英语-焦作市博爱一中2022-2023学年高三下学期开学考试-英语试题

焦作市博爱一中2022-2023学年高三下学期开学考试

英     语

注意事项：

1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并认真核准准考证号条形码上的以上信息，将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。

4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What does Sam usually order?

A. Coffee. B. Beer. C. Wine.

2. What kind of film does the woman want to watch?

A. Comedy. B. Action. C. Drama.

3. What is the man's job probably?

A. A doctor. B. A car mechanic. C. A police officer.

4. Why couldn't the man understand the woman's aunt?

A. She speaks in sign language.

B. She speaks with an odd accent.

C. She speaks a different language

5. What should the man's son do according to the woman?

A. Become a member of a club.

B. Spend more time studying.

C. Take pictures of his friends.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Where is the man working?

A. In a zoo. B. In a library. C. In a computer company.

7. How did the man find the information about his present job?

A. On the Internet. B. From his friend. C. Through an agency.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. How does the woman feel?

A. Jealous. B. Delighted. C. Disappointed.

9. What is the woman going to do this evening?

A. Play bowling. B. Stay at home. C. Go to the theater.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. What does the woman advise the man to do?

A. Take a bath. B. Wash his clothes. C. Join a football team.

11. Which sport did the man play?

A. Rugby. B. Football. C. Table tennis.

12. What is the weather like today?

A. Rainy. B. Windy. C. Snowy.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. What makes the film unique to the woman?

A. It is the woman's first time producing.

B. There is only one man in the movie.

C. It has great special effects

14. What type of film is the woman starring in?

A. An action film.  B. A romantic comedy.

C. A science-fiction film.

15. When will the film be out in the UK?

A. On 21st December. B. On 14th December.

C. On 7th December.

16. What is the man probably?

A. A producer. B. A comedian. C. A host.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What is Nike launching?

A. A new bag.  B. A new pair of shoes.

C. A new line of sportswear.

18. Why does Nike release the new product?

A. To increase profits. B. To improve quality.

C. To be environmentally friendly.

19. How much water can be saved in Nike's manufacturing process?

A. 10%. B. 50%. C. 100%.

20. What is the speaker's attitude towards Nike?

A. Cautious. B. Confident. C. Anxious.

第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Robot science fiction has long been a favorite for readers. If you want to check out any of these titles for free, you can do so with Audible's one-month free trial. Click here to download Audible's app to try for $0.00.

I, Robot

The author of I, Robot, Isaac Asimov, is an indisputable giant within the world of robot science fiction due to his creation of the three laws of robotics. I, Robot is a landmark work of robot sci-fi which explores every facet of robots and their place in the world of humans, from their conception through to their possible replacement of humanity.

Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?

Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? is an absolute landmark work of robot science fiction and has gained even greater recognition due to being made into the classic motion picture Blade Runner. The story's hero is tasked with hunting down sentient robots that have gone immoral.

The Night Sessions

The Night Sessions by Ken MacLeod envisions a world in which religions and those who believe in them have been pushed to the edge of society. This is also a world populated by sentient robots that sometimes help humanity but are often shunned by their very creators.

Sea of Rust

Sea of Rust is set in a future world in which humanity has been totally wiped out by an unimaginably powerful artificial intelligence system and the robots it has at its command. In this world without mankind, the two most powerful artificial intelligence systems fight for control. It is both a tight story of survival and an optimistic adventure.

21. Which book has become more popular after being made into a movie?

A. I, Robot

B. Sea of Rust

C. The Night Sessions

D. Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?

22. What can we learn about Sea of Rust?

A. It is a story of human survival.

B. It is set in a world full of robots.

C. It is about a harmonious world without mankind.

D. It's about robots and humans fighting for control.

23. Where is the text probably taken from?

A. A website.

B. A newspaper.

C. A book review.

D. A journal of literary criticism.

B

Karambelas, a junior at Mira Costa High School in Manhattan Beach, started a Permaculture（永续栽培）Club at school this year to make her fellow students more aware of ways to grow food "in harmony with nature", and chose the aquaponics（鱼菜共生）project as a way to promote the message.

With Garcia's help, they completed the project on a weekend, building a handsome two-tiered, 4-by-8-foot redwood structure in one of the school's courtyards that would easily fit in a front yard, a patio（露台）or even a balcony.

Many of the materials were donated, Karambelas said, but it would have cost her about $1,500 to build the structure at full price. The materials included 26 redwood boards, pond liners, Arglite Smart Gravel-lightweight nuggets made from recycled food-safe plastics-PVC pipes, 40 small goldfish and an Oase AquaMax Eco Classic 3600 pump, which Garcia recommended because of its low energy use.

The lower box is covered with a pond liner, filled with water and the little fish. Garcia helped install the pump, which pushes the water from the fish tier to the vegetables planted in Smart Gravel above. The constantly recycling water drenches （使湿透）the planting boxes, and the run-off drips back into the fish tank, keeping the water aerated（使透气）.

Students' response has been positive, Karambelas said, and she's hoping the project can create enough interest to attract more members to her new club next year.

24. What did the aquaponics project aim to show?

A. Humans rely on nature for food.

B. Food should be grown in an organic way.

C. Students should show more interest in nature.

D. Creative ways should be applied in agriculture.

25. Which aspect might Karambelas focus on when selecting the materials of the tank?

A. How much they cost.

B. Where they are from.

C. What they are made of.

D. Whether they are environmentally friendly

26. What can be inferred about the project?

A. The project made full use of water.

B. Garcia built the project on her own.

C. The material cost Garcia about $1,500.

D. The tank can produce water automatically.

27. What does Karambelas expect to get from the project?

A. More club members.                     B. Much financial support.

C. Chances of being famous. D. Knowledge about nature.

C

Ten years ago, liberal arts majors were a hot proposition, but according to a recent report, engineering and science majors are more favored by Chinese university students nowadays.

The shift has happened since the country set its sights on growth powered by technological breakthroughs and high-end manufacturing.

The popularity of engineering has also been reflected in the annual adjustment of university majors by the Ministry of Education.

Since the ministry approved the establishment of AI-related undergraduate majors in 2018,440 universities now offer them. When 180 universities set up AI majors in 2019, they became the top new majors of the year. Many engineering majors are associated with terms like "intelligent" and "smart", with technological and scientific innovation in mind.

Financial and management majors were previously popular due to the capital's role in driving social and economic progress. Rising geopolitical tensions have encouraged the turn toward engineering, as China has realized that technology will be the fundamental engine of future growth, and so engineering and science majors have become the most popular. More importantly, there are still many weak links and bottlenecks in China's technological development, which require more talent to solve.

The development of AI in China still has a long way to go, so students are obliged to study properly and contribute to the sector's rapid development.

A senior researcher said that students need to be more objective about popular majors as the demand for them might change based on societal demand and employment prospects. When choosing a major, they should focus more on their strengths and passions, he said, adding that if they pursue a popular major in which they are not interested, they will not learn professionally and will still find it hard to get a good job.

28. Why has engineering become popular recently?

A. Liberal arts majors are less popular.

B. Chinese universities favor engineering majors.

C. China has aimed at developing high-end manufacturing

D. The Ministry of Education makes adjustments annually

29. How did the author explain the popularity of AI-related majors among the universities?

A. By listing the numbers. B. By making experiments.

C. By giving a description. D. By making a discussion.

30. Which is the most important factor to stimulate China to develop technology?

A. The capital's role in the progress.

B. Rising geopolitical tensions.

C. Many weak links and bottlenecks.

D. Societal rapid development.

31. Which option may the senior researcher agree with?

A. Engineering leads to good jobs.

B. Choosing a major depends on its popularity.

C. People must follow the crowd.

D. Interest is the best teacher.

D

American researchers say the thought that machines could take over the world is becoming an increasing reality, rather than the nightmarish plot of a sci-fi horror movie. Now, they are fueling workplace worry, with some employees reportedly sabotaging（暗中破坏）and even attacking their robot replacements.

However, psychologists think that reminding ourselves of our humanity could help alleviate irrational（不合理的）fears about machines replacing people in the workplace. It involves repeating positive statements used to promote confidence and belief in your own uniquely human abilities. These statements help shift focus away from perceived failures or inadequacies and onto a worker's strengths-those you already have and those you want to develop.

Lead author Professor Kai Chi Yam says in a media release, "Some economists theorize that robots are more likely to take over blue-collar jobs faster than white-collar jobs. However, it doesn't look like robots are taking over that many jobs yet, at least not in America, so a lot of these fears are rather subjective.

Yam's team carried out tests and analyzed data from participants in the U.S., Singapore, and India. In one experiment, working with industrial robots fueled stress and unrest among 118 engineers employed by an auto manufacturing company in India. An online survey of 400 participants found self-affirmation exercises reduced feelings of hopelessness. The workers then wrote about characteristics or values that were important to them. "Most people are overestimating the capabilities of robots and underestimating their own capabilities, "Yam says.

While some individuals may have legitimate concerns, media coverage may be unnecessarily heightening fears among the general public. "Media reports on new technologies like robots and algorithms tend to be apocalyptic（毁灭性的）in nature, so people may develop an irrational fear about them," Yam concludes.

32. Why do people hate robots in workplace?

A. They are attacked by robots.

B. They feel threatened by robots.

C. Robots appear in sci-fi horror movies.

D. Robots take charge of their workplace.

33. What can positive statements do to workers according to Paragraph 2?

A. Remove all their fears and horrors.

B. Remind them of their advantages.

C. Help them focus better on their work.

D. Rid them of failures and inadequacies.

34. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

A. White-collar jobs won't be replaced.

B. There are too many robots in the U.S.

C. Worries about robots are not justified.

D. Robots have taken the place of labor.

35. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A. One of factors fueling people's worries.

B. Other irrational fears of general public.

C. The media's attitude toward robots.

D. The nature of robots and algorithms.

第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

More and more research is showing that the key to lifelong good health is what experts call "lifestyle medicine"-making simple changes in diet, exercise, and stress management. To help you turn that knowledge into results, we've put together this manageable list of health and wellness tips to keep healthy.

Give yourself a break

"I spend countless hours doing cardio（健心运动）and never seem to lose that last ten pounds!" is a common complaint I hear from clients. Give yourself permission to shorten your workouts. 36 _____.Your body can plateau（处于停滞状态）if not given adequate rest to restore itself, ultimately leading to a decline in performance. Breaking down your routine into various training modes can help prevent overtraining. 37._____

Think small

38._____.If you have a can of soda at lunchtime every day, have a glass of water two days a week instead. Starting with small, painless changes helps establish the mentality that healthy changes are not necessarily painful changes. It's easy to build from here by adding more healthy substitutions.

39._____

You can do all the right things-but if you have personal relationships with people who have unhealthy habits, it is often a hard battle. 40._____.Get your family or friends involved with you when you walk or plan healthier meals. Making healthy changes with a loved one can bring you closer together and motivate you.

A. Keep good company
B. Get rid of unhealthy habits
C. Doing so gives your workouts a new purpose
D. Believe it or not, overtraining could be the problem
E. You can also help balance your program by simply incorporating more variety
F. The healthiest people are those who have relationships with other healthy people
G. Try to focus first on one small unhealthy habit and turn it into a healthy, positive habit

第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)

第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Nan Hauser is a marine（海洋的）biologist. Last week, Hauser was   41   near her ship when she spotted that an enormous figure   42  . It wasn't long before Hauser   43   him—a humpback whale（座头鲸）.   44   with such creatures, she was unafraid and planned to continue her leisure activity.

In the   45   of the animals, Hauser doesn't touch her whale subjects   46   they're ill or in danger. However, on that day, it was the whale who   47   contact. "Instead of swimming past, he didn't   48   coming towards me until I was on his head..."she recalls. The whale rolled around and even pushed her several times. Hauser started losing her   49  . Humpback whales aren't dangerous animals, but any animal that big could   50   harm humans.

With efforts and experience, Hauser   51   to get away from the whale and out of the water finally. When she looked out to the distant water on her ship, a very   52   scene came into sight：miles away was swimming a huge tiger shark. Hauser   53   what was going on immediately. Far from making an   54   the whale was trying to rescue her.

"I've spent 28 years protecting whales, but never heard of such a thing. The experience makes me more   55   to be a guardian，"Hauser says.

41. A. exploring  B. resting  C. observing  D. diving

42. A. passed  B. hurt  C. approached  D. waited

43. A. assisted  B. recognized  C. followed  D. ignored

44. A. Familiar  B. Pleased  C. Patient  D. Busy

45. A. eyes  B. interests  C. hope  D. absence

46. A. since  B. while  C. unless  D. if

47. A. demanded  B. avoided  C. agreed  D. initiated

48. A. consider  B. stop  C. risk  D. continue

49. A. direction  B. device  C. calmness  D. opportunity

50. A. unintentionally   B. irregularly          C. naturally  D. suddenly

51. A. expected  B. promised  C. pretended  D. managed

52. A. rare  B. alarming  C. strange  D. vivid

53. A. figured out  B. held back  C. set aside  D. thought through

54. A. attempt  B. example  C. attack  D. entrance

55. A. cautious         B. qualified           C. grateful         D. determined

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Bamboo weaving(编织) is a time-honored skill of weaving long and thin pieces of bamboo into various items by hand, 56_____ has been passed down from generation to generation.

Fu Yelin, a58-year-old resident of Maoba Township and a skilled craftsman(手艺人), 57_____ (be) inseparable from bamboo weaving since he was 12."Back then, I 58_____ (use)to get cut during bamboo weaving, he says. It requires 59_____  (patient)to complete the work. After decades of practicing, Fu has equipped himself with the skill. Fu 60_____ (eventual) opened a store in 2003 in Yongshun's Furong Town, a place famous for its typical customs and natural scenery, to observe the aesthetic （审美的）trends in 61_____  (people) consumption of daily items.

"I want to conduct exchanges with bamboo weavers of different styles 62_____(widen) my vision and further train my skills, "he says, adding that he is confident about his own 63_____(create) ideas, and wants to expand the influence of bamboo weaving. Fu would like to teach more people to carry on 64_____  the craft. For Fu, bamboo weaving is not just a lifelong practice, 65_____  a reminder of who he is and where he was born.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

为了让学生近距离接近大自然，上周六你们班组织了一次春游踏青活动，请你写一篇文章报道此次活动，

内容包括：

1.具体的活动安排；

2.活动的意义；

3.你的感受。

注意：

1.词数不少于100字；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

 When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.

So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: "Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.

I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith(银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice.

What did the horse think, as the sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere’s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.

When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again." I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care.

注意:

1. 续写词数应为150个左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news.____________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation.________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________