福建省福州市八县（市、区）一中2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末联考试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份福建省福州市八县（市、区）一中2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末联考试题（Word版附解析），共25页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022—2023学年度第一学期八县(市.区)一中期末联考
高中二年英语科试卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man advised to do?
A. Have a good rest. B.Get off work later. C.Learn more technology.
2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A.Teacher and student. B.Boss and secretary. C.Classmates.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.Their dog. B.A storm. C.Their house.
4. For what will the woman see the doctor?
A.A stomachache. B.A headache. C.Knee pain.
5. When will the speakers meet?
A.At 6:00. B.At 6:30. C.At 6:45.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why is the traffic so bad today?
A.The road sits at the center of the downtown.
B.There is a traffic accident ahead.
C.It is the morning rush hour.
7. What will the man probably do next?
A.Drive more slowly. B.Drop the woman off. C.Take another route.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the man plan to do tomorrow?
A.Do some shopping. B.Attend a party. C.Go fishing.
9. What will the speakers buy for Uncle Harold?
A.A fishing pole. B.A camera. C.A bag.
10. What does the man suggest doing in the end?
A. Holding a surprise party.
B. Walking around for a while.
C. Having something to drink.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What happened to Dan?
A.He failed the last competition.
B.He hurt his leg when swimming.
C.He missed lots of football practice.
12. When will the speakers get to school?
A.At 5:30. B.At 6:00. C.At 6:15.
13. How will the girl get to school?
A.By car. B.On foot. C.By bus.
听第9段材料，回答第13至17题。
14. Why does the woman want to buy a hat?
A.To get it for her sister.
B.To avoid getting sunburned.
C.To attend her sister’s wedding.
15. Whom does the woman buy the DVD for?
A.Her husband. B.Her daughter. C.Herself.
16 Where can the woman get the books?
A.On the first floor. B.On the second floor. C.On the fourth floor.
17. How does the woman find the man?
A.Impatient. B.Helpful. C.Serious.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What should the listeners bring?
A.A camera. B.Drinks. C.A jacket.
19. What do the listeners need to do this evening?
A.Review the notes. B.Draw a map of a village. C.Ask the teachers for a map.
20. What will the listeners do tomorrow evening?
A.Visit a theater. B.Sleep in the village. C.Enjoy a performance.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Everyone knows that the population of the world is the largest ever. As more and more people are born and grow to an older average age than previous generations, everyone on the earth has a responsibility to feed this ever-growing population.
One possible solution to this is vertical (垂直的) farming. While humans have farmed and worked the land as long as history has recorded events, how much humans’ farming has changed! From hands to ancient tools to animals to advanced machinery, the agricultural scenes have changed greatly over the centuries.
Now new and improved farming methods have been considered and studied to keep up with demand. With vertical farming, food is grown vertically by using existing buildings or shipping containers.
Unlike traditional farming that relies on Mother Nature, vertical farming often relies on CEA technology, also known as Controlled Environment Agriculture. With this approach, humans affect light, temperature, gases and more, thus controlling the environment in which plants grow.
The technology used in vertical farming is just expanding into greenhouses, where light and temperature are man-controlled. The final goal of vertical farming is to produce the most possible crops with the least possible space.
Vertical farming has many advantages. There are some other benefits as well.
With more and more humans living in heavily populated areas, vertical farming allows humans to be prepared for the future with continued population growth and increased movements to cities.
In vertical farming, since the environment in which plants grow is controlled by humans, farming can happen all the year round and is not dependent on seasons and weather. It can possibly use 95% less water than traditional farming. Besides, it is easier to produce organic crops in such a controlled environment, and farm chemicals will not be needed to protect the plants. This means less pollution in the environment.
1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly show?
A. The struggle to control the population. B. The responsibility of previous generations.
C. The need to feed an increasing population. D. The importance of protecting the earth.
2. What makes vertical farming possible?
A. The birth of CEA technology. B. The change of weather.
C. More favorable air conditions in higher places. D. New advances in research on high-quality soils.
3. What is special about vertical farming compared to traditional farming?
A. It uses much less water. B. It relies more on the seasons.
C. It needs more farm chemicals. D. It needs no light.
4. Where is the passage most probably taken from?
A. An advertisement. B. An agricultural magazine.
C. A heath journal. D. A news report.
5. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Traditional Farming’s Methods and Measures
B. Vertical Farming Is the Future
C. Traditional Farming Comes to an End
D. Advantages and Disadvantages of Vertical Farming
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了垂直农业的优势和未来发展前景。
【1题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“As more and more people are born and grow to an older average age than previous generations, everyone on the earth has a responsibility to feed this ever-growing population.(随着越来越多的人出生并成长到比前几代人更老的平均年龄，地球上的每个人都有责任养活不断增长的人口)”可知，第一段主要陈述养活一个不断增长的人口的需要。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Unlike traditional farming that relies on Mother Nature, vertical farming often relies on CEA technology, also known as Controlled Environment Agriculture.(与依赖大自然的传统农业不同，垂直农业通常依赖CEA技术，也被称为可控环境农业)”可知，是CEA技术的诞生让垂直农业成为可能。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It can possibly use 95% less water than traditional farming.(它可能比传统农业少用95%的水)”可知，垂直耕作与传统耕作相比特别之处在于它用水很少。故选A。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了垂直农业的优势和未来发展前景。由此推知，文章选自农业杂志。故选B。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段“Vertical farming has many advantages.(垂直农业有很多优点)”，倒数第二段“With more and more humans living in heavily populated areas, vertical farming allows humans to be prepared for the future with continued population growth and increased movements to cities.(随着越来越多的人生活在人口稠密的地区，垂直农业使人类能够为未来做好准备，人口持续增长，人口向城市的流动增加)”,和最后一段的“Besides, it is easier to produce organic crops in such a controlled environment, and farm chemicals will not be needed to protect the plants. This means less pollution in the environment.(此外，在这样一个受控的环境中生产有机作物更容易，而且不需要农用化学品来保护植物。这意味着环境污染减少。)”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了垂直农业的优势和未来发展前景。故B选项“垂直农业是未来的趋势”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
B
When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951 her mother told her, “Be sure and take a typing course so when this show business thing doesn’t work out, you’ll have something to rely on.” Mary responded in typical teenage fashion. From that moment on, “the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course,” she recalls.
The show business thing worked out, of course. In her career, Mary won many awards. Only recently, when she began to write Growing Up Again, did she regret ignoring her mom, “I don’t know how to use a computer,” she admits.
Unlike her 1995 autobiography, after all, her second book is less about life as an award-winning actress and more about living with diabetes (糖尿病). All the money from the book is intended for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF), an organization she serves as international chairman. “I felt there was a need for a book like this,” she says. “I didn’t want to lecture, but I wanted other diabetics to know that things get better when we’re self-controlled and do our part in managing the disease.”
But she hasn’t always practiced what she teaches. In her book, she describes that awful day, almost 40 years ago, when she received two pieces of life-changing news. First, she had lost the baby she was carrying, and second, tests showed that she had diabetes. In a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts (甜甜圈). Years would pass before she realized she had to grow up-again-and take control of her diabetes, not let it control her. Only then did she kick her three-pack-a-day cigarette habit, overcome her addiction to alcohol, and begin to follow a balanced diet.
Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced her to the sidelines of the dance floor, she refuses to fall into self-pity. “Everybody on earth can ask, ‘why me?’ about something or other,” she insists. “It doesn’t do any good. No one is immune (免疫的) to heartache, pain, and disappointments. Sometimes we can make things better by helping others. I’ve come to realize the importance of that as I’ve grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be. ”
6. Why did Mary feel regretful?
A. She didn’t complete her high school. B. She didn’t follow her mother’s advice.
C. She didn’t take care of her mother. D. She didn’t achieve her ambition.
7. What can we know about Mary before 1995?
A. She had two books published. B. She knew how to use a computer.
C. She supported the JDRF by writing. D. She received many career awards.
8. What is Mary's second book Growing Up Again mainly about?
A. Her remembrance of her mother. B. Her successful show business.
C. Her living with diabetes. D. Her service for an organization.
9. What did Mary do when she received the life-changing news?
A. She began a balanced diet. B. She behaved in an adult way.
C. She med to get a treatment. D. She lost control of herself.
10. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. Mary wants to help others as much as possible.
B. Mary determines to go back to the dance floor.
C. Mary has recovered from her disease.
D. Mary feels pity for herself.
【答案】6. B 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述的是Mary Moore 的职业生涯及她的抗病历程。Mary Moore在患有糖尿病的情况下，还坚持写她与糖尿病的抗病历程，然后把稿酬都捐献给了糖尿病研究机构。尽管她的疾病已经严重影响到了她的健康，但是她仍然致力于帮助别人。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Only recently, when she began to write Growing Up Again, did she regret ignoring her mom, “I don’t know how to use a computer,” she admits.(直到最近，当她开始写 Growing Up Again时，她才后悔忽视了她的妈妈，“我不知道怎么用电脑，”她承认道)”可知，她为没有接受妈妈的建议而后悔。故选B。
7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“In her career, Mary won many awards.(在她的职业生涯中，玛丽获得了许多奖项)”以及第三段第一句“Unlike her 1995 autobiography, After All, her second book is less about life as an award-winning actress and more about living with diabetes.(不像她的1995年的自传，毕竟，她的第二本书很少再反映作为一个获奖演员的生活，而是更多写了有关忍受糖尿病的事情)”可知，在1995年之前，Mary获得了许多职业奖项。故选D。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Unlike her 1995 autobiography, After All, her second book is less about life as an award-winning actress and more about living with diabetes.(不像她的1995年的自传，毕竟，她的第二本书很少再反映作为一个获奖演员的生活，而是更多写了有关忍受糖尿病的事情)”可知，Mary的第二本书《再次长大》主要讲的是她患糖尿病的生活。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“In her book, she describes that awful day, almost 40 years ago, when she received two pieces of life-changing news. First, she had lost the baby she was carrying, and second, tests showed that she had diabetes. In a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts (甜甜圈).(在她的书中，她描述了那可怕的一天，大约40年前，当她收到两条改变人生的消息。首先，她失去了自己怀的孩子，其次，检查显示她患有糖尿病。像孩子一样，她离开医院，给自己买了一盒甜甜圈) ”可知，当Mary收到这个改变她一生的消息时，她失去了控制。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.(我想说出来，尽我所能帮助别人)”可知，Mary想尽可能多地帮助别人。故选A。
C
Scientists say a huge percentage of bird species are in danger because their habitats, or homelands, are disappearing.
Traditional migration paths take birds through countries that are not protecting the places for birds to stop, rest and feed. The scientists studied the migration or flight paths of almost 1,500 species. They decided that 91 percent of them passed through dangerous areas.
The major danger for migratory birds is development. Buildings and pavements have covered the places where birds stop and feed as they move from one part of the world to another. One of the scientists who worked on the study says many of these important places have been lost to land reclamation because of urban, industrial and agricultural land expansion. 
The problem, according to scientists, is that many of these small birds die along their migration paths because they don’t have a safe place to feed and rest. There is no place to restore their energy for the next part of their journey. Countries in North Africa, Central Asia and those along the coasts of East Asia are having the most difficult time in protecting land. The scientists say these countries do not have enough areas that are safe for birds. One species that doesn’t exist now is the Eskimo curlew. “Our world gets poorer every time we lose a species,” one of the scientists says.
The researchers say countries need to work together and come up with safe stopping areas for birds that pass through their boundaries. For example, one country might have preserved safe zones for migrating birds. But a neighbour country might not. A bird might die.
One scientist who is not connected with the report tells Los Angeles Times that while some habitats are changing, more work can be done to make urban areas safe for birds.
He says small changes, like planting more native plants or keeping cats out of the areas birds would be likely to use, could make a big difference.
11. What mainly caused the disappearing of birds’ habitats?
A. The rising sea level.
B. Natural disasters.
C. The decrease of awareness to protect birds.
D. Overuse of land by human beings.
12. What do the underlined words “land reclamation” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Causing the land quality to get worse.
B. The disappearance of good land.
C. Making land suitable for farming or building.
D. Abusing the farming land.
13. What may be the main reason for many birds’ death on the way of migration?
A. Hunting of humans.
B. Beast attack on the ground.
C. The long journey.
D. Exhaustion and hunger.
14. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To call on people to protect the birds’ habitats.
B To tell us a huge percentage of bird species are in danger.
C. To analyze the reasons for disappearing of birds’ habitats.
D. To offer some solutions to the problem of birds’ habitats.
15. What might be talked about in the following paragraphs?
A. Human activities that harm the migrating birds.
B. Ways to create a more suitable environment for migrating birds.
C. New studies about migration paths of birds.
D. More detailed information about the scientist.
【答案】11. D 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了很大一部分鸟类正处于危险之中的原因是它们的栖息地或家园正在消失。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The major danger for migratory birds is development.Buildings and pavements have covered the places where birds stop and feed as they move from one part of the world to another.(对候鸟来说，最大的危险是发展。建筑物和人行道覆盖了鸟类从世界的一个地方飞到另一个地方时停下来觅食的地方)”可推知，鸟类栖息地消失的主要原因是发展造成的，即人类过度使用土地。故选D项。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“because of urban, industrial and agricultural land expansion.(因为城市、工业和农业用地的扩张)”可知，画线词是“土地开垦”的意思，即“使土地适于耕种或建造”故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The problem, according to scientists, is that many of these small birds die along their migration paths because they don’t have a safe place to feed and rest. There is no place to restore their energy for the next part of their journey.(根据科学家的说法，问题是许多这些小鸟在迁徙途中死亡，因为它们没有一个安全的地方觅食和休息。没有地方让它们为下一段旅程恢复能量)”可知，许多鸟类在迁徙途中死亡的主要原因可能是疲惫和饥饿。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了很大一部分鸟类正处于危险之中的原因是它们的栖息地或家园正在消失，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁人们保护鸟类的栖息地。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“He says small changes, like planting more native plants or keeping cats out of the areas birds would be likely to use, could make a big difference.(他说，一些小的改变，比如种植更多的本地植物或让猫远离鸟类可能会使用的区域，可能会产生很大的影响)”可知，在接下来的段落中可能会讨论为候鸟创造更适宜的环境的方法。故选B项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从下面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Bathed in two cultures from childhood, moving around the world and experiencing different cultures has always been my thing. When I was in high school, I heard about students in my class wanting to take the SAT test and study abroad in the USA. ___16___. Actually, what I wanted to experience most was the European lifestyle and cultural mix.
I used to travel a lot around Europe with my parents as a little kid, and also not forgetting that the French Language is one of my mother tongues, France seemed therefore like a top choice for me. French universities have a good reputation and the French capital is internationally well known for its cultural history. ___17___. My university was one of those small cities and I also got the chance to obtain a scholarship which made it easier for me to start my studies.
___18___. Opportunities are offered to develop our network and explore the business world. The university participated as a partner in international networking courses leading to a European Master’s degree, a double degree, or training abroad.
___19___. So, if you are an international student who came to France for studies, you can take the chance to explore another country for a term and study in English. I remember wanting to take this opportunity in my first year of my college life and try the program which back then offered students the chance to go on an exchange with Linnaeus University in Sweden. ___20___.
A. I applied and was lucky to get accepted
B. But I was not that attracted to studying there
C. You can find a lot of student-friendly cities as well
D. Besides, all these universities have their own unique advantages
E. The university I chose was small but used to invite business chiefs and directors
F. Because there are many universities with good reputation which attracts students
G. Plus, all French universities work with several countries to offer an exchange program
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者对于出国学习的一些经历和看法。
【16题详解】
根据上一句When I was in high school I heard about students in my class wanting to take the SAT test and study abroad in the USA.当我上高中时，我听说我们班的学生想要参加SAT测试，出国到美国学习；和下一句Actually, what I wanted to experience most was the European lifestyle and cultural mix.实际上，我最想体验的是欧洲的生活方式和文化融合。可知，此处表示转折，表达了自己并没有被在美国留学所吸引，B选项“But I was not that attracted to studying there(但我并没有被在那里学习而吸引。)”符合题意。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据下一句My university was in one of those small cities and I also got the chance to obtain a scholarship which made it easier for me to start my studies.我的大学就在这些小城市之一，我也有机会获得奖学金，这使我更容易开始我的研究。可知，此处介绍的是在法国可以找到很多适合学习的城市，C选项“You can find a lot of student-friendly cities as well.(你也可以找到很多对学生友好的城市。)”符合题意。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据下文中Opportunities are offered to develop our network and explore the business world.我们有机会发展我们的人际关系，并探索商业世界。可知，此处应提到商业(business)方面的信息，E选项“The university I chose was small but used to invite business chiefs and directors.(我选择的那所大学很小，但曾经邀请过商界领袖和董事。)”符合题意，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据下文中So, if you are an international student who came to France for studies...an exchange with Linnaeus University in Sweden.所以，如果你是一名来法国留学的国际学生，你可以利用这个机会探索另一个国家一个学期，学习英语。我记得我想在我大学的第一年就抓住这个机会，尝试这个项目，当时它为学生提供了与瑞典林奈大学交流的机会。可知，这里应该提到大学交换项目，G选项“Plus, all French universities work with several countries to offer an exchange program (此外，所有的法国大学都与几个国家合作提供一个交换项目)”符合题意。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上一句I remember wanting to take this opportunity in my first year of my college life and try the program which back then offered students the chance to go on an exchange with Linnaeus University in Sweden.我记得我大学一年级就想抓住这个机会，我尝试了一个为学生提供了与林奈大学进行交流的机会的项目。可知，A选项“I applied and was lucky to get accepted.(我申请了，很幸运被录取了。)”符合题意。故选A。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s a sad reality that many of us find ourselves just too busy to contribute to our communities. For a long time, I, too, believed it cost too much in time, money and ___21___ to make a real difference. But all that changed when I ___22___ my good-deed-a-day project.
My daughter, Emily, was my primary ___23___. I wanted to show her we could do little things to help others, and be happy.
The first week, I wasn’t sure if I could ___24___ it. I surfed the Internet for ideas. One day, I guided a ___25___ man in the subway station. He smiled as he thanked me. Another day, I brought flowers from my garden to a local nursing home. I could only hope I was arousing ___26___ in others.
Luckily, after just a few days I found it easier than I’d expected. I knew I was making a(n)___27___.
Every evening at the dinner table, I ___28___ that day’s good deed to Emily. Emily began copying what I’d started. On a walk home from school, she marched over to a neighbor’s pot of geraniums (天竺葵), which had toppled (摇晃) in the wind, and set it ___29___. “That was my good deed for the day!” she yelled. Another day, she helped me collect ____30____ from our neighbors for the food bank. We ____31____ off the food, as we drove away. Emily announced ____32____ that she wanted to work there one day.
By the last week, I knew I’d changed. At first, I hadn’t been entirely ____33____ that I could do a good deed every day. Now it was practically second ____34____. I felt a greater responsibility to take action when I saw a need, ____35____ looking the other way. I felt as though I’d awakened, somehow.
21. A. wisdom B. salary C. energy D. space
22. A. stopped B. recalled C. forgot D. started
23. A. celebration B. inspiration C. donation D. expectation
24. A. put B. appreciate C. get D. manage
25. A. blind B. young C. poor D. rude
26. A. awareness B. praise C. interest D. mercy
27. A. mistake B. fortune C. discovery D. difference
28. A. remembered B. described C. reminded D. pointed
29. A. high B. aside C. right D. away
30. A. donations B. clothes C. money D. vegetables
31. A. went B. dropped C. threw D. took
32. A. anxiously B. casually C. proudly D. eagerly
33. A. expected B. persuaded C. concerned D. convinced
34. A. nature B. skill C. scene D. language
35. A. as well as B. instead of C. by means of D. regardless of
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者因希望让女儿知道她们可以做一些小事来帮助别人，从而获得快乐，而开始了“每天做一件好事”的计划。通过这个计划，作者逐渐从过去因繁忙而无暇顾及社区的状况转变为自发地、主动地帮助身边有需要的人们，有了更强的责任感和使命感，女儿也因此获得了成长和快乐。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很长一段时间以来，我也认为要真正有所作为要花费太多的时间、金钱和精力。A. wisdom智慧；B. salary工资；C. energy精力；D. space空间。根据句中并列名词“time, money”及句意可知，作者认为要有所作为就要投入大量的时间、金钱和精力。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我开始“每天做一件好事”项目时，一切都改变了。A. stopped停止；B. recalled回忆；C. forgot忘记；D. started开始。根据第二段“My daughter, Emily, was my primary 　3　. I wanted to show her we could do little things to help others, and be happy.”可知，作者因希望让女儿知道做小事帮助别人可以获得快乐，而想到了这个“每天做一件好事”的计划，从而开始实施。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的女儿艾米丽是我最初的灵感来源。A. celebration庆祝；B. inspiration激励；C. donation捐献；D. expectation期望。根据下一句“I wanted to show her we could do little things to help others, and be happy.”可知，作者开始这个计划是因为要让女儿知道做小事帮助别人可以获得快乐，是女儿给了她灵感和激励。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一周，我不确定我是否能做到。A. put放置；B. appreciate欣赏；C. get得到；D. manage设法做到。根据第一段“For a long time, I, too, believed it cost too much in time, money and energy to make a real difference.”可知，作者最初对完成这个计划是缺乏信心的，所以她在第一周不确定自己是否能做到。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我在地铁站里引导了一个盲人。A. blind盲的；B. young年轻的；C. poor贫穷的；D. rude粗鲁的。由句中“guided”可知，需要作者在地铁站帮忙引导的应该是盲人。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只希望我能唤起别人的意识。A. awareness意识；B. praise赞美；C. interest兴趣；D. mercy仁慈。根据第四段“Luckily, after just a few days I found it easier than I’d expected. ”及第五段对女儿的描述可知，作者的行为唤起了女儿做好事的意识，超过了她的期望值。所以这里是指作者只是希望能够唤起别人做好事的意识。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我正在产生影响。A. mistake错误；B. fortune财富；C. discovery发现；D. difference差别。根据第6小题“I could only hope I was arousing awareness in others.”和上一句“Luckily, after just a few days I found it easier than I’d expected.”及第五段对女儿做好事行为的描述可知，作者的行为唤起了女儿做好事的意识，对女儿产生了很大的影响，女儿有了很大的改变。make a difference有影响、有关系、创造不同。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上在餐桌上，我都向爱米丽描述当天做的好事。A. remembered记住；B. described描述；C. reminded提醒；D. pointed指。根据下一句“Emily began copying what I’d started. ”可知，女儿应该是根据作者的具体描述来复制她所做过的好事。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：放学回家的路上，她走到邻居的天竺葵花盆前，它在风中摇摇晃晃，她把它扶正了。A. high高的；B. aside在旁边；C. right正确的；D. away客场的。根据下一句“That was my good deed for the day!”可知，女儿做了好事，当她看到天竺花盆晃动时，应该是把它扶到了正确的位置。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，她帮我从邻居那里收集给食物银行捐献食品。A. donations捐赠物；B. clothes衣服；C. money钱；D. vegetables蔬菜。根据下一句“We 　11　off the food,”及常识可知，邻居们应该是给食物银行捐献了食品，故艾米丽是帮作者收集捐献的食品。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们开车离开时，我们放下了食物。A. went (off)走开；B. dropped (off)让……下车；C. threw (off)扔掉；D. took (off)脱下。根据句中“as we drove away”可知，作者和女儿是开车离开的，所以她们是把食物从车上放了下来。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：艾米丽自豪地宣布她想有一天在那里工作。A. anxiously焦虑地；B. casually随意地；C. proudly自豪地；D. eagerly渴望地。根据前文中““That was my good deed for the day!” she yelled.”可知，女儿对于自己做的好事是非常开心和自豪的，因此当她宣布想要在那工作时，也是非常自豪的。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我并不完全相信我可以每天做一件好事。A. expected期待；B. persuaded说服；C. concerned担心；D. convinced使信服。根据第三段“The first week, I wasn’t sure if I could manage it.”可知，作者在开始还不能完全相信自己能够每天做一件好事。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在这几乎成了第二天性。A. nature天性；B. skill技能；C. scene景色；D. language语言。根据下一句“I felt a greater responsibility to take action when I saw a need, 　15　　looking the other way.”可知，作者现在只要看到有需要，就会主动去做好事，说明几乎是成为了一种天性和本能。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：当我看到需要时，我感到有更大的责任去采取行动，而不是视而不见。A. as well as也；B. instead of而不是；C. by means of凭借；D. regardless of不顾。根据上一句“Now it was practically second 14 .”可知，每天做好事几乎已经成为了作者的一种天性，只要看到有需要，作者就会去帮助别人，而不是视而不见。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Science, a Japanese technology company known for many of its ___36___(innovation) in bath and kitchen technology, recently announced plans to produce a washing machine for humans.
___37___ (actual), the concept of a human washing machine isn’t new. At the 1970 Osaka Expo, Japanese electronics giant Sanyo Electric showcased its “Ultrasonic Bath”, a human washing machine that cleaned, massaged and dried the occupant in ___38___ fully-automated 15-minute cycle. The concept never really took off ___39___ a commercial product, but now another Japanese technology company called Science wants to take a shot at it, ___40___ (promise) to deliver a modern human washing machine by 2025.
So far Osaka-based Science Co. Ltd. ___41___ (lay) out plans to create its own version of the human washing machine. The project named Project Usoyaro will use the latest “fine bubble technology” as well as various monitoring sensors and an artificial intelligence system ___42___ (produce) a complex bath experience. The goal of Project Usoyaro is not only to thoroughly clean the body of the user, but also to provide a healing space ___43___ you can relax to the sound of soothing(舒缓的) music and the view of images ___44___(display) on a waterproof display.
Science expects that Project Usoyaro will lead to a ___45___ (function) human washing machine by 2024, which the company hopes to showcase at the 2025 Osaka Expo.
【答案】36. innovations
37. Actually
38. a 39. as
40. promising
41. has laid
42. to produce
43. where 44. displayed
45. functional
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。日本的科技公司Science正尝试研制一款现代人体洗衣机。
【36题详解】
考查可数名词单复数。句意：日本科技公司Science以其在浴室和厨房技术方面的许多创新而闻名，该公司最近宣布计划生产一款人类洗衣机。根据句意和所给可数名词innovation以及空格前的many分析句子可知，空格处应该填入innovation的复数形式innovations。故填innovations。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：事实上，人体洗衣机的概念并不新鲜。根据句意和所给形容词actual分析句子可知，空格处应该填入actual的副词形式actually作状语，修饰后面的句子。故填Actually。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在1970年大阪世博会上，日本电子巨头三洋电机展示了其“超声波浴”，这是一种人体洗衣机，可以在15分钟的全自动周期内清洗、按摩和烘干使用者。根据句意和空格后的单数可数名词cycle分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个不定冠词表示数量，因为空格后的fully-automated发音是辅音音素开头，所以应该用不定冠词a。故填a。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：这一概念从未真正成为商业产品，但现在另一家名为Science的日本科技公司想要尝试一下，承诺在2025年之前推出一款现代人体洗衣机。根据句意和空格后的a commercial product分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个介词，且意义为“作为”，所以应该用介词as。故填as。
【40题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：这一概念从未真正成为商业产品，但现在另一家名为Science的日本科技公司想要尝试一下，承诺在2025年之前推出一款现代人体洗衣机。根据句意和所给动词promise分析句子可知，空格处应该填入promise的非谓语形式作状语，因为句子的主语another Japanese technology company和动词promise之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词promising作状语。故填promising。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，总部位于大阪的科学有限公司已经制定了制造自己版本的人体洗衣机的计划。根据句意和所给动词lay分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分；根据时间状语so far可知，句子应该用现在完成时，再由主语Osaka-based Science Co. Ltd. 可知，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故填has laid。
【42题详解】
考查不定式。句意：这个名为project Usoyaro的项目将使用最新的“精细气泡技术”、各种监测传感器和人工智能系统来制造复杂的沐浴体验。根据句意和所给动词produce分析句子可知，空格处应该用不定式形式to produce作目的状语。故填to produce。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Usoyaro项目的目标不仅是彻底清洁使用者的身体，而且还提供了一个治疗空间，在那里你可以在舒缓的音乐和防水显示器上显示的图像中放松。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个非限制性定语从句，对先行词space进行限定说明，因为先行词space在后面从句中作地点状语，所以应该用关系副词where。故填where。
【44题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：Usoyaro项目的目标不仅是彻底清洁使用者的身体，而且还提供了一个治疗空间，在那里你可以在舒缓的音乐和防水显示器上显示的图像中放松。根据句意和所给动词display分析句子可知，空格处应该用display的非谓语形式作定语，修饰前面的名词images，因为images和动词display之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词displayed作定语。故填displayed。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：《科学》杂志预计，到2024年，Usoyaro项目将开发出功能性人体洗衣机，该公司希望在2025年大阪世博会上展示这款洗衣机。根据句意和所给名词function以及空格后的human washing machine分析句子可知，空格处应该填入function的形容词形式functional作定语，修饰后面的human washing machine。故填functional。
第四部分 课内知识(共三节 ,满分25分)
第一节(共7小题;每小题1分,满分7分)
根据语境，选择下框中的单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。
initially substantial convince stable competent overwhelmed motivate

46. He used his great influence to change the thinking of the scientific community on this issue.
47. She was overcome by sorrow after hearing the news that her son had been trapped in the snowstorm.
48. Because I have passed the guide qualification , I have confidence in being qualified for the guide volunteer job.
49. Only by presenting facts and reasoning things out can we persuade others of what we say.
50. Therefore, teachers should develop students’ participation and involvement in class activities, and arouse their interest and desire in English.
51. I originally disagreed with the proposal he came up with at the meeting, but later I changed my mind.
52. A society can be steady and orderly only when its people can lead a prosperous life.
【答案】46. substantial
47. overwhelmed
48. competent
49. convince
50. motivate
51. initially
52. stable
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他利用自己的巨大影响力改变了科学界对这个问题的看法。根据句意可知，划线单词great是形容词，其意义为“巨大的”，所以应该用形容词substantial（大量的；价值巨大的；重大的）代替。故答案为substantial。
【47题详解】
考查动词。句意：听到儿子被困在暴风雪中的消息后，她悲痛欲绝。根据句意可知，划线单词overcome是动词，其意义为“受到……的极大影响”，所以应该用动词overwhelm（难以禁受）代替，该句子是被动语态，overcome是过去分词，所以用过去分词overwhelmed代替。故答案为overwhelmed。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：因为我已经通过了导游资格考试，我有信心胜任导游志愿者的工作。根据句意可知，划线单词qualified是形容词，其意义为“有资格的，胜任的”，所以应该用形容词competent（能胜任的）代替。故答案为competent。
【49题详解】
考查动词。句意：只有提出事实，讲道理，我们才能说服别人相信我们所说的。根据句意可知，划线单词persuade是动词，其意义为“说服”，所以应该用动词convince（说服）代替。故答案为convince。
【50题详解】
考查动词。句意：因此，教师应培养学生对课堂活动的参与和投入，激发学生学习英语的兴趣和愿望。根据句意可知，划线单词arouse是动词，其意义为“激发”，所以应该用动词motivate（激励；激发）代替。故答案为motivate。
【51题详解】
考查副词。句意：我最初不同意他在会上提出的建议，但后来我改变了主意。根据句意可知，划线单词originally是副词，其意义为“最初”，所以应该用副词initially（开始；最初）代替。故答案为initially。
【52题详解】
考查形容词。句意：只有人民生活富足，社会才能稳定有序。根据句意可知，划线单词steady是形容词，其意义为“稳定的”，所以应该用形容词stable（稳定的）代替。故答案为stable。
第二节(共8小题;每小题1分,满分8分)
根据语境,选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个为多余的单词或短语。
in addition to adapt oneself to be comprised of consist in be to blame
subscribe to regardless of exception suspect apply

53. You have to have a gift for learning languages? No, it is not correct. Language learning ________________ your attitude. Anyone who wants to learn can learn.
54. Our plan to arrange an activity to strengthen the relationship between the two companies ________________________ by our manager, so we carried it out as scheduled.
55. The educator should guide the students to correctly know about themselves, gradually perfect themselves and ________________ the development of the society.
56. It was the professor rather than his assistant that ________________ for what had happened in the lab.
57. ________________ reducing working hours, managers urged staff to cut down on the time they spent on meetings and responding to emails.
58. The project team ________________ the people who have assigned roles and responsibilities for completing the project.
59. If the ________________ do not meet these requirements, they will not be admitted to the graduate school.
60. In an ________________ case, a student might change his major when permitted by the president of the college.
【答案】53. consists in
54. had been subscribed to
55. adapt themselves to
56. was to blame
57. In addition to
58. is comprised of
59. applicants
60. exceptional
【解析】
【53题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：你必须要有学习语言的天赋吗？不，这是不对的。语言学习在于你的态度。任何想学习的人都能学习。结合“Anyone who wants to learn can learn.”可知，此处指“在于”，consist in“在于”符合题意，句子是一般现在时，主语Language learning表示单数意义，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填consists in。
【54题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：我们计划安排一个活动来加强两家公司之间的关系，我们的经理同意了，所以我们按计划进行了。根据“so we carried it out”可知，此处指“同意”，subscribe to“同意，赞成”符合题意，主语plan和动词短语subscribe to之间是被动关系，且此处表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been subscribed to。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：教育工作者应引导学生正确认识自己，逐步完善自己，适应社会的发展。结合句意及“gradually perfect themselves”可知，此处指“使他们自己适应”，adapt oneself to“使……适应”符合题意，空处和动词know及perfect并列，应用动词原形，反身代词用第三人称复数themselves。故填adapt themselves to。
【56题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：对于实验室里发生的事情，应该受到责备的是教授，而不是他的助手。结合句意可知，此处指“应受责备”，be to blame“应受责备，应负责任”符合题意，本句是强调句型，谓语动词和主语the professor保持一致，be动词应用was。故填was to blame。
【57题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：除了减少工作时间外，经理们还敦促员工减少开会和回复电子邮件的时间。结合句意可知，in addition to“除了”符合题意，句首单词的首字母应大写。故填In addition to。
【58题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：项目团队由为完成项目而分配角色和职责的人员组成。结合句意可知，be comprised of“由……组成”符合题意，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语team表示单数意义，be动词用is。故填is comprised of。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果申请者不符合这些要求，他们将不能被研究生院录取。空处应填名词作主语，结合句意可知，此处指“申请者”，applicant申请者，可数名词，由they可知应用复数形式。故填applicants。
【60题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在特殊情况下，学生可以在学院总统允许的情况下更换专业。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词case，结合句意可知，此处指“例外的”，exceptional例外的，异常的，形容词。故填exceptional。
第三节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
翻译。81-83题按括号中的要求进行汉译英，84-85题进行英译汉。
61. 于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。（have+宾语+宾补）（汉译英）
【答案】Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.
【解析】
【详解】考查“have+宾语+宾补”。分析句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“于是”是accordingly，“让人拆掉了水泵的把手”也就是“让水泵的把手被拆掉”，用have sth. done，“移除”是remove，“把手”是handle，故表达为have the handle of the pump removed，“这样”是so that，引导结果状语从句，“水泵就用不成了”是it could not be used。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.
62. 鉴于袁隆平开发杂交水稻而变得相当富有，有人会认为他会退休享受悠闲的生活。（give的相应形式，宾语从句）
【答案】Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和宾语从句。表示“鉴于……”句型为given that；“使得某人……”表达为make sb.+adj.，“袁隆平开发杂交水稻而变得相当富有”陈述过去的事实，故翻译为Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy；表示“会认为他会退休享受悠闲的生活”中涉及虚拟语气，表示“本会做某事而未做”用would have done，故翻译为think he would have retired to a life of leisure。故翻译为Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.
63. 这意味着咀嚼过快的人最终会吃太多食物，因为他们仍然感到饥饿。（主语从句和表语从句）
【答案】What this means is that people who chew too quickly end up eating too much food because they still feel hungry.
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句、定语从句和原因状语从句。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“这”译为this；“意味着”译为mean；按照要求，应用主语从句，mean后缺宾语，所以用what引导主语从句。故主语部分“这意味”译为what this means。单个句子充当主语，谓语动词应为单数，故用is。“人”译为people；“咀嚼”译为chew，“过快”译为too quickly。因“咀嚼过快的”修饰“人”，故应为定语从句修饰先行词people，且在定从中充当chew的主语，故chew应用复数，故“咀嚼过快的人”译为people who chew too quickly。“最终”译为固定搭配end up doing sth.；“吃太多食物”译为eat too much food；故“咀嚼过快的人最终会吃太多食物”译为people who chew too quickly end up eating too much food，且此部分应为is后的表语从句，因本句成分和意义都完整，故用连接词that引导。“因为”译为because，引导原因状语从句；“他们”译为they；“仍然”译为副词still；“感到饥饿”译为系表结构feel hungry。综上，故翻译为What this means is that people who chew too quickly end up eating too much food because they still feel hungry.
64. Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of abstract thought.（英译汉）
【答案】他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎缩无力，他的世界变成了一个抽象思维的世界。
【解析】
【详解】考查原因状语从句、定语从句和动词及名词短语。分析句子可知，连词“Since”引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”；在从句中，包含以关系代词“which”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“disease”；动词短语come down with...意为：染上病；cause sb to do sth意为：引起某人做某事；lose the use of most of his musles 意为：大部分肌肉都不能使用了，即肌肉萎缩无力；故“Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles”可译为：他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎缩无力；名词短语abstract thought意为：抽象思维，故“his world became one of abstract thought.”可译为：他的世界变成了一个抽象思维的世界。故答案为：他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎缩无力，他的世界变成了一个抽象思维的世界。
65. Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles and thus gives us more insight into our own culture.(英译汉）
【答案】与来自不同文化背景的人合作，可以帮助我们从不同的角度看世界，从而更好地了解自己的文化。
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、时态和短语。此处动名词短语Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds表示“与来自不同文化背景的人合作”，作主语；helps us view the world from different angles表示“可以帮助我们从不同的角度看世界”，helps是谓语动词，view为省略to的不定式作宾补；thus gives us more insight into our own culture表示“而更好地了解自己的文化”，gives和上文helps为并列的谓语动词。故翻译为：与来自不同文化背景的人合作，可以帮助我们从不同的角度看世界，从而更好地了解自己的文化。
第五部分 写作 (满分 25分)
66. 假定你是李华，你的美国网友Tom来信说他的家人都很喜欢吃中餐，向你请教如何在中餐馆选择健康的中餐。请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容主要包括：
1.蔬菜为主，少油少盐；
2.蒸、煮为佳，不加味精(MSG)；
3.份量适当，避免浪费。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Tom,
I’m very delighted that your family are in favor of Chinese cuisine, but it can be high in oil and salt.
To choose a healthier Chinese cuisine, my first suggestion is to choose dishes with lots of vegetables. Additionally, you should try to avoid the dishes which have high calories, such as lamb kebab and red braised pork, and ask the chef to use less oil, cut down salt and cut out MSG in your food’s preparation. Beyond this, studies show that eating foods that are steamed or boiled is of great benefit to your health. Last but not least, you’d better order fewer dishes, because main dish portions are often quite large. And it is highly recommended that you should divide the dishes and eat up.
Hope my advice will be helpful to you and wish you a healthy life!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的美国网友Tom来信说他的家人都很喜欢吃中餐，向你请教如何在中餐馆选择健康的中餐。请你用英语给他写一封回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
有益的：be of great benefit→beneficial
建议：advice/ suggestion→tip
许多：lots of→a lot of
此外：additionally→besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To choose a healthier Chinese cuisine, my first suggestion is to choose dishes with lots of vegetables.
拓展句：If you want to choose a healthier Chinese cuisine, my first suggestion is to choose dishes with lots of vegetables.
【点睛】[高分句型1] To choose a healthier Chinese cuisine, my first suggestion is to choose dishes with lots of vegetables. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
[高分句型2] Additionally, you should try to avoid the dishes which have high calories, such as lamb kebab and red braised pork, and ask the chef to use less oil, cut down salt and cut out MSG in your food’s preparation. (运用了which引导定语从句)
听力：1-5 ABBCA 6-10 CCAAC 11-15 BBAAB 16-20 CBCAC