2023高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题强化练十六阅读七选五__段尾句类

这是一份2023高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题强化练十六阅读七选五__段尾句类，共6页。
专题强化练（十六）　阅读七选五——段尾句类Test 1[2022·沈阳高三年级教学质量监测（一）]Lighthouse PlanningGoal setting is an important part of staying active，focused and excited about the future.　1　Some goals in our life are clear，simple and easy.For example，to make a homemade dinner every Sunday is such a type of goal for me.To achieve it，I only need to create a list of supplies to buy and set aside time according to my schedule.　2　In terms of these goals，I love the idea of“lighthouse planning”.In this technique，we reach a goal by imagining it as a lighthouse in the distance.It's dark as we get in our boats and we don't know exactly how we're going to get to that bright destination.But our lighthouse never stops flashing in the distance and it is never entirely out of sight.　3　Now think about your lighthouse and identify it.　4　For example，you might set your goal as“I want to become more creative”.Identifying your lighthouse is a way to start your journey with big purposes.But if you look around and realize that your lighthouse is getting farther away rather than closer，you should redirect your path to your lighthouse.　5　If you've ever rowed a boat，you know there can be headwinds and storms along your journey.In that case，focus on the next spot on the horizon instead of powering through all the way to the end.A.Just give it a try.B.Don't wear yourself out.C.We can make a plan that will get us there.D.A lighthouse­like goal is something broader.E.So we start rowing in the direction of the light.F.However，some goals in our life are bigger and more challenging.G.Having goals and keeping moving to them is part of walking a positive path.【语篇解读】　“灯塔计划”是设定计划和目标的有效方式。通过“灯塔计划”，人们可以根据自己的实际情况调整计划，以更好地实现人生目标。1.解析：根据空处上句可知，设定目标能对未来保持积极、专注和兴奋。据此可知，空处进一步说明设定目标、朝着目标奋进的意义：是走在积极道路上的一部分。答案：G2.解析：通读第二段可知，该段主要介绍生活中明确的、简单的、容易实现的目标；结合空处下文可以推知，第三段介绍更远大、更具有挑战性的目标，且实现这种目标需要制定“灯塔计划”。答案：F3.解析：根据空处上句可知，灯塔在远处不停地闪烁，它从来不会离开我们的视线。结合常识可知，灯塔指引我们朝着光亮的地方划船前进。答案：E4.解析：根据上句可知，该处提醒我们应思考并确定灯塔目标；根据空后的“Identifying your lighthouse...big purposes”可知，确定灯塔目标是开启伟大目标之旅的一种方式。据此可知，空处说明灯塔目标更为广大。答案：D5.解析：根据空后内容可知，如果你曾经划过船，你就会知道，一路上可能会遇到逆风和暴风雨，那种情况下，关注地平线上的下一个地点，而不是一路快速划到终点。结合上文介绍的“如果目标离你更远而不是更近时，要改变方向”可以推知，空处说明不要把自己累坏。答案：BTest 2（2022·南京第一学期六校联合体调研测试题）Why we forget？Remembering things is an important function of our brain—if we can't recall how to do something，we can't survive.If you think about it，there is so much we have to remember—from where we leave our car keys to how we walk.　1　Memory allows the brain to store and recall information when required.Our short­term memory can hold a small amount of information for a short time，while our long­term memory can hold an unlimited amount of information for a long time.Our memory is amazing，but why do we still forget things？It maybe because we are in a rush or we consider it irrelevant at the time.When we do store information，we often make connections with other things，which helps us recall it later.　2　It is also possible that memories decline over time.If you don't perform a task for a long period of time，it can be difficult to recall how to do it.This could be because our memory is full，or that our short­term memory is easier to access.　3　Have you ever gone into a room to fetch something only to forget what you wanted when you got there？This is called“The Doorway Effect”.This occurs because we change both the physical and mental environments，moving to a different room and thinking about many different things.So，if you have a mind like a sieve（筛子），it could be because you have too much on your mind.But we do need to keep our memory sharp by continually using it.　4　That's when we're at more risk of getting Alzheimer's disease.However，forgetting is not always a bad thing！It would waste cognitive resources if we remembered every detail of the world around us.　5　.A.That's something worth remembering！B.Maybe it's no surprise that sometimes we are forgetful.C.But sometimes even our short­term memory can let us down.D.If you don't have these connections，then it can be easier to forget.E.However，it is widely recognized that short­term memory can be improved.F.We also need some mental relaxation such as listening to some classical music.G.Beyond our 50s，our brains tend to shrink in volume and our memory begins to decline.【语篇解读】　本文主要从科学角度介绍了“遗忘”背后的原因：太匆忙，或认为事物无关紧要，或不回忆等。但是遗忘并非坏事，我们如果记住周围世界的每一个细节，会浪费认知资源。1.解析：根据上句可知，我们需要记住的事情太多，再结合第二段最后一句及常识可以推知，有时遗忘某事并不奇怪。故B项符合语境。答案：B2.解析：根据上句可知，当我们存储信息时，我们经常会与其他事物建立联系，这有助于我们在以后回忆起它。所以D项“如果你没有这些联系，你就可能更容易遗忘”符合语境。故选D项。答案：D3.解析：上段最后一句提到了short­term memory，下文介绍了短暂性记忆，即“门口效应”的例子：走进房间去取东西，结果到了房间却忘了自己想找什么。据此可知，C项内容能承上启下，故C项正确。答案：C4.解析：根据下句“That's when we're at more risk of getting Alzheimer's disease”可知，这个时候我们患阿尔茨海默氏病的风险更大。据此可以推知，空处说明年龄增大记忆力减退的现象和原因，故G项正确。答案：G5.解析：根据上句中的“cognitive resources”可知，遗忘并非总是坏事，记住所有细节则会浪费认知资源，据此可知，这点值得记住。故A项正确。答案：ATest 3Open a book by any philosopher and you'll probably read that a meaningful life has to involve achieving something difficult.That's because many philosophers are perfectionists when it comes to the meaning of life.It's not just philosophers，either.Perfectionism is one of the main reasons why people tend to believe their lives are meaningless.　1　If they aren't doing something absolutely amazing，then life has no meaning.　2　So the conclusion is obvious：most lives are meaningless.Right？Not really.Dig a little deeper，and perfectionism falls apart.Actually you don't need to be a perfectionist about the meaning of life.Life would be fantastic if everything was perfect.But something doesn't need to be perfect to be fantastic.　3　For one，it's pretty inconsistently applied most of the time.People who are perfectionists about the meaning of life often don't apply it to other areas of their lives.　4　For example，perfectionists don't think they're a failure if they don't get a hundred percent on every test.So isn't it also absurd to apply that kind of standard to the meaning of life？It doesn't end there.The demands that perfectionists place on themselves and others are actually really unrealistic.And that means they can only lead to disappointment.　5　It would be similarly odd to call one of your friends a huge failure because he can't achieve as much in a day as a superman.And it's exactly the logic perfectionism when it is claimed that our lives have to be extraordinary in some way to have meaning.A.They see life as an all­or­nothing situation.B.We don't expect a dog to drive a car.C.This leads to lots of double standards.D.You're unlikely to be satisfied with any result.E.And there are actually a few problems with perfectionism.F.However，most of us aren't an Einstein or a Mother Teresa.G.They'd probably dismiss the ideas like that as absurd，in fact.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了完美主义者眼中生活的意义，以及完美主义引发的一些问题。1.解析：空前一句说完美主义是人们倾向于相信他们的生活是无意义的主要原因之一；空后一句说如果他们不做一些令人极其惊叹的事，生活就没有意义。由此可以推断，A项（他们把生活看作全赢或全输的局面）符合语境。答案：A2.解析：空后一句说所以结论是显然的：大多数的生活都是无意义的。再结合空前一句对生活意义的评判标准可知，F项（然而，我们中的大多人都不是爱因斯坦或特蕾莎修女）衔接上下文，符合语境。答案：F3.解析：空前一句说但是有些事情不需要完美才能精彩；下一段开始举例来说明完美主义应用的不一致。由此可以推断，E项（实际上完美主义是有一些问题的）符合语境。答案：E4.解析：空前一句说追求生活意义的完美主义者通常不会把它运用到生活的其他领域；下文举例说他们如果考试没有考满分并不会就此认为自己是失败者。由此可以推断，C项（完美主义其实会导致双重标准）符合语境。答案：C5.解析：下文提到这跟因为你的一个朋友不可能在一天内取得跟超人一样多的成就就认为他是个很失败的人一样奇怪。由此可以推断，空处也应描述一种奇怪的现象，故B项（我们不能期待一只狗可以开车）符合语境。答案：BTest 4Giving generously and receiving gratefully make it easier to live happily with others.　1　Let me start with the idea of giving generously.　2　For example，my husband and I have family members who only contact us when they need money.We usually accept their requests，but we rarely receive a“thank you”.Most people would say that my husband and I are being used.and I suppose we are.But when we give，we shouldn't be giving for the purpose of getting gratitude or praise.　3　The good news is that when we lead our lives being nice to others，our lives run more smoothly.If you're generous，yes，some people will use you.But if you practice being generous，most of your relationships will improve.　4　I truly believe that you cannot say“thank you”enough when you receive.We so often get lazy about expressing gratitude.Parents can feel unappreciated by their children，and teachers can feel unappreciated by their students.Do you think it unnecessary to thank them when receiving just because a task is part of someone's job description？That's wrong！Words of appreciation make others feel good about themselves like nothing else.It's good for us to say“thank you”because we regularly need to remind ourselves of how lucky we are.　5　If you are looking for a way to improve your life，I can give you one：Give generously and receive gratefully.A.Thus，saying “thank you” can bring us good luck.B.Rather，we should be giving because it's a good thing.C.And hearing those two words can make us feel great for days.D.And at the same time，we should remember to receive gratefully.E.In return，we are to help others by giving them our time or money.F.I think people are unwilling to be generous to others for fear of being used.G.Yet，why do we have such difficulty achieving these things in our relationships？【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。慷慨地给予、感激地接受会让我们与别人相处的时候更容易快乐。文章分析了我们很难做到这两件事的原因以及这两件事对我们的好处。1.解析：空前一句讲到慷慨地给予、感激地接受会让我们与别人相处的时候更容易快乐，再结合下文讲到的我们在给予和接受的时候面临的问题可知，空处应该会讲到这两件事情难以做到的原因。故G项符合语境。答案：G2.解析：空前一句讲到让我从慷慨地给予说起，再根据下文“Most people would say that my husband and I are being used，and I suppose we are.”可知，空处讲到的应该是人们不愿意慷慨地给予的原因是害怕被利用。F项符合语境。答案：F3.解析：空前一句讲的是当我们给予的时候，我们不应该带着收到感激或赞扬的目的，因此B项（相反，我们应该因这是件好事而去给予）符合语境。答案：B4.解析：结合本段内容可知，本段主要讲了receiving gratefully的话题，故D项适合作本段的主旨句。答案：D5.解析：本段讲的是感谢之言的好处，空前一句讲的是说“谢谢你”对我们是有好处的，而C项表述的是听到“谢谢你”的好处，与其相匹配。答案：C