广西柳州市柳城县中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期开学质量检测（一）（Word版附解析）

这是一份广西柳州市柳城县中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期开学质量检测（一）（Word版附解析），共17页。试卷主要包含了5分, 满分37， A 5等内容，欢迎下载使用。
柳城县中学2022级高二上英语开学质量检测（一）
高二英语
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Our Festival
Story Show in Oheron
Adults
8: 00 pm—10: 00 pm
Join us for an evening of true, personal stories about science. Come to the only show where you can hear people—scientists, not-scientists, and half-scientists-tell funny and touching stories about the role of science in their lives.
Cost: $10
Make Your Own iPhone Case through Toysinbox 3D Printing
Families & Teens&. Adults
10: 00 am—12: 30 pm
In this workshop, you will learn to design and make your own iPhone case by 3D printing. First, you will learn how to use a 3D printer. Next, you will design a 3D model for your iPhone case that will have a lovely pattern and your name. Once you create the model, you will print it out on our 3D printers. A 3D-printing worker will guide you through this process step by step. Come and enjoy this fun and unique learning experience!
Cost: $35
DIY Underwater Vehicle Design in MIT Museum Teens
2: 00 pm—5: 00 pm
Dive into the world of ocean engineering by designing and building an underwater vehicle! Test your vehicle in large tanks on the Museum’s floor. Show off your engineering creations and share your design process with Museum visitors.
Cost: $15, Ages 12
Animal Kingdom for Young Ones in Museum of Science, Boston
Families
9: 30 am—2: 00 pm
Join us for a day of hands-on science fun designed especially for pre-schoolers!
Activities include the Museum’s popular “Live Animal Story Time” shows and a talk about baby animals and book-signing by children’s book authors. Take part in special live animal visits and activities in the exhibition halls, as well as design challenges and lab activities—all created with your young scientist in mind!
Cost: $20
1. If you are interested in stories about science, you will probably attend ________.
A. Make Your Own iPhone Case B. DIY Underwater Vehicle Design
C. Story Show D. Animal Kingdom for Young Ones
2. What can people do in DIY Underwater Vehicle Design?
A. Do role-play games. B. Test their creations.
C. Put on science shows. D. Meet authors of the books.
3. Animal Kingdom for Young Ones is designed for ________.
A. kids not old enough for school B. children of all ages
C. adults D. college students
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个科学主题活动，包括科学故事秀、用3D打印技术自己设计手机壳、自制水下汽车的设计以及为8岁以下的小朋友设计的动物王国活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Story Show in Oheron中“Join us for an evening of true, personal stories about science. Come to the only show where you can hear people—scientists, not-scientists, and half-scientists-tell funny and touching stories about the role of science in their lives.”（和我们一起度过一个关于科学的真实的个人故事之夜。来参加这个唯一能让你听到人们——科学家、非科学家和半科学家——讲述有趣而感人的故事，讲述科学在他们生活中的作用。）可知，人们在故事秀上可以听到关于科学的真实的个人故事。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据DIY Underwater Vehicle Design in MIT Museum中“Dive into the world of ocean engineering by designing and building an underwater vehicle! Test your vehicle in large tanks on the Museum’s floor.”（通过设计和建造一个水下航行器，潜入海洋工程的世界！在博物馆地板上的大型水箱中测试您的车辆。）可知，在DIY水下航行器设计中人们可以测试他们的创意。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Animal Kingdom for Young Ones in Museum of Science, Boston中“Join us for a day of hands-on science fun designed especially for pre-schoolers!”（加入我们的一天动手科学的乐趣，专为学龄前儿童设计！）可知，《小动物王国》是为还没到上学年龄的孩子设计的。故选A项。
B
For twelve years, my church has participated in the Appalachia Service Project. One week each summer, volunteers go to repair or build homes for families.
At the age of sixteen, I went on my first volunteer project in West Virginia. On the night we arrived, we discovered that “our family” was living in a trailer (活动房屋) that was in poor condition. The staff soon decided that the only reasonable solution was to build a new house. “Our family” was overjoyed with their new house that was 20x30 foot with three bedrooms, a bath and a kitchen/family room.
On Tuesday of that week, I asked “our family’s” three boys, Josh, Eric and Ryan, “What do you want for your new room?” Josh, the oldest, responded, “I just want a bed.”
We were stunned. The boys had never slept in a bed. They were used to foam pads (泡沫垫). That night we had a meeting and decided that beds would be the perfect gift. On Thursday night, we drove to the nearest city and bought beds and new bedding.
On Friday, when we saw the delivery truck coming, we told “our family” about the surprise. It was like watching excited children on Christmas morning. That afternoon, we set up the beds. As we fitted the frames together, Eric ran into the house to watch us. He observed with wide-eyed enthusiasm. As Meggan, a member of our group, slipped a pillowcase onto one of the pillows, Eric asked, “What is that?”
“A pillow,” she replied,
“What do you do with it?” Eric persisted.
“When you go to sleep, you put your head on it,” Meggan answered softly. Tears came to our eyes as she handed Eric the pillow.
“Oh... that’s soft,” he said, hugging it tightly.
4 “Our family” refers to ________.
A. a poor family in West Virginia
B. the author’s family
C. the family which consists of three boys
D. the family formed by the volunteers
5. What does the underlined word “stunned” mean?
A. Frightened. B. Confused. C. Doubtful. D. Shocked.
6. What can we infer from the text?
A. The children like lying on foam pads.
B. The family is too poor to buy a bed.
C. The volunteers bought beds for the family.
D. The children had never slept in a bed.
7. Tears came to our eyes when Meggan handed Eric the pillow because ________.
A. we felt very tired
B. Eric didn’t know how to use what we bought for him
C. we were sad to know Eric had never used a pillow
D. Eric wanted some other things
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我第一次参加志愿活动，帮助一个贫困家庭建新家的经历。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“One week each summer, volunteers go to repair or build homes for families. (每年夏天有一个星期，志愿者去为家庭修理或建造房屋。)”和第二段的“At the age of sixteen, I went on my first volunteer project in West Virginia. On the night we arrived, we discovered that “our family” was living in a trailer (活动房屋) that was in poor condition. (16岁时，我在西弗吉尼亚州参加了我的第一个志愿者项目。在我们到达的那天晚上，我们发现“我们的家庭”住在一辆破旧的拖车里。)” 可知，our family指的是我们帮助的西弗吉尼亚州的贫困家庭。故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文“The boys had never slept in a bed. They were used to foam pads. (孩子们从来没有在床上睡过觉。他们习惯了用泡沫垫作床。)”可知，几个孩子都是在泡沫垫上睡觉，从来没有睡过床，这是让志愿者们感到“震惊的”事情，所以stunned与Shocked同义。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“On the night we arrived, we discovered that “our family” was living in a trailer (活动房屋) that was in poor condition. (到达的那天晚上，我们发现“我们家”住在一辆破旧的拖车里。)”和第四段中“The boys had never slept in a bed. They were used to foam pads (泡沫垫). (孩子们从来没有在床上睡过觉。他们习惯了用泡沫垫作床。)”可推知，作者帮助的这一家人太穷了，买不起床。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中““When you go to sleep, you put your head on it,” Meggan answered softly. Tears came to our eyes as she handed Eric the pillow. (“当你睡觉的时候，你把你的头放在上面，”梅根轻声回答。当她把枕头递给埃里克时，我们的泪水止不住涌了出来。)”可知， Eric居然不知道枕头是什么，也不知道枕头是用来做什么的。所以作者和其他志愿者们都看到这些可怜的孩子后，感伤落泪。故选C。
C
Eating chocolate every day as part of your job sounds unreal, but it is a reality for chocolate tasters across the world. However, the job is full of challenges. Chocolate tasters work under pressure. If you are a chocolate lover and have thought about trying to be a chocolate taster in the future, you may want to think twice before you make the decision.
Chocolate tasting may involve lots of traveling. If you work for a chocolate seller, you will visit factories and attend chocolate tasting events to try new flavors (味道). If you work for a producer, you will visit raw (未经加工的) material suppliers to check on the quality of the raw products and to test different ingredients. Traveling will separate you from your friends and loved ones for long periods of time, which can create an emotional distance. Long trips may leave you feeling empty and lonely, which can affect the quality of your life.
Chocolate tasting requires that you take a lot of sugar and calories into your body, which can do harm to your health. Chocolate is also rich in saturated fats (饱和脂肪) and lacks vital vitamins and minerals that our bodies require daily. A career in chocolate tasting demands that you watch your diet; thus, you may have to limit or give up your intake of other calorie-rich foods. A chocolate taster who doesn’t take good care of his personal health can develop diseases such as diabetes, tooth cavities, and so on.
Chocolate tasters must love chocolate and have a broad understanding of various chocolate flavors. While tasting, you are to take a bite and chew it for a few seconds, letting it slowly melt in your mouth and spread to all parts of your tongue to evaluate (评价) its flavors. You must pay attention to details and learn to identify flavors and quality quickly. You also have to taste some kinds of chocolate that you may not like. Besides, understanding customer preferences is very important. You will spend time studying customer-based research findings to try to determine the flavors that will meet their demands.
8. In order to take good care of themselves, chocolate tasters may have to ________.
A. give up foods that contain fat
B. take pills to ensure their intake of vitamins
C. stop eating any food that tastes sweet
D. limit foods that are high in calories
9. The author may agree that ________.
A. chocolate tasting is not a real job
B. one had better think carefully about becoming a chocolate taster
C. chocolate tasters live a special and interesting life
D. one has to know everything to become a chocolate taster
10. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A. One can be a good chocolate taster as long as he/she knows much about the flavors of different chocolates.
B. While tasting, the taster chews the chocolate to assess its recipe (食谱).
C. The chocolate taster has the right to select the chocolate he/she prefers.
D. The chocolate taster has to spend time studying customer preferences.
11. Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. How To Be a Chocolate Taster B. A Popular and Funny Career
C. Chocolate Tasting Is No Sweet Job D. Earn a Living by Eating
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍巧克力品尝师这个职业以及从事这个职业的人要面对的挑战。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“A career in chocolate tasting demands that you watch your diet; thus, you may have to limit or give up your intake of other calorie-rich foods.( 巧克力品鉴的职业要求你注意饮食；因此，你可能不得不限制或放弃摄入其他高热量食物。)”可知, 巧克力品尝师需要留意自己的饮食，限制或不吃其他高热量的食物。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“However, the job is full of challenges. Chocolate tasters work under pressure. If you are a chocolate lover and have thought about trying to be a chocolate taster in the future, you may want to think twice before you make the decision.(然而，这份工作充满了挑战。巧克力品尝师在压力下工作。如果你是一个巧克力爱好者，并且想过将来成为一名巧克力品尝师，那么在你做决定之前，你可能需要三思而后行。)”可知，作者认为巧克力品尝师这个职业充满挑战，如果想要从事这个职业，需要三思。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Besides, understanding customer preferences is very important. You will spend time studying customer-based research findings to try to determine the flavors that will meet their demands.(此外，了解客户的偏好是非常重要的。你将花时间研究以顾客为基础的研究结果，试图确定能满足他们需求的口味。)”可知，巧克力品尝师要花时间研究客户的口味喜好。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“However, the job is full of challenges. Chocolate tasters work under pressure. If you are a chocolate lover and have thought about trying to be a chocolate taster in the future, you may want to think twice before you make the decision.(然而，这份工作充满了挑战。巧克力品尝师在压力下工作。如果你是一个巧克力爱好者，并且想过将来成为一名巧克力品尝师，那么在你做决定之前，你可能需要三思而后行。)”以及全文内容，列举了从事巧克力品尝师这个职业要面对的各种挑战，可知最佳标题为：巧克力品尝师不是一份轻松的差事。故选C。
D
The mystery of how groups of fire ants survive floods has puzzled biologists for many years. But now scientists have worked out how the ants stick together in order to build a kind of raft (筏) that helps them to float easily for days.
The fire ant lives in the rainforests of Brazil, where heavy rainfall can cause flooding twice daily. In order to stick together as a colony (群体) during these floods, the fire ants hook (钩) their legs and mouths together to create a living and breathing material that floats for hours, or even weeks, if necessary, until floods go down.
These so-called fire-ant rafts contain nearly 200 bodies per square inch; they can grow to be as large as garbage bin lids (盖) in the case of large colonies, but more often, they grow to the size of small plates. The ants gather themselves quickly in response to an emergency, and can organize thousands of bodies in less than two minutes, according to study researcher David Hu. “They are all acting together, and there are so many of them that they are really becoming a single material.” said Professor Hu.
They found that living fire ants within a raft always changed their positions in response to forces, such as the push of a stick or a drop of rain in nature. “This responsiveness allows the fire ants to deal with small rocks or bursts of waves while floating.” Hu said.
The raft is also self-healing, so that if one ant is removed from the raft, others move in to fill the space.
When in danger of drowning, a colony of the tiny creatures-thousands of them-will save themselves by joining forces and forming a raft. Though insects do insect things, we human beings could learn a thing or two about teamwork from the awesome fire ant.
12. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Tiny creatures can survive disasters.
B Fire ants work together to survive floods.
C. Teamwork is important for human.
D. Rafts help fire ants live in nature.
13. How can the fire ants stick together?
A. By joining a colony. B. By floating for a long time.
C. By hooking parts of their bodies. D. By living and breathing together.
14. What can we know about the fire-ant rafts?
A. They can be formed in a short time.
B. They are usually the size of garbage bin lids.
C. They will be separated in case of forces.
D. They move to some spaces when in danger.
15. Where is the passage most probably from?
A. A news report. B. A brochure.
C. A story book. D. A magazine.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文, 讲述火蚁如何聚集在一起应对洪水。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The mystery of how groups of fire ants survive floods has puzzled biologists for many years. But now scientists have worked out how the ants stick together in order to build a kind of raft (筏) that helps them to float easily for days.(火蚁群是如何在洪水中生存的，这一谜题困扰了生物学家多年。但现在科学家们已经弄清楚了蚂蚁是如何粘在一起建造一种筏子的(筏)，这种筏子可以帮助它们轻松漂浮几天。)”可知, 本文主要关于火蚁如何聚集在一起应对洪水。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In order to stick together as a colony (群体) during these floods, the fire ants hook their legs and mouths together to create a living, breathing waterproof (防水的) material that floats for hours, or even weeks, if necessary, until floods go down.( 为了在洪水期间作为一个群体粘在一起，火蚁把它们的腿和嘴钩在一起，形成一种有生命的、会呼吸的防水材料，这种材料可以漂浮几个小时，甚至几个星期，如果必要的话，直到洪水退去。)”可知, 火蚁用脚和嘴彼此之间钩住, 以联合聚集在一起, 形成一块防水的材料, 可漂浮数小时甚至数周, 待洪水退去。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The ants gather themselves quickly in response to an emergency, and can organize thousands of bodies in less than two minutes, according to study researcher David Hu.(根据研究人员David Hu的说法，这些蚂蚁在紧急情况下迅速聚集起来，可以在不到两分钟的时间内组织数千具身体。)”可知, 火蚁可以在短时间内迅速聚集起来, 形成“筏”, 以应对洪水。故选 A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章主旨——关于火蚁如何聚集在一起应对洪水，可知，文章属于科普大自然的现象, 故推断文章可能来自杂志上的自然栏目。故选D。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Amazing Benefits of Listening to Music during Meditation (冥想)
There are many benefits of listening to music during meditation. If you haven’t tried it yet, you should! It is not only relaxing but also beneficial for your mental health. ___16___
Reduce Stress
One of its benefits is a reduction in the levels of stress and anxiety. ___17___ If your workload is very demanding, it is very natural for you to feel stressed-out often. When you listen to pleasant and soft music during meditation, you will feel calmer and remove stress from your life.
Balance Your Emotions
___18___ Listening to music while meditating can help you balance your emotions. People who meditate while regularly listening to music can balance their lives. They are better in dealing with emotions. In fact, they can improve their relationships and heal wounds quicker than those who don’t take this beautiful practice.
Inspire You
When you listen to music while meditating, you feel inspired. This brings about a good feeling, and you can relax and enjoy yourself. You will also feel great about yourself. This is a great inspiration to someone who has lost hope in life. ___19___
Wonderful, wasn’t it? The journey through music and meditation is something we should all try. Your body, mind, and soul will connect with each other. ___20___ Right from the moment you start meditating with the help of music, you will notice changes.
A. Your health will be harmed.
B. Here are some of the benefits.
C. Not only that, your quality of life will improve too.
D. Meditation can help you live a life free of anxiety.
E. Stress is one of the most common issues in today’s world.
F. Maintaining an emotional balance is very important.
G. You can recommend it to someone who is struggling with hopelessness.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. F 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了冥想时听音乐的许多好处。
【16题详解】
根据前文“If you haven’t tried it yet, you should! It is not only relaxing but also beneficial for your mental health. (如果你还没有尝试过，你应该试试！它不仅放松，而且有利于你的心理健康。)”可知，后文应该提出听音乐带来的好处。B选项“Here are some of the benefits.(以下是一些好处。)”承上启下。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据前文“One of its benefits is a reduction in the levels of stress and anxiety. (它的一个好处是减少压力和焦虑的水平。)”可知，此处强调听音乐的好处是减少压力和焦虑。后文应该承接该话题。E选项“Stress is one of the most common issues in today’s world.(压力是当今世界最常见的问题之一。)”对压力进行说明，承接前文。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Balance Your Emotions(平衡你的情绪)”可知，本段主要讲述的是听音乐可以平衡情绪。F选项“Maintaining an emotional balance is very important.(保持情绪平衡是非常重要的。)”承接前文，提出保持情绪的重要性，F选项话题保持一致，符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Inspire You(激励你)”以及“This is a great inspiration to someone who has lost hope in life. (这对那些对生活失去希望的人来说是一个很大的鼓舞。)”可知，听音乐可以对生活失去希望的人产生很大的鼓舞。G选项“You can recommend it to someone who is struggling with hopelessness.( 你可以把它推荐给那些正在绝望中挣扎的人。)”中的who is struggling with hopelessness与前文中的who has lost hope呼应，指出可以让那些正在绝望中挣扎的人听音乐，这样可以鼓舞他们。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据前文“The journey through music and meditation is something we should all try. Your body, mind, and soul will connect with each other.( 通过音乐和冥想的旅程是我们都应该尝试的事情。你的身体、思想和灵魂会相互联系。)”可知，此处指出听音乐和冥想带来的好处。C选项“Not only that, your quality of life will improve too.(不仅如此，你的生活质量也会提高。)”承接前文指出，听音乐和冥想不仅让身体、思想和灵魂会相互联系，也能够提高生活质量。故选C。
第三部分　语言知识运用 (共两节, 满分45分)
第一节　完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was walking back home at around 12: 15 p. m. during my lunch break one day, an apple core (果核) came flying towards me. It landed just before my feet. Surprised, I thought myself ___21___ not to get hit by it.
The apple was ___22___ over the wall by a school student. I live opposite a school. A wall ___23___ my apartment building from the school.
Thinking it was a one-off ___24___, I told my friend Lucy, and we laughed about it.
Then, the week after, I was walking along exactly the same place at the same time and bam! Another apple ___25___ the wall. This time it ___26___ on the roof of a shed (棚屋). I thought to myself: ”Is it my destiny (命运) to get hit by an apple?”
Last week I was walking back home. I ___27___ my phone. It was 12:15 p.m.. My ___28___ wandered to those two times before when I’d seen an apple thrown over the wall. But ___29___, my thoughts were interrupted (打断) by another flying apple! This one was a big one. Only one bite had been taken out of it, and it was thrown with speed.
Enough was enough. Someone could be really ____30____ by these apples. Did the ____31____ not realize that people live across the wall? Or do they not care?
I told my friend about it. “You should just throw the apple ____32____ over the wall. That will teach them,” my friend Sam ____33____. But I don’t want to play that “game”. As they say, “An eye for an eye leaves the whole world blind.” ____34____, I might end up hurting someone when I throw it back.
Maybe I’ll call the school and let them know. The students responsible need to know that they might end up hurting someone if they keep throwing their waste. What’s more, waste ____35____ to the bin, not anywhere else.
21. A. awkward B. lucky C. annoyed D. anxious
22. A. thrown B. dropped C. sent D. transported
23. A. prevents B. protects C. organizes D. separates
24. A. expectation B. experience C. experiment D. exploration
25. A. flew over B. got in C. went through D. knocked down
26. A. broke B. moved C. passed D. landed
27. A. examined B. checked C. saw D. found
28. A. step B. eyes C. emotion D. mind
29 A. actually B. slowly C. suddenly D. finally
30. A. hurt B. confused C. amazed D. impressed
31. A. leaders B. students C. teachers D. guards
32. A. forward B. away C. off D. back
33. A. ordered B. debated C. suggested D. requested
34. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Instead
35. A. sticks B. serves C. belongs D. rushes
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲是作者住在和学校有一墙之隔的地方，多次有学生往这个方向扔苹果核，作者忍无可忍最终决定向学校揭发这件事的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶，觉得自己很幸运没有被它击中。A. awkward尴尬的；B. lucky幸运的；C. annoyed生气的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据前文“It landed just before my feet.”可知，苹果核落在我的脚下，说明我很幸运没有被它砸中。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：苹果是一个学生从墙上扔下来的。A. thrown扔；B. dropped落下；C. sent发送；D. transported运输。根据后文“ A wall ___3___ my apartment building from the school.”可知，我住的地方和学校一墙之隔，推断出苹果核是学生从墙上扔过来的。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一堵墙分开了我的公寓楼和学校。A. prevents阻止；B. protects保护；C. organizes组织；D. separates隔开。根据前文“I live opposite a school.”可知，我住在一所学校的另一边，说明我的公寓和学校是被一堵墙隔开的。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以为这是一次性的经历，就告诉了我的朋友露西，我们笑了。A. expectation期盼；B. experience经历；C. experiment实验；D. exploration探索。根据前文“When I was walking back home at around 12: 15 p. m. during my lunch break one day, an apple core (果核) came flying towards me. It landed just before my feet.”可知，这是作者差点被苹果核砸中的一次经历。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：又有一个苹果飞越了墙。A. flew over飞越；B. got in到达；C. went through通过；D. knocked down被击倒。根据后文“This time it ___6___ on the roof of a shed (棚屋).”可知，这次苹果核飞越了墙落到了一个棚屋的屋顶上。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次它降落在一个棚屋的屋顶上。A. broke破坏；B. moved移动；C. passed通过；D. landed降落。根据前文“Another apple ___5___ the wall.”可知，另一个苹果飞跃了墙，推断出它降落在一个屋顶上。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我查看了一下手机。A. examined检查；B. checked查看；C. saw看见；D. found发现。根据后文“It was 12:15 p.m..”可知，我查看了一下手机得知了时间。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到一个苹果被扔到墙上时，我的心思又回到了之前的那两次。A. step脚步；B. eyes眼睛；C. emotion表情；D. mind心思。根据前文“when I’d seen an apple thrown over the wall”可知，当我看到一个苹果被扔到墙上时，我的思绪又回到了前两次的扔苹果事件时。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但突然间，我的思绪被另一个飞苹果打断了！A. actually实际上；B. slowly缓慢地；C. suddenly突然；D. finally最后。根据后文“my thoughts were interrupted (打断) by another flying apple!”可知，我正在思考事情，另一只飞过来的苹果这件事让我觉得很突然。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些苹果可能真的会伤害到一些人。A. hurt伤害；B. confused使困惑；C. amazed惊讶；D. impressed留下印象。根据后文“I might end up hurting someone when I throw it back”可知，作者认为把苹果核扔回去会伤害到某人，推断出他认为这些苹果会伤人，hurt为原词复现。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们没有意识到有人住在墙的另一边吗？A. leaders领导；B. students学生；C. teachers老师；D. guards警卫。根据前文“The apple was ___2___ over the wall by a school student.”可知，苹果时被学生们扔出来的，推断出作者认为学生们没有意识到有人住在墙的另一边。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：你应该把苹果扔过墙去。A. forward向前；B. away远离；C. off离开；D. back回去。根据后文“That will teach them”可知，我的朋友希望我教训学生们，推断出他建议我把苹果扔回去。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友萨姆建议。A. ordered命令；B. debated辩论；C. suggested建议；D. requested要求。根据前文“You should just throw the apple ___12___ over the wall.”可知，作者的朋友建议他把苹果扔回去。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，当我把它扔回去的时候，我可能会伤害到别人。A. Besides此外；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Instead相反。前文“As they say, “An eye for an eye leaves the whole world blind.””和后文“I might end up hurting someone when I throw it back”之间是递进关系，应用besides表示这种关系。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，垃圾属于垃圾桶，而不是其他地方。A. sticks坚持；B. serves服务；C. belongs属于；D. rushes冲。根据常识，垃圾属于垃圾桶， belong to 为固定搭配，意为“属于”。故选C项。
第二节　(共10小题；每小题2分, 满分20分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As is known to all, there are many beautiful places in Europe worth ___36___ (visit). Among them Greece is at the top. If you go on a vacation to Greece, it ___37___ (give) you everything you ever want on a holiday. The ___38___ (attraction) hot springs, beautiful villages, rich history, delicious seafood and beautiful beaches are all here. Winter is the time ___39___ (enjoy) some great skiing, with so many mountains around here that offer this sport.
Spain is ___40___ second largest tourist destination in the world. It’s one of the first ___41___ (country) in the world to develop summer beach vacations. It is also famous ___42___ the beautiful world heritage sites (遗迹), 42 to be exact. For great nightlife, you’d love to be in Barcelona or Madrid.
Venice of Italy is another great destination. It has an amazing history and is known for ___43___ (it) beautiful architecture. Venice ___44___ (fill) with many art galleries (美术馆). The Grand Canal is a long canal (运河) ____45____ runs right through the city. The city, made up of 117 small islands, is amazingly linked by 400 bridges over 150 canals.
【答案】36. visiting
37. will give
38. attractive
39. to enjoy
40. the 41. countries
42. for 43. its
44. is filled
45. which##that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了欧洲有许多美丽的地方值得一游。
【36题详解】
考查动名词。句意：众所周知，欧洲有许多美丽的地方值得一游。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be worth doing表示“值得做某事”，所以此处为动名词形式作宾语。故填visiting。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：如果你去希腊度假，它会给你度假时想要的一切。分析句子可知，此处为If引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，所以此处主句应为一般将来时。故填will give。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这里有迷人的温泉、美丽的村庄、悠久的历史、美味的海鲜和美丽的海滩。由空后hot springs为名词可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词，表示“有吸引力的”，为形容词attractive。故填attractive。
【39题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：冬天是享受滑雪的好时机，这里周围有很多山，可以进行这项运动。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词time，表示“做……的时间”。故填to enjoy。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：西班牙是世界第二大旅游目地。由空后second largest可知，最高级前应用定冠词the，故填the。
【41题详解】
考查名词复数形式。句意：它是世界上最早开发夏季海滩度假的国家之一。分析句子可知，此处为one of后接名词复数形式，表示“……的其中之一”，满足句意要求。故填countries。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：它也以美丽的世界遗产而闻名，确切地说是42处。分析句子可知，此外动词短语be famous for“因……而出名”。故填for。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：它有着令人惊叹的历史，并以其美丽的建筑而闻名。由空后beautiful architecture名词短语可知，此处为形容词性物主代词作定语修饰该名词短语。故填its。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：威尼斯到处都是艺术画廊。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be filled with“充满着”，满足句意要求，结合上下文时态可知，应为一般现在时，主语Venice为单数名词，所以be动词应用is，故填is filled。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：大运河是一条长长的运河，正好穿过城市。分析句子可知，此处为关系词引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词canal，指物，且关系代词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导定语从句。故填which/that。
第四部分　单句语法填空。 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分 10分)
46. What delighted the fans was that the young player performed ________ (extreme) well in the table tennis tournament. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】extremely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：令球迷们高兴的是，这位年轻运动员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得非常出色。分析句子可知，此处修饰副词well，应用副词extremely，作状语。故填extremely。
47. Taking ________ (responsible) for something that went wrong is a mark of great maturity (成熟). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】responsibility
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：对出错的事情负责是非常成熟的标志。提示词作宾语，用名词responsibility，意为“ 责任；负责”，句中表抽象概念，是不可数名词。故填responsibility。
48. The visitors here are greatly ________ (impress) by the fact that people from all walks of life are working hard for new Jiangsu. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】impressed
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：各界人士为新江苏的建设付出了巨大的努力，这给来宾留下了深刻的印象。分析句子，设空应为过去分词，和主语之间是是被动关系，和前面的are构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填impressed。
49. But family ________ (expert) warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】experts
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：但家庭专家警告说，新的平等也会导致对父母的尊重减少。分析句子，设空处使用名词作主语，此处表示复数意义。故填experts。
50. By taking control ________ how you spend your time, you will increase your chances of becoming a more successful student. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：通过控制你如何支配你的时间，你将增加你成为一个更成功的学生的机会。分析句子，句中take control of为固定短语，意为“控制”。故填of。