【题型专项】人教版英语九年级全册 语法专项复习——介词（含答案）学案

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语法专项复习——介词

【Get ready before class】

知识点总结

1.  介词不能单独作句子的成分，而是用来表示名词或代词等和句中其他词之间的关系，通常放在名词或代词之前，构成介词短语。根据结构，介词主要分成四种：

（1）简单介词：about, across, after, against, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beside, but, by, down, during, for, from, in, of, on, over, near, round, since, to, under, up, with等等。

（2）合成介词：inside, into, outside, throughout, upon, without, within

（3）短语介词：according to, along with, apart from, because of, in front of, in spite of, instead of, owing to, up to,

（4）分词介词：considering, regarding, including, concerning

2. 从意思上考虑，介词可分为下面三类：

（1）引导时间短语的介词：at, on, in, during, before, after, over, from, following, by, till, until, towards, for, throughout, upon, since, pending(直到，在等待……期间), all through, prior to

（2）引导地点状语的介词：

in, at, across, to, down, under, near, between, over, from, into, through, onto, off, outside, out of, inside, within, beside, behind, below, among, beyond, against, around, before, up, ahead of, via, in front of, under, along, past, opposite, above, next to

（3）引导其他短语的介词：

by, with, about, except, like, of, according to, instead of, without, in, due to, because of, along with, as for, in spite of, on account of, owing to, on behalf of, against, apart from, for, failing, plus, including

3. 介词短语在句子中的作用

（1）用作状语：介词短语表示时间、地点、方式和原因等。如：

Class begins at half past seven. (时间) 7时半开始上课。

His parents work on a farm. (地点) 他父母在农场工作。

She came here by train. (方式) 她乘火车来这里。

You don’t have to worry about that. (原因) 你不必为那件事担心。

（2）用作定语

作定语用的介词短语应放在所修饰的名词之后。如：

The book on the desk is very interesting. 书桌上的那本书很有趣。

The young man from Guilin is my uncle. 从桂林来的那位年轻人是我叔叔。

We visited the museum in the center of the city. 我们参观了市中心的博物馆。

（3）用作表语

在系动词后的介词短语用作表语。如：

My father was in the army two years ago. 两年前我父亲在部队。

This book will be of great use to you. 这本书对你会有很大的用处。

4. 常用介词的用法

英语介词并不很多，但其用法灵活多样。掌握常用介词的用法及常见的介词搭配，是学习英语的重点和难点。

5.简单介词和复合介词：

（1）about (关于，大约)：a book about animals 一本关于动物的书

（2）above (在……上面)：

a map above the blackboard 黑板上方的一张地图，above all 首要的是

（3）across (穿过，跨过)：a bridge across the river 跨过河的一座桥

（4）after (在……之后)：after breakfast 早饭后，after school 放学后，after class 课后

（5）against (反对)：play against them 跟他们比赛。

（6）along (沿着)：plant trees along the lake 沿着湖边植树。

（7）among(在……之中)：among the workers 在工人们中间，among the trees 在树丛中

（8）at (在)：at home在家，at school 在学校，at work 在工作

（9）before (在……之前)：before class 课前，before lunch 午饭前

（10）behind (在……后面)：behind the house 在房子后面，behind the door 在门后

（11）near (在……附近)：near the river 在河边，stand near the door 站在门旁

（12）into (在……里)：come into the classroom 进入教室，fall into the water 掉进水里

（13）in (在……内，用，戴)：in English 用英语，in a hat 戴帽子，in front of 在……前面，in line 排成一行，in the end 最后，in the open air 在野外，in a minute立刻，in surprise 惊奇地，in time及时，in trouble 处在困难中

（14）from (从)：from Monday to Friday 从星期一到星期五，from now on 从今以后

（15）for (为，给)：buy some food for lunch 买些午餐的食物，for example 例如，for long 长久

（16) except (除……之外)：everyone except Lin Tao 除林涛之外的每个人，every day except Sunday 除星期天之外的每天

（17）by (乘，在，由，到)：

by plane 乘飞机，by the way顺便说，by then 到那时，by the window 在窗边

（18）between (在两者之间)：

between the two children 在两个孩子之间，between A and B 在A 和B之间

（19）without(没有)：go out without a coat 没穿上衣服就走出去

（20）until =till (直到……为止)：

stay in bed until tomorrow 卧床直到明天，wait until ten o’clock 等到10点钟为止

【Enjoy the class】

Activity1：预习反馈

Activity2：实战演练

（   ）1.Our teachers are getting on well _____us. We all like them.  

A. for   B. with   C. in   D. about

（   ）2.－Grandma, let me help you.    －It’s really nice _____you.

A. for    B. to    C. of    D. off

（   ）3. My sister usually thinks __ her own language first. Then she turns her words into English.

A. in     B. by   C. with   D. through

（   ）4. She sent her friend a postcard ____a birthday present.

A. on     B. of   C. for    D. as

（   ）5. The engineer will return from Macao ____ a few days.

A. since   B. in   C. on    D. after

（   ）6. After class, I like playing computer games and chatting _____my friends _____the Internet.

A. to; by   B. with; on   C. for; in   D. about; through

（   ）7.—How do you learn English?  —I learn _____watching English-languages videos.

A. to      B. of         C. by     D. at

（   ）8. Some journalists went to Germany to work for the World Cup ______ June 2nd.

A. on      B. in         C. at      D. with

（   ）9. Bob goes to the Children’s Palace every day __Sunday. Every Sunday he helps at the Old People’s Home.

A. on   B. in         C. during    D. except

（   ）10.－What would you do _____the lost library book? 

－I would try to find it or pay     it.

A. about; for   B. on, for   C. with, for   D.in, for

【答案】

【Enjoy the class】

Activity2：

1. B

2. C

3. A

4. D

5. B

6. B

7. C

8. A

9. D

10. A