴西Brazilian n. 巴西的；巴西人
3.greet v. 和…打招呼;迎接4.Mexico n. 墨西哥Mexican n. 墨西哥的；墨西哥人
5.relaxed adj.放松的;自在的relaxing adj. 令人放松的relax v. 使放松；休息
6.unexpected adj 出乎意料的expectation n. 期待；期望
7.value v.重视;珍视n.价值valuable adj. 贵重的；宝贵的；有用的8.capital n.首都;国都
9.mad adj.很生气;疯的(madder - maddest)madness n. 疯狂，愚蠢的行为
10.passport n.护照11.tie v. 捆绑；系 n. 领带12.blackboard n.黑板13.coast n.海岸;海滨
14.season n.季;季节 15.northern adj.北方的；北部的16.southern adj.南方的；南部的
17.knock v.敲;击n.敲击声;敲击18.worth adj.值得;...价值(的)
19.manner n.方式;方法(pl)礼貌;礼仪
Phrases
1. be supposed to do 应该做…
2. be expected to do 应该做/被期望做…
3. shake hands with 和…握手
4. bow to sb. 向…鞠躬
5. greet sb. in the wrong way 以错误的方式问候某人
6. as soon as…一…就…as soon as possible/ sb can/could 尽可能快
7. hold out （my hand）伸出（我的手）
8. kiss sb. on both sides of one’s faces 亲某人的双颊
9. to my surprise/joy/excitement令某人惊讶、开心、兴奋的是
10. be relaxed about 对…随意、放松
11. in our everyday lives 在我们的日常生活中
12. drop by… 顺便拜访，随便进入drop in (on sb./at sp.)顺便拜访(某人/地)…
13. the capital of clocks and watches 钟表之都
14. at noon 在中午
15. get/be mad at… 对…生气/气愤get/be mad about… 对…着迷
16. make an effort( to do sth.) 努力做某事
17. avoid heavy traffic 避免交通拥挤
18. without calling first 没有事先打电话
19. go abroad出国 abroad and at home 在国内外
20. the northern coast of Norway 挪威的北海岸
21. during the winter season 在冬季
22. knock at/on 敲（门，窗…）
23. take off 脱下，起飞
24. be worth the trouble 值得费事be worth doing 值得做…
25. in social situations 在社交场合
26. wear a shirt and tie 穿西装打领带
27. after all 毕竟
28. clean the chalk off 擦掉粉笔灰
29. It’s no big deal.没什么大不了
Sentences
1. You are supposed to shake hands.你应该握手。
2.In your country, what are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time?在你们国家,你与某人初次见面时,你应该做些什么?
3.I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hand, he bowed.我遇到了一个名叫佐藤的日本男孩,我一伸出手他就鞠躬了。
4.So I just stood there with my hand out. 所以我就伸着手站在那里。
5.Where I’m from, we’re pretty relaxed about time.在我的家乡，我们对时间的要求相当宽松。
6. We value the time we spend with our family …我们珍惜与家人在一起的时间…
7.We often just drop by our friends’ home if we have time. 如果有时间，我们会经常到朋友家拜访。
8. If you’re even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad.如果你迟到15分钟，你的朋友可能会生气。
9. So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends.因此当我去见朋友的时候我努力做到准时。
10. After class, students are supposed to clean the chalk off the blackboard. 下课后，学生们 应该把黑板上的粉笔字擦掉。
11.In many eastern European countries, you are supposed to take off your gloves before shaking hands.在许多东欧国家,握手前你应该先脱下手套。
12. ... but it is helpful to learn as many of these customs as possible. …但是尽可能多地学习这些文化风俗是有帮助的。
13. ... but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture. …但是如果你想了解另一种文化，再麻烦也是值得的。
知识精讲
知识点01 suppose的用法
【课文详解】 You are supposed to shake hands.你应该握手。
【句型剖析】（1）动词suppose意为“猜想、假设”，suppose后接that从句，that可以省略。例如：
I suppose he is not yet twenty. 我猜想他不到二十岁。
（2）be supposed to后面用动词原形，表示“被期望做某事、应该做某事”，相当于情态动词should。
例如：You are supposed to say hello to the foreigners. 你应该跟这些外宾打招呼。
【句型拓展】（1）当句子的主语是人的时候，be supposed to表示“应该做某事、被期望做某事”，经常用来表示劝告、建议、义务和责任等。这里be supposed to相当于情态动词should。例如：
You are supposed to ask our teacher if you want to leave the classroom.
如果你要离开教室，应该先问一问我们的老师。
（2）当句子的主语是物的时候，be supposed to表示“本应该”的意思，经常用来表示某事物本应该发生而没有发生。
The meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we have to put it off.
这个会议本应该在星期二举行，但我们不得不把他推迟了。
（3）短语be supposed to do sth.的否定形式是be not supposed to do sth，表示“命令和禁止”，意为“不应该做某事”。
You are not supposed to talk loudly in class.你不应该在课堂上大声交谈。
（4）be supposed to的后面接have+过去分词，表示“本应该做完的事情而没有做完”。
My mother is supposed to have arrived an hour ago. 我的妈妈应该一个小时前就到了。
【即学即练】—In China, what ________when you meet people for the first time?
—We often shake hands.
A．are you supposed to do B．you suppose to do
C．are you supposed do D．you are supposed to do
【答案】A
【详解】句意：在中国，当你和别人第一次见面时，你应该做什么？——我们经常握手。
考查特殊疑问句。根据“We often shake hands.”可知，问句问的是第一次遇见别人时应该做的事情；be supposed to do sth.“应该做某事”，此处是特殊疑问句，故将be动词提前。故选A。
知识点02 for the first time的用法
【课文详解】In your country, what are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time?在你们国家,你与某人初次见面时,你应该做些什么?
【句型剖析】for the first time意为“第一次(做某事)”,在句中常作时间状语,它修饰的谓语常用现在完成时,也可以用一般过去时。
I have been here for the first time.我是第一次到这里。
I met him for the first time.我第一次见到了他。
【拓展】 for the last time最后一次
【比较】 the first time是名词短语,后接一个分句时,the first time相当于连词,引导时间状语从句,相当于as soon as。如:
This is the first time I've been here.这是我第一次到这儿。
The first time I saw you, I felt I seemed to have met you somewhere before.当我第一次见到你时,我感觉似乎以前在哪里见过你。
【拓展】由time构成的其他短语:
in time及时 on time准时
at times / from time to time有时;偶尔 by the time ..到 时候;到 之前
all the time总是;一直
【即学即练】My car can only hold four persons ________, so I’m afraid the rest two have to take a taxi.
A．from time to time B．on time C．by the time D．at a time
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我的轿车一次只能坐四个人，因此恐怕余下的两个人不得不打的了。
考查短语。from time to time时不时；on time按时；by the time等到；at a time一次。根据“only hold four persons”，可知句子表达“一次只能坐四个人”，用短语“at a time”。故选D。
知识点03 as soon as的用法
【课文详解】I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hand, he bowed.我遇到了一个名叫佐藤的日本男孩,我一伸出手他就鞠躬了。
【句型剖析】as soon as意为“一......就......”常用来引导时间状语从句。当主句是一般过去时的时候,从句也用一般过去时。
【拓展】在含有as soon as引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,若主句是一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词,从句要用一般现在时表将来。
Ill call you as soon as I arrive home.我一到家就会给你打电话。
Please call me as soon as he comes back.他一回来就请给我打电话。
You can watch TV as soon as you finish your homework.
你一完成作业就可以看电视了。
【即学即练】I’ll send you a message ________I get to school.
A．since B．so that C．as soon as D．though
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我一到学校就给你发送信息。
考查状语从句连词的用法。since自从；so that以至于；as soon as一……就……；though虽然。根据I’ll send you a message ____I get to school.可知句意为：我一到学校就给你发送信息。考查as soon as引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，故答案选C。
知识点04 with my hand out的用法
【课文详解】So I just stood there with my hand out. 所以我就伸着手站在那里。
【句型剖析】with my hand out意为“伸出我的手”。“with+名词+副词形容词”是介词with的常见复合结构,在句中作伴随状语。
She was sleeping, with the television on.她睡着了,电视机开着。
【拓展】 with还可用于以下结构:
with+名词+介词(短语)
Jim came back with a letter in his hand.吉姆手里拿着一封信回来了。
with+名词+不定式短语
With so much housework to do, she can't go to the party.
有这么多的家务活要做,她不能去参加聚会。
with+名词+现在分词(短语)
I can't get to sleep with all this noise going on.这么吵,我睡不着。
with+名词+过去分词(短语)
With her homework finished, she went out to play.
完成了家庭作业后,她便出去玩了。
"with+名词短语”,在句中作定语,位于所修饰的名词之后
She is a girl with long hair. 她是个长头发的女孩。
【即学即练】The boy was born ________ the ability to sing.
A．of B．in C．for D．with
【答案】D
【详解】句意：这个男孩天生就有唱歌的能力。
考查介词。of属于……；in在……里；for对于，为了；with带有。根据“the ability to sing”可知，男孩带有唱歌的能力。故选D。
知识点05 value的用法
【课文详解】We value the time we spend with our family …我们珍惜与家人在一起的时间…
【句型剖析】（1）value 作动词，表示“看重，重视”。例如：
If they value these data, let them pay for them.
他们要是看重这些数据，就让他们出钱买。
If you value your health then you’ll start being a little kinder to yourself.
如果你重视自己的健康，你就要开始对自己好一点。
（2）value 作及物动词，表示“评价，估价”。后接名词或代词作宾语，当宾语后接具体价格时，常用介词at。例如：
I valued the bike at 200 yuan. 我估计这辆自行车值200元。
The used car has recently been valued at 3750 pounds.
这辆二手车作价为3750英镑。
【拓展】
（1）value 用作名词，基本意思是“价值，价格”，引申还可表示“用处，益处，重要性”。例如：
Because of continual price increases, the value of the pound has fallen in recent years.
近年来由于物价不断上涨，英镑贬值了。
The value of this work experience should not be underestimated.
这种工作经验的重要性不应该被低估。
（2）value常用于of value to sb. 结构，表示“对某人有……价值”。例如：
Good books are of great value to students. 好书对学生非常有用。
【即学即练】—The four-year life in middle school will be ________ to all of us.
—There are many moving stories ________ in our class.
A．value, to happen B．valuable, happened C．of value, that have happened
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——四年的中学生活对我们所有人都是有价值的。——在我们班发生了许多感人的故事。
考查名词的用法和不及物动词。value“价值”，名词；valuable“有价值的”，形容词。“will be valuable”与“will be of value”意思相同，表示“有价值的”，排除A；happen是不及物动词，没有被动语态，所以不能使用动词过去分词作定语修饰名词moving stories，所以使用that引导的定语从句。故选C。
知识点06 drop by的用法
【课文详解】 We often just drop by our friends’ home if we have time. 如果有时间，我们会经常到朋友家拜访。
【句型剖析】drop by 意为“顺便访问；随便进入”，常用于口语中，多指临时决定，偶尔（顺便）走访、串门。drop by后可接地点或人作宾语，也可不接宾语。
1) You can drop by when you are free. 你有空时可以顺便来玩儿。
2) Don’t forget to drop by your sister’s home. 别忘了顺便去你姐姐家看看。
拓展: drop in 也意为“拜访”，drop in on sb. 意为“拜访某人”，drop in at sp. 意为“拜访某地”。
Yesterday I dropped in on my friend Tom, and tomorrow I’ll drop in at his office.
昨天我拜访了我的朋友汤姆，明天我将去看看他的办公室。
【即学即练】We often drop ________ our friends’ homes after school.
A．for B．with C．by D．of
【答案】C
【详解】句意：放学后我们经常去朋友家玩。A. for为了；B. with 带有，具有；C. by通过……方式；D. of……的。短语drop by one’s home表示顺便去某人家。根据题意，故选C。
知识点07 条件状语从句
【课文详解】 If you’re even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad.如果你迟到15分钟，你的朋友可能会生气。
【句型剖析】这是含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句，if译为“如果”。条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来，要注意if条件句的时态搭配：
（1）if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。例如：
The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。
If the rain doesn’t stop, we will stay here.
如果这场雨不停的话，我们就呆在这儿。
（2）if从句用一般现在时，主句用情态动词。例如：
If you want to lose weight, you should eat less bread.
如果想减肥，你应该少吃面包.
（3）if从句用一般现在时，主句用祈使句。例如：
If you want to get there on time, hurry up!
如果你想准时到达那里，要快一点。
【句型剖析】get mad意为“大动肝火；气愤”，相当于get angry，其中mad用作形容词，意为“生气的，愤怒的”。
Don’t get mad all the time, my dear friend. It will be bad for your health.
不要总是生气，我亲爱的朋友，那将对你的健康不利。
提示: be mad at / with sb. 对某人生气
She’s mad at me for being late. 我迟到了，她非常气愤。
【即学即练】If you kiss a girl in China when you meet her for the first time, she may ________．
A．be happy B．get sad C．get mad D．get excited
【答案】C
【详解】句意：如果你在中国第一次见到一个女孩时吻她，她可能会生气。
A. be happy高兴；B. get sad变得悲伤；C. get mad变得生气；D. get excited感到兴奋。根据常识可知如果在中国第一次见到一个女孩时如果你亲吻她，她会生气，高兴C。
知识点08 make an effort to do sth
【课文详解】So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends.因此当我去见朋友的时候我努力做到准时。
【句型剖析】make an effort to do sth. 意为“努力去做某事”
You should make an effort to learn something new every day. 你应该每天努力去学一点新东西。
【拓展】 与effort相关的常用短语:
make every effort to do sth.努力做某事
spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事
beyond effort力所不能及
in a common effort共同努力
without effort毫不费力地;轻松地
make no effort 不努力
with (an) effort艰难地
【即学即练】China is making ________ to help more developing countries fight against COVID-19.
A．a decision B．a mistake C．an effort
【答案】C
【详解】句意：中国正在努力帮助更多发展中国家抗击新冠肺炎。
考查动词短语。make a decision作决定；make a mistake犯错误；make an effort努力。根据“to help more developing countries fight against COVID-19.”可知，应是努力帮助发展中国家抗击新冠肺炎，故选C。
知识点09 clean ... off的用法
【课文详解】After class, students are supposed to clean the chalk off the blackboard. 下课后，学生们 应该把黑板上的粉笔字擦掉。
【句型剖析】clean ... off 意为“把… 擦掉”
Please clean the drops of water off the mirror. 请把镜子上的水滴擦掉。
拓展: clean up 意为“打扫干净”。
After class, the students cleaned up the classroom. 下课后，学生们清扫了教室。
【即学即练】—What do you usually do on Volunteer Day?
—I usually help ________ the city parks.
A．call up B．clean up C．cheer up
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——在“志愿者日”通常你会干什么？——我通常帮忙打扫城市公园。
考查动词短语辨析。call up给……打电话；clean up打扫；cheer up振作起来。根据此空搭配的宾语“the city parks”可知，应用“打扫”。故选B。
知识点10 take off的用法
【课文详解】In many eastern European countries, you are supposed to take off your gloves before shaking hands.在许多东欧国家,握手前你应该先脱下手套。
【句型剖析】take off在该句中表示“脱下”,其反义短语为put on(穿上)。
It's too cold. You shouldn't take off your coat. Put it on quickly.
太冷了。你不应该脱掉外套。快点穿上。
【拓展】take off还可表示“(飞机等)起飞”,此时其反义短语为land on降落;着陆)。
The plane will take off soon.飞机马上就要起飞了。
【即学即练】—Sir, could you please hurry up? My plane will ________ in an hour.
—I’m sorry, but the traffic is too heavy now.
A．take off B．turn off C．put off D．cut off
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——先生，你能快点吗？我的飞机将在一小时后起飞。——对不起，但是现在交通太拥挤了。
考查动词短语。take off起飞；turn off关掉；put off推迟；cut off切断。根据“Sir, could you please hurry up? My plane will ... in an hour.”可知需要快点赶飞机，因为飞机将要在一小时后起飞。故选A。
知识点11 worth的用法
【课文详解】 but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture. ......但是如果你想了解另一种文化,麻烦一点也值得。
【句型剖析】worth为形容词,意为“值得;有. 价值(的)”,一般作表语，后面通常跟v-ing形式或表示金钱的名词。其用法如下:
①“be worth doing”意为“值得做”,句子的主语一般是do的宾语。
The place is worth visiting.这个地方值得参观。
②“be worth+钱”意为“值多少钱”。
The picture is worth $ 30.这幅画值30美元。
③“be worth+名词”意为“值得
I don't think it's worth our work.我觉得这件事不值得我们付出劳动。
【拓展】worth前面可用well、 really hardly、easily等词修饰,但不可以用very修饰。表示“很值得”时,应说well worth,而不说very worth。
The book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读。
【即学即练】 —Do you know where the last two pictures went?
—A millionaire bought both of them. He thought they ________ the money.
A．were worth B．are worth C．worthed D．worth
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你知道最后两幅画去哪里了？——一位百万富翁把它们两个都买走了。他认为它们值那些钱。
考查时态和worth的用法。worth“值得的”，是形容词，be worth“值得”，主句谓语thought是一般过去时，后面接的宾语从句的谓语用一般过去时，故选A。
能力拓展
考法01 relax的用法
relaxed 形容词，意为“轻松的，舒适的”。 be relaxed about 意为“对……随意；对……感到放松”。
e.g. 1) We’re relaxed about our breakfast. 我们对早餐较随意。
2) I am relaxed after playing the game. 玩过游戏后我很放松。
辨析：relaxed与relaxing
relaxed :“舒适的；放松的”，既可作表语，也可作定语。多用来形容人，表示人本身很放松；
relaxing :“令人放松的”，指物，表示事或物使人感到放松。
【典例】After listening to the soft music, Jill feels ________.
A．relax B．relaxing C．relaxed D．to relax
【答案】C
【详解】句意：听了这首柔和的音乐，吉尔感到很放松。
考查形容词辨析。relax放松，动词原形；relaxing令人放松的；relaxed轻松的；to relax不定式；此处填形容词与feel构成系表结构，所以排除A和D；现在分词（-ing）当表语表主语的性质或特征；过去分词（-ed）当表语表主语所处的状态（情感、情绪）；此处表人的情绪，排除B；故选C。
考法02 wish, hope和expect的辨析
【辨析】wish, hope和expect的辨析
wish
意为＂希望，想要＂，可加to do 作宾语。wish sb.to do sth. 意为
＂希望某人做某事＂。wish后可跟that从句，表＂愿望＂，且从句多用虚拟语气。
I wish you to go with me. 我希望你和我一起去。
hope
意为＂希望，期望＂，不能用hope sb.to do sth.，但可以用hope to do sth.。hope也可跟that从句，表＂希望＂。
I hope to visit Guilin. 我希望去参观桂林。
expect
意为＂期待，期望，盼望＂。强调客观上可能实现的＂期望＂。
The shop expects to make a small profit this year. 这家店铺期望今年能赚点儿钱。
【典例】This is such a ________ movie that I ________ my parents to watch it soon.
A．successfully; hope B．successful; hope C．successfully; expect D．successful; expect
【答案】D
【详解】句意：这是一部如此成功的电影，以致于我期待我父母能尽快去看。
考查形容词作定语和动词辨析。successfully副词，成功地；hope希望；successful形容词，成功的；expect期望。movie是名词，所以第一空使用形容词successful修饰名词；expect sb. to do sth.期望某人干某事；hope to do sth.希望干某事，根据“my parents to watch it soon”可知，第二空使用expect。故选D。
考法03 surprise的用法
to one’s surprise意为＂使/让某人吃惊/惊讶的是＂。其中surprise用作名词，意为＂惊奇；意想不到的事＂。
To our surprise, Liu Wei played the piano by foot so well in China’s Got Talents Show. 令我们惊讶的是，在《中国达人秀》里，刘伟用脚弹钢琴弹得如此之好。
I have a surprise for you. 我要告诉你一件意想不到的事。
【拓展】（1）in surprise惊奇地
Rose looked at her mother in surprise. 罗丝惊奇地看着她母亲。
（2）be surprised at 对……感到吃惊。
We are very surprised at the news. 我们对这个消息感到非常吃惊。
（3）be surprised to do sth. 做某事令人感到惊讶。
I was surprised to see you here. 在这里见到你，我很惊讶。
【典例】__________, he succeeded finally!
A．Surprising B．To he surprise C．To his surprise D．Surprised
【答案】C
【详解】句意：令他惊讶的是，他最后成功了！
本题考查介词短语和形容词。surprising令人惊讶的，修饰事物；to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是，surprised感到惊讶的，描述人的感受。此处修饰整个句子，用介词短语做状语。故选C。
考法04 take的词组
常见的含有take的词组：
take care of照顾 take care当心;小心;注意
take place发生 take photos 照相
take away拿走 take out (of..(从...里)拿出;取出
take after 与......相像 take. ..to ... 把......带到......
take it easy别紧张 take notes记笔记
take turns轮流 take down拿下;取下
take over接管;接任 take part in参加
【典例】It’s warm outside. Why not ________ your coat?
A．take off B．take away C．take up D．take down
【答案】A
【详解】句意：外面很暖和。为什么不脱掉你的外套？
考查动词短语。take off脱掉；take away拿走；take up占据；take down记录下；根据“It’s warm outside.”可知，外面很暖和，因此建议你脱掉外套。故选A。
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
1．（2022·湖北襄阳·中考真题）—I saw your hands shaking when you spoke on the 100th birthday of CYL(共青团).
—As a new member, I felt very _________.
A．surprised B．relaxed C．excited D．interested
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我看到你在共青团100岁生日上讲话时手在颤抖。——作为一名新成员，我感到非常兴奋。
考查形容词辨析。surprised惊讶的；relaxed放松的；excited激动的；interested感兴趣的。根据“I saw your hands shaking”可知因为兴奋而手抖，故选C。
2．（2022·湖北黄石·中考真题）—Why do you want to be a volunteer?
—I guess I ________ my mother. She is always helping others.
A．take down B．take after C．take in D．take off
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你为什么想当志愿者？——我想我很像我妈妈。她总是帮助别人。
考查动词短语辨析。take down记下；take after（长相、举止或性格）像；take in领会；take off起飞。根据“She is always helping others.”可知此处指像妈妈亲一样总帮助别人。故选B。
3．（2022·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）—Do you know Bing Dwen Dwen?
—Yes. It shows the ________ of Olympics, including a strong mind and a healthy body.
A．promise B．spirit C．value D．rule
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你知道冰墩墩吗？——是的。它展示了奥林匹克精神，包括坚强的头脑和健康的身体。
考查名词辨析。promise承诺；spirit精神；value价值；rule规则。根据“including a strong mind and a healthy body.”可知坚强的头脑和健康的身体都是奥林匹克精神，故选B。
4．（2022·江苏南通·中考真题）Mrs. Smith has lived in China for twenty years, so she has ________ Chinese food.
A．looked forward to B．got used to
C．made a difference to D．paid attention to
【答案】B
【详解】句意：史密斯太太在中国住了二十年，所以她已经习惯吃中国菜了。
考查动词短语辨析。look forward to期待；get used to习惯于；make a difference to有影响；pay attention to注意。根据“Mrs. Smith has lived in China for twenty years, so she has... Chinese food.”可知，在中国生活了二十年，习惯了中国菜，故选B。
5．（2022·湖北荆州·中考真题）—I always feel ________ when speaking in front of others.
—Take it easy and be brave.
A．glad B．nervous C．proud D．relaxed
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——在其他人面前讲话的时候我总会感到紧张。——放轻松，勇敢一些。
考查形容词辨析。glad高兴的；nervous紧张的；proud自豪的；relaxed放松的。根据“Take it easy and be brave.”可知，应是感到紧张，所以才会安慰赌坊放轻松。故选B。
6．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）—Tom, turn off the light. Don’t keep it on.
—________.
A．You’d better not B．OK. I will C．Not at all D．You’re welcome
【答案】B
【详解】句意：汤姆，关掉灯。不要让它一直开着。
考查情景交际。You’d better not“你最好不要”；OK. I will“好的。我会的”；Not at all“不客气”；You’re welcome“不客气”。根据“Tom, turn off the light. Don’t keep it on.”可知，题干表示提醒某人要做某事，应用“I will”回复。故选B。
7．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）—Maria, don’t forget to ________ the sports shoes. You have a P.E. class today.
—Thanks, mom. I won’t.
A．get up B．put on C．take off D．cut down
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——玛丽亚，别忘了穿上运动鞋。 你今天有体育课。——谢谢你，妈妈。我不会忘的。
考查动词短语。get up起床；put on穿上；take off脱衣服；cut down砍倒。根据“You have a P.E. class today”可知有体育课，要穿上运动鞋。故选B。
8．（2017·湖北襄阳·中考真题）—Can you tell me when you are going to arrive there?
—I’m not sure. But I’ll ring you up as soon as I ________ there tomorrow.
A．arrive B．arrived C．will arrive D．am going to arrive
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你什么时候到那里吗？——我不确定。但我明天一到那儿就给你打电话。
考查动词时态。as soon as引导的时间状语从句表将来的事时，这时主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在，即：主将从现。本句主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，主语是I，动词用原形。故选A。
9．（2018·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Jenny,it’s cold outside. ________ your coat when you go out.
—OK, dad.
A．Put away B．Put on C．Take off D．Take away
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——珍妮，外面冷。当你出去的时候穿上你的大衣。——好的，爸爸。
考查动词短语。Put away收拾，整理；Put on穿上；Take off脱下；Take away带走。根据“it’s cold outside”可知外面冷，所以外出的时候要穿上大衣。故选B。
10．（2021·广西河池·中考真题）—Bob, please ________ your spelling. You’ve dropped the “d” in the word “knowledge”.
—Oh, yes. I’ll be more careful next time.
A．listen to B．look forward to C．pay attention to D．get used to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——Bob，请注意拼写。你把“knowledge”中的“d”漏掉了。——哦，是的。我下次一定更仔细。
考查动词短语辨析。listen to听；look forward to期待；pay attention to注意；get used to习惯。根据“You’ve dropped the “d” in the word “knowledge””可知，是提醒对方要注意单词的拼写，故选C。
题组B 能力提升练
补全对话
（2022·湖北黄石·中考真题）根据对话内容，从A-G七个选项中选出五个能补全对话的最佳选项（有两项多余）。
Li Hua: Hello, Mr. Xu!
Mr. Xu: Hi, Li Hua. Where have you been?
Li Hua: _____11_____
Mr. Xu: Really? That’s great! Did you talk with Mark and Judy?
Li Hua: Yes, but only a few words. And I am not sure if they understood me.
Mr. Xu: No problem. _____12_____
Li Hua: But I am afraid of making mistakes when I speak.
Mr. Xu: _____13_____ You should believe in yourself.
Li Hua: But do you think they like to talk with us beginners?
Mr. Xu: _____14_____
Li Hua: But I am still very nervous. You know my pronunciation is poor.
Mr. Xu: That’s a bad excuse. Try to talk with them as much as you can.
Li Hua: All right. _____15_____
A．Thanks a lot, Mr. Xu.
B．Yes, unless they are busy.
C．You have made a good start.
D．No, I’m not.
E．Can I help you?
F．I have just come back from English Corner.
G．We all learn from mistakes, don’t we?
【答案】11．F 12．C 13．G 14．B 15．A
【导语】本文是李华和许老师之间的对话，许老师鼓励李华多与Mark和Judy交谈来练习英语。
11．根据“Where have you been?”可知要回答去了哪里，F选项“我刚从英语角回来。”符合语境。故选F。
12．根据“Yes, but only a few words. And I am not sure if they understood me.”可知李华与Mark和Judy在英语角交谈，这是个好的开始，C选项“你已经开了个好头。”符合语境。故选C。
13．根据“But I am afraid of making mistakes when I speak.”可知此处要鼓励李华别怕犯错，G选项“我们都能从错误中学习，不是吗？”符合语境。故选G。
14．根据“But do you think they like to talk with us beginners?”可知用yes或no回答，告知Mark和Judy是否喜欢与初学者谈话，B选项“是的，除非他们很忙。”符合语境。故选B。
15．根据“Try to talk with them as much as you can.”及上文可知要感谢许老师的开导，A选项“非常感谢，许老师。”符合语境。故选A。
（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）
Text 1: Liu Yang, born in October 1978, was chosen as the first Chinese woman astronaut in space in June, 2012. She made history. In June, 2022, she was sent to space again by Shenzhou-14.
Picture A
Text 2：Lhasa is the capital of Tibet. The Potala Palace (布达拉宫) in Lhasa makes Tibet famous all over the world. On the other hand, Tibet is also well-known for its beautiful natural sights. So a lot of visitors go there every year.
Picture B
Text 3: Recently, short video platforms (平台) have offered a fun and easy way to show the traditional art forms, such as paper cutting, shadow play works (皮影戏), Peking Opera. Young users know more about traditional Chinese culture from those videos.
Picture C
Text 4: Hands in the pockets — This is commonly seem in daily life. In Sweden and France, putting your hands in your pockets would be considered impolite in a business meeting, even though you may wear a suit.
Picture D
16．When was Liu Yang sent to space for the second time?A．In 1978. B．In 2012. C．In 2021. D．In 2022.
17．There are ________ reasons why Tibet is well-known according to Text 2.
A．two B．three C．four D．five
18．Which picture shows the traditional art form mentioned in Text 3?
A．Picture A． B．Picture B． C．Picture C． D．Picture D．
19．Where can young people learn about the traditional Chinese art forms easily?
A．In space. B．In the Potala Palace.
C．On short video platforms. D．In Sweden and France.
20．Which one would be considered impolite in a business meeting in Sweden and France?
A．Putting your hands out of your pockets.
B．Shaking hands with business partners.
C．Wearing a suit with pockets.
D．Putting your hands in your pockets.
【答案】16．D 17．A 18．A 19．C 20．D
【导语】本文是四篇文本，分别介绍刘洋，布达拉宫，皮影戏和双手插兜。
16．细节理解题。根据“In June, 2022, she was sent to space again by Shenzhou-14.”可知，2022年6月，她被神舟14号再次送入太空。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据“The Potala Palace in Lhasa makes Tibet famous all over the world. On the other hand, Tibet is also well-known for its beautiful natural sights.”可知，根据文本2，西藏之所以出名，有两个原因。故选A。
18．推理判断题。分析四张图片可知，Picture A展示了文本3中提到的传统艺术形式——皮影戏。故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据“short video platforms have offered a fun and easy way to show the traditional art forms”可知，短视频平台为传统艺术形式的展示提供了一种有趣而简单的方式，故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据“In Sweden and France, putting your hands in your pockets would be considered impolite in a business meeting, even though you may wear a suit.”可知，在瑞典和法国，即使你穿着西装，在商务会议上把手放在口袋里也会被认为是不礼貌的。故选D。
（2022·湖南益阳·中考真题）
In ancient China, willow branches（柳枝）were often used as a gift to friends and family members who would leave. Do you know why willow branches are a symbol of saying goodbye?
One reason is that willow trees are strong. They can live in any soil, wet or dry, north or south. Because of this special feature, when saying goodbye to loved ones, giving a willow branch is a way to tell them you hope they will easily get used to their new living environment.
Another reason is that, in Chinese, the pronunciation for the willow tree “柳” is similar to the character “留”. So giving a willow branch in ancient China was like asking the others to stay, even though you know that they must leave.
It’s said that this custom became popular during the Han Dynasty. At that time, Baqiao, a bridge in Chang’an, today’s Xi’an, was a common place to say goodbye. People often stopped there and handed willow branches to people who were going to depart.
Willow branches, as a symbol of saying goodbye, were often mentioned in poems, especially at the time of the Tang and Song dynasties.
21．Who were willow branches often used as a gift to in ancient China?
A．One’s parents who would stay.
B．One’s friends and family members who would leave.
C．One’s love who would come back after being away for a long time.
22．According to the passage, the willow trees can live in any soil because they are ________.
A．magic B．beautiful C．strong
23．Giving a willow branch in ancient China was like ________.
A．asking the others to stay B．asking the others for help C．wishing the others to leave
24．The underlined word “depart” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________” in Chinese.
A．返回 B．离开 C．相遇
25．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．A kind of strong tree—Willow trees
B．A common place to say goodbye—Baqiao
C．A symbol of saying goodbye—Willow branches
【答案】21．B 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了柳枝在古代的含义。
21．细节理解题。根据“In ancient China, willow branches（柳枝）were often used as a gift to friends and family members who would leave.”可知在中国古代，柳枝经常被用来作为礼物送给即将离开的朋友和家人。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“One reason is that willow trees are strong.”可知一个原因是柳树很结实。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据“So giving a willow branch in ancient China was like asking the others to stay”可知在中国古代，送一根柳枝就像请别人留下一样。故选A。
24．词义猜测题。根据“People often stopped there and handed willow branches to people who were going to depart.”可知人们经常在那里停下来，把柳枝递给即将离开的人。由此可知depart指的是“离开”。故选B。
25．最佳标题题。根据“Do you know why willow branches are a symbol of saying goodbye?”可知文章主要介绍了柳枝表示再见的含义。故选C。
题组C 培优拔尖练
（2022·四川雅安·中考真题）There are many festivals around the world. Dads have Father’s Day. Mums have Mother’s Day. But do our grandparents have a ____26____? Yes, they do.
The Double Ninth Festival is a ____27____ day for old people in China. The festival is on lunar September 9th. On this day, people show ____28____ and respect (尊敬)for their grandparents.
Respecting old people is a tradition in China. There are many ways for Chinese people to ___29___ their respect. When an old person enters a room, everyone should stand up. Also, people are introduced from the ____30____ to the youngest. When we give something to an old person, two hands are used. The old usually don’t have to buy tickets for buses and young people always ___31___ their seats to old people on a crowded subway or bus.
However, in western countries, old people have ____32____ lifestyles from those in China. They don’t often live with their children—they live ____33____. They don’t want to get help from others. They even don’t want to be offered seats by others.
Westerners ____34____ respect old people. For holidays, families usually ____35____ at the grand-parents’ homes. A great smile and a warm hug are enough for grown children to show their respect.
26．A．house B．festival C．partner D．relative
27．A．boring B．simple C．special D．surprising
28．A．love B．interest C．hope D．invitation
29．A．stop B．express C．find D．refuse
30．A．richest B．tallest C．oldest D．strongest
31．A．offer B．lend C．sell D．take
32．A．usual B．strange C．same D．different
33．A．wisely B．easily C．alone D．sadly
34．A．still B．even C．only D．just
35．A．grow up B．get off C．make up D．get together
【答案】26．B 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．C 31．A 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了中西方尊重老人的不同方式。
26．句意：但是我们的祖父母有节日吗？
house房子；festival节日；partner伙伴；relative亲戚。根据“There are many festivals around the world”可知，询问祖父母有没有对应的节日，故选B。
27．句意：重阳节是中国老年人的一个特殊节日。
boring无聊的；simple简单的；special特别的；surprising令人惊讶的。根据“The Double Ninth Festival is a … day for old people in China”可知，重阳节是一个针对老年人的特别节日，故选C。
28．句意：在这一天，人们表达对祖父母的爱和尊敬。
love喜爱；interest兴趣；hope希望；invitation邀请。根据“On this day, people show…and respect (尊敬) for their grandparents.”可知，重阳节是对祖父母表达爱和尊敬的节日，故选A。
29．句意：中国人表达敬意的方式有很多。
stop停止；express表达；find找到；refuse重复使用。根据“show … and respect(尊敬) for their grandparents”可知，此处指表达尊敬有很多方法，故选B。
30．句意：此外，人们是由年长的介绍给年幼的。
richest最富有的；tallest最高的；oldest最老的；strongest最强壮的。根据“people are introduced from the … to the youngest”可知，为了表达尊敬，是从年长的开始介绍，故选C。
31．句意：在拥挤的地铁或公共汽车上，老人通常不用买票，年轻人总是给老人让座。
offer提供；lend借出；sell售卖；take带走。根据下文“They even don’t want to be offered seats by others.”可知，此处指给老人让座，offer a seat“让座”，故选A。
32．句意：然而，在西方国家，老年人的生活方式与中国的老年人不同。
usual普通的；strange奇怪的；same相同的；different不同的。根据“They don’t often live with their children…”可知，西方老年人的生活与中国的不同，故选D。
33．句意：他们不经常和孩子住在一起——他们独自生活。
wisely明智地；easily容易地；alone独自；sadly难过地。根据“They don’t often live with their children”可知，老年人独自生活，故选C。
34．句意：西方人仍然尊重老人。
still仍然；even甚至；only只有；just仅仅。根据“For holidays, families usually…at the grand-parents’ homes”可知，西方人仍然尊重老人，故选A。
35．句意：在假期，家人通常会在祖父母的家里聚会。
grow up成长；get off下车；make up编造；get together聚集。根据“families usually…at the grand-parents’ homes”可知，家人通常会聚在一起，故选D。
（2022·湖南长沙·中考真题）I went to Beijing to study Chinese last year. I was ____36____ about all the chances to better my language skills, walk on the Great Wall, and most of all, eat real Chinese food! I ____37____ remember my first jianbing, jiaozi and Peking duck. Each of them was amazing in its own way.
I knew that real Chinese food would be different from the Chinese food I had eaten in the USA．I couldn’t wait to try all the ____38____ dishes that came up in my research about Chinese food. One of my favorites turned out to be hotpot（火锅）.
My first-ever hotpot experience in Old Beijing was ____39____. As a first-timer, I was moved by the waiters’____40____ and their warmth of welcome. They tried their best to introduce all of the oils and spices（调味香料）to me.
Looking around, I found that everyone had their own favorite sauce combinations（酱料组合）, ingredients and styles（食材和风格）. Some would carefully ____41____ their ingredients into the hotpot one after another. Others would impatiently put whole plates into the bubbling（冒泡的）oil. You can learn a lot from the ____42____ people eat hotpot.
When I went back to the USA, I ____43____ to prepare a hotpot meal for my family. It allowed me to not only share the culture that I had learned about, but also offer others a chance to ____44____ China like I had. It’s amazing that ____45____ could bring so much to life!
36．A．sorry B．excited C．tired
37．A．still B．never C．hardly
38．A．heart-breaking B．mouth-watering C．time-saving
39．A．unforgettable B．unpleasant C．unlucky
40．A．coldness B．laziness C．friendliness
41．A．play B．put C．wash
42．A．way B．tool C．price
43．A．hated B．refused C．decided
44．A．help B．build C．experience
45．A．jiaozi B．hotpot C．Peking duck
【答案】
36．B 37．A 38．B 39．A 40．C 41．B 42．A 43．C 44．C 45．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在中国吃火锅的经历。
36．句意：我很高兴有机会提高我的语言技能。
sorry遗憾的；excited兴奋的；tired疲惫的。根据“about all the chances to better my language skills,”以及全文可知，作者是喜欢中国的，此处需填入一个褒义词，B选项“excited”符合语境。be excited about“对……感到兴奋”。故选B。
37．句意：我还记得我的第一个煎饼、饺子和北京烤鸭。
still仍然；never从不；hardly几乎不。根据“Each of them was amazing in its own way.”可知，作者仍然记得煎饼、饺子和北京烤鸭。故选A。
38．句意：我迫不及待地想尝尝我研究中餐时发现的所有令人垂涎的菜肴。
heart-breaking令人心碎的；mouth-watering令人垂涎的；time-saving节省时间的。根据“One of my favorites turned out to be hotpot”可知，此处是指令人垂涎的菜肴。故选B。
39．句意：我在老北京的第一次火锅体验令人难忘。
unforgettable难忘的；unpleasant不愉快的；unlucky不幸运的。根据“As a first-timer, I was moved by the waiters’...They tried their best to introduce all of the oils and spices to me.”可知，作者觉得第一次火锅体验是难忘的。故选A。
40．句意：作为第一次来，我被服务员的友善和热情的欢迎所感动。
coldness冷漠；laziness懒惰；friendliness友好。根据“and their warmth of welcome.”可知，此处需填入一个词与“warmth”并列，C选项“friendliness”符合语境，意为“友好”。故选C。
41．句意：有些人会小心翼翼地将他们的食材一个接一个地放入火锅中。
play玩；put放置；wash洗。根据“their ingredients into the hotpot”和常识可知，是把食材放进火锅。固定短语put...into...“把……放进……”。故选B。
42．句意：你可以从人们吃火锅的方式中学到很多东西。
way方式；tool工具；price价格。根据“Some would carefully...their ingredients into the hotpot one after another. Others would impatiently put whole plates into the bubbling（冒泡的）oil.”可知，此处是指吃火锅的方式。故选A。
43．句意：回美国后，我决定为家人准备一顿火锅。
hated讨厌；refused拒绝；decided决定。根据“to prepare a hotpot meal for my family.”可知，此处是指准备了一顿火锅。固定短语decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故选C。
44．句意：它让我不仅可以分享我所了解的文化，还可以让其他人有机会像我一样体验中国。
help帮助；build建筑；experience经历。根据“My first-ever hotpot experience in Old Beijing was”以及“but also offer others a chance to...China like I had.”可知，此处是指体验中国的文化。故选C。
45．句意：火锅能给生活带来如此多的东西真是太神奇了！
jiaozi饺子；hotpot火锅；Peking duck北京烤鸭。根据“prepare a hotpot meal for my family.”可知，此处是强调火锅能给生活带来很多东西。故选B。
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