专题28 短文填空 考点4 杂糅型填空-2023年中考英语真题分项汇编（全国通用）

中考真题英语分项汇编

专题12 短文填空 考点4 杂糅型填空（第01期）

（2023·重庆·统考中考真题）

根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。

After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink up a glass of cold water. When the water travels down your throat, you will     1     so good. However, you are often told not to do so. Is drinking     2     water really unhealthy?

Cold water is said to slow down a person’s digestion(消化). Having cold water or a cold drink makes your body’s temperature l    3    . Cold water causes your blood vessels (血管) to become narrower (更狭窄的). So, the body needs to burn energy to bring your     4     back to normal. At the same time, less energy is used for digestion.

Think of your digestive system as a burning pot. If someone suddenly poured cold water into this pot what would     5    ? Doing this would be dangerous. Similarly, when you drink cold water while eating, it is     6     adding water to a burning pot. Of course, it isn’t that bad, but it is a good way to explain why drinking cold water during meals maybe a bad idea.     7     you cannot control your urge(冲动) to do so, drinking water at room temperature is a better choice.

Traditional Chinese medicine suggests trying to avoid drinking cold water. And modern studies in Europe point out drinking cold water causes headaches. Scientists are doing more research on this. Maybe in the future t    8     can give us more helpful information.

【答案】1．feel    2．cold    3．(l)ow

    4．temperature     5．happen    6．like    7．If    8．(t)echnology

【导语】本文主要介绍了经常性饮用冷水对身体所产生的不良影响。

1．句意：当水顺着你的喉咙流下来时，你会感觉很好。根据“After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink up a glass of cold water.”可知很多人运动后，要做的第一件事就是喝一杯冷水，因为水顺着喉咙流下来时，会感觉很好，feel“感觉”，动词，will后用动词原形，故填feel。

2．句意：喝冷水真的不健康吗？根据下文“Cold water is said to slowdown a person’s digestion(消化).”可知是指冷水，应用cold water，故填cold。

3．句意：喝冷水或冷饮会使你的体温降低。根据“Having cold water or a cold drink makes your body’s temperature l...”可知喝冷水会降低体温，low“降低”，动词。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，故填(l)ow。

4．句意：所以，身体需要燃烧能量来使你的体温恢复正常。根据“So, the body needs to burn energy to bring your...back to normal”可知喝冷水后身体需要燃烧能量来使你的体温恢复正常，此处应填名词temperature“温度”。故填temperature 。

5．句意：把你的消化系统想象成一个燃烧的锅，如果有人突然往锅里倒冷水，会发生什么？根据“If someone suddenly poured cold water into this pot what would...”可知是指如果向燃烧的热锅里倒冷水会发生什么，happen“发生”，动词，would后加动词原形，故填happen。

6．句意：同样，当你在吃饭的时候喝冷水，就像在烧着的锅里加水一样。根据“when you drink cold water while eating, it is...adding water to a burning pot”可知此处是作比喻，在吃饭的时候喝冷水就像在烧着的锅里加水。like“像”，介词，故填like。

7．句意：如果你无法控制自己想要喝水的冲动，那么在室温下喝水是更好的选择。根据“you cannot control your urge(冲动) to do so, drinking water at room temperature is a better choice.”可知前句是后句的条件，应用if引导条件状语从句，故填If。

8．句意：也许在未来技术可以给我们更多有用的信息。根据“Scientists are doing more research on this. Maybe in the future t...can give us more helpful information.”可知科学家们正在对此进行更多的研究。说明未来技术也许可以给我们更多有用的信息。technology“科技”符合语境，故填(t)echnology。

（2023·湖北荆州·统考中考真题）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或根据括号内单词的正确形式填空(1—3个单词)或根据音标填词。

The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. Of all the legends (传说) about it,    9    (famous) one is about Qu Yuan. Qu was a poet of the State of Chu. He was very faithful to his state. When he realized that his state was becoming weaker    10    weaker, he felt heartbroken. On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month in 278 BC, Qu threw    11    (he) into the Miluo River and died for his homeland. People who lived near the river rushed into their boats   12    (search) for him. They threw zongzi and other food into the river to keep fish    13    eating Qu’s body.

To remember Qu, the    14    /'kʌstəmz/ of holding dragon boat races and throwing zongzi into the river on that day were passed down, and the holiday was    15    (name) “Dragon Boat Festival.” In 2009, the Dragon Boat Festival became China’s    16    (one) festival to be recognized as one of the world’s intangible cultural heritages(非物质文化遗产).

In Qu’s hometown, a dragon boat race is    17    (real) welcomed every year during the festival. Dragon boat racing, in fact, has developed from a local activity into    18     international sporting event. China’s dragon boats have “rowed” throughout the world.

【答案】

9．the most famous    10．and    11．himself    12．to search    13．from    14．customs    15．named    16．first    17．really    18．an

【导语】本文主要讲述了有关屈原的传说，以及端午节的习俗。

9．句意：在所有关于它的传说中，最著名的是关于屈原的。根据“Of all the legends (传说) about it”可知，三者以上的比较要用最高级，且形容词最高级前要加the，故填the most famous。

10．句意：当他意识到他的国家越来越弱时，他感到很伤心。根据“weaker… weaker”可知，此处是比较级and比较级的结构，表示“越来越……”，故填and。

11．句意：公元前278年农历五月初五，屈原投汨罗江自尽，为祖国而死。根据“Qu threw…into the Miluo River”可知，他自己投江自尽了，此空应填反身代词himself，故填himself。

12．句意：住在河边的人急忙乘船寻找他。根据“rushed into their boats… for him”可知，乘船的目的是为了寻找他，用动词不定式表目的，故填to search。

13．句意：他们把粽子和其他食物扔进河里，以防止鱼吃屈原的尸体。根据“They threw zongzi and other food into the river to keep fish…eating Qu’s body”可知，往河里扔食物的目的是为了防止鱼吃屈原的尸体，keep…from“阻止”，故填from。

14．句意：为了纪念屈原，在这一天举行龙舟比赛和往河里扔粽子的习俗被流传下来，这个节日被命名为“端午节”。根据音标可知，此空应填复数形式customs“习俗”，故填customs。

15．句意：为了纪念屈原，在这一天举行龙舟比赛和往河里扔粽子的习俗被流传下来，这个节日被命名为“端午节”。根据“the holiday was … “Dragon Boat Festival.””可知，节日被命名为“端午节”，主语holiday与动词name之间是被动关系，此空应填过去分词，故填named。

16．句意：2009年，端午节成为中国第一个被认定为世界非物质文化遗产的节日。根据“became China’s… festival to be recognized as one of the world’s intangible cultural heritages”可知，此处指第一个被认定为世界非物质文化遗产的节日，用序数词first表示“第一”，序数词前有名词所有格，不用加the，故填first。

17．句意：在屈原的家乡，每年端午节都会举行龙舟比赛。此空修饰动词welcome，应填副词really，故填really。

18．句意：事实上，赛龙舟已经从一项地方性的活动发展成为一项国际性的体育赛事。此处表示泛指，且international是以元音音素开头的，故填an。

（2023·湖北宜昌·统考中考真题）

根据所给首字母、上下文或汉语提示完成空格中所缺单词，使短文完整通顺，语法正确，每个空只能填一个词。

I do believe the power of letters. There’s something    19   (特别的) about handwritten things. You write an email because there’s something you need to know. But you write a letter because there’s something you w   20    to say.

When I cleared my grandmother’s house, I found hundreds of letters and    21   (卡片) she had kept, and they told the story of her relationships. There were many letters from her mother. Sitting and reading them, I knew her well through the words.

Sometimes receiving a letter is such a big s   22   . When I was about 12 years old, my wise mum made me write letters to my relatives to improve my writing skills.     23    of them was my uncle. I only met him a few times when I was a very young c   24   . I wrote a long letter to tell him about my life.

I   25   (忘记) about this until I suddenly got a reply from him. “   26    happy to hear from you!” he said, and went on to tell me all about his life. He’d love to hear about what    27   (学科) at school I enjoyed. We have been much closer     28     writing letters.

It encouraged me to write to lots of other people in fact, and it’s something I still stick to this day. So, I'd encourage you to put pen to paper and see what will happen.

【答案】

19．special    20．(w)ant    21．cards    22．(s)urprise    23．One    24．(c)hild    25．forgot    26．How    27．subject/subjects/course/courses    28．by

【导语】本文介绍了作者认为写信的力量。

19．句意：手写东西有些特别的地方。special表示“特别的”，修饰不定代词后置。故填special。

20．句意：但是你写一封信，因为有一些你想说的事情。此空为谓语动词，want to do sth表示“想要做某事”。故填(w)ant。

21．句意：当我清理祖母的房子时，我发现了她保存的数百封信件和卡片，它们讲述了她的人际关系。and连接并列的名词复数，card表示“卡片”。故填cards。

22．句意：有时候，收到一封信是非常大的惊喜。a后接可数名词单数，surprise表示“惊喜”。故填(s)urprise。

23．句意：其中一个是我的叔叔。根据“of them was my uncle.”可知此处指众多人中的一个，one of表示“……之一”。故填One。

24．句意：我只有在是很小孩子的时候，遇到他几次。a后接可数名词单数，child表示“孩子”。故填(c)hild。

25．句意：我忘记了这些，直到我突然收到来自他的回复。forget表示“忘记”，根据“until I suddenly got a reply from him.”可知描述过去的事，用一般过去时。forget过去式为forgot。故填forgot。

26．句意：非常高兴收到你的来信！根据标点可知，此句是感叹句，中心词happy是形容词，用How引导。故填How。

27．句意：他想要听说我在学校喜欢什么学科。subject/course表示“学科”，此处可以用单数或者复数。故填subject/subjects/course/courses。

28．句意：我们通过写信变得更亲密了。根据“ writing letters.”可知此处指通过某种方式，用介词by。故填by。

（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）

阅读下面短文，根据上下文、所给首字母或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词。每个空只能填一个单词。

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is used to help people keep the balance of yin and yang. But have you ever imagined that one day you can learn herb (药草) planting and TCM courses at school?

A primary school in Nanjing has just    29    (open) a herb farm. More than 30 herbs are planted. Students there are g   30   by doctors from a TCM hospital to tell different herbs and learn plant development, medicinal value as well as    31    (grow) herbs. The hospital has also donated over 100 cartoon books about TCM to help draw children’s a   32    in herbal medicine.

Another middle school has i   33    TCM courses to students of all grades. These courses c   34    a basic knowledge of herbs, herb planting and cooking with herbs. They give students a deeper understanding of TCM, bringing out their sense of p   35    in Chinese traditions and the country’s rich culture.

Also in Shanghai, Tongji University has provided foreign students    36    some chances to plant different kinds of herbs    37    (wide) used in Chinese medicine and cooking. By taking care of the plants, foreign students can get first-hand experience of making herbal medicine from start to finish, and spread TCM culture to their o    38     countries.

The herb planting courses at schools and universities across China get students close to TCM and help pass on the tradition.

【答案】

29．opened    30．(g)uided    31．growing    32．(a)ttention    33．(i)ntroduced    34．(c)over    35．(p)ride    36．with    37．widely    38．(o)wn

【导语】本文主要介绍了现在学校提供中医课程，希望能够传播中医。

29．句意：南京的一所小学刚刚开办了一个草药农场。open“开设”，此处用过去分词和助动词has构成现在完成时。故填opened。

30．句意：那里的学生在中医医院的医生的指导下讲述不同的草药，学习植物发育、药用价值以及种植草药。根据“by doctors...”可知是由医生指导，guide“指导”，此处用过去分词和be动词构成被动语态。故填(g)uided。

31．句意：那里的学生在中医医院的医生的指导下讲述不同的草药，学习植物发育、药用价值以及种植草药。as well as后加动名词growing“种植”。故填growing。

32．句意：医院还捐赠了100多本关于中医的漫画书，以吸引儿童对草药的关注。根据“draw children’s...in herbal medicine”可知是吸引孩子对于草药的关注，attention“关注，注意”。故填(a)ttention。

33．句意：另一所中学为所有年级的学生开设了中医课程。根据“TCM courses to students”可知是把中医课程介绍给学生，introduce“介绍”，此处用过去分词和be动词构成被动语态。故填(i)ntroduced。

34．句意：这些课程涵盖了草药、草药种植和草药烹饪的基本知识。根据“a basic knowledge...”可知这些课程包括中医的基本知识，cover“包括，覆盖”，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，动词用原形。故填(c)over。

35．句意：他们让学生对中医有了更深入的了解，展现了他们对中国传统和丰富文化的自豪感。根据“in Chinese traditions and the country’s rich culture”可知学习中医可以展现他们对中国文化的自豪感，pride“自豪”。故填(p)ride。

36．句意：同样在上海，同济大学为外国学生提供了广泛种植各种草药的机会用于中药和烹饪。provide sb. with sth.“为某人提供某物”。故填with。

37．句意：通过照顾植物，外国学生可以获得从始至终制作草药的第一手经验，并将中医文化传播到自己的国家。此处修饰动词used用副词widely“广泛地”。故填widely。

38．句意：通过照顾植物，外国学生可以获得从始至终制作草药的第一手经验，并将中医文化传播到自己的国家。根据“foreign students...spread TCM culture to their...countries”可知外国学生把中医传播到他们自己的国家，own“自己的”。故填(o)wn。

（2023·重庆·统考中考真题）

根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺，并将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。

Many successful people follow a similar routine (常规). This helps them make the best use of their days. This also helps sleep well at night. One of the most important things successful people do is to get ready for the next day the night before. Let’s see     39     they do that.

Learn to relax

Successful people say it is important to relax. Some enjoy listening to music, w    40     others like taking a bath before going to bed. Studies show that a 15-minute bath an hour or two before bedtime helps them sleep better. Sleeping well tonight means a good day tomorrow.

Put the phone down

Studies show that the blue light from a phone is bad for our sleep. Successful people c    41     their phone use. They don’t sleep with their phones nearby. They put phones away an hour     42     bedtime and they use an alarm clock to wake up.

Think about today

Before sleep, it helps to think about the day. Many     43     people think about the good things from the day. This helps them to learn and to change. It also     44     them to make a plan for a good (perhaps even better) day tomorrow.

Make a     45   

Many successful people make plans for their activities the next day. It helps them sleep well. This is important because sleeping b    46     sometimes makes everything seem worse the next day. Making plans also helps them wake up relaxed, happy and ready for the new day.

【答案】39．how    40．(w)hile    41．(c)ontrol    42．before    43．successful    44．helps/encourages    45．plan    46．(b)adly

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍成功人士的一些习惯。

39．句意：让我们看看他们是怎么做的。根据“Let’s see...they do that.”和后文介绍可知，是介绍方法，how“如何”符合语境。故填how。

40．句意：一些人喜欢听音乐，而另一些人喜欢在睡觉前洗个澡。根据“Some enjoy listening to music, w...others like taking a bath before going to bed.”可知，前后构成对比关系，while“然而”符合语境，故填(w)hile。

41．句意：成功人士会控制手机的使用。根据“Successful people c...their phone use. They don’t sleep with their phones nearby.”可知，成功人士会控制手机的使用，control“控制”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(c)ontrol。

42．句意：他们在睡觉前一小时把手机收起来，用闹钟叫醒自己。根据“They put phones away an hour...bedtime”可知，他们在睡觉前一小时把手机收起来，before“在……之前”符合语境。故填before。

43．句意：许多成功的人都会想到一天中美好的事情。根据“Many...people think about the good things from the day.”和全文内容可知，谈论成功人士，successful“成功的”，作定语修饰people。故填successful。

44．句意：这也能帮助/鼓励他们为美好的（甚至更好的）明天做一个计划。根据“It also...them to make a plan for a good (perhaps even better) day tomorrow.”可知，回顾一天可以帮助/鼓励为明天做一个计划，help“帮助”/encourage“鼓励”，时态是一般现在时，主语是It，动词用三单。故填helps/encourages。

45．句意：制定一个计划 根据“Many successful people make plans for their activities the next day.”可知，本段建议制定一个计划，plan“计划”，a修饰可数名词单数。故填plan。

46．句意：这一点很重要，因为睡眠不好有时会让第二天的事情看起来更糟。根据“This is important because sleeping b...sometimes makes everything seem worse the next day.”可知，睡眠不好有时会让第二天的事情看起来更糟，用副词badly修饰动词。故填(b)adly。

（2023·湖南衡阳·统考中考真题）

根据所给汉语或英文首字母写出短文中所缺英语单词。

My sister finished high school two weeks ago. As a special g   47   , our parents took us to India. Last weekend was interesting but scary.

We went camping in a small village in India. First, we took a long bus ride to a lake in the countryside. There we    48    up (搭起) our tents and made a fire to keep us warm and cook food on. On the first night, we just sat u   49    the moon and told each other stories. But I was so tired that I went to sleep early.

The next morning, my sister and I got a terrible surprise. When we looked out of our tent, we found a big snake sleeping near the fire. I was so scared that I couldn’t move. We shouted to our parents to let them know about the danger. My dad started to jump up and down in their tent. This woke the snake up and it moved into the    50    (森林) near the lake. My dad told me later that snakes don’t have ears but can feel things moving. He also told me it was important not to go near a snake. This was a very    51    (有用的) lesson for me.

【答案】47．(g)ift    48．put    49．(u)nder    50．forest    51．useful

【导语】本文介绍了作者和家人去印度度假既有趣又可怕的经历。

47．句意：作为一份特殊的礼物，我们的父母带我们去了印度。根据“My sister finished high school two weeks ago.”可知姐姐两周前高中毕业了，结合首字母可知父母带作者他们去了印度，这是一个特别的礼物，gift“礼物”，名词，被a修饰，应用单数，故填(g)ift。

48．句意：我们在那里搭起帐篷，生起火来取暖和做饭。put up“搭建”，为固定短语，根据“made”可知本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填put。

49．句意：第一天晚上，我们坐在月光下，互相讲故事。根据“we just sat u...the moon”可知是指坐在月光下，应用介词under，故填(u)nder。

50．句意：这把蛇吵醒了，它爬进了湖边的森林里。forest“森林”，名词。故填forest。

51．句意：这对我来说是非常有用的一课。useful“有用的”，形容词作定语，故填useful。