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福建省厦门市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份福建省厦门市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了 考试结束后，将答题卡交回，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
厦门市2022-2023学年第二学期高一年级质量检测
英语试题
本试卷分五部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What will the man buy?
A. Pencils. B. An ice-cream. C. A shirt.
2. What does the woman want to do?
A. Have lunch with the man. B. Send an email to John.
C. Check the report.
3. What happened to the man?
A. He got wet in the rain. B. He lost his umbrella. C. He missed the bus.
4. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. At a gas station. B. On the road. C. At a repair shop.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Pictures. B. A camera. C. Holiday destinations.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where will the man get his luggage?
A. In Shanghai. B. In New York. C. In Seattle.
7. Which gate should the man go to?
A. Gate 15. B. Gate 20. C. Gate 26.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Strangers. C. Schoolmates.
9. When will the man go to the woman’s?
A. This Saturday afternoon. B. This Sunday afternoon.
C. Next Sunday evening.
10. What will the man do next?
A. Practice dancing. B. Go to a party. C. Prepare for an exam.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did the woman’s father do for her?
A. He bought her a piano. B. He told her history stories.
C. He got her some documentaries.
12. What did the woman’s grandpa buy for her?
A. Piano lessons. B. History books. C. Educational books.
13. What changed the woman’s mother’s mind?
A A story. B. A book. C. A diary.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. How many points did Jaymes score?
A. 10 points. B. 35 points. C. 45 points.
15. What does the woman suggest doing in the free time?
A. Watching basketball games. B. Exploring good places.
C. Practicing basketball.
16. Where will the speakers meet?
A. In the man’s house. B. By the lake. C. At the park.
17. When does the conversation take place?
A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What did the speaker do after her trip to Scotland?
A. She visited a park. B. She toured a castle. C. She joined a group.
19. How does the hotel protect the environment?
A. It offers reusable products. B. It provides cheap equipment.
C. It suggests showering for less time.
20. What was free in the festival?
A. Taking taxis. B. Riding buses. C. Renting bikes.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Join Sandra Oddo as she shares a variety of tips and skills for making wine at home using elderflowers and elderberries.
Items
Elderflower
Wine Recipe (食谱)
Elderberry
Wine Recipe
Ingredients
● Elderflowers (at least one quart);
● 1 gallon of boiling water per quart of flowers;
● 2 to 2-1/2 pounds of sugar per gallon of liquid;
● 2 lemons per gallon, juiced;
● 1 packet of dry wine yeast (酵母) per 5 gallons of liquid.
● Elderberries (at least 2 gallons);
● 1 gallon of boiling water per 2 gallons of berries;
● 3-1/2 to 4 pounds of sugar per gallon of boiled-down liquid;
● 1 packet of dry wine yeast per 5 gallons of liquid.
Instructions
● Cut a quart of flowers from the stems;
● Pour a gallon of boiling water over the flowers;
● Let the tea soak three or four days with the flowers pressed down under the liquid (they turn brown and ruin the color of the drink if they’re left in the air);
● Strain off the fluid and heat some of it to dissolve 2 to 2-1/2 pounds of sugar per gallon;
● Add the juice of 2 lemons per gallon along with yeast;
● Let the mixture work in a container with an air lock.
● Pick nice fat berries about two days ahead, remove them from the stems and smash up the fruit:
● Pour boiling water over the mixture, soaking for about a week;
● Keep the container covered with a towel to protect the working “must” from dust and the odd yeast floating around in the air;
● Strain off and save the juice and mix 3-1/2 to 4 pounds of sugar into each gallon of the liquid.
1. What is a different ingredient when we are making Elderflower Wine and Elderberry Wine?
A. Water. B. Lemon. C. Sugar. D. Yeast.
2. What is important to the nice color of the Elderflower Wine?
A. Cutting flowers from the stems. B. Pouring boiling water over flowers.
C. Pressing flowers down under the liquid. D. Adding an amount of sugar to the liquid.
3. What is the text?
A. A recipe. B. A science report. C. A wine list. D. A flower ad.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了Sandra Oddo用接骨木花和接骨木果在家里酿酒的技巧和技巧。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格Ingredients栏目中Elderflower Wine的成分为“1 gallon of boiling water per quart of flowers; 2 to 2-1/2 pounds of sugar per gallon of liquid; 2 lemons per gallon, juiced; 1 packet of dry wine yeast (酵母) per 5 gallons of liquid.”(每夸脱花加1加仑沸水；每加仑液体含2到2.5磅糖；每加仑2个柠檬，榨汁；每5加仑液体1包干葡萄酒酵母。) Elderberry Wine的成分为“1 gallon of boiling water per 2 gallons of berries; 3-1/2 to 4 pounds of sugar per gallon of boiled-down liquid; 1 packet of dry wine yeast per 5 gallons of liquid.”(每2加仑浆果需要1加仑沸水；每加仑煮沸的液体加3-1/2到4磅糖；每5加仑液体1包干葡萄酒酵母。)可知，不同的成分为柠檬。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中Elderflower Wine的说明“Let the tea soak three or four days with the flowers pressed down under the liquid (they turn brown and ruin the color of the drink if they’re left in the air)”(让茶叶浸泡三到四天，花被压在液体下面(如果它们留在空气中，它们会变成棕色，破坏饮料的颜色))可知，花被挤压在液体下面可以使得接骨木花酒的颜色鲜艳。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Join Sandra Oddo as she shares a variety of tips and skills for making wine at home using elderflowers and elderberries.”(和Sandra Oddo一起分享用接骨木花和接骨木果在家里酿酒的技巧和技巧。)可知，本文主要是介绍怎么酿酒的，所以本文为食谱类文章。故选A。
B
Robert Sansone, the winner of the 2022 George D. Yancopoulos Innovator Award, is a natural born engineer. From robotic hands to high-speed running boots, Sansone has worked on at least sixty engineering projects to date in his spare time. And he’s only 17 years old.
A couple years ago, Sansone came across a video about the advantages and disadvantages of electric cars. It explains that most electric car engines use rare-earth elements, which are costly, both financially and environmentally. In fact, 1kg of the rare-earth materials in question can cost up to several hundred dollars. With that sustainability issue, he wanted to solve it, so he tried and designed a different motor (发动机). His new motor, on the other hand, uses copper, which costs around $8 for 1kg.
The highschooler had heard of a type of electric motor — the Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SRM同步磁阻电动机) — that doesn’t use these rare-earth materials. This kind of motor is currently used for pumps and fans, but it isn’t powerful enough by itself to be used in an electric vehicle. So, Sansone started brainstorming ways he could improve its performance.
For over a year Sansone worked on the motor. It needed to be more efficient and have more rotational (旋转) force. The new motor was made from 3-D printed plastic, copper wires and a steel rotor and tested using a variety of meters to measure power. Sansone is now working on version 16 of his motor, which he plans to build out of stronger materials so he can test it at higher revolutions per minute.
As a rising senior, Sansone has dreamed of attending Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). His winnings from competitions will go toward college tuition. If his motor continues to perform with high speed and efficiency, he says he’ll move forward and cooperate with car companies. He hopes that one day his motor will be the design of choice for electric vehicles.
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 2?
A. To explain the use of electric car engines.
B. To stress the cost of the rare-earth materials.
C. To introduce a video of previous electric cars.
D. To show Sansone’s inspiration for his new motor.
5. Which aspect does Sansone mainly want to improve in SRM?
A. Its cost. B. Its size. C. Its power. D. Its weight.
6. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. He is studying in the MIT. B. He aims high for his motor.
C. He has started a motor company. D. He will enter a new competition.
7. Which of the following best describes Robert Sansone?
A. Gifted and determined. B. Caring and outgoing.
C. Humorous and energetic. D. Generous and hard-working.
【答案】4 D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了 Sansone发明设计一款不同的发动机的励志故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“A couple years ago, Sansone came across a video about the advantages and disadvantages of electric cars. It explains that most electric car engines use rare-earth elements, which are costly, both financially and environmentally. In fact, 1kg of the rare-earth materials in question can cost up to several hundred dollars. With that sustainability issue, he wanted to solve it, so he tried and designed a different motor (发动机).”（几年前，Sansone偶然发现了一段关于电动汽车优点和缺点的视频。它解释说，大多数电动汽车发动机都使用稀土元素，这在经济和环境方面都很昂贵。事实上，1公斤有问题的稀土材料的价格可能高达数百美元。对于可持续性问题，他想解决它，所以他尝试并设计了一种不同的电机）可知，作者写第二段的目的是展示Sansone的新发动机的灵感。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This kind of motor is currently used for pumps and fans, but it isn’t powerful enough by itself to be used in an electric vehicle. So, Sansone started brainstorming ways he could improve its performance.”（这种电机目前用于泵和风扇，但它本身不够强大，无法用于电动汽车。因此，Sansone开始集思广益，想办法提高它的性能。）可知，在SRM中，Sansone主要想要改进的是动力。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If his motor continues to perform with high speed and efficiency, he says he’ll move forward and cooperate with car companies. He hopes that one day his motor will be the design of choice for electric vehicles.”（他说，如果他的发动机继续保持高速和高效率，他将继续与汽车公司合作。他希望有一天他的马达能成为电动汽车的首选设计。）可知，他对他的马达寄予厚望。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“is a natural born engineer.”（一位天生的工程师），根据第三段“This kind of motor is currently used for pumps and fans, but it isn’t powerful enough by itself to be used in an electric vehicle. So, Sansone started brainstorming ways he could improve its performance.”（这种电机目前用于泵和风扇，但它本身不够强大，无法用于电动汽车。因此，Sansone开始集思广益，想办法提高它的性能。），根据最后一段“If his motor continues to perform with high speed and efficiency, he says he’ll move forward and cooperate with car companies. He hopes that one day his motor will be the design of choice for electric vehicles.”（他说，如果他的发动机继续保持高速和高效率，他将继续与汽车公司合作。他希望有一天他的马达能成为电动汽车的首选设计。）由此判断出，Sansone有天赋、有决心。故选A项。
C
Historians are often asked to examine the actions of our ancestors so we can repeat their wisdom and avoid their mistakes. But the present is just too different from the past. It is a waste of time to study Hannibal’s strategies in the Second Punic War so as to copy them in the Third World War. What worked well in cavalry battles will not necessarily be beneficial in cyber war. Studying history aims to loosen (松开) the hold of the past.
A young couple building a new home may ask the architect for a nice lawn (草坪) in the front yard. Why a lawn? “Because lawns are beautiful,” the couple might explain. But why do they think so?
The idea of growing a lawn at the entrance to private houses and public buildings was born in the castles of French and English aristocrats in the late Middle Ages. Well-kept lawns demanded land and a lot of work. In exchange, they produced nothing of value. The neat grass at the entrance to castles was a social position symbol nobody could pretend to have. Later the new parliaments (议会), supreme courts, presidential residences increasingly showed their power in row upon row of neat green grass. Humans came to identify lawns with political power, social position and economic wealth.
When you now come to plan your dream house, you might think twice about having a lawn in the front yard. You are of course still free to do it. But you are also free to shake off the cultural cargo given to you by the upper class. This is the best reason to learn history: not in order to guess the future, but to free yourself of the past and imagine different lives. Of course this is not total freedom — we cannot avoid being shaped by the past. But some freedom is better than none.
8. Why does the author mention Hannibal and cavalry battles in paragraph 1?
A. To illustrate why future cyber war is difficult.
B. To highlight how important historical warfare is.
C. To show that past experience may not suit the present.
D. To explain what strategies historical figures developed.
9. What does the author believe is the real reason for growing a lawn?
A. Its connection with power and wealth. B. Its high maintenance requirements.
C. Its origin from European castles. D. Its outstanding natural beauty.
10. What do the underlined words “cultural cargo” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Cultural mistakes. B. Cultural standards.
C. Historical buildings. D. Historical knowledge.
11. According to the author, studying history is to __________.
A. guess events in the future B. repeat wise decisions
C. understand cultural changes D. reduce the control from the past
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究历史的目的是为了摆脱过去的束缚。这是学习历史最好的理由：不是为了猜测未来，而是为了把自己从过去中解放出来，想象不同的生活。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Historians are often asked to examine the actions of our ancestors so we can repeat their wisdom and avoid their mistakes. But the present is just too different from the past. It is a waste of time to study Hannibal’s strategies in the Second Punic War so as to copy them in the Third World War. What worked well in cavalry battles will not necessarily be beneficial in cyber war. Studying history aims to loosen (松开) the hold of the past.”（历史学家经常被要求研究我们祖先的行为，这样我们就可以重复他们的智慧，避免他们的错误。但是现在和过去太不一样了。研究汉尼拔在第二次布匿战争中的战略，以便在第三次世界大战中照搬是浪费时间的。在骑兵战中行之有效的方法在网络战中不一定有用。研究历史的目的是为了摆脱过去的束缚。）可知，作者在第一段提到了汉尼拔和骑兵的战斗是为了表明过去的经验可能不适用于现在。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Later the new parliaments (议会), supreme courts, presidential residences increasingly showed their power in row upon row of neat green grass. Humans came to identify lawns with political power, social position and economic wealth.”（后来，新的议会、最高法院、总统官邸越来越多地在一排排整齐的绿草地上展示他们的权力。人类开始将草坪与政治权力、社会地位和经济财富联系起来。）可知，作者认为种植草坪的真正原因是它与权力和财富的联系。故选A项。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“When you now come to plan your dream house, you might think twice about having a lawn in the front yard. You are of course still free to do it.”（当你现在开始规划你梦想中的房子时，你可能会考虑在前院建草坪。当然，你仍然可以自由地这样做。）以及“This is the best reason to learn history: not in order to guess the future, but to free yourself of the past and imagine different lives.”（这是学习历史最好的理由：不是为了猜测未来，而是为了把自己从过去中解放出来，想象不同的生活。）可知，但你也可以自由地摆脱上层阶级给你的文化标准。故划线短语“cultural cargo”指的是文化标准。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Studying history aims to loosen (松开) the hold of the past.”（研究历史的目的是为了摆脱过去的束缚。）以及最后一段中“This is the best reason to learn history: not in order to guess the future, but to free yourself of the past and imagine different lives.”（这是学习历史最好的理由：不是为了猜测未来，而是为了把自己从过去中解放出来，想象不同的生活。）可推知，作者认为，学习历史是为了减少来自过去的控制。故选D项。
D
The first hibernation (冬眠) studies with human subjects could be workable within a decade, a European Space Agency (ESA) researcher thinks. Such experiments would make it possible for a science-fiction-like approach to long-time space missions that would see astronauts placed into protective sleep for weeks or months on their way to faraway destinations.
Experiments have shown that it’s possible to cause hibernation in otherwise non-hibernating animals, such as rats, and bring them safely back to life a few days later. “The rats receive a drug, a neurotransmitter substance (神经递质), and are brought into a dark space with reduced temperature,” Jurgen Bereiter-Hahn, a member of ESA’s hibernation research group said. “It works very nicely, but the problem is that you have to apply the drug repeatedly to maintain the state, which could have damaging effects over the longer term.”
The hibernating astronaut would not only save the agency cost for water, food and oxygen. Astronauts would, most likely, wake up rather fit, without suffering many of the negative side effects of long-term bed rest or living in microgravity. In fact, studies show that the slowed down cells of a hibernating body don’t get damaged by radiation (辐射). Besides, research in animals suggests that bodies of hibernating astronauts might lose much less bone and muscle mass than the bodies of those awake in microgravity. Upon arrival, these hibernators would thus be fit and ready to start challenging exploration almost straight away after regaining awareness.
These protective qualities make hibernation a possibility not just for spaceflight, but also for medicine. Just like astronauts in microgravity, patients in long-term bed rest waste away quickly. Slowing life processes to a minimum would provide what scientists call a “bridge”, a period of time that would allow physicians to look for solutions without racing against the clock. Although most current hibernation research is funded by space agencies, scientists think that the first human to be put into this state of hibernation will most likely be an ICU patient. Once the first human survives and benefits from hibernation, things will likely start moving forward much faster.
12. According to paragraph 1, what do the hibernation studies mainly aim to do?
A. Improve sleep quality in space. B. Investigate hibernation mystery.
C. Promote manned space exploration. D. Enrich science fiction writing methods.
13. What is a challenge in the hibernation experiments?
A. Ensuring proper lighting. B. Bringing animals back to life.
C. Maintaining low temperature. D. Controlling possible side effects.
14. What advantage might hibernation bring to astronauts?
A. It might help to keep physical fitness. B. It might increase long-term bed rest.
C. It might decrease radiation contact. D. It might raise mental awareness.
15. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. The role of physicians in monitoring hibernating patients.
B. The possible application of hibernation beyond spaceflight.
C. The importance for increasing funds for hibernation research.
D. The need of human experiments in advancing hibernation studies.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了欧洲航天局(ESA)的一名研究人员认为，首次以人类为研究对象的冬眠研究可能在十年内实现。这样的实验将使像科幻小说一样的长期太空任务成为可能，宇航员将在前往遥远目的地的途中进入保护性睡眠数周或数月。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The first hibernation (冬眠) studies with human subjects could be workable within a decade, a European Space Agency (ESA) researcher thinks. Such experiments would make it possible for a science-fiction-like approach to long-time space missions that would see astronauts placed into protective sleep for weeks or months on their way to faraway destinations.”（欧洲航天局(ESA)的一名研究人员认为，首次以人类为研究对象的冬眠研究可能在十年内实现。这样的实验将使像科幻小说一样的长期太空任务成为可能，宇航员将在前往遥远目的地的途中进入保护性睡眠数周或数月。）可推知，根据第一段，冬眠研究的主要目的是推进载人航天探索。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中““It works very nicely, but the problem is that you have to apply the drug repeatedly to maintain the state, which could have damaging effects over the longer term.””（“效果很好，但问题是，你必须反复使用这种药物来维持这种状态，从长远来看，这可能会产生破坏性的影响。”）可知，冬眠实验的挑战是控制可能的副作用。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The hibernating astronaut would not only save the agency cost for water, food and oxygen. Astronauts would, most likely, wake up rather fit, without suffering many of the negative side effects of long-term bed rest or living in microgravity.”（冬眠的宇航员不仅可以节省机构在水、食物和氧气方面的成本。宇航员很可能醒来时身体相当健康，不会遭受长期卧床休息或生活在微重力环境中的许多负面影响。）可知，冬眠会给宇航员带来的好处是它可能有助于保持身体健康。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“These protective qualities make hibernation a possibility not just for spaceflight, but also for medicine. Just like astronauts in microgravity, patients in long-term bed rest waste away quickly. Slowing life processes to a minimum would provide what scientists call a “bridge”, a period of time that would allow physicians to look for solutions without racing against the clock.”（这些保护特性使得冬眠不仅可以用于太空飞行，也可以用于医学。就像宇航员在微重力环境下一样，长期卧床休息的病人很快就会消瘦。将生命过程减缓到最低限度将提供科学家所说的“桥梁”，这段时间将允许医生在不与时间赛跑的情况下寻找解决方案。）可知，最后一段主要讲的是冬眠在太空飞行之外的可能应用。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We welcomed a daughter into the world yesterday. One day, when. she needs financial advice, here’s what I’ll tell her.
It is easy to assume that wealth and poverty (贫困) are caused by the choices we make, but chance plays a bigger role than most people want to admit. ____16____ But realize not all success is due to hard work, and not all poverty is due to laziness. Keep this in mind when judging people, including yourself.
Everything has a price. The price of a busy job is time away from friends and family. The price of spoiling (宠溺) kids is their sheltered life. Most of those prices are hidden. ____17____ Accepting this, you’ll view things like time and relationships as valuable as cash.
I believe the highest benefit of money is the ability to control your time. Being able to do what you want, when you want, where you want, with whom you want, for as long as you want, provides a lasting happiness greater than any fancy things can offer. ____18____ Having enough savings to give you time and options never gets old.
____19____ You have more control over it than your income. The person who makes $50,000 but only needs $40,000 to be happy is richer than the person who makes $150,000 but needs $151,000 to be happy.
As Napoleon defined, a military talent is the person “who can do the average thing when everyone else is losing his mind”. ____20____ You don’t need to do amazing things to end up OK. Avoiding terrible mistakes is more powerful than any fancy finance tips.
A. We’re not going to spoil you.
B. Managing money is the same.
C. I want you to believe in the values of hard work.
D. Learning how to live with less is very important.
E. You just have to not mess up for long periods of time.
F. The excitement of having fancy things wears off quickly.
G. They’re often worth paying, but never ignore that they are true costs.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一些理财建议。
【16题详解】
由下文“But realize not all success is due to hard work, and not all poverty is due to laziness. (但是要意识到并不是所有的成功都来自于努力工作，也不是所有的贫穷都来自于懒惰。)”中的But可知，前后是转折关系，C项“我希望你相信努力工作的价值。”符合，“values of hard work”呼应下文“hard work”，故选C。
【17题详解】
上文“The price of a busy job is time away from friends and family. The price of spoiling (宠溺) kids is their sheltered life. Most of those prices are hidden(忙碌工作代价是远离朋友和家人。宠坏孩子的代价就是他们的生活被庇护起来。大部分的代价都是隐藏的。)”举例子说明一切都有代价，其中大部分代价都是隐藏，不易被发现的，空处承接上文，对此进行继续描述，G项“它们通常是值得支付的，但决不能忽视它们是真正的成本。”符合，“They”代指上文Most of those prices，故选G。
【18题详解】
上文“I believe the highest benefit of money is the ability to control your time. Being able to do what you want, when you want, where you want, with whom you want, for as long as you want, provides a lasting happiness greater than any fancy things can offer.(我相信金钱的最大好处是能够控制你的时间。能够做你想做的事情，在你想要的时候，在你想要的地方，和你想要的人在一起，只要你想要，能够提供一种持久的幸福，比任何花哨的东西都能提供。)”指出金钱的作用，相比于任何花哨的东西来说，金钱能提供一种持久的幸福，F项“拥有任何花哨的东西的兴奋感很快就消失了。”承接上文，从侧面强调金钱的作用，“fancy things”呼应上文“any fancy things”，故选F。
【19题详解】
下文“The person who makes $50,000 but only needs $40,000 to be happy is richer than the person who makes $150,000 but needs $151,000 to be happy.(赚5万美元但只需要4万美元就能快乐的人比赚15万美元但需要15.1万美元才能快乐的人更富有。)”举例子说明花更少的钱很重要，D项“学会如何用更少的钱生活是非常重要的。”符合，故选D。
【20题详解】
上文“As Napoleon defined, a military talent is the person “who can do the average thing when everyone else is losing his mind”.(正如拿破仑所定义的那样，军事天才是“当其他人都失去理智的时候，能够做一般事情的人”。)”用拿破仑的话来说军事天才不需要做出惊人的事情，下文“You don’t need to do amazing things to end up OK. Avoiding terrible mistakes is more powerful than any fancy finance tips.(你不需要做出惊人的事情来结束。避免可怕的错误比任何花哨的金融建议更有效。)”指出理财不需要做出惊人的事情，只需要避免可怕的错误，由此可知，空处应指出军事和理财是一样的，B项“理财也是一样的。”符合，故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I come from a long line of farmers. When my parents moved to Wisconsin, farming allowed them to ____21____ back to Laos, to the culture, and the land. Wisconsin’s cornfields ____22____ the rice fields of Laos. But for me as a child, farming was just a ____23____. I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans. My mom ____24____ me a big basket and it was my ____25____ to fill it. That was how I spent my summer vacation ____26____ my friends were either at camp or doing other fun activities.
I didn’t ____27____ how farming brought hope to my parents until I was an adult. I am a ____28____ removed from Laos and I have found that farming allows me to ____29____ my parents’ story. It allows me to see a little bit into their story. What I’ve _____30_____ from my mom is that you can grow just about anything. My mom wants to start growing _____31_____ like she did back in Laos. With a snowy climate, it is something I never thought _____32_____ here. To me, this shows resilience (适应力). Maybe it _____33_____ and maybe it doesn’t. But there is _____34_____ in that.
As a kid, I hated doing farm work and I never thought that someday I would say that I kind of _____35_____ putting my feet in the mud and weeding (除草) the corn.
21. A. connect B. head C. retire D. report
22 A. changed B. covered C. replaced D. affected
23. A. dream B. game C. chore D. mystery
24. A. sold B. gave C. sent D. lent
25. A. intention B. opportunity C. choice D. job
26. A. while B. if C. since D. until
27. A. regret B. monitor C. appreciate D. complain
28. A. generation B. graduate C. professional D. beginner
29. A. give away B. make up C. act out D. relate to
30. A. expected B. learned C. chosen D. demanded
31. A. corn B. rice C. beans D. flowers
32. A. flexible B. necessary C. legal D. possible
33. A. improves B. revives C. works D. exists
34. A. confusion B. permission C. balance D. hope
35. A. miss B. risk C. delay D. escape
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候不知道耕种对父母的意义，直到长大后才理解耕种给父母所带来的希望。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的父母搬去了威斯康星州时，农业使得他们与老挝，文化和土地产生联系。A. connect联系；B. head朝着……前进；C. retire退休；D. report报道。根据上文“I come from a long line of farmers.”可知，作者来自于农耕家庭，所以当他们搬到Wisconsin后，农业可以让他们与老挝产生联系的事物。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Wisconsin的玉米地代替了老挝的稻田。A. changed改变；B. covered覆盖；C. replaced代替；D. affected影响。根据下文“With a snowy climate, it is something I never thought ____12____ here. To me, this shows resilience (适应力).”可知，两地气候条件不一样，因此适宜种植的农作物也不一样。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对我一个孩子来说，农活只是一个家务。A. dream梦想；B. game游戏；C. chore家务；D. mystery神秘事物。根据下文“I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans.”可知，作为一个孩子，农活是她被分得的家务。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲给我一个大篮子，我的任务是把它装满。A. sold出售；B. gave给；C. sent发送；D. lent借。根据上文“I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans.”可知，母亲给我安排了农活任务，给我一个篮子帮助做农活。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲给我一个大篮子，我的任务是把它装满。A. intention目的；B. opportunity机会；C. choice选择；D. job工作。根据上文“I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans.”可知，作者被安排了农活，因此工作内容是把篮子装满。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：这就是我如何度过我的暑假，而我的同学不是在夏令营就是在有趣的活动。A. while然而；B. if如果；C. since自从；D. until直到。前后句意存在对比关系，应用while连接并列句。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到成年，我才理解耕种是如何给我的父母带来希望的。A. regret后悔；B. monitor监测；C. appreciate理解；D. complain抱怨。根据上文“But for me as a child, farming was just a ____3____.”可知，作者把农耕看做一项任务，而下文“someday I would say that I kind of ____15____ putting my feet in the mud and weeding (除草) the corn.”可知，作者成年后与父母一样，对农耕有着深深的怀念，从而开始理解父母。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是来自于老挝的一代人，我发现农业是的我能与父母的故事相联系。A. generation一代；B. graduate毕业生；C. professional专业人士；D. beginner初学者。根据上文“I come from a long line of farmers. When my parents moved to Wisconsin, farming allowed them to ____1____ back to Laos, to the culture, and the land.”可知，作者原本是来自于老挝，后家庭搬迁至威斯康星州。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我是老挝的一代人，我发现务农能让我能与父母的故事产生共鸣。A. give away泄露；B. make up弥补 ；C. act out表演；D. relate to了解。根据下文“ It allows me to see a little bit into their story.”可知，农耕能让她了解父母生活的文化土地。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从母亲那里所学到的是你可以种植任何东西。A. expected期望；B. learned学习；C. chosen选择；D. demanded要求。根据下文“is that you can grow just about anything”可知，此处指从母亲那里学到的东西。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我母亲想要种植水稻，就像她在老挝做的那样。A. corn谷物；B. rice水稻；C. beans豆子；D. flowers花。根据上文“Wisconsin’s cornfields ____2____ the rice fields of Laos.”可知，老挝种植的是水稻。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多雪的气候下，是我从未想过的。A. flexible柔韧的；B. necessary必要的；C. legal合法的；D. possible可能的。根据下文“To me, this shows resilience (适应力).”可知，两地气候不同，母亲想要在Wisconsin种植和在老挝种植的水稻一样，作者从未想过这个可能。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：可能它起作用了，也许没有。A. improves改善；B. revives复活；C. works起作用；D. exists存在。根据下文“But there is ____14____ in that.”可知，种下去的代表希望，可能成功了也可能没有。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但其中有希望。A. confusion困惑；B. permission许可；C. balance平衡；D. hope希望。根据上文“I didn’t ____7____ how farming brought hope to my parents until I was an adult.”可知，耕种给父母带来希望。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个孩子，我讨厌做农活，并且我从未想过有一天我会怀念双脚在泥巴地里在给玉米除草的感觉。A. miss想念；B. risk冒险；C. delay推迟；D. escape逃离。根据上文“As a kid, I hated doing farm work”可知，作者讨厌农活，及上文“I didn’t ____7____ how farming brought hope to my parents until I was an adult.”可知，作者已经开始理解农耕对于父母的意义，但作为孩子的她从未想过自己有一天也会和父母一样。故选A。
第二节(共3篇，10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
A
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
I experienced China’s Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia for the first time. The festival features horse racing, wrestling, and archery. I saw a lot of people wearing splendid Mongolian robes ____36____ learned about their ancestral tradition. In the unique wrestling competition, I ____37____ (move) by the show of strength and grace. Celebrating Naadam was ____38____ (absolute) worthwhile, and I eagerly hope to experience more of their culture in a ____39____ (tradition) Mongolian tent and enjoy hot pot in winter.
【答案】36. and
37. was moved
38. absolutely
39. traditional
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者在中国内蒙古第一次体验了那达慕节的趣事。
【36题详解】
考查连词。句意：句意：我看到很多人穿着华丽的蒙古长袍，并了解了他们祖先的传统。动词saw和动词learned表示并列，用连词and连接。故填and。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：在独特的摔跤比赛中，我被展示的力量和优雅所感动。描述过去的经历用一般过去时，be moved表示感到很感动，故填was moved。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：庆祝那达慕是绝对值得的，我热切地希望能在传统的蒙古帐篷里体验更多他们的文化，在冬天吃火锅。此处应用副词作状语来修饰形容词worthwhile，故填absolutely。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：庆祝那达慕是绝对值得的，我热切地希望能在传统的蒙古帐篷里体验更多他们的文化，在冬天吃火锅。此处应用形容词作定语来修饰名词tent，故填traditional。
B
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
Film scores play an important role in shaping the emotional impact of a movie ____40____ its viewers. They signal how to feel about what is happening on screen and are always ____41____ form of classical music. John Williams’ scores for Jaws and Star Wars are examples illustrating how a good score can improve the movie experience. Hans Zimmer’s and Tan Dun’s scores show different styles and ideas for film scores. While Zimmer’s and Williams’ scores are more conventional (传统的), Tan Dun’s classical music background allows his scores to stand alone as works of art without needing a film ____42____ (support) them.
【答案】40. on##upon
41. a 42. to support
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了三位与电影配乐相关的重要人物John Williams，HansZimme和Tan Dn以及他们的作品特点认为电影配乐同样存在艺术价值。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：电影配乐在塑造电影观众的情感影响方面发挥着重要作用。“对...的影响”是impact on或upon。故填on或upon。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它们表明了对屏幕上发生的事情的感受，并且总是一种古典音乐的形式。表示一种形式是a form of，用不定冠词。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：齐默和威廉姆斯的配乐比较传统，而谭盾的古典音乐背景使他的配乐不需要电影来支撑，就能成为独立的艺术作品。need something to do表示需要什么来做某事，不定式作目的状语。故填to support。
C
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
The term “car boot sale” refers to the selling of items from a car’s trunk (后备箱). Most of the goods on sale are used personal items with only a few of professional traders ____43____ (sell) goods. However, in a growing trend (趋势), all-year hard-standing outdoor boot sales, are now appearing everywhere, especially in China, ____44____ (know) as the trunk fairs. It is very welcoming to those ____45____ want to run their own business at a low cost. Items for sale are extremely varied, including snacks and soft drinks. The youth in China are exploring a new lifestyle through the trunk fairs.
【答案】43. selling
44. known 45. who##that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“行李箱旧物销售”指的是出售汽车后备箱里的物品。大部分的商品都是用过的个人物品，只有少数专业的商人出售商品。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：大部分的商品都是用过的个人物品，只有少数专业的商人出售商品。分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构，所以为非谓语动词形式，traders和动词sell为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填selling。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，一种日益增长的趋势是，全年不变的户外靴子销售现在无处不在，尤其是在中国，被称为trunk fairs。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，outdoor boot sales和动词know as为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填known。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它非常欢迎那些想以低成本经营自己的企业的人。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词who/that引导的定语从句，先行词those在从句中作主语成分。故填who/that。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英文报正在举办主题为“戏剧人物评析”的征文活动。请你从《百万英镑》中挑选一个人物，写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1. 人物介绍；
2. 你的评析。
注意：
1. 参考人物：Henry Adams, the brothers (Roderick and Oliver), the clerks or the owner in the tailor’s shop…；
2. 写作词数应为80左右；
3. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
After reading Mark Twain’s short story “The Million Pound Note”, I realize that we shouldn’t judge a person according to his appearance.
At first sight, the clerk decided that Henry Adams was a poor man who can’t afford the clothes in his store, so he led Henry Adams to a room and gave him a cheap suit that didn’t fit. However, he was shocked after receiving the note. Immediately he changed his attitude.
We should learn a lesson from the clerk: what one wears doesn’t necessarily show who he is. It is important to know a person through his inner qualities.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文，要求考生从《百万英镑》中挑选一个人物，写一篇短文投稿，对人物进行介绍并给出评析。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
根据：according to→ in terms of/based on
惊讶的：shocked→ surprised
立刻：immediately→ at once/right now
品质：quality→ character
2. 句式拓展
简单句合并为复合句
原句：However, he was shocked after receiving the note. Immediately he changed his attitude.
拓展句：However, he was shocked after he received the note, who immediately changed his attitude.
【点睛】【高分句型1】At first sight, the clerk decided that Henry Adams was a poor man who can’t afford the clothes in his store, so he led Henry Adams to a room and gave him a cheap suit that didn’t fit.(使用了so连接并列句、that引导宾语从句、who和that引导定语从句)
【高分句型2】We should learn a lesson from the clerk: what one wears doesn’t necessarily show who he is.(使用了what引导主语从句和who引导宾语从句)
第二节(满分15分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Every culture has a specific way of eating. North Americans and Europeans use forks, knives and spoons. In Asia, chopsticks are the top choice.
You might think it’s easy to use chopsticks, but actually it’s not as simple as it first appears. I learned this lesson a couple of years ago.
I had applied for a job with a Chinese-Canadian company in Vancouver. My new boss invited me out to lunch to celebrate my new job. He said we were going to eat in a Chinese restaurant in Chinatown. I was nervous. I knew we would be using chopsticks, and while I had tried many times to master the technique (技巧). I had failed in every attempt. How would I be able to make a good impression? Would they laugh at me? Would I make a complete fool of myself?
I went home that evening and cooked some rice and chicken. I put the food on my plate, and I spent the next hour attempting to learn how to use chopsticks. Try as I might, I could not hold the food with my chopsticks. I didn’t get much sleep that evening. I tossed and turned (辗转反侧) in bed, worrying about the coming lunch.
The next day, I could hardly contain my anxiety and headed to the restaurant. We were seated at an excellent table. My boss wrote out the food order, speaking to the waiter in Mandarin. My heart was beating wildly, but then I noticed a strange thing. Instead of the customary chopsticks, each of us had knives, forks and spoons.
I was confused at first, but then, it hit me. My boss knew that I would have trouble with the chopsticks. He wanted to save me from embarrassment, so he had called ahead and arranged for us to be served with knives and forks. I couldn’t believe how thoughtful he was.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Immediately, I made up my mind to take this opportunity to learn how to use chopsticks.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Immediately, I made up my mind to take this opportunity to learn how to use chopsticks. I asked the server to bring some chopsticks for me. When they arrived, I took them carefully in my hand. I looked up at my boss and we smiled at each other. As I grasped the chopsticks and took hold of a bit of rice and meat, trying to get them into my mouth, my fingers slipped and the food fell back to the plate. However, I didn’t give up, and eventually managed to eat my entire meal by using chopsticks. It felt like a great achievement to me. In the end, I wasn’t embarrassed at all. I’m glad that my new boss was so thoughtful a person that he could take everything into consideration.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和老板去吃饭，老板知道作者不会使用筷子，于是安排了刀叉。作者也抓住机会学习使用筷子。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由首句内容“我马上下定决心要抓住这个机会学习如何使用筷子”可知，后文可描写作者学习使用筷子的经过以及感受。
2.续写线索：决定学习使用筷子——使用筷子的经过——用筷子吃完饭——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①抓住机会：take this opportunity /seize the chance
②尝试：try/attempt
③决定：make up one’s mind/determine
情绪类
①高兴的：glad /delighted
②尴尬：embarrassed /awkward
【点睛】[高分句型1] When they arrived, I took them carefully in my hand. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] As I grasped the chopsticks and took hold of a bit of rice and meat, trying to get them into my mouth, my fingers slipped and the food fell back to the plate. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句和现在分词作状语)
听力答案：1-5BCABA 6-10BACAC 11-15BBCBC 16-20CACAB
厦门市2022-2023学年第二学期高一年级质量检测
英语试题
本试卷分五部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What will the man buy?
A. Pencils. B. An ice-cream. C. A shirt.
2. What does the woman want to do?
A. Have lunch with the man. B. Send an email to John.
C. Check the report.
3. What happened to the man?
A. He got wet in the rain. B. He lost his umbrella. C. He missed the bus.
4. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. At a gas station. B. On the road. C. At a repair shop.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Pictures. B. A camera. C. Holiday destinations.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where will the man get his luggage?
A. In Shanghai. B. In New York. C. In Seattle.
7. Which gate should the man go to?
A. Gate 15. B. Gate 20. C. Gate 26.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Strangers. C. Schoolmates.
9. When will the man go to the woman’s?
A. This Saturday afternoon. B. This Sunday afternoon.
C. Next Sunday evening.
10. What will the man do next?
A. Practice dancing. B. Go to a party. C. Prepare for an exam.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did the woman’s father do for her?
A. He bought her a piano. B. He told her history stories.
C. He got her some documentaries.
12. What did the woman’s grandpa buy for her?
A. Piano lessons. B. History books. C. Educational books.
13. What changed the woman’s mother’s mind?
A A story. B. A book. C. A diary.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. How many points did Jaymes score?
A. 10 points. B. 35 points. C. 45 points.
15. What does the woman suggest doing in the free time?
A. Watching basketball games. B. Exploring good places.
C. Practicing basketball.
16. Where will the speakers meet?
A. In the man’s house. B. By the lake. C. At the park.
17. When does the conversation take place?
A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What did the speaker do after her trip to Scotland?
A. She visited a park. B. She toured a castle. C. She joined a group.
19. How does the hotel protect the environment?
A. It offers reusable products. B. It provides cheap equipment.
C. It suggests showering for less time.
20. What was free in the festival?
A. Taking taxis. B. Riding buses. C. Renting bikes.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Join Sandra Oddo as she shares a variety of tips and skills for making wine at home using elderflowers and elderberries.
Items
Elderflower
Wine Recipe (食谱)
Elderberry
Wine Recipe
Ingredients
● Elderflowers (at least one quart);
● 1 gallon of boiling water per quart of flowers;
● 2 to 2-1/2 pounds of sugar per gallon of liquid;
● 2 lemons per gallon, juiced;
● 1 packet of dry wine yeast (酵母) per 5 gallons of liquid.
● Elderberries (at least 2 gallons);
● 1 gallon of boiling water per 2 gallons of berries;
● 3-1/2 to 4 pounds of sugar per gallon of boiled-down liquid;
● 1 packet of dry wine yeast per 5 gallons of liquid.
Instructions
● Cut a quart of flowers from the stems;
● Pour a gallon of boiling water over the flowers;
● Let the tea soak three or four days with the flowers pressed down under the liquid (they turn brown and ruin the color of the drink if they’re left in the air);
● Strain off the fluid and heat some of it to dissolve 2 to 2-1/2 pounds of sugar per gallon;
● Add the juice of 2 lemons per gallon along with yeast;
● Let the mixture work in a container with an air lock.
● Pick nice fat berries about two days ahead, remove them from the stems and smash up the fruit:
● Pour boiling water over the mixture, soaking for about a week;
● Keep the container covered with a towel to protect the working “must” from dust and the odd yeast floating around in the air;
● Strain off and save the juice and mix 3-1/2 to 4 pounds of sugar into each gallon of the liquid.
1. What is a different ingredient when we are making Elderflower Wine and Elderberry Wine?
A. Water. B. Lemon. C. Sugar. D. Yeast.
2. What is important to the nice color of the Elderflower Wine?
A. Cutting flowers from the stems. B. Pouring boiling water over flowers.
C. Pressing flowers down under the liquid. D. Adding an amount of sugar to the liquid.
3. What is the text?
A. A recipe. B. A science report. C. A wine list. D. A flower ad.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了Sandra Oddo用接骨木花和接骨木果在家里酿酒的技巧和技巧。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格Ingredients栏目中Elderflower Wine的成分为“1 gallon of boiling water per quart of flowers; 2 to 2-1/2 pounds of sugar per gallon of liquid; 2 lemons per gallon, juiced; 1 packet of dry wine yeast (酵母) per 5 gallons of liquid.”(每夸脱花加1加仑沸水；每加仑液体含2到2.5磅糖；每加仑2个柠檬，榨汁；每5加仑液体1包干葡萄酒酵母。) Elderberry Wine的成分为“1 gallon of boiling water per 2 gallons of berries; 3-1/2 to 4 pounds of sugar per gallon of boiled-down liquid; 1 packet of dry wine yeast per 5 gallons of liquid.”(每2加仑浆果需要1加仑沸水；每加仑煮沸的液体加3-1/2到4磅糖；每5加仑液体1包干葡萄酒酵母。)可知，不同的成分为柠檬。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中Elderflower Wine的说明“Let the tea soak three or four days with the flowers pressed down under the liquid (they turn brown and ruin the color of the drink if they’re left in the air)”(让茶叶浸泡三到四天，花被压在液体下面(如果它们留在空气中，它们会变成棕色，破坏饮料的颜色))可知，花被挤压在液体下面可以使得接骨木花酒的颜色鲜艳。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Join Sandra Oddo as she shares a variety of tips and skills for making wine at home using elderflowers and elderberries.”(和Sandra Oddo一起分享用接骨木花和接骨木果在家里酿酒的技巧和技巧。)可知，本文主要是介绍怎么酿酒的，所以本文为食谱类文章。故选A。
B
Robert Sansone, the winner of the 2022 George D. Yancopoulos Innovator Award, is a natural born engineer. From robotic hands to high-speed running boots, Sansone has worked on at least sixty engineering projects to date in his spare time. And he’s only 17 years old.
A couple years ago, Sansone came across a video about the advantages and disadvantages of electric cars. It explains that most electric car engines use rare-earth elements, which are costly, both financially and environmentally. In fact, 1kg of the rare-earth materials in question can cost up to several hundred dollars. With that sustainability issue, he wanted to solve it, so he tried and designed a different motor (发动机). His new motor, on the other hand, uses copper, which costs around $8 for 1kg.
The highschooler had heard of a type of electric motor — the Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SRM同步磁阻电动机) — that doesn’t use these rare-earth materials. This kind of motor is currently used for pumps and fans, but it isn’t powerful enough by itself to be used in an electric vehicle. So, Sansone started brainstorming ways he could improve its performance.
For over a year Sansone worked on the motor. It needed to be more efficient and have more rotational (旋转) force. The new motor was made from 3-D printed plastic, copper wires and a steel rotor and tested using a variety of meters to measure power. Sansone is now working on version 16 of his motor, which he plans to build out of stronger materials so he can test it at higher revolutions per minute.
As a rising senior, Sansone has dreamed of attending Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). His winnings from competitions will go toward college tuition. If his motor continues to perform with high speed and efficiency, he says he’ll move forward and cooperate with car companies. He hopes that one day his motor will be the design of choice for electric vehicles.
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 2?
A. To explain the use of electric car engines.
B. To stress the cost of the rare-earth materials.
C. To introduce a video of previous electric cars.
D. To show Sansone’s inspiration for his new motor.
5. Which aspect does Sansone mainly want to improve in SRM?
A. Its cost. B. Its size. C. Its power. D. Its weight.
6. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. He is studying in the MIT. B. He aims high for his motor.
C. He has started a motor company. D. He will enter a new competition.
7. Which of the following best describes Robert Sansone?
A. Gifted and determined. B. Caring and outgoing.
C. Humorous and energetic. D. Generous and hard-working.
【答案】4 D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了 Sansone发明设计一款不同的发动机的励志故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“A couple years ago, Sansone came across a video about the advantages and disadvantages of electric cars. It explains that most electric car engines use rare-earth elements, which are costly, both financially and environmentally. In fact, 1kg of the rare-earth materials in question can cost up to several hundred dollars. With that sustainability issue, he wanted to solve it, so he tried and designed a different motor (发动机).”（几年前，Sansone偶然发现了一段关于电动汽车优点和缺点的视频。它解释说，大多数电动汽车发动机都使用稀土元素，这在经济和环境方面都很昂贵。事实上，1公斤有问题的稀土材料的价格可能高达数百美元。对于可持续性问题，他想解决它，所以他尝试并设计了一种不同的电机）可知，作者写第二段的目的是展示Sansone的新发动机的灵感。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This kind of motor is currently used for pumps and fans, but it isn’t powerful enough by itself to be used in an electric vehicle. So, Sansone started brainstorming ways he could improve its performance.”（这种电机目前用于泵和风扇，但它本身不够强大，无法用于电动汽车。因此，Sansone开始集思广益，想办法提高它的性能。）可知，在SRM中，Sansone主要想要改进的是动力。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If his motor continues to perform with high speed and efficiency, he says he’ll move forward and cooperate with car companies. He hopes that one day his motor will be the design of choice for electric vehicles.”（他说，如果他的发动机继续保持高速和高效率，他将继续与汽车公司合作。他希望有一天他的马达能成为电动汽车的首选设计。）可知，他对他的马达寄予厚望。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“is a natural born engineer.”（一位天生的工程师），根据第三段“This kind of motor is currently used for pumps and fans, but it isn’t powerful enough by itself to be used in an electric vehicle. So, Sansone started brainstorming ways he could improve its performance.”（这种电机目前用于泵和风扇，但它本身不够强大，无法用于电动汽车。因此，Sansone开始集思广益，想办法提高它的性能。），根据最后一段“If his motor continues to perform with high speed and efficiency, he says he’ll move forward and cooperate with car companies. He hopes that one day his motor will be the design of choice for electric vehicles.”（他说，如果他的发动机继续保持高速和高效率，他将继续与汽车公司合作。他希望有一天他的马达能成为电动汽车的首选设计。）由此判断出，Sansone有天赋、有决心。故选A项。
C
Historians are often asked to examine the actions of our ancestors so we can repeat their wisdom and avoid their mistakes. But the present is just too different from the past. It is a waste of time to study Hannibal’s strategies in the Second Punic War so as to copy them in the Third World War. What worked well in cavalry battles will not necessarily be beneficial in cyber war. Studying history aims to loosen (松开) the hold of the past.
A young couple building a new home may ask the architect for a nice lawn (草坪) in the front yard. Why a lawn? “Because lawns are beautiful,” the couple might explain. But why do they think so?
The idea of growing a lawn at the entrance to private houses and public buildings was born in the castles of French and English aristocrats in the late Middle Ages. Well-kept lawns demanded land and a lot of work. In exchange, they produced nothing of value. The neat grass at the entrance to castles was a social position symbol nobody could pretend to have. Later the new parliaments (议会), supreme courts, presidential residences increasingly showed their power in row upon row of neat green grass. Humans came to identify lawns with political power, social position and economic wealth.
When you now come to plan your dream house, you might think twice about having a lawn in the front yard. You are of course still free to do it. But you are also free to shake off the cultural cargo given to you by the upper class. This is the best reason to learn history: not in order to guess the future, but to free yourself of the past and imagine different lives. Of course this is not total freedom — we cannot avoid being shaped by the past. But some freedom is better than none.
8. Why does the author mention Hannibal and cavalry battles in paragraph 1?
A. To illustrate why future cyber war is difficult.
B. To highlight how important historical warfare is.
C. To show that past experience may not suit the present.
D. To explain what strategies historical figures developed.
9. What does the author believe is the real reason for growing a lawn?
A. Its connection with power and wealth. B. Its high maintenance requirements.
C. Its origin from European castles. D. Its outstanding natural beauty.
10. What do the underlined words “cultural cargo” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Cultural mistakes. B. Cultural standards.
C. Historical buildings. D. Historical knowledge.
11. According to the author, studying history is to __________.
A. guess events in the future B. repeat wise decisions
C. understand cultural changes D. reduce the control from the past
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究历史的目的是为了摆脱过去的束缚。这是学习历史最好的理由：不是为了猜测未来，而是为了把自己从过去中解放出来，想象不同的生活。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Historians are often asked to examine the actions of our ancestors so we can repeat their wisdom and avoid their mistakes. But the present is just too different from the past. It is a waste of time to study Hannibal’s strategies in the Second Punic War so as to copy them in the Third World War. What worked well in cavalry battles will not necessarily be beneficial in cyber war. Studying history aims to loosen (松开) the hold of the past.”（历史学家经常被要求研究我们祖先的行为，这样我们就可以重复他们的智慧，避免他们的错误。但是现在和过去太不一样了。研究汉尼拔在第二次布匿战争中的战略，以便在第三次世界大战中照搬是浪费时间的。在骑兵战中行之有效的方法在网络战中不一定有用。研究历史的目的是为了摆脱过去的束缚。）可知，作者在第一段提到了汉尼拔和骑兵的战斗是为了表明过去的经验可能不适用于现在。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Later the new parliaments (议会), supreme courts, presidential residences increasingly showed their power in row upon row of neat green grass. Humans came to identify lawns with political power, social position and economic wealth.”（后来，新的议会、最高法院、总统官邸越来越多地在一排排整齐的绿草地上展示他们的权力。人类开始将草坪与政治权力、社会地位和经济财富联系起来。）可知，作者认为种植草坪的真正原因是它与权力和财富的联系。故选A项。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“When you now come to plan your dream house, you might think twice about having a lawn in the front yard. You are of course still free to do it.”（当你现在开始规划你梦想中的房子时，你可能会考虑在前院建草坪。当然，你仍然可以自由地这样做。）以及“This is the best reason to learn history: not in order to guess the future, but to free yourself of the past and imagine different lives.”（这是学习历史最好的理由：不是为了猜测未来，而是为了把自己从过去中解放出来，想象不同的生活。）可知，但你也可以自由地摆脱上层阶级给你的文化标准。故划线短语“cultural cargo”指的是文化标准。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Studying history aims to loosen (松开) the hold of the past.”（研究历史的目的是为了摆脱过去的束缚。）以及最后一段中“This is the best reason to learn history: not in order to guess the future, but to free yourself of the past and imagine different lives.”（这是学习历史最好的理由：不是为了猜测未来，而是为了把自己从过去中解放出来，想象不同的生活。）可推知，作者认为，学习历史是为了减少来自过去的控制。故选D项。
D
The first hibernation (冬眠) studies with human subjects could be workable within a decade, a European Space Agency (ESA) researcher thinks. Such experiments would make it possible for a science-fiction-like approach to long-time space missions that would see astronauts placed into protective sleep for weeks or months on their way to faraway destinations.
Experiments have shown that it’s possible to cause hibernation in otherwise non-hibernating animals, such as rats, and bring them safely back to life a few days later. “The rats receive a drug, a neurotransmitter substance (神经递质), and are brought into a dark space with reduced temperature,” Jurgen Bereiter-Hahn, a member of ESA’s hibernation research group said. “It works very nicely, but the problem is that you have to apply the drug repeatedly to maintain the state, which could have damaging effects over the longer term.”
The hibernating astronaut would not only save the agency cost for water, food and oxygen. Astronauts would, most likely, wake up rather fit, without suffering many of the negative side effects of long-term bed rest or living in microgravity. In fact, studies show that the slowed down cells of a hibernating body don’t get damaged by radiation (辐射). Besides, research in animals suggests that bodies of hibernating astronauts might lose much less bone and muscle mass than the bodies of those awake in microgravity. Upon arrival, these hibernators would thus be fit and ready to start challenging exploration almost straight away after regaining awareness.
These protective qualities make hibernation a possibility not just for spaceflight, but also for medicine. Just like astronauts in microgravity, patients in long-term bed rest waste away quickly. Slowing life processes to a minimum would provide what scientists call a “bridge”, a period of time that would allow physicians to look for solutions without racing against the clock. Although most current hibernation research is funded by space agencies, scientists think that the first human to be put into this state of hibernation will most likely be an ICU patient. Once the first human survives and benefits from hibernation, things will likely start moving forward much faster.
12. According to paragraph 1, what do the hibernation studies mainly aim to do?
A. Improve sleep quality in space. B. Investigate hibernation mystery.
C. Promote manned space exploration. D. Enrich science fiction writing methods.
13. What is a challenge in the hibernation experiments?
A. Ensuring proper lighting. B. Bringing animals back to life.
C. Maintaining low temperature. D. Controlling possible side effects.
14. What advantage might hibernation bring to astronauts?
A. It might help to keep physical fitness. B. It might increase long-term bed rest.
C. It might decrease radiation contact. D. It might raise mental awareness.
15. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. The role of physicians in monitoring hibernating patients.
B. The possible application of hibernation beyond spaceflight.
C. The importance for increasing funds for hibernation research.
D. The need of human experiments in advancing hibernation studies.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了欧洲航天局(ESA)的一名研究人员认为，首次以人类为研究对象的冬眠研究可能在十年内实现。这样的实验将使像科幻小说一样的长期太空任务成为可能，宇航员将在前往遥远目的地的途中进入保护性睡眠数周或数月。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The first hibernation (冬眠) studies with human subjects could be workable within a decade, a European Space Agency (ESA) researcher thinks. Such experiments would make it possible for a science-fiction-like approach to long-time space missions that would see astronauts placed into protective sleep for weeks or months on their way to faraway destinations.”（欧洲航天局(ESA)的一名研究人员认为，首次以人类为研究对象的冬眠研究可能在十年内实现。这样的实验将使像科幻小说一样的长期太空任务成为可能，宇航员将在前往遥远目的地的途中进入保护性睡眠数周或数月。）可推知，根据第一段，冬眠研究的主要目的是推进载人航天探索。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中““It works very nicely, but the problem is that you have to apply the drug repeatedly to maintain the state, which could have damaging effects over the longer term.””（“效果很好，但问题是，你必须反复使用这种药物来维持这种状态，从长远来看，这可能会产生破坏性的影响。”）可知，冬眠实验的挑战是控制可能的副作用。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The hibernating astronaut would not only save the agency cost for water, food and oxygen. Astronauts would, most likely, wake up rather fit, without suffering many of the negative side effects of long-term bed rest or living in microgravity.”（冬眠的宇航员不仅可以节省机构在水、食物和氧气方面的成本。宇航员很可能醒来时身体相当健康，不会遭受长期卧床休息或生活在微重力环境中的许多负面影响。）可知，冬眠会给宇航员带来的好处是它可能有助于保持身体健康。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“These protective qualities make hibernation a possibility not just for spaceflight, but also for medicine. Just like astronauts in microgravity, patients in long-term bed rest waste away quickly. Slowing life processes to a minimum would provide what scientists call a “bridge”, a period of time that would allow physicians to look for solutions without racing against the clock.”（这些保护特性使得冬眠不仅可以用于太空飞行，也可以用于医学。就像宇航员在微重力环境下一样，长期卧床休息的病人很快就会消瘦。将生命过程减缓到最低限度将提供科学家所说的“桥梁”，这段时间将允许医生在不与时间赛跑的情况下寻找解决方案。）可知，最后一段主要讲的是冬眠在太空飞行之外的可能应用。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We welcomed a daughter into the world yesterday. One day, when. she needs financial advice, here’s what I’ll tell her.
It is easy to assume that wealth and poverty (贫困) are caused by the choices we make, but chance plays a bigger role than most people want to admit. ____16____ But realize not all success is due to hard work, and not all poverty is due to laziness. Keep this in mind when judging people, including yourself.
Everything has a price. The price of a busy job is time away from friends and family. The price of spoiling (宠溺) kids is their sheltered life. Most of those prices are hidden. ____17____ Accepting this, you’ll view things like time and relationships as valuable as cash.
I believe the highest benefit of money is the ability to control your time. Being able to do what you want, when you want, where you want, with whom you want, for as long as you want, provides a lasting happiness greater than any fancy things can offer. ____18____ Having enough savings to give you time and options never gets old.
____19____ You have more control over it than your income. The person who makes $50,000 but only needs $40,000 to be happy is richer than the person who makes $150,000 but needs $151,000 to be happy.
As Napoleon defined, a military talent is the person “who can do the average thing when everyone else is losing his mind”. ____20____ You don’t need to do amazing things to end up OK. Avoiding terrible mistakes is more powerful than any fancy finance tips.
A. We’re not going to spoil you.
B. Managing money is the same.
C. I want you to believe in the values of hard work.
D. Learning how to live with less is very important.
E. You just have to not mess up for long periods of time.
F. The excitement of having fancy things wears off quickly.
G. They’re often worth paying, but never ignore that they are true costs.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一些理财建议。
【16题详解】
由下文“But realize not all success is due to hard work, and not all poverty is due to laziness. (但是要意识到并不是所有的成功都来自于努力工作，也不是所有的贫穷都来自于懒惰。)”中的But可知，前后是转折关系，C项“我希望你相信努力工作的价值。”符合，“values of hard work”呼应下文“hard work”，故选C。
【17题详解】
上文“The price of a busy job is time away from friends and family. The price of spoiling (宠溺) kids is their sheltered life. Most of those prices are hidden(忙碌工作代价是远离朋友和家人。宠坏孩子的代价就是他们的生活被庇护起来。大部分的代价都是隐藏的。)”举例子说明一切都有代价，其中大部分代价都是隐藏，不易被发现的，空处承接上文，对此进行继续描述，G项“它们通常是值得支付的，但决不能忽视它们是真正的成本。”符合，“They”代指上文Most of those prices，故选G。
【18题详解】
上文“I believe the highest benefit of money is the ability to control your time. Being able to do what you want, when you want, where you want, with whom you want, for as long as you want, provides a lasting happiness greater than any fancy things can offer.(我相信金钱的最大好处是能够控制你的时间。能够做你想做的事情，在你想要的时候，在你想要的地方，和你想要的人在一起，只要你想要，能够提供一种持久的幸福，比任何花哨的东西都能提供。)”指出金钱的作用，相比于任何花哨的东西来说，金钱能提供一种持久的幸福，F项“拥有任何花哨的东西的兴奋感很快就消失了。”承接上文，从侧面强调金钱的作用，“fancy things”呼应上文“any fancy things”，故选F。
【19题详解】
下文“The person who makes $50,000 but only needs $40,000 to be happy is richer than the person who makes $150,000 but needs $151,000 to be happy.(赚5万美元但只需要4万美元就能快乐的人比赚15万美元但需要15.1万美元才能快乐的人更富有。)”举例子说明花更少的钱很重要，D项“学会如何用更少的钱生活是非常重要的。”符合，故选D。
【20题详解】
上文“As Napoleon defined, a military talent is the person “who can do the average thing when everyone else is losing his mind”.(正如拿破仑所定义的那样，军事天才是“当其他人都失去理智的时候，能够做一般事情的人”。)”用拿破仑的话来说军事天才不需要做出惊人的事情，下文“You don’t need to do amazing things to end up OK. Avoiding terrible mistakes is more powerful than any fancy finance tips.(你不需要做出惊人的事情来结束。避免可怕的错误比任何花哨的金融建议更有效。)”指出理财不需要做出惊人的事情，只需要避免可怕的错误，由此可知，空处应指出军事和理财是一样的，B项“理财也是一样的。”符合，故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I come from a long line of farmers. When my parents moved to Wisconsin, farming allowed them to ____21____ back to Laos, to the culture, and the land. Wisconsin’s cornfields ____22____ the rice fields of Laos. But for me as a child, farming was just a ____23____. I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans. My mom ____24____ me a big basket and it was my ____25____ to fill it. That was how I spent my summer vacation ____26____ my friends were either at camp or doing other fun activities.
I didn’t ____27____ how farming brought hope to my parents until I was an adult. I am a ____28____ removed from Laos and I have found that farming allows me to ____29____ my parents’ story. It allows me to see a little bit into their story. What I’ve _____30_____ from my mom is that you can grow just about anything. My mom wants to start growing _____31_____ like she did back in Laos. With a snowy climate, it is something I never thought _____32_____ here. To me, this shows resilience (适应力). Maybe it _____33_____ and maybe it doesn’t. But there is _____34_____ in that.
As a kid, I hated doing farm work and I never thought that someday I would say that I kind of _____35_____ putting my feet in the mud and weeding (除草) the corn.
21. A. connect B. head C. retire D. report
22 A. changed B. covered C. replaced D. affected
23. A. dream B. game C. chore D. mystery
24. A. sold B. gave C. sent D. lent
25. A. intention B. opportunity C. choice D. job
26. A. while B. if C. since D. until
27. A. regret B. monitor C. appreciate D. complain
28. A. generation B. graduate C. professional D. beginner
29. A. give away B. make up C. act out D. relate to
30. A. expected B. learned C. chosen D. demanded
31. A. corn B. rice C. beans D. flowers
32. A. flexible B. necessary C. legal D. possible
33. A. improves B. revives C. works D. exists
34. A. confusion B. permission C. balance D. hope
35. A. miss B. risk C. delay D. escape
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候不知道耕种对父母的意义，直到长大后才理解耕种给父母所带来的希望。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的父母搬去了威斯康星州时，农业使得他们与老挝，文化和土地产生联系。A. connect联系；B. head朝着……前进；C. retire退休；D. report报道。根据上文“I come from a long line of farmers.”可知，作者来自于农耕家庭，所以当他们搬到Wisconsin后，农业可以让他们与老挝产生联系的事物。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Wisconsin的玉米地代替了老挝的稻田。A. changed改变；B. covered覆盖；C. replaced代替；D. affected影响。根据下文“With a snowy climate, it is something I never thought ____12____ here. To me, this shows resilience (适应力).”可知，两地气候条件不一样，因此适宜种植的农作物也不一样。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对我一个孩子来说，农活只是一个家务。A. dream梦想；B. game游戏；C. chore家务；D. mystery神秘事物。根据下文“I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans.”可知，作为一个孩子，农活是她被分得的家务。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲给我一个大篮子，我的任务是把它装满。A. sold出售；B. gave给；C. sent发送；D. lent借。根据上文“I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans.”可知，母亲给我安排了农活任务，给我一个篮子帮助做农活。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲给我一个大篮子，我的任务是把它装满。A. intention目的；B. opportunity机会；C. choice选择；D. job工作。根据上文“I would be assigned (分配) a row of green beans.”可知，作者被安排了农活，因此工作内容是把篮子装满。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：这就是我如何度过我的暑假，而我的同学不是在夏令营就是在有趣的活动。A. while然而；B. if如果；C. since自从；D. until直到。前后句意存在对比关系，应用while连接并列句。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到成年，我才理解耕种是如何给我的父母带来希望的。A. regret后悔；B. monitor监测；C. appreciate理解；D. complain抱怨。根据上文“But for me as a child, farming was just a ____3____.”可知，作者把农耕看做一项任务，而下文“someday I would say that I kind of ____15____ putting my feet in the mud and weeding (除草) the corn.”可知，作者成年后与父母一样，对农耕有着深深的怀念，从而开始理解父母。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是来自于老挝的一代人，我发现农业是的我能与父母的故事相联系。A. generation一代；B. graduate毕业生；C. professional专业人士；D. beginner初学者。根据上文“I come from a long line of farmers. When my parents moved to Wisconsin, farming allowed them to ____1____ back to Laos, to the culture, and the land.”可知，作者原本是来自于老挝，后家庭搬迁至威斯康星州。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我是老挝的一代人，我发现务农能让我能与父母的故事产生共鸣。A. give away泄露；B. make up弥补 ；C. act out表演；D. relate to了解。根据下文“ It allows me to see a little bit into their story.”可知，农耕能让她了解父母生活的文化土地。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从母亲那里所学到的是你可以种植任何东西。A. expected期望；B. learned学习；C. chosen选择；D. demanded要求。根据下文“is that you can grow just about anything”可知，此处指从母亲那里学到的东西。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我母亲想要种植水稻，就像她在老挝做的那样。A. corn谷物；B. rice水稻；C. beans豆子；D. flowers花。根据上文“Wisconsin’s cornfields ____2____ the rice fields of Laos.”可知，老挝种植的是水稻。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多雪的气候下，是我从未想过的。A. flexible柔韧的；B. necessary必要的；C. legal合法的；D. possible可能的。根据下文“To me, this shows resilience (适应力).”可知，两地气候不同，母亲想要在Wisconsin种植和在老挝种植的水稻一样，作者从未想过这个可能。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：可能它起作用了，也许没有。A. improves改善；B. revives复活；C. works起作用；D. exists存在。根据下文“But there is ____14____ in that.”可知，种下去的代表希望，可能成功了也可能没有。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但其中有希望。A. confusion困惑；B. permission许可；C. balance平衡；D. hope希望。根据上文“I didn’t ____7____ how farming brought hope to my parents until I was an adult.”可知，耕种给父母带来希望。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个孩子，我讨厌做农活，并且我从未想过有一天我会怀念双脚在泥巴地里在给玉米除草的感觉。A. miss想念；B. risk冒险；C. delay推迟；D. escape逃离。根据上文“As a kid, I hated doing farm work”可知，作者讨厌农活，及上文“I didn’t ____7____ how farming brought hope to my parents until I was an adult.”可知，作者已经开始理解农耕对于父母的意义，但作为孩子的她从未想过自己有一天也会和父母一样。故选A。
第二节(共3篇，10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
A
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
I experienced China’s Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia for the first time. The festival features horse racing, wrestling, and archery. I saw a lot of people wearing splendid Mongolian robes ____36____ learned about their ancestral tradition. In the unique wrestling competition, I ____37____ (move) by the show of strength and grace. Celebrating Naadam was ____38____ (absolute) worthwhile, and I eagerly hope to experience more of their culture in a ____39____ (tradition) Mongolian tent and enjoy hot pot in winter.
【答案】36. and
37. was moved
38. absolutely
39. traditional
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者在中国内蒙古第一次体验了那达慕节的趣事。
【36题详解】
考查连词。句意：句意：我看到很多人穿着华丽的蒙古长袍，并了解了他们祖先的传统。动词saw和动词learned表示并列，用连词and连接。故填and。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：在独特的摔跤比赛中，我被展示的力量和优雅所感动。描述过去的经历用一般过去时，be moved表示感到很感动，故填was moved。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：庆祝那达慕是绝对值得的，我热切地希望能在传统的蒙古帐篷里体验更多他们的文化，在冬天吃火锅。此处应用副词作状语来修饰形容词worthwhile，故填absolutely。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：庆祝那达慕是绝对值得的，我热切地希望能在传统的蒙古帐篷里体验更多他们的文化，在冬天吃火锅。此处应用形容词作定语来修饰名词tent，故填traditional。
B
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
Film scores play an important role in shaping the emotional impact of a movie ____40____ its viewers. They signal how to feel about what is happening on screen and are always ____41____ form of classical music. John Williams’ scores for Jaws and Star Wars are examples illustrating how a good score can improve the movie experience. Hans Zimmer’s and Tan Dun’s scores show different styles and ideas for film scores. While Zimmer’s and Williams’ scores are more conventional (传统的), Tan Dun’s classical music background allows his scores to stand alone as works of art without needing a film ____42____ (support) them.
【答案】40. on##upon
41. a 42. to support
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了三位与电影配乐相关的重要人物John Williams，HansZimme和Tan Dn以及他们的作品特点认为电影配乐同样存在艺术价值。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：电影配乐在塑造电影观众的情感影响方面发挥着重要作用。“对...的影响”是impact on或upon。故填on或upon。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它们表明了对屏幕上发生的事情的感受，并且总是一种古典音乐的形式。表示一种形式是a form of，用不定冠词。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：齐默和威廉姆斯的配乐比较传统，而谭盾的古典音乐背景使他的配乐不需要电影来支撑，就能成为独立的艺术作品。need something to do表示需要什么来做某事，不定式作目的状语。故填to support。
C
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
The term “car boot sale” refers to the selling of items from a car’s trunk (后备箱). Most of the goods on sale are used personal items with only a few of professional traders ____43____ (sell) goods. However, in a growing trend (趋势), all-year hard-standing outdoor boot sales, are now appearing everywhere, especially in China, ____44____ (know) as the trunk fairs. It is very welcoming to those ____45____ want to run their own business at a low cost. Items for sale are extremely varied, including snacks and soft drinks. The youth in China are exploring a new lifestyle through the trunk fairs.
【答案】43. selling
44. known 45. who##that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“行李箱旧物销售”指的是出售汽车后备箱里的物品。大部分的商品都是用过的个人物品，只有少数专业的商人出售商品。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：大部分的商品都是用过的个人物品，只有少数专业的商人出售商品。分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构，所以为非谓语动词形式，traders和动词sell为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填selling。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，一种日益增长的趋势是，全年不变的户外靴子销售现在无处不在，尤其是在中国，被称为trunk fairs。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，outdoor boot sales和动词know as为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填known。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它非常欢迎那些想以低成本经营自己的企业的人。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词who/that引导的定语从句，先行词those在从句中作主语成分。故填who/that。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英文报正在举办主题为“戏剧人物评析”的征文活动。请你从《百万英镑》中挑选一个人物，写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1. 人物介绍；
2. 你的评析。
注意：
1. 参考人物：Henry Adams, the brothers (Roderick and Oliver), the clerks or the owner in the tailor’s shop…；
2. 写作词数应为80左右；
3. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
After reading Mark Twain’s short story “The Million Pound Note”, I realize that we shouldn’t judge a person according to his appearance.
At first sight, the clerk decided that Henry Adams was a poor man who can’t afford the clothes in his store, so he led Henry Adams to a room and gave him a cheap suit that didn’t fit. However, he was shocked after receiving the note. Immediately he changed his attitude.
We should learn a lesson from the clerk: what one wears doesn’t necessarily show who he is. It is important to know a person through his inner qualities.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文，要求考生从《百万英镑》中挑选一个人物，写一篇短文投稿，对人物进行介绍并给出评析。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
根据：according to→ in terms of/based on
惊讶的：shocked→ surprised
立刻：immediately→ at once/right now
品质：quality→ character
2. 句式拓展
简单句合并为复合句
原句：However, he was shocked after receiving the note. Immediately he changed his attitude.
拓展句：However, he was shocked after he received the note, who immediately changed his attitude.
【点睛】【高分句型1】At first sight, the clerk decided that Henry Adams was a poor man who can’t afford the clothes in his store, so he led Henry Adams to a room and gave him a cheap suit that didn’t fit.(使用了so连接并列句、that引导宾语从句、who和that引导定语从句)
【高分句型2】We should learn a lesson from the clerk: what one wears doesn’t necessarily show who he is.(使用了what引导主语从句和who引导宾语从句)
第二节(满分15分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Every culture has a specific way of eating. North Americans and Europeans use forks, knives and spoons. In Asia, chopsticks are the top choice.
You might think it’s easy to use chopsticks, but actually it’s not as simple as it first appears. I learned this lesson a couple of years ago.
I had applied for a job with a Chinese-Canadian company in Vancouver. My new boss invited me out to lunch to celebrate my new job. He said we were going to eat in a Chinese restaurant in Chinatown. I was nervous. I knew we would be using chopsticks, and while I had tried many times to master the technique (技巧). I had failed in every attempt. How would I be able to make a good impression? Would they laugh at me? Would I make a complete fool of myself?
I went home that evening and cooked some rice and chicken. I put the food on my plate, and I spent the next hour attempting to learn how to use chopsticks. Try as I might, I could not hold the food with my chopsticks. I didn’t get much sleep that evening. I tossed and turned (辗转反侧) in bed, worrying about the coming lunch.
The next day, I could hardly contain my anxiety and headed to the restaurant. We were seated at an excellent table. My boss wrote out the food order, speaking to the waiter in Mandarin. My heart was beating wildly, but then I noticed a strange thing. Instead of the customary chopsticks, each of us had knives, forks and spoons.
I was confused at first, but then, it hit me. My boss knew that I would have trouble with the chopsticks. He wanted to save me from embarrassment, so he had called ahead and arranged for us to be served with knives and forks. I couldn’t believe how thoughtful he was.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Immediately, I made up my mind to take this opportunity to learn how to use chopsticks.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Immediately, I made up my mind to take this opportunity to learn how to use chopsticks. I asked the server to bring some chopsticks for me. When they arrived, I took them carefully in my hand. I looked up at my boss and we smiled at each other. As I grasped the chopsticks and took hold of a bit of rice and meat, trying to get them into my mouth, my fingers slipped and the food fell back to the plate. However, I didn’t give up, and eventually managed to eat my entire meal by using chopsticks. It felt like a great achievement to me. In the end, I wasn’t embarrassed at all. I’m glad that my new boss was so thoughtful a person that he could take everything into consideration.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和老板去吃饭，老板知道作者不会使用筷子，于是安排了刀叉。作者也抓住机会学习使用筷子。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由首句内容“我马上下定决心要抓住这个机会学习如何使用筷子”可知，后文可描写作者学习使用筷子的经过以及感受。
2.续写线索：决定学习使用筷子——使用筷子的经过——用筷子吃完饭——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①抓住机会：take this opportunity /seize the chance
②尝试：try/attempt
③决定：make up one’s mind/determine
情绪类
①高兴的：glad /delighted
②尴尬：embarrassed /awkward
【点睛】[高分句型1] When they arrived, I took them carefully in my hand. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] As I grasped the chopsticks and took hold of a bit of rice and meat, trying to get them into my mouth, my fingers slipped and the food fell back to the plate. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句和现在分词作状语)
听力答案：1-5BCABA 6-10BACAC 11-15BBCBC 16-20CACAB
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