2022-2023学年河南省焦作市博爱县第一中学高三下学期开学英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年河南省焦作市博爱县第一中学高三下学期开学英语试题含解析，文件包含河南省焦作市博爱县第一中学2022-2023学年高三下学期开学英语试题原卷版docx、河南省焦作市博爱县第一中学2022-2023学年高三下学期开学英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共44页， 欢迎下载使用。
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并认真核准准考证号条形码上的以上信息，将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑;非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答;字体工整，笔迹清楚。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 What des Sam usually rder?
A. Cffee. B. Beer. C. Wine.
2. What kind f film des the wman want t watch?
A. Cmedy. B. Actin. C. Drama.
3. What is the man’s jb prbably?
A. A dctr. B. A car mechanic. C. A plice fficer.
4. Why culdn’t the man understand the wman’s aunt?
A. She speaks in sign language.
B. She speaks with an dd accent.
C. She speaks a different language
5. What shuld the man’s sn d accrding t the wman?
A. Becme a member f a club.
B. Spend mre time studying.
C. Take pictures f his friends.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
6. Where is the man wrking?
A. In a z. B. In a library. C. In a cmputer cmpany.
7. Hw did the man find the infrmatin abut his present jb?
A. On the Internet. B. Frm his friend. C. Thrugh an agency.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
8. Hw des the wman feel?
A. Jealus. B. Delighted. C. Disappinted.
9. What is the wman ging t d this evening?
A. Play bwling. B. Stay at hme. C. G t the theater.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
10. What des the wman advise the man t d?
A. Take a bath. B. Wash his clthes. C. Jin a ftball team.
11. Which sprt did the man play?
A. Rugby. B. Ftball. C. Table tennis.
12. What is the weather like tday?
A Rainy. B. Windy. C. Snwy.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
13. What makes the film unique t the wman?
A. It is the wman’s first time prducing.
B. There is nly ne man in the mvie.
C. It has great special effects
14. What type f film is the wman starring in?
A. An actin film.
B. A rmantic cmedy.
C. A science-fictin film.
15. When will the film be ut in the UK?
A. On 21st December. B. On 14th December.
C. On 7th December.
16. What is the man prbably?
A. A prducer. B. A cmedian. C. A hst.
听下面一段独白，回答小题。
17. What is Nike launching?
A. A new bag.
B. A new pair f shes.
C. A new line f sprtswear.
18. Why des Nike release the new prduct?
A. T increase prfits.
B. T imprve quality.
C. T be envirnmentally friendly.
19. Hw much water can be saved in Nike’s manufacturing prcess?
A. 10%. B. 50%. C. 100%.
20. What is the speaker’s attitude twards Nike?
A. Cautius. B. Cnfident. C. Anxius.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Rbt science fictin has lng been a favrite fr readers. If yu want t check ut any f these titles fr free, yu can d s with Audible’s ne-mnth free trial. Click here t dwnlad Audible’s app t try fr $0.00.
I. Rbt
The authr f I, Rbt, Isaac Asimv, is an indisputable giant within the wrld f rbt science fictin due t his creatin f the three laws f rbtics. I, Rbt is a landmark wrk f rbt sci-fi which explres every facet f rbts and their place in the wrld f humans, frm their cnceptin thrugh t their pssible replacement f humanity.
D Andrids Dream f Electric Sheep?
D Andrids Dream f Electric Sheep? is an abslute landmark wrk f rbt science fictin and has gained even greater recgnitin due t being made int the classic mtin picture Blade Runner. The stry’s her is tasked with hunting dwn sentient rbts that have gne immral.
The Night Sessins
The Night Sessins by Ken MacLed envisins a wrld in which religins and thse wh believe in them have been pushed t the edge f sciety. This is als a wrld ppulated by sentient rbts that smetimes help humanity but are ften shunned by their very creatrs.
Sea f Rust
Sea f Rust is set in a future wrld in which humanity has been ttally wiped ut by an unimaginably pwerful artificial intelligence system and the rbts it has at its cmmand. In this wrld withut mankind, the tw mst pwerful artificial intelligence systems fight fr cntrl. It is bth a tight stry f survival and an ptimistic adventure.
1. Which bk has becme mre ppular after being made int a mvie?
A. I, RbtB. Sea f Rust
C. The Night SessinsD. D Andrids Dream f Electric Sheep?
2. What can we learn abut Sea f Rust?
A. It is a stry f human survival.
B. It is set in a wrld full f rbts.
C. It is abut a harmnius wrld withut mankind.
D. It’s abut rbts and humans fighting fr cntrl.
3. Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A. A website.B. A newspaper.
C. A bk review.D. A jurnal f literary criticism.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四部受读者喜爱的关于机器人的科幻小说。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“D Andrids Dream f Electric Sheep? ”部分中的“has gained even greater recgnitin due t being made int the classic mtin picture Blade Runner”（由于被拍成了经典电影《银翼杀手》而获得了更大的认可。）可知，《仿生人会梦见电子羊吗?》被改编成电影后变得更受欢迎。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Sea f Rust”部分中的“In this wrld withut mankind, the tw mst pwerful artificial intelligence systems fight fr cntrl. ”（在这个没有人类的世界里，两个最强大的人工智能系统在争夺控制权。）可知，这部小说的故事背景是一个满是机器人而没有人类的世界。故选B项。
3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Click here t dwnlad Audible’s app t try fr $0.00. ”（点击这里下载 Audible 的应用程序尝试0.00美元。）可推知，这篇文章可能摘自一个网站。故选A项。
B
Karambelas, a junir at Mira Csta High Schl in Manhattan Beach，started a Permaculture(永续栽培) Club at schl this year t make her fellw students mre aware f ways t grw fd “in harmny with nature”, and chse the aquapnics(鱼菜共生)prject as a way t prmte the message.
With Garcia’s help, they cmpleted the prject in a weekend, building a handsme tw-tiered, 4-by-8-ft redwd structure in ne f the schl’s curtyards that wuld easily fit in a frnt yard, a pati (露台)r even a balcny.
Many f the materials were dnated, Karambelas said, but it wuld have cst her abut $1,500 t build the structure at full price. The materials included 26 redwd bards, pnd liners, Arqlite Smart Gravel—lightweight nuggets made frm recycled fd-safe plastics—PVC pipes,40 small gldfish and an Oase AquaMax Ec Classic 3600 pump, which Garcia recmmended because f its lw energy use.
The lwer bx is cvered with a pnd liner, filled with water and the little fish. Garcia helped install the pump, which pushes the water frm the fish tier t the vegetables planted in Smart Gravel abve. The cnstantly recycling water drenches(使湿透)the planting bxes, and the run-ff drips back int the fish tank, keeping the water aerated(使透气).
Students’ respnse has been psitive, Karambelas said, and she’s hping the prject can create enugh interest t attract mre members t her new club next year.
4. What did the aquapnics prject aim t shw?
A. Human rely n nature fr fd.
B. Fd shuld be grwn in an rganic way.
C. Students shuld shw mre interest in nature.
D. Creative ways shuld be applied in agriculture.
5. Which aspect might Karambelas fcus n when selecting the materials f the tank?
A. Hw much they cst.
B. Where they are frm.
C. What they are made f.
D. Whether they are envirnmentally friendly.
6. What can be inferred abut the prject?
A. The prject made full use f water.
B. Garcia built the prject n her wn.
C. The material cst Garcia abut $1,500.
D. The tank can prduce water autmatically.
7. What des Karambelas expect t get frm the prject?
A. Mre club members.B. Much financial supprt.
C. Chances f being famus.D. Knwledge abut nature.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Karambelas在学校创办了永续栽培俱乐部，并实施了“鱼菜共生项目”，让她的同学们更加了解“与自然和谐共处”的食物种植方法。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Karambelas, a junir at Mira Csta High Schl in Manhattan Beach，started a Permaculture Club at schl this year t make her fellw students mre aware f ways t grw fd “in harmny with nature”, and chse the aquapnics prject as a way t prmte the message.”（Karambelas是曼哈顿海滩米拉科斯塔高中的一名大三学生，今年她在学校里成立了一个永续栽培俱乐部，让她的同学们更加意识到如何“与自然和谐相处”地种植食物，她选择了水培工程作为宣传这一信息的一种方式。）可知，Karambelas选择该项目是为了让她的同学们更加了解“与自然和谐共处”的食物种植方法，即食物应用有机的方式种植。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的关键表述“made frm recycled fd-safe plastics”（由回收的食品安全塑料制成的轻质块）和“because f its lw energy use”（因为它能耗低。）以及Karambelas创立俱乐部的初心可推知，她在选择材料时主要关注的是它们是否环保。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段多次出现的water和段落大意可知，下面的盒子上覆盖着池塘衬垫，里面装满了水和小鱼。加西亚帮助安装了水泵，水泵将水从下面的养鱼层推送到上面用智能砾石种植的蔬菜上。不断循环的水浸透种植箱，径流滴回鱼缸，使水充气含氧。由此可推断出，在整个过程中，水在不断循环使用，既保证植物有充足的水分，又让多余的水分充氧后回流至鱼缸，为小鱼供氧。故选A项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Students’ respnse has been psitive, Karambelas said, and she’s hping the prject can create enugh interest t attract mre members t her new club next year.”（Karambelas说，学生们的反应很积极，她希望这个项目能引起足够多的兴趣，明年吸引更多的成员加入她的新俱乐部。）可知，Karambelas希望该项目能激发学生们足够的兴趣，以便明年吸引更多俱乐部成员。故选A项。
C
Ten years ag, liberal arts majrs were a ht prpsitin, but accrding t a recent reprt, engineering and science majrs are mre favred by Chinese university students nwadays.
The shift has happened since the cuntry set its sights n grwth pwered by technlgical breakthrughs and high-end manufacturing.
The ppularity f engineering has als been reflected in the annual adjustment f university majrs by the Ministry f Educatin.
Since the ministry apprved the establishment f AI-related undergraduate majrs in 2018, 440 universities nw ffer them. When 180 universities set up AI majrs in 2019, they became the tp new majrs f the year. Many engineering majrs are assciated with terms like “intelligent” and “smart”, with technlgical and scientific innvatin in mind.
Financial and management majrs were previusly ppular due t the capital’s rle in driving scial and ecnmic prgress. Rising geplitical tensins have encuraged the turn tward engineering, as China has realized that technlgy will be the fundamental engine f future grwth, and s engineering and science majrs have becme the mst ppular. Mre imprtantly, there are still many weak links and bttlenecks in China’s technlgical develpment, which require mre talent t slve.
The develpment f AI in China still has a lng way t g, s students are bliged t study prperly and cntribute t the sectr’s rapid develpment.
A senir researcher said that students need t be mre bjective abut ppular majrs as the demand fr them might change based n scietal demand and emplyment prspects. When chsing a majr, they shuld fcus mre n their strengths and passins, he said, adding that if they pursue a ppular majr in which they are nt interested, they will nt learn prfessinally and will still find it hard t get a gd jb.
8. Why has engineering becme ppular recently?
A. Liberal arts majrs are less ppular.
B. Chinese universities favr engineering majrs.
C. China has have aimed at develping high-end manufacturing.
D. The Ministry f Educatin makes adjustments annually.
9. Hw did the authr explain the ppularity f AI-related majrs amng the universities?
A. By listing the numbers.B. By making experiments.
C. By giving a descriptin.D. By making a discussin.
10. Which is the mst imprtant factr t stimulate China t develp technlgy?
A. The capital’s rle in the prgress.B. Rising geplitical tensins.
C. Many weak links and bttlenecks.D. Scietal rapid develpment.
11. Which ptin may the senir researcher agree with?
A. Engineering leads t gd jbs.B. Chsing a majr depends n its ppularity.
C. Peple must fllw the crwd.D. Interest is the best teacher.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述近年来，中国大学的热门专业发生了变化，本文分析了出现这种变化的原因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段内容“The shift has happened since the cuntry set its sights n grwth pwered by technlgical breakthrughs and high-end manufacturing. (这种转变发生在该国将目光投向由技术突破和高端制造业推动的增长之后。)”可知，因为中国力求发展高端制造业，所以工程学专业最近变得受欢迎。选项A说文科是冷门专业，选项B说中国大学支持工程学专业，选项D说教育部每年调整专业，这些都是因工程学变得热门而产生的现象，不是工程学热门的原因，所以其他三个选项都是不正确的。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Since the ministry apprved the establishment f AI-related undergraduate majrs in 2018, 440 universities nw ffer them. When 180 universities set up AI majrs in 2019, they became the tp new majrs f the year.(自2018年教育部批准设立人工智能相关本科专业以来，目前有440所大学开设了该专业。2019年，180所大学开设了人工智能专业，成为当年最热门的新专业。)” 可知，作者通过列数字来阐明AI相关专业在大学中的普及。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Mre imprtantly, there are still many weak links and bttlenecks in China’s technlgical develpment, which require mre talent t slve.(更重要的是，中国科技发展还存在很多薄弱环节和瓶颈，需要更多的人才来解决。)” 可知，中国的科技发展还存在许多薄弱环节和瓶颈，需要更多的人才来应对，这是促使中国发展科技的最重要的因素。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When chsing a majr, they shuld fcus mre n their strengths and passins, he said, adding that if they pursue a ppular majr in which they are nt interested, they will nt learn prfessinally and will still find it hard t get a gd jb.(他说，在选择专业时，他们应该更多地关注自己的优势和激情，并补充说，如果他们选择一个自己不感兴趣的热门专业，他们就不会专业地学习，也很难找到一份好工作。)” 可知，在选择专业时，要更多地关注自己的长处和兴趣，如果选择自己不感兴趣的专业，就无法专业地进行学习，也很难找到好工作。故选D项。
D
American researchers say the thught that machines culd take ver the wrld is becming an increasing reality, rather than the nightmarish plt f a sci-fi hrrr mvie. Nw, they are fueling wrkplace wrry, with sme emplyees reprtedly sabtaging (暗中破坏) and even attacking their rbt replacements.
Hwever, psychlgists think that reminding urselves f ur humanity culd help alleviate irratinal (不合理的) fears abut machines replacing peple in the wrkplace. It invlves repeating psitive statements used t prmte cnfidence and belief in yur wn uniquely human abilities. These statements help shift fcus away frm perceived failures r inadequacies and nt a wrker’s strengths — thse yu already have and thse yu want t develp.
Lead authr Prfessr Kai Chi Yam says in a media release, “Sme ecnmists therize that rbts are mre likely t take ver blue-cllar jbs faster than white-cllar jbs. Hwever, it desn’t lk like rbts are taking ver that many jbs yet, at least nt in America, s a lt f these fears are rather subjective.”
Yam’s team carried ut tests and analyzed data frm participants in the U.S., Singapre, and India. In ne experiment, wrking with industrial rbts fueled stress and unrest amng 118 engineers emplyed by an aut manufacturing cmpany in India. An nline survey f 400 participants fund self-affirmatin exercises reduced feelings f hpelessness. The wrkers then wrte abut characteristics r values that were imprtant t them. “Mst peple are verestimating the capabilities f rbts and underestimating their wn capabilities,” Yam says.
While sme individuals may have legitimate cncerns, media cverage may be unnecessarily heightening fears amng the general public. “Media reprts n new technlgies like rbts and algrithms tend t be apcalyptic (毁灭性的) in nature, s peple may develp an irratinal fear abut them,” Yam cncludes.
12. Why d peple hate rbts in wrkplace?
A. They are attacked by rbts.B. They feel threatened by rbts.
C. Rbts appear in sci-fi hrrr mvies.D. Rbts take charge f their wrkplace.
13. What can psitive statements d t wrkers accrding t Paragraph 2?
A. Remve all their fears and hrrrs.
B. Remind them f their advantages.
C. Help them fcus better n their wrk.
D. Rid them f failures and inadequacies.
14. What can be inferred frm Paragraph 3?
A. White-cllar jbs wn’t be replaced.
B. There are t many rbts in the U.S.
C. Wrries abut rbts are nt justified.
D. Rbts have taken the place f labr.
15. What is the main idea f the last paragraph?
A. One f factrs fueling peple’s wrries.
B. Other irratinal fears f general public.
C. The media’s attitude tward rbts.
D. The nature f rbts and algrithms.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。人们对机器人进入工作场所的恐惧日益加深，但是这种恐惧很多是非理性的。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Hwever, psychlgists think that reminding urselves f ur humanity culd help alleviate irratinal(不合理的) fears abut machines replacing peple in the wrkplace.(然而，心理学家认为，提醒我们自己人性可以帮助减轻机器在工作场所取代人类的非理性恐惧)”可知，人们讨厌工作场所的机器人是因为他们感到受到机器人的威胁。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“It invlves repeating psitive statements used t prmte cnfidence and belief in yur wn uniquely human abilities. These statements help shift fcus away frm perceived failures r inadequacies and nt a wrker’s strengths — thse yu already have and thse yu want t develp.(它包括重复积极的陈述，用来增强你对自己独特的人类能力的信心和信念。这些陈述有助于将注意力从失败或不足转移到员工的优势上——那些你已经拥有的和你想要发展的)”可知，根据第二段，积极的陈述对工人的影响是提醒他们自己的优点。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Sme ecnmists therize that rbts are mre likely t take ver blue-cllar jbs faster than white-cllar jbs. Hwever, it desn’t lk like rbts are taking ver that many jbs yet, at least nt in America, s a lt f these fears are rather subjective.(一些经济学家认为，相比白领工作，机器人更有可能更快地取代蓝领工作。然而，看起来机器人还没有接管那么多的工作，至少在美国是这样，所以很多这些担忧都是相当主观的)”可推知，从第三段中可以推断出对机器人的担忧是没有道理的。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句“While sme individuals may have legitimate cncerns, media cverage may be unnecessarily heightening fears amng the general public.(虽然有些人可能有合理的担忧，但媒体的报道可能会不必要地加剧公众的恐惧)”可知，最后一段主要是讲媒体报道是加剧公众恐惧的一个因素。故选A。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Mre and mre research is shwing that the key t lifelng gd health is what experts call “lifestyle medicine”—making simple changes in diet, exercise, and stress management. T help yu turn that knwledge int results, we’ve put tgether this manageable list f health and wellness tips t keep healthy.
Give yurself a break
“I spend cuntless hurs ding cardi(健心运动)and never seem t lse that last ten punds!” is a cmmn cmplaint I hear frm clients. Give yurself permissin t shrten yur wrkuts. ____16____. Yur bdy can plateau(处于停滞状态)If nt given adequate rest t restre itself, ultimately leading t a decline in perfrmance. Breaking dwn yur rutine int varius training mdes can help prevent vertraining. ____17____.
Think small
____18____. If yu have a can f sda at lunchtime every day, have a glass f water tw days a week instead. Starting with small, painless changes helps establish the mentality that healthy changes are nt necessarily painful changes. It’s easy t build frm here by adding mre healthy substitutins.
____19____
Yu can d all the right things—but if yu have persnal relatinships with peple wh have unhealthy habits, it is ften a hard battle. ____20____. Get yur family r friends invlved with yu when yu walk r plan healthier meals. Making healthy changes with a lved ne can bring yu clser tgether and mtivate yu.
A. Keep gd cmpany.
B. Get rid f unhealthy habits.
C. Ding s gives yur wrkuts a new purpse.
D. Believe it r nt, vertraining culd be the prblem.
E. Yu can als help balance yur prgram by simply incrprating mre variety.
F. The healthiest peple are thse wh have relatinships with ther healthy peple.
G. Try t fcus first n ne small unhealthy habit and turn it int a healthy, psitive habit.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。越来越多的研究表明，终身健康的关键是在饮食、锻炼和压力管理方面做出简单的改变。本文介绍了几个易控制的健康小窍门，以帮助人们保持健康。
【16题详解】
设空处上文“Give yurself permissin t shrten yur wrkuts.”（允许自己缩短锻炼时间。）提到，允许你自己缩短你的锻炼时间，而该空下文“Yur bdy can plateau If nt given adequate rest t restre itself, ultimately leading t a decline in perfrmance.”（如果没有足够的休息来恢复，你的身体会停滞不前，最终导致表现下降。）指出，如果没有给予足够的休息来恢复自己，你的身体可能会进入停滞期，最终会导致运动表现下降。故设空处应承上启下，引出下文中过度训练带来的问题。结合选项D.“Believe it r nt, vertraining culd be the prblem. ”（信不信由你，过度训练可能是问题所在。）符合此推断，为上下文的承上启下。故选D项。
【17题详解】
设空处上文“Breaking dwn yur rutine int varius training mdes can help prevent vertraining.”（把你的日常训练分成不同的训练模式有助于防止过度训练。）提到，把你的日常训练分成各种训练模式可以帮助防止过度训练。结合选项E.“Yu can als help balance yur prgram by simply incrprating mre variety.”（你还可以仅仅通过纳入更多类型来帮助平衡你的计划）承接上文，讲述多样性的活动有助于防止过度训练。故选E项。
【18题详解】
设空处下文“If yu have a can f sda at lunchtime every day, have a glass f water tw days a week instead.”（如果你每天午餐时间喝一罐苏打水，那么一周有两天喝一杯水。）提到，如果你每天在午餐时间喝一罐汽水，那么每周抽出两天的时间喝一杯水来代替。由此可知，设空处下文具体解释了设空处提到的正确做法。结合选项可知，G项.“Try t fcus first n ne small unhealthy habit and turn it int a healthy, psitive habit.”（试图首先关注一个不健康的小习惯，然后把它变成一个健康的、积极的习惯。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
【19题详解】
设空处位于本段小标题处，应概括本段的主要内容。本段下文“Get yur family r friends invlved with yu when yu walk r plan healthier meals. Making healthy changes with a lved ne can bring yu clser tgether and mtivate yu.”（让你的家人或朋友参与你的散步或计划更健康的饮食。和你爱的人做出健康的改变可以让你们更亲密，并激励你。）主要阐述好的伙伴对于保持健康生活的重要性，结合选项可知，A项.“Keep gd cmpany.”（结交好的伙伴）与该段内容意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选A项。
20题详解】
设空处上文“Yu can d all the right things—but if yu have persnal relatinships with peple wh have unhealthy habits, it is ften a hard battle.”（你可以做所有正确的事情，但如果你和有不健康习惯的人有私人关系，这通常是一场艰苦的战斗。）提到，你可以做所有对的事情——但如果你和那些有不健康习惯的人来往，保持健康的生活方式通常是一场艰苦的战斗。下文具体介绍了如何做出健康的改变。结合选项F.“The healthiest peple are thse wh have relatinships with ther healthy peple.”（最健康的人是那些与其他健康的人来往的人）承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nan Hauser is a marine (海洋的) bilgist. Last week, Hauser was ___21___ near her ship when she sptted that an enrmus figure ___22___. It wasn’t lng befre Hauser ___23___ him—a humpback whale (座头鲸). ___24___ with such creatures, she was unafraid and planned t cntinue her leisure activity.
In the ___25___ f the animals, Hauser desn’t tuch her whale subjects ___26___ they’re ill r in danger. Hwever, n that day, it was the whale wh ___27___ cntact. “Instead f swimming past, he didn’t ___28___ cming twards me until I was n his head...” she recalls. The whale rlled arund and even pushed her several times. Hauser started lsing her ___29___. Humpback whales aren’t dangerus animals, but any animal that big culd ___30___ harm humans.
With effrts and experience, Hauser ___31___ t get away frm the whale and ut f the water finally. When she lked ut t the distant water n her ship, a very ___32___ scene came int sight：miles away was swimming a huge tiger shark. Hauser ___33___ what was ging n immediately. Far frm making an ___34___ the whale was trying t rescue her.
“I’ve spent 28 years prtecting whales, but never heard f such a thing. The experience makes me mre ___35___ t be a guardian,” Hauser says.
21. A. explringB. restingC. bservingD. diving
22. A. passedB. hurtC. apprachedD. waited
23. A. assistedB. recgnizedC. fllwedD. ignred
24. A. FamiliarB. PleasedC. PatientD. Busy
25. A. eyesB. interestsC. hpeD. absence
26. A. sinceB. whileC. unlessD. if
27. A. demandedB. avidedC. agreedD. initiated
28. A. cnsiderB. stpC. riskD. cntinue
29. A. directinB. deviceC. calmnessD. pprtunity
30. A. unintentinallyB. irregularlyC. naturallyD. suddenly
31. A. expectedB. prmisedC. pretendedD. managed
32. A. rareB. alarmingC. strangeD. vivid
33. A. figured utB. held backC. set asideD. thught thrugh
34. A. attemptB. exampleC. attackD. entrance
35. A. cautiusB. qualifiedC. gratefulD. determined
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是海洋生物学家Nan Hauser在一次潜水的时候遇到一头鲸，鲸向她游过来，她以为鲸要伤害她，努力游出了水，回到船上后她看见远处的水域有一头鲨鱼，原来鲸是要保护Hauser，这让她下定决心做鲸的守护者。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：上周，当Hauser在她的船附近潜水时，她发现一个巨大的身影靠近了。A. explring探索；B. resting休息；C. bserving观察；D. diving潜水。根据下文“near her ship”和“planned t cntinue her leisure activity”可知，她在进行休闲活动，因此很可能是在她的船附近潜水。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：上周，当Hauser在她的船附近潜水时，她发现一个巨大的身影靠近了。A. passed经过；B. hurt伤害；C. apprached接近；D. waited等待。根据下一段的“The whale rlled arund and even pushed her several times”可知，那头鲸靠近Hauser了。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，Hauser就认出了它——一头座头鲸。A. assisted帮助；B. recgnized认出；C. fllwed跟随；D. ignred忽视。根据下文“a humpback whale”可知，Hauser认出了那是一头座头鲸。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她熟悉这些动物，所以不害怕，打算继续她的休闲活动。A. Familiar熟悉的；B. Pleased高兴的；C. Patient耐心的；D. Busy忙碌的。根据上文“It wasn’t lng befre Hauser ___3___ him—a humpback whale”可知，她很快就认出了那是座头鲸，说明她很熟悉这种动物。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了动物的利益，Hauser不会碰她的鲸鱼对象，除非它们生病或处于危险之中。A. eyes眼睛；B. interests兴趣，利益；C. hpe希望；D. absence缺席。根据下文“Hauser desn’t tuch her whale subjects ___6___ they’re ill r in danger”可知，Hauser为了动物的利益，所以不碰鲸。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：为了动物的利益，Hauser不会碰她的鲸鱼对象，除非它们生病或处于危险之中。A. since自从；B. while当……的时候；C. unless除非；D. if如果。根据上文“Hauser desn’t tuch her whale subjects”和下文“they’re ill r in danger”可知，Hauser不会碰她的鲸鱼对象，除非它们生病或处于危险之中。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在那一天，是鲸鱼发起了接触。A. demanded要求；B. avided避免；C. agreed同意；D. initiated发起。根据下文“The whale rlled arund and even pushed her several times”可知，那头鲸主动接触Hauser。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“它没有游过去，而是一直朝我游来，直到我趴在它的头上……”她回忆说。A. cnsider考虑；B. stp停止；C. risk冒险；D. cntinue继续。根据下文“until I was n his head”可知，那头鲸一直朝Hauser游过来，也就是一直没停止游向Hauser，空格处是“停止”。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hauser开始失去冷静。A. directin方向；B. device设备；C. calmness冷静；D. pprtunity机会。根据下文“Humpback whales aren’t dangerus animals”和“With effrts and experience, Hauser ___11___ t get away frm the whale and ut f the water finally”可知，虽然知道座头鲸不是危险的动物，但Hauser努力远离那头鲸，所以她是失去冷静了。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：座头鲸不是危险的动物，但任何这么大的动物都可能无意中伤害人类。A. unintentinally无意地；B. irregularly不规则地；C. naturally自然地；D. suddenly突然。根据上文“any animal that big culd”及常识可知，体型庞大的动物很可能会无意中伤害人类。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：凭借自己的努力和经验，Hauser终于摆脱了鲸鱼，离开了水。A. expected期待；B. prmised答应；C. pretended假装；D. managed设法做到。根据下文“When she lked ut t the distant water n her ship”可知，Hauser最终设法摆脱了鲸，空格处意为“设法做到”。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她在船上望向远处的水面时，一个非常可怕的景象映入眼帘：几英里外游着一条巨大的虎鲨。A. rare稀有的；B. alarming令人恐惧的；C. strange奇怪的；D. vivid生动的。根据下文“miles away was swimming a huge tiger shark”可知，英里外游着一条巨大的虎鲨，这是很令人恐惧的景象。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Hauser马上就明白了是怎么回事。A. figured ut弄明白；B. held back抑制；C. set aside留出；D. thught thrugh仔细思考。根据下文“the whale was trying t rescue her”可知，那头鲸试图救Hauser，这是Hauser弄明白的真实情况。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲸鱼非但没有攻击她，反而试图救她。A. attempt试图；B. example例子；C. attack攻击；D. entrance入口。根据上文“any animal that big culd ___10___ harm humans”和下文“the whale was trying t rescue her”可知，那头鲸并不是要攻击Hauser，而是试图在救她。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我花了28年的时间保护鲸鱼，但从未听说过这样的事情。这段经历让我更加坚定了成为一名守护者的决心。”A. cautius谨慎的；B. qualified有资格的；C. grateful感激的；D. determined下定决心的。根据上文“the whale was trying t rescue her”可知，鲸试图保护人，这让Hauser感受到了鲸的善意，所以下定决心做鲸的守护者。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Bamb weaving (编织) is a time-hnred skill f weaving lng and thin pieces f bamb int varius items by hand, ____36____ has been passed dwn frm generatin t generatin.
Fu Yelin, a 58-year-ld resident f Maba Twnship and a skilled craftsman (手艺人), ____37____ (be) inseparable frm bamb weaving since he was 12. “Back then, I ____38____ (use) t get cut during bamb weaving,” he says. It requires ____39____ (patient) t cmplete the wrk. After decades f practicing, Fu has equipped himself with the skill. Fu ____40____ (eventual) pened a stre in 2003 in Yngshun’s Furng Twn, a place famus fr its typical custms and natural scenery, t bserve the aesthetic (审美的) trends in ____41____ (peple) cnsumptin f daily items.
“I want t cnduct exchanges with bamb weavers f different styles ____42____(widen) my visin and further train my skills, ” he says, adding that he is cnfident abut his wn ____43____(create) ideas, and wants t expand the influence f bamb weaving. Fu wuld like t teach mre peple t carry n ____44____ the craft. Fr Fu, bamb weaving is nt just a lifelng practice, _____45_____ a reminder f wh he is and where he was brn.
【答案】36. which
37. has been
38. used 39. patience
40. eventually
41. peple’s
42. t widen
43. creative
44. with 45. but
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了58岁毛坝乡居民付业林对历史悠久的竹编技艺的传承和发扬。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：竹编是一种历史悠久的技艺，通过手工将细长的竹篾编织成各种各样的物品，这种技艺是一代一代传下来的。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词Bamb weaving在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填 which。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：58岁的毛坝乡居民付业林是一名技艺娴熟的手艺人，他从12岁起就与竹编分不开了。根据空后的时间状语since he was 12可知，主句应用现在完成时。且该句主语是Fu Yelin，助动词用has。故填has been。
【38题详解】
考查固定用法。句意：那时候，我经常在编织竹编的时候被割伤。此处表示“过去常常做某事”，应用used t d。故填used。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：完成这项工作需要耐心。根据空前的requires和句意可知，此处要用patient的名词形式patience，意为“耐心”。故填patience。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：2003年，付最终在永顺的芙蓉镇开了一家店，以观察人们日常用品消费的审美趋势。芙蓉镇以其典型的风俗和自然风光而闻名。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰整个句子，应用所给词的副词形式。故填eventually。
【41题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意同上。空处作定语修饰名词cnsumptin，表示所属关系，应用名词所有格形式。故填peple’s。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我想和不同风格的竹编人交流，开阔我的视野，进一步锻炼我的技能。此处表示付业林想与不同风格的竹编手艺人交流的目的是开拓视野，应用不定式结构。故填t widen。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他补充说，他对自己的创意充满信心，并希望扩大竹编的影响力。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词 ideas，故应用所给词的形容词形式creative做定语。故填creative。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：付业林想教更多的人以更好地继续这种手艺。carry n with意为“继续做，坚持干”。故填with。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：对付业林来说，竹编不仅是一种终身的习惯，而且能提醒他他是谁，他出生在哪里。句中nt …为固定短语意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 为了让学生近距离接近大自然，上周六你们班组织了一次春游踏青活动，请你写一篇文章报道此次活动，内容包括：
1. 具体的活动安排；
2. 活动的意义；
3. 你的感受。
注意：
1. 词数不少于100字；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】A Spring Outing
Spring is a gd time fr uting. Aiming t understand each ther better and build up ur bdies, ur class had a spring uting last Saturday. As scheduled, we gathered tgether at 8: 30 am at the gate f ur schl. We went t ur destinatin by bus, laughing and singing all the way. Much t ur delight, the trip invlved muntain climbing as well as a picnic. Hardly had we reached the tp f the muntain when we enjyed an awesme view f the whle city. Exhausted as we were n the way back t schl, we all regarded this uting as an unfrgettable experience, fr it nt nly made us get clse t nature with fresh air and fantastic scenery, but als enhance the friendship between us students and prmte ur mutual cperatin.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生记述上周六班级组织的一次春游踏青活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
旨在：aim t d→be intended t d
包含：invlve→include
让人惊叹的：awesme→amazing
看待：regard→view
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Aiming t understand each ther better and build up ur bdies, ur class had a spring uting last Saturday.
拓展句：Our class had a spring uting last Saturday, which is aim t understand each ther better and build up ur bdies,
【点睛】[高分句型1] Hardly had we reached the tp f the muntain when we enjyed an awesme view f the whle city. (运用了部分倒装)
[高分句型2] Exhausted as we were n the way back t schl, we all regarded this uting as an unfrgettable experience, fr it nt nly made us get clse t nature with fresh air and fantastic scenery, but als enhance the friendship between us students and prmte ur mutual cperatin. (运用了as引导的让步状语从句的倒装结构和nt als...句式)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in middle schl, my scial studies teacher asked me t enter a writing cntest. I said n withut thinking. I did nt lve writing. My family came frm Brazil, s English was nly my secnd language. Writing was s difficult and painful fr me that my teacher had allwed me t present my paper n the sinking f the Titanic by acting ut a play, where I played all the parts. N ne laughed harder than he did.
S, why did he suddenly frce me t d smething at which I was sure t fail? His reply: “Because I lve yur stries. If yu’re willing t apply yurself, I think yu have a gd sht at this.” Encuraged by his wrds, I agreed t give it a try.
I chse Paul Revere’s hrse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Bstn wh rde a hrse at night n April 18, 1775 t Lexingtn t warn peple that British sldiers were cming. My stry wuld cme straight frm the hrse’s muth. Nt a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely t be anyne else’s chice.
What did the hrse think, as he sped thrugh the night? Did he get tired? Have dubts? Did he want t quit? I sympathized immediately. I gt tired. I had dubts. I wanted t quit. But, like Revere’s hrse, I kept ging. I wrked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my lder sister t crrect my grammar. I checked ut a half dzen bks n Paul Revere frm the library. I even read a few f them.
When I handed in the essay t my teacher, he read it, laughed ut lud, and said, “Great. Nw, write it again.” I wrte it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thught f winning had given way t the enjyment f writing. If I didn’t win, I wuldn’t care.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, when I almst frgt the cntest, there came the news.
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I went t my teacher’s ffice after the award presentatin.
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【答案】 A few weeks later, when I almst frgt the cntest, there came the news. I was infrmed that I wn the first prize in the writing cntest and that there wuld be an award presentatin in tw days. I was s happy t hear the news that I immediately shared it with my teacher. “I knew yu’d win! I am prud f yu. Yu made it!” he said excitedly. Then came the big day. When I was invited t the stage t receive the award, I expressed my thanks t my teacher. I said, “It’s yu wh make me fall in lve with writing, my scial studies teacher. Withut yur recgnitin and guidance, I culdn’t have written this article. Again thank yu very much!”
I went t my teacher’s ffice after the award presentatin. My teacher was waiting fr me. Hlding my hands, he said “Cngratulatins! Yu are a gd writer, s keep writing.” “Yu knw I didn’t like writing befre, but nw I am crazy abut it! I will try my best t create gd wrks.” I said seriusly. Since then, I have written many gd wrks and nw I am a famus writer. I we my success t my scial teacher wh is a beacn in my life n the rad t writing.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者上中学的时候，社会学老师邀请作者参加一个写作比赛。作者不喜欢写作，于是想都没想就拒绝了。但是在老师的鼓励下，作者同意试一试。作者在写作过程中虽然很累，但是没有放弃，坚持下来了。在作者最终完成写作时，作者感到写作让他很快乐，他已经不在乎输赢了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，当我几乎忘记比赛的时候，传来了消息。”和第二段首句“颁奖后我去了老师的办公室。”可知，第一段可描写作者获得比赛一等奖，在颁奖典礼上作者表达了对社会老师的感激。
②由第二段首句内容“颁奖后我去了老师的办公室。”可知，第二段可描写老师鼓励作者继续写作，自此作者坚持写作取得了成功，作者将这一切归功于自己的老师。
2.续写线索：比赛消息传来——作者获奖——高兴——颁奖典礼感谢老师——颁奖后来到老师办公室——老师告诉作者坚持写作——作者表达了对写作的喜爱——作者写作取得了成功——感激老师
3.词汇激活
行为类
①告知：infrm/tell
②成功做到：make it/succeed
③表达：express/cnvey
情绪类
①高兴的：happy/glad
②激动地：excitedly/with excitement
【点睛】[高分句型1] I was infrmed that I wn the first prize in the writing cntest and that there wuld be an award presentatin in tw days. （运用了由连接词that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] It’s yu wh make me fall in lve with writing, my scial studies teacher.（运用了强调句）
[高分句型3] I we my success t my scial teacher wh is a beacn in my life n the rad t writing.（运用了wh引导的限制性定语从句）
听力 1-5 AACBA 6-10 ABCBA 11-15 BAACA 16-20 CBCBB